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Journal articles on the topic 'Euphemism'
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1
Kudirka, Robertas. "The old and the new formation of euphemisms. Graphical euphemisms formation in electronic discourse." Lietuvių kalba, no. 6 (December 28, 2012): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/lk.2012.22706.
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Euphemistic substitution occurs due to taboo issues and the most common taboo subjects are physiological actions or their results (motion, sexual intercourse etc) thus the basic function of euphemistic substitution is to soften an offensive, vulgar word. A euphemism is usually defined as a softer, a more neutral substitute for vulgar words, however, such a definition is narrow and not precise as it only indicates one feature of euphemism formation, i.e. correctness, tact. Ascribing euphemisms only to the field of tropes does not reflect their contemporary distribution. Now euphemisms are also used as a linguistic means to conceal facts and manipulate the audience. It is necessary to understand the contemporary usage of euphemisms by two perspectives, i.e. as (1) a neutral word or phrase that is used instead of a synonymous one which is impolite or politically incorrect; and also as (2) individual, occasional contextual substitutions aimed at misrepresenting or concealing facts, real meaffning etc. The new usage of euphemisms is especially relevant to advocate and consolidate new social or political doctrines, "to positively inform" about acts of war carried out by totalitarian regimes, etc. Researchers investigating euphemism usage sometimes do not even mention graphical euphemism formation or do not pay greater attention to it, although in electronic discourse this is a widespread phenomenon. In written language in order to achieve euphemistic effect, a word can be restructured or changed by using non-letter graphical symbols instead of letters, euphemised graphical equivalents can be created. Graphical euphemism formation in manipulative media is not common due to obviousness. Graphical euphemisms as substitutes for obscene vocabulary are most commonly used in internet forums, article comments, interactive chat rooms. When using a graphical euphemism, the automatic check programme does not recognise it as a swearword, a vulgar word and allows inserting such a message. The article distinguishes six types of graphical euphemism formation in electronic discourse: insertion of a letter, insertion of a space, insertion of a non-letter symbol, substitution of a letter with a non-letter symbol, omission of a word part (beginning, middle, ending) and encryption. Together with these types, the cases of occasional and mixed euphemism formation are discussed. The most common type is the omission of a word part (beginning, middle, ending), another common category is that of the substitution of a letter with a non-letter symbol. Less frequent is euphemism formation by inserting a letter, a space or some other non-letter symbol into a word, while the least frequent and unpopular are cases of encrypting a euphemised word.
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Andreeva, Valentina A. "Euphemia as a linguocultural phenomenon of the Vietnamese language." Russian Journal of Vietnamese Studies 6, no. 2 (July 12, 2022): 82–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.54631/vs.2022.61-106111.
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The article analyzes euphemia as a linguocultural phenomenon in the Vietnamese language. It examines the interrelationship between euphemisms and taboos. The author distinguishes five functional types of euphemisms. They are: euphemisms-word taboos used to avoid names of frightful things and phenomena; euphemisms to substitute something obscene, indecent, unpleasant; etiquette euphemisms; political euphemisms; puns (wordplay) for an intended humorous effect. There are the following large fields of euphemisms: everyday-spoken and socio-political. There have been determined euphemism formation modes which are divided into two large categories: structural (formal) and lexico-semantic ones. The article analyzes different euphemism formation modes. In the course of the study, the author has used a broad illustrative material. The research work relevance is due to the widespread usage of euphemisms in the media and communication.
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Putra, Hendri Pitrio, and Pratomo Widodo. "EUPHEMISMS IN 2019 PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION DEBATES." LEKSEMA: Jurnal Bahasa dan Sastra 5, no. 2 (December 31, 2020): 123–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.22515/ljbs.v5i2.2656.
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This research aimed at describing the forms and functions of euphemism in the Presidential and Vice-Presidential Debate of the Republic of Indonesia in 2019. This research also explained the form and function of euphemism that was most dominantlyused and whose speech containing most elements of euphemism. The method used in the research was descriptive qualitative method and content analysis approach. The data sources in this research were videos and transcripts of the Presidential and Vice-Presidential Debate in the first and fifth rounds in 2019. The results of this study revealednine forms of euphemism, namely figurative expression, metaphor, flippancy, circumlocutions, clipping, acronym, abbreviation, one for one substitution, borrowing, and hyperbole. The most dominant euphemism form used was one for One Substitution with the total of 164 or 61.4%. Furthermore, the speech that had the most euphemism was Joko Widodo with the total of 113 euphemisms or 42.3%. Finally, this research also showedfour functions of euphemismas a form of positive imaging, criticizing or insinuating opponents, refining speech, and as a tool for diplomacy.
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Winata, Nana. "EUFEMISME DALAM BERITA ELEKTRONIK TRIBUNJABAR.ID EDISI BULAN MEI 2021." Vol. 13 No. 2 (2023): Literasi: Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Bahasa, Sastra Indonesia dan Daerah 13, no. 2 (July 1, 2023): 493–507. http://dx.doi.org/10.23969/literasi.v13i2.6152.
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The purpose of this study was to identify the form of euphemism, the function of euphemism, and the meaning of euphemism. The method used is descriptive qualitative research. The data in this study are in the form of words, phrases, sentences, or euphemistic expressions contained in the May 2021 edition of the electronic news Tribunjabar.id. In this study, there are 49 euphemistic data from the May 2021 edition of Tribunjabar.id as data from May 1 to May 31, 2021. In this study there are 3 data collection techniques, namely reading carefully and thoroughly every word, phrase, sentence, or expression of euphemism contained in the May 2021 edition of the Tribunjabar.id electronic news. The results of this study prove that there is the use of euphemisms in the Tribunjabar electronic news. en May 2021 issue, such as the use of words, phrases, meanings, and functions of euphemisms. (1) The euphemism of the use of words has 5 forms of data in the form of words and the euphemism of the use of words with affixes has 4 forms of data. (2) The euphemism of the use of the phrase has 4 forms. (3) The euphemism of the use of abbreviations in this section is clear and abbreviations are divided into two parts, namely initials and acronyms. The euphemism for the use of abbreviations contains 12 data, including 5 data in the form of initials. There are 7 data forms of acromine expression. (4) The euphemism of the use of loanwords contains 10 forms of data. (5) Euphemisms for the use of foreign terms in 6 forms of data. (6) Euphemisms using metaphors in 4 forms of data. (7) The euphemism of the use of 4 forms of data.
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Lestari, Yuni. "EUPHEMISMS RELATED TO LGBT-MOVEMENT SITUATIONS USED IN ENGLISH INDONESIAN FANSUB TRANSLATION IN MILK (2008)." CrossOver 1, no. 2 (December 31, 2021): 44–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.22515/crossover.v1i2.4080.
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Euphemism is generally designed to cover up sensitive, taboo and unpleasant words with more neutral and acceptable expressions. This research examined the translation of euphemisms used in LGBT-movement related situations from Milk (2008) movie’s English into Indonesian fansub. The aims of this research are to find out the classification of euphemisms in the frame of an existing euphemism model (Warren, 1992), to describe the translation techniques used to translate the euphemisms by using the translation technique theory (Molina & Albir, 2002), and to discover the intended meaning of the euphemisms by adapting levels of intended meaning theory (Stiles, 1986). Furthermore, descriptive qualitative with the strategy of single embedded case is applied as the method of this research. The data is then analyzed using Spradley’s data analysis model. The results show that the classification of euphemisms in the source language is not always translated into the same classification of euphemisms in the target language. It indicates that the way to construct sentences, the grammatical structure and the class of words in the source language are not exactly the same with the target language. The translation techniques applied by the translator are literal, generalization, modulation, variation, established equivalent, pure borrowing, natural borrowing, deletion, linguistic compression, and amplification wherein three translation forms are arisen. The three forms are euphemism translated into euphemism (67%), euphemism translated into non-euphemism (25%), and euphemism deleted in the target language (8%). This result proves that the translator has really paid attention to the phenomenon of LGBT embedded in the euphemisms. The result of the intended meaning analysis shows that after being translated, intended meaning levels from the source language are not always the same with intended meaning levels in the target language. It is due to certain euphemisms in the source language that may be different when they are being functioned in the target language.Keywords: euphemism, LGBT-movement, translation technique, intended meaning, fansub
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Mugair, Sarab Kadir. "A Comparative Study of Euphemism and Dysphemism in English and Arabic with Special Reference to Political Discourse." JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN LINGUISTICS 4, no. 1 (May 18, 2014): 259–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.24297/jal.v4i1.5206.
