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Journal articles on the topic 'Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid root canal irrigants passive ultrasonic irrigation'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 1 August 2025

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1

Kholboeva, Nasiba Asrorovna, and Shokhrukh Baxrom Ugli Jumaev. "METHODS OF CHEMICAL EXPANSION OF ROOT CANALS." Multidisciplinary Journal of Science and Technology 4, no. 4 (2024): 391–94. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11099288.

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Chemical expansion techniques are integral to the success of root canal therapy, enhancing cleaning, shaping, and disinfection. This article explores prominent methods including sodium hypochlorite irrigation, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) chelation, passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI), sonic irrigation, and laser-activated irrigation (LAI). Sodium hypochlorite's antimicrobial properties dissolve organic matter, while EDTA chelates calcium ions, removing the smear layer. PUI utilizes ultrasonic energy for enhanced debris removal, while sonic and LAI employ sonic and laser energy, resp

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Shekhar, Shivangi, P. Laxmish Mallya, Vasudev Ballal, and Ramya Shenoy. "To evaluate and compare the effect of 17% EDTA, 10% citric acid, 7% maleic acid on the dentinal tubule penetration depth of bio ceramic root canal sealer using confocal laser scanning microscopy: an in vitro study." F1000Research 11 (December 22, 2022): 1561. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.127091.1.

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Background: The main factors that affect the success of an endodontic infection are effective cleaning and shaping of the root canal system including complete disinfection by using chemical irrigating solutions and obturation with an endodontic sealer to provide a fluid-tight seal. Using rotary and hand instruments for shaping and cleaning the root canal along with irrigants produces a smear layer on the surface of root dentin affecting the penetration of the endodontic sealer into the dentinal tubules. This smear is difficult to remove with the use of only endodontic irrigants, hence, chelati

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Shekhar, Shivangi, P. Laxmish Mallya, Vasudev Ballal, and Ramya Shenoy. "To evaluate and compare the effect of 17% EDTA, 10% citric acid, 7% maleic acid on the dentinal tubule penetration depth of bio ceramic root canal sealer using confocal laser scanning microscopy: an in vitro study." F1000Research 11 (February 24, 2023): 1561. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.127091.2.

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Background: The main factors that affect the success of an endodontic infection are effective cleaning and shaping of the root canal system including complete disinfection by using chemical irrigating solutions and obturation with an endodontic sealer to provide a fluid-tight seal. Using rotary and hand instruments for shaping and cleaning the root canal along with irrigants produces a smear layer on the surface of the root dentin affecting the penetration of the endodontic sealer into the dentinal tubules. This smear is difficult to remove with the use of only endodontic irrigants, hence, che

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Abdulwahab, Maha A., Lama A. Alghamdi, Nawaf A. Alshamrani, et al. "Advantages and application of ultrasonic irrigation in endodontics." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 9, no. 1 (2021): 343. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20214813.

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In the current practice, evidence shows that the currently used irrigant solutions (including sodium hypochlorite combined with and without chlorhexidine or ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid) cannot achieve full cleaning outcomes of the root canal. Accordingly, recent approaches were directed to innovate more efficacious modalities that can overcome the limitations of manual instrumentation and irrigation solutions. In this context, ultrasonic irrigation has been described in the literature as a favorable approach with significantly enhanced outcomes. We have provided evidence regarding the use

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Álvarez-Sagües, Alejandro, Nerea Herce, Ulises Amador, et al. "Efficacy of EDTA and HEDP Chelators in the Removal of Mature Biofilm of Enterococcus faecalis by PUI and XPF File Activation." Dentistry Journal 9, no. 4 (2021): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/dj9040041.

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Background: Biofilm removal from the root canal during endodontic treatment is necessary to prevent further complications. Irrigation is essential to success. Several irrigants have been proposed without a proper comparison. The aim of the study is to compare the antibacterial capacity of different activated irrigants using passive ultrasonic activation (PUI) or XP-Endo finisher (XPF). Methods: A total of 100 instrumented teeth were incubated in an Eppendorf tube containing 0.5 McFarland of Enterococcus faecalis and incubated for 2 weeks at 37 °C. Roots were divided into 5 groups (n = 20) acco

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Li, Ying, Zhengyang Wang, Pingping Bao, et al. "Cleaning and Disinfecting Oval-Shaped Root Canals: Ex Vivo Evaluation of Three Rotary Instrumentation Systems with Passive Ultrasonic Irrigation." Medicina 59, no. 5 (2023): 962. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina59050962.

