Relevant bibliographies by topics / Europe, commercial policy

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Europe, commercial policy'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 27 July 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Europe, commercial policy"

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Ó'CLÉIREAĊÁAIN, SÉAMUS. "Europe 1992 and Gaps in the EC's Common Commercial Policy." JCMS: Journal of Common Market Studies 28, no. 3 (1990): 201–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-5965.1990.tb00364.x.

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Miodraga, Stefanovska. "The Lisbon Treaty and EU External Trade Policy: Should Western Balkan Countries Take It into Consideration?" AICEI Proceedings 5, no. 1 (2010): 115–33. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4524613.

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<em>The Treaty </em>of <em>Lisbon (ToL) is the EU&#39;s new legal framework. With its coming into force on December 1 2009, the way was paved towards a renewed EU institutional agenda and institutional and substantive changes in the status quo of external trade and investment policies. In this regard, two major questions arise: (1) The extension of the common commercial policy to FDI raises the question of whether the Lisbon Treaty intends to give the EU the exclusive competence to negotiate and conclude investment agreements which in turn may result in serious implications for the investment
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Cooper, Richard N., Patrick A. Messerlin, and Michelle P. Egan. "Measuring the Costs of Protection in Europe: European Commercial Policy in the 2000s." Foreign Affairs 81, no. 2 (2002): 179. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/20033099.

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Hai, Ou. "Global Aerospace Patent Policy Analysis." Economics and Management Innovation 2, no. 1 (2025): 35–43. https://doi.org/10.71222/kekvkm63.

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This study explores global aerospace patent trends, examining the impact of national policies, corporate strategies, and cultural contexts on innovation in the aerospace sector. By analyzing patent data, particularly under the B64G classification for space vehicles, the research identifies global and regional innovation trends, evaluates technological outcomes, and discusses policy measures influencing industrialization and competitiveness in key markets. The report focuses on the aerospace sectors of Europe, China, and the United States, highlighting their distinct approaches to promoting tec
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Trachtenberg, Marc. "De Gaulle, Moravcsik, and Europe." Journal of Cold War Studies 2, no. 3 (2000): 101–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/15203970051032255.

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The responses to Andrew Moravcsik's article discuss the main substantive and methodological points raised in it. Although most of the respondents agree that Moravcsik has properly highlighted the importance of commercial concerns for de Gaulle's policy on European integration, they question the validity of his sharp separation between de Gaulle's political and economic goals for France. Several commentators argue that political and commercial concerns (including agricultural concerns) were closely intertwined in de Gaulle's vision of French grandeur. John Keeler brings up another crucial quest
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Beale, Alison. "Development and ‘Désétatisation’ in European Cultural Policy." Media International Australia 90, no. 1 (1999): 91–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1329878x9909000111.

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An analysis of European cultural policy supports the argument that the European Union (EU) is first and foremost an economic union. This paper traces two policy styles in European cultural policy: one oriented to deregulation and privatisation; the other concentrating on social development. It argues that the creation of de facto cultural policy by the European Commission in its audiovisual policy is an important indicator of the direction of EU cultural policy. The paper examines some of the implications for national cultural sovereignty of both audiovisual policy and the move to deregulation
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Lamprinos, Ilias, Nikos Hatziargyriou, Isidoros Kokos, and Aris Dimeas. "Making Demand Response a Reality in Europe: Policy, Regulations, and Deployment Status." IEEE Communications Magazine 54, no. 12 (2016): 108–13. https://doi.org/10.1109/MCOM.2016.1600323CM.

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Power systems undergo massive operational and&nbsp;technological changes amid increasing demand for environmental&nbsp;sustainability and energy efficiency. The traditional, supplydriven approach, relying on large-scale generation plants, which&nbsp;has dominated old utilities, is reconsidered to incorporate the&nbsp;increased penetration of variable renewable energy sources,&nbsp;distributed generation and storage. Demand Response is an&nbsp;important instrument for improving energy efficiency, since it&nbsp;increases consumers&#39; engagement and provides a mechanism to&nbsp;reduce or shift
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Moravcsik, Andrew. "Beyond Grain and Grandeur: An Answer to Critics and an Agenda for Future Research." Journal of Cold War Studies 2, no. 3 (2000): 117–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/15203970051032264.

