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Journal articles on the topic 'European Agency for Health and Consumers'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 7 June 2025

Last updated: 2 August 2025

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1

Pacian, Anna. "Public Health in the Health Care System." Gubernaculum et Administratio 27, no. 1 (2023): 79–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.16926/gea.2023.01.04.

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Public health encompasses a wide range of activities related to almost all aspects of the society’s health. Public health influences the shape of social and health policy of the state, and cooperates with all socio-economic sectors and social organizations. The goal of public health is to reduce morbidity rate, premature deaths and conditions leading to suffering and disability. Public health activities in the European Union are determined by specific regulations which include: the Treaty of Maastricht, the Treaty of Amsterdam and the Treaty of Lisbon. The Directorate-General for Health and Co

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2

Merron, Jeff. "Putting Foreign Consumers on the Map: J. Walter Thompson's Struggle with General Motors' International Advertising Account in the 1920s." Business History Review 73, no. 3 (1999): 465–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3116184.

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In the late 1920s and early 1930s the J. Walter Thompson advertising agency, fueled largely by a deal with General Motors' international operations, opened thirty-four branch offices in Europe, the Middle East, South Africa, India, Australia, and South America. The overseas branches allowed the agency to sharpen its methods of quantitative research. They also enabled J. Walter Thompson to establish lasting understandings of European markets that proved beneficial for its long-term health.

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McKechnie, Sheila. "The public and agriculture: the consumer perspective." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science 2003 (2003): 233–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1752756200013892.

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Consumers’ Association (CA) campaigns on behalf of all UK consumers. CA is a not-for-profit organisation, funded through the sale of our Which? range of consumer information and products. We are founder members of BEUC, the European consumer organisation and Consumers International (CI), the international federation of consumer organisations.Food has always been one of our main campaigning areas because it is so central to people’s lives. We have been key players in debates around food policy over the last twenty years and successfully campaigned for the establishment of the Food Standards Age

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Moulon, Isabelle, та Nikos Dedes. "The Patientsʼ and Consumersʼ Working Party at the European Medicines Agency". Journal of Ambulatory Care Management 33, № 3 (2010): 190–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/jac.0b013e3181e59322.

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García, Pilar, Rafael Tabla, Hany Anany, et al. "ECOPHAGE: Combating Antimicrobial Resistance Using Bacteriophages for Eco-Sustainable Agriculture and Food Systems." Viruses 15, no. 11 (2023): 2224. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v15112224.

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The focus of this meeting was to discuss the suitability of using bacteriophages as alternative antimicrobials in the agrifood sector. Following a One Health approach, the workshop explored the possibilities of implementing phage application strategies in the agriculture, animal husbandry, aquaculture, and food production sectors. Therefore, the meeting had gathered phage researchers, representatives of the agrifood industry, and policymakers to debate the advantages and potential shortcomings of using bacteriophages as alternatives to traditional antimicrobials and chemical pesticides. Indust

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Girling, Julie. "The Role of Science in 21st Century EU Policy–Making." European Journal of Risk Regulation 5, no. 3 (2014): 300–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1867299x00003810.

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Today,more than ever, citizens expect value formoney, not only from their elected representatives, but also from the laws and regulations passed to protect them. As the European economy faces continued challenges and limited economic growth, citizens rely on policy-makers to encourage innovation and stimulate growth and jobs. This requires flexible legislation which fosters start-ups, encourages SMEs during those early days, but which also simultaneously maintains the high levels of consumer health and safety that they have become accustomed to.Public accountability is also increasing – and ri

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Pranskuniene, Zivile, Ruta Balciunaite, Zenona Simaitiene, and Jurga Bernatoniene. "Herbal Medicine Uses for Respiratory System Disorders and Possible Trends in New Herbal Medicinal Recipes during COVID-19 in Pasvalys District, Lithuania." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 15 (2022): 8905. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19158905.

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Despite some preliminary studies of the available herbal medicine preparations and their curative effects on COVID-19, experts still fear that unproper use of such homemade medicines could do more harm than good to people relying on unproven alternatives of questionable efficacy. The main purpose of this study was to evaluate the safety of herbal medicines used for respiratory system disorders in the Pasvalys district during the COVID-19 pandemic in Lithuania. An archival source was also studied, looking for possible recipes for the treatment and prevention of respiratory diseases in Lithuania

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Tábuas, Bruna, Sílvia Cruz Barros, Catarina Diogo, Carlos Cavaleiro, and Ana Sanches Silva. "Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids in Foods, Herbal Drugs, and Food Supplements: Chemistry, Metabolism, Toxicological Significance, Analytical Methods, Occurrence, and Challenges for Future." Toxins 16, no. 2 (2024): 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins16020079.

