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Journal articles on the topic 'Eukaryotic cell replication'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Diffley, John F. X. "Eukaryotic DNA replication." Current Opinion in Cell Biology 6, no. 3 (1994): 368–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0955-0674(94)90028-0.

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2

Wang, Thomas A., and Joachim J. Li. "Eukaryotic DNA replication." Current Opinion in Cell Biology 7, no. 3 (1995): 414–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0955-0674(95)80098-0.

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3

Zannis-Hadjopoulos, Maria, and Gerald B. Price. "Eukaryotic DNA replication." Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 75, S32 (1999): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1097-4644(1999)75:32+<1::aid-jcb2>3.0.co;2-j.

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4

Laskey, Ronald. "The Croonian Lecture 2001 Hunting the antisocial cancer cell: MCM proteins and their exploitation." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 360, no. 1458 (2005): 1119–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2005.1656.

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Replicating large eukaryotic genomes presents the challenge of distinguishing replicated regions of DNA from unreplicated DNA. A heterohexamer of minichromosome maintenance (MCM) proteins is essential for the initiation of DNA replication. MCM proteins are loaded on to unreplicated DNA before replication begins and displaced progressively during replication. Thus, bound MCM proteins license DNA for one, and only one, round of replication and this licence is reissued each time a cell divides. MCM proteins are also the best candidates for the replicative helicases that unwind DNA during replicat

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5

Kelly, Thomas, and A. John Callegari. "Dynamics of DNA replication in a eukaryotic cell." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 116, no. 11 (2019): 4973–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1818680116.

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Each genomic locus in a eukaryotic cell has a distinct average time of replication during S phase that depends on the spatial and temporal pattern of replication initiation events. Replication timing can affect genomic integrity because late replication is associated with an increased mutation rate. For most eukaryotes, the features of the genome that specify the location and timing of initiation events are unknown. To investigate these features for the fission yeast, Schizosaccharomyces pombe, we developed an integrative model to analyze large single-molecule and global genomic datasets. The

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6

Bielinsky, A. K., and S. A. Gerbi. "Where it all starts: eukaryotic origins of DNA replication." Journal of Cell Science 114, no. 4 (2001): 643–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jcs.114.4.643.

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Chromosomal origins of DNA replication in eukaryotic cells not only are crucial for understanding the basic process of DNA duplication but also provide a tool to analyze how cell cycle regulators are linked to the replication machinery. During the past decade much progress has been made in identifying replication origins in eukaryotic genomes. More recently, replication initiation point (RIP) mapping has allowed us to detect start sites for DNA synthesis at the nucleotide level and thus to monitor replication initiation events at the origin very precisely. Beyond giving us the precise position

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7

Walter, Johannes, and John Newport. "Initiation of Eukaryotic DNA Replication." Molecular Cell 5, no. 4 (2000): 617–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1097-2765(00)80241-5.

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8

Kearsey, Stephen E., Karim Labib, and Domenico Maiorano. "Cell cycle control of eukaryotic DNA replication." Current Opinion in Genetics & Development 6, no. 2 (1996): 208–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0959-437x(96)80052-9.

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9

Blow, J. Julian. "Eukaryotic DNA replication reconstituted outside the cell." BioEssays 8, no. 5 (1988): 149–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bies.950080505.

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10

Hubscher, U., and JM Sogo. "The Eukaryotic DNA Replication Fork." Physiology 12, no. 3 (1997): 125–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/physiologyonline.1997.12.3.125.

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Before a cell divides into two identical daughter cells, the entire genome must be replicated faithfully. The mechanistic details of this complex macromolecular process, called DNA replication, have recently been clarified. We focus on the current knowledge at the eukaryotic DNA replication fork at the levels of DNA and chromatin.

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11

Diffley, John F. X. "Early events in eukaryotic DNA replication." Trends in Cell Biology 2, no. 10 (1992): 298–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0962-8924(92)90119-8.

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12

MacNeill, Stuart A. "Structure and function of the GINS complex, a key component of the eukaryotic replisome." Biochemical Journal 425, no. 3 (2010): 489–500. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj20091531.

