Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Etnisk stat'

Den här studien handlar om den etniska bostadssegregationen i Norrby, ett bostadsområde i Borås. I Norrby bor en majoritet av människor tillhörande etniska minoriteter och ett högt antal av dessa människor är arbetslösa. Syftet med denna studie är att ta reda på vilka de bidragande faktorerna som ett antal personer från myndigheter och lokala organisationer anger till den etniska bostadssegregationen i Norrby och vad man gör från myndigheters och lokala organisationers håll för att integrera och motverka segregationen. Studien är en kvalitativ studie med semistrukturerade intervjuer med personer från myndigheter och lokala organisationer kopplade till Norrby. Resultatet visar att de bidragande faktorerna som de intervjuade anger till den etniska bostadssegregationen är många. Ur ett historiskt perspektiv har det alltid funnits lägenheter tillhands, hyrorna på dessa lägenheter attraherar etniska minoritetsfamiljer. Vidare framhåller respondenterna att många etniska minoritetsgrupper bosätter sig i Norrby för att deras landsmän bor där. Vidare framgår det att myndigheter och lokala organisationer främst försöker integrera och motverka segregationen genom arbete. Att integreras mot arbetsmarknaden ses som den bästa lösningen. I denna studie kommer vi fram till att respondenterna är eniga om att den etniska stadssegregationens bidragande faktorer bör ses ur både ett historiskt perspektiv (arbetskraftsinvandringen samt tillgängligheten på lägenheter), samt att självsegregationen bland etniska minoriteter är en kraftigt bidragande faktor i Norrbys fall. Sist men inte minst beaktas även de olika kapitalens inflytande. Det mest utmärkande är det ekonomiska och sociala kapitalet vars inverkan på etniska minoritetsgruppers bosättning i Norrby bör uppmärksammas. Myndigheterna och de lokala organisationerna försöker motverka segregationen och integrerar främst genom arbetsmarknadsåtgärder, vidare använder man sig av strategier för att utbilda och bidra till sociala nätverk.
Program: Organisations- och personalutvecklare i samhället

Sverige har idag utvecklats till ett mångkulturellt land med många olika etniciteter i samhället. Denna utveckling har resulterat i att det råder uppdelning av folkgrupper. I denna studie har vi valt fokuserat på den etniska boendesegregationen som råder i många delar av landet. För att kunna genomföra studien har vi valt att begränsa oss till stadsdelen Norrby i Borås. Syftet med studien är att undersöka vilka faktorer det är som främst kan förklara att komplexa samverkansprojekt blir framgångsrika respektive problematiska. Tillit och samverkan sammankopplas till studien genom detta syfte för att bilda en förståelse om hur samverkan och tillit i komplexa nätverk med många aktörer och andra individer kan gå till. För att kunna genomföra studien har vi fördjupat oss i hur Borås Stad implementerar sina intentioner och åtgärder för att minska den etniska bostadssegregationen på Norrby. Studien inkluderar en kvalitativ forskningsstudie med kvalitativa intervjuer av olika aktörer i Borås Stad. Resultatet visar att det föreligger olika faktorer som påverkar framgångarna och motgångarna i samverkansprojekt. De faktorer som påverkar framgången är att aktörerna stödjer varandra i samarbetet, visar öppenhet och ömsesidighet, är faktorer som främjar både tillit och samverkan. Ytterligare faktorer som också främjar skapandet av tillit i samverkan är att parterna hanterar sina ansvarsområden och låter de andra aktörerna, men också invånarna vara delaktiga i samverkan. De hämmande faktorerna är bland annat brist på resurser i samverkan vilket leder till att det inte går att utföra löften. Att arbeta med integration är också ett omfattande arbete vilket har lett till att ansvar och engagemang i samverkan kräver konstant ingripande. Slutligen utgörs de sista faktorerna av att det förekommer en brist på kommunikation och ömsesidighet mellan aktörerna såväl som invånarna och att vissa aktörer uppfattas bli passiva.
Today, Sweden has developed into a multicultural country along with several different ethnicities in the urban community. This development has resulted in a state of fragmentation in the community. In this study, we choose to focus on the ethnic residential segregation that occurs all over the country. In order to accomplish this study, we also choose to confine ourselves to the urban district Norrby in Borås. The purpose of this study, is to research what factors that mainly can explain why complex collaboration projects turns out to be successful or problematic. Trust and collaboration are linked to the study through this purpose in order to create an understanding of how collaboration and trust in complex networks involving a great number of participants and other individuals could appear. In order to accomplish the study, we have immersed in how City of Borås implements their intentions and interventions in order to reduce the ethnic residential segregation in Norrby. The study includes a qualitative research study, together with qualitative interviews from different participants in Borås. The results show that it exists different factors which influence both prosperity and setbacks in projects of collaboration. The factors influencing prosperity, is that participants support each other in the collaboration, shows openness and reciprocity towards each other. These are factors which improve trust and collaboration. Other factors that also improve the creation of trust in collaboration is that the parties handle their area of responsibility and allow the other participants, but also the residents to be a part of the collaboration process. The repressive factors are among other, a lack of resources in the collaboration process, which leads to promises being broken. Working with integration is also a comprehensive task, which have resulted in responsibility and commitment in collaboration requires constant intervening. Finally, the last factors consist of the fact that it occurs a lack of communication and reciprocity between the participants, as well as between the residential and some participants whom are being perceived passive. This thesis is written in Swedish.

