Relevant bibliographies by topics / Europe Freemasons

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Academic literature on the topic 'Europe Freemasons'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 16 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Europe Freemasons"

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Calance, Mădălina. "JACOB’s LADDER: Reason, Liberty and Science. The Contribution of Freemasonry to the Enlightenment." Human and Social Studies 3, no. 2 (June 1, 2014): 111–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/hssr-2013-0033.

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Abstract The theme of the article relies to the particular contribution of Freemasonry in the initiation and development of modernity, focusing on science, religion and politics. We know that, during the late Middle Ages, the European society was obedient to the „Church-Tradition-Monarchy” trinity; this status-quo collapsed due to the rational way of thinking; also the establishment of the universal human rights belongs to the Enlightenment, whose theses were supported mainly by Freemasons. Many researchers have proposed to show the extent to which Freemasonry helped to build the ideals of Enlightenment. The main conclusions that can be drawn, by analyzing their tracks, are: (1) All famous leaders of the Enlightenment had connections to Freemasonry; (2) The Enlightenment tenets overlap Freemasonry tenets, and, therefore they were supported and propagated by English, French, and American lodges; (3) Freemasonry progressively turned into a transnational vehicle for liberal thinking, disseminating the concepts of property and freedom in Europe and across the Atlantic.
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Cannon, Byron D. "Nineteenth-Century Arabic Writings On Women And Society: The Interim Role Of The Masonic Press In Cairo — (Al-Lata'if, 1885–1895)." International Journal of Middle East Studies 17, no. 4 (November 1985): 463–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020743800029433.

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This article, which draws largely from Arabica press sources from 1885 to 1900, seeks to sharpen our view of social attitudes reflected in the activities of local Freemasons in Egypt and Syria during the last decades of the Ottoman Empite. A number of earlier historians have attached considerable importance to pre- and post-1908 masonic orders and Ottoman politics. Too few, however, have tried to analyze ways in which essential social themes, some widely recognized as having importance across international and intercultural lines, were viewed through the perspective of late 19th-century Freemasonry. A first task in this introduction, therefore, will be to see how Masons in Europe and the Middle East viewed, or were presumed to view, a number of such social themes in general terms. We will then turn to one specific issue which clearly assumed more than passing importance as a propagandistic cause pursued by a small but influential group of Masons in Syria and Egypt over nearly two decades' time. We may tentatively suggest that the purpose of such endeavors was to encourage majority acceptance of the relevance and value of a cause espoused for the body politic as a whole, without necessary reference to its original, here clearly minority, proponents.
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Camp, Pannill. "May Philosophy Flourish: Pantheisticon, Freemasonry, and Eighteenth-Century Ritual Philosophy." Journal of Medieval and Early Modern Studies 51, no. 3 (September 1, 2021): 553–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/10829636-9295065.

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In eighteenth-century Europe, ritual performance behavior was consciously used for philosophical purposes. The richest documented instances of this involved Freemasonry, a voluntary fraternal order that drew tens of thousands of men, across Europe and beyond, into a secretive ritual practice. Masons understood ritual, the core of Masonic “craft,” as a philosophical activity in itself. Supporting this claim requires a critique of the prevalent view that Freemasonry was uniquely compatible with specific Enlightenment philosophical constructs—constitutional monarchism in political thought and deistic Newtonianism in natural philosophy. Rather than expressing these specific philosophical views, Masonic ritual effectuated philosophical reflection apart from the outside world. John Toland's proto-Masonic ritual document Pantheisticon shows how early modern rituals fostered thinking in lodge settings and distinguished between Masonic and “profane” entities. On this basis it can be argued that performance in this era and beyond should be understood as the generative containment of knowledge.
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Kondakov, Yuri E. "Documents on Freemasonry from the Archive of Archimandrite Photius (Spassky)." Herald of an archivist, no. 3 (2020): 676–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.28995/2073-0101-2020-3-676-691.