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High-fidelity chromosomal DNA replication is fundamental to all forms of cellular life and requires the complex interplay of a wide variety of essential and non-essential protein factors in a spatially and temporally co-ordinated manner. In eukaryotes, the GINS complex (from the Japanese go-ichi-ni-san meaning 5-1-2-3, after the four related subunits of the complex Sld5, Psf1, Psf2 and Psf3) was recently identified as a novel factor essential for both the initiation and elongation stages of the replication process. Biochemical analysis has placed GINS at the heart of the eukaryotic replication

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13

Moreno, Sara Priego, and Agnieszka Gambus. "Mechanisms of eukaryotic replisome disassembly." Biochemical Society Transactions 48, no. 3 (2020): 823–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bst20190363.

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DNA replication is a complex process that needs to be executed accurately before cell division in order to maintain genome integrity. DNA replication is divided into three main stages: initiation, elongation and termination. One of the key events during initiation is the assembly of the replicative helicase at origins of replication, and this mechanism has been very well described over the last decades. In the last six years however, researchers have also focused on deciphering the molecular mechanisms underlying the disassembly of the replicative helicase during termination. Similar to replis

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14

Mirkin, Ekaterina V., and Sergei M. Mirkin. "Replication Fork Stalling at Natural Impediments." Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews 71, no. 1 (2007): 13–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mmbr.00030-06.

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SUMMARY Accurate and complete replication of the genome in every cell division is a prerequisite of genomic stability. Thus, both prokaryotic and eukaryotic replication forks are extremely precise and robust molecular machines that have evolved to be up to the task. However, it has recently become clear that the replication fork is more of a hurdler than a runner: it must overcome various obstacles present on its way. Such obstacles can be called natural impediments to DNA replication, as opposed to external and genetic factors. Natural impediments to DNA replication are particular DNA binding

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15

Saugar, Irene, María Ángeles Ortiz-Bazán, and José Antonio Tercero. "Tolerating DNA damage during eukaryotic chromosome replication." Experimental Cell Research 329, no. 1 (2014): 170–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.yexcr.2014.07.009.

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16

Leatherwood, Janet. "Emerging mechanisms of eukaryotic DNA replication initiation." Current Opinion in Cell Biology 10, no. 6 (1998): 742–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0955-0674(98)80117-8.

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17

Stillman, Bruce. "Initiation of Eukaryotic DNA Replication In Vitro." Annual Review of Cell Biology 5, no. 1 (1989): 197–245. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.cb.05.110189.001213.

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18

Yuan, Zuanning, and Huilin Li. "Molecular mechanisms of eukaryotic origin initiation, replication fork progression, and chromatin maintenance." Biochemical Journal 477, no. 18 (2020): 3499–525. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bcj20200065.

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Eukaryotic DNA replication is a highly dynamic and tightly regulated process. Replication involves several dozens of replication proteins, including the initiators ORC and Cdc6, replicative CMG helicase, DNA polymerase α-primase, leading-strand DNA polymerase ε, and lagging-strand DNA polymerase δ. These proteins work together in a spatially and temporally controlled manner to synthesize new DNA from the parental DNA templates. During DNA replication, epigenetic information imprinted on DNA and histone proteins is also copied to the daughter DNA to maintain the chromatin status. DNA methyltran

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19

Wolffe, A. P. "Implications of DNA replication for eukaryotic gene expression." Journal of Cell Science 99, no. 2 (1991): 201–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jcs.99.2.201.

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DNA replication has a key role in many developmental processes. Recent progress in understanding events at the replication fork suggests mechanisms for both establishing and maintaining programs of eukaryotic gene activity. In this review, I discuss the consequences of replication fork passage for preexisting chromatin structures and describe how the mechanism of nucleosome assembly at the replication fork may facilitate the formation of either transcriptionally active or repressed chromatin.

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20

Walters, Alison D., and James P. J. Chong. "Methanococcus maripaludis: an archaeon with multiple functional MCM proteins?" Biochemical Society Transactions 37, no. 1 (2009): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bst0370001.