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Consumers are increasingly seeking natural alternatives to chemical compounds, including the use of dried aromatic plants as seasonings instead of salt. However, the presence of pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) in food supplements and dried plants has become a concern because of their link to liver diseases and their classification as carcinogenic by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). Despite European Union (EU) Regulation (EU) 2023/915, non-compliance issues persist, as indicated by alerts on the Rapid Alert System for Food and Feed (RASFF) portal. Analyzing PAs poses a chal

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Tharrey, Marion, Matthieu Maillot, Véronique Azaïs-Braesco, and Nicole Darmon. "From the SAIN,LIM system to the SENS algorithm: a review of a French approach of nutrient profiling." Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 76, no. 3 (2017): 237–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0029665117000817.

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Nutrient profiling aims to classify or rank foods according to their nutritional composition to assist policies aimed at improving the nutritional quality of foods and diets. The present paper reviews a French approach of nutrient profiling by describing the SAIN,LIM system and its evolution from its early draft to the simplified nutrition labelling system (SENS) algorithm. Considered in 2010 by WHO as the ‘French model’ of nutrient profiling, SAIN,LIM classifies foods into four classes based on two scores: a nutrient density score (NDS) called SAIN and a score of nutrients to limit called LIM

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Lampropoulou, Maria A., Maria G. Grammatikopoulou, Xenophon Theodoridis, et al. "Clinical Trials of Vitamin Supplements: Are They Meeting the European Medicines Agency Prompt Dissemination Regulation?" Dietetics 1, no. 2 (2022): 114–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/dietetics1020012.

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Vitamin supplements are over-the-counter medications consumed by the majority of adults. Given that many supplements may be ineffective and/or associated with adverse events, compliance of the registered trials to the European Medicines Agency (EMA) rule for prompt reporting of the results is of crucial importance for consumers’ health. The present retrospective study was designed to evaluate compliance with the European Union (EU) requirement to post the trial results to the EU Clinical Trials Database (EudraCT) and assess the trial characteristics associated with this compliance. Three indep

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Castro, Indiana, Marie Van Tricht, Nicole Bonaccorso, et al. "Stakeholders’ Understanding of European Medicine Agency’s COVID-19 Vaccine Information Materials in EU and Regional Contexts." Vaccines 11, no. 10 (2023): 1616. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11101616.

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The COVID-19 pandemic posed challenges to communicating accurate information about vaccines because of the spread of misinformation. The European Medicines Agency (EMA) tried to reassure the public by communicating early on about the development and approval of COVID-19 vaccines. The EMA surveyed patients/consumers, healthcare professional organizations, and individual stakeholders, both at the EU level and in an Italian regional context. The objectives of the study were to see if the EMA’s core information materials were informative and well-understood and which communication channels were pr

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Clonan, Angie, Michelle Holdsworth, Judy A. Swift, Didier Leibovici, and Paul Wilson. "The dilemma of healthy eating and environmental sustainability: the case of fish." Public Health Nutrition 15, no. 2 (2011): 277–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980011000930.

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AbstractObjectiveDespite widespread concern over exploitation of the European Union's fish stocks, dietary guidelines in the UK continue to recommend two portions of fish per week. The present study sought to investigate whether health and/or sustainability are motivating factors when purchasing and consuming fish and whether there are sociodemographic trends.DesignA structured, self-completion postal questionnaire exploring consumers’ attitudes towards purchasing fish, their dietary intake, stated purchasing behaviour and sociodemographic information.SettingNottinghamshire, UK.SubjectsAdults

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McGachy, Lenka, Jiří Kroužek, and Radek Škarohlíd. "Persistent Organic Pollutants PFAS: Challenges, Impacts and Legislative Measures." Chemické listy 118, no. 12 (2024): 639–44. https://doi.org/10.54779/chl20240639.

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In February 2023, the European Chemicals Agency (ECHA) announced that it has an expected detailed proposal for the restriction of more than 10,000 per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) under the Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chemicals (REACH) Regulation. The national authorities of Denmark, Germany, the Netherlands, Norway and Sweden submitted the proposal after identifying risks in the production, marketing and use of PFAS. In their view, the substances are not sufficiently controlled and need to be addressed at EU level. This article focuses on the implicati

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Sawyer, Wisdom Ebiye, Godgift Nabebe, and Sylvester Chibueze Izah. "Public Health Implications of Pesticide Residues in Food: Risks, Regulations, and Interventions." Greener Journal of Biomedical and Health Sciences 7, no. 1 (2024): 31–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.15580/gjbhs.2024.1.102024144.

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Pesticides enter food primarily through direct application to crops during farming, where residues can remain on the surface or be absorbed into plant tissues. Additionally, pesticide drift from nearby treated areas and contamination of soil or water used for irrigation can introduce residues into food crops, further increasing the risk of exposure. This paper focuses on the public health implications of pesticide residues in food. The paper found that pesticide residues in food pose significant public health challenges, with potential risks ranging from acute toxicity to chronic health issues

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Lundström, Mats, Peter Barry, Lucia Brocato, et al. "European registry for quality improvement in cataract surgery." International Journal of Health Care Quality Assurance 27, no. 2 (2014): 140–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijhcqa-10-2012-0101.

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Purpose – A project aimed at creating a multi-national database for cataract and refractive surgery was initiated in 2008. The database was intended for learning and clinical improvement, not supervision. The project was co-funded by the European Union, under the Executive Agency for Health and Consumers and the European Society of Cataract and Refractive Surgeons (ESCRS) and supported by 11 national societies for cataract and refractive surgery. The purpose of this article is to describe the setup of the database and the ensuing achievements within cataract surgery after four years. Design/me

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Adamchuk, T. V., S. M. Kuzminskiy, and Т. О. Shchutska. "Health risks and legal aspects of non-alcoholic drinks safe consumption." One Health and Nutrition Problems of Ukraine 52, no. 1 (2020): 26–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.33273/2663-9726-2020-52-1-26-31.

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Objective of the Work. Conduct an analysis of the safety studies of the major energy drink components carried out by various international scientific institutions. Compare European and Ukrainian legislation on the regulation of safe energy drink consumption. Methods and Materials. Analysis of scientific literature, as well as European and Ukrainian regulations on the safety and regulation of energy drinks. Results and Discussion. Non-alcoholic beverage is one that, due to its special component, activates the physiological functions of the human body. Its main components are caffeine, taurine,

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OBASI, NWOGO AJUKA, CHINYERE ALOKE, STELLA EBERECHUKWU OBASI, ADEMOLA CLEMENT FAMUREWA, PATIENCE NKEMJIKA OGBU, and GERTRUDE NNEKA ONYEJI. "Elemental Composition and Associated Health Risk of Honey Obtained from Apiary Farms in Southeast Nigeria." Journal of Food Protection 83, no. 10 (2020): 1745–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/jfp-20-072.

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ABSTRACT This study investigated the levels of lead, selenium, arsenic, iron, manganese, copper, zinc, chromium, cadmium, and nickel in honey and their potential health risks to consumers, using standard protocols. The honey samples were obtained from apiary farms at nine different locations in southeast Nigeria. They were digested at optimal conditions and analyzed using a flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Levels of the studied elements in the honey were found to vary relative to the sample source; however, all were below European Commission maximum permissible limits, with the excep

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Rurik, Imre, László Róbert Kolozsvári, Diederik Aarendonk, et al. "Menekültek, migránsok az alapellátásban. Mit tanulhattunk az EUR-HUMAN projekt eredményeiből?" Orvosi Hetilap 159, no. 35 (2018): 1414–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/650.2018.31187.

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Abstract: In 2015, local wars, starvation and misery in some Middle Eastern, Asian and African countries forced millions of people to leave their homelands. Many of these people migrated toward Europe, reaching Hungary as well. The refugee crisis created significant challenges for all national healthcare systems across Europe. Limited attention has been given to the extent to which health service provision for refugees and migrants has become a task for primary health care (PHC), which has been unprepared as a profession and pressured by the enormous workload. Hungarian primary care was involv

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Marcelino, Sara, Samia Hamdane, Pedro D. Gaspar, and Arminda Paço. "Sustainable Agricultural Practices for the Production of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants: Evidence and Recommendations." Sustainability 15, no. 19 (2023): 14095. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su151914095.

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As the demand for medicinal and aromatic plants (MAPs) increases, so does the pressure to intensify production, increasing the risk of overexploitation of these natural resources. Therefore, both consumers and companies must commit to sustainable practices. Since sustainable practices in MAP production are scattered in the literature, this study aims to provide a comprehensive compilation of agricultural practices to improve sustainable performance in productive activities. This study collects recommended practices for cultivation, harvesting, drying, extraction of essential oils, and packagin

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Guzik, Grzegorz Piotr, and Jacek Michalik. "European inter-comparison studies as a tool for perfecting irradiated food detection methods." Nukleonika 66, no. 3 (2021): 91–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/nuka-2021-0013.

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Abstract In this paper, we present the results of inter-comparison studies on identification of irradiated food carried out by the leading European laboratories from 1991 to 2018. In 1990s, the Federal Institute for Health Protection of Consumers and Veterinary Medicine in Germany played the leading role in the organization of the inter-laboratory tests on this subject. At the beginning of the present century, the Spanish Agency for Food Safety and Nutrition and Food National Spanish Centre took over this role. In total, 47 international tests were carried out in which nearly 500 samples of al

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Ahmed, Rashed. "Ensuring Quality Medicine: A Comprehensive Overview of EMA and DGDA's History, Structure, and Functions." RADINKA JOURNAL OF HEALTH SCIENCE 2, no. 2 (2024): 254–66. https://doi.org/10.56778/rjhs.v2i2.362.

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The study highlights the origins of drug regulation, tracing back to the early 19th century in the United States with the establishment of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), and discusses the evolution and significance of drug regulatory bodies worldwide. The EMA and DGDA are scrutinized for their efforts in maintaining high standards for drug approval, monitoring clinical trials, and managing post-marketing surveillance to prevent adverse drug reactions (ADRs). The EMA’s role in coordinating with EU member states on pharmacovigilance and the DGDA’s initiatives in Bangladesh, including th

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Sara, Maria Chalfoun de Souza. "Probable health damage to dogs by intakeing the Bravecto™ Product." International Journal of Environmental & Agriculture Research 3, no. 12 (2017): 49–52. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1188009.

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<em>The product based on fluralaner, brand name Bravecto was launched worldwide in 2014 in the form of a chewable tablet whose action on fleas and ticks lasts around three months. Presented by MSD ANIMAL HEALTH as an innovative product, highly safe, and can be ingested by dogs, including puppies, breeders, pregnant and lactating bitches and Collie dogs. In addition, it is indicated as part of the strategy to control allergic dermatitis and reduce the risk of transmitting fatal diseases transmitted by ticks.  However, after its launch, numerous cases of development of pathologies and

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Adoga, S. O., O. C. Ikese, M. A. Otache, O. G. Igbum, E. Otikwu, and B. O. Ukah. "Assessment Of 2,2-Diclorovinyl Dimethyl Phosphate Content in Selected Phaseolus Vulgaris Samples Sold in Benue State Nigeria." NIGERIAN ANNALS OF PURE AND APPLIED SCIENCES 1 (March 14, 2019): 161–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.46912/napas.41.

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The presence of 2,2-Dichlorovinyl dimethyl phosphate (DDVP), popularly called, dichlorvos, in selected dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) samples was investigated in order to ascertain the levels of the contaminant in dry beans sold locally in Benue State, Nigeria. The samples were analyzed using gas chromatographymassspectrometry after the preparation of internal standard containing a mixture of acetone and diethyl pimelate, and 2,2-dichlorovinyl dimethyl phosphate standard. Dichlorvos was present in samples A, B, C and D at levels 3.0 x 10-5, 2.7 x 10-5, 9.0 x 10-6 and 1.6 x 10-5 μg/mL respective

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AESAN, Sánchez Cuarental Ana, Cámara Hurtado Montaña, Calderón Pascual Vicente, and López Rodríguez Ricardo. "Maximum residue and contaminant limits in food: databases." Revista del Comité Científico de la AESAN, no. 36 (December 1, 2022): 237–59. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8118893.

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*This record is given in both English and Spanish One of the fundamental goals of food law is to ensure a high level of public health protection. In this sense, food may contain different harmful substances or organisms that are naturally present or are incorporated along the food chain, as a result of the production process or as a consequence of environmental contamination. Where the presence of these contaminants or residues poses a risk to the consumer, management measures should be taken, including the establishment of regulations limiting the presence of these contaminants in food to red

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Egan, Bernadette, Heather Gage, Peter Williams, et al. "The effect of diet on the physical and mental development of children: views of parents and teachers in four European countries." British Journal of Nutrition 122, s1 (2016): S31—S39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s000711451500032x.

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AbstractAlthough the impact of diet on physical health is an important public health issue, less attention has been devoted to the relationship between nutrition and children’s mental development. The views of parents and teachers about the extent to which diet affects physical and mental development of children were compared in four European countries. An online questionnaire (developed in English and translated) was circulated through a market research agency. Participants were parents or teachers of children aged 4–10 years without learning or behavioural issues. Questionnaires were returne

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Bianchi, Daniela Manila, Paola Barzanti, Daniela Adriano, et al. "Food Safety Monitoring of Salmonella spp. in Northern Italy 2019–2021." Pathogens 12, no. 7 (2023): 963. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens12070963.

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Salmonella is the second most frequent bacterial pathogen involved in human gastrointestinal outbreaks in the European Union; it can enter the food-production chain from animal or environmental sources or from asymptomatic food operators. European food legislation has established microbiological criteria to ensure consumer protection. Salmonella is listed under both process hygiene criteria and food safety criteria. Each EU member state designates an agency to organize or perform controls and other official activities. This paper describes the official control plans performed by competent auth

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Iwu G. I., Lajide L., Madu P. C., and Ibrahim A. Isah. "Health Risk Assessment of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) from Barbecued Beef and Chicken within Abuja and Environs." Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology 42, no. 44 (2023): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/cjast/2023/v42i444278.

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Aims: Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in heat-treated meat constitute a global risk to human health. This study determined the concentrations of PAHs in commonly consumed barbecued meat (Suya) in Abuja, Nigeria, and evaluated the health dangers related to their intake. Methodology: Analysis was performed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, while health risks were estimated using models proposed by the European Commission, the European Food Safety Authority, and the United States Environmental Protection Agency. Results: The results showed different levels of 13 PAHs

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Osimitz, Thomas G., and Wiebke Droege. "Quaternary ammonium compounds: perspectives on benefits, hazards, and risk." Toxicology Research and Application 5 (January 2021): 239784732110490. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/23978473211049085.

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Quaternary ammonium compounds are antimicrobial chemicals that provide significant public health benefits by controlling bacteria and viruses that cause infections such as colds, flu, and COVID. The benefits of antimicrobial QACs are seen in increased quality-of-life measures, such as reduced time away from work and school and reduced medical costs. As active antimicrobial agents, QACs and QAC-containing consumer and professional products are highly regulated by authorities such as the US Environmental Protection Agency and the European Chemicals Agency. A complete database of guideline safety

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Martin-Fernandez, Judith, Aurelie Affret, Emma Martel, et al. "Realist evaluation of a theory-based life skills programme aiming to prevent addictive behaviours in adolescents: the ERIEAS study protocol." BMJ Open 10, no. 6 (2020): e034530. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-034530.

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IntroductionAdolescence is a sensitive life stage during which tobacco, alcohol and cannabis are used as ways to learn and adopt roles. There is a great deal of interest in substance use (SU) prevention programmes for young people that work to change representations of these products and help with mobilisation of life skills. Unfortunately, few existing programmes are evidence-based.In France, a programme called Expériences Animées (EA, Animated Experiences) has been developed, inspired by life skills development programmes that have been proven to be successful. The EA programme uses animated

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Pouillot, Régis, Andreas Kiermeier, Laurent Guillier, Vasco Cadavez, and Moez Sanaa. "Updated Parameters for Listeria monocytogenes Dose–Response Model Considering Pathogen Virulence and Age and Sex of Consumer." Foods 13, no. 5 (2024): 751. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods13050751.

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Better knowledge regarding the Listeria monocytogenes dose–response (DR) model is needed to refine the assessment of the risk of foodborne listeriosis. In 2018, the European Food Safety Agency (EFSA) derived a lognormal Poisson DR model for 14 different age–sex sub-groups, marginally to strain virulence. In the present study, new sets of parameters are developed by integrating the EFSA model for these sub-groups together with three classes of strain virulence characteristics (“less virulent”, “virulent”, and “more virulent”). Considering classes of virulence leads to estimated relative risks (

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Chakaldziyan, Mikael. "THE NORMATIVE REGULATION OF MEDICAL DEVICES – A GUARANTOR FOR THE PROTECTION OF PATIENTS’ RIGHTS AS USERS OF HEALTH SERVICES IN THE REPUBLIC OF BULGARIA." Knowledge International Journal 34, no. 5 (2019): 1567–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.35120/kij34051567c.

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Health is envisaged as a right of the citizens both in the Constitution of the Republic of Bulgaria and in the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union. Healthcare is subject to regulation by a number of secondary European legislation acts as well as by acts of our domestic legislation. The overall state policy on health care provision and development constitutes a complex set of diverse activities. Its quality is largely the result of strict and good-faith implementation of the normative regulations, addressing both public authorities and individuals. Exercising preventive medical proc

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Rodrigues, Júlia, Cristina Saraiva, Juan García-Díez, José Castro, and Alexandra Esteves. "Evaluating the Effectiveness of Food Safety Policies in Portugal: A Stakeholder-Based Analysis of Challenges and Opportunities for Food Safety Governance." Foods 