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Background and Objectives: Successful root canal treatment depends on the thorough removal of biofilms through chemomechanical preparation. This study aimed to investigate and compare the cleaning and disinfecting efficiency of oval-shaped root canals using XP-endo Shaper (XPS), ProTaper Next (PTN), and HyFlex CM (HCM) in combination with passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI). Materials and Methods: Ninety extracted teeth were contaminated and randomly divided into three groups: XPS, PTN, and HCM. Each group was assigned to three subgroups: subgroup A (sterile saline), subgroup B (3% sodium hypo

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Dioguardi, Mario, Vito Crincoli, Diego Sovereto, et al. "Effectiveness of Vapor Lock Effect Removal in Endo Training Blocks: Manual Dynamic Agitation versus Passive Ultrasonic Irrigation." Applied Sciences 9, no. 24 (2019): 5411. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9245411.

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Root canal cleaning plays an important role in endodontics. In most cases, root canal cleaning is performed using irrigants, such as sodium hypochlorite or EDTA (ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid). The efficacy of these irrigants may be compromised by different phenomena, such as vapor lock. Different methods can be used to overcome this problem; in this paper, we compare the efficacy of two such methods: manual dynamic agitation (MDA) and passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI). We shaped 50 endo training blocks, which were divided into two groups of 25 samples each, into MDA or PUI groups. In both

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Awati, Aishwarya Sanjay, Neha S. Dhaded, Siddhesh Mokal, and Preeti Kore Doddwad. "Analysis of the depth of penetration of an epoxy resin-based sealer following a final rinse of irrigants and use of activation systems: An in vitro study." Journal of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics 27, no. 1 (2024): 87–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jcde.jcde_221_23.

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Abstract Objective: The objective of the study was to compare and evaluate the depth of penetration of an epoxy resin-based sealer following a final rinse of 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and 18% 1-hydroxyethylidene 1, 1-diphosphonate (HEDP), with diode laser and passive ultrasonic activation (PUI): an in vitro confocal laser scanning microscopy study. Materials and Methods: Fifty-two extracted human mandibular premolar teeth with single root and single canal were selected. They were disinfected in 0.1% thymol solution, cleaned of calculus and soft tissues, and stored in 0.1% thym

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Behl, Mansi, Sonali Taneja, and Vidhi Kiran Bhalla. "Comparative evaluation of novel chelating agents for retrievability of intracanal calcium hydroxide using different irrigation protocols: An in vitro study." Endodontology 35, no. 3 (2023): 238–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/endo.endo_253_22.

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ABSTRACT Aim: The aim of the study is to evaluate and compare the efficacy of glycolic acid (GA), phytic acid, chitosan nanoparticles, and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) for the removal of intracanal calcium hydroxide (Ca [OH] 2) dressing using needle irrigation and passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI). Materials and Methods: Seventy-two mandibular premolars were decoronated and roots were prepared to apical size 30. Ca(OH)2 paste was filled in the canals and samples were stored for 1 week after which they were irrigated using different irrigants and irrigation techniques. The residual

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Jung Franciscatto, Gisele, Giampiero Rossi-Fedele, Manuela Favarin Santini, Mariana De Carlo Bello, Minéia Weber Blattes, and Carlos Alexandre Souza Bier. "The use of chelating agents with passive ultrasonic irrigation enhances root canal filling sealing ability." Investigación Clínica 62, no. 2 (2021): 132–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.22209/ic.v62n2a04.