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There are a large number of proteins involved in the control of eukaryotic DNA replication, which act together to ensure DNA is replicated only once every cell cycle. Key proteins involved in the initiation and elongation phases of DNA replication include the MCM (minchromosome maintenance) proteins, MCM2–MCM7, a family of six related proteins believed to act as the replicative helicase. Genome sequencing has revealed that the archaea possess a simplified set of eukaryotic replication homologues. The complexity of the DNA replication machinery in eukaryotes has led to a number of archaeal spec

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21

Novak, B., A. Csikasz-Nagy, B. Gyorffy, K. Nasmyth, and J. J. Tyson. "Model scenarios for evolution of the eukaryotic cell cycle." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences 353, no. 1378 (1998): 2063–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.1998.0352.

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Progress through the division cycle of present day eukaryotic cells is controlled by a complex network consisting of (i) cyclin–dependent kinases (CDKs) and their associated cyclins, (ii) kinases and phosphatases that regulate CDK activity, and (iii) stoichiometric inhibitors that sequester cyclin–CDK dimers. Presumably regulation of cell division in the earliest ancestors of eukaryotes was a considerably simpler affair. Nasmyth (1995) recently proposed a mechanism for control of a putative, primordial, eukaryotic cell cycle, based on antagonistic interactions between a cyclin–CDK and the anap

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22

Dutta, Anindya, and Stephen P. Bell. "INITIATION OF DNA REPLICATION IN EUKARYOTIC CELLS." Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology 13, no. 1 (1997): 293–332. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.cellbio.13.1.293.

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23

Kitamura, Etsushi, J. Julian Blow, and Tomoyuki U. Tanaka. "Live-Cell Imaging Reveals Replication of Individual Replicons in Eukaryotic Replication Factories." Cell 125, no. 7 (2006): 1297–308. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2006.04.041.

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24

Hyrien, Olivier. "How MCM loading and spreading specify eukaryotic DNA replication initiation sites." F1000Research 5 (August 24, 2016): 2063. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.9008.1.

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DNA replication origins strikingly differ between eukaryotic species and cell types. Origins are localized and can be highly efficient in budding yeast, are randomly located in early fly and frog embryos, which do not transcribe their genomes, and are clustered in broad (10-100 kb) non-transcribed zones, frequently abutting transcribed genes, in mammalian cells. Nonetheless, in all cases, origins are established during the G1-phase of the cell cycle by the loading of double hexamers of the Mcm 2-7 proteins (MCM DHs), the core of the replicative helicase. MCM DH activation in S-phase leads to o

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25

Coffman, Frederick D., Mai-Ling Reyes, Monique Brown, W. Clark Lambert, and Stanley Cohen. "Localization of ORC1 During the Cell Cycle in Human Leukemia Cells." Analytical Cellular Pathology 34, no. 6 (2011): 355–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/173174.

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The interaction of the origin recognition complex (ORC) with replication origins is a critical parameter in eukaryotic replication initiation. In mammals the ORC remains bound except during mitosis, thus the localization of ORC complexes allows localization of origins. A monoclonal antibody that recognizes human ORC1 was used to localize ORC complexes in populations of human MOLT-4 cells separated by cell cycle position using centrifugal elutriation. ORC1 staining in cells in early G1 is diffuse and primarily peripheral. As the cells traverse G1, ORC1 accumulates and becomes more localized tow

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26

Kunkel, Thomas A., and Peter M. Burgers. "Dividing the workload at a eukaryotic replication fork." Trends in Cell Biology 18, no. 11 (2008): 521–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tcb.2008.08.005.

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27

Müller, Carolin A., and Conrad A. Nieduszynski. "DNA replication timing influences gene expression level." Journal of Cell Biology 216, no. 7 (2017): 1907–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.201701061.

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Eukaryotic genomes are replicated in a reproducible temporal order; however, the physiological significance is poorly understood. We compared replication timing in divergent yeast species and identified genomic features with conserved replication times. Histone genes were among the earliest replicating loci in all species. We specifically delayed the replication of HTA1-HTB1 and discovered that this halved the expression of these histone genes. Finally, we showed that histone and cell cycle genes in general are exempt from Rtt109-dependent dosage compensation, suggesting the existence of pathw

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28

Huberman, Joel A. "Cell cycle control of initiation of eukaryotic DNA replication." Chromosoma 100, no. 7 (1991): 419–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00364551.

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29

DePamphilis, Melvin L. "Initiation of DNA replication in eukaryotic chromosomes." Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 72, S30-31 (1998): 8–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1097-4644(1998)72:30/31+<8::aid-jcb3>3.0.co;2-r.