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This study aims at analyzing euphemisms in English and Arabic. Euphemisms address culturally sensitive areas and this is why they have not received a lot of academic attention from applied linguists in general and sociolinguists in particular. The study begins by listing the ways of forming euphemism in both English and Arabic. Then it sheds light on English Political euphemism for being a tool for political leaders to control information transmission. Based on some examples, this paper summarises three features which distinguish political euphemism from others. Then, it discusses pragmatically how political euphemism violates all the maxims of Grice's cooperative principle. We briefly discuss dysphemism and in which way its formation process is similar and different from euphemism. Such study of this linguistic phenomenon provides a proof that language is not only a reflection of the objective world but a process of social construction.
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Ramadhani, Rima Khairatur, and Jufrizal Jufrizal. "Types and Motives of Using Euphemism By Minangkabau Teenagers and Adults in Pariaman." English Language and Literature 11, no. 1 (October 7, 2022): 89. http://dx.doi.org/10.24036/ell.v11i1.115121.
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This research aimed at finding the types and motives of using euphemism by Minangkabau teenagers and adults in Pariaman. The type of this research was descriptive-qualitative research. The data were euphemism uterances used by the informants. The informants of this research were Minangkabau native speakers. The data were collected by using the observation. The researcher found there were four types and two motives of euphemisms used by Minangkabau teenagers in Pariaman. Types of euphemisms were part of body, thing and animal, event, characteristics and situation while the motives of euphemisms were to polite the speech and hide something. Meanwhile, there were seven types and three motives of euphemisms used by Minangkabau adults. Types of euphemisms were part of body, thing and animal, event, characteristics and situation, occupation, disease, and activity euphemism. The motives included to polite the speech, hide something and refuse hazard.
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Yosani, Yosephine Marrietta Ardhya, Bakdal Ginanjar, and Ayu Fitria Nurjanah. "PENGGUNAAN EUFEMISME DALAM KOMENTAR DI POSTINGAN INSTAGRAM NADIEM MAKARIM." Hasta Wiyata 5, no. 2 (July 30, 2022): 119–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.21776/ub.hastawiyata.2022.005.02.02.
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Social media is an application that humans can use to communicate, one of which is Instagram. In communicating, the language used is polite language or contains euphemisms so as not to cause misunderstandings with the interlocutor. In this study, research was conducted on the types of euphemisms contained in the comments on the Instagram account @nadiemmakarim. The purpose of this study is to describe the types of euphemisms contained in the comments of the Instagram account @nadiemmakarim. This research is in the form of a qualitative descriptive with the data source of the Instagram account @nadiemmakarim. The data is in the form of 35 comments and analyzed using the agih method and the dressing technique. The results of this study found that there are figurative euphemisms, clipping euphemisms, acronym euphemism, one word euphemisms to replace another word, and jargon euphemisms. The most dominant type of euphemism is one word euphemism to replace another word with the function og softening the word so as not to offend the interlocutor.
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Wibowo, Hanafi, and Nurul Luthfia Ramadhani. "An Analysis of Euphemism in The Captions of Folkative Instagram Accounts." Tamaddun 23, no. 1 (June 10, 2024): 78–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.33096/tamaddun.v23i1.669.
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This research discusses about “An Analysis of Euphemism in the captions of Folkative Instagram accounts”. The purpose of this research is focused on two things, namely: Identifying the types and functions of euphemisms found in captions of Folkative Instagram account. This research used descriptive qualitative method. Data collection techniques involved reading the captions posted by Folkative on January-March 2023 and note-taking captions that contain euphemisms, and the last classify data selection based on type and function of euphemism. Data on the types of euphemisms were analyzed based on the theory of Allan and Burridge, and the function of euphemisms was analyzed using the theory of Rusman. In addition, the data source is the Captions of Folkative Instagram account from January-March 2023. The research focused on @Folkative Instagram account. The results of this research found 129 data. The researcher found 10 types of euphemisms used in captions for Instagram Folkative accounts there are Metaphor 3 data (2%); Litotes 3 data (2%); Acronyms 21 data (16%); Abbreviations 61 data (47%); Clipping 11 data (9%); Synecdoche 4 data (3%); Idioms 17 data (13%); Borrowing 6 data (5%); Reduplication 2 data (2%); Omissions 1 data (1%). The researcher found 3 functions euphemism from Captions of Folkative Instagram account namely, Informs 77 data (60%); Evaluates 30 data (23%); Modalizes 22 data (17%). Based on the data found, the most widely used type of euphemism by Instagram Folkative accounts is Abbreviations with 61 data and the function of euphemism used is Informs with 77 data.
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Shi, Lang. "A Review of Chinese and English Euphemism Contrastive and Translation Studies." Journal of Education and Educational Research 4, no. 2 (July 20, 2023): 78–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/jeer.v4i2.10746.
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There are a large number of euphemisms in both English and Chinese which plays an important role in communication. Due to the differences in politics, economy, history, religion, values and ways of thinking between China and the west, the translation of English and Chinese euphemisms is of great significance to cross-cultural communication. In recent years, the study on the comparison and translation of euphemisms between English and Chinese has attracted the attention of domestic scholars. This paper selects 28 Chinese papers on the comparison and translation of euphemisms between Chinese and English on CNKI, summarizes the general situation of the comparison and translation of euphemisms in China in the past 10 years, and summarizes the characteristics of the research. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the current situation of euphemism translation in China and find out the limitations of euphemism translation so as to promote the further development of euphemism translation.
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Tuerah, Javier. "EUPHEMISM IN CNN ONLINE NEWSPAPER." KOMPETENSI 1, no. 09 (December 15, 2022): 809–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.53682/kompetensi.v1i09.2906.
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This research aims at identifying euphemisms as figurative language and explain their types and functions in CNN Online Newspaper. This research applied descriptive method. In the data gathering, this study applied purposive sampling technique. The subject of this research was nine news items published in CNN official site with time range of July 2021. Based on the findings, the most frequent type of euphemism used by the news writer was negative euphemisms with eleven data (55%) and the least type was positive euphemism with nine data (45%). This shows the commonness of figurative language use in social life especially in online media as public scope. From the entire news data, several news contain more than two and more euphemisms and the rest have less than two euphemisms. Since figurative language especially euphemism is effective for maintaining harmonious social relationship language users, the use of euphemistic expressions are highly recommended for any purpose as professionals especially lecturers and students as well as language users.
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Suhadi, Jumino, M. Manugeren, Purwarno Purwarno, Purwanto Siwi, and Susi Ekalestari. "FUNCTIONS OF EUPHEMISM IN PUTU WIJAYA’S SHORT STORY GURU." English Review: Journal of English Education 10, no. 1 (December 30, 2021): 27–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.25134/erjee.v10i1.5351.
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Euphemisms in the form of non-offensive or subtle expressions to replace the one felt to be insulting or unpleasant become guidelines in social interaction, essentially, using words with good meanings or intentions. Euphemism can also be interpreted as an expression that is not straightforward, the driving motive behind the development of pejorative, motivated by a natural human attitude, avoiding conflict by not hurting or offending other people. If there were no euphemisms, there might be depression or demeaning of meaning. This research is focused on the functions of euphemism in the short story entitled Guru written by Putu Wijaya with the concept of the functions of euphemism in speech acts. The research is conducted by descriptive qualitative method related to social phenomena, in this case the uses of euphemism either in a literary or social text. The results show that out of the 15 data obtained, there are 12 data referred to the function of euphemism as a means of speech refinement (80%), 2 as a means of diplomacy (13%, and 1 keeping something secret (6%).
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Sitohang, Mangantar, Sifa Cahayati, and Mohamad Mansur. "AN ANALYSIS OF TABOO WORDS AND EUPHEMISMS FOUND IN THE CHARACTERS’ UTTERANCES IN THE MOVIE ENTITLED “THE PURGE: ELECTION YEAR”." Journal of English Language and Literature (JELL) 6, no. 2 (September 4, 2021): 115–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.37110/jell.v6i2.129.
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The aims of this research are to find and to discuss the types, functions of Taboo words and the types of Euphemisms. The qualitative method is used in this research since the description regarding the utterances found in the movie is necessary. The quantitative approach is used in this research as well in representing the data findings by using percentages. The research data are taken from the movie scripts and are formed from the characters’ utterances either words or phrases. As the results, the researcher found five types of language of Taboo in the movie that consist of (1) Obscenity, (2) Epithets, (3) Profanity, (4) Insults and Slurs (5) and Vulgarity. Obscenity is the highest number of occurrence while Vulgarity holds the smallest number. There are four functions of Taboo language which are namely; (1) To draw Attention to one self, (2) To be Aggressive or Provocative, (3) To show Contempt, and (4) To mock Authority. To draw attention to one self is the most appeared functions of Taboo while to mock authority is the smallest number. There are four types of Euphemisms found in the movie which are (1) Euphemisms for Death and Killing, (2) Euphemism for Political Correctness, (3) Euphemisms for Sexual Activities, and (4) Euphemism for Addressing. The most appeared type of Euphemism is Euphemisms for Death and Killing while the least appeared one is Euphemism for Addressing.
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Heidepeter, Philipp, and Ursula Reutner. "When humour questions taboo." Sex, Death & Politics 28, no. 1 (December 31, 2021): 138–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/pc.20027.hei.
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Abstract The article examines the ways in which humour twists regular euphemism use. Based on the classical fields of euphemisms anchored in religion, aesthetics, social politics, and amorality, it identifies the characteristics of their twisted variants with a humorous component: playing-with-fire euphemisms that jocosely provoke supernatural forces, innuendo euphemisms that entertain, mocking euphemisms that make fun of others in a teasing or demeaning way, and idealistic euphemisms that uncover obfuscating language and negative realities. Using English, German, French, Italian, Portuguese, and Spanish euphemisms of different periods and genres, the article analyses the intentions, origins, motives, functions, and styles of humour, differentiates between symbiotic and parasitic twists, and thus provides a typology of twisted euphemism use.
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Riyono, Ahdi, Emzir Emzir, and Ninuk Lustyantie. "TRANSLATION OF THE RELATIONAL VALUES OF EUPHEMISTIC EXPRESSIONS INTO ENGLISH FROM INDONESIAN LITERARY WORK." English Review: Journal of English Education 8, no. 1 (December 27, 2019): 121. http://dx.doi.org/10.25134/erjee.v8i1.2092.
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This research is to describe the forms and translation techniques of Euphemism in the rendering of The Dancer novel by Ren� TA Lysloff. The researcher used a qualitative method with a content analysis technique. The Data of research are in the forms of clauses containing expressions of Euphemism. The data source was taken from Ronggeng Dukuh Paruk (RDP) novel and its translation of the Dancer. The result showed that there were 35 data (83.3%) of the Euphemism forms of translated into euphemisms, and only 7 data (16,7%) of euphemisms were translated into other forms. The techniques used include single, duplet, and triplet techniques. The conclusions of the research showed that there were shifts in ideological forms and values of the translated novel.
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Jaganegara, Haidar, and I. Dewa Putu Wijana. "Euphemism roles as a disguise tool in political texts: A case study of Tempo online political articles." SULUK: Jurnal Bahasa, Sastra, dan Budaya 5, no. 1 (March 30, 2023): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.15642/suluk.2023.5.1.1-19.
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The mass media tends to use euphemisms in political news narratives. The euphemistic was chosen by the editor to avoid controversy due to the broadcast of a news material. This research aims to discuss the types of euphemisms in the news narrative on Tempo political articles (December 2022-January 2023). Political euphemism is seen through van Dijk's paradigm which focuses on local semantics and lexicon, especially how political leaders tend to use this style of language as a political linguistic tactic. The data in the form of political texts were then tested again with Allan and Burridge's concept of euphemism who thought that euphemism as an ideal style of language in social communication in order to achieve maximum effect to avoid sensitive topics. The results of the study conclude that there is a tendency to use euphemisms in word and phrase classes by politicians. Their linguistic corpus consists mostly of metaphors, synecdoche, borrowing, hyperbole, abbreviations, and acronyms.
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Sulistiyo, Adhea Tsabitah, Yulianeta Yulianeta, and Velayeti Nurfitriana Ansas. "The use of euphemisms in Ancient Storybook of Indonesia Korea 1 Hanguk Indonesia Yetiyagi 1." Journal of Korean Applied Linguistics 3, no. 2 (October 30, 2023): 79–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.17509/jokal.v3i2.39963.
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Korean students and beginner-level Korean learners often use harsh language because they often learn from shows that use coarse language. Therefore, this study of euphemism aimed to describe (1) variations of euphemisms in the form of words or sentences, taboos, cultural traits, social discrimination, and negative situations (2) the functions of using euphemisms in the book Ancient Korean Indonesian Stories 1. This research is a qualitative descriptive research. The data were analyzed through data reduction, data display, and pulling a conclusion or verification. Data validity was obtained from data triangulation. The data were analyzed based on the theory of the form and function of euphemism by Kim Mi Hyeong. This research shows the following results. First, the euphemisms of words 86%, and sentences 14%. Forms of euphemisms based on taboo is 71%, (2) social discrimination 10%, (3) negative situations 19%, and zero data were found in the form of cultural traits. Second, the euphemism function (1) the self-protection function is 9%, (2) the purification function is 43%, which is the most dominant function contained in the data in the object of this study. Second, the euphemism function (1) the self-protection function is 9%, (2) the purification function is 43%, which is the most dominant function found in this object of study. (3) control maintenance and social order 29%, (4) protection role 5%, (5) and function change in meaning 14%, and there was no data found on the function of the need for new terminology.
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Ekasiwi, Alvia Nurrahma, and Barli Bram. "Exploring Euphemisms in Bridgerton: Diamond of the First Water." IDEAS: Journal on English Language Teaching and Learning, Linguistics and Literature 10, no. 1 (June 10, 2022): 240–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.24256/ideas.v10i1.2599.
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The development of language affects speech cultures and modes of communication. Politer terms were created to avoid misunderstanding. This phenomenon is called euphemism. Employing euphemisms while discussing sensitive topics can help people express their ideas politely. This present study aims to determine the types of euphemism used in a famous television series entitled Bridgerton. The research was conducted only on the first episode of the series. This qualitative research employed content analysis as the research methodology. The research findings showed six types of euphemism identified, namely substitution, litotes, metonym, hyperbole, synecdoche, and colour-based metaphor for x-phemism. Nevertheless, this research was only analyzing the first episode of the series. Hence, the results might have differed in other episodes. Future researchers who are interested in the same topic may find other types of euphemisms that this research cannot cover.
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Al-Azzam, Bakri, Mohammad Al-Ahaydib, Norah Alkhowaiter, and Husam Al-Momani. "Social and Cultural Euphemism in Saudi Arabic: a Semantic, a Pragmatic and a Sociolinguistic Analysis." Advances in Language and Literary Studies 8, no. 2 (April 30, 2017): 64. http://dx.doi.org/10.7575/aiac.alls.v.8n.2p.64.
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This paper explores the universal linguistic phenomenon of the social and cultural euphemism in Saudi Arabic. It aims at improving the understanding of other cultures' readers of the Saudi culture, concerning uses of euphemism, and simultaneously showing how some linguistic expressions are essentially products of social and cultural pressures. To examine this notion, the study analyzes and classifies examples of the most frequently used Saudi Arabic euphemism, based on various topics. The study shows that the social and cultural factors are very influential in expressing euphemism. It also reveals a clear and a huge shift in the use of euphemism in the Saudi culture, where Saudis did not apply euphemisms frequently in the past, as they are applying these days. Because of the new development of the country’s economy, openness, interfaith dialogue, cultural communication, new lifestyles have emerged and called for more prestigious linguistic behavior. It is hoped that the study would uncover why there are certain sensitive situations where euphemism is needed, such as those of religion, social circumstances, and death situations.
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G., Eldev-Ochir. "Монгол, хятад хэлний цээрлэн нэрлэхүйн зэрэгцүүлэл." Mongolian Journal of Foreign Languages and Culture 21, no. 467 (March 2, 2023): 187–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.22353/mjflc.v21i467.2794.
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A variety of euphemisms in all fields share universal functions in communication. Euphemism is a “lubricant” in interpersonal relations since euphemistic expressions can avoid being presumptuous in language communication and deliberately lessens the negative or unpleasant connotations and reminds people of nicer images. When we have to touch upon some topics that are unpleasant, we tend to choose more euphemistic expressions to substitute those painful topics so as not to hurt the hearer’s feeling. Euphemism plays a very important role in communication. Generally speaking, euphemism serves four basic pragmatic functions: evasion function, indirectness function, politeness function and decoration function.
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AL Qahtani, Osama. "Translation Techniques applied in the Translation of Euphemisms for Hardship in the Quran." Advances in Language and Literary Studies 11, no. 6 (December 31, 2020): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.7575/aiac.alls.v.11n.6p.31.
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Most sacred texts are filled with denotative and connotative meanings, thus making theses texts holy and sacred. This results in making these texts sensitive when dealing with the original text or the translated text. The reason for this sensitivity can be due to the content of the taboo or hidden message within the text. Euphemism is one of the used and evident linguistic features of many holy and sacred texts. This paper investigates and compares three different translations of the Quran with special focus on euphemisms for hardship in the Quran. It aimed at answering the question of what translation techniques and euphemism types are used to translate euphemism for hardship in the Quran. The paper argues that literal translation is the most applied technique in the translation of such euphemism.
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Полюжин, Михайло, and Ірина Юричко. "THE USE OF EUPHEMISMS IN MODERN POLITICAL DISCOURSE." Молодий вчений, no. 10 (122) (October 31, 2023): 67–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.32839/2304-5809/2023-10-122-14.
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The article presents the results of research aimed at defining the concept of "euphemism" and its role in modern political discourse. The study of euphemism is an urgent linguistic issue today, however, particular attention is devoted to the study of the phenomenon of euphemization in political discourse. Political euphemisms strongly influence public opinion by highlighting events and actions in a specific light. Official political speeches, as a means of communication between politicians and people, are especially important now during the period of Russian aggression against Ukraine. That is why the study was based on the speeches of three world leaders: U.S. President Joe Biden, Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau, and Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy. It is revealed that in the context of the Russo-Ukrainian war, political leaders used euphemisms to downplay or mitigate the seriousness of certain actions or events. The peculiarities of euphemism functioning in contemporary political discourse remain relatively unexplored and require further study and detailed analysis.
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Bobeica, Galina. "Exploring the key triggers of euphemism: a critical outlook at how culture and society influence language." Studia Universitatis Moldaviae. Seria Ştiinţe Umanistice, no. 4(174) (October 2023): 139–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.59295/sum4(174)2023_18.
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In the context of diplomatic language, euphemisms play an important role in international and intercultural communication. The use of polite and courteous language is crucial in maintaining amiable diplomatic relations between two or more countries. Euphemisms are words or expressions used instead of terms considered to be offensive, insulting or too harsh in a certain context. Although their use may seem a way of being polite or avoiding confrontation, they are triggered by different factors and influence human communication. The main triggers of euphemisms are considered to be political correctness, politeness, cultural taboos and dysphemisms. This article thoroughly explores the way in which the triads euphemism – political correctness – politeness (pragmatic perspective) and euphemism – taboo – dysphemism (semantic perspective) influence the use of euphemisms in the diplomatic context and the way they can help maintain positive diplomatic relations.
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Aziz, Alaa Salahuldeen. "A Euphemistic Perspective to Death Expressions in Arabic Poetry with Reference to English." Journal of Tikrit University for Humanities 27, no. 1 (January 26, 2020): 76–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/jtuh.27.1.2020.25.
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The current study deals with the theoretical part of the English euphemisms and their Arabic equivalents. Death euphemism is an area that should be considered for its importance and may due to the fact that the original words might offend, disturb, or embarrass the addressee. The current study hypothesizes that death euphemism is a typical and common cultural phenomenon in both English and Arabic. The study aims at investigating the euphemistic death expressions and words as well as showing the reasons behind using such expressions. Practically, some selected related examples of both English and Arabic have been tackled. Finally, it can be concluded that death euphemism is a universal phenomenon.
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Baranova, Svitlana, and Kristina Pletenko. "Linguistic problems of identification of euphemisms as a language phenomenon." Vìsnik Marìupolʹsʹkogo deržavnogo unìversitetu. Serìâ: Fìlologìâ 12, no. 21 (2019): 99–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.34079/2226-3055-2019-12-21-99-104.
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In the article, the definition and classification tendencies of the «euphemism» concept are taken into consideration. In the study of any linguistic concept, the creation of a theoretical and methodological basis is of fundamental importance. This basis can be used for a deeper analysis of the phenomenon itself, as well as for the comparative analysis of the notion with regard to other linguistic elements. However, if it is a challenge just to define the phenomenon, then further studies – at horizontal and vertical levels, synchronously or diachronically – will cause significant difficulties. The main problem of euphemism definition lies in the fact that this phenomenon is a multi-functional and multi-structural element. It can be represented in different forms, for instance, words or word-combinations. A single euphemistic construction can be considered as a part of another group of the language vocabulary. In the article, the main highlight is devoted to the English euphemistic constructions, but the author also mentions the connection of euphemism realization in different languages. This feature allows considering euphemism a language universal. Since the article substantiates the euphemisms’ being a linguistic universal, the author also mentions about the connection between the euphemistic vocabulary and other language layers. The article highlights the impact of such a connection on the problem of defining the term «euphemism». The article is focused on structuring the phenomenon and determining the main functions of the euphemisms’ use. Among the characteristic features of euphemisms, there is the replacement of direct nomination as a result of a historically and socially motivated ban on its use, as well as the presence of authorial self-censorship, if the use of a direct name contradicts the pragmatic intentions of the addressee. The use of euphemisms allows a speaker (a so-called owner of the message) to avoid focusing on the negative sides of the information, to change the communicative situation and make it advantageous and beneficial for the addressee, to manipulate and to form the response of the massage’s recipients. The author identifies the reasons that hinder the creation of a unified classification base and generally unified concept of «euphemism». Moreover, the author states that euphemisms as a linguistic universal are an integral part of a language system (English as well). Their peculiarities are manifested in the daily language, both its written and spoken forms, that is, this linguistic phenomenon is a clear example of the two-way interaction of the social development processes and the people’s worldview principles.
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Astiandani, Fitri Rahmawati, Slamet Setiawan, and Ali Mustofa. "Macron’s Euphemism and Speech Acts in Prophet Cartoons Political Interview Used for Teaching Reading Comprehension." IDEAS: Journal on English Language Teaching and Learning, Linguistics and Literature 9, no. 2 (December 18, 2021): 366–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.24256/ideas.v9i2.2311.
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The prophet’s cartoon is an immense controversy for France and a country with a Muslim majority. As the France President, Emmanuel Macron has rarely gained critic toward the use of language when conveying his political discourse in the prophet cartoon case. Thus, this study explores Macron’s euphemism expressions in his political interview with Al Jazeera on the prophet cartoon. This paper also examines the effect (perlocutionary act) of Macron’s euphemism and then uses them as a means of teaching inferential reading comprehension in secondary school. This qualitative study employed transcription and documentation techniques to obtain the data. Macron’s euphemism was taken from his political interview on October 31, 2020 with Al-Jazeera, and comments of Macron’s political interview on YouTube are also used for the sample of the perlocutionary act. Moreover, Macron’s euphemism in YouTube is associated with euphemism in Jakarta Post online newspaper to be used as a means of teaching inferential reading comprehension. This study relied on the kind of euphemism by Rawson (1981), euphemism formation by Šebková (2012), perlocutionary act by Austin (1962), and inferential reading theory by Westwood (2008). In brief, it has been found that Macron utilized many positive euphemisms with widening formation to maintain his ideology and to shape the views of the world’s Muslims. Two perlocutionary acts (expression of acceptance and rejection) were also discovered, and Macron’s euphemism could be used as a means of teaching inferential reading comprehension.
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Seethappan, K., and K. Premalatha. "A comparative analysis of euphemistic sentences in news using feature weight scheme and intelligent techniques." Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems 42, no. 3 (February 2, 2022): 1937–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/jifs-211295.
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Although there have been various researches in the detection of different figurative language, there is no single work in the automatic classification of euphemisms. Our primary work is to present a system for the automatic classification of euphemistic phrases in a document. In this research, a large dataset consisting of 100,000 sentences is collected from different resources for identifying euphemism or non-euphemism utterances. In this work, several approaches are focused to improve the euphemism classification: 1. A Combination of lexical n-gram features 2.Three Feature-weighting schemes 3.Deep learning classification algorithms. In this paper, four machine learning (J48, Random Forest, Multinomial Naïve Bayes, and SVM) and three deep learning algorithms (Multilayer Perceptron, Convolutional Neural Network, and Long Short-Term Memory) are investigated with various combinations of features and feature weighting schemes to classify the sentences. According to our experiments, Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) achieves precision 95.43%, recall 95.06%, F-Score 95.25%, accuracy 95.26%, and Kappa 0.905 by using a combination of unigram and bigram features with TF-IDF feature weighting scheme in the classification of euphemism. These results of experiments show CNN with a strong combination of unigram and bigram features set with TF-IDF feature weighting scheme outperforms another six classification algorithms in detecting the euphemisms in our dataset.
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Shi, Ruiying. "Euphemism from Sociolinguistics Perspective." Communications in Humanities Research 18, no. 1 (December 7, 2023): 170–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2753-7064/18/20231154.
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Euphemism is an important means of harmonizing interpersonal relations in language use. As a universal phenomenon in human language, in different cultural backgrounds and different language groups, different social classes have certain linguistic means to express euphemisms, so the research on euphemisms is very rich. Linguistics at home and abroad have conducted a lot of research on the origin, history, development and change of euphemisms from the perspectives of sociolinguistics, rhetoric, psychology and pragmatics. Since euphemisms are used in many fields of social life, they have had strong sociocultural characteristics since their birth. Therefore, this paper mainly analyses the pragmatic functions of euphemisms and the differences in their use in communicative contexts from the perspective of sociolinguistics. In this paper, the author uses the context theory and the comparative analysis theory of sociolinguistics to analyse euphemisms. The findings of this paper have a positive effect on cross-cultural communication and elimination of communicative errors.
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ZUBKOVA, O. S., and S. A. LOGVINA. "Linguo-cultural specificity of euphemia: applied aspect." Issues of Applied Linguistics, no. 54 (2024): 31–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.25076/vpl.54.02.
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The article is devoted to the linguacultural aspects of Euphemia from the point of view of the representation of linguistic cultural universals in the mental lexicon of a native speaker, social factorization and target contextual dominance, as well as the audience factor. It is stated, that there are certain minimally adequate conditions demanded from a lexical unit to be called a euphemism and be successfully decoded in the process of communication: denotative amelioration, semantic contensivity, information traduction. The linguocultural analysis of Euphemia manifests its double nature – a universal character and uniqueness due to national specificity and the characteristics of the national mentality, as well as social and contextual dominance. The subject of our research is euphemism, the cognitive processes of its formation and its explication in speech activity. We consider euphemism, first of all, as a “strategy at the planning stage,” which reflects the correlation of language and cultural awareness, which is one of the elements of the scientific novelty of the approach we propose. Euphemism in our understanding is the only possible format for the design of euphemism both in internal speech and in external speech (written or oral). The methodological significance of the properties of euphemism that we have identified, namely: denotative amelioration, semantic intensity, information tradition, confirms its empirical suitability in the context of decoding within the framework of communicative interaction in any culture, since it represents the basic aspects of the objectification of stable archetypes and their correlation with the language system.
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Hamzyuk, М. "MILITARY AND POLITICAL EUPHEMISMS IN MODERN GERMAN-SPEAKING MEDIA OF MASS COMMUNICATION." MESSENGER of Kyiv National Linguistic University. Series Philology 25, no. 1 (August 26, 2022): 19–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.32589/2311-0821.1.2022.263101.
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The article presents the study of the functioning of military-political euphemisms in modern German language means of mass communication. The purpose of the work is to study the differences between the use of military and political euphemisms of the German language from other types of euphemisms and linguistic means of countering manipulation with their help in the conditions of a hybrid war. The material selected by a continuous sample was analyzed using the contextual-interpretive method. To achieve the goal, a number of tasks were solved: 1) the concept of “euphemism” was clarified, 2) functional and pragmatic features of military-political euphemisms were determined, 3) linguistic means of countering the manipulation of the recipients’ consciousness by using military-political euphemisms in the German media space in the conditions of a hybrid war were established. After February 24, 2022, a reformatting of the German-language official discourse in the mass media is observed from uncertainty to condemnation of the Russian-Ukrainian war. One of the means of manipulating consciousness in the conditions of modern hybrid warfare, actively used by politicians and journalists, is euphemism. Fixation of war in the German language develops as a process of euphemism formation and its overcoming: an exposure of “language corruption” as one of the manipulation types, on the one hand, and, on the other hand, detection of the so-called “foreign meanings” in the war language.
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Naumenko, Stanislav, and Maksym Kryvonis. "Linguistic means of forming euphemisms in the modern Chinese language." 27, no. 27 (December 26, 2023): 44–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.26565/2218-2926-2023-27-03.
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The article discusses the linguistic means of forming euphemisms in the modern Chinese language and the study of the concept of “euphemism” synchronically and diachronically. Authors highlighted and described several linguistic classifications of euphemisms, presenting the historical prerequisites for their appearance in China, analyzing the connection between taboos and euphemistic vocabulary and formulating the main subject-thematic groups of Chinese euphemisms. Attention is paid to the methods of formation of euphemisms in the Chinese language, including the phonetic allusion, antonomasia, euphemization of certain fixed expressions, metaphor, metonymy. With the help of deductive-inductive analysis and a vast set of examples, authors describe how some foundations of Confucious morality and ethical-ritual traditions in Chinese society led to restriction of the usage for some lexical units and resulted in the emergence of a large number of euphemisms in the Chinese language. The study reveals many factors influencing the usage of euphemisms in the modern Chinese language including the development of society. Special attention in the article is given to the role of euphemism as a universal phenomenon, providing an opportunity for better understanding the culture of the Chinese people and their language and widening the field of effective cross-cultural communication. The authors examined the works of prominent Chinese linguists and emphasized some certain differences in their classifications. The conducted study shows that the phenomenon of euphemism exists in all nations of the world and refers to the same origin but differs in the methods of the research and therefore in the ways of forming certain lexical units.
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Long, Deyin. "The Cognitive Prominence of Euphemism Production: A Perspective of the Embodied-Cognitive Approach." International Journal of English Linguistics 10, no. 6 (September 26, 2020): 279. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijel.v10n6p279.
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The previous research on euphemism is mainly conducted from the perspectives of traditional linguistics, sociolinguistics, pragmatics, cognitive linguistics, and the philosophy of mind, but few studies focus on the cognitive prominence of euphemism production from the perspective of the embodied-cognitive approach. This paper takes the euphemisms in English literary works as the corpora and explores the cognitive prominence of euphemism production from the perspective of the embodied-cognitive approach to reveal the production mechanism of euphemism. It is found that euphemism production highlights the linguistic subject’s embodied cognition of identity, causal implication, and supervenience with reality. The linguistic subject’s embodied cognition of identity with reality explains that euphemism is in place of the common expression to direct at an unpleasant or embarrassing thing or event in reality because euphemism is identical to common expression. The linguistic subject’s embodied cognition of causal implication with reality accounts for the fact that the interaction between the mental and the physical follows the principle of causal interaction. Common expression causally implicates euphemism and the causal implication between them is restricted by the specific context and the linguistic subject’s intentionality. The linguistic subject’s embodied cognition of supervenience with reality indicates that the consciousness of the linguistic subject towards the described thing or event supervenes globally on its physical property. Euphemism production is the result of the linguistic subject’s embodied cognition with reality. Cognitive prominence from the perspective of the embodied-cognitive approach has very strong explanatory power over the production mechanism of linguistic expressions.
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Barus, Jumat. "Types of Euphemism in Anies Baswedan’s Speech." ITQAN: Jurnal Ilmu-ilmu Kependidikan 13, no. 2 (December 31, 2022): 277–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.47766/itqan.v14i1.421.
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Euphemisms are often used in language activities to subtly convey sensitive information. Careful word choice allows one to avoid using vulgar or unpleasant language that may offend others. This study aims to explain the types of euphemisms used by Anies Baswedan in his statement after the announcement of his candidacy as Indonesia's presidential candidate in the 2024 election by the Nasdem Party. Allan and Burridge's framework in categorizing the types of euphemisms becomes the theoretical basis in this research. This research uses a qualitative approach with a content analysis method, by analyzing words, phrases, or sentences containing euphemism components found in Anies Baswedan's speech on 4 October 2022, sourced from metro.tempo.co. The analysis reveals four main types of euphemisms: 11 instances of metaphor (32.35%), 6 cases of one-for-one substitution (17.65%), 16 occurrences of circumlocution (47.06%), and 1 instance of figurative expression (2.94%). These forms of euphemism are used as alternative linguistic expressions, softening the language to prevent the use of sensitive or vulgar expressions that can offend others.
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Bulakh, Maya. "Actualization of information by euphemisms in legal texts." Actual issues of Ukrainian linguistics: theory and practice, no. 37 (2018): 53–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/apultp.2018.37.53-71.
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The paper focuses on the analysis of the euphemistic process in Ukrainian legal discourse. It is generally known that the reader is already accustomed to actively using euphemisms in political speeches, speeches by politicians and officials, where they become a part of manipulative tactics. The use of euphemisms in such texts is also relevant, since the specifics of its communication are excessive courtesy, mitigation of statements, and excessiveness of etiquette formulas. Moreover, the specificity of public broadcasting requires figurativeness, which is reflected both in the mitigation of the expression and in the deliberate exaggeration, roughness, that called dysphemization. The article aims to explore the euphemistic mechanisms in Ukrainian legal texts. To solve this problem this paper presents different approaches to the definition of the phenomenon of euphemism. The materials for the study were chosen texts of annual reports of Kyiv city state administration for 2015-2017 years and Strategy of Kyiv development till 2025. This material allows us to investigate the functions of euphemistic means in the texts of official legal documents, which the main implicit function is the ideological impact on citizens. Focusing on positive achievements in the report, at the same time, it is necessary to reflect the existing actual state of affairs. Euphemisms allow speaker to do, as much as possible, soften the statement, conceal the negative effects of action. However, traditionally hidden things such as social inequality, poverty, illness, age restrictions etc. are veiled. It will be shown that this is obligatory and typical characteristic of political discourse. The author points out the motivation of creating euphemisms in the political discourse and communicative potential of euphemistic units. In particular, the following approaches are mentioned in the studies of the motivation of the creation of euphemisms: euphemism as part of the demobilization strategy and euphemism as a component of the method of emotional contamination, that is, the suggestive verbal technique used to create the mood desired by the audience. The author examines in detail various ways of euphemistic mechanisms due to its linguistic peculiarities, such as euphemisms as metaphorical nominations, euphemism-terms, euphemisms with a negative epithet, syntactic euphemistic substitutions, as well as a specific information delivery structure known as contrast-based manipulation and generalization.
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Yeremenko, Oleksandra, and Valentyn Lazebnyi. "EUPHEMISMS IN MODERN POLITICAL DISCOURSE (BASED ON MATERIALS FROM GERMAN MAGAZINES)." Advanced Linguistics, no. 11 (August 11, 2023): 89–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.20535/2617-5339.2023.11.277702.
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The article describes the use of euphemisms in political discourse on the material of modern German magazines. It is also noticeable the views of scientists on the definition of the term "political discourse" and "euphemism" for kraphemis ichnyami. After that, an analysis of the use of euphemisms in political speech in modern German ZMK was carried out. On the basis of this analysis, according to our observation, the main functions of the EMG were identified. The main themes of political euphemisms and the actual semantic processes of euphemism formation were also highlighted. The relevance of this lesson is obvious, especially for one person. This discourse is an integral part of political processes interwoven in society. The analysis of such political texts gives a better understanding of what politics brings to society's information, which language is loaded in order to hide information or manipulate the population.
We foresee the prospect of scientific research in the further structural analysis of the formation of euphemisms.
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Logvina, Svetlana A. "Euphemism: Prosodic Organization of Conceptual Components." RUDN Journal of Language Studies, Semiotics and Semantics 11, no. 4 (December 15, 2020): 716–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2313-2299-2020-11-4-716-732.
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This article is devoted to the analysis of the formation of linguistic forms within the nominative process of euphemism. The psycholinguistic potential of euphemism forms a complex phenomenon with figurative, verbal, non-verbal, as well as silence components, has a peculiar intonational-prosodic design, which marks euphemisms in oral speech and, as a result, affects the level of priority of the information used in the communicative act. The study was based on semi-synthetic statements, elements of a euphemistic nature, namely euphemisms-automatisms. Selected monologic statements taken from interviews were analyzed with an emphasis on prosodic characteristics such as rhythmic utterances and pauses before and after euphemism-automatism. Audio and acoustic analysis allows us to conclude that in the formation of a euphemistic utterance, dramatization is of decisive importance as a subjective psycholinguistic factor. Increasing dramatization contributes to the growth of rhythmic tension and the distribution of stress. The rhythmic pattern of euphemistic utterances has a steady and consistent design. Pause is used to enhance the significance of the basic denotative meaning; however, this process does not differ in regularity and depends on what happens by internal and internal factors. The pause before correlates with the volume of the individuals cognitive efforts spent on creating the euphemism-automatism. The pause after , according to the author, offers compensation for the lexical primitiveness and is designed to enhance the euphemistic pragmatic effect with the help of extralinguistic components. This indicates that in cases where the euphemistic pragmatic potential is not provided due to the lexical component, it is compensated by means of prosodic labeling. Summing up, the author provides that the construction of an unambiguous unified algorithm for the phonetic design of euphemisms-automatisms in speech is not possible.
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Maxamadsoli Qizi, Dexqonboy Nabirasi Omongul. "THE USE OF POLITICAL EUPHEMISMS IN ENGLISH AND UZBEK LANGUAGES." International Journal of Advance Scientific Research 02, no. 12 (December 1, 2022): 53–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/ijasr-02-12-08.