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The aim of this study was to compare the influence of a final rinse with and without passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI), using 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) or 10% citric acid (CA), with 2.5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) with PUI, on the sealing ability of root canal fillings. Root canal instrumentation was performed in single-rooted premolars using NaOCl as the irrigant. Subsequently, the roots were randomly allocated into four experimental groups (n=23): EDTA+PUI, EDTA, CA+PUI, CA and control group: NaOCl+PUI. The specimens were root-filled using gutta-percha with a resin-based

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Degirmencioglu, Duygu, Şeyda Erşahan, Yelda Erdem Hepsenoglu, Erhan Erkan, Mustafa Gundogar, and Kadir Sagir. "The influence of cavity configuration and irrigation activation on root canal smear removal—an in vitro study." PeerJ 13 (July 8, 2025): e19678. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.19678.

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Background Effective root canal therapy (RCT) depends on proper disinfection rather than complete sterilization of the root canal system. The smear layer created during instrumentation can inhibit disinfection, and its removal is crucial for successful treatment. Recently, various irrigant activation methods, including shock wave enhanced emission photoacoustic streaming (SWEEPS), passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI), sonic activation (SA), and syringe irrigation (SI), have been developed to enhance cleaning efficacy. Sterilization of the root canal system is crucial for successful root canal t

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Dioguardi, Mario, Giovanni Di Gioia, Gaetano Illuzzi, Enrica Laneve, Armando Cocco, and Giuseppe Troiano. "Endodontic irrigants: Different methods to improve efficacy and related problems." European Journal of Dentistry 12, no. 03 (2018): 459–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/ejd.ejd_56_18.

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ABSTRACTShaping and cleaning a root canal system along with the preservation of the surrounding periodontal tissues are the principal goals of an endodontic treatment. While most of the attention is paid to the mechanical aspects of a root canal treatment, an essential feature of it is the irrigation. All over the years, many materials have been used to clean the root canal of a tooth, and certainly, the sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid solutions are the most used and most reliable ones. Putting them inside of a canal is mostly done using a normal syringe, but ma

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Damade, Yogesh, Ramchandra Kabir, Sunanda Gaddalay, et al. "Root canal debridement efficacy of heated sodium hypochlorite in conjunction with passive ultrasonic agitation: An ex vivo study." Journal of Dental Research, Dental Clinics, Dental Prospects 14, no. 4 (2020): 235–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.34172/joddd.2020.040.

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Background. This study aimed to investigate the endodontic debridement efficacy of different sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) irrigation regimens with and without ultrasonic agitation, followed by ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) via scanning electron microscopy (SEM) after using a rotary instrumentation system. Methods. Mandibular premolars (n=50) were randomly divided into five experimental groups (n=10) for root canal instrumentation with ProTaper Universal rotary system up to F3. The root canal system was treated with intracanal-heated NaOCl (100°C) or preheated NaOCl (55°C), followed by

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Suprabha, BS. "Effectiveness of Ultrasonic and Manual Dynamic Agitation Techniques in Irrigant Penetration: An in vitro Study." World Journal of Dentistry 8, no. 3 (2017): 207–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10015-1439.

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ABSTRACT Aim The aim is to compare the extent of irrigant penetration into root canals up to the working length and in simulated lateral canals after passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI) and manual dynamic agitation (MDA). Materials and methods Root canals of 36 single-rooted extracted teeth were shaped using rotary files. Irrigation was done with 5.25% sodium hypochlorite and 17% ethylenediaminetetraaceticacid. Teeth were decalcified in 5% nitric acid. Lateral canals were created by inserting 10 K-files and then, the teeth were cleared using methyl salicylate. Samples were randomly divided int

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Gunec, Gurkan, Faruk Haznedaroglu, Guven Kulekci, Nursen Bakir Topcuoglu, and Mutlu Özcan. "Comparison of different final irrigant agitation techniques for the removal of Enterococcus faecalis biofilms from root canals: an in vitro study." Brazilian Dental Science 21, no. 4 (2018): 386. http://dx.doi.org/10.14295/bds.2018.v21i4.1599.

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<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this in vitro study was to compare the effectiveness of different final irrigant agitation techniques in the removal of <em>Enterococcus faecalis</em> biofilms from root canals. <strong>Material and Methods:</strong> In total, the root canals of 85 extracted single-rooted human maxillary incisors teeth were prepared using the Revo-S system to a 40/06 size. The apical foramen of each tooth was sealed by light-cured resin composite material to obstruct bacterial leakage. The specimens were sterilized in an autocl

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Dedania, Meetkumar S., Sankalp Mahajan, Nimisha Shah, Vishnu Pratap Singh Rathore, and Anuja Bhavsar. "A Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) Based Evaluation of Effectiveness of Chloroquick, 7% Maleic Acid, and Conventional Multistep Irrigating Solutions with Passive Ultrasonics in Removal of Root Canal Smear Layer." Journal of Advances in Medicine and Medical Research 35, no. 22 (2023): 368–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/jammr/2023/v35i225275.

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Aim: The aim of this study was to compare and evaluate the effectiveness of three different irrigation solutions, namely Chloroquick, maleic acid, and a multi-step irrigation solution when used in combination with ultrasonics for the removal of smear layers in endodontic procedures. Materials and Methods: Sixty single-rooted teeth that had been freshly extracted were gathered, disinfected, and stored in distilled water. To ensure uniform root length, each tooth was coronally removed below the Cementoenamel Junction (CEJ). The working length was meticulously determined, and F3 Protaper ro

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Plazza, Flávia A., Renan Dal-Fabbro, Leopoldo Cosme-Silva, et al. "Effectiveness of Passive Ultrasonic Irrigation Protocols in Simulated Complex Root Canal Cavities." Oral 3, no. 1 (2022): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/oral3010001.

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This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of different Passive Ultrasonic Irrigation (PUI) protocols on debris removal and exposure of dentinal tubules in simulated complex root canal cavities. Twenty single-rooted human mandibular premolars with simulated root canal cavities were filled with the debris and randomly divided into ten groups based on the final irrigation protocol: 1—positive control; 2—negative control; 3—conventional irrigation (CI) with 2.5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl); 4—CI with 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) followed by NaOCl; 5—three cycles of PUI for 20 s

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Macedo, Helena Suleiman de, Danielle Cristine Furtado Messias, Fuad Jacob Rached-Júnior, Ligia Teixeira de Oliveira, Yara Teresinha Correa Silva-Sousa, and Walter Raucci-Neto. "1064-nm Nd:YAG and 980-nm Diode Laser EDTA Agitation on the Retention of an Epoxy-Based Sealer to Root Dentin." Brazilian Dental Journal 27, no. 4 (2016): 424–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0103-6440201601006.

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Abstract Root canal irrigants are used to minimize the negative effects of smear layer on endodontic sealer retention. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of agitation of 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) with ultrasonic, 1064-nm Nd:YAG and 980-nm diode laser on the retention of an epoxy-based sealer to the root canal walls. Forty single-rooted bovine teeth were instrumented with ProTaper rotary system and divided into four groups according to the final irrigation protocol (n = 10): (1) 17% EDTA (control); (2) 17% EDTA with 50-s ultrasonic agitation; (3) 17% EDTA with 5

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Sebastian, Nikita, T. S. Ashwini, B. Mahendran, and H. K. Sowmya. "Evaluation and comparison of the efficiency of ultrasonically activated intracanal irrigants grapeseed and pineapple extract in removing smear layer from the apical third of the root canal: An in vitro SEM analysis." Endodontology 36, no. 3 (2024): 251–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/endo.endo_129_23.

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ABSTRACT Aim: This study aims to evaluate and compare the efficiency of grapeseed and pineapple extract in removing smear layer from the apical third of root canal, with and without ultrasonic activation. Methods: Eighty single-rooted permanent teeth were divided into two main groups: Group I: conventional syringe irrigation and Group II: ultrasonic activation. Each group was subdivided into two experimental groups, i.e. grapeseed and pineapple extract and one control group, i.e., 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA). For each subgroup, instrumentation was done using ProTaper Gold up to

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Bakthavatchalam, Balakrishnan, Muthukrishnan Sudharshana Ranjani, Krishnan Amudhalakshmi, and Subramanian Dhanalakshmi. "Comparative evaluation of canal cleanliness at apical third using Self-Adjusting File and Wave One File with different irrigants: an in vitro scanning electron microscopic study." Medicine and Pharmacy Reports 96, no. 1 (2023): 79–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.15386/mpr-2238.

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Aim. To evaluate the cleaning ability of two single-file rotary systems- Self-Adjusting File (SAF) and Wave one (WO) systems in removing the smear layer using sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) + ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) and NaOCl + Qmix as irrigants at apical one-third of the root canal. Methods. Forty extracted human mandibular premolars were selected and working length was determined. The canal was manually instrumented up to a number 25 size K-file. The roots were divided into the following groups with 10 samples each – Group 1 using SAF: Group 1a- 3% NaOCl + 17% EDTA, Group

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Al-Jadwaa, Fanar Turki, Nadia Modhafer Ahmed Alshakir, Saif Nadhim Hassoon, and Nawal Atiya Al-Sabawi. "Influence of Various Chelating Irrigating Solutions and Protocols on the Micro-hardness and Surface Roughness of Root Dentin." Journal of International Society of Preventive and Community Dentistry 15, no. 3 (2025): 275–83. https://doi.org/10.4103/jispcd.jispcd_7_25.

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Abstract Aim: Effective irrigants and chemo-mechanical debridement are critical for successful endodontic therapy. However, use of irrigating solutions can significantly alter the physical properties of root canal dentin, particularly its micro-hardness (MH) and surface roughness (SR). This study evaluated and compared the effects of three final chelating irrigants—0.5% chitosan nanoparticle solution (CNPs), 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), and 10% citric acid (CA)—with and without ultrasonic (US) activation on the MH and SR of radicular dentin, aiming for informed clinical endodont

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Datla, Venkata Divya Durga, Lakshman Varma Uppalapati, Hema Prakash Kumari Pilli, et al. "Effect of ultrasonic and Er,Cr:YSGG laser-activated irrigation protocol on dual-species root canal biofilm removal: An in vitro study." Journal of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics 27, no. 6 (2024): 613–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jcde.jcde_126_24.

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Abstract Aim: The aim of the study was to investigate the disinfecting efficacy of a standardized irrigating solution activated by ultrasonics or laser irradiation on mature dual-species biofilms at different root levels in vitro. Materials and Methods: Conventional access cavity preparations were done on 160 single-rooted mandibular premolar teeth with single canals. Freshly extracted oral microbial strains of Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus mutans, Enterococcus faecalis, and Candida albicans after biochemical confirmation were used to generate two discrete dual-species microbial inoculu

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Shetty, Madhavi A. "Effects of Different Final Irrigating Solutions on Depth of Sealer Penetration into Dentinal Tubules: An in vitro Confocal Laser Microscopic Study." Journal of Operative Dentistry & Endodontics 2, no. 2 (2017): 69–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10047-0040.

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ABSTRACT Aim To evaluate the maximum depth of sealer penetration into dentinal tubules at the coronal, middle, and apical third of root canals, following the use of different final irrigation solutions. Materials and methods Eighty freshly extracted mandibular premolars were selected for the study. After decoronation, instrumentation of samples was done using Protaper universal rotary file system till F4. During shaping and cleaning of root canal, 5.25% concentration of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) was used for irrigation. The samples were then randomly divided into four groups (n = 20) dependi

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Batur, Muharrem, Hasret Kılıvan, Merve Yeniçeri Özata, and Güliz Rana Tellioğlu Avcı. "Effects of two different chelation solutions and activation protocols on the push-out bond strength of a bioceramic sealer." Journal of Medical and Dental Investigations 5 (December 4, 2024): e240342. https://doi.org/10.5577/jomdi.e240342.

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Introduction: This study evaluated the effects of glycolic acid (GA) and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) chelation solutions on the push-out bond strength of AH Plus Bioceramic Sealer when activated using passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI) and XP-endo Finisher (XPF) activation protocols. Materials and Methods: A total of 48 similarly sized extracted mandibular premolars were randomly assigned to four groups (n = 12). All canals were prepared using Reciproc (25.08) instruments. Irrigation was performed using 5 ml of 5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) between instruments, totaling 20 ml of N

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Paromita, Mazumdar, and Das. Abiskrita. "COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF SMEAR LAYER REMOVAL USING EDTA, PASSIVE ULTRASONIC IRRIGATION & DIODE LASER: A SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPIC STUDY." March 17, 2018. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1237576.

