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Academic literature on the topic 'Eucalyptus – Plantation – Congo (République)'
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Journal articles on the topic "Eucalyptus – Plantation – Congo (République)"
Epron, Daniel, Yann Nouvellon, Olivier Roupsard, Welcome Mouvondy, André Mabiala, Laurent Saint-André, Richard Joffre, et al. "Spatial and temporal variations of soil respiration in a Eucalyptus plantation in Congo." Forest Ecology and Management 202, no. 1-3 (December 2004): 149–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2004.07.019.
Full textLaclau, Jean-Paul, Jean-Pierre Bouillet, and Jacques Ranger. "Dynamics of biomass and nutrient accumulation in a clonal plantation of Eucalyptus in Congo." Forest Ecology and Management 128, no. 3 (April 2000): 181–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0378-1127(99)00146-2.
Full textRoux, J., H. Myburg, B. D. Wingfield, and M. J. Wingfield. "Biological and Phylogenetic Analyses Suggest that Two Cryphonectria spp. Cause Cankers of Eucalyptus in Africa." Plant Disease 87, no. 11 (November 2003): 1329–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis.2003.87.11.1329.
Full textNouvellon, Yann, Jean-Paul Laclau, Daniel Epron, Antoine Kinana, André Mabiala, Olivier Roupsard, Jean-Marc Bonnefond, et al. "Within-stand and seasonal variations of specific leaf area in a clonal Eucalyptus plantation in the Republic of Congo." Forest Ecology and Management 259, no. 9 (April 2010): 1796–807. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2009.05.023.
Full textEPRON, DANIEL, YANN NOUVELLON, PHILIPPE DELEPORTE, SUSPENS IFO, GUY KAZOTTI, ARMEL THONGO M'BOU, WELCOME MOUVONDY, et al. "Soil carbon balance in a clonal Eucalyptus plantation in Congo: effects of logging on carbon inputs and soil CO2 efflux." Global Change Biology 12, no. 6 (April 3, 2006): 1021–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2006.01146.x.
Full textBisiaux, Franck, Régis Peltier, and Jean-Claude Muliele. "Plantations industrielles et agroforesterie au service des populations des plateaux Batéké, Mampu, en République Démocratique du Congo." BOIS & FORETS DES TROPIQUES 301, no. 301 (September 1, 2009): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.19182/bft2009.301.a20404.
Full textTROUVE, C., J.-R. DISNAR, A. MARIOTTI, and B. GUILLET. "Changes in the amount and distribution of neutral monosaccharides of savanna soils after plantation of Pinus and Eucalyptus in the Congo." European Journal of Soil Science 47, no. 1 (March 1996): 51–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2389.1996.tb01371.x.
Full textNizinski, Jerzy Jan, Dominique Morand, Jean-Joël Loumeto, Anh Galat-Luong, and Gérard Galat. "Bilan hydrique comparé d’une savane et d’une plantation d’eucalyptus dans le bassin du Kouilou (République Populaire du Congo)." Climatologie, Volume 5 (2008). http://dx.doi.org/10.4267/climatologie.806.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Eucalyptus – Plantation – Congo (République)"
Versini, Antoine. "Effet de la manipulation des litières aériennes sur les cycles du C et de N dans les sols en plantation d'Eucalyptus au Congo." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LORR0240/document.
Full textIn the last decades, fast-growing plantations have emerged as an important option to supply a growing share of the increasing demand for woody forest products and as an alternative to reduce the pressure on tropical rainforests. A major stake is nowadays to ensure the sustainability of these plantations often established on poor soils with large amounts of biomass exported every 6-7 years. Aboveground litters may play a crucial role on the mineral and the organic soil fertility which drive short- and long-term productivity in these tropical ecosystems. The main objective of our study was to identify the mechanisms involved in the Eucalyptus growth response to aboveground litter removal or addition over the two first years after planting. Apart from measurements of tree growth, the dynamic of nitrogen (N) mineralization in decomposing harvest residues has been studied in several experiments. Nutrient fluxes in soil solutions were compared to nutrient stocks initially contained in ecosystem compartments and to nutrient content within trees at age two years. A complete recovery budget of 15N brought within residues at the harvest was made at the stand scale. The long-term impact of aboveground litter manipulations on soil OM stocks was also assessed. Standard soil analyses (C&N) as well as a complete partitioning of soil CO2 efflux were carried out. The qualitative and quantitative dynamics of dissolved OM received special attention. The results show that the rapid release of potassium and the more progressive release of N contained in aboveground litter largely explain tree growth differences observed among OM management treatments. Eucalyptus tree considerably benefit from the nutrient released throughout litter decomposition since losses by deep drainage were very low as a consequence of soil depth and of the very fast development of roots both in the deep soil layers and in the organic layer. Our study also highlighted the large contribution of the topsoil OM (0-15 cm) for the production of nitrate and dissolved OM in gravitational soil solutions. The use of 15N labelling demonstrated that N is initially retained within the organic layer probably by microbial immobilization; transferred in simultaneous and balanced ways between organic residues components (leaves, barks and branches); and finally transported in particulate OM toward the mineral topsoil layer by gravitational