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The article is devoted to the consideration of phraseological units-euphemisms related to the phraseological-semantic group of the socio-political sphere. The study of several euphemism dictionaries and selected material indicates that the appearance of a significant part of the units of this group is associated with the peculiarities of the political and social development of English-speaking countries, as well as other European countries. Concluded that it is the euphemistic function that is most suitable for veiling and hiding from the general public unsightly political and military actions nominated with the help of euphemism phraseological units. The purpose of this article is to identify the most effective and common forms of political euphemisms, as well as the specific features of terminological changes.
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Fira Andarina Zaharnika, R., and Nazirun Nazirun. "Eufemisme dalam Wacana Berita Online Riau Pos.com." J-LELC: Journal of Language Education, Linguistics, and Culture 3, no. 1 (February 18, 2023): 63–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.25299/j-lelc.2023.12095.
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The use of good and correct language can be done by avoiding the use of impolite language. This is done so that the words spoken do not offend others. For this reason, the problem in this study is how is the form of euphemism in discourse in online news riau pos.com? This term is called euphemism. Refinement of the meaning of words is a common phenomenon in society. The research method used by the author is descriptive (to describe or describe existing phenomena). Data collection techniques are documentation techniques and hermeneutic techniques. Data analysis techniques used are collection, grouping based on groups, presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of the research data in this writing are that the most forms of euphemisms in discourse in the Riau Pos.com newspaper are euphemisms using abbreviations, namely 10, euphemisms for using foreign terms as many as 7, metaphorical euphemisms as many as 11. So it can be concluded that euphemisms avoid meaning ambiguous. Loudness is often found, because the media uses euphemisms for things that are more polite to convey and also avoid things that are not desirable.
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Kafi, Lutvia Nurul, and Agwin Degaf. "EUPHEMISM AND DYSPHEMISM STRATEGIES IN DONALD TRUMP’S SPEECH AT SOTU 2020." International Journal of Humanity Studies (IJHS) 4, no. 2 (March 29, 2021): 194–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.24071/ijhs.v4i2.3205.
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In this article, the researchers aim to explain the types and functions of the use of expressions of euphemism and dysphemism in President Donald Trump's speeches at the State of the Union Address 2020. With Donald Trump's controversial background and many of his statements attracting attention, researchers assume that Trump uses many expressions of euphemism and dysphemism in his speech. This study uses Allan's and Burridge's (1991) theoretical framework on euphemism and dysphemism as the base for data analysis. This study's data were taken from Trump's utterances in his speech. This study uses a qualitative descriptive research method to carry out in-depth analysis. The results of this study indicate that there are eight types of euphemistic expressions, five types of dysphemism, eight functions of euphemisms, and six functions of dysphemism.
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Jaganegara, Haidar, and I. Dewa Putu Wijana. "Euphemistic Expression in Indonesian Obituaries." Deskripsi Bahasa 6, no. 1 (March 21, 2023): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/db.v6i1.5937.
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Euphemisms are common in obituaries because a written announcement of someone's death has a touchy topic. In the case of obituaries, people mostly use feelings to avoid using hurtful words to give good effect to society in conveying or announcing someone's death in an effort to minimize any negative societal impact. Thus, the study aims to analyze the euphemism expression in written data obtained from the Indonesian obituaries and take into account the types and functions. The research data in this study consists of the euphemism expression; words, phrases, and clauses in Tempo (January–July 2021), Detik.com, and Kompas (July–December 2021) online obituaries. The qualitative method was used and descriptive tables including frequencies and percentages were shown. As a result, in Indonesian obituaries, the following euphemism expressions were found in the types: (1) metaphor (14.34%), (2) one-for-one substitution (34.73%), (3) abbreviation (1.80%), (4) acronym (1.20%), (5) using pronoun (7.78%), (6) general for specific (1.20%), (7) circumlocution (6.58%), (8) hyperbole (8.98%), (9) understatement (3.60%), and (10) borrowing (19.76%). The highest frequency of the euphemism types is one-for-one substitution. It is found in 58 instances out of 167 of the total data, or 34.73%. Thus, it is concluded that Indonesian obituaries often replace the term related to the death, which has a hurtful connotation with the softer expression that has relationships in its meaning component. In addition, euphemisms also served a number of functions in Indonesian obituaries, including (1) the protective (12.57%), (2) the underhand (36.52%), (3) the uplift (5.98%), (4) the provocative (33.55%), (5) the cohesive (9.58%), and (6) the ludic (1.80%). The euphemism function of the underhand is dominated in the findings with 61 instances or 36.52%, so it conveys that Indonesian obituaries often blur the sensitiveness by not using the direct term.
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Nusri, Try Putera, and Zia Hisni Mubarak. "TYPES OF EUPHEMISM USED IN THE HEADLINE NEWS BY TEMPO.CO 2022." JURNAL BASIS 9, no. 2 (October 22, 2022): 257–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.33884/basisupb.v9i2.6118.
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Euphemism can be said as a style of language that becomes a better communication tool and avoids important actions or things that are sensitive. The use of euphemisms is used in communication to provide information or messages that usually contain taboos that are meaningful in words, phrases or sentences that contain euphemistic expressions. This study aimed to provide an insight into the strategy of using euphemisms in order to prioritize politeness when speaking in a general context or situation so that it can be understood by the entire community The data is taken from news headlines tempo.co from March to July 2022. In this study, researchers analyzed the euphemisms that emerged from news headlines Tempo.co. Usually euphemisms are things that often appear in news media, advertising media, and also on social media which are currently widely used by people and youth. The researcher focused on classifying euphemisms based on their types, namely positive and negative euphemisms and then analyzes the meaning behind euphemisms in the Tempo.co headlines. The researcher made this research using the euphemism theory of Allan & Burridge (2020). The researcher used a qualitative descriptive method to describe euphemisms. In the results of this study, the researcher found 15 data which contained types of euphemisms based on their type such as analogy and distortion of euphemisms based on their type.
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Masykur, Muhammad Zakki. "Penghalusan Kata; Linguistik Modern dan Penerapannya dalam Pendidikan Bahasa Arab." Tafáqquh: Jurnal Penelitian Dan Kajian Keislaman 2, no. 1 (June 1, 2014): 45–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.52431/tafaqquh.v2i1.19.
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Euphemism is A word or figure of speech that makes something look prettier than it is. A euphemism is a generally innocuous word or expression used in place of one that may be found offensive or suggest something unpleasant. Some euphemisms are intended to amuse; while others use bland, inoffensive, and often misleading terms for things the user wishes to dissimulate or downplay. Euphemisms are used for dissimulation, to refer totaboo topics in a polite way, and to mask profanity. Euphemisms may be used to avoid words considered rude, while still conveying their meaning; words may be replaced by similar-sounding words, gentler words, or placeholders. Some euphemisms have become accepted in certain societies for uncomfortable information; for example, in many English speaking countries, a doctor is likely to say ‘the patient passed away’ rather than the patient died. A second example relating uncomfortable information and concealing some degree of truth would be ‘we put the dog to sleep’ rather than we killed the dog. Euphemisms can be used to downplay or conceal unpalatable facts, such as collateral damage for civilian casualties in a military context, or redacted for censored
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Nisa, Sabila Auliatun, Eline Rozaliya Winarto, and Susilawati Susilawati. "AN ANALYSIS OF STUDENTS’ INDONESIAN-ENGLISH TRANSLATION OF DYSPHEMISM AND EUPHEMISM EXPRESSION ON ONLINE NEWS TEXT." National Conference on Language, Education, and Technology Proceeding 2, no. 1 (March 29, 2023): 110–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.32534/nacolet.v2i1.3424.
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The aim of this research is to find out the forms and meaning changes of dysphemism and euphemism expression on online news text used in Indonesian-English translation. This research is a qualitative descriptive study and document analysis used as the instrument. The participant in this research was nine students of 6th semester of English Education Department at Universitas Muhammadiyah Cirebon in the academic year of 2022/2023. Data collection was collected with documents students’ translation result in translating online news text. The results showed that five euphemisms were found, namely colloquial, jargon, understatement, hyperbole, circumlocution and one for one substitutions. Meanwhile, the forms of dysphemism found were IST dysphemism (racist) and Derogatory or Disrespectful Terms Invoking Contempt for the Character Intended. This research also shows that euphemism and dysphemism experienced meaning changes.