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Moravcsik's reply to the six commentaries deals with sources omitted from the original article, the use of evidence in his analysis of the Fouchet Plan and the “empty chair” crisis, and broader critiques of (and proposed alternatives to) the commercial interpretation of French policy on European integration during the presidency of Charles de Gaulle. Moravcsik concedes some of the points raised by the critics and offers a more qualified and nuanced restatement of his argument, but he sticks to his basic contention that “commercial interests were a dominant and sufficient motivation for French
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März, Julian W. "Challenges Posed by Transnational Commercial Surrogacy: The Jurisprudence of the European Court of Human Rights." European Journal of Health Law 28, no. 3 (2021): 263–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15718093-bja10045.

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Abstract There is little consensus between European States regarding the legal treatment of surrogacy in general and of transnational commercial surrogacy in particular. Against this background, the jurisprudence of the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) in this matter is of particular significance since it provides some common ground for the legal treatment of transnational commercial surrogacy in Europe. For this reason, the present paper will outline the development of the jurisprudence of the ECtHR on transnational commercial surrogacy, giving particular attention to the Mennesson and
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RĂDESCU, Octavian Dan. "EVOLUTION OF INTERNATIONAL TRADE IN ROMANIA BETWEEN 2016 - 2018 WITH FORECASTS FOR 2019-2021." Theoretical and Practical Research in the Economic Fields 9, no. 1 (2018): 103. http://dx.doi.org/10.14505/tpref.v9.1(17).11.

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In the introduction, the author focuses on a problem, in the past, present and future, eternal actually – globalization. Next, Romania's commercial policy is directed mainly towards the European Union, the largest economic bloc in Europe in 2017 compared to the 2016 or 2018 years, with forecasts for 2019-2021
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Europe, commercial policy"

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Batagelj, Leon. "Competition policy in countries of Central and Eastern Europe : competition in Europe or competition for Europe." Thesis, McGill University, 2002. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=81242.

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Competition policy is an important tool for assurance of the efficient allocation of resources in functioning market economies. Applicability of modern competition policy to situations in former planned economies, however, raises doubts because of fundamentally different states of competition in such markets. This study analyses development of competition policy in Poland, Hungary and the Czech Republic. Particular attention is given to the influence of the EU competition policy in the framework of negotiations for final membership in the EU.<br>This study proposes reassessment of the c
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Dobruszkes, Frédéric. "Géographie de la libéralisation du transport aérien passagers en Europe." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210715.

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De 1987 à 1997, le transport aérien intra-européen a connu un bouleversement institutionnel sans précé-dent avec sa libéralisation, c’est-à-dire le passage d’un environnement très régulé et contraint par les États à un environnement libéral. Au terme de ce processus, toute compagnie communautaire peut opérer n’importe quel vol intra-communautaire et les aides d’État sont interdites, obligeant les compagnies à être financière-ment rentables. La liberté d’accès au marché et l’impératif de rentabilité sont de nature à faire évoluer la géographie des réseaux et donc la desserte des ré-gions europé
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Mercado, Simon Anthony. "Trade policy and governance in the European Union : a new institutional approach to the study of commercial policy-making." Thesis, Nottingham Trent University, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.363327.

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LEAL, ARCAS Rafael. "Theory and practice of EC external trade law and policy." Doctoral thesis, European University Institute, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/13171.

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Defence date: 11 March 2008<br>Examining board: Prof. Bruno De Witte, European University Institute (Supervisor) ; Prof. Francesca Martines, Faculty of Economics, University of Pisa ; Prof. Petros C. Mavroidis, Columbia Law School, NY and University of Neuchâtel ; Prof. Ernst-Ulrich Petersmann, European University Institute<br>PDF of thesis uploaded from the Library digital archive of EUI PhD theses<br>Both the European Community (EC) and its Member States agree that it is in their best interest to coordinate their action vis-à-vis the rest of the world in international trade agreements. Theor
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Yi, Seong-Deog. "Legal aspects of the common commercial policy of the European Economic Community under the GATT regime." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.357376.