The purpose with this study is to investigate, scrutinize and to understand the current political situation in Ukraine and why it has not been progressed. The disastrous democratic process and the country´s existing and indefatigable problems are studied through dynamics that deals with the country’s ethnic divisions and the conflict with Russia regarding several regions in Ukraine. In this paper, a case study is used as the method, and by applying Anna Jarstads dilemmas of democracy process and Arend Lijpharts Consociational democracy is as well, the investigation shows that this system of democracy model can be successful Ukraine if they take regards to Anna Jarstads four dilemmas. The conclusion of this study means that it is important to take regards into the dilemmas of democracy and therefore must be regarded to when a country is trying to build a state based on democracy and that no improvement can be done without it. And the process of democracy should take impression of the Consociational democracy model, otherwise it´s more likely that the political volatility will remain and further increase.

Labour migration to Sweden is analysed from a labour perspective. As regards theory, the thesis focuses on how class and ethnicity intersect in a capitalistic setting, but it also gives attention to gender and age as structural principles. The main purpose is to analyse migrants in Sweden as a party in the relationship between labour and capital, and to explore how the immigration and the active recruitment of workers in other countries affected and was affected by the relative strengths of the parties on the labour market, covering the period 1945–1952. The relationship between labour and capital, regarding migration-related issues, is analysed from above and below on both national and local level, and the thesis discerns how the state mediated between the parties. It examines the first encounters between foreign-born and native-born workers at shop-floor level, how these encounters affected the relationship between the trade union and the industrial management concerned, and explores how all this, in turn, affected the relationship between the national parties on the Swedish labour market. A structural perspective is combined with micro analyses of narratives from the actors involved, which opens up for a study of the history of society. Firstly, the thesis addresses the relationship between the Swedish Engineering Employers’ Association and the Swedish Metalworkers’ Union, and secondly it is a local workplace study, focusing on Svenska Stålpressnings AB in Olofström (the Swedish Steel Pressing Company). The more precise focus of attention is on war refugees from Estonia employed by the company in Olofström between 1945 and 1947, and on Estonians recruited directly from West German refugee camps in the early 1950s. The study reveals that the Metalworkers’ Union at first opposed labour recruitment abroad – at both national and local level –, but also how coincident interests developed between labour, capital and the state regarding labour immigration. An important finding is that the Metalworkers’ Union had great influence considering which companies would be allowed to recruit foreign-born workers, and that the trade union could direct the migrations to workplaces with acceptable staff policies. A fundamental research problem for the thesis is, furthermore, how social groups construct ethnic boundaries between “us” and “the others”. It is stressed that Estonians’ background experiences and social memories differed from those of the Swedish workers, and that these differences affected the outcomes of the first encounters. But it is also pointed out that the Estonian group was internally divided, with a basis in interwar Estonian political history and in disparate class backgrounds among the Estonians.