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The article introduces into scientific use an analytical note on Freemasonry addressed to Alexander I. In Europe in the 18th – 19th centuries, there was extensive anti-Masonic literature. In Russia, such works were rare. Reputedly, the greatest Russian extirpator of Freemasonry was Archimandrite Photius (Spassky). The ban of Masonic lodges in 1822 is attributed to his influence on Alexander I. Photius was one of the leaders of the social movement of the Russian Orthodox opposition. Among other objects of its criticism were the Masonic lodges. However, a consolidated anti-Masonic action failed to materialize. Now it has been made possible to explain the opposition’s restraint in its attitude to Freemasonry. Four volumes of documents belonging to archimandrite Photius have been found in the Russian State Historical Archive. These are the materials from 1817-1832. The collection includes personal documents of Photius, messages and letters of Metropolitan Seraphim (Glagolevsky), A.A. Arakcheev, A.S. Shishkov, Metropolitan Filaret (Drozdov). Many of these documents were handed over to Emperor Alexander I and influenced his change of heart in the politics. An anonymous note on Freemasonry from the Photius collection is included in the article in its entirety as a rare example of an anti-Masonic message to the Emperor. The note gives a retrospective of the Masonic movement in Russia. It describes what influence the masons of the 18th century had on Freemasonry of the 19th century. Most mentioned Masonic leaders belonged to the “Rosicrucian” system of Freemasonry (Order of the Golden and Pink Cross). The author of the note assured the emperor that there were Rosicrucians in his inner circle. He named Senator I.V. Lopukhin, publisher and translator A.F. Labzin, R.A. Koshelev, and the tsar’s friend, Minister A.N. Golitsyn. Photius’s documents show that criticism of Freemasonry was not the focus of the Russian Orthodox opposition activities. Among the opposition there were people who shared the idea of a worldwide Masonic conspiracy: S.I. Smirnov, M.L. Magnitsky. In Archimandrite In the Photius’s documents references to Freemasonry are very rare. At the time of the opposition’s action in 1824, the issue of Freemasonry was no longer relevant, since Freemasonry was subjected to a government ban in 1822.
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Arabadzhyan, Z. A. "Shiite clergy among Iranian Masons." Minbar. Islamic Studies 13, no. 1 (April 7, 2020): 13–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.31162/2618-9569-2020-13-1-13-37.

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The article is devoted to the history of the origins and development of Iranian Freemasonry and the Shiite clergy participation in Masonic structures. Since Freemasonry itself has historically been the conductor of liberal ideas in Europe, it would seem that religious figures in Iran, who are in the position of traditionalism, should have been extremely hostile to this trend. However, Iranian experience has shown that this is not so, and a large group of Shiite ulama, including even the most authoritative, at various times entered the local Masonic lodges. The clergy were especially active during the era of the Constitutional Revolution of 1905-1911, when they used Masonic lodges and quasi-Masonic structures to fight the absolutist monarchy. Most of its representatives held a leadership positions in these structures and influenced the course of specific historical events and the decisions made. In the second half of the twentieth century the participation of religious leaders in the Masonic lodges of Iran began to weaken. The author also analyzes the rumors about Ayatollah Khomeini’s belonging to Freemasonry in order to determine the degree of their reliability.
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Graham, John T., and Margaret C. Jacob. "Living the Enlightenment: Freemasonry and Politics in Eighteenth-Century Europe." American Historical Review 98, no. 3 (June 1993): 858. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2167594.

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Skrodzka, Agnieszka. "Wątki masońskie w sztuce na dworze Stanisława Augusta." Artifex Novus, no. 2 (January 15, 2020): 2–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.21697/an.7823.