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MURACA, CHIARA. "Prospects for integrating Environmental and Sustainability Goals with European Competition Law and Policy. A focus on Article 101 TFEU." Doctoral thesis, Università Bocconi, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11565/4039516.

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No abstract available<br>Sustainable development and the fight against climate change represent a top priority both for European institutions and most Member States. With the Communication on “The European Green Deal” released in December 2019, the European Commission identified the response to the ecological crisis and the promotion of a green transition as its new defining mission. Many believe that to achieve these challenging objectives, more robust integration of sustainability concerns into all the Union's policies and activities is required. Moreover, the urgency and complexity of most
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Lalone, Nathaniel Wright. "Reforming the common commercial policy at the Treaty of Nice : an historical-institutionalist analysis of European integration." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.614267.

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Papandropoulos, Sylvie-Pénélope. "Issues in european competition policy: lobbying, reputation and R&D co-operation." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/211988.

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Guei, Kore Marc Antoine. "Revenue, welfare and trade effects of EU FTA on South Africa." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/6137.

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The study used the partial equilibrium WITS-SMART Simulation Model to assess the impact of liberalization under the Trade Development and Cooperation Agreement (TDCA) of a free trade area between the EU and South Africa. The findings of the study reveal that total trade effects in South Africa are likely to surge by US$ 1.036 billion with a total welfare valued at US$ 134 million. Dismantling tariffs on all EU goods would be beneficial to consumers through net trade creation. Total trade creation would be US$ 782 million. However, South African producers are likely to contribute a trade divers
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MARGETA, Karol. "Common Commercial Policy of the European Union: Legal Position and Effects of the WTO Agreement within the Legal Order of the European Union." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Ferrara, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11392/2487859.

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Books on the topic "Europe, commercial policy"

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R, Lignelli Paula, ed. Trade barriers in Europe. Nova Science Publishers, 2007.

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Cadot, Olivier. Can industrial Europe be saved? Centre for European Reform, 1996.

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Heidensohn, Klaus. Europe and world trade. Middlesex University, 1992.

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Martin, Dippl, and Langhammer Rolf J, eds. EC trade policies towards associated developing countries: Barriers to success. J.C.B. Mohr, 1985.

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Rosenberg, Harris. Doing business with Eastern Europe and former Soviet states. Croner.CCH, 2001.

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Milica, Uvalić, Espa Efisio, Lorentzen Jochen, and European University Institute, eds. Impediments to the transition in Eastern Europe. European University Institute, 1993.

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A, Landesmann Michael, and Székely István P. 1959-, eds. Industrial restructuring and trade reorientation in Eastern Europe. Cambridge University Press, 1995.

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1935-, Mendelsohn M., ed. Franchising in Europe. Cassell, 1993.

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Froment-Meurice, Henri. L' Europe de 1992: Espace et puissance : la dimension exterieure du marché interieur : rapport au ministre desAffaires étrangères. La Documentation Francaise, 1988.

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Silagadse, Avtandil. Challenges of the post communist financial-currency policy: Monetary, fiscal, and trade policies. Nova Science Publishers, 2009.

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Book chapters on the topic "Europe, commercial policy"

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Nevin, Edward. "Commercial Policy — Friends and Neighbours." In The Economics of Europe. Macmillan Education UK, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-20923-1_25.

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Nevin, Edward. "Commercial Policy — The World at Large." In The Economics of Europe. Macmillan Education UK, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-20923-1_26.

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Buch, Claudia M. "Governance and Restructuring of Commercial Banks." In Banking and Monetary Policy in Eastern Europe. Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781403907684_3.

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Schindelegger, Arthur, and Walter Seher. "Land Policy in Austria: Affordable Housing Against the Background of Limited Land Resources." In Land Policies in Europe. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-83725-8_2.