Anemia is a "agravo" that transcend in magnitude and assail in a more intense way the childish group, where it brings grave consequences to children growth, endangering the individual and the society. The purpose was describing the anemia prevalence and its relation with several associated factors in a indigenous ethnic. Using a transversal studying the studied population was formed by all children from 6 to 59 months from Karapató ethnic that were in hamlet at the moment of teh studying (n=99), Plak-ô Hamlets' (n=34) and Terra Nova's (n=65) residents, city of São Sebastião - Alagoas. The anemia evaluation was made by hemoglobine dosage "mediante" the use of a Hemocue portable "fotômetro". The food security perception was evaluated in all families in the study, using the Food Insecurity Brazilian Scale (from EBIA, in portuguese), "coproparasitológicos" exams were analyzed by the spontaneous methods (HPJ) and Cato/Kats and the nutritional state classification was made from indexes: stature/age, weight/age, weight/stature. Children's anemia prevalence was 57.5% while maternal anemia was 41.6%. Hemoglobine level of children increased in function of maternal age and education, and decreased among children with weight deficit for stature and precocious weaning. Anemia prevalence associated to a higher number of family members and lower possession of items of use, to the housing and the food (in)security. The "enteroparasitoses" and anemia prevalences were higher in Terra Nova hamlet (70.2%, 70.7%, respectively) compared with Plak-ô hamlet (62.9%, 32.3%, respectively too), presenting significant differences in the anemia prevalences per hamlet. A higher frequency of poliparasitismo , like cases of moderated and grave anemia cases were detected in Terra Nova hamlet. The food in(security) prevalence in Terra Nova and Plak-ô hamlets was 84.3% and 85.7%, respectively. "Enteroparasitoses" associated to a lower number of house rooms and a higher age range in children from Terra Nova hamlet. Between hamlets, the discovered significant differences were with regard to anemia, maternal literacy and maternal weaning. In a general way, the presented grave situation reflects the complexity of a population living in substandard conditions of life and in a search for its cultural identity, in constant confront with questions with regard to its ethnic survival, like the land possession and the survival ways that clearly ensues int the detected discrepancies between the hamlets in which the Karapotó people are distributed.
Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Alagoas
A anemia é um agravo que transcende em magnitude e acomete de forma mais intensa o grupo infantil, trazendo consequências graves ao desenvolvimento, comprometendo, assim, o indivíduo e a sociedade. Objetivou-se descrever em uma etnia indígena a prevalência de anemia e a sua relação com diversos fatores associados, com base em um estudo transversal. A população estudada foi constituída por todas as crianças de 6 a 59 meses da etnia Karapotó, presentes nas aldeias no momento do estudo (n=99), residentes nas aldeias Plak-ô (n=34) e no povoado Terra Nova (n=65), município de São Sebastião Alagoas. A avaliação da anemia foi realizada pela dosagem de hemoglobina mediante o uso de um fotômetro portátil Hemocue. A percepção de segurança alimentar foi avaliada em todas as famílias do estudo, utilizando-se a Escala Brasileira de Insegurança Alimentar (EBIA). Os exames coproparasitológicos foram analisados pelos métodos de sedimentação espontânea ( HPJ) e Cato/Kats, e a classificação do estado nutricional foi feita a partir dos índices estatura/idade, peso/idade, peso/estatura. A prevalência de anemia nas crianças foi de 57,5% enquanto a anemia materna foi de 41,6%. O nível de hemoglobina das crianças aumentava em função da idade e da escolaridade materna e diminuía entre as crianças com déficit de peso para estatura e menor tempo de aleitamento. A prevalência de anemia associou-se a um maior número de membros da família e menor posse de itens de consumo, ao local de moradia e à (in)segurança alimentar. As prevalências de enteroparasitoses e anemia foram mais elevadas no povoado Terra Nova (70,2%, 70,7%, respectivamente) comparadas com a aldeia Plak-ô( 62,9%, 32,3%), apresentando diferenças significativas nas prevalência de anemia por aldeia. Uma maior frequência de poliparasitismo, assim como os casos de anemia moderada e grave foram detectados no povoado Terra Nova. A prevalência de (in)segurança Alimentar no povoado Terra nova e na aldeia Plak-ô foi de 84,3% e de 85,7%, respectivamente. As enteroparasitoses se associaram a um menor número de cômodos das casas e à maior faixa etária das crianças na aldeia Terra Nova. Entre aldeias, as diferenças significantes encontradas foram em relação à anemia, alfabetização materna e idade de desmame. De modo geral, a grave situação apresentada reflete a complexidade de uma população vivendo em precárias condições de vida e na busca de sua identidade cultural, em constante confronto com questões que dizem respeito a sua sobrevivência étnica, como a posse da terra e os meios de sobrevivência que claramente resultam nas discrepâncias detectadas entre os locais de moradia onde esta distribuído o povo Karapotó.