water, supplying thus the soil OM pool on which the soil fertility relies. The retention of aboveground litter contributed to maintain soil OM stocks after the clear-cutting while its removal led to an initial decrease in soil OM stocks at the beginning of the rotation, which seemed to be balanced thereafter by litterfall inputs. The addition of litter led to an increase in dissolved OM fluxes in the first 15 centimeters of the soil profile which remained insignificant in comparison with soil OM stocks and exhibited low interactions with soil OM. Despite the rapid recovery of the soil OM pool, some nutrients might limit the productivity of these plantations after several rotations, as a result of repeated biomass exportation. Consequently, the retention of organic residues at the harvest should be optimized and the exportation of woody biomass must be compensated by fertiliser addition, burning of organic residues must be prohibited and wild fires prevented
Sellami, Fatima. "Fonctionnement biologique du sol sableux sous plantations d’eucalyptus d’âges différents. Effets du reboisement sur les communautés de la macrofaune et des microorganismes du sol en milieu tropical (Congo) et méditerranéen (Maroc)." Thesis, Paris Est, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PEST0066.
Full textEucalyptus plantations in Congo (Pointe-Noire region) and in Morocco (Mamora forest) raised certain controversies regarding their effects on the sandy poor soils. In such anthropogenic ecosystems, researches on the subject have multiplied in order to ensure their sustainable management. However, knowledge on the biological functioning of soils in these plantations still needs to be explored. Main actors of this biological functioning are soil organisms and their activities which have been described very little, and need to be more studied. Our thesis encompasses this problematic. Therefore, we evaluated the impact of reforestation on the communities of macrofauna and microorganisms of soil, and the activity of different key enzymes, as well, related to main biogeochemical cycles (C, N and P). This research presents, particularly, a simultaneous consideration of two factors rarely mentioned before: the "age of the plantations" and "soil depth". We addressed these issues by a multi-scale study. We studied macroinvertebrates by their taxonomic diversity and vertically composition by a combined approach (TSPF + English square). Subsequently, the characterization of structure and diversity of microbial communities was done by density measurements, morphotype-specific (in-vitro culture) and the genetic determinations (DGGE) and by measuring the metabolic potential in terms of functional communities (Biolog plates). Finally, soil biological activity was evaluated by determining the activity of eight different enzymes and the total microbial activity (FDA hydrolysis).Therefore, as compared to the adjacent natural forest soils, this study allowed us to demonstrate that the introduction of eucalyptus plantations, in savanna (Congo) or in degraded cork oak ecosystem (Morocco), alters the structure and diversity of macrofauna communities, soil microorganisms and the enzymatic activity profiles. Consequently, the biological functioning of the soils is impacted both in terms of the age of plantations and soil depth. However, the proportions and the consequences of this impact were very specific in each case, with the exception of enzymatic activities related to the nitrogen cycle, which influenced comparatively in both studies. These activities decreased significantly along with the stand age of eucalyptus plantations, confirming the deficient status of nitrogen in such plantations
Tchichellé, Sogni Viviane. "Production de biomasse et quantification des flux d’azote dans une plantation mixte d’Eucalyptus urophylla x grandis et d’Acacia mangium au Congo." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LORR0115/document.
Full textForest plantations represent 5% of the world forest area but provide more than one third of world wood supply. Sustainability of these systems is based on the long-term maintenance of their fertility without using fertilizers. The introduction of nitrogen (N) fixing species in forest plantations is one of the solutions to take-up this challenge. The aim of this work was to assess the effects of the introduction of Acacia mangium in pure stand of eucalypts on tree growth, biomass production and soil nitrogen dynamics. To achieve this goal, destructive inventories combined with quantification of N fluxes in litter fall and annual monitoring of N mineralization in soil, has been done. They were associated with study of the symbiotic fixation of N and N enrichment in particulate organic matter. The study highlighted a positive effect of acacia on the growth of eucalyptus through a modification of interspecific interactions. Facilitating relationship created by the symbiotic nitrogen fixation has been the source of an increase in the growth of eucalyptus and aboveground net primary production. This increased growth was related to improvement of the nitrogen content of the soil, especially in the coarse fraction of the particulate organic matter. An increase in nitrogen mineralization indicated a much faster soil nitrogen cycling. This work opens perspectives for an ecological intensification of tropical plantation forestry
Kaumbu, Jean Marc Kyalamakasa. "Sélection précoce des espèces forestières et potentiel mycorhizien arbusculaire en vue de la reforestation de la forêt claire dégradée du Haut-Katanga, en République Démocratique du Congo." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/68940.
