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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Etiopie'
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Svobodová, Kateřina. "Význam obcodu s kávou pro ekonomický rozvoj Etiopie." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-7906.
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This diploma thesis deals with the development of world coffee market and impacts for economic development of Ethiopia. First part is focused on characteristics of and trends in the world coffee market in terms of cultivation demands, world production, exports and domestic consumption in coffee growing regions. The analysis of world coffee prices, consequences and potential solutions of the global coffee crisis builds the core of the first part. The second part continues with analysis of economic development and economic structure of Ethiopia, from which follows the enormous economic importance of coffee for this poor country. Further, the coffe market and its developments is characterized - as far as produced and exported volume and prices paid to producers in the country are concerned. In conclusion of the second part the implications of Ethiopian development strategies into coffee sector are examined.
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Stiborová, Adéla. "Nové formy rozvojové spolupráce: Případová studie české rozvojové spolupráce v Etiopii." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-149948.
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This diploma thesis deals with current trends in development co-operation. It defines what we now understand under the term new forms of development co-operation. The aim is to explore if Czech Republic use these new forms of development co-operation. The aim will be reached through the case study of Czech Official Development Cooperation in Ethiopia, one of the priority countries of Czech Official Development Assistance.
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Koreňová, Martina. "Zvláštnosti podnikateľského prostredia Etiópie a možnosti rozšírenia spolupráce s ČR." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-76095.
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This thesis gives an analysis of the entrepreneurial environment in Ethiopia and its particularities. It is assigned especially for prospective czech investors and entrepreneurs having interest in entering the ethiopian market. Except the evaluation of the current state of the entrepreneurial environment, which is done by using the PEST analysis, the thesis also defines current relations between Ethiopia and Czech Republic and brings potentials of expanding the bilateral cooperation.
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Kuzmič, Michal. "Bariéry rozvoje v Etiopii: strukturální podmínky a strategie adaptace." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-199901.
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The diploma thesis titled Barriers of Development in Ethiopia: Structural Conditions and Strategies for Adaptation is focused on analysis of environmental risk factors and their impact on economic development of Ethiopia. It further evaluates the effectiveness of concrete adaptation measures on both official policy level and community level. The thesis departs from refined version of Jared Diamond's five point framework for analysis of collapse of complex societies. Contemporary scholarly discourse of rapid population growth, deforestation & land degradation and climate variability is formalized into causal schemes and supported by current statistical data. The thesis concludes that adopted measures have had only limited effect on elimination of the respective risk factors. Thus, Ethiopia remains a long-term recipient of foreign humanitarian assistance, without which it would fall into state of economic collapse. To overcome this situation Ethiopia needs to transform its subsistence agricultural production system.
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Girma, Wondimu Desalegn. "Ungdomsfotboll i Etiopien : Kartläggning av ungdomsfotboll i Etiopien." Thesis, Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:gih:diva-5899.
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Sammanfattning Syfte och frågeställningar Syftet med undersökningen är att beskriva hur barn- och ungdomsfotbollen är organiserad i Addis Abeba, Etiopien, med ett speciellt fokus på ungdomsfotbollen. Uppsatsen kommer att redovisa ledares, tränarnas och ungdomars beskrivning av ungdomsfotbollen. Frågeställningarna är: Hur beskriver tränare, ledare och ungdomar ungdomsfotbollens organisation samt dess hinder och möjligheter, i Addis Abeba Etiopien. Metod Både en kvantitativ och kvalitativ metod har använts. Studien genomfördes dels med intervjuer med sex personer där två tillhör fotbollsfederationen, en är från kommunen, två är ungdomstränare och en sportchef på en klubb i Etiopiens första liga, dels via en enkätundersökning med två ungdomslag i åldrarna 13–17 år. Resultat Resultatet av intervjuerna och enkäterna visar att endast viss begränsad organisation finns. För åldrarna 6–12 år finns i Addis Abeba eller i Etiopien ingen organisation likt exempelvis Sveriges statsstödda barn- och ungdomsverksamhet. I denna åldersgrupp görs enbart tillfälliga lösningar genom klubbarna och federationen, eller av barnen och ungdomarna själva genom spontanfotboll. För de lite äldre pojkarna, 13-15 år, finns skolfotboll samt så kallade ”projekt”, men ingen organisation eller några fotbollsföreningar. Ungdomsfotbollen har många utmaningar. Det saknas resurser, utbildade tränare, lämpliga fotbollsplaner, materiel, utrustning, lokaler och träningstider. Det saknas också en tydlig policy hos Etiopiens och Addis Abebas fotbollsfederation som prioriterar ungdomsfotbollen och som visar hur den bör organiseras. Det finns dock stora möjligheter till förbättring. Enkäten visar att intresset och motivationen är stort. Slutsats Ungdomsfotbollen i Addis Abeba är organisatoriskt outvecklad och uppvisar brister i struktur, prioritering och långsiktighet. Detta behöver åtgärdas om man vill nå en hållbar ungdomsfotboll i Etiopien.Kurs Idrott III
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Miženková, Lucia. "Konflikty v Somálsku, Etiópii a Eritrei po 2. svetovej vojne." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2007. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-114277.
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The work is concerned with political problems in the Horn of Africa region (Somalia, Ethiopia and Eritrea). It is focused on the course of politics, analysis and future development of both regional and mutual conflicts. First part provides general characteristics of the region as the whole. Next parts deals in detail with each state separetely. There is also given special space to the Ethiopia-Eritrea and Somalia-Ethiopia conflicts.
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Ali, Fatma. "Eritreaner och etiopier i Kairo." Thesis, Södertörn University College, School of Life Sciences, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-353.
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Eriksson, Linn. "Det “utomjordiska” Etiopien : En kritisk diskursanalys av framställningen av Etiopien som resmål i ett resereportage ur tidningen Vagabond." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Malmö högskola, Institutionen för globala politiska studier (GPS), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-18467.
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The purpose of this paper is to investigate the portrayal of Ethiopia as a destination in a travel report from the newspaper Vagabond. The method used is critical discourse analysis, based on postcolonial theory formation. The focus of the analysis is to examine how Ethiopia and its population are represented in the text. This is done by finding out what descriptions, formulations and concepts are used to entice the reader to travel there. Since I want to investigate how the text differs from other reports on travel destinations in Africa, a comparison is also made with two other texts. The main conclusion that can be drawn from the results is that the text conveys the image of Ethiopia as a different destination where the locals and their way of life are the focus. The text in the report is characterized by stereotypical notions that people in the "third world" live an uncivilized life that contrasts with the "modern West".
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Raposo, Maria Antonieta Gomes. "A invasão da Etiopia em 1935 : vista pela diplomacia portuguesa /." Lisboa : Colibri, 2003. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb39962871m.
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Picchi, Daniela. "Il conflitto tra Etiopi ed Assiri nell'Egitto della XXV dinastia /." Imola : la Mandragora, 1997. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb39247127s.
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Andersson, Margareta. "Missionssyn och missionspraktik i Evangeliska Fosterlandsstiftelsen : speglat av brev och bloggar från Etiopien." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Teologiska institutionen, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-202622.
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Cioffi, Manuela <1978>. "Variabilità del genoma mitocondriale in una popolazione Omotica nella regione Dawro, Etiopia sud-occidentale." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2010. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/2852/.
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Alsegård, Tove. "Barns rättigheter i praktiken : Erfarenheter från en etiopisk skola." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för beteendevetenskap och lärande, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-108548.
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Konventionen om barnets rättigheter gör anspråk på att vara universell och har ratificerats av majoriteten av världens stater. I artikel 28 och 29 i konventionen står det att barn har rätt till utbildning och att den ska syfta till att lära barn om deras rättigheter. Dessa artiklar tillsammans med konventionens fyra grundprinciper utgör grunden till denna undersökning. Studien genomförs på en privatskola i Etiopien. Med en kvalitativ etnografisk ansats har jag undersökt hur barns rättigheter realiseras i det pedagogiska arbetet på skolan. Studiens teoretiska referensram utgörs av sociokulturell inlärningsteori, Harts delaktighetsstege och hegemoni som maktstruktur. Vidare har jag tagit del av forskning inom barns rättigheter, delaktighet, relationer, disciplin i skolan och mångkultur. I studiens material framkom att relationerna mellan lärare – elev och mellan elev – elev har en stor betydelse för hur elevernas rättigheter realiseras. Lärarna har en auktoritär roll som ibland kan vara präglat av förtroende och legitimitet och ibland av rädsla och bestraffning. Förväntningarna på eleverna i skolan varierade mellan huruvida eleverna var hög eller lågpresterande. Det visade sig att de elever som ansågs vara högpresterande fick en större plats i skolan och att deras förhållande till läraren var av det mer förtroliga slaget. Jag diskuterar utrymmet för elevernas delaktighet. Hur delaktigheten har ett symbolvärde och bygger mycket på elevernas egen förmåga och initiativ att våga uttrycka sin åsikt. I studien presenteras också ett genusperspektiv. Genom att ge en inblick i en etiopisk skola vill jag bidra med att öka förståelsen för de elever som kommer till vår svenska skola från en annan kultur.
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Peveri, Valentina <1978>. "Pratiche di genere: forme di socialità e riproduzione fra le donne Hadiya (Etiopia centro-meridionale)." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2007. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/254/.
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Rubenson, Maria. "Lärande om avdunstning : hur en lektion förändrar etiopiska elevers uppfattningar om avdunstning på mikroskopisk nivå." Thesis, Högskolan Kristianstad, Sektionen för lärande och miljö, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hkr:diva-11218.
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I min uppsats har jag undersökt hur lärares undervisning om avdunstning på partikelnivå påverkar elevernas uppfattningar av fenomenet. Undersökningen genomfördes i fem niondeklasser i Etiopien.Som teoretisk grund har jag utgått från fenomenografin och variationsteorins perspektiv – i vilka man utgår från att lärande är synonymt med förändring i människors sätt att erfara världen. Enligt dessa teorier är variation av perspektiv och aspekter av det aktuella objektet avgörande för vilket lärande som kan ske.Studier om elevers uppfattningar om avdunstning på mikroskopisk nivå visar att partikelbegreppet är viktigt för elevers förståelse för avdunstning. Elever vet ofta att materia är uppbyggt av partiklar men inte hur de ska förklara det, de äger inte partikelbegreppet.Med hjälp av kvalitativa halvstrukturerade intervjuer före och efter undervisningssituationen tog jag reda på hur elevernas uppfattningar förändrades av lektionen. Resultatet av intervjuerna relaterades sedan till den grad av variation som kunde uppmärksammas i de observationer som gjordes av undervisningen.Studien visade att det var få elever vars uppfattningar förändrades av lektionen, oberoende av hur mycket variation som kunde uppmärksammas. I de fall lärande kunde påvisas fanns dock samband med graden av variation.