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Aim: To evaluate the efficacy of smear layer removal from the root canals using EDTA, passive ultrasonic irrigation , diode laser during endodontic therapy. Materials and method: 30 extracted human mandibular first premolar teeth were selected. Access cavity preparation was done. Working length was determined Instrumentation was initiated with ISO hand files no. 15 k file upto 20 k file followed by protaper rotary files upto size F3. 2ml NaOcl was used as an irrigant after every instrumentation followed by a rinse with 3ml of distilled water. Samples were divided into three groups (group I-EDT

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Ajmi, Norah Fahad Al, May Khalid Alshenaifi, Mada Mohammed Binsalem, et al. "Microbial challenges and solutions in root canal therapy." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health, August 9, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20242271.

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Root canal therapy (RCT) faces significant challenges due to microbial invasion and biofilm formation within the root canal system. The intricate anatomy of root canals, including isthmuses, lateral canals, and apical deltas, provides a conducive environment for pathogenic microorganisms, complicating effective disinfection. Key pathogens such as Enterococcus faecalis and Candida albicans are highly resilient, capable of forming biofilms that protect them from antimicrobial agents and host defences. Current antimicrobial strategies in endodontics combine mechanical instrumentation with chemica

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Maiola, Emanuelle Catherine, Letícia Mendes Boppré, Julia Menezes Savaris, et al. "Did in‐between rinsing and agitating with distilled water prevents precipitate formation by the interaction between sodium hypochlorite and chlorhexidine canal irrigants?" Microscopy Research and Technique, October 9, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jemt.24435.

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AbstractThe interaction of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and chlorhexidine gluconate (CHX) produces an orange‐brown precipitate. The present study evaluated the influence of distilled water (H2O) in different irrigation protocols designed to prevent the formation of precipitate with NaOCl and CHX. Fifty canine teeth were instrumented and split longitudinally. The canal was examined with a stereomicroscope and photographed by canal‐thirds. The tooth halves were repositioned and distributed randomly into five groups, according to the final irrigation protocol (n = 10): G1 (control)—Ethylenediamine

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Alshudukhi, Saleh H., Mustafa H. Alattas, Smita D. Dutta, et al. "The Effectiveness of Different Sequences of Irrigation on Root Canal Disinfection: A Microbiological Study." Journal of Pharmacy and Bioallied Sciences, February 28, 2025. https://doi.org/10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_1530_24.

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ABSTRACT Purpose: This study evaluates the effectiveness of different sequences of irrigation using sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) on root canal disinfection, measured through bacterial reduction. Methods: A total of 48 mandibular molars were divided into two groups. Group A received irrigation with NaOCl followed by EDTA, while Group B received EDTA followed by NaOCl. Passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI) was applied in both groups. Bacterial samples were collected at three stages: before chemomechanical preparation (S1), after preparation (S2), and after

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Shinde, Aditya Youvaraj, and Kinnari I. Patil. "Removal of Calcium Hydroxide Medicament from the Apical Root Canal using Different Irrigation Methodologies: A Scanning Electron Microscopy Study." Journal of Pierre Fauchard Academy (India Section), December 5, 2023, 49–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.18311/jpfa/2023/34938.

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Introduction: To evaluate the efficiency of different irrigants and agitation techniques in the removal of calcium hydroxide Ca(OH)2 medicament from the root canal walls. Material and Methods: N=84 mandibular premolars were selected for this study. The root canal of these 84 premolars was cleaned up using the ProTaper rotary system up to the file size F3 and then filled with Ca(OH)2 medicament. For seven days, the root samples were maintained at 37o C and 100% relative humidity. The sample was divided into four groups (n=20 each) using random allocation employing different agitation methods: G

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Mancini, Manuele, Loredana Cerroni, Pietro Palopoli, et al. "FESEM evaluation of smear layer removal from conservatively shaped canals: laser activated irrigation (PIPS and SWEEPS) compared to sonic and passive ultrasonic activation—an ex vivo study." BMC Oral Health 21, no. 1 (2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12903-021-01427-0.