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Za panowania Stanisława Augusta Poniatowskiego bardzo wielu polskich luminarzy sztuki i kultury, a także licznych polityków i mężów stanu, należało do masonerii. Ruch ten w Europie XVIII wieku zyskiwał coraz więcej zwolenników, także wśród głów koronowanych. Do wolnomularstwa należał podobno także sam król Stanisław August. Historycy sztuki, próbując odczytywać ukryte treści dzieł sztuki powstających na dworze tego monarchy, dopatrują się w nich wątków masońskich. W niniejszym artykule została przedstawiona próba odrzucenia tych interpretacji. Głównym powodem jest dla autorki brak dowodów w postaci źródeł, które mogłyby potwierdzić słuszność tych twierdzeń. During the reign of Stanislaus Augustus many Polish luminaries of art and culture, and numerous politicians and statesmen belonged to the freemasonry order. In 18th century Europe this organisation was gaining more and more members, including individuals from royalty. It has been presumed that King Stanislaus Augustus was also a member. Art historians have tried to uncover hidden messages in the artwork commissioned by the king in the search for masonic motives. This article is an attempt to refute such interpretations. The author finds no proof in sources researched that would confirm the validity of such interpretations.
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Geschiere, Peter, and Rogers Orock. "Anusocratie? Freemasonry, sexual transgression and illicit enrichment in postcolonial Africa." Africa 90, no. 5 (November 2020): 831–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0001972020000650.

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AbstractCameroonians recently invented a new word to characterize the state of their country: anusocratie (the rule of the anus). This became central in the moral panic from 2000 onwards over a supposed proliferation of homosexuality. Anusocratie links such same-sex practices to illicit enrichment by the national elites and their involvement with secret associations of Western provenance, such as Freemasonry, Rosicrucians and the Illuminati. This article tries to unravel this conceptual knot of homosexuality, the occult (Freemasonry) and illicit enrichment: first, by historicizing it. Of interest in the Cameroonian case is the fact that a similar link is mentioned in one of the first ethnographies, Günther Tessmann's Die Pangwe. Freemasonry is clearly a colonial imposition on the country, but the link between same-sex practices and enrichment has a longer history. Second, a comparison with similar ideas elsewhere on the continent can also open up wider perspectives. The link with illicit enrichment does not figure in classical conceptions of ‘homosexuality’ as developed in Europe, yet it strongly emerges from examples from all over Africa. Both Achille Mbembe and Joseph Tonda show that this image of the anus – anal penetration – articulates popular concerns about staggering inequalities. Yet, this aspect is ignored in debates about growing ‘homophobia’ in Africa. A confrontation with classical texts from Western queer theory (Bersani, Mieli) can help us discover other layers in African discourses, notably an emphasis on sexual diversity as an answer to homophobia. It can also serve to relativize the linking of sexual practices to sexual identities, which is still seen as self-evident in much queer theory of Western provenance.
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9

La Vopa, Anthony J. "Living the Enlightenment: Freemasonry and Politics in Eighteenth-Century Europe. Margaret C. Jacob." Journal of Modern History 66, no. 2 (June 1994): 351–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/244837.

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Křížová, Markéta. "Julius Nestler and the “Nestler Collection” in the Náprstek Museum: Nationalism, Occultism and Entrepreneurship in the Making of Americanist Archaeology in Central Europe." Annals of the Náprstek Museum 37, no. 2 (2016): 17–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/anpm-2017-0010.

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The text aims to present the broader context and biography of Julius Nestler, an amateur archaeologist from Prague, who at the beginning of the twentieth century pursued excavations in the ruins of Tiahuanaco/Tiwanaku and brought to Prague a unique collection of about 3,600 pieces, now deposited in the Náprstek Museum in Prague. A biographical study of Nestler has revealed his wide interests. During the period of Czech-German competition in Bohemia he promoted “German science”. He cooperated with entrepreneurial groups in Germany that were trying to penetrate Latin America economically, as a Freemason actively capitalised on a transnational community of associates; and at the same time was an adherent to and propagator of occultism. All these facets of his personality shaped his activities in the recently-established field of Americanist archaeology.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Europe Freemasons"

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Mollès, Devrig. "Triangle atlantique et triangle latin : l'Amérique latine et le système-monde maçonnique (1717-1921) : éléments pour une histoire des options publiques internationales." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012STRAA027.

