Journal articles: 'Euphrates River Valley'

1

Russell, H. F. "The Historical Geography of the Euphrates and Habur According to the Middle- and Neo-Assyrian Sources." Iraq 47 (1985): 57–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021088900006744.

Full text

Abstract:

The importance of control of the valleys of the Habur and Euphrates rivers to the Assyrians can hardly be over-estimated. The two river valleys are major routes from N. Syria and S.E. Turkey to southern Assyria and to Babylonia.In the Neo-Assyrian period, control of the valley of the River Habur was won early, as the Assyrian armies marched westwards across N. Mesopotamia. Control of the Euphrates, between the confluence of the Habur and the Babylonian border, followed soon after.We are particularly well-informed about the geography of the Habur and the Euphrates, below the confluence with the Habur, during the reigns of Adad-nerari II, Tukulti-Ninurta II and Aššurnaṣirpal II. Texts from the reigns of these three kings describe campaigns along the banks of these rivers and list each night's halting-place. These are usually described as “itineraries”. (Such texts are exceptionally rare from ancient Mesopotamia. Besides these three passages in the Assyrian annals, only two other lengthy, well-preserved itineraries in cuneiform have come down to us.) 2 Other, conventional passages from the Annals of Aššurnaṣirpal II are a valuable supplement to these texts.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

Dornemann, Rudolph H. "Salvage Excavations at Tell Hadidi in the Euphrates River Valley." Biblical Archaeologist 48, no. 1 (March 1985): 49–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3209947.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

3

Ökse, A. Tuba. "Ancient mountain routes connecting central Anatolia to the upper Euphrates region." Anatolian Studies 57 (December 2007): 35–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0066154600008486.

Full text

Abstract:

AbstractField surveys carried out within the upper Kızılırmak region have shown that the natural route-ways passing through the area have connected central Anatolia to eastern Anatolia throughout the ages. The route from north-central Anatolia reaches the Kızılırmak river by passing through the plains of Çekerek, Yıldızeli and Yıldız. The Kızılırmak river can be crossed on horseback where the road ends. A second route connects south-central Anatolia to Sivas by passing through the plains of Gemerek and Şarkışla, and leads to eastern Anatolia by passing through the Kızılırmak valley after Sivas. A third route reaches Altınyayla by passing through the Kızılırmak valley, the Şarkışla plain and reaches the plain of Malatya by travelling through a pass of the Kulmaç mountains running along the Balıklıtohma valley. A fourth route connects Sivas with Malatya via Taşlıdere, Ulaş, Kangal and Alacahan. Fieldwork has shown that these routes have been almost continuously used since the middle of the third millennium BC.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

4

Ali, Huda. "Euglenoids in Haqlan Springs and Euphrates River at Hadithah City, Western Iraq." Biological and Applied Environmental Research 5, no. 1 (January 15, 2021): 114–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.51304/baer.2021.5.1.114.

Full text

Abstract:

The present study aimed to investigate the species of euglenoid algae in the Euphrates river and Haqlan valley springs at Al-Anbar province, Western Iraq. Samples were collected in October 2019 from two sites in the study area. Some environmental parameters measured were water temperature, pH, electrical conductivity, salinity, sulphate, total hardness, total alkalinity, nitrate and phosphate. Fifty-four species of the euglenoids belonging to six genera were encountered, one belonged to Monomorphina, two belonged to Colacium, 19 to Euglena, 10 to Trachelomonas, seven to Lepocinclis and 15 to Phacus. Thirteen species were new records in Iraq. Ten species were recorded in two sites. Most of the euglenoids found in this study occurred in Haqlan springs and were represented by 40 species in comparison to 24 species in the Euphrates river.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

5

Porter, Anne. "Communities in Conflict: Death and the Contest for Social Order in the Euphrates River Valley." Near Eastern Archaeology 65, no. 3 (September 2002): 156–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3210881.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

6

Braemer, Frank. "Edgar Peltenburg (dir.), Euphrates River Valley Settlement. The Carchemish Sector in the Third Millennium BC." Syria, no. 87 (November 1, 2010): 368–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/syria.748.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

7

Awan, Muhammad Yusuf, Faiqa Khilat, and Farah Jamil. "Role of Geography in Formation of Character of Civilizations Case Studies: Egypt, Mesopotamia, Indus Valley." Journal of Art Architecture and Built Environment 2, no. 2 (December 2019): 17–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.32350/jaabe.22.02.

Full text

Abstract:

When human race began its activities on Earth, it faced severe challenges of survival. The pursuit of basic necessities like food and shelter advanced them from hunting, to cultivation and food processing. The initiation of agriculture brought qualitative changes in the average human life, following the establishment of permanent settlements, cultures and civilizations. At the beginning of the age of tilling, settlers preferred locations which offered unrestrained water, fertile land and comfortable climate. Every location had its own geographical characteristics, which played a fundamental role in formation of the character and architecture of civilizations. The major early contemporary civilizations include the Egyptian, Mesopotamian and Indus Valley. The natural barren boundaries across the River Nile in Egypt enabled Pharaohs to form a strict slave system. The area accommodating two ancient rivers; Tigris and Euphrates, resulted in a settlement now known as the Mesopotamian civilization. The five rivers of Punjab and Ganges River provided people of the Indus Valley with a large piece of very fertile land. They cultivated land from Himalayan peaks in the north to the Arabian Sea in the south, expanding their civilization and architecture vastly. This paper studies these three civilizations, with reference to their geography, highlighting its effects on the development pattern and architecture. The research will give the apparent picture of how the geography effects the overall growth of civilizations, and also the similarities and dissimilarities from one location to the other.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

8

Katipoğlu, Okan Mert, and İbrahim Can. "Determining the lengths of dry periods in annual and monthly stream flows using runs analysis at Karasu River, in Turkey." Water Supply 18, no. 4 (October 10, 2017): 1329–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2017.203.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract Drought analysis is a vital component of water resources planning and management for dam and hydroelectric power plant (HPP) construction, reservoir operation and flood control. In this study, stochastic models were developed to estimate the monthly and annual flows of the Karasu River in the upper section of the Euphrates River valley. A time series model of flows was established based on the Box–Jenkins methodology. An autoregressive (AR) model was selected as the most suitable model. One hundred synthetic series, having the same length as the historical series (40 years), were produced using the AR model. It was also possible to control whether or not the generated time series maintained the statistical characteristics (mean and standard deviation) of the historical time series. After applying specified threshold levels (q = 0.5; q = 0.3; q = 0.1), the historic and synthetic flow series were subjected to runs analysis. Dry period lengths (run sum and run length) of historic and synthetic flow series were determined. Future droughts are estimated using maximum dry period lengths.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

9

Ur, Jason. "Euphrates River Valley Settlement: The Carchemish Sector in the Third Millennium BC, Levant Supplementary Series, Volume 5. Edited by Edgar Peltenburg." Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research 359 (August 2010): 77–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/basor25741830.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

10

Nicolle, Christophe. "Paola Sconzo, Pottery and Potmarks at an Early Urban Settlement of the Middle Euphrates River Valley, Syria. Final Reports of the Syrian-German Excavations at Tell el ‘Abd II." Syria, no. 91 (June 1, 2014): 464–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/syria.2334.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

11

Al- Saedi, Zeyad Jameel, and Mustafa Rashead Al-Obaidi. "Morphotectonic Analysis of Euphrates River Basin/ Iraq." JOURNAL OF UNIVERSITY OF BABYLON for Pure and Applied Sciences 26, no. 8 (October 15, 2018): 217–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.29196/jubpas.v26i8.1690.

Full text

Abstract:

Morphological and morphotectonic analysis have been used to obtain information that influences basis. The study area includes the Euphrates river basin in Iraq. Tectonically this area within a Stable shelf, The Stable Shelf which covers the vast majority of the focal south and west of Iraq reaches out into Syria and Jordan and Southwards into Kuwait and Saudi Arabia. It is separated in Iraq into three considerable structural zones. Discrimination of morphotectonic indices of Euphrates basin by using sevenindices. The Euphrates basin (main basin) was divided into four sub-basin (s.b) Wadi Horan, Wadi Ubaiyidh, Shuab Hwaimy, and Shuab Qusair. Which has been completed for each drainage basin utilizing remote sensing and GIS techniques? So as to identify the tectonic activity, different indices including Drainage density (D), Sinuosity index (S), Hypsometric integral (HI), Drainage basin asymmetry (AF), Basin Shape (BS), Transverse Topographic Symmetry (T) and Active tectonic index (Iat). The study demonstrates that the intensity of tectonic activities in different parts of the basin and sub-basins are different. The values of Drainage density (D) main basin and sub-basins are in high classes which mean that the study area has resultant of slight or impermeable subsurface material, little vegetation as well as a good discharge for water and sediments. The Sinuosity index (S) of all study area are sinuous and its semi-equilibrium. Hypsometric integral (HI) of Horan, Ubaiyidh and shuab Hwaimy sub-basins shows high values of HI which means high rates of geological erosion while the shuab Qusair and main basin shows moderate of erosion rates, HI high values shows that study area is tectonically uplifted. According to the calculation of Drainage basin asymmetry (AF) the study area reflects inactive tectonic activity. The Basin Shape (BS) all of the basins are in third class and it reflects inactive tectonic activity. After computing Transverse Topographic Symmetry (T) index in the area of investigate, the outcome demonstrate that all the subbasins lie in low active tectonics except wadi Horan and the main basin was moderate active tectonics. Based on an Active tectonic index (Iat) all the basins were moderate active tectonics except Horan subbasin is active tectonically. These basins have evolved as a result of plate movements, subsidence, uplift and various erosional processes. The study shows the variable relationship between faulting and valleys but most of the trends of faults are subparallel to the Euphrates River. Faults orientations in the study area are parallel to NE-SW direction and NW-SE direction. And also the type of drainage network in the study area which is varied from dendritic to parallel with SW-NE trending and its indicate that study area may be structurally controlled.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

12

Liu, Xinyi, Harriet V. Hunt, and Martin K. Jones. "River valleys and foothills: changing archaeological perceptions of North China's earliest farms." Antiquity 83, no. 319 (March 1, 2009): 82–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003598x00098100.

Full text

Abstract:

AbstractEarly farming in northern China featured the cultivation of two species of millet, broomcorn and foxtail. Although previously seen as focused on the Yellow River, the authors show that the earliest agriculture is actually found in the foothills of the neighbouring mountain chains, where drier and better drained locations suited millet cultivation, particularly broomcorn. In this they echo new thoughts on the locale of early agriculture in south-west Asia, on the hilly flanks of the Fertile Crescent rather than in the valleys of the Nile or the Euphrates.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

13

Meyer, Jan-Walke. "Sconzo, Paola:Pottery and Potmarks at an Early Urban Settlement of the Middle Euphrates River Valley, Syria.Final Reports of the Syrian-German Excavations at Tell el-‘Abd. Vol. II, herausgegeben von Uwe Finkbeiner. Münster: Ugarit-Verlag 2013. XXVIII, 436 S. 227 Pl. 4° = Altertumskunde des Vorderen Orients 16/2. Hartbd. € 198,00. ISBN 978-3-86835-092-0." Orientalistische Literaturzeitung 114, no. 2 (July 1, 2019): 130–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/olzg-2019-0041.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

14

Jish Prakash, P., G. Stenchikov, S. Kalenderski, S. Osipov, and H. Bangalath. "The impact of dust storms on the Arabian Peninsula and the Red Sea." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 14, no. 13 (July 22, 2014): 19181–245. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-14-19181-2014.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract. Located in the dust belt, the Arabian Peninsula is a major source of atmospheric dust. Frequent dust outbreaks and some 15 to 20 dust storms per year have profound effects on all aspects of human activity and natural processes in this region. To quantify the effect of severe dust events on radiation fluxes and regional climate characteristics, we simulated the storm that occurred on 18–20 March 2012 using a regional weather research forecast model fully coupled with the chemistry/aerosol module (WRF-Chem). This storm swept over a remarkably large area affecting the entire Middle East, North-Eastern Africa, Afghanistan and Pakistan. It was caused by a southward propagating cold front and associated winds activated the dust production in river valleys of the lower Tigris and Euphrates in Iraq, the coastal areas in Kuwait, Iran, and the United Arab Emirates, Rub al Khali, An Nafud and Ad Dahna deserts, and along the Red Sea coast on the west side of the Arabian Peninsula. Our simulation results compare well with available ground-based and satellite observations. The total amount of dust generated by the storm reached 93.76 Mt. About 80% of this amount deposited within the calculation domain. The Arabian Sea and Persian Gulf received 5.3 Mt, and the Red Sea 1.2 Mt. Dust particles bring nutrients to marine ecosystems, which is especially important for the oligothrophic Northern Red Sea. However, their contribution to the nutrient balance in the Red Sea remains largely unknown. By scaling the effect of one storm to the number of dust storms observed annually over the Red Sea, we roughly estimate the annual dust deposition to the Red Sea to be 6 Mt.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

15

Jish Prakash, P., G. Stenchikov, S. Kalenderski, S. Osipov, and H. Bangalath. "The impact of dust storms on the Arabian Peninsula and the Red Sea." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 15, no. 1 (January 12, 2015): 199–222. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-199-2015.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract. Located in the dust belt, the Arabian Peninsula is a major source of atmospheric dust. Frequent dust outbreaks and some 15 to 20 dust storms per year have profound effects on all aspects of human activity and natural processes in this region. To quantify the effect of severe dust events on radiation fluxes and regional climate characteristics, we simulated the storm that occurred from 18 to 20 March 2012 using a regional weather research forecast model fully coupled with the chemistry/aerosol module (WRF–Chem). This storm swept over a remarkably large area affecting the entire Middle East, northeastern Africa, Afghanistan, and Pakistan. It was caused by a southward propagating cold front, and the associated winds activated the dust production in river valleys of the lower Tigris and Euphrates in Iraq; the coastal areas in Kuwait, Iran, and the United Arab Emirates; the Rub al Khali, An Nafud, and Ad Dahna deserts; and along the Red Sea coast on the west side of the Arabian Peninsula. Our simulation results compare well with available ground-based and satellite observations. We estimate the total amount of dust generated by the storm to have reached 94 Mt. Approximately 78% of this dust was deposited within the calculation domain. The Arabian Sea and Persian Gulf received 5.3 Mt and the Red Sea 1.2 Mt of dust. Dust particles bring nutrients to marine ecosystems, which is especially important for the oligotrophic Northern Red Sea. However, their contribution to the nutrient balance in the Red Sea remains largely unknown. By scaling the effect of one storm to the number of dust storms observed annually over the Red Sea, we estimate the annual dust deposition to the Red Sea, associated with major dust storms, to be 6 Mt.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

16

Gharbi, Mushtaq. "GEOMETRIC PROPERTIES ANALYSIS OF GERAN VALLEY BASIN IN ALJAZEERA DISTRICT-ANBAR PROVINCE." Iraqi Journal of Desert Studies, December 30, 2020, 43–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.36531/ijds/20100205.

Full text

Abstract:

The basin of Gran valley is considered as one of dry valleys in Aljazeera district that belongs to Hit municipality 180 km west Baghdad. Area unit was conformed from some measured quantitative properties. Geomorphological and morphometric properties was used to construct data base relied on topographical maps, satellite image and DEM. Basin topography was studied. These landforms were parted into topological, erosional, sedimentary and carstic origins forms. Furthermore, morphometric properties represented the relationships among factors, corrosion processes and terrestrial phenomena such as area, forms, topography and aquatic drain net. Moreover, longitudinal, cross- sections and natural factors were associated. Results revealed that area of basin was 91.41 km2 which its water flew in Euphrates. The basin was very meandering semi-oval shape. Its river levels were 4 with 121 courses that possessed overall length of 149.7 km.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

17

GHAZARYAN, ROBERT. "THE SOUTH-EASTERN BORDER REGION OF THE HITTITE STATE." COUNTRIES AND PEOPLES OF THE NEAR AND MIDDLE EAST, 2016, 19–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.52837/18291422-2016.30-19.

Full text

Abstract:

Tegarama was one of the eastern lands of the Hittite Kingdom. In the geographic sense it is part of the Armenian Highland that is why its history is of special interest to us. Taking into account the fact that the Armenian people had considerable ethnic ties with the Upper Euphrates region, specialists have traditionally tended to identify “Home of Torgom” in the Trans Euphrates region together with the city Tegarama (Assyrian Til-Garimmu) mentioned from the 2nd millennium BC. “Home of Torgom” literally repeats Bet-Togarma mentioned in the Bible. The study of the history of the country of Tegarama is also important because in Armenian historiography, starting from Movses Khorenatsi, Armenian ancestor Hayk is called “Son of Torgom”, and the Armenian people - “People of Torgom”. Most of the researchers located Tegarama in the place of the present settlement Gyurun. By comparing the “Cappadocian”, Hittite and Assyrian sources, Tegarama can be located in the Upper Euphrates valley, on the right bank of the river, to the north of Kargamis, to the west of Isuwa, to the south of Upper Land and to the east of Kanes. The territory of Tegarama was not far from Nesa - one of the initial centers of the Hittites; and it was also one of the initial places of inhabitance of the Hittites. Tegarama also occupied a strategically important position. On the one hand it bordered on the country of Mitanni, on the other hand - on Isuwa. Thus, the country of Tegarama occupied a significant geographic position: on the one hand roads led from here to other western districts of the Armenian Highland, to Tsopk, and on the other hand - to Northern Syria and Northern Mesopotamia. It was also one of the spiritual centers of Hatti.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

18

Al-Ansari, Nadhir. "Water Resources of Iraq." Journal of Earth Sciences and Geotechnical Engineering, November 15, 2020, 15–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.47260/jesge/1122.

Full text

Abstract:

Iraq relies in its water resources on the water of the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers and their tributaries. The long-term average annual flow of the Euphrates River was 30 BCM while it is 21.2 BCM for the River Tigris. The tributaries of the Tigris River contribute about 24.78 BCM and in addition, there are side valleys from the eastern border that contributes at least 7 BCM. The flow of these rivers decreased for since the seventies due to the hydrological projects built in riparian countries and climate change. Now, the discharge of the Tigris River and its tributaries at Baghdad is about 16 BCM while it is about 4.4 BCM in the Euphrates. Keywords: Tigris, Euphrates, Tributaries, Shat al Arab, Iraq.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

19

Aitken, Leslie. "A Boy Asked the Wind by B. Nickel." Deakin Review of Children's Literature 7, no. 4 (May 25, 2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.20361/dr29342.

Full text

Abstract:

Nickel, Barbara. A Boy Asked The Wind. Illustrated by Gillian Newland. Red Deer Press, 2015.Not every publication in “picture book” format is written for preschool and primary school children. Barbara Nickel’s poetic conception of the voices of the wind would appeal to a wide range of older students. Her text is based on the scientific realities of the North American Chinook, the Central American Papagayo, the South African Cape Doctor, the Middle Eastern Shamal, and the worldwide zephyr. She writes in free verse, using variation of line length and cadence for emphasis. In stanzas replete with onomatopoeia, with the rush and repetition of words and sounds, she creates the liveliness that ensues when Papagayo meets the Pacific Coast. ... the boy followed the warm down swirling, cold upflowing, seething, rolling, swelling, howling paths Papagayo stirred… ...wish, swash---fish ate fish ate fish ate fish ate fish ate fish ate fish ate fish… In writing of the Shamal as it sweeps through the Tigris and Euphrates river valley, she focuses on the symbols of warfare: Blinded by dust, the boy could only hear: a blast and clashing swords, a bomb, fist on jaw, and spears clashing for thousands of years,... Shamal said, “I’m hit each time they fire through me, the moving air. I hurt, I hear a boy your age crying in fear for his soldier father gone. Here, the illustrator, Gillian Newland, chooses to reveal the modern reality of the valley: armoured trucks and tanks move through city streets; soldiers with helmets and assault rifles battle in a windswept desert; a helicopter hovers in the dusty skies. The text, of course, alludes to the area’s ancient history as well as its more recent crises. Thus, it becomes the Shamal, the wind that links the past and present. Likewise, throughout the book, the voices of the winds link the artistic visions of author and illustrator.Newland’s ability to depict any kind of landscape—urban, mountain, prairie, oceanic, or desert is astonishing. Her illustrations feature realistic perspective. Working in watercolour, ink, and pencil, she can create the detail of a human face, or a panoramic view of a night sky—“stars upon stars.” Nothing is beyond her. Each illustrated page is exquisite, a work of art that would engage both children and adults.In sum, then, this is a book with intellectual, artistic, and literary depth. It demands a considerable level of sophistication on the part of the reader. Certainly, by high school—if not junior high—students should have the requisite intellectual maturity and educational background to appreciate its meaning. An obvious choice for use in a classroom setting, it would be, as well, a beautiful choice for home and public libraries.Highly Recommended: 4 out of 4 starsReviewer: Leslie AitkenLeslie Aitken’s long career in librarianship involved selection of children’s literature for school, public, special, and university collections. She is a former Curriculum Librarian at the University of Alberta.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

20

Dogancay, Sungur. "STRUGGLE FOR INFLUENCE OF THE GREAT POWERS AT THE EUPHRATES AND THE TIGRIS RIVERS VALLEY IN THE 19TH CENTURY." VAKANÜVİS - ULUSLARARASI TARİH ARAŞTIRMALARI DERGİSİ, September 10, 2016, 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.24186/vakanuvis.256909.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Journal articles on the topic 'Euphrates River Valley'

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles