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Journal articles on the topic 'Ethoxide'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 1 April 2023

Last updated: 26 July 2025

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1

Balakrishnan, Vimal K., Julian M. Dust, Gary W. vanLoon, and Erwin Buncel. "Catalytic pathways in the ethanolysis of fenitrothion, an organophosphorothioate pesticide. A dichotomy in the behaviour of crown/cryptand cation complexing agents." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 79, no. 2 (2001): 157–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v01-006.

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The rates of displacement of 3-methyl-4-nitrophenoxide ion from the pesticide, fenitrothion, by alkali metal ethoxides in anhydrous ethanol were followed spectrophotometrically. Through product analysis experiments, which included 31P NMR and GC-MS, as well as spectrophotometric analysis, three reaction pathways were identified: nucleophilic attack at the phosphorus centre, attack at the aliphatic carbon, and a minor SNAr route ([Formula: see text]7%). Furthermore, a consecutive process was found to occur on the product of attack at the phosphorus centre. For purposes of kinetic treatment, the

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2

Pregel, Marko J., Edward J. Dunn, and Erwin Buncel. "Metal ion catalysis in nucleophilic displacement reactions at carbon, phosphorus, and sulfur centers. III. Catalysis vs. inhibition by metal ions in the reaction of p-nitrophenyl benzenesulfonate with ethoxide." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 68, no. 10 (1990): 1846–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v90-287.

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The rate of the nucleophilic displacement reaction of p-nitrophenyl benzenesulfonate (1) with alkali metal ethoxides in ethanol at 25 °C has been studied by spectrophotometric techniques. For lithium ethoxide, sodium ethoxide, potassium ethoxide, and cesium ethoxide, the observed rate constants increase in the order LiOEt < NaOEt < CsOEt < KOEt. The effect of added crown ether and cryptand complexing agents was also investigated. Addition of complexing agent to the reaction of KOEt results in the rate decreasing to a minimum value corresponding to the reaction of free ethoxide. Conver

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3

Dunn, Edward J., and Erwin Buncel. "Metal ion catalysis in nucleophilic displacement reactions at carbon, phosphorus, and sulfur centers. I. Catalysis by metal ions in the reaction of p-nitrophenyl diphenylphosphinate with ethoxide." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 67, no. 9 (1989): 1440–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v89-220.

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The effect of macrocyclic crown ether and cryptand complexing agents on the rate of the nucleophilic displacement reaction of p-nitrophenyl diphenylphosphinate by alkali metal ethoxides in ethanol at 25 °C has been studied by spectrophotometric techniques. For the reactions of potassium ethoxide, sodium ethoxide, and lithium ethoxide, the observed rate constant increased in the order KOEt < NaOEt < LiOEt. Crown ether and cryptand cation-complexing agents have a retarding effect on the rate. Increasing the ratio of complexing agent to base results in a decrease in kobs to a minimum value

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4

Joshi, Vikram, and Martha L. Mecartney. "The influence of water of hydrolysis on microstructural development in sol-gel derived LiNbO3 thin films." Journal of Materials Research 8, no. 10 (1993): 2668–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1993.2668.

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The effect of water of hydrolysis on nucleation, crystallization, and microstructural development of sol-gel derived single phase LiNbO3 thin films has been studied using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), x-ray diffraction (XRD), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). A precursor solution of double ethoxides of lithium and niobium in ethanol was used for the preparation of sol. DSC results indicated that adding water to the solution for hydrolysis of the double ethoxides lowered the crystallization temperature from 500 °C (no water) to 390 °C (2 moles

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5

Brorson, Sverre-Henning. "How to Examine the Antigen-damaging Effect of Sodium Ethoxide on Deplasticized Epoxy Sections." Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry 45, no. 1 (1997): 143–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002215549704500117.

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The purpose of this investigation was to develop a method that could be used to estimate how damaging sodium ethoxide is to different antigens with respect to immunolabeling when epoxy sections are deplasticized. If we obtain weak labeling for an antigen on deplasticized epoxy sections, this might be caused by the damaging effect of the ethoxide solution. It is therefore interesting to develop a method to check if this really is the reason. Fibrin clots and tissues of human kidney and thyroid were embedded in LR White resin. Some thin sections from these specimen blocks were exposed to sodium

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6

Kozon, Klaudia, Jakub Nawała, Paweł Sura, and Stanisław Popiel. "Study on the Reaction Kinetics of Sulfur Mustard, Nitrogen Mustard and Their Chosen Analogues with Sodium Ethoxide." Molecules 30, no. 4 (2025): 780. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules30040780.

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The course and kinetics of the reactions of sulfur mustard, nitrogen mustard and their selected analogues with sodium ethoxide were studied using a gas chromatograph coupled with a mass spectrometer. 2-chloroethyl ethyl sulfide (CEES), a monofunctional analogue of sulfur mustard (HD), bis(2-chloroethyl) ether (BCEE), an oxygen analogue of sulfur mustard, and bis(2-chloroethyl)amine, an analogue of nitrogen mustard HN-3, in which one hydrogen atom remains unsubstituted with a chloroethyl group, were used as imitators of mustards. For the study, the last mentioned compound was given the acronym

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7

Stirling, J. W., and P. S. Graff. "Antigen unmasking for immunoelectron microscopy: labeling is improved by treating with sodium ethoxide or sodium metaperiodate, then heating on retrieval medium." Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry 43, no. 2 (1995): 115–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/43.2.7529784.

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To optimize the ultrastructural localization of immunoglobulin G in corneal crystalloid deposits, we compared a range of antigen unmasking techniques. A human corneal biopsy specimen was fixed in formalin, post-osmicated, and embedded in epoxy resin for electron microscopy. Thin sections were immunogold-labeled for IgG after treatment with sodium ethoxide or sodium metaperiodate. Sections were also treated by heating them at 95 degrees C while they floated on water, 0.01 M citrate buffer (pH 6.0), or sodium metaperiodate. The treatments were applied separately and combined. After labeling, cry

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8

Hu, Qi-Shan, Lai-Cai Li, and Xin Wang. "Theoretical study on the mechanism of reaction between 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-2-butanone and malononitrile catalyzed by lithium ethoxide." Open Chemistry 6, no. 2 (2008): 304–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/s11532-008-0004-9.

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AbstractThe The mechanism of reaction between 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-2-butanone and malononitrile for the synthesis of 2-dicyanomethylene-4, 5, 5-trimethyl-2,5-dihydrofuran-3-carbonitrile catalyzed by lithium ethoxide was investigated by density functional theory (DFT). The geometries and the frequencies of reactants, intermediates, transition states and products were calculated at the B3LYP/6-31G(d) level. The vibration analysis and the IRC analysis verified the authenticity of transition states. The reaction processes were confirmed by the changes of charge density at the bond-forming critical p

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9

YANG, Haiping, Shenghai YANG, Motang TANG, and Bihui LI. "The Electrosynthesis of Tantalum Ethoxide." Electrochemistry 82, no. 9 (2014): 743–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.5796/electrochemistry.82.743.

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10

Rincón-Ortiz, Sergio A., Jhonatan Rodriguez-Pereira, and Rogelio Ospina. "Niobium ethoxide analyzed by XPS." Surface Science Spectra 27, no. 2 (2020): 024014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1116/6.0000472.

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11

Dohner, Brent R., та William H. Saunders Jr. "Mechanisms of elimination reactions. 40. Attempted study of stereochemistry of elimination from 2-(p-nitrophenyl)ethyltrimethylammonium ion. Base-promoted cis–trans isomerization of p-nitrostyrene-β-d". Canadian Journal of Chemistry 64, № 6 (1986): 1026–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v86-172.

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Stereospecifically deuterated ArCHDCHDNMe3+ I − and ArCHDCHDNMe2O have been prepared, where Ar=C6H5 and p-NO2C6H4. When Ar=C6H5, the elimination reaction of the quaternary salt with ethoxide in ethanol goes with >98% anti stereochemistry, and the Cope elimination of the amine oxide with >98% syn stereochemistry. When Ar=p-No2C6H4, however, both reactions lead to apparent 50:50 anti/syn product. Subjection of (E)-p-nitrostyrene-β-d to the conditions of both the ethoxide-promoted and Cope eliminations results in complete cis–trans equilibration. No loss of deuterium from p-nitrosryrene-α-d

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12

Chammingkwan, Patchanee, Mingkwan Wannaborworn, Le Thi Tuyet Mai, Minoru Terano, Toshiaki Taniike, and Phairat Phiriyawirut. "Particle engineering of magnesium ethoxide-based Ziegler-Natta catalyst through post-modification of magnesium ethoxide." Applied Catalysis A: General 626 (September 2021): 118337. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apcata.2021.118337.

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13

Anhede, Bo, Nils-Åke Bergman, and A. Jerry Kresge. "An MNDO SCF-MO study of proton transfer from fluoroethanols." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 64, no. 6 (1986): 1173–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v86-194.

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Proton exchange between β-fluorinated ethanols and ethoxide ions has been studied using the MNDO SCF-MO method. Calculations were performed on reactions of ethoxide ion with ethanols substituted in the β-position with 0, 1, 2, and 3 fluorine atoms as well as on reactions where both the ethanol and the ethoxide ion were substituted with the same number (1, 2, 3) of fluorine atoms in the β-position. The energies obtained for the ion–molecule reactant complexes and the transition states from these reactions have been analyzed using the Marcus equation. Through the calculated force-constant matric

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14

Kulkarni, Naveen V., Animesh Das, Shawn G. Ridlen, et al. "Fluorinated triazapentadienyl ligand supported ethyl zinc(ii) complexes: reaction with dioxygen and catalytic applications in the Tishchenko reaction." Dalton Transactions 45, no. 11 (2016): 4896–906. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6dt00257a.

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15

Weng, Wenjian, Zishang Ding, Yiming Mao, and Feipeng Zhang. "The gelation behaviour of copper ethoxide." Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids 147-148 (January 1992): 102–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0022-3093(05)80601-5.

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16

Hachfeld, Edward A., Young-Joo Kim, and Lorraine Falter Francis. "Dip coating of titanium ethoxide solutions." Materials Letters 18, no. 3 (1993): 141–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-577x(93)90114-d.

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17

Van Bommel, M. J., and T. N. M. Bernards. "Spin coating of titanium ethoxide solutions." Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology 8, no. 1-3 (1997): 459–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02436882.

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18

Brar, Loveleen K., Gourav Singla, and O. P. Pandey. "Evolution of structural and thermal properties of carbon-coated TaC nanopowder synthesized by single step reduction of Ta-ethoxide." RSC Advances 5, no. 2 (2015): 1406–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4ra12105h.

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19

Svoboda, Jiří, Miloslav Nič, and Jaroslav Paleček. "Application of Magnesium Alkoxides to Syntheses of Benzoheterocyclic Compounds." Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 58, no. 3 (1993): 592–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/cccc19930592.

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The Dieckmann condensation of methyl [(2-methoxycarbonyl)phenyl]-X-acetates Ia-Ih (X = O, S, SO2, NH, NCH3) initiated by action of magnesium methoxide, ethoxide, isopropoxide and other basic reagents have been studied under various conditions. Whereas magnesium methoxide has comparable efficiency as sodium methoxide and potassium tert-butoxide in syntheses of benzoheterocyclic compounds IIa-IIh, magnesium ethoxide gives the ethyl ester IIb in medium yield, and magnesium isopropoxide is quite inefficient in the condensation reaction. The alkylation of the esters IIa, IId, and IIg with methyl ch

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20

Lari, G. M., K. Desai, C. Mondelli, and J. Pérez-Ramírez. "Selective dehydrogenation of bioethanol to acetaldehyde over basic USY zeolites." Catalysis Science & Technology 6, no. 8 (2016): 2706–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5cy02020d.

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Alkali-activated zeolites are active, selective and stable catalysts for ethanol dehydrogenation to acetaldehyde. Molecular oxygen eases hydrogen abstraction from the adsorbed ethoxide intermediate boosting the catalytic performance.

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21

Yogo, Toshinobu, Kouichi Banno, Wataru Sakamoto, and Shin-ichi Hirano. "Synthesis of a KNbO3 particle/polymer hybrid from metalorganics." Journal of Materials Research 18, no. 7 (2003): 1679–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2003.0230.