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Wallmark, Patrik. "I höglandets skugga ekonomi, social organisation och etnisk identitet hos Begafolket i norra Wollegas lågland, Etiopien /." Uppsala : Uppsala universitet, Kulturantropologiska institutionen, 1986. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/21594629.html.
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Weiner, Charlotte. "Skuld och skam : Etiopiska sjuksköterskors erfarenheter av existentiella kval i palliativ hemsjukvård i Addis Ababa, Etiopien." Thesis, Ersta Sköndal högskola, Institutionen för vårdvetenskap, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:esh:diva-4121.
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Bakgrund: Sjuksköterskor som vårdar svårt sjuka döende patienter konfronteras dagligen av sorg, frustration och svårvärderade symtom, där även etiska och kulturella aspekter ingår. I en allt mer personcentrerad och mångkulturell vårdmiljö ökar förväntningar och krav på sjuksköterskans yrkeskunskap. Syfte: Syftet med studien är att belysa etiopiska sjuksköterskors erfarenheter av patienters uttryck för skuld och skam i palliativ hemsjukvård i Addis Ababa, Etiopien, samt illustrera efterföljande omvårdnadshandlingar. Metod: Studien baseras på sjuksköterskors erfarenheter. Fokusgruppsdata insamlades under våren 2013, i Addis Ababa i Etiopien. Ljudinspelad data transkriberades och analyserades med stöd av kvalitativ systematisk textkondensering. Resultat: Sjuksköterskornas erfarenheter visar att skuld- och skamkänslor i samband med obotlig sjukdom hör nära samman med tidigare livshandlingar. Skuld-och skamkänslor kunde enligt sjuksköterskorna vara såväl kulturellt som individuellt betingat. Kval sågs ibland leda till social och existentiell isolering. Sjuksköterskans roll var bekräftande och stödjande. Slutsats: I den här studien visar Etiopiska sjuksköterskors erfarenheter att svårt sjuka och döende patienter uttrycker skuld-och skamkänslor som kan leda till isolering. Sjuksköterskors medvetenhet om existentiella kval ur kulturella perspektiv kan främja en personcentrerad omvårdnad vid livets slut.Background: Nurses who care for terminally ill and dying patients are daily confronted with underlying emotions such as grief and frustration including ethical and cultural dimensions. In a more person-centered, multicultural healthcare environment, the expectations and demands on nurses' professional knowledge increases. Aim: The purpose of this study is to elucidate Ethiopian nurses' experiences of patients expressions of guilt and shame in palliative care in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, and to illustrate subsequent nursing actions. Methods: The study is based on nurses' experiences. Focus group data were collected during the spring of 2013, in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Recorded audio data was transcribed and analyzed in accordance with qualitative systematic text condensation. Results: Nurses' experiences show that guilt and shame associated with incurable disease is closely related to past life deeds. Nurses' reported that patients often interpret diseases to their life choices and actions. Guilt and shame could, according to the nurses be both culturally and individually determined. The agony was sometimes seen to lead to social and existential isolation. The nurses’ role was confirmatory and supportive. Conclusions: This study shows Ethiopian nurses' experiences to seriously ill and dying patients expressing guilt and shame that can lead to isolation. Nurses' awareness of existential agony from the cultural perspective can promote a person-centered care at the end of life.
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Tůma, Jakub. "Potenciál destinačního managementu ve vybraných zemích Subsaharské Afriky pro zlepšení postavení místního obyvatelstva: implikace pro Etiopii." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-75631.
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Destination management became the key to a successful development of tourism sector in the last decades. Its role is not only in enhancing the competitiveness of the country's tourism sector on the international market but also in maximazing the net benefits from tourism for the host country. These tasks are exceptionaly important in developing countries. These countries often have unique potential in the presence of tourism atractivities but lack the so needed resources for exploiting this potential. Low level of socio/economic and technological development further limits the market opportunities of developing countries. A natural part of the tourism sector is the local population. However, local inhabitants are often reduced to a tourist atraction and thus do not gain profits from tourism in their region. On the other hand, local people bear substantial costs induced by tourism activities. To avoid this situation, the destination management should seek for more equal participation of local inhabitants in the tourism sector. This thesis will conduct an analysis of destination management in three relatively successful countries of the Sub-Saharan Africa region: Kenya, Ghana and the Republic of South Africa. The tested hypothesis is that destination management has the power to actively affect the situation of local inhabitants with regard to tourism activities in their region. The analysis is conducted in two ways. First, the programming documents of responsible tourism authorities will be compared to the actual activities of this authorities. Second, the conducted activities will be contrasted with the curent situation and problems of the particular countries. The results will then be applied on Ethiopia which is one of the least developed countries in the world but has one of the biggest tourism potentials in the Sub-Saharan Africa region.
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Östlund, Rosanna. "Går det att stympa kärlek? : Den liberala och radikala feminismens syn på kvinnlig könsstympning i Etiopien." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för statsvetenskap (ST), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-34942.
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The purpose of my work is to understand and examine the reasons why Ethiopia has not developed a larger decline of female genital mutilation, despite their ban on it? A ban that has been operating for ten years should reasonably have reached a greater change than the one Ethiopia has developed today. Based on two different branches of feminist theory, the liberal feminist theory and radical feminist theory, I will try to understand the potential power relationship that can be a immense reason for Ethiopia's continued practice with regard to female genital mutilation. I will examine the liberal feminist approach when it comes to seeing the state as the source of the balance of power that generate inequality in the world between men and women. I will also apply the radical feminist theory on my case study and understand the problem of patriarchy and its already set roles for men and women that we are following in the society today, resulting in gender inequality. The result shows that the radical feminist approach with patriarchy as essential explanation, which articulates that because of ancient traditions and the exercise of power, the amendment must be the changing of power relations between men and women in the private sphere rather than the liberal feminist approach which applies that the state repair the problem.
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Svensson, Magnus, and Niclas Liljenby. ""De firade med en öl" : En jämförelse av Dagens Nyhetersoch Aftonbladets rapportering om defängslade journalisterna i Etiopien." Thesis, Högskolan för lärande och kommunikation, Högskolan i Jönköping, HLK, Medie- och kommunikationsforskning, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-23544.
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Syftet med denna studie är att jämföra hur Dagens Nyheter respektive Aftonbladet rapporterade om de fängslade svenska journalisterna i Etiopien. Martin Schibbye och Johan Persson greps den 1 juli 2011 i Ogadenregionen i östra Etiopien efter att illegalt ha tagit sig in i landet med hjälp av den terrorstämplade gerillan ONLF. Händelsen fick stor uppmärksamhet i svenska medier. Vi ville med vår undersökning studera om morgontidningar, i vårt fall Dagens Nyheter, tar efter kvällstidningarnas sätt att rapportera om stora händelser. Vi valde ut åtta artikelsidor eller uppslag ur de båda tidningar att analysera och formulerade följande frågeställningar: Hur presenterades nyheterna kring Johan Persson och Martin Schibbyes tillfångatagande, rättegång, dom och frigivning i Dagens Nyheter respektive Aftonbladet, i de artikelsidor och uppslag som vi valde ut? Vad finns det för likheter och skillnader i de artikelsidor och uppslag vi valt ut från Dagens Nyheter respektive Aftonbladet gällande tabloidisering? Utifrån dessa frågeställningar konstruerade vi en kvalitativ textanalys med kvantitativa inslag där vi ställde vi frågor till texterna som vi hade formulerat utifrån begreppet tabloidisering, för att undersöka om texterna var tabloidiserade. Resultatet visade att det fanns klara tendenser till tabloidsering i de sidor och uppslag vi analyserade i Dagens Nyheter. Detta resultat förklarade vi främst med tidningsbranschens ekonomiska situation. Vi fann även att det fanns stora likheter, både text- och bildmässigt i de undersökta tidningarna. Detta resultat förklarade vi huvudsakligen med medielogiken.
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Desta, Dolisso Daniel. "Attitudes toward disability and the role of community based rehabilitation programs in Ethiopia /." Joensuu : University of Joensuu, 2000. http://bibpurl.oclc.org/web/31388.
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Reynolds, Benjamin. "Variability and change in Koga reservoir volume, Blue Nile, Ethiopia : Variabilitet och förändring i Kogadammens vattenvolym, Blå Nilen, Etiopien." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Luft-, vatten och landskapslära, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-199832.
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Ethiopia has long since been an area strongly affected by drought. Although there is a relativelylarge amount of fresh water present in the country, variability in rainfall and lack ofinfrastructure lead to the result that most of the population is undersupplied with water. In thisregion where water is such a valuable commodity, the Abay River is a large, mainly untappedresource. Agriculture is the largest economic activity in Ethiopia but the productivity ofagriculture here is one of the lowest in the world, making food security a serious problem for acountry with a fast growing population. The development of irrigation projects is hoped toensure food security at the household level. The Koga Dam is a key project for the Ethiopiangovernment, as a step towards achieving food self-sufficiency at both national and regionallevels for a country that has a history of draughts and famine. If this project succeeds, it will be amodel for projects to come and proof that dams and water management can bring change to theregion, particularly concerning food security. Sedimentation is a problem for many dams aroundthe world, and especially in this region. It is likely that the volume of the Koga reservoir willdecrease over time due to reservoir siltation. Variability in climate is also predicted for the regionwhich could mean years with below average rain. These two factors combined could mean adecrease in water supply for the irrigation project in the future. This study applies existingknowledge of sedimentation and annual climate variability relative to the Koga reservoir to asimple reservoir model in order to investigate current and future annual changes in thereservoir’s volume. Climate and volume change were incorporated into the water balance model.Results showed that the dam should be capable of providing enough irrigation water to farm yearround assuming average climate and climate variability and no sedimentation. However, as lowas an 11% decrease in storage could result in the reservoir drying out for at least one month ayear.Etiopien har sedan länge varit utsatt för vattenbrist. Trots att det finns ganska mycket sötvatten ilandet leder variation i nederbörd och brist på infrastruktur till att en stor del av befolkningensaknar vatten i tillräcklig utsträckning. När vatten är en sådan värdefull råvara är Blå Nilen(Abay floden är den inhemska beteckningen) en stor och outnyttjad resurs för regionen.Jordbruk är den största näringen i Etiopien men jordbrukets produktivitet är en av de lägsta ivärlden. Med tanke på landets snabbt växande befolkning är livsmedelsförsörjningen därför enallvarligutmaning. Utvecklingen av bevattningsprojekt förväntas trygga livsmedelsförsörjningenpå familjenivå. Kogadammen är ett centralt projekt både på nationell och på regional nivå. Denetiopiska regeringen som ser den som ett steg mot livsmedelssäkerhet mot bakgrund av landetshistoria av regnbrist och svält. Om projektet lyckas, kommer det att bli en modell för framtidaprojekt och ett bevis på att dammar och vattenförvaltning kan ge förändra situationen, särskiltmed avseende på livsmedelssäkerhet. Sedimentering är ett problem för många dammar runt om ivärlden, särskilt i denna region. Risken är stor att Kogadammens vattenvolym kommer attminska på grund av igenslamning. Klimatets variabilitet förutspås dessutom öka i regionen ochkan innebära år med såväl mindre som mer regn än idag. Sedimenteringen och den ökadenederbördsvariabiliteten kan möjligtvis innebära en minskad tillgång på bevattningsvatten iframtiden. Denna studie använde sig av befintlig kunskap om sedimentering och årligaklimatvariationer för att studera tänkbara förändringar i Kogadammens vattenvolym.Existerande data användes i en enkel reservoarmodell för att undersöka årliga volymförändringari reservoaren idag och i framtiden. Dammens månatliga vattenbalans beräknades årsvis underolika antaganden om klimat och volymförändringar. Beräkningarna visar att dammen bör kunnaleverera tillräckligt med vatten för att bevattna hela projektområdet om ingen klimatförändringeller volymminskning sker. Men om en volymminskning skulle inträffa, skulle dammensannolikt inte kunna leverera tillräckligt med vatten för bevattning under torrsäsongenmednuvarande odlingsmönster.