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Cette thèse analyse le système‐monde maçonnique entre 1717 et 1921, perçu comme un produit et un agent de la modernité occidentale, comme le prototype fondateur de l’opinion publique internationale et comme une plaque tectonique de la géoculture du système-monde moderne. Elle fluctue entre une perspective globale, une perspective atlantique et un ancrage latino‐américain, fourni notamment par les principales puissances océaniques d’Amérique latine (Argentine, Brésil, Mexique). Quelle fut l’évolution globale des réseaux maçonniques au cours des XIXe et XXe siècles ? Quelle fut leur géopolitique et leur géoculture ? Dans quelle mesure peut‐on ou non parler de « système maçonnique international » ? Quelle fut la place de l’Amérique latine dans cette dynamique ? Comment le sous‐continent américain s’intégra‐t‐il dans le système‐monde maçonnique ? Les réseaux maçonniques y furent‐ils une plaque tectonique géoculturelle et des vecteurs de transferts culturels ? Contribuèrent‐ils à l’intégration du sous‐continent américain au sein de la grande communauté atlantique mais aussi à l’intégration et à l’autonomisation latino américaine ?
This thesis investigates the birth and development of the Masonic world‐system, seen as a product and an agent of western modernity, as the prototype of international public opinion and as a tectonic plate of the géoculture of the modern world‐system. This text focuses on the first period of its development (1717‐1921). It fluctuates between a global perspective,an Atlantic perspective, and a Latin American anchorage, provided by the major oceanic powers of Latin America (Argentina, Brazil, and Mexico). What was the global evolution of the Masonic networks in the 19th and 20th centuries? What were their geopolitics and their géoculture? Is it possible to talk about an "international Masonic system"? What was the place of Latin America in this dynamic? How the American subcontinent became a part of the Masonic world‐system? In Latin America in the 19th and 20th centuries, were the Masonic networks a tectonic plate of géoculture and the vectors of cultural transfers? Did they contribute to the integration of the American sub‐continent in the Atlantic community? Did they contribute discreetly to the regional integration and to the Latin American empowerment ?
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Bayer, Natalie. ""Spreading the light": European Freemasonry and Russia in the eighteenth century." Thesis, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1911/20574.

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This dissertation attempts to determine the intellectual, cultural, and social contributions of the European Freemasons who corresponded with, traveled to, or lived and worked in Russia. My study is based on the assumption that eighteenth-century Freemasonry was one of the structures through which the ideas about nature, social order, and science contributed to the formation of a public sphere. Despite Freemasonry's well established presence and, as I argue, instrumental influence on Russia, no academic study along the lines of contextual intellectual history has been undertaken for the study of the transmission of ideas between the European and Russian lodges. Freemasonry, an institution that found response and operated in both European and Russian contexts, provides a unique vantage point for a reconstruction of the intellectual milieu of the society, within which people discussed, disputed, and put into practice ideas and ideals of the Enlightenment. Freemasons in Russia "worked" to adapt various Western models to fit the Russian developmental needs. This fusion of different traditions and concepts is the most original aspect of the Russian movement. In my analysis of several interconnected themes---the creation of a public sphere, Westernization, transmission of ideas, and the transition from the Enlightenment to Romanticism---I organize the chapters of this dissertation around two most important transformations: of Russia and of the Enlightenment. During the course of the century, Freemasons in Russia departed from the original cosmopolitanism of the Enlightenment, chose different forms of Freemasonry, and gradually became more involved with in the concept of Russia as a separate national entity. By the end of the eighteenth century, while being closely allied with the intellectual and educational strivings of the Enlightenment, they began producing their own negations of some Enlightenment ideas, providing a transition to the sentimentalism.
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Books on the topic "Europe Freemasons"

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L'Europe sous l'Acacia: Histoire des franc-maçonneries européennes du XVIIIe siècle à nos jours. Paris: Éditions Dervy, 2012.