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Abstract Austria is for the most part an Alpine country with very limited land resources available for housing. This scarcity in combination with a dysfunctional land market and a strong interest in development for commercial usage leads to comparatively high land prices. Therefore, the typically urban phenomenon of too little affordable dwellings is a pressing issue in many alpine areas. Land policy is in this context typically understood as a strategy to correct the land market and achieve the overall political goal of enabling young people to stay in their home valleys. Municipalities have
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Curry, Edward, Andreas Metzger, Sonja Zillner, et al. "The European Big Data Value Ecosystem." In The Elements of Big Data Value. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-68176-0_1.

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AbstractThe adoption of big data technology within industrial sectors facilitates organizations to gain competitive advantage. The impacts of big data go beyond the commercial world, creating significant societal impact, from improving healthcare systems to the energy-efficient operation of cities and transportation infrastructure, to increasing the transparency and efficiency of public administration. In order to exploit the potential of big data to create value for society, citizens and businesses, Europe needs to embrace new technology, applications, use cases and business models within and
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Moens, Gabriël, and John Trone. "Commercial Law and Policy." In Commercial Law of the European Union. Springer Netherlands, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-8774-4_5.

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Balmas, Paolo, and Sabine Dörry. "The Geoeconomics of Chinese Bank Expansion into the European Union." In The Political Economy of Geoeconomics: Europe in a Changing World. Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-01968-5_7.

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AbstractWe apply the concept of geoeconomics to the example of Chinese state-owned commercial banks based in Luxembourg and their financial activities in the European Union. The case study links the uneven relationship between China and Luxembourg to the field of international finance via large Chinese state-owned banks as important but analytically neglected actors. In doing so, we analyze how economic resources are used by, through and between nation states in the pursuit of their strategic goals. Starting from the observation that Chinese banking networks primarily provide a platform for th
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Ertör, Irmak, and Pinar Ertör-Akyazi. "Towards Just and Sustainable Blue Futures: Small-Scale Fisher Movements and Food Sovereignty." In Ocean Governance. Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-20740-2_17.

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AbstractOceans and seas have been vital food sources for both coastal and terrestrial communities for thousands of years. Traditionally, the main actors were small-scale fishers adopting more ecologically-benign fishing practices either for their own subsistence or small-scale commercial use and livelihood. Members of small-scale fishing communities frequently combine other socioeconomic activities such as small-scale agriculture and animal husbandry with their fishing activity as well. Thus, they usually have broader and different understandings and narratives regarding their relations and in
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Brouwer, Henk J. "Land Policy and Vacancies in the Metropolitan Amsterdam Office Market." In European Metropolitan Commercial Real Estate Markets. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-37852-2_5.

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Tóth, Tamás. "Commercial and Competition Policy in Hungary (Facts, Laws, Consequences and Experiences)." In Ungarn im neuen Europa. Gabler Verlag, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-322-83895-7_10.

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Conference papers on the topic "Europe, commercial policy"

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Marmuse, Florian, Julian Schroth, Sascha Deutsch, Juliane Roberta Dahm, Ritesh Jain, and Lea Kablitz. "Developing the European Commercial Space Sector: Historical Insights into Strategic Policy and Program Development." In IAF Businesses and Innovation Symposium, Held at the 75th International Astronautical Congress (IAC 2024). International Astronautical Federation (IAF), 2024. https://doi.org/10.52202/078383-0013.

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Ferretti, Francesca. "THE PATIENT AS CONSUMER? A LEGAL ANALYSIS BETWEEN THE RIGHT TO HEALTH AND MARKET REGULATION." In 11th SWS International Scientific Conferences on SOCIAL SCIENCES - ISCSS 2024. SGEM WORLD SCIENCE, 2024. https://doi.org/10.35603/sws.iscss.2024/vs02/19.