Orientador: Robin Michael Wright
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas
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Resumo: Este estudo tem como objetivo indagar e analisar as características do projeto de Estado-Nação guatemalteco na Guatemala atual. Portanto, a partir da etnia e do gênero, investiga os avanços e os limites com relação às reivindicações dos povos indígenas e das mulheres, principalmente Maya, e ao mesmo tempo identifica o lugar deles e delas nas tentativas da re-configuração do Estado-nação guatemalteco. Dessa forma, enfatiza a análise nos quatro pilares principais da estrutura do Estado, que são: a) representatividade e participação dos povos indígenas e das mulheres; b) acesso, segurança jurídica e uso da terra; c) saúde; e d) educação. Para a realização deste estudo, utilizaram-se fontes históricas e bibliográficas sobre a história dos povos indígenas e as mulheres tanto na Guatemala como de outros lugares do mundo. A tese também analisa quatro propostas de desenvolvimento rural publicadas entre 2001 e 2002 na Guatemala, dois acordos de paz que estão estreitamente relacionados com os compromissos étnicos e de gênero e minhas próprias experiências de engajamento nas reivindicações históricas dos indígenas e das mulheres com relação a política étnica com enfoque de gênero na Guatemala atual
Abstract: The objective of this study is to inquire about and analyze the features of the Guatemalan Nation-State project in present-day Guatemala. Thus, the inquiry will be based on a consideration of ethnicity and gender, investigating the advances and limitations of the project with regard to the legitimate claims of indigenous peoples and women, mainly Mayan, and simultaneously identifying their places in the concrete proposals to reshape the Guatemalan Nation-State. In this way, the emphasis of the analysis is on the four main pillars of the structure of the State which are:: a) representation and participation of the indigenous peoples and women; b) access to, legal security over and use of the land; c) health; and d) education. To undertake this study, historical and bibliographical sources were utilized on the history of the indigenous peoples and women both in Guatemala and in other places of the world. Also, this thesis utilizes materials from four proposals for rural development published between 2001 and 2002 in Guatemala, two peace accords that are strictly related to ethnic and gender commitments and my own experiences of political engagement in the historical claims of indigenous peoples and women in relation to ethnic politics focused on gender in present-day Guatemala
Mestrado
Mestre em Antropologia Social

A presente dissertação tem por objectivo analisar a evolução e a situação contemporânea do nacionalismo búlgaro e das identidades nacionais no país que se foram desenvolvendo durante os anos sob a pressão da integração europeia. Partindo das principais teorias sobre nacionalismo pretendemos analisar como um caso específico, o da Bulgária, se insere nas tendências mundiais e como acontecimentos importantes, como a transição do sistema político e a adesão à EU influenciaram a sociedade búlgara. No trabalho, iremos destacar questões relacionadas com as teorias de Benedict Anderson e Eric Hobsbawm, entre outros, e como estas teorias podem ser aplicadas ao caso búlgaro. Iremos avaliar as políticas nacionais em relação às minorias étnicas e religiosas no país, como também as tendências mundiais de homogeneização cultural e o seu impacto na Bulgária. Adoptando uma perspectiva político-cultural iremos verificar como importantes acontecimentos no país influenciaram a vida dos cidadãos das diferentes etnias; ABSTRACT:This dissertation aims to analyze the evolution and contemporary situation of Bulgarian nationalism and national identities in the country that have developed during the years under the pressure of European integration. Using the theories about nationalism we intend to analyze how a particular case of Bulgaria falls in world trends and events of importance, like the transition of the political system and the EU accession, influenced the Bulgarian society. In the article we will highlight issues related to the theories of Benedict Anderson and Eric Hobsbawm, among others, and how these theories can be applied to the Bulgarian case. We will evaluate national policies in relation to ethnic and religious minorities in the country, as well as global trends of cultural homogenization and its impact on Bulgaria. Adopting a political-cultural perspective we see how important events in the country affected the lives of citizens of diferente ethnicities.