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A nanocrystalline KNbO3 particle/polymer hybrid was synthesized through controlled hydrolysis and polymerization of metalorganics below 100 °C. A KNbO3 precursor was synthesized from potassium ethoxide, niobium ethoxide, and acetoacetoxyethyl methacrylate. The K–Nb alkoxide precursor was hydrolyzed and polymerized yielding KNbO3 particle/polymer hybrid. The organic matrix included nanometer-sized crystalline particles depending upon the hydrolysis conditions. The nanocrystalline particles were identified to be potassium niobate by electron diffraction and energy dispersive x-ray analysis. The

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22

Nakagawa, Keizo, Tiantian Jia, Weiran Zheng, et al. "Enhanced photocatalytic hydrogen evolution from water by niobate single molecular sheets and ensembles." Chem. Commun. 50, no. 89 (2014): 13702–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4cc04726e.

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23

Mercado-Marin, Eduardo V., Pratik Rajesh Chheda, Andrea Faulkner, and Diane Carrera. "Magnesium ethoxide mediated lactone aminolysis with aminoheterocycles." Tetrahedron Letters 61, no. 9 (2020): 151552. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tetlet.2019.151552.

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24

Seisenbaeva, Gulaim A., Suresh Gohil, Evgeniya V. Suslova, Tatiana V. Rogova, Nataliya Ya Turova, and Vadim G. Kessler. "The synthesis of iron (III) ethoxide revisited: Characterization of the metathesis products of iron (III) halides and sodium ethoxide." Inorganica Chimica Acta 358, no. 12 (2005): 3506–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ica.2005.03.048.

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25

Yang, Sheng Hai, Guo Feng Huo, Jiao Yun Xia, and Hai Ping Yang. "Electrochemical Synthesis of Zirconium Ethoxide and the Electrochemical Behaviors of Zirconium in the Process." Advanced Materials Research 266 (June 2011): 275–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.266.275.

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Zirconium ethoxide was synthesized by direct electrochemical reaction of anhydrous ethanol with sacrificial zirconium anode in the presence of tetraethylammonium chlorides (Et4NCl) as a conductive agent. The samples of products were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectra (FT-IR) and Proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-NMR). The experiment results show that direct electrochemical synthesis of zirconium ethoxide has high current efficiency and abundant synthetic product compared with the conventional chemical methods. The behaviors of Zr in Et4NCl ethanol solutions we

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26

Satchell, Derek P. N., Rosemary S. Satchell, and Wasfy N. Wassef. "The Kinetics and Mechanism of Addition of Water and Alcohols to p-Nitrophenyl Isothiocyanate. The Effects of Added Dimethyl Sulphoxide." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 45, no. 7 (1990): 1032–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-1990-0721.

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The second order-rate constants for the addition of water and ethanol to p-nitrophenyl isothiocyanate are larger in dimethyl sulphoxide solution than in pure water or ethanol. The detailed behaviour over a wide composition range suggests that H-bonding by the hydroxylic reactant to the solvent favours reaction, whereas H-bonding to this reactant retards reaction. The behaviour and relative reactivities of isocyanates and isothiocyanates suggest that protontransfer concurrent with nucleophilic attack at carbon, is less important in additions of hydroxylic compounds to isothiocyanates than to is

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27

Ferber, PH, GE Gream, and TI Stoneman. "The 9-Decalyl and Related cations VII. Solvolysis of 3-(Cyclohex-1′-enyloxy)propyl p-Nitrobenzenesulfonate." Australian Journal of Chemistry 38, no. 5 (1985): 699. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch9850699.

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The solvolysis of 3-(cyclohex-1′-enyloxy) propyl p- nitrobenzenesulfonate (5) in ethanol buffered separately with sodium ethoxide and triethylamine and 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol buffered with triethylamine has been investigated. Kinetic determinations and product studies have been carried out. In ethanol buffered with sodium ethoxide , π-bond participation in the above ester occurs to the extent of 30%; this is raised to 84% when triethylamine is used as the buffering agent. With buffered trifluoroethanol as solvent, π-bond participation in the ester is complete; kunsat/ksat = 920 and a quantitat

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28

Phulé, Pradeep P., Thomas A. Deis, and David G. Dindiger. "Low temperature synthesis of ultrafine LiTaO3 powders." Journal of Materials Research 6, no. 7 (1991): 1567–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1991.1567.

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Controlled chemical polymerization of tantalum ethoxide in the presence of glacial acetic acid (HOAc/Alk. = 16) and solubilized lithium acetate (Li/Ta = 1.00, H2O/Alk. = 55.55) was used for the preparation of an amorphous gel precursor to LiTaO3. Although additional investigations are required, the results suggest that successful formation of amorphous gel network, as opposed to that of colloidal tantalum (hydrous) oxide, may be due to the generation of a new organotantalum precursor via a structural modification reaction between the tantalum ethoxide and glacial acetic acid. The evolution of

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29

Mohd Hizam, Sara Maira, and Mohamed Shuaib Mohamed Saheed. "Facile Electrochemical Approach Based on Hydrogen-Bonded MOFs-Derived Tungsten Ethoxide/Polypyrrole-Reduced GO Nanocrystal for ppb Level Ammonium Ions Detection." Chemosensors 11, no. 3 (2023): 201. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/chemosensors11030201.

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Ammonium (NH4+) ions are a primary contaminant in the river and along the waterside near an agricultural area, therefore, necessitating sensitive detection of pollutants before irreversibly damaging environment. Herein, a new approach of metal-organic framework-derived tungsten ethoxide/polypyrrole-reduced graphene oxide (MOFs-W(OCH2CH3)6/Ppy-rGO) electrochemical sensors are introduced. Through a simple hydrothermal process, Ppy-rGO is linked to tungsten ethoxide as an organic linker. This creates the MOFs-W(OCH2CH3)6/Ppy-rGO nanocrystal through hydrogen bonding. The synergistic combination of

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30

James, Joanne H., Michael E. Peach, and Charles R. Williams. "Reactions of some fluoroaromatics with the ethoxide anion." Journal of Fluorine Chemistry 27, no. 1 (1985): 91–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0022-1139(00)80901-x.

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31

Yoo, Seung-Joon, Ho-Sung Yoon, Hee Dong Jang, et al. "Synthesis of aluminum ethoxide from used aluminum cans." Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering 24, no. 5 (2007): 872–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11814-007-0057-z.

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32

Feng, Guo, Wei Hui Jiang, Jian Min Liu, et al. "Low-Temperature Synthesis of Magnesium-Stabilized Aluminum Titanate Powder via Non-Hydrolytic Sol-Gel Method." Materials Science Forum 848 (March 2016): 319–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.848.319.

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Magnesium-stabilized aluminum titanate powder was prepared via non-hydrolytic sol-gel method using titanium tetrachloride and anhydrous aluminium chloride as precursors, anhydrous ethanol as the oxygen donor, magnesium powder, magnesium fluoride, magnesium ethoxide and anhydrous magnesium acetate as stabilizers. The effect of magnesium stabilizers on low temperature synthesis of aluminum titanate was investigated, and their role and mechanism in stabilizing aluminum titanate were also studied by XRD, FT-IR and thermal expansion dilatometer. The results show that introducing magnesium powder or

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33

Nakano, Hiromi, and Yoko Suyama. "In Situ TEM Observation of Crystallization Process for LiNbO₃ and NaNbO₃." Advances in Science and Technology 63 (October 2010): 47–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ast.63.47.

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Fabrication of advanced electronic components requires high-quality powders. In this work, nano-powders of Li or Na niobates are synthesized from (Li or Na)-Nb ethoxide by a sol-crystal method. A single crystal of (Li or Na)-Nb ethoxide is decomposed to an amorphous matrix below 473 K. Next, small crystals are grown by heating at the appropriate temperature for each specimen. The sol-crystal method provides homogeneous quality and fine grains by heating at lower temperature. Structural analysis of the powders is performed by a transmission electron microscope (TEM) and X-ray diffraction. As a

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34

Ramaiah, Manjunatha M., Nanjunda Swamy Shivananju, and Priya Babu Shubha. "A Facile, Efficient and Solvent-Free Titanium (IV) Ethoxide Catalysed Knoevenagel Condensation of Aldehydes and Active Methylenes." Letters in Organic Chemistry 17, no. 2 (2020): 107–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1570178616666190401194641.