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The valorisation of a healthcare model centred on the active role of the patient has allowed its assimilation, from a legal perspective, to the figure of the consumer, characterised by ontological vulnerability and information asymmetry. This analogy is convincing in the hypothesis of the patient-direct user of medical devices, while it is more problematic in the presence of a therapeutic relationship between the patient and the healthcare provider, in particular medical facility. The assessment of compatibility between consumer and care relationship is conducted through the analysis of the Eu
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Alookandeh, Amin Ezati, and Sadegh Vaez-Zadeh. "A Comparative Review of Renewable Energy Potential, Policy Targets, and Implementation in Iran." In 2019 IEEE International Conference on Environment and Electrical Engineering and 2019 IEEE Industrial and Commercial Power Systems Europe (EEEIC / I&CPS Europe). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/eeeic.2019.8783528.

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lliffe, Molly. "The Commercial Case for Hydrogen as a Route to Market for Offshore Wind in the North Sea." In SPE Offshore Europe Conference & Exhibition. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/205437-ms.

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Abstract The UK was the first major industrialised nation to commit to a Net Zero target by 2050, and Scotland has an even more ambitious target to reach Net Zero by 2045. To realise these targets, hydrogen will play a leading role in the decarbonisation of multiple sectors including industry, transport, heat and power. Offshore wind can be a core component of our future energy infrastructure, and the scale of its potential role in hydrogen production has recently drawn wider attention from policy makers, developers and potential users across a range of sectors. Hydrogen as a route to market f
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Fichera, A., A. Gagliano, F. Nocera, A. Pagano, R. Volpe, and F. Bisegna. "Application of a Geographical Information System to Plan Energy Policy at a Neighborhood Scale." In 2018 IEEE International Conference on Environment and Electrical Engineering and 2018 IEEE Industrial and Commercial Power Systems Europe (EEEIC / I&CPS Europe). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/eeeic.2018.8493723.

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Zenginis, Ioannis, John Vardakas, Kostas Ramantas, and Christos Verikoukis. "Real-time energy management of a smart home based on deep deterministic policy gradient." In 2021 IEEE International Conference on Environment and Electrical Engineering and 2021 IEEE Industrial and Commercial Power Systems Europe (EEEIC / I&CPS Europe). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/eeeic/icpseurope51590.2021.9584656.

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Artekin, Ayşe Özge, and Mahmut Sami Duran. "DEVELOPMENT OF INTERNATIONAL TRADE IN TURKEY: TRENDS AND CHANGES." In 12th International Scientific Conference „Business and Management 2022“. Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/bm.2022.713.

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Turkey, which is the connection point between Asia and Europe and is in a strategically important position, needs new markets where it can implement an effective commercial policy. According to the data of the Asian Devel-opment Bank, Asian countries, which are expected to meet more than half of the world production in 2050 with their rapid growth, and African countries, which are seen as a virgin market and advantageous in terms of cheap raw mate-rial import, offer Turkey a good market opportunity as an alternative to European region trade. On the other hand, it is expected that the agreement
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SIMONE, Pierluigi. "THE RECASTING OF THE OTTOMAN PUBLIC DEBT AND THE ABOLITION OF THE CAPITULATIONS REGIME IN THE INTERNATIONAL LEGAL ACTION OF TURKEY LED BY MUSTAFA KEMAL ATATÜRK." In 9. Uluslararası Atatürk Kongresi. Atatürk Araştırma Merkezi Yayınları, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.51824/978-975-17-4794-5.64.

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The recast of the international debt contracted by the former Ottoman Empire and the overcoming of the capitulations regime that had afflicted Turkey for centuries, are two of the most relevant sectors in which the political and diplomatic action promoted by Mustafa Kemal Atatürk has been expressed. Extremely relevant in this regard are the different disciplines established, respectively, by the Treaty of Sèvres in 1920 and then by the Treaty of Lausanne in 1923. After the Ottoman Government defaulted in 1875, an agreement (the Decree of Muharrem) was concluded in 1881 between the Ottoman Gove
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Pollett, Buford, Ty Johannes, and Vahid Atashbari. "America's Maritime Energy Superhighways for CO2, Hydrogen and LNG Transportation." In SPE Energy Transition Symposium. SPE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/221384-ms.