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Na Universidade Estadual da Paraíba (UEPB), no ano de 2006, através da Resolução UEPB/CONSEPE/06/2006, foi definida uma política de reserva de vagas para o Concurso Vestibular da Instituição. Sendo assim, a partir do ano de 2007 na UEPB, a partir da Resolução supracitada, cinqüenta por cento (50%) do total de vagas de cada curso de graduação passou a ser destinado a candidatos aprovados no Vestibular da Instituição que tivessem cursado integralmente o Ensino Médio em escolas públicas do Estado da Paraíba. Vale ressaltar que a implantação desta política se deu de modo gradativo, pois a reserva de vagas definidas na Resolução 06/2006 do Conselho de Ensino, Pesquisa e Extensão da UEPB foi implementada na ordem de dez por cento (10%) a cada ano a partir de 2007, de modo que atualmente esta política já foi integralizada em termos de reserva de vagas. Ao contrário da UERJ, que destinou um percentual de vagas específico para negros, a UEPB estabeleceu apenas um percentual para aqueles considerados “carentes”. Cumpre destacar que, de acordo com inúmeras pesquisas realizadas no Brasil, os negros estão alocados, em sua grande maioria, nas classes sociais mais baixas (FERNANDES, 1978; HASENBALG, 1979; MOURA, 1988; AZEVEDO, 1996; PINTO, 1998; TEIXEIRA, 2003; D‟ADESKY, 2001). Propõe-se aqui, portanto, um estudo sobre a questão da inclusão de alunos(as) negros(as) no Campus VI da UEPB através da Política de Cotas Sociais da Instituição e suas trajetórias. O que se pretende compreender é, em última instância, como estes alunos(as) se vêem enquanto negro(s) e “cotistas”, quais os caminhos percorridos por estes(as) até chegar à UEPB e ainda perceber suas trajetórias no âmbito desta Instituição. O fato é que, segundo Teixeira (2003), nenhum autor questiona a relação entre raça ou etnicidade e as desigualdades sociais. Os estudos e pesquisas sobre a situação do negro na sociedade brasileira têm revelado ser a educação tradicionalmente um dos principais instrumentos capazes de promover a ascensão social e econômica do negro na busca de uma maior igualdade com os brancos (FERNANDES, 1978; PINTO, 1998; TEIXEIRA, 2003). Assim, como aponta Teixeira (2003), hoje é dada uma terceira atribuição à escola pelo meio mais politizado, a de reforçar a identidade positiva do negro enquanto tecnicamente singularizado. Nestes termos, esta pesquisa, que se delineia de modo analítico-descritivo e qualitativo, mediante realização de pesquisa bibliográfico-documental, da aplicação de questionários e da realização de entrevistas, pretende dar visibilidade àqueles que não aparecem nos gráficos estatísticos, sem contudo, limitar-se a “individualizar” algumas escolhas e trajetórias, procurando nelas seu sentido mais sociológico, ou seja, as bases sociais capazes de permitir a outros indivíduos escolhas e trajetórias semelhantes; e, ainda, sem abrir mão das análises mais amplas e abrangentes.
At the State University of Paraíba (UEPB), in 2006, through Resolution UEPB/CONSEPE /06/2006, a policy of reservation of vacancies was defined for the Vestibular Competition of the Institution. Therefore, from the year 2007 on UEPB, from the aforementioned Resolution, fifty percent (50%) of the total number of places in each undergraduate course started to be destined to approved candidates in the Vestibular of the Institution that had fully completed the High School in public schools in the State of Paraíba. It is worth emphasizing that the implementation of this policy has taken place gradually, since the reserve of vacancies defined in Resolution 06/2006 of the UEPB Teaching, Research and Extension Council was implemented in the order of ten percent (10%) each year to From 2007 onwards, so that this policy has now been paid in full in terms of vacancies. Unlike UERJ, which allocated a specific percentage of vacancies to blacks, UEPB established only a percentage for those considered "needy". It should be pointed out that, according to numerous researches carried out in Brazil, blacks are mostly allocated to lower social classes (FERNANDES, 1978; HASENBALG, 1979; MOURA, 1988; AZEVEDO, 1996; PINTO, 1998; TEIXEIRA, 2003; D'ADESKY, 2001). It is proposed, therefore, a study on the issue of the inclusion of black students in Campus VI of the UEPB through the Institution's Social Quota Policy and its trajectories. What we are trying to understand is, in the last analysis, how these students see themselves as blacks and "quotaters", what are their paths to reach the UEPB and still understand their trajectories within this Institution. The fact is that, according to Teixeira (2003), no author questions the relationship between race or ethnicity and social inequalities. Studies and research on the situation of the black in Brazilian society have revealed that education has traditionally been one of the main instruments capable of promoting the social and economic rise of the Negro in the quest for greater equality with whites (FERNANDES, 1978; PINTO, 1998; TEIXEIRA, 2003). Thus, as Teixeira (2003) points out, today a third assignment to the school is given by the more politicized means of reinforcing the positive identity of the Negro as technically unique. In this way, this research, which is delineated in an analytical-descriptive and qualitative way, through bibliographical-documentary research, the application of questionnaires and interviews, aims to give visibility to those that do not appear in the statistical graphs, without, however, limiting To "individualize" some choices and trajectories, seeking in them their more sociological sense, that is, the social bases capable of allowing other individuals choices and similar trajectories; And still without giving up the broader and more comprehensive analyzes.