Full textIn the Katanga province, Democratic Republic of the Congo (DR Congo), the anthropogenic pressure is exerted on the Miombo woodland (MW) with the expansion of the agricultural lands and the increased demand for charcoal, due to the demographic growth. The restorationof agricultural and forest fallows has become essential to reverse this decline and sustainably manage the degraded MW. The main objective of this thesis was to study the development of seedlings and the potential of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in the MW of UpperKatanga, DRC. Its specific objectives were to: (i) assess the development and mycorrhizalstatus of MW species, with respect to their successional status (early (ES) or late (LS) tree species); (ii) determine the arbuscular mycorrhizal inoculum potential (AMIP) in degradedMW; and (iii) describe the diversity and community structure of AMF associated with amultipurpose forest tree (Pterocarpus tinctorius Welw also named Mninga maji in Swahili,Mukula in Bemba).First, the development of the seedlings was evaluated, for two pioneer tree species(Combretum collinum and P. tinctorius) and six late species (Brachystegia boehmii, B.longifolia, B. spiciformis, B. wangermeana, Julbernardia globiflora and J. paniculata), 1, 2and 4 years after planting. Then, the AMIP was estimated in degraded MW by baitingCrotalaria juncea seedlings. The relationship between AMIP and vegetation indix wase stablished with Generalized Linear Mixed Models (GLMM) and linear regressions. Finally, the diversity and the structure of the AMF community in the roots of P. tinctorius were characterized in the agricultural and forest fallow of three sites, by amplification, cloning of the 28S gene of the large subunit (LSU) of the ribosomal DNA and Sanger sequencing. The results showed that the early successional tree species, ES (Chipya) had early growthand were 3 to 40 times more productive than to LS (tree species characteristic of MW). ESspecies were colonized by AMF, whereas LS species were colonized by ectomycorrhizal fungi. In degraded MW, the density of some trees had a positive influence on AMIP,particularly woody legumes acting synergistically with the abundance of annual grasses.Woody legumes were more colonized and would act as AMF plant refuges. Molecular diversity of 30 operational taxonomic units (UTOs) of AMF was associated with P. tinctorius (one of the mycotrophic woody legumes), in the agricultural and forest fallows of three sites studied. The community richness and structure of the AMF were driven by the density ofwoody species colonized by AMF evenly distributed in plant species. The AMF communitywas dominated by species of the genera Rhizophagus and Sclerocystis, and were strongly associated with some chemical properties of the soil (pH, acidity, total aluminium and totaliron) and the density of some trees. Thus, the results highlight a variability of growth and biomass depending on the successional status (ecological groups). Also, the AMIP and the AMF communities were mainly driven by tree density and soil properties. We suggest there forestation of degraded MW with the native species (P. tinctorius, B. spiciformis and C.collinum) in mono-specific plantations or under agroforestry management with food crops.
Malanda, Kiyabou Gabriel. "Les eucalyptus du Congo : variations inter et intraspécifiques du rendement et de la composition chimique de leurs huiles essentielles." Montpellier 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992MON20259.
Full textMartin, Bernard. "Amélioration génétique des Eucalyptus tropicaux : contribution majeure à la foresterie clonale." Paris 11, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA112140.
Full textThe thesis sets out a ser1es of 10 publications from 1971 to 1987 connected with tropical Eucalypt improvement as the main topic. Most of the studies were carried out at Pointe-Noire (Congo) at the Centre Technique Forestier Tropical (C. T. F. ) as well as at the Unité d'Afforestation Industrielle du Congo (U. A. I. C. ). A lot of results were also taken from the plantations of Aracruz Florestal S. A. In Brazil (Espirito-Santo). The documents as a whole were presented as a synthesis including the bibliography available at present. This study consists of seven chapters giving a complete survey of the introduction of the genus 1n tropical environment and the determination of the conditions for the maximal yield from the best adapted species, the provenances with the highest output, the most vigorous hybrids and the most advantageous clones. Various technological aspects were reviewed: exploration, selection, hybridization, vegetative propagation, clonal selection. A real-scale approach of the clonal culture was carefully investigated at Pointe-Noire (25 000 ha) as well as at Aracruz (90 000 ha) and dangers were estimated. A violent attack by insects was recorded. Thereby, chemical and genetical struggle means were evaluated. Fundamental arguments supporting clonal forestry are developed
Books on the topic "Eucalyptus – Plantation – Congo (République)"
Latham, Paul, Augustin MbutaKonda ku Mbuta, and Jean-Luc Alliez. Plantes utiles du Kongo Central Province, République Démocratique du Congo. University Library J. C. Senckenberg, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21248/gups.61777.
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