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: Titanium ethoxide has been employed as a novel and efficient reagent for the Knoevenagel condensation of aldehydes with active methylenes such as diethyl malonate and ethyl cyanoacetate under solvent free conditions to afford substituted olefins in high to excellent yields. The reaction is suitable for a variety of aromatic, aliphatic and heteroaromatic aldehydes with various active methylenes. Parallel to this, microwave irradiation has been utilized to achieve improved reaction rates and enhanced yields. Herein, we illustrated a convenient method for the preparation of α,β-unsaturated comp

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35

Haggam, Reda Ahmed, Mohamed Gomma Assy, Mohamed Hassan Sherif, and Mohamed Mohamed Galahom. "A series of 1,3-imidazoles and triazole-3-thiones based thiophene-2-carboxamides as anticancer agents: Synthesis and anticancer activity." European Journal of Chemistry 9, no. 2 (2018): 99–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.5155/eurjchem.9.2.99-106.1701.

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By addition of semicarbazide or phenylhydrazine hydrochloride to thienoylisothiocyanate (1) resulted in building of thiosemicarbazide derivative (2), triazole derivative (4) and thiophene-2-carboxamide (5), respectively. Basic cyclization of compound 2 led to formation of oxadiazine (3). Synthesis of thiadiazine derivative (6) was achieved via reaction of compound 5 and maleic anhydride in triethyl amine. Heating of compound 5 with ethyl chloroacetate or sodium ethoxide produced thiadiazine derivative (7) and triazolethione (8), respectively. Thiosemicarbazide derivative 11 was synthesized by

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36

Barou, Odile, Norbert Laroche, Sabine Palle, Christian Alexandre, and Marie-Hélène Lafage–Proust. "Pre-osteoblastic Proliferation Assessed with BrdU in Undecalcified, Epon-embedded Adult Rat Trabecular Bone." Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry 45, no. 9 (1997): 1189–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002215549704500902.

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We evaluated bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) immunohistochemistry in undecal-cified adult rat tibiae to study cell kinetics in various bone compartments: primary and secondary spongiosae, periosteum, and bone marrow. Several regimens of BrdU administration were tested (IP injections and osmotic minipumps). We compared LR White resin, methylmethacrylate, and Epon–araldite embedding, microwave irradiation for antigen retrieval, several concentrations of sodium ethoxide for deplastification, and various DNA de-naturation procedures. Paraffin-embedded decalcified tibiae and Epon-embedded bowel were used

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37

Adlere, I., A. Krauze, and G. Duburs. "Synthesis of 3-Unsubstituted 4-Aryl-4,7-Dihydrothieno[2,3-b]Pyridine-2,5-Dicarboxylates / 3-Neaizvietotu 4-Aril-4,7-Dihidrotiēno[2,3-B]Piridīn-2,5-Dikarbonskābes Esteru Sintēze." Latvian Journal of Chemistry 51, no. 3 (2012): 257–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10161-012-0009-8.

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Novel 3-unsubstituted 4,7-dihydrothieno[2,3-b]pyridines were prepared by heterocyclization of methyl acetoacetate, an aromatic aldehyde and Meldrum’s acid in the presence of ammonium acetate in glacial acetic acid, followed by treatment of formed intermediates - pyridones with Wilsmeier-Haack reagent and with ethyl mercaptoacetate in the presence of sodium ethoxide in dry ethanol.

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38

YANG, Sheng-hai, Yong-ming CHEN, Hai-ping YANG, Yin-yuan LIU, Mo-tang TANG, and Guan-zhou QIU. "Preparation of high-purity tantalum ethoxide by vacuum distillation." Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 18, no. 1 (2008): 196–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1003-6326(08)60035-7.

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39

Kirkwood, D. A., and A. J. Stace. "Infrared and collision-induced fragmentation of iron ethoxide cations." International Journal of Mass Spectrometry and Ion Processes 171, no. 1-3 (1997): 39–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0168-1176(97)00024-4.

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40

Chandran, K., M. Kamruddin, P. K. Ajikumar, A. Gopalan, and V. Ganesan. "Kinetics of thermal decomposition of sodium methoxide and ethoxide." Journal of Nuclear Materials 358, no. 2-3 (2006): 111–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2006.07.003.

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41

Cai, Ya-nan, Sheng-hai Yang, Sheng-ming Jin, Hai-ping Yang, Guo-feng Hou, and Jiao-yun Xia. "Electrochemical synthesis, characterization and thermal properties of niobium ethoxide." Journal of Central South University of Technology 18, no. 1 (2011): 73–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11771-011-0661-2.