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Tetzlaff, Jonna, and Sofia Nääs. "Idealister eller idioter? : En studie av mediers framställning av Johan Persson och Martin Schibbye under och efter fängslandet i Etiopien." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för mediestudier, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-87545.
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The idea to this bachelor thesis was born after carefully following the coverage of Johan Persson and Martin Schibbye in Swedish media during their imprisonment in Ethiopia from June 2011 to September 2012. Based on our interest we designed two questions to answer throughout the thesis. These are: (1) How are Johan Persson and Martin Schibbye portrayed as journalists in the discussion about them that has taken place in Swedish media? (2) How is the journalistic profession described in the discussion about Johan Persson and Martin Schibbye in Swedish media? To answer these questions we decided to analyse texts that can be defined as the genre of opinion journalism, which all came from Swedish printed media. We have chosen 16 texts to analyse which show the variety of ways to write about Persson and Schibbye in the chosen genre during the chosen period of time. Opinion journalism is what newspapers use to attract readers, as they want to supplement the news coverage with comments and analysis from “experts”. Persson and Schibbye were imprisoned in Ethiopia in June of 2011, and weren’t released until 15 months later, in September of 2012. To analyse our material we have amongst others used theories regarding social constructionism, representation, discourse, the journalistic identity and the journalistic ideals that exist in Swedish society. The method chosen to carry through our analysis is a critical discourse analysis, according to Norman Faircloughs theory and his three dimensional model concerning text, the discourse practice and the social practice. The results that came from our analysis is that Persson and Schibbye is portrayed in three ways; as journalistic heroes, victims and/or crooks. In those examples that portray Persson and Schibbye as heroes, it is not only them that are praised, but also journalism as a profession and the journalistic assignment. This is also true regarding the texts that portay Schibbye as a crook, since it is Schibbyes earlier engagement in communistic politics that is criticised, not the journalistic profession itself. Persson and Schibbye are also portrayed as victims of the Ethiopian government and abuse of power.
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Shimeles, Abebe. "Essays on poverty, risk and consumption dynamics in Ethiopia /." Göteborg: Department of Economics, School of Economics and Commercial Law, Göteborg University, 2006. http://www.handels.gu.se/epc/archive/00004856/01/Abebe%5Ffull.pdf.
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Habtemichael-Kidane. "L'ufficio divino della Chiesa etiopica : studio storico-critico con particolare riferimento alle ore cattedrali /." Roma : Pontificio Istituto Orientale, 1998. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb389316921.
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LARHRISSI, ZAKIA. "Importance de la dismutation de l'eau oxygenee dans l'energetique cellulaire chez euglena gracilis z etiolee." Paris 7, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA077052.
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Euglena gracilis cultivee a l'obscurite en presence du lactate comme seule source carbonee montre un parallelisme entre les activites respiratoires et les activites catalatiques au cours du vieillissement de la culture cellulaire, c'est a dire qu'elles sont fortes toutes les deux en phase exponentielle et deviennent faibles en phase stationnaire. L'utilisation de deux inhibiteurs specifiques de l'adenosine triphosphase, le dinitrophenol et le dicyclohexylcarbodiimide a permis de montrer que: la photoconsommation d'oxygene en presence des rayonnements ultraviolets diminue jusqu'a s'annuler sous des fortes doses du dinitrophenol, suggerant d'une part que le dinitrophenol, agit au niveau des ubiquinones, ce qui a ete confirme par l'utilisation des ubiquinones pures de commerce. D'autre part, que l'action du dinitrophenol sur la chaine respiratoire est correlee avec la formation de l'eau oxygenee, puisque cette derniere est inhibee par le dinitrophenol a forte dose (environ 7,33/0#-#4m). L'etude du phenomene chez les cellules adaptees a l'antimycine montre que l'eau oxygenee est formee principalement au niveau de la chaine secondaire, et que les deux souches d'euglena gracilis, adaptee et non adaptee a l'antimycine, tirent leur energie du meme mecanisme. C'est ainsi qu'en presence du dinitrophenol a forte dose, il y a blocage de la respiration et une diminution de la productivite est observee, liee a l'absence de formation d'eau oxygenee. Le dicyclohexylcarbodiimide, connu comme inhibiteur du canal adenosine triphosphatase, a une action directe sur les activites catalatiques qui servent a dismuter l'eau oxygenee en eau et oxygene. C'est ainsi qu'en presence du dicyclohexylcarbodiimide, le pool des nucleotides adenyliques chute en meme temps que la charge energetique baisse, tandis que l'addition du dinitrophenol ne fait chuter que le pool des adenylates sans modifier significativement la charge energetique chez la souche sauvage z et la souche z#a#m. Par consequent, les euglenes incapables de produire de l'eau oxygenee ou de la dismuter montrent une baisse de leur production energetique pendant au moins deux heures. L'etude du phenomene au niveau mitochondrial a montre qu'une mole d'eau oxygenee dismutee est capable de former environ 0,5 mole d'adenosine triphosphate chez les euglenes z et z#a#m, ce qui correspond au 25% du rendement theorique si on admet que la dismutation d'une mole d'eau oxygenee produit au moins 2 moles d'adenosine triphosphate. Il semblerait que ces phenomenes existent aussi bien chez les vegetaux que chez les animaux puisque 1 mole d'eau oxygenee dismutee a partir des mitochondries extraites de foie de rat a ete capable de generer 1,5 moles d'adenosine triphosphate ce qui correspond au 75% du rendement theorique. Sur la base de tous ces resultats il semble bien que l'eau oxygenee participe, en fonction de sa presence et de sa concentration, a l'energetique de la cellule
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Andersson, Sophia, and Elin Gustavsson. "Upplevelser av icke-farmakologiska metoder använda i läkningsprocessen:Perspektiv från lokala sjuksköterskor som arbetar med obstetriska fistlar i Etiopen." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för hälsovetenskaper, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-67846.
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Damberg, Elin. "Tyst diplomati : En jämförande fallstudie som skildrar den tysta diplomatin som förhandlingsstrategi i konfliktlösningar." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för statsvetenskap (ST), 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-48779.
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Through an older study auspices, awakened an interest to study how the statesmen manage the world order. The answer has its starting point in diplomacy. This paper will focus on the most criticized and controversial branch of diplomacy: the quiet diplomacy. The quiet diplomacy is a deemed confidential and flexible method that is adopted for particularly sensitive conflict resolutions, which takes place at an intergovernmental level. The main purpose of this paper is to examine the diplomatic process in three journalistic cases. Although, these cases are different in one significant standing, one resemblance may be noticed. All cases encompass a quiet diplomacy. Have the quiet diplomacy developed opportunities or obstacles in the various mediation activities? Theories in the form of analysis dimensions serve as the framework in this paper and are tasked to derive the concept through the respective cases.
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Moreno, Mustieles Alejandro. "APLICACIÓN DE HERRAMIENTAS GIS PARA EL ESTUDIO DEL CAMBIO CLIMATICO Y SU RELACION CON LA SEGURIDAD ALIMENTARIA EN ETIOPÍA." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de València, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/35892.
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Aplicación de herramientas GIS para el estudio del cambio climático y su influencia en la seguridad alimentaria en Etiopía. Se espera que los resultados de esta investigación ayuden a una mejor comprensión de la vulnerabilidad al cambio climático de las comunidades rurales en África y en los países en vías en desarrollo en general.Moreno Mustieles, A. (2014). APLICACIÓN DE HERRAMIENTAS GIS PARA EL ESTUDIO DEL CAMBIO CLIMATICO Y SU RELACION CON LA SEGURIDAD ALIMENTARIA EN ETIOPÍA [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/35892
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Timoney, Ringström Miriam, and Elin Johansen. "HIV POSITIVE WOMEN’S EXPERIENCE OF STIGMA FROM HEALTHCARE PROFESSIONALS DURING PREGNANCY AND CHILDBIRTH : Addis Ababa, Ethiopia." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för folkhälso- och vårdvetenskap, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-244699.