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Brazil has an image of a tolerant and democratic nation that doesn't practice racial segregation. The ideology of miscegenation has been reproduced through repetition, generation after generation, using mainly the education system as vehicle, and the curriculum. The affirmative actions, in this case the policy of quotas, are questioning that image and making Brazilians think more critically about ethnic and racial justice and equity. The quotas are considered instruments for repairing, compensation and sociocultural inclusion. At UEMS, the quotas were established by the Law no. 2.589, of December 26, 2002, that reserves vacancies for indigenes and the Law no. 2.605, of January 6, 2003, that reserves 20% of the vacancies for blacks. They were regulated after debate with leaderships of the black movement, indigenes and the academic community. To follow up and evaluate the process of their implementation and their results, as the responsible manager for their implantation in UEMS, I accomplished this research as thesis of my doctorate in Education-Curriculum at PUC/SP, aiming to identify and to analyze to what or whom is attributed the success or academic failure of the students admitted in the quota system, from their admittance to graduation. It´s a qualitative research, that uses the case study methodology, but also quantitative data. Thirty seven (37) courses of the university were focus of the investigation. I analyzed and compared the performance of whites, blacks and indigenes from their admittance tests on December 2003, 2004, 2005 and 2006, to the final averages of their school years of 2004, 2005, 2006 and 2007, when the first students under the quota system concluded the four year courses. There were also applied questionnaires to identify the profile of those students. The results demonstrate that there isn t any significant difference between white and black students' academic performance under quota system. That conclusion disassembles the nucl
O Brasil tem uma imagem de nação tolerante e democrática que não pratica segregação racial. A ideologia da mestiçagem vem sendo reproduzida no sentido da repetição, geração após geração, usando principalmente como veículo de transmissão/reprodução o sistema de educação e dentro deste o currículo. As ações afirmativas, neste caso a política de cotas, vêm questionando essa imagem e fazendo com que os brasileiros pensem mais criticamente em justiça e eqüidade étnica e racial. As cotas são consideradas medidas de reparação, compensação e de inclusão sócio-cultural. Na UEMS, as cotas chegaram por meio da Lei nº. 2.589, de 26/12/2002, que dispõe sobre a reserva de vagas para indígenas, e a de nº. 2.605, de 06/01/2003, que dispõe sobre a reserva de 20% das vagas para negros. Foram regulamentadas mediante discussão com lideranças do movimento negro, indígenas e comunidade acadêmica. Para acompanhar e avaliar o processo de sua implementação e seus resultados, tendo sido eu a gestora responsável por sua implantação na UEMS, realizei esta pesquisa no doutorado em Educação-Currículo da PUC/SP, tendo como objetivo identificar e analisar o que ou a quem se atribui o sucesso ou insucesso acadêmico dos cotistas, do ingresso à formatura. É uma pesquisa qualitativa, que utiliza o estudo de caso como metodologia e também dados de natureza quantitativa. Foram pesquisados os trinta e sete (37) cursos da universidade, analisando-se e comparando-se o desempenho de brancos, negros e indígenas desde os dados dos vestibulares realizados no mês de dezembro dos anos de 2003, 2004, 2005 e 2006, bem como todas as médias finais dos anos letivos de 2004, 2005, 2006 e 2007, ano em que os primeiros cotistas concluíram os cursos de quatro anos. Também foram aplicados questionários para identificação do perfil dos cotistas. Os resultados apurados demonstram que não existem diferenças dignas de destaque entre o desempenho de brancos e negros cotistas. Essa conclusão desmonta o núcleo do argumento da meritocracia, demonstrando ademais que, diferentemente do que muitos apregoaram em tom de alerta e ameaça, o desempenho dos negros cotistas foi inteiramente satisfatório na média dos cursos, tendo sido superior ao dos brancos em vários deles. Quanto aos indígenas, o alto índice de abandono dos cursos é o que mais sobressai na pesquisa e se sobrepõe em importância aos resultados do seu desempenho acadêmico, que se mostrou insatisfatório. De modo geral, os resultados da pesquisa também mostram que a permanência no sistema de ensino superior é o maior desafio para brancos pobres, negros e indígenas

The dissertation is aimed at the analysis of various strategies and approaches of the international community in solving conflicts having originated due to the dissolution of former Yugoslavia since 1991. It is divided into two sections - the former being devoted to the historiographical description of events taking place in the particular countries with main focus on various peace plans and other initiatives proposed and suggested by the international community, while the latter emphasizes potential security threats that might be faced by the region. At the same time it is trying to offer lessons from the mistakes and failures made in the past, since these could become relevant for the international community when dealing with potential new conflicts. Current probability of the origin of new security threats in the form of ethnic conflicts was selected as the main criterion for the selection of countries analyzed in the dissertation - this is also why Croatia is excluded; although it was a significant player of ethnic conflict in 1991-95, due to considerable elimination of Serbian minority representation as a result of the Operation Storm this country does not further constitute a relevant melting pot, where ethnically motivated tensions could rise again. Hence, the analysis is targeted at two...

碩士
國立東華大學
臺灣文化學系
104
Abstract This thesis is to explore the Indonesian female migration who start ups ethnic business in Hualien City. Further attention is paid to the daily activity of the owners, costumers and neighborhood as well as considers possible factors which contribute to the ethnic business in Hualien City. The study aims to provide the information about both everyday matters and Indonesian ethnic business for migrant and local people. Activity occurs between personal and personal, personal and group then group and group. In everyday practices entrepreneurs first accommodate the basic material need of migrant workers and develop social cohesion among them. Second, entrepreneurs engage in mutual relationship in their developing ethnic social networks in Hualien City. In doing so, it aims to establish a framework of analysis for describe which moves beyond to everyday matters in the shop among Indonesian communities both in sociality and materiality aspect. For its framework, the study drawn on the marriage migration, migration in the everyday matters perspective, map to see the located of Indonesian shops around Hualien City and discussion of the role of the every Indonesian shop engage with social relations and material cultures. This paper is based on the fieldwork with observations of participants’ daily activities from May to December 2015. The fourteen participants including owners, employees, customers and cadres conducted to in- depth and open- ended interviews. According to this study, I find the variety ways how the Indonesian shops in Hualien City developed. Then the location of Indonesian shops showed the strategic business for easy to reach their customers. Last but not least the important role of Indonesian shops to provide from the commodity, food, remittance, religious services until forming an ethnic organization/ community. Key Words: Indonesian migrants, Hualien City, ethnic business, everyday matters, ethnic community

The subject of this dissertation thesis is investigating the issue of the German ethnic group status in inter-war Czechoslovakia shown in the example of the Nejdek political district with the emphasis on the major and crucial aspects of social life - politics, economic and social issues while the assistance and support elements include: demographics, border issues, the presence of the Czech ethnic group, a preview of own (German) history and the development of churches and religion. The Nejdek political district is set within a framework of regional history with regard to the historical context of the development of Czechoslovakia, or even of the world in some cases. The regional history presented here in the form of a probe from the perspective of great historical events and partly through micro-history aim to build on the broad source base and capture the impacts and effects of national policies on shaping of the Nejdek region and its inhabitants. In some ways, when possible of course, research methods are applied. Overall, the work is to fill the so-called white gaps in the regional historiography, since the books or studies published so far have been focusing only on partial, closely regionally defined topics and only comprehensive work, which the author of this paper attempts, could therefore...

Die hoofdoel van hierdie studie was om Dansrapsodie – ʼn Afrika-stad van Stefans Grové en Fanfare Festival Overture van Jeanne Zaidel-Rudolph ten opsigte van struktuur, melodie, ritme en instrumentasie te ontleed en sodoende vas te stel watter Afrika-etniese elemente gebruik word en hoe dit toegepas is. ʼn Vergelykende studie is gedoen om vas te stel of daar enige ooreenkomste of verskille tussen die twee werke is. Verskeie skripsies, verhandelings en proefskrifte oor werke van Grové en Zaidel- Rudolph is geraadpleeg. Die skrywer kon nie gepubliseerde weergawes van Dansrapsodie – ʼn Afrika-stad en Fanfare Festival Overture opspoor nie, daarom is die ontleding met behulp van afskrifte van die handgeskrewe manuskripte onderneem. Daar is gereeld na die CD-opnames van albei werke (op die Claremont GSE-etiket) geluister. Die verhandeling bestaan uit ses hoofstukke. In die eerste hoofstuk word die agtergrond en motivering vir die studie uiteengesit en Hoofstuk 2 bevat kort biografieë van Grové en Zaidel-Rudolph. Grové se Dansrapsodie – ʼn Afrika-stad word in Hoofstuk 3 ontleed en verskillende Afrika-etniese elemente word beskryf soos wat dit van toepassing op die analise is. Zaidel-Rudolph se Fanfare Festival Overture word in Hoofstuk 4 op dieselfde wyse as Dansrapsodie – ʼn Afrika-stad ontleed. Die laaste twee hoofstukke (Hoofstuk 5 en 6) bevat ʼn vergelyking tussen die aanwending van Afrika-etniese elemente in die twee komposisies, asook gevolgtrekkings en voorstelle vir verdere studie. Die belangrikste gevolgtrekkings is die volgende:

• Afrika-etniese elemente word in albei werke op só ʼn manier aangewend dat die komposisie vir ʼn Westerse orkes toeganklik is.
• In albei werke se struktuur word die roep-en-antwoord-beginsel en herhalende melodieë wat tydens elke herhaling effens gewysig word (permutasie) aangewend. Die melodiese inhoud word deur die mineur terts (ʼn interval van die pentatoniese toonleer) en twyfelagtige tonaliteite oorheers. Ritmiese ostinaatpatrone, die 12/8-metrum en poliritmiek in die Afrika-deel van Zaidel-Rudolph se komposisie bewerkstellig onmiddellik Afrika-etniese assosiasies. Die bongo-tromme en marimba kom in albei komposisies as Afrika-instrumente voor.
• Grové en Zaidel-Rudolph benader die aanwending van Afrika-etniese elemente in Westerse musiek op verskillende maniere.