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Abstract Throughout American history, Presidents have recognized the vital role of the nation's abundant natural resources, beginning with George Washington, who appreciated the strategic importance of navigable waterways. He notably showcased numerous paintings of rivers, including the iconic Hudson River, in the New Room of his Mount Vernon home. In recent times, there has been significant opposition from stakeholders and political leaders against pipeline construction in the United States. Consequently, the inland waterways, along with the navigable waterways of the Atlantic, the Great Lake
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Александрова, М. А., and Е. Н. Понамарева. "PROSPECTS FOR COMMERCIAL SALMON FARMING IN THE EUROPEAN NORTH OF RUSSIA." In DEVELOPMENT AND MODERN PROBLEMS OF AQUACULTURE. ООО "ДГТУ-Принт" Адресс полиграфического предприятия 344003 пл Гагарина, зд. 1, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.23947/aquaculture.2023.11-18.

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The world development of aquaculture is disclosed on the example of 10 countries and Russia. Using the extrapolation method, the dynamics of the development of commercial fish farming in the Russian Federation has been revealed. The investment attractiveness of the development of aquaculture in the European North of Russia is analyzed (by the example of the enterprise LLC "Russian Sea - Aquaculture"). The volume of Atlantic salmon cultivation in the world and in Russia is given. The production of marketable fish in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation for 2020 is analyzed. The wa
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Reports on the topic "Europe, commercial policy"

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Dabrovolskas, Audrius. In Search of Film Policy and Film Exhibition Model Based on Mission Economy: the Case of the Baltic Film Industries. Publishing House - Vilnius Business College, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.57005/ab.2023.1.2.

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In Europe film industries are regulated through film policies at national and supra-national levels. The biggest attention is paid to film production and distribution, because they are considered as the most crucial sectors regarding financial investment. Film exhibition on the other hand is more about whole commercial life of a film and since theatrical admissions in European Union increased by 5.3 % (in 2019) before covid-19 pandemic it demonstrates that theatrical release is still among one of the most important release windows. Yet Lithuanian, Latvian, and Estonian film exhibition trends a
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González Mínguez, Jose. The Letta report: a set of proposals for revitalising the European economy. Banco de España, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.53479/38193.

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Europe is facing a number of major challenges in the near future, including managing the climate transition, the effects of technological transformations and geopolitical changes. European and national authorities are aware that the tools currently in place are insufficient to address these challenges and that a determined reform drive is therefore needed. At the start of a new European institutional cycle, the set of proposals in the Letta report, aimed at completing the Single Market and adapting it to the new circumstances, constitute a major contribution to the European economic policy deb
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Evans, Hugh, Cathal Ryan, Andy Bourke, et al. Range expansion of bark beetles in the genus Ips (ECLIPSE - Ecological Co-factors Lead IPS Expansion). Euphresco, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/20240279299.

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Bark beetles, particularly those in the genus Ips, are major pests of conifer trees in Europe, causing extensive damage to both natural and commercial forests. The ECLIPSE project has analyzed the history of Ips infestations, focusing on factors driving their geographic spread. Key findings indicated that the availability of suitable host trees, largely due to extensive afforestation with conifers, was a primary factor enabling beetle infestations. Climatic factors, such as extreme weather events, further exacerbated infestations by weakening trees. Long-distance dispersal through both beetle
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Frohmann, Alicia, Jaume Ventura, Rainer Schweickert, et al. Euro-Latin Study Network on Integration and Trade (ELSNIT): 2nd Annual Conference. Inter-American Development Bank, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0006622.

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The process of economic reform and trade liberalization in Latin America and the Caribbean, under way since the end of the 1980s, has brought about an increasing integration of the countries in the region into the world economy, both in terms of commercial and investment flows. At the same time, Latin American countries have been pursuing the process of deepening economic integration at the subregional level, negotiating trade liberalization at the regional and hemispheric level, as well as engaging in multilateral trade negotiations. Latin American countries are also negotiating cooperation a
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Ventura, Jaume, Rainer Schweickert, Michel Fouquin, Omar Licandro, Jacques Ziller, and Rolf J. Langhammer. Euro-Latin Study Network on Integration and Trade (ELSNIT): 3rd Annual Conference. Inter-American Development Bank, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0006623.