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Introduktion: 1,2 miljoner människor lever med HIV/AIDS i Etiopien, men med rätt åtgärder kan en gravid, HIV-positiv kvinna minska risken för att smitta sitt barn till under 5 %. Trots detta upplever en majoritet av HIV-positiva patienter stigma från sjukvårdspersonal som kan leda till en minskad livskvalitet. Vårdpersonalens förståelse av stigma och kunskap om HIV är nödvändig för att utveckla strategier för att minska denna stigmatisering. Syfte: Syftet med studien var att undersöka HIV-positiva kvinnors upplevelser av stigmatisering från vårdpersonal under graviditet och förlossning i Addis Ababa, Etiopien. Metod: En deskriptiv studie med kvalitativ ansats användes. Sju HIV-positiva kvinnor som har mottagit mödravård i Addis Ababa, Etiopien, deltog med hjälp av bekvämlighet urval. Travelbees omvårdnadteori och en kognitiv modell av AIDS-relaterad stigma användes som teoretisk ram. Strukturerade intervjufrågor användes och data analyserades med en kvalitativ innehållsanalys. Resultat: Studien har tre kategorier; Negativa reaktioner från vårdpersonal, Ingen känsla av stigma och Utbildning från vårdpersonal till kvinnorna. Majoriteten av deltagarna hade upplevt en händelse av HIV-relaterat stigma från vårdpersonal. Detta genom att bland annat känna sig annorlunda bemött på grund av sin diagnos eller genom att ha upplevt hur vårdpersonalen var överdrivet rädda för att bli smittade. Resultatet visar också att det finns vårdpersonal som utövar en vård utan stigmatisering samt att utbildning gavs till samtliga kvinnor från vårdpersonalen angående hur HIV smittas och dess medicinering. Slutsats: Stigmatisering från vårdpersonal förekommer bland HIV-positiva kvinnor. Sjuksköterskan har ett ansvar för att minska stigmatisering genom att utöva en omvårdnad där kvinnorna känner sig lika behandlad och respekterad. Förbättring behövs där vårdpersonal utvecklar sin förståelse av stigmatisering och av hur ett stigmatiserande beteende inom vården kan undvikas.Introduction: 1.2 million people live with HIV/AIDS in Ethiopia, but with correct interventions a HIV positive pregnant woman can reduce the risk of infecting her baby to below 5 %. Nevertheless, a majority of HIV positive patients experience stigma from healthcare professionals, which can lead to a reduced life quality. Healthcare professionals’ understanding of stigma and knowledge about HIV is necessary in order to develop strategies to reduce this stigma. Purpose: The purpose of the study was to investigate HIV positive women's experience of stigma from healthcare professionals during pregnancy and childbirth in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Method: A descriptive study with a qualitative method was used. Seven HIV positive women who had received maternity care in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia participated and were chosen through a convenience sample. Structured interview questions were used and data were analyzed by using qualitative content analysis. Travelbeés theory of care and cognitive model of AIDS-related stigmatization were used as theoretical framework. Results: Three categories were identified in this study: Negative reactions from health care professionals, Non-presence of stigma and Education from healthcare professionals. The majority of the participants had experienced an event of HIV- related stigma from healthcare professionals. These HIV positive women felt as if they were treated differently because of their diagnosis and they experienced the professionals’ fear of becoming infected. However some of the HIV positive women who were interviewed felt they had also experienced situations where no stigmatization was shown by healthcare professionals. All the woman who were interviewed had received information about the HIV virus, how it´s spread and what medication is used as treatment. Conclusion: Stigma from healthcare professionals among HIV positive woman exists. Health care professionals have a responsibility to reduce stigma by providing care that gives women the sense of being equally treated and respected. Improvements are needed in the education of healthcare professionals so that they can develop an understanding of stigma as well as an understanding of how their own stigmatizing behavior can be reduced when caring for HIV positive women.
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Sjöholm, Margareta. "Accumulation of poly- and perfluoroalkylated substances (PFASs) and mercury in fish tissue from Lake Tana, Ethiopia : Evaluation of human exposure due to increased fish consumption." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för geovetenskaper, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-264932.
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Both poly- and perfluoroalkylated substances (PFASs) and mercury (Hg) are persistent bioaccumulative, and toxic substances (PBTs) of great concern due to their health effects on humans. These pollutants are ubiquitously occurring in the global aquatic environment and dietary intake of fish is the major exposure pathway for humans. PFASs and Hg are widely studied in the temperate zones, but little is known from the tropical aquatic systems in Africa. Lake Tana, Ethiopia, is of high ecological value and predicted to increase its fish production and export during following years, but knowledge of human health effects due to bioaccumulated pollutants loading from this lake is lacking. The objective of this study was therefore to compare Hg and PFAS concentrations between sites and species, evaluate accumulation patterns and assess the human health risk with increased fish consumption. During October 2014, a total of 97 fish specimens from five species (Labeobarbus megastoma, Labeobarbus gorguari, Labeobarbus intermedius, Oreochromis niloticus and Clarias gariepinus) were collected from seven sites in Lake Tana. The fish was dissected in Bahir Dar, where a muscle sample was taken from the dorsal line, and later analyzed at the Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences. To determine differences and correlations between sites and species as well as for Hg and PFASs, statistical analyses were conducted and to determine the health risks in increased fish consumption a hazard ratio (HR) was calculated for both substances. The results showed several similarities between Hg and PFASs, including higher concentrations in piscivorous fish species (L. megastoma and L. gorguari) than non-piscivorous and also spatial distribution similarities. Hg concentrations ranged from 0-639 ng g-1 wet weight (ww) with an overall mean of 137 ng g-1 ww for all species. Seven PFASs were detected (PFNA, PFDA, PFUnDA, PFDoDA, PFTeDA, PFBS, PFOS), and the ∑PFSA concentrations ranged from non-detected to 3.61 ng g-1 ww. PFDA was found in all sites and species, compared to PFOS, which only was found in piscivorous species in elevated levels. The positive correlation between Hg and PFOS imply that these substances have similar accumulation patterns. The HRs showed that increased fish consumption is harmless to the Ethiopian population regarding PFAS and Hg contamination. Varied fish consumption is of importance though since several individuals from the piscivorous species contained Hg concentrations exceeding the WHO marketing limit of 0.5 μg g-1 (500 ng g-1).Både poly- och perfluoralkylerade ämnen (PFASer) och kvicksilver (Hg) är persistenta, bioackumulerande och toxiska (PBT) ämnen som kan utgöra stor hälsorisk för människor. PFASer och Hg förekommer globalt i den akvatiska miljön och den mest betydande källan för mänsklig exponering av dessa ämnen är fiskkonsumtion. Studier av PFASer och Hg är vanligt förekommande i de tempererade zonerna, men väldigt lite är känt från de tropiska akvatiska systemen i Afrika. Lake Tana, Etiopiens största sjö, har stort ekologiskt värde och fiskproduktion och export från sjön förutspås öka under kommande år. Däremot saknas kunskap om hur denna föroreningsbelastning med ökat fiskintag kommer påverka befolkningen i landet. Syftet med denna studie var därför att jämföra Hg- och PFAS-koncentrationer mellan områden och arter, utvärdera ackumuleringsmönster och bedöma hälsoriskerna med ökad fiskkonsumtion i landet. Under oktober 2014 samlades totalt 97 individer in från fem arter (Labeobarbus megastoma, Labeobarbus gorguari, Labeobarbus intermedius, Oreochromis niloticus och Clarias gariepinus) och från sju olika platser i Lake Tana. Dissektionen utfördes i Bahir Dar (där muskelprover togs från dorsala rygglinjen) och sedan fördes proverna till Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet (SLU) för analys. För att bestämma skillnader och korrelationer mellan områden och arter, samt mellan Hg och olika PFASer, utfördes statistiska analyser och för att utvärdera hälsorisken av en ökad fiskkonsumtion beräknades riskfaktorer för båda ämnena. Resultaten påvisade flertalet likheter mellan Hg och PFASer, bland annat högre koncentrationer i piskivora fiskarter (L. megastoma and L. gorguari) än icke-piskivora och även likheter i koncentrationer mellan provområdena. Hg-koncentrationerna varierade mellan 0-639 ng g-1 våtvikt (vv), med ett medel på 137 ng g-1 vv för alla arter. Sju PFASer detekterades i analysen (PFNA, PFDA, PFUnDA, PFDoDA, PFTeDA, PFBS, PFOS), där ∑PFSA koncentrationerna varierade mellan icke-detekterbara till 3,6 ng g-1 vv. PFDA förekom i alla arter och områden, medan PFOS bara fanns i förhöjda värden i piskivora arter. Den funna positiva korrelationen mellan PFOS och Hg antyder att dessa ämnen har liknande ackumulationsmönster. De beräknade riskfaktorerna visade att en fiskkonsumtions-ökning inte skulle utgöra en risk för den etiopiska befolkningen med avseende på Hg- och PFAS-halter. En varierad fiskkonsumtion är dock av stor vikt eftersom flertalet individer från de piskivora arterna innehöll högre Hg-koncentrationer än den av WHO rekommenderade gränsen på 0,5 μg g-1 vv.
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Larsson, Anna. "The Effect of Agricultural Intensification on Nitrate Concentrations in Shallow Groundwater in Two Watersheds in Ethiopia." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för geovetenskaper, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-388416.
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Sustainable intensification of agricultural will be crucial in the future to feed a growing population and address ongoing climate changes. Ethiopia is still dominated by traditional agricultural practices and the population is expected to increase from todays 110 million to 174 million in 2050, making sustainable implementations of intensified agricultural methods crucial. In this study, two watersheds with differences in agricultural intensification and geophysical attributes in Amhara region, north western Ethiopia, are evaluated based on nitrogen content in wells. An attempt to explain the differences in contamination levels of nitrate between the two watersheds are done by examining the usage of fertilisers, amount of livestock and irrigation habits as well as topography. The result showed that the less intensified watershed exceeded the WHO guidelines for nitrate more frequently than the more intensified watershed. Temporal patterns in contamination levels in specific wells could be seen in both watersheds, where the WHO guidelines being most frequently exceeded in July and September versus July and November for the watersheds respectively. No significant correlations between nitrate concentration and explaining parameters were detected in any of the watersheds. The methods used in this paper could not explain the variations in contamination levels. The results imply that the nitrate responses are very site-specific. Evaluations including more precise details on crop management and subsurface flow patterns as well as on other factors influencing contamination levels in wells, such as distance to household and cattle, are needed in further investigations as agriculture continues to intensifyEn hållbar utveckling av jordbruket kommer att vara avgörande för att föda en växande befolkning och möta pågående klimatförändringar. I Etiopien domineras jordbruket av traditionella metoder och befolkningen i landet förväntas öka från dagens 110 miljoner till 174 miljoner år 2050, vilket medför att hållbara lösningar gällande bevattning och gödslingsanvändning blir viktiga. Två avrinningsområden med olika karaktär gällnade intensifiering av jordbruk och topografi i Amhara-regionen i nordvästra Etiopien utvärderas utifrån kvävekoncentrationer i brunnar. Ett försök att förklara kvävekoncentrationer görs genom att utvärdera användningen av gödslingsmedel, mängd boskap och bevattningsvanor. Resultatet visade att det mindre intensifierade avrinningsområdet överskred WHO:s riktlinjer vid fler tillfällen än den mer intensifierade. Temporala skillnader i föroreningsnivåer kunde ses i specifika brunnar i båda avrinningsområdena, där WHO:s riktlinjer överskreds mest frekvent i juli och september respektive juli och november. Inga signifikanta korrelationer mellan nitratkoncentration och förklarande faktorer påvisades i någon av avrinningsområdena. Metoden som användes i studien kunde inte förklara de variationer som förekom i brunnarnas kontamineringsnivåer. Resultaten indikerar dock att orsakerna är platsspecifika och studier baserade på mer detaljerade data om odlingsätt och markvattenflöden samt andra påverkande faktorer, såsom avstånd till hushåll och boskap behöver göras då intensifieringen av jordbruket fortskrider.