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30

Diffley, John F. X. "Quality control in the initiation of eukaryotic DNA replication." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 366, no. 1584 (2011): 3545–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2011.0073.

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Origins of DNA replication must be regulated to ensure that the entire genome is replicated precisely once in each cell cycle. In human cells, this requires that tens of thousands of replication origins are activated exactly once per cell cycle. Failure to do so can lead to cell death or genome rearrangements such as those associated with cancer. Systems ensuring efficient initiation of replication, while also providing a robust block to re-initiation, play a crucial role in genome stability. In this review, I will discuss some of the strategies used by cells to ensure once per cell cycle repl

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31

Shechter, David, Carol Y. Ying, and Jean Gautier. "DNA Unwinding Is an MCM Complex-dependent and ATP Hydrolysis-dependent Process." Journal of Biological Chemistry 279, no. 44 (2004): 45586–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.m407772200.

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Minichromosome maintenance proteins (Mcm) are essential in all eukaryotes and are absolutely required for initiation of DNA replication. The eukaryotic and archaeal Mcm proteins have conserved helicase motifs and exhibit DNA helicase and ATP hydrolysis activitiesin vitro. Although the Mcm proteins have been proposed to be the replicative helicase, the enzyme that melts the DNA helix at the replication fork, their function during cellular DNA replication elongation is still unclear. Using nucleoplasmic extract (NPE) fromXenopus laeviseggs and six purified polyclonal antibodies generated against

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32

Tanny, Robyn E., David M. MacAlpine, Hannah G. Blitzblau, and Stephen P. Bell. "Genome-wide Analysis of Re-replication Reveals Inhibitory Controls That Target Multiple Stages of Replication Initiation." Molecular Biology of the Cell 17, no. 5 (2006): 2415–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.e05-11-1037.

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DNA replication must be tightly controlled during each cell cycle to prevent unscheduled replication and ensure proper genome maintenance. The currently known controls that prevent re-replication act redundantly to inhibit pre-replicative complex (pre-RC) assembly outside of the G1-phase of the cell cycle. The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae has been a useful model organism to study how eukaryotic cells prevent replication origins from reinitiating during a single cell cycle. Using a re-replication-sensitive strain and DNA microarrays, we map sites across the S. cerevisiae genome that are re-re

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33

Krings, Gregor, and Deepak Bastia. "Molecular Architecture of a Eukaryotic DNA Replication Terminus-Terminator ProteinComplex." Molecular and Cellular Biology 26, no. 21 (2006): 8061–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.01102-06.

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ABSTRACT DNA replication forks pause at programmed fork barriers within nontranscribed regions of the ribosomal DNA (rDNA) genes of many eukaryotes to coordinate and regulate replication, transcription, and recombination. The mechanism of eukaryotic fork arrest remains unknown. In Schizosaccharomyces pombe, the promiscuous DNA binding protein Sap1 not only causes polar fork arrest at the rDNA fork barrier Ter1 but also regulates mat1 imprinting at SAS1 without fork pausing. Towards an understanding of eukaryotic fork arrest, we probed the interactions of Sap1 with Ter1 as contrasted with SAS1.

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34

Tarrason Risa, Gabriel, Fredrik Hurtig, Sian Bray, et al. "The proteasome controls ESCRT-III–mediated cell division in an archaeon." Science 369, no. 6504 (2020): eaaz2532. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.aaz2532.

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Sulfolobus acidocaldarius is the closest experimentally tractable archaeal relative of eukaryotes and, despite lacking obvious cyclin-dependent kinase and cyclin homologs, has an ordered eukaryote-like cell cycle with distinct phases of DNA replication and division. Here, in exploring the mechanism of cell division in S. acidocaldarius, we identify a role for the archaeal proteasome in regulating the transition from the end of one cell cycle to the beginning of the next. Further, we identify the archaeal ESCRT-III homolog, CdvB, as a key target of the proteasome and show that its degradation t

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35

Broderick, Ronan, and Heinz-Peter Nasheuer. "Regulation of Cdc45 in the cell cycle and after DNA damage." Biochemical Society Transactions 37, no. 4 (2009): 926–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bst0370926.