Keywords: dysphemism; euphemism; translation;
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Zvereva, Marianna Ivanovna. "Taboo. Political correctness. Euphemism. Correlation of concepts." Филология: научные исследования, no. 6 (June 2020): 52–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.7256/2454-0749.2020.6.33109.
Full textAbstract:
The inspiration source for writing this article became the detected in scientific literature fusion of terms and concepts denoted by them. The object of this research is the concepts of “taboo”, “political correctness” and “euphemism”. The subjects is the key characteristics: functional and semantic peculiarities that allow correlating these concepts. The analysis captures the contamination of dictionary definitions, as well as examples from the texts of modern media. The author examines such aspects of the topic, as the general characteristics of taboo, political correctness and euphemism, their semantic structure and function. Special attention is given to interpretation, search of the meeting points, and demarcation of the notions. The scientific novelty lies in the fact that for the first time these concepts are being analyzed “in tandem”, and that taboo is viewed in relation to euphemism and political correctness as a linguistic phenomenon (word-taboo) and non-linguistic phenomenon (rule-taboo). The main conclusions consist in the following: firstly, reasoned confirmation of the diversity of the concepts of taboo, political correctness and euphemism; secondly, correlation between the word-taboo and euphemism as the “replaced” and “replacing”; and thirdly, the determination that rule-taboo and political correctness are two powerful boosts for creation and utilization of euphemisms.
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Prasetyo, Hendra. "Euphemism in Oral Dialect Speech Ngeto-Ngete District Suralaga." International Journal of Linguistics, Literature and Culture 3, no. 1 (January 27, 2017): 52. http://dx.doi.org/10.21744/ijllc.v3i1.364.
Full textAbstract:
Language and culture in the community are the two things that can not be separated. The language used in a particular speech community values shaped by cultural norms that they profess. There are several words taboo in the culture of a society which then allows the emergence of a new term that is more refined for use. Smoothing of taboo language was then known by euphemisms. Euphemism is a symptom of language by using a more subtle expression to replace the phrase which is considered rude. It intentionally or not intended to cover the actual reality or as a form of homage to partners said. The method used is descriptive qualitative data collection techniques using methods refer to and capable. The research results obtained is a form of euphemism often used in oral speech Sasak dialect ngeto-ngete District of Suralaga use of varied forms, the forms of figurative expression, a metaphor, a word to replace one word to another, and circumlocutions form. Meaning euphemism spoken form is based on the context of the speech uttered. Function euphemisms that often arise in the Sasak dialects spoken utterances ngeto-ngete District of Suralaga is functioned as a means of smoothing the speech, confidentiality, and diplomacy.
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Hu, Yuxue, Junsong Li, Mingmin Wu, Zhongqiang Huang, Gang Chen, and Ying Sha. "Uncovering and Mitigating the Hidden Chasm: A Study on the Text-Text Domain Gap in Euphemism Identification." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 38, no. 16 (March 24, 2024): 18270–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v38i16.29786.
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Euphemisms are commonly used on social media and darknet marketplaces to evade platform regulations by masking their true meanings with innocent ones. For instance, “weed” is used instead of “marijuana” for illicit transactions. Thus, euphemism identification, i.e., mapping a given euphemism (“weed”) to its specific target word (“marijuana”), is essential for improving content moderation and combating underground markets. Existing methods employ self-supervised schemes to automatically construct labeled training datasets for euphemism identification. However, they overlook the text-text domain gap caused by the discrepancy between the constructed training data and the test data, leading to performance deterioration. In this paper, we present the text-text domain gap and explain how it forms in terms of the data distribution and the cone effect. Moreover, to bridge this gap, we introduce a feature alignment network (FA-Net), which can both align the in-domain and cross-domain features, thus mitigating the domain gap from training data to test data and improving the performance of the base models for euphemism identification. We apply this FA-Net to the base models, obtaining markedly better results, and creating a state-of-the-art model which beats the large language models.
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BAĞIROVA, M. A. "SOSİAL MEDİA REKLAMLARINDA EVFEMİZMLƏRİN FUNKSİONAL XÜSUSİYYƏTLƏRİ." Actual problems of study of humanities 2024, no. 1 (April 14, 2024): 5–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.62021/0026-0028.2024.1.
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The Functional Characteristics of Euphemisms in Sosial Media Advertisements The study describes the functions of euphemistic units used in English commercial and social advertising. Euphemism in social media is used as a refinement of words in new forms of words, phrases and sentences of meanings that tend to be negative and harsh. Recently, the world has paid great consideration to the sosial media in many fields of life. Due to this consideration, the need for euphemistic expressions becomes one of the most important matters in many fields, especially in advertising. The author highlights that euphemisms are a big part of both social and commercial advertising, although they do carry different messages. When used in commercial ads, euphemisation is largely a tool allowing to describe a product vividly and catchy while at the same time observing etiquette rules. When used in social ads, on the other hand, euphemisms help unveil some problematic social issues of public importance and make people reflect on them. Key words: Social advertising, commercial advertising, euphemism, Mass Media, manipulation
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BAĞIROVA, M. A. "SOSİAL MEDİA REKLAMLARINDA EVFEMİZMLƏRİN FUNKSİONAL XÜSUSİYYƏTLƏRİ." Actual Problems of study of humanities 1, no. 2024 (April 15, 2024): 5–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.62021/0026-0028.2024.1.005.
Full textAbstract:
The Functional Characteristics of Euphemisms in Sosial Media Advertisements Summary The study describes the functions of euphemistic units used in English commercial and social advertising. Euphemism in social media is used as a refinement of words in new forms of words, phrases and sentences of meanings that tend to be negative and harsh. Recently, the world has paid great consideration to the sosial media in many fields of life. Due to this consideration, the need for euphemistic expressions becomes one of the most important matters in many fields, especially in advertising. The author highlights that euphemisms are a big part of both social and commercial advertising, although they do carry different messages. When used in commercial ads, euphemisation is largely a tool allowing to describe a product vividly and catchy while at the same time observing etiquette rules. When used in social ads, on the other hand, euphemisms help unveil some problematic social issues of public importance and make people reflect on them. Key words: Social advertising, commercial advertising, euphemism, Mass Media, manipulation
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Shokirovna, Shirinova Mekhrigiyo. "USE OF TABOO AND EUPHEMISMS IN THE LANGUAGE OF UZBEK CINEMA FILMS OF THE INDEPENDENCE PERIOD." International Journal Of Literature And Languages 03, no. 03 (March 1, 2023): 59–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/ijll/volume03issue03-11.
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In the article, the normative and non-normative cases of taboos and euphemisms found in the language of Uzbek films of the period of independence are studied from an orthologous aspect. The concepts of taboo and euphemism are explained and researches related to these concepts are listed. Euphemisms found in the language of movies are selected and divided into spiritual groups, and the role and importance of taboos and euphemisms in the language of movies is revealed.
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Qian, Xiaohong. "A Tentative Study on English Euphemism." Journal of Contemporary Educational Research 4, no. 2 (February 19, 2020): 9–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.26689/jcer.v4i2.1010.
Full textAbstract:
The word “euphemism” comes from the Greek, eu--means “good”, and –pheme-, “speech” or “saying”, and together it means literally “to speak with good words or in a pleasant manner”. Euphemism, as a cultural phenomenon as well as a linguistic concept, has attracted people’s attention for a long time. It has long been a topic of much interest. In every society there are certain things that are supposed to be unspeakable. Many words make someone embarrassed, unhappy, dislike or fear when used in communication. If we express the meaning directly, we will make such impression which is vulgar, frivolous, and impolite. In order to avoid the embarrassment or ease the sting of harsh words, man has created euphemisms.