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Carvalho, Daniel Duarte Flora [UNESP]. "Conflitos no chifre da África: oportunidades e constrangimentos da difusão do poder." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/96013.
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Este trabalho aborda as oportunidades e constrangimentos da difusão do poder na África para, a partir de então, investigar as causas das guerras no Chifre da África. O padrão de difusão de poder sobre as populações, os múltiplos centros de poder existentes em um Estado, os mais variados graus de estatalidade e as ações dos diversos atores estatais e não-estatais são determinantes para a eclosão ou não de conflitos na África. Uma vez identificado este mesmo padrão no Chifre da África que, por apresentar uma longa tradição de estatalidade e um grande senso westfaliano, é visto, erroneamente, como uma exceção à regra africana, pretende-se então verificar quais as causas das guerras nesta região. O presente estudo aborda então a guerra entre a Etiópia e a Eritréia e a constituição do Estado etíope e verifica que não só o Chifre da África está inserido no padrão de difusão de poder sobre as populações que é comum à África Subsaariana como identifica neste ponto as causas das guerras de tal região
This study considers the opportunities and constraints of broadcasting power in Africa to investigate the causes of the wars in the Horn of Africa. The power broadcast over population pattern, the multiples centres of power and the actions of the many state and non-state actors are determinants to the outbreak or not of conflicts in Africa. Once this pattern is identified in the Horn of Africa which, by its long tradition of statehood and its great Westphalian sense, is mistakenly seen as an exception to the African model, we look forward to verify what the war reasons in this region are. This study then makes an approach on the war between Ethiopia and Eritrea and the very constitution of the Ethiopian state and concludes that not only the Horn of Africa is inserted in the pattern of broadcasting power on populations, which is common to the Sub Saharan Africa, and that such a pattern is the cause of wars in that region
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Stamenkovic, Aleksandar, and Alfred Dahlin. "Mediebildt : En kritisk diskursanalys av Dagens Nyheter och Svenska Dagbladets rapportering om Carl Bildt kring fallet etiopiensvenskarna." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Medier och kommunikation, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-195495.
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Det som studeras i denna undersökning är hur morgontidningarna Dagens Nyheter och Svenska Dagbladet beskrev utrikesminister Carl Bildt kopplat till de fängslade journalisterna Martin Schibbye och Johan Persson. Syftet med undersökningen är att identifiera morgontidningarnas diskurs om Carl Bildt i de olika faserna av rapporteringen kring de fängslade svenskarna journalisterna Martin Schibbye och Johan Persson. Detta kommer att undersökas via en kritisk diskursanalys där vi kronologiskt går igenom morgontidningarnas rapportering av Bildt kopplat till Schibbye och Persson från att de fängslades till tiden efter då de var fria. Som delsyfte vill vi granska och diskutera de resultat vi kommer fram till i diskursanalysen. Detta görs för att kunna presentera och kartlägga hur de eventuellt olika diskurserna skiljer sig. Utifrån syftet och delsyftet kommer vi undersöka följande frågeställningar: Hur såg den dominerande bilden och rapporteringen om Bildt ut före respektive efter journalisternas frigivning? Samt: Skiljde sig morgontidningarnas rapportering om Bildt före respektive journalisternas frigivning, i så fall hur?Det vi kom fram till i undersökningen var att diskursen om Bildt vände i samma stund som förutsättningarna för Schibbye och Persson vände då de frigavs. Diskursen gick från negativ till positiv när fakta om Bildt och hans insats kunde utvärderas i retrospekt. Vår huvudsakliga slutsats är att Dagens Nyheter och Svenska Dagbladet i detta fall fokuserade mer på det sensationella och skandalösa nyheterna om Bildt, snarare än att vara en neutral och objektiv informationskälla.This study is covering the reports on the Swedish minister of foreign affairs Carl Bildt in the Swedish morning newspaper Dagens Nyheter and Svenska Dagbladet regarding the imprisoned journalists Martin Schibbye and Johan Persson. The purpose with this thesis is to identify the discourse in these two morning newspapers about Carl Bildt in the different phases of the reports regarding the journalists Martin Schibbye and Johan Persson. This will be studied throughout a critical discourse analysis. We will cover the reports in chronological order from the date the journalists were caught to when they were free. An extension of the purpose in this study is to inspect and discuss our results. This will be done in order to see and clarify how the discourse found in the results is different from each other. This purpose is leading us to the questions: What was the dominant picture in the reporting about Carl Bildt in the different phases of the case with the imprisoned journalists? And: Did the reporting on Bildt differ from the phase before the journalists release to the phase after the release, in that case how?The main result of this study is that the discourse regarding Bildt changed the same time the conditions of Schibbye and Persson changed. The discourse went from negative to positive when facts about Bildt and his mission came to light. Our main conclusion is that these two morning newspapers in this case was focusing on the sensational and scandalous news about Bildt rather than being a neutral and objective source of information.
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Diaz, Chapoñan Walther Fernando Rodolfo, and Aguilar Gabriela del Carmen Saavedra. "Trabajo infantil, acceso al crédito y shocks: un estudio comparativo de cuatro países en desarrollo para los años 2006 y 2009." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Católica Santo Toribio de Mogrovejo, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12423/2719.
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El trabajo infantil, problema que compromete el desarrollo integral de los menores, se agudiza en los países en desarrollo, pues se suma la influencia de factores socioeconómicos, políticos y mecanismos de transferencia de pobreza. En ese sentido, algunas investigaciones se han centrado en el acceso al crédito como instrumento de política. Por ello, queremos determinar ¿Cómo el acceso crediticio de los padres afecta al trabajo infantil de sus hijos en Perú, Etiopía, India y Vietnam, para los años 2006 y 2009? Para ello elegimos una modelización probit general y un análisis desagregado por sexo del menor, zona y país de residencia.
Entre nuestros objetivos tenemos: analizar el sexo del niño y la zona de ubicación del hogar como variables condicionantes del trabajo infantil y evaluar el efecto de shocks, características del menor y del hogar sobre el trabajo infantil.
Buscamos realizar una investigación base para la implementación de políticas en función a los factores determinantes del problema estudiado, focalizándonos en el papel del acceso al crédito.
Encontramos que el acceso al crédito reduce significativamente la probabilidad de trabajar en presencia de shocks que afectan el capital y la salud de los padres del menor en los países estudiados. Así mismo, nacer en Etiopía aumenta la probabilidad de trabajo respecto a Perú, mientras que nacer en Vietnam e India la reduce.
Concluimos que si bien el acceso al crédito no elimina los efectos de shocks de capital y de salud sobre la probabilidad de trabajar, sí permite una reducción significativa.
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Jiménez, Redal Rubén. "Desafíos en la implementación de proyectos de cooperación en servicios de agua dentro del proceso de urbanización sostenible. Cuatro casos de estudio en África: Maputo (Mozambique), Idjwi (DR Congo), Wukro (Etiopía) y Mecufi (Mozambique)." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/279296.