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Living the enlightenment: Freemasonry and politics in eighteenth-century Europe. New York: Oxford University Press, 1991.

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Robison, John. Proofs of a conspiracy against all the religions and governments of Europe: Carried on in the secret meetings of Free Masons, Illuminati, and reading societies. Whitefish, Mont.]: Kessinger Publishing, LLC, 2010.

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Platzanlage und Landschaftsgarten als "begehbare Utopien": Ein Beitrag zur Deutung der Templum-Salomonis-Rezeption im 16. und 18. Jahrhundert. Frankfurt am Main: Lang, 1994.

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K, Young John. Sacred sites of the Knights Templar: Ancient astronomers and the Freemasons at Stonehenge, Rennes-le-Chateau, and Santiago de Compostela. Gloucester, Mass: Fair Winds Press, 2003.

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Brandão, Pedro Ramos. A maçonaria e a participação de Portugal na Primeira Guerra Mundial: Sangue, lágrimas e "aventais" na Europa e em África. [Alfragide]: Casa das Letras, 2014.

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Emanuel Swedenborg, secret agent on Earth and in heaven: Jacobites, Jews, and Freemasons in early modern Sweden. Leiden: Brill, 2011.

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Beresniak, Daniel. La franc-maçonnerie en Europe de l'Est. Monaco: Editions du Rocher, 1992.

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Ludwik, Hass, ed. Zasady w godzinie próby: Wolnomularstwo w Europie Środkowo-Wschodniej, 1929-1941. Warszawa: Państwowe Wydawn. Nauk., 1987.

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Mercier, Jean-Luc Le. Europe, citoyenneté et franc-maçonnerie. Bruxelles: Éditions Espace de libertés, Centre d'action laïque, 2006.

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Book chapters on the topic "Europe Freemasons"

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Péter, Róbert. "‘The Fair Sex’ in a ‘Male Sect’: Gendering the Role of Women in Eighteenth-Century English Freemasonry." In Gender and Fraternal Orders in Europe, 1300–2000, 133–55. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230283381_7.

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"Of Marks, Prints, Pots, and Becherovka: Freemasons’ Branding in Early Modern Europe?,." In Cultures of Commodity Branding, 213–34. Routledge, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315430898-15.

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"Freemasonry: toward civil society." In The Rise of the Public in Enlightenment Europe, 252–72. Cambridge University Press, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511819421.009.

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"Lord George Gordon and Cabalistic Freemasonry: Beating Jacobite Swords into Jacobin Ploughshares." In Secret Conversions to Judaism in Early Modern Europe, 183–231. BRILL, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/9789047401841_008.

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Tazbir, Janusz. "Conspiracy Theories and the Reception of The Protocols of the Elders of Zion in Poland." In Polin: Studies in Polish Jewry Volume 11, 171–82. Liverpool University Press, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/liverpool/9781874774051.003.0012.

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This chapter addresses conspiracy theories and the publication of The Protocols of the Elders of Zion, the most infamous ‘instructions’ telling adherents of the Jewish faith how they were to build the Sanhedrin's global empire. The Protocols was supposedly based on lectures given at the First Zionist Congress in Basle in 1897. The aim of the book was to show that the perpetrators of all social upheavals were Jews, who expected to conquer the world with the aid of revolution. In inter-war Poland, belief in the omnipotence of the masonic lodges and international Jewry found its adherents among historians and journalists associated with the nationalist right, the Endecja (National Democratic Party). In the opinion of modern supporters of the conspiracy theory of history, Freemasonry, always directed by Jews, constituted a factor in all the more important events in the political, social, and cultural history of Poland, Europe, and the western world.
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