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42

Gupta, V. K., S. Satish, and I. S. Bhardwaj. "Magnesium-Ethoxide-Based Titanium Catalysts for Polymerization of Propylene." Journal of Macromolecular Science, Part A 31, no. 4 (1994): 451–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10601329408545297.

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43

Gupta, V. K., S. Satish, and I. S. Bhardwaj. "Magnesium-Ethoxide-Based Titanium Catalysts for Polymerization of Propylene." Journal of Macromolecular Science, Part A 31, no. 4 (1994): 451–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10601329409351531.

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44

Rubel, Glenn O. "The dynamics of titanium ethoxide‐doped dodecane droplet microencapsulation." Journal of Applied Physics 64, no. 5 (1988): 2742–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.341617.

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45

Veverka, Miroslav, and Miroslav Marchalín. "Addition-cyclization reactions of ethyl isothiocyanatoacetate with carboxylic acid hydrazides." Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 52, no. 1 (1987): 113–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/cccc19870113.

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Ethyl (3-substituted 5-thioxo-1,2,4-triazolin-4-yl)acetates were prepared by addition-cyclization reaction of ethyl isothiocyanatoacetate with carboxylic acid hydrazides in the presence of sodium ethoxide. Thermal cyclization of the adduct in dimethylformamide afforded 1-acetamido-2-thiohydantoin. The effect of substituents on the cyclization course and the thione-thiol tautomerism are discussed.

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46

Hayes, RN, JC Sheldon, JH Bowie, and DE Lewis. "Elimination of Molecular Hydrogen and Methane from Collision-Activated Alkoxide Negative Ions in the gas Phase. An ab initio and Isotope Effect Study." Australian Journal of Chemistry 38, no. 8 (1985): 1197. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch9851197.

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Ab initio calculations indicate that the collisional induced losses of molecular hydrogen from the ethoxide negative ion and methane from the t- butoxide negative ion to be stepwise processes in which the key intermediates are [H-… MeCHO ] and [Me-…Me2CO] respectively. Deuterium kinetic isotope effects observed for these and other alkoxide negative ions are in accord with the operation of a stepwise reaction.

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47

Mcfadden, HG, and JL Huppatz. "Synthesis of 4,6-Dialkylpyrimidine-5-carbonitriles." Australian Journal of Chemistry 45, no. 6 (1992): 1045. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch9921045.

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4,6-Dialkylpyrimidine-5-carbonitriles were synthesized from 2-(1-ethoxyalkylidine)-3-oxoalkane-nitriles and bidentate nucleophiles such as thiourea in the presence of sodium ethoxide. The synthesis was found to be limited to dialkylpyrimidines where both alkyl groups contained between one and three carbons. Subsequent derivatization of the 2-thioxo function provides scope for the synthesis of a variety of novel pyrimidines.

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48

Liao, Liang, and Didier Villemin. "A Rapid and Efficient One-Pot Synthesis of Substituted 2-(5H)-furanones under focused microwave irradiations." Journal of Chemical Research 2000, no. 4 (2000): 179–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.3184/030823400103166869.

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3-Hydroxy-3-methyl-2-butanone 1 reacted with ethyl cyanocetate in 2 in the presence of sodium ethoxide under focused microwave irradiations to afford 3-cyano-4,5,5-trimethyl-2-( 5H)-furanone 3. Furanone 3 then condensed with aromatic or heteroaromatic aldehydes 4a–h to produce 3-cyano-4-( trans-aryl-vinyl)-5,5-dimethyl-2-( 5H)-furanones 5a–h in high overall yields (71–88%).

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49

NAKANO, Hiromi, Tsuyoshi YANO, and Yoko SUYAMA. "Microstructural Evolution During Crystallization of Ba5Nb4O15 from Ba-Nb Ethoxide." Journal of the Ceramic Society of Japan 113, no. 1313 (2005): 59–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.2109/jcersj.113.59.

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50

Beske, Maurice, Lukas Tapmeyer, and Martin U. Schmidt. "Crystal structure of sodium ethoxide (C2H5ONa), unravelled after 180 years." Chemical Communications 56, no. 24 (2020): 3520–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9cc08907a.

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