Full textAbstract:
Many NGOs have tried to implement cooperation projects in water services in Africa. A percentage of them has been successful when it comes to sustainability but a significant proportion has failed . Discovering and analyzing the conditions that make the sustainability of development cooperation projects has been the ultimate goal of our research. A first objective was to determine the limitations that development projects in water services face in the process of sustainable urbanization. In a subsequent step we have tried to study whether the acceptance of private water connections meets the demand generated by the target population. Moreover, the comparison of the evolution of cooperation projects in the four case studies allowed us to determine whether the interaction of stakeholders ensures the inclusion of all actors and the optimal response to the needs of the final beneficiaries. We have employed various methodological instruments. First we have addressed four case studies where focus groups and interviews with key informants have been conducted in the qualitative analysis. It has also been supplemented by the quantitative study from developed questionnaires to the target population. For data processing three software tools have been used EPANET, SPSS and ArcGIS. Among the final conclusions we highlight the need to focus on continuous support for cooperation projects in water services for a period not less than ten years. The second final conclusion indicates that all projects studied required a strengthening of the structures responsible for decision making. In our case studies institutional sustainability has proven to be the weakest dimension. The third final conclusion is the need to sacrifice the sense of ownership of the systems implemented in the community for longer than the time period of implementation. The case study in Idjwi shows that the interventions where there has been more participation from the external organization, resulting in a reduction in the sense of ownership, show better rates of progress towards sustainability. The fourth final conclusion is the need to offer alternatives to the population to have access to improved services. The data show that residents of the case study in Maputo could not access the services offered for a domestic connection due to the economic conditions attached to such service. The fifth final conclusion establishes the need to incorporate the specific needs of the vulnerable population in the overall approach. In the case study of Wukro public standpipes have been reduced although they served part of the population infected with HIV who have fewer economic resources and higher water needs . The sixth final conclusion would be the creation of a methodology to address the sustainability of cooperation projects in water services. A template is provided which can be used by the implementing agencies, both NGOs as funding agencies, in order to assess the sustainability of projects. This tool includes indicators grouped into five areas: economic, technical, health-environment, social and institutional . The evaluation of these indicators will both analyze long -term outcomes of an implementation and guide the formulation of the objectives of the implementation in the design stage.Nombroses *ONGDs han intentat implementar projectes de cooperació en serveis d'aigua a Àfrica. D'ells un percentatge ha estat reeixit a l'hora d'aconseguir la sostenibilitat però una proporció important no ho ha aconseguit. Descobrir i analitzar les condicions que marquen la sostenibilitat dels projectes de cooperació i desenvolupament ha constituït la finalitat última de la nostra recerca. Un primer objectiu ha estat determinar les limitacions en el procés d'urbanització sostenible a les quals s'enfronten els projectes de desenvolupament en serveis d'aigua. En un pas posterior hem tractat d'estudiar si l'acceptació de connexions domiciliàries a la xarxa de proveïment cobreix la demanda generada per la població beneficiària. A més la comparativa de l'evolució dels projectes de cooperació en els quatre casos d'estudi ens ha permès esbrinar si l'articulació dels actors implicats garanteix la inclusió de tots els agents i l'òptima resposta a les necessitats dels beneficiaris finals. S'han emprat diversos instruments de metodològics. En primer lloc s'han abordat quatre casos d'estudi on s'han dut a terme grups focals i entrevistes a informadors clau dins de l'anàlisi qualitativa. A més s'ha complementat amb l'estudi quantitatiu procedent dels qüestionaris desenvolupats entre la població beneficiària. Per al processament de dades s'ha comptat amb tres eines informàtiques *EpaNET, *SPSS i *ArcGIS.Entre les conclusions finals destaquem la necessitat d'enfocar els projectes de cooperació en serveis d'aigua sota el prisma de la necessitat d'acompanyament per part de les agències *implementadores per un termini no inferior a deu anys. La segona conclusió final indica que els projectes estudiats requerien tots ells un enfortiment de les estructures encarregades de la presa de decisions. La dimensió classificada com a sostenibilitat institucional ha resultat en els nostres casos d'estudi ha demostrat ser la més feble. La tercera conclusió final és la necessitat de sacrificar el sentiment d'apropiació dels sistemes implementats entre la comunitat durant un període superior als terminis d'implementació. El cas d'estudi en *Idjwi demostra que en un període de deu anys les intervencions on hi ha hagut major intervencionisme, resultant en una reducció del sentiment d'apropiació, mostren millors índexs d'avanç cap a la sostenibilitat. La quarta conclusió final tracta sobre l'oferta d'alternatives a la població per poder accedir als serveis millorats en els projectes de cooperació. Les dades demostren que els residents del cas d'estudi de Maputo no podien accedir als serveis oferts per realitzar una connexió domèstica a causa de les condicions econòmiques associades a tal servei. La cinquena conclusió final estableix la necessitat d'incorporar els requeriments específics de la població vulnerable dins de l'enfocament global. En el cas d'estudi de *Wukro s'han reduït els punts de subministrament per mitjà de fonts públiques que servia a la part de la població infectada amb el virus del VIH i que tenint menys recursos econòmics presenta necessitats d'aigua majors. La sisena conclusió final seria la conformació d'una metodologia per abordar la sostenibilitat dels projectes de cooperació en serveis d'aigua. S'aporta un format de treball a manera de plantilla que pot ser utilitzat per les agències *implementadoras, tant *ONGDs com a agències finançadores, en l'avaluació de la sostenibilitat dels projectes. Aquesta eina dissenya indicadors agrupats en cinc àrees: sostenibilitat econòmica, tècnica, salut-ambienti, social i institucional. L'avaluació d'aquests indicadors servirà tant per analitzar a llarg termini els resultats d'una implementació com per guiar els objectius de la formulació d'aquesta implementació en l'etapa de disseny.
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Salazar, Bonet Juan. "Cultura material e identidad social de un grupo agrícola-ganadero del sudoeste etíope: los mursi." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/586184.
Full textAbstract:
Esta tesis analiza el papel de la cultura material en la construcción de una identidad colectiva en una población agrícola-ganadera del Sudoeste de Etiopía, los mursi. Para ello se presta atención a múltiples soportes y prácticas, materiales e inmateriales, perdurables y efímeros. La identificación de los grupos humanos a través del estudio de su cultura material forma parte de la historia de la investigación arqueológica desde sus comienzos. Sin embargo, nuestro conocimiento sobre la identidad de grupos pasados se encuentra limitado, no solo por la preservación parcial de los restos, sino también, frecuentemente, por problemas metodológicos como la elección subjetiva de un único tipo de objeto o de contexto donde analizar los aspectos identitarios. La investigación etnográfica llevada a cabo durante las dos últimas décadas ha generado nuevos paradigmas desde los que analizar los procesos de identificación en la zona donde se desarrolla nuestro proyecto de investigación, el curso bajo del río Omo. Para obtener una visión más completa de la interacción que se produce en el binomio identidad – materialidad, empleamos un enfoque etnoarqueológico. La elección de esta estrategia investigadora nos permite observar y reflexionar, en una población actual, sobre el papel activo de los objetos en la construcción y el mantenimiento de una identidad social o colectiva. La participación en cinco campañas del Mursiland Heritage Project me permitió obtener una abundante base documental que fue ampliada mediante el estudio de siete colecciones de objetos depositados en museos de Budapest (Hungría), Osaka (Japón), Roma (Italia), Manchester (Reino Unido), Addis Abeba (Etiopía), Valencia (España) y Jinka (Etiopía). El presente trabajo de tesis incorpora, a una metodología de análisis de tradición arqueológica, diversas categorías generadas por la población con la que se realizan los estudios, lo que ha permitido delimitar cuatro ámbitos de estudio. Estos exploran el territorio y la movilidad, la cotidianidad y su cultura material, los objetos empleados en eventos públicos y, por último, tres instituciones a las que pertenecen todos los individuos y que jerarquizan, mediante la restricción en el uso de una serie de objetos, la vida en comunidad. Los resultados demuestran el carácter estratégico de las identificaciones individuales y colectivas, así como el papel determinante de los objetos a la hora de posibilitarlas. Estas conclusiones podrían dar pie a una reconsideración a la hora de asignar categorías sobre los grupos en otros contextos, geográficos o cronológicos.This thesis analyzes the role of material culture in the construction of a collective identity in an agro-pastoralist group of Southwest Ethiopia, the Mursi. Attention is paid to multiple supports and practices, tangible and intangible, imperishable and perishable. From the beginning, the identification of human groups through the study of their material culture has been an essential part of the history of archaeological research. However, our knowledge about past groups is limited, not only due to the partial preservation of past remains but also, and often, due to methodological problems like the subjective selection of a single type of object or context where to analyze identity aspects. The ethnographic research carried out during the last two decades has generated new paradigms from which to analyze the processes of identification in the area of study, the Lower Omo Valley. To obtain a more complete view of the interaction between the identity – materiality binomial, we use an ethnoarchaeological approach. The choice of this research strategy allows us to observe and reflect, in a current population, on the active role of objects in the construction and maintenance of a social or collective identity. Participation in five campaigns within the Mursiland Heritage Project allowed me to obtain an abundant documentary base which was enlarged by the study of seven museum collections held in of Budapest, (Hungary), Osaka (Japan), Rome (Italy), Manchester (United Kingdom), Addis Ababa (Ethiopia), Valencia (Spain) and Jinka (Ethiopia). The present work of thesis incorporates to the traditional archaeological methodology of analysis several categories generated by the local population. This has allowed to establish four areas of study that explore the territory and the mobility, the daily life and related material culture, the objects used in public events and, finally, three institutions to which all individuals belong to and which, through the restriction on the use of a series of objects, hierarchize community life. The results demonstrate the strategic nature of individual and collective identifications, as well as the determining role of objects in making them possible. Hopefully, these conclusions will lead to a reconsideration when assigning categories on groups in other contexts, whether geographic or chronological.
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Viksten, Jeff. "Effects on Groundwater Composition by the Koga Irrigation Scheme." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för geovetenskaper, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-293425.
Full textAbstract:
Access to clean drinking water is one of the most important resources for any society and its citizens. Without access to clean drinking water, health and living quality will be affected when pathogens will make people ill.In arid countries such as Ethiopia with seasonal drought, efforts to manage the water resources to last longer can be made by constructing dams and artificial irrigation systems. One example of this is the Koga dam in the Merawi region where a dam has been constructed to provide water for artificial irrigation. By irrigating an area one changes the hydrological conditions which might change the chemical composition of groundwater.This report aims to try and collect data that support the theory of the hydrological conductivity between irrigation water and groundwater in the area. Samples of groundwater and surface water was collected and compared to see if any conclu-sions supporting this theory could be made. Also general drinking water parameters were included such as presence of biological pathogens. The number of samples collected is on its own not enough to draw conclusions from but when combined with previous field work in the area and studying literature it supports the assumption of irrigation affecting the groundwater composition.Tillgång till rent dricksvatten är en av de viktigaste resurserna för samhället såväl som varje enskild människa. Utan tillgång till rent dricksvatten kan hälsa och livs-kvalitet komma att påverkas av vattenburna patogener.I torra länder som Etiopien med periodisk torka har man gjort insatser för att hushålla med vattnet utöver regnperioderna. Ett exempel på detta är Kogadammen i Merawi, där en fördämning har konstruerats för att förse ett område med konst-bevattning. Genom bevattning ett område ändrar man de hydrologiska förhållanden som råder vilket gör att grundvattnets sammansättning kan komma att ändras.Denna rapport syftar till att försöka samla in data som stödjer teorin att konst-bevattningen i området påverkar grundvattnets sammansättning. Prover av grund-vatten och ytvatten samlades och jämfördes för att se om några slutsatser kunde dras. Också allmänna dricksvatten parametrar ingick såsom förekomsten av bio-logiska patogener. Antalet prover som tagits är ensamt inte tillräckligt för att dra slutsatser, men när de kombineras med data från tidigare fältarbete i området och litteraturstudier stödjer de antagandet om att konstbevattningen i området påverkar grundvattensammansättningen.
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De, La Cruz Llanos Jesús Enrique, and Yacila Eduardo Francisco Macedo. "Estudio sobre la relación entre el Consumo de Lácteos y el Estado Nutricional (Sobrepeso/Obesidad): Hallazgos encontrados en la cohorte mayor del estudio “Niños del Milenio” (2006-2013), en cuatro países en vías de desarrollo (Etiopía, India, Perú y Vietnam)." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/654719.
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ANTECEDENTES: El consumo de lácteos y su relación con el estado nutricional han sido poco investigados en estudios longitudinales en países en vías de desarrollo a lo largo de los años, su efecto protector sigue siendo de gran controversia hoy en día. OBJETIVO: Estimar la fuerza de asociación entre el consumo de lácteos y el estado nutricional (sobrepeso/obesidad) de los niños participantes de la cohorte mayor (2006-2013) del estudio “Niños del Milenio” en cuatro países en vías de desarrollo Etiopía, India, Perú y Vietnam. MÉTODOS: Análisis secundario de la cohorte mayor del estudio longitudinal “Young Lives”, considerando la exposición al consumo de lácteos desde la segunda hasta la cuarta ronda y el exceso de peso (sobrepeso/obesidad) en la cuarta ronda. RESULTADOS: Los análisis crudos de regresión de Poisson en la población total mostraron inicialmente asociación entre las variables de interés (RRc=2,44, IC 95%: 1,80-3,31, p<0,001), pero esta perdió significancia estadística después del análisis ajustado por sexo, edad, nivel socioeconómico, migración y consumo de frutas (RRa=1,03, IC 95%: 0,82-1,30, p>0,05). De igual forma, en los análisis realizados por país, tanto en modelo crudo como ajustado, no se evidenció asociación alguna (p>0,05). CONCLUSIÓN: No existe asociación entre el antecedente de consumo de lácteos en la niñez y el sobrepeso/obesidad en la adolescencia, en la población de la cohorte mayor del estudio “Niños del Milenio” (2006-2013) de los países participantes del estudio.BACKGROUND: Dairy consumption and its relationship with nutritional status (overweight/obesity) have been little investigated in longitudinal researches in developing countries throughout the years and its protective effect is still highly controversial today. OBJECTIVE: Estimate the strength of association between dairy products consumption and nutritional status (overweight/obesity) of the participating children from the older cohort (2006-2013) of the “Young Lives” research in four developing countries (Ethiopia, India, Peru and Vietnam). METHODS: Secondary analysis of the older cohort from the “Youngs Lives” longitudinal research, considering the exposure to dairy consumption since the second to the fourth round, and the weight excess (overweight/obesity) in the fourth round. RESULTS: Crude analyzes of Poisson regression in total population initially showed association between interest variables (RRc=2,44, IC 95%: 1,80-3,31, p<0,001), but it lost statistical significance after the analysis adjusted by sex, age, socioeconomic level, migration and fruit consumption (RRa=1,03, IC 95%: 0,82-1,30, p>0,05). Similarly, in the analyzes carried out by country, both in the crude and adjusted models, no association was evidenced (p> 0,05). CONCLUSIONS: There is no association between the history of dairy consumption in childhood and overweight/obesity in adolescence, in the population from the older cohort of "Young Lives" study (2006-2013) of the participating countries.
Tesis
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Rosso, Daniela Eugenia. "Caracterización físico-química y análisis tecnológico de los pigmentos del Middle Stone Age de la Cueva de Porc-Epic (Dire Dawa, Etiopía) = Caractérisation physico-chimique et analyse technologique des pigments Middle Stone Age de la Grotte du Porc-Épic (Dire Dawa, Éthiopie)." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/586314.
Full textAbstract:
El uso sistemático de colorantes, interpretado como la prueba de una cognición compleja y en algunos casos de una conducta simbólica, es uno de los rasgos culturales más controvertidos en prehistoria. Los estudios detallados de las diferentes fases de tratamiento de este material son escasos, especialmente en África Oriental, a pesar de la importancia de esta zona en el estudio del origen de los Humanos anatómicamente modernos. La finalidad de la presente tesis es reconstruir la cadena operativa del tratamiento de los colorantes de la cueva de Porc-Epic (Dire Dawa, Etiopía), yacimiento clave del Middle Stone Age (MSA) del Cuerno de África, para averiguar su función y significado en las poblaciones MSA. Nuestros resultados demuestran que esta colección de colorantes es la más amplia jamás hallada en un yacimiento MSA, con sus 40 kg de colorantes (n = 4213 piezas), 21 útiles para su tratamiento y dos cantos con residuos rojos encontrados en niveles de ca. 40 ka cal BP. El análisis de la distribución espacial de los colorantes ha permitido determinar que la secuencia no ha sido perturbada significativamente. Se han identificado zonas de acumulación de colorantes, interpretadas como áreas especializadas para el procesado de este material. El análisis tecnológico de los fragmentos de colorantes y de los útiles para su procesado nos ha permitido identificar diferentes tipos de marcas de uso. A través de análisis por espectroscopia µ-Raman, MEB-EDS y DRX hemos comprobado que los molinos y machacadores fueron empleados para procesar diferentes tipos de colorantes. La variedad de materias primas y técnicas de procesado parecen indicar que los habitantes de la cueva producían polvos de colorantes de diferentes colores y texturas, adaptados a diferentes funciones. Se ha observado una continuidad a lo largo de la secuencia en el tratamiento de este material, que hemos interpretado como la expresión de una adaptación cultural transmitida a lo largo del tiempo. Los análisis rugosimétricos nos han permitido determinar que los colorantes se procesaban para producir cantidades reducidas de polvo. Esto, y la presencia de un canto posiblemente usado como tampón parecen sugerir un uso para actividades simbólicas. A través de un análisis etnoarqueológico del uso de colorantes en la sociedad Hamar (Etiopía) hemos valorado la complejidad de la cadena operativa de este material y destacado su función a la vez simbólica y funcional en las sociedades tradicionales.L’utilisation de l’ocre, interprétée comme la preuve d’une cognition complexe et dans certains cas d’un comportement symbolique, est l’un des traits culturels les plus controversés en contexte paléolithique. Les analyses systématiques de ses différentes phases de traitement sont rares, particulièrement en Afrique de l’Est, malgré l’importance de cette région pour l’étude de l’origine de l’homme moderne. Le but de cette thèse est de reconstruire la chaîne opératoire du traitement de l’ocre à la grotte du Porc-Epic (Dire Dawa, Ethiopie), site clef de la Corne de l’Afrique, afin de déterminer sa fonction et son rôle au sein de populations MSA. Nos résultats montrent que cette collection d’ocre est la plus abondante connue jusqu’à présent dans un site paléolithique, avec 40 kg d’ocre (n = 4213 pièces), 21 outils de traitement et deux galets ocrés trouvés dans des niveaux de ca. 40 ka cal BP. L’analyse de la distribution spatiale a permis de déterminer que la séquence n’a pas été perturbée significativement. Nous avons identifié des zones d’accumulation d’ocre interprétées comme des aires consacrées au traitement de ce matériel. L’analyse technologique a permis d’identifier une grande variété de traces d’utilisation. A travers une analyse par µ-Raman, MEB-EDS et DRX nous avons démontré que les meules et broyeurs ont été utilisés pour traiter différentes types d’ocre. La variété de matières premières et des techniques de traitement indiquent une production de poudres de différentes couleurs et textures, adaptées à des fonctions diverses. Une continuité dans le traitement de l’ocre a été mise en évidence le long de la séquence et interprétée comme le reflet d’une adaptation culturelle transmise au cours du temps. Des analyses rugosimétriques ont montré que l’ocre était traitée pour produire des quantités réduites de poudre. Cela, ainsi que la présence d’un galet possiblement utilisé comme tampon, semblent indiquer une utilisation de l’ocre pour des activités symboliques. Une analyse ethnoarchéologique de l’ocre chez les Hamar (Ethiopie) nous a permis d’évaluer la complexité du traitement de ce matériel et de souligner sa fonction à la fois utilitaire et symbolique.
Ochre is one of the most controversial features found at Palaeolithic sites. It is often interpreted as proof of behavioural complexity and, in some cases, as a marker of symbolically mediated behaviour. Detailed reconstructions of ochre processing techniques are rare, particularly in East Africa, despite the fact that it is one of the most significant areas for the study of the emergence of Homo sapiens. The aim of this thesis is to conduct a detailed reconstruction of the ochre chaîne opératoire at Porc-Epic Cave (Dire Dawa, Ethiopia), key site for the East African Middle Stone Age (MSA). Our approach permits the function of ochre and its significance for late MSA groups to be explored. Our results show that this site has yielded the largest known MSA ochre collection, comprising 40 kg of ochre (n = 4213 pieces), 21 ochre processing tools and two ochre-stained artefacts from levels dated to ca. 40 ka cal BP. The analysis of the spatial distribution suggests that no major post-depositional reworking occurred at the site and allowed us to identify ochre accumulations, interpreted as areas devoted to ochre processing. Different types of modification marks were identified. SEM-EDS, µ-Raman and XRD analyses conducted on ochre residues from the processing tools suggest that these tools were used to process different types of ochre. The variety of raw materials and processing techniques indicates that ochre powder of different coarseness and shades was used for a variety of functions. Our results identify patterns of continuity in ochre acquisition, treatment and use, interpreted as the expression of a cohesive cultural adaptation, consistently transmitted through time. Rugosimetric analyses show that ochre was probably processed to produce small amounts of ochre powder. Additionally, a pebble possibly used as a stamp was identified. This seems to suggest a use of ochre for symbolic activities. An ethnoarchaeological analysis of ochre use among the Hamar, Ethiopia, allowed us to evaluate the complexity of the ochre chaîne opératoire and to highlight its use in both functional and symbolic activities.
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Scarfone, Marianna. "La psichiatria coloniale italiana : teorie, pratiche, protagonisti, istituzioni 1906-1952." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LYO20035.