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Abstract Background Irrigation of the pulp space is a mandatory step to get rid of all its organic and inorganic content. Activation of the irrigants play a key role in the era of minimally invasive endodontics. The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of different irrigants activation methods in removing the smear layer at 1, 3, 5 and 8 mm from the apex from conservatively shaped canals. Methods Eighty-five human mandibular premolars were selected. Specimens were shaped to TruShape 25/.06 and divided into 5 groups (1 control and 4 test groups) according to the final activation te

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Ravi, Sriram, Karthick Kumaravadivel, Sankar Vishwanath, Sebeena Mathew, Boopathi Thangavel, and Deepa Natesan Thangaraj. "Evaluation of canal cleanliness of two rotary file systems with different taper systems: An in vitro scanning electron microscopic study." Endodontology, September 13, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/endo.endo_245_23.

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ABSTRACT Aim: This study aims to compare and evaluate the amount of debris and smear layer remaining on the root canal walls prepared with TruNatomy and ProTaper Next files using scanning electron microscope (SEM). Materials and Methods: Sixty freshly extracted maxillary premolar teeth with a single root and oval canals were chosen, and decoronated to a standard length of 15 mm. Samples were randomly divided into three groups (n = 20) and instrumented. Group 1: ProTaper Next files (Dentsply Sirona) till X3, Group 2: Medium-size TruNatomy files (Dentsply Sirona), and Group 3: Gates Glidden dril

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Abbara, Mohammad Tamer, Samar Akil, Omer Hamadah, Hassan Achour, Ghina Mahayni, and Yasser Alsayed Tolibah. "The effect of the irrigant activation protocol on postoperative pain in maxillary incisors with asymptomatic apical periodontitis: A three‐arm randomized clinical trial." Clinical and Experimental Dental Research, October 3, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cre2.786.

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AbstractObjectivesThis study aimed to compare the effects of three irrigation activation systems (IAS) on postoperative pain (PP) in activating three final irrigants: sodium hypochlorite 5.25%, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid 17%, and chlorhexidine 2%.Materials and MethodsThis parallel randomized clinical trial included referred patients with asymptomatic large‐sized apical lesion incisors. A standard method was followed in the canal cleaning and shaping for all included patients in the study. Then, the patients were randomly assigned (1:1 allocation) into three groups: G1 (n = 20) with passiv

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Arruda, José Alcides Almeida de, Lauren Frenzel Schuch, Adzo Pereira, et al. "Investigation of different sodium hypochlorite volumes, concentrations and times of irrigation in endodontic therapy: a systematic review." ARCHIVES OF HEALTH INVESTIGATION 8, no. 4 (2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.21270/archi.v8i4.3215.

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Although the sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) solution has been part of the endodontic arsenal for more than one century, current investigations have been unable to determine which NaOCl volume and concentration or which time of application are able to dissolve organic matter without weakening the dental structure during the phase of biomechanical preparation of the root canal. Thus, the objective of the present study was to conduct a systematic literature review with no restriction of publication year or language in order to resolve these questions. The search strategy included the following datab

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Zhou, Jiani, Tingjun Liu, and Lihong Guo. "Effectiveness of XP-Endo Finisher and passive ultrasonic irrigation on intracanal medicament removal from root canals: a systematic review and meta-analysis." BMC Oral Health 21, no. 1 (2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12903-021-01644-7.

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Abstract Background XP-Endo Finisher (XPF) and passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI) are commonly used in intracanal medicament removal. The effectiveness of these two techniques needs to be compared, and evidence-based research should be conducted. Methods A comprehensive literature search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar up to December 20th, 2020. The outcomes of the included trials were pooled into the Cochrane Collaboration’s Review Manager 5.3 software. Cochrane’s risk-of-bias tool 2.0 was applied to assess the risk of bias. Results Nine

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