ENGLISH : The main objective of this study was to analyse the structure, melody, rhythm and instrumentation of Stefans Grové’s Dansrapsodie – ʼn Afrika-stad and Jeanne Zaidel- Rudolph’s Fanfare Festival Overture in order to determine which African ethnic elements are used in the two compositions and how these elements are applied. A comparative study was done to determine what the similarities and differences are between the two works. Several mini-dissertations, dissertations and theses about works by Grové and Zaidel-Rudolph were consulted. The author could not find published versions of Dansrapsodie – ʼn Afrika-stad and Fanfare Festival Overture, therefore the analysis was done with copies of the hand-written manuscripts. The author frequently listened to CD recordings (Claremont GSE label) of both works. The dissertation consists of six chapters. In the first chapter the author explains the background and motivation for the study and Chapter 2 contains short biographies of Grové and Zaidel-Rudolph. Grové’s Dansrapsodie – ʼn Afrika-stad is analysed in Chapter 3 and the different African ethnic elements that apply to this work are described. Zaidel-Rudolph’s Fanfare Festival Overture is analysed in Chapter 4, in the same way as Grové’s Dansrapsodie – ʼn Afrika-stad. The last two chapters (Chapter 5 and 6) include a comparison between the application of African ethnic elements in the two compositions, as well as conclusions and suggestions of topics for future studies. The most important conclusions are the following:

• African ethnic elements are applied in such a way that both compositions are accessible for Western (“art music”) orchestras.
• In both compositions’ structure the call-and-response principle and repeated melodies (that are modified during each repeat) are applied. Both works’melodic content is dominated by the interval of a minor 3rd (an interval from the pentatonic scale) and an ambiguous tonality. Rhythmic ostinatos, the 12/8 metre and polyrhythm in the African part of Zaidel-Rudolph’s Fanfare Festival Overture immediately bring about African ethnic associations. The bongos and marimba as African instruments can be found in both works.
• Grové and Zaidel-Rudolph approach the application of African ethnic elements in Western art music in different ways.

Copyright
Dissertation (MMus)--University of Pretoria, 2010.
Music
unrestricted

São vários os estudos em forma de relatório a tentar dar explicações sobre as raízes e motivações do conflito e da instabilidade política na Guiné-Bissau. É nesse sentido que a UNIOGBIS atuou todo este tempo com a sua missão, que termina em dezembro de 2020 sem, podemos dizer, cumprir o seu principal desafio, que era estabilizar politicamente a Guiné-Bissau. A ONG Voz de Paz elaborou um importante documento sobre as causas do conflito e da instabilidade política na Guiné-Bissau em que estiveram envolvidos atores políticos, sociais, líderes religiosos e organizações não governamentais, ofereceu um conjunto de explicações para o conflito na Guiné-Bissau. O país conheceu uma das suas principais crises políticas nos anos que se seguiram à publicação desse relatório. Este cenário de conflito e instabilidade política foi considerado como a principal causa da fragilidade do Estado guineense por diversos autores. Outros analistas acrescentam a má gestão de todo o processo governativo e o quadro violento de luta de libertação nacional, a incapacidade das sucessivas elites políticas, os problemas étnicos entres micronações, a instabilidade permanente que acaba por fragilizar o Estado da Guiné-Bissau, tornando-o permeável à pressão exercida pelos narcotraficantes. Este quadro geral lança ao país o desafio de construção de uma nação forte, através de instituições políticas eficientes e uma efetiva inclusão das mulheres no processo da decisão política.
There are several studies trying to explain the roots and motivations of the conflict and political instability in Guinea-Bissau. The main peacebuilding actor in Guinea-Bissau, UNIOGBIS is about to end its mission in December 2020 without having accomplished its main challenge, which was to stabilize politics in Guinea-Bissau. The NGO “Voice of Peace” elaborated an important document on the causes of the conflict and political instability in Guinea-Bissau in which political, social actors, religious leaders, and non-governmental organizations were involved. It offered a set of reasons for the conflict in this country, that also apply to the main political crises in the years that followed the launching of this publication. This scenario of conflict and political instability was considered the main cause for the fragility of the Guinean State. It adds to other problems such as the poor management of the entire governamental process and the violent framework of armed struggle for national liberation, the incapacity of successive political elites, the ethnic problems among micro nations, the permanent instability that ends up weakening the State of Guinea-Bissau, making it permeable to drug trafficking. These are the challenges faced by the Guinea-Bissau government while trying to build up a strong nation, through efficient political institutions and an effective inclusion of women in the political decision-making process.