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Ce travail aborde les développements de la psychiatrie dans les colonies italiennes de la Corne de l’Afrique et de la Libye. La psychiatrie coloniale – que l’on appelle aussi ‘ethnographique’, ‘comparée’, ‘raciale’ – se nourrit de théories anthropologiques consolidées, de mensurations anthropométriques, d’observations cliniques ; c’est dans ce cadre complexe qu’elle émerge comme discipline autonome, en partie au moins, par rapport à la psychiatrie de le mère-patrie et qu’elle contribue au bon fonctionnement du régime colonial. Les protagonistes sont en premier lieu les médecins et les patients ; à l’arrière plan on trouve aussi les administrateurs et les hommes politiques, ou encore les familles et les communautés d’origine des patients. À travers des documents précieux comme les dossiers médicaux, il est possible de reconstituer les parcours des patients, de raconter des histoires de vie et d’identifier des éléments récurrents dans les différentes expériences. De plus, grâce à la documentation privée de certains médecins coloniaux, il est possible de saisir les motivations qui poussaient certains spécialistes à venir exercer dans les colonies. L’étude de la littérature psychiatrique de l’époque, associée à l’analyse des parcours des médecins, fait apparaître les échanges et les influences qui marquaient l’activité des psychiatres coloniaux. En ce sens il m’a semblé important d’analyser les modèles anglais et français dont les médecins italiens déclarent s’inspirer dans leur réflexion théorique et donc dans la construction de la discipline ainsi que dans les solutions pratiques mises en œuvre pour faire face à la question psychiatrique dès le début des différentes expériences coloniales. Le nœud de l’assistance aux colons et aux militaires qui présentaient des troubles psychiques, ainsi qu’aux indigènes considérés fous, a plus retenu l’attention dans la colonie libyenne (déjà en 1911-1912, avec des réalisations institutionnelles dans les années trente) tandis que dans les colonies de l’Afrique orientale italienne, la question de l’assistance psychiatrique a été moins débattue, débouchant par conséquent sur très peu de réalisations pratiquesThe dissertation reviews the ways in which psychiatry developed in the Italian colonies in the Horn of Africa and in Libya. Colonial psychiatry – variously called “ethnographic”, “comparative”, or “racial” psychiatry – drew on established anthropological theories, anthropometric measurements and clinical observations, the consistently-organized framework within which it emerged as an discipline supporting colonial government and at least partially independent of psychiatry in the home country. The primary interaction within this colonial psychiatry was that between doctors and patients; in the background were the colonial administrators, the political decision-makers, and the patients’ families and home communities. Precious documentary resources such as medical records let us trace patients’ careers, tell their life stories, reconstruct typical cases and confirm recurrent features in their various experiences; from the private papers of some colonial doctors we can gather the specialists’ motivations to move to the colonies; and an examination of the psychiatric literature of the day enables us to reconstruct the discussions and inspirations which fostered the work of the colonial psychiatrists. I have recognized the importance of analysing the British and (still more) the French models from which the Italian clinicians claimed to draw their inspiration, both in terms of theory (and the construction of the resulting discipline), and in the practical solutions implemented to tackle psychiatric issues from the earliest days of the various colonial experiments. This issue – of supporting psychiatrically-afflicted colonists and soldiers and natives regarded as “mad” – was paid most attention in the Libyan colony, starting in the very first months of the occupation (in 1911 and 1912) and then taking institutional form in the 1930s; in the colonies of what was known as “Italian East Africa”, on the other hand, there was less discussion of psychiatric support and correspondingly limited practical achievements
La tesi percorre gli sviluppi della psichiatria nelle colonia libica e nelle colonie del Corno d’Africa. La psichiatria coloniale – che assume denominazioni diverse: ‘etnografica’, ‘comparata’, ‘razziale’ – si nutre di teorie antropologiche consolidate, di misurazioni antropometriche, di osservazioni cliniche ed è in questo quadro articolato che emerge come disciplina autonoma, almeno in parte, rispetto alla psichiatria della madrepatria, e funzionale al buon ordine del regime coloniale. Nella cornice della psichiatria coloniale interagiscono in primo luogo medici e pazienti; sullo sfondo ci sono gli amministratori e i decisori politici, le famiglie e le comunità di provenienza dei pazienti. Attraverso documenti preziosi come le cartelle cliniche è possibile tracciare le traiettorie dei pazienti, raccontare storie di vita, ricostruire casi esemplari e fissare dei punti ricorrenti nelle diverse esperienze. Grazie alla documentazione privata di alcuni medici coloniali è possibile cogliere le ragioni che spingevano gli specialisti in colonia. Infine la letteratura psichiatrica del periodo preso in esame permette di ricostruire gli scambi e le ispirazioni che alimentavano l’attività degli psichiatri coloniali. In tal senso si è ritenuto importante analizzare i modelli inglese e soprattutto francese a cui i medici italiani dichiarano di ispirarsi, sia nella riflessione teorica e quindi nella costruzione della disciplina, sia nelle soluzioni pratiche attuate per far fronte alla questione psichiatrica sin dai primi tempi delle diverse esperienze coloniali. Tale questione, ovvero il problema dell'assistenza ai coloni e ai militari che presentavano disturbi psichiatrici nonché agli indigeni ritenuti folli, ha ricevuto maggiore attenzione nella colonia libica, e questo sin dai primi mesi della sua occupazione, tra 1911 e 1912, per poi manifestarsi in realizzazioni istituzionali negli anni Trenta; mentre nelle colonie della cosiddetta Africa Orientale Italiana il tema dell’assistenza psichiatrica è stato meno dibattuto, sfociando pertanto in scarse realizzazioni pratiche
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Alemu, Biresaw M. "Vegetation structure and diversity of woody plants in Hamusit and Jawi woodlands, Amhara National Regional State, Ethiopia." Doctoral thesis, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-93548.
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Záhořík, Jan. "Etiopie v mezinárodních vztazích, 1923-1925. Vytváření mýtů a představ." Doctoral thesis, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-290251.
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The work Ethiopia in international relations, 1923-1935. Creating myths and images, aims to analyze a position of Ethiopia in international relations with a special focus on two aspects: first, to clarify a role of creating image of Ethiopia as a "barbarous, backward country, which is necessary to civilize" in an international context; second, to show Ethiopia from the European media point of view with a particular interest in the Czechoslovak press. The work is thus not directed as clearly historical work but its message lies rather in symbolical level. On the background of historical imagology I try to show changes of imagining Ethiopia from the symbolical admission to the League of Nations and international political chessboard until the invasion of the Italian troops in the Ethiopian territory and thereby an end of waiting for foreign help. The work shows how fates of small countries like Ethiopia or Czechoslovakia have been written rather in power and colonial centres of that time. When Ethiopia entered the League of Nations as the only independent African country, it was the time of growing potential of several European countries - Italy and Germany - who were able to recast their colonial or expansive plans into reality. The European powers France and Great Britain, in distress of possible...
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Gebrekidan, Hirut Assefa. "Transnacionální vazby, integrace a vliv etiopské diaspory na rozvoj Etiopie." Master's thesis, 2020. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-415308.
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Tato práce si klade za cíl prozkoumat vliv Etiopanů žijících v zahraničí na rozvoj jejich domovské země, jejich vliv na nedávné politické změny a zároveň konfrontovat názory Etiopanů v zahraničí (dále označováni jako diaspora) s podobnou skupinou respondentů žijících trvale v Etiopii. Kromě toho také zkoumá transnacionální vazby a migrační a integrační zkušenosti Etiopanů v zahraničí a migrační plányvzorku respondentů žijících v Etiopii. Výzkum je založen na internetovém dotazníkovém šetření mezi 137 respondenty, kteří byli identifikováni prostřednictvím autorčiny sociální sítě (tzn. záměrný výběr). Vzorek respondentů byl složen z těch, kteří žijí v zahraničí v Západních zemích (N = 75) a těch, kteří žijí v Etiopii. (N=62). Výzkum ukázal, že navzdory uváděné ochotě podílet se na rozvoji domovské země, je účast diaspory na oficiálních aktivitách přispívajících k ekonomickému rozvoji Etiopie poměrně malá, byť větší část respondentů potvrdila poskytování remitencí svým rodinám v Etiopii (finančních, hmotných i sociálních). Identifikován byl významný vnímaný vliv diaspory na probíhající politickou transformaci země i etnickou mobilizaci (včetně etnických tenzí). Vedle dalších poznatků výzkum také naznačil, že respondenti žijící v zahraničí se cítí být dobře integrováni, udržují transnacionální vazby na...
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Odvárková, Veronika. "Etiopie - analýza školního vzdělávacího systému se zaměřením na podporu školství ve spolupráci s Českou republikou." Master's thesis, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-250833.
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The diploma thesis focuses on the school education system in Ethiopia, analyzes its structure and subsequently identifies schools built in Ethiopia Czech non-governmental organizations. The diploma thesis also deals with international development cooperation of the Czech Republic, its development and focus. The part of diploma thesis is the construction of a composite indicator of the level of education in selected countries in East Africa, including Ethiopia, with the map display and evaluation. The final part consists of quantitative research, which was conducted through a survey to determine the perceived support of the Czech Republic in the field of development cooperation.
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Krieglerová, Tereza. "Rehabilitace degradovaných půd lesnickými opatřeními, případová studie Awassa Zuryia Woreda z jižní Etiopie." Master's thesis, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-151359.
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Zárubová, Martina. "Amharové v Etiopii." Master's thesis, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-339994.
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The aim of this thesis is to present from the historical perspective the Ethiopian Amharas as a nation, which, even though they are not forming majority of the state, they had and still have major impact on the Ethiopian society. They also maintained influence on other nations mainly thanks to the Amharic language, which became the official language of the whole of Ethiopia. The structure of the work is divided in such a way in order to include all the relevant phases that are related to the history and life of the Ethiopian Amharas. The compilation of the work is based on the theoretical analysis and the study of the literature. In the thesis I give a brief overview of the history, including the legend of the origin of the Solomon dynasty, to which the Amharas still avow. In the view of the fact that significant role in Ethiopian society plays also the affiliation of most of the Amharas with the Ethiopian Orthodox Church, I deal with its history and hierarchies. I also apprise of the religious rituals, feasts and celebrations. In individual parts I follow up the historical roots of Amharic and its relevance to a particular language group. Role of Amharic is analyzed with respect to the educational system in Ethiopia, I am also referring to its role in connection with the so-called Amharization...
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Hofmann, Radek. "Regenerační schopnost Acacia saligna a sekundární sukcese dřevin na odlesněných svazích okolí jezera Awassa (Etiopie, SNNPR)." Master's thesis, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-428311.
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The content of this thesis is to determine the current state of secondary succession of trees in the southwestern part of Ethiopia, in the surroundings of Lake Awassa, on the slopes of Kebele (the smallest administrative unit in Ethiopia) Umbullo Kajima and implementation of the coppicing experiment of the species Acacia saligna. After the elaboration of the methodology, the research of both parts of the work was carried out. The field research itself has been running since 17. 7. 2016 to 08. 08. 2016. In the research section focused on secondary succession, the occurrence of native species and the successful extension of plantations from the past project years were found. For Acacia saligna was confirmed coppicing ability.
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Lasáková, Martina. "Etiopská migrace do Česka: genderové a integrační aspekty." Master's thesis, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-397077.
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The thesis examines the integration and gender aspect of Ethiopian migration to the Czech Republic. The emphasis is particularly put on the integration of Ethiopians in individual dimensions of integration and gender based differences of men and women within the migration process. For this purpose was used the qualitative research, namely structured interviews with open questions. The main aim is finding, if the Ethiopians are sufficiently integrated in the Czech Republic and if differences, which are allocated to them from the point of view of gender, influence their behaviour within migration process. Finally, two aspects are connected and it is possible to see if the Ethiopian men or Ethiopian women are more integrated within czech society. Keywords: Ethiopia, gender, integration, migration
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Unčovský, Štěpán. "Model lesního hospodaření v nárazníkových pásmech chráněných oblastí se zřetelem na ekonomické možnosti rozvojových zemína příkladu Etiopie/." Doctoral thesis, 1999. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-94972.
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