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The Cdc (cell division cycle) 45 protein has a central role in the regulation of the initiation and elongation stages of eukaryotic chromosomal DNA replication. In addition, it is the main target for a Chk1 (checkpoint kinase 1)-dependent Cdc25/CDK2 (cyclin-dependent kinase 2)-independent DNA damage checkpoint signal transduction pathway following low doses of BPDE (benzo[a]pyrene dihydrodiol epoxide) treatment, which causes DNA damage similar to UV-induced adducts. Cdc45 interacts physically and functionally with the putative eukaryotic replicative DNA helicase, the MCM (mini-chromosome maint

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36

Pollok, S., J. Stoepel, C. Bauerschmidt, E. Kremmer, and H. P. Nasheuer. "Regulation of eukaryotic DNA replication at the initiation step." Biochemical Society Transactions 31, no. 1 (2003): 266–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bst0310266.

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The studies of cell growth and division have remained at the centre of biomedical research for more than 100 years. The combination of genetic, biochemical, molecular and cell biological techniques recently yielded a burst in what is known of the molecular control of cell growth processes. The initiation of DNA replication is crucial for the stability of the genetic information of a cell. Two factors, Cdc45p (cell division cycle 45p) and DNA polymerase α-primase, are necessary in this process. Depending on growth signals, Cdc45p is expressed as a late protein. New phosphorylation-specific anti

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37

Yardimci, Hasan, Anna B. Loveland, Satoshi Habuchi, Antoine M. van Oijen, and Johannes C. Walter. "Uncoupling of Sister Replisomes during Eukaryotic DNA Replication." Molecular Cell 40, no. 5 (2010): 834–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.molcel.2010.11.027.

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38

WU, Jia Rui. "Regulation of eukaryotic DNA replication and nuclear structure." Cell Research 9, no. 3 (1999): 163–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.cr.7290014.

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39

Montecucco, Alessandra, Rossella Rossi, Giovanni Ferrari, A. Ivana Scovassi, Ennio Prosperi, and Giuseppe Biamonti. "Etoposide Induces the Dispersal of DNA Ligase I from Replication Factories." Molecular Biology of the Cell 12, no. 7 (2001): 2109–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.12.7.2109.

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In eukaryotic cells DNA replication occurs in specific nuclear compartments, called replication factories, that undergo complex rearrangements during S-phase. The molecular mechanisms underlying the dynamics of replication factories are still poorly defined. Here we show that etoposide, an anticancer drug that induces double-strand breaks, triggers the redistribution of DNA ligase I and proliferating cell nuclear antigen from replicative patterns and the ensuing dephosphorylation of DNA ligase I. Moreover, etoposide triggers the formation of RPA foci, distinct from replication factories. The e

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40

Depamphilis, Melvin L. "Origins of DNA replication that function in eukaryotic cells." Current Opinion in Cell Biology 5, no. 3 (1993): 434–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0955-0674(93)90008-e.

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41

Cavalier-Smith, Thomas. "Kingdoms Protozoa and Chromista and the eozoan root of the eukaryotic tree." Biology Letters 6, no. 3 (2009): 342–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2009.0948.

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I discuss eukaryotic deep phylogeny and reclassify the basal eukaryotic kingdom Protozoa and derived kingdom Chromista in the light of multigene trees. I transfer the formerly protozoan Heliozoa and infrakingdoms Alveolata and Rhizaria into Chromista, which is sister to kingdom Plantae and arguably originated by synergistic double internal enslavement of green algal and red algal cells. I establish new subkingdoms (Harosa; Hacrobia) for the expanded Chromista. The protozoan phylum Euglenozoa differs immensely from other eukaryotes in its nuclear genome organization (trans-spliced multicistroni

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42

Boos, Dominik, and Pedro Ferreira. "Origin Firing Regulations to Control Genome Replication Timing." Genes 10, no. 3 (2019): 199. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes10030199.

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Complete genome duplication is essential for genetic homeostasis over successive cell generations. Higher eukaryotes possess a complex genome replication program that involves replicating the genome in units of individual chromatin domains with a reproducible order or timing. Two types of replication origin firing regulations ensure complete and well-timed domain-wise genome replication: (1) the timing of origin firing within a domain must be determined and (2) enough origins must fire with appropriate positioning in a short time window to avoid inter-origin gaps too large to be fully copied.

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43

Bogan, Joseph A., Darren A. Natale, and Melvin L. Depamphilis. "Initiation of eukaryotic DNA replication: conservative or liberal?" Journal of Cellular Physiology 184, no. 2 (2000): 139–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1097-4652(200008)184:2<139::aid-jcp1>3.0.co;2-8.

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44

Burgers, Peter M. J. "Polymerase Dynamics at the Eukaryotic DNA Replication Fork." Journal of Biological Chemistry 284, no. 7 (2008): 4041–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.r800062200.

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45

Patel, Prasanta K., Benoit Arcangioli, Stephen P. Baker, Aaron Bensimon, and Nicholas Rhind. "DNA Replication Origins Fire Stochastically in Fission Yeast." Molecular Biology of the Cell 17, no. 1 (2006): 308–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.e05-07-0657.

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DNA replication initiates at discrete origins along eukaryotic chromosomes. However, in most organisms, origin firing is not efficient; a specific origin will fire in some but not all cell cycles. This observation raises the question of how individual origins are selected to fire and whether origin firing is globally coordinated to ensure an even distribution of replication initiation across the genome. We have addressed these questions by determining the location of firing origins on individual fission yeast DNA molecules using DNA combing. We show that the firing of replication origins is st

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46

Masai, Hisao, Zhiying You, and Ken-ichi Arai. "Control of DNA Replication: Regulation and Activation of Eukaryotic Replicative Helicase, MCM." IUBMB Life (International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology: Life) 57, no. 4-5 (2005): 323–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15216540500092419.

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47

Mass, Gilad, Tamar Nethanel, and Gabriel Kaufmann. "The Middle Subunit of Replication Protein A Contacts Growing RNA-DNA Primers in Replicating Simian Virus 40 Chromosomes." Molecular and Cellular Biology 18, no. 11 (1998): 6399–407. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.18.11.6399.

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ABSTRACT The eukaryotic single-stranded DNA binding protein replication protein A (RPA) participates in major DNA transactions. RPA also interacts through its middle subunit (Rpa2) with regulators of the cell division cycle and of the response to DNA damage. A specific contact between Rpa2 and nascent simian virus 40 DNA was revealed by in situ UV cross-linking. The dynamic attributes of the cross-linked DNA, namely, its size distribution, RNA primer content, and replication fork polarity, were determined. These data suggest that Rpa2 contacts the early DNA chain intermediates synthesized by D

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48

Reusswig, Karl-Uwe, and Boris Pfander. "Control of Eukaryotic DNA Replication Initiation—Mechanisms to Ensure Smooth Transitions." Genes 10, no. 2 (2019): 99. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes10020099.

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DNA replication differs from most other processes in biology in that any error will irreversibly change the nature of the cellular progeny. DNA replication initiation, therefore, is exquisitely controlled. Deregulation of this control can result in over-replication characterized by repeated initiation events at the same replication origin. Over-replication induces DNA damage and causes genomic instability. The principal mechanism counteracting over-replication in eukaryotes is a division of replication initiation into two steps—licensing and firing—which are temporally separated and occur at d

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49

Yoshimochi, Takehiro, Ryosuke Fujikane, Miyuki Kawanami, Fujihiko Matsunaga, and Yoshizumi Ishino. "The GINS Complex from Pyrococcus furiosus Stimulates the MCM Helicase Activity." Journal of Biological Chemistry 283, no. 3 (2007): 1601–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.m707654200.

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Abstract:

Pyrococcus furiosus, a hyperthermophilic Archaea, has homologs of the eukaryotic MCM (mini-chromosome maintenance) helicase and GINS complex. The MCM and GINS proteins are both essential factors to initiate DNA replication in eukaryotic cells. Many biochemical characterizations of the replication-related proteins have been reported, but it has not been proved that the homologs of each protein are also essential for replication in archaeal cells. Here, we demonstrated that the P. furiosus GINS complex interacts with P. furiosus MCM. A chromatin immunoprecipitation assay revealed that the GINS c

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Lewis, Jacob S., Lisanne M. Spenkelink, Grant D. Schauer, et al. "Tunability of DNA Polymerase Stability during Eukaryotic DNA Replication." Molecular Cell 77, no. 1 (2020): 17–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.molcel.2019.10.005.

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