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The process of economic reform and trade liberalization in Latin America and the Caribbean, under way since the end of the 1980s, has brought about an increasing integration of the countries in the region into the world economy, both in terms of commercial and investment flows. At the same time, Latin American countries have been pursuing the process of deepening economic integration at the subregional level, negotiating trade liberalization at the regional and hemispheric level, as well as engaging in multilateral trade negotiations. Latin American countries are also negotiating cooperation a
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Szép, Viktor, and Ramses A. Wessel. The Current Legal Basis and Governance Structures of the EU’s External Action. EsadeGeo. Center for Global Economy and Geopolitics, 2022. https://doi.org/10.56269/202201vs.

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This Working Paper explores the current legal basis and governance structures of the European Union’s (EU) “external action plus”. In our understanding, the notion of “external action plus” not only includes the foreign, security and defence policy, trade, sanctions policy, development cooperation or humanitarian aid but also EU sectoral policies with an external dimension. In line with this definition, this Working Paper presents both the traditional external action areas of common commercial policy, sanctions policy and development cooperation and humanitarian aid, as well as the external di
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Saville, Alan, and Caroline Wickham-Jones, eds. Palaeolithic and Mesolithic Scotland : Scottish Archaeological Research Framework Panel Report. Society for Antiquaries of Scotland, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.9750/scarf.06.2012.163.

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Why research Palaeolithic and Mesolithic Scotland? Palaeolithic and Mesolithic archaeology sheds light on the first colonisation and subsequent early inhabitation of Scotland. It is a growing and exciting field where increasing Scottish evidence has been given wider significance in the context of European prehistory. It extends over a long period, which saw great changes, including substantial environmental transformations, and the impact of, and societal response to, climate change. The period as a whole provides the foundation for the human occupation of Scotland and is crucial for understan
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Uyarra, Elvira, Diego Moñux, Yanchao Li, et al. Spurring Innovation-led Growth in Latin America and the Caribbean through Public Procurement. Inter-American Development Bank, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0007026.

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Public procurement accounts for a significant proportion of overall demand for goods and services. Thus, it could be a useful tool for fostering innovation and economic growth. While interest in the use of public procurement as industrial policy is not new, its potential to spur demand for innovative products and services, create incentives for business innovation, and accelerate the diffusion of new technologies has received much policy attention in recent years. The aim of this study is to advance knowledge on the role of public procurement as a demand-side policy instrument in stimulating f
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Scarrott, Rory, Cathal O'Mahony, Michael Sweeney, et al. KETmaritime: Setting course to energise maritime uptake of Key Enabling Technologies. University College Cork, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.33178/10468.10928.

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Key Enabled Technologies(KETs) have the potential to impact on many aspects of society, whilst transforming European industrial competitiveness at the local, national, and global scales. Studies funded by the European Commission have shown that European advances in six technology areas would not only enhance the leadership and competitiveness of European business, but also drive advances across Europe’s business sectors and society. Despite their applicability across sectors, KETs represent a change, and a new manner of moving forward. Business and society view change both positively, welcomin
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van Gemert, Rob, Per Holliland, Konrad Karlsson, Niklas Sjöberg, and Torbjörn Säterberg. Assessment of the eel stock in Sweden, spring 2024 : fifth post-evaluation of the Swedish eel management. Department of Aquatic Resources, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.54612/a.4iseib7eup.

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For decades, the population of the European eel has been in severe decline. In 2007, the European Union decided on a Regulation establishing measures for the recovery of the stock, which obliged Member States to implement a national Eel Management Plan by 2009. Sweden submitted its plan in 2008. According to the Regulation, Member States shall report regularly to the EU-Commission, on the implementation of their Eel Management Plans and the progress achieved in protection and restoration. The current report provides an assessment of the eel stock in Sweden as of spring 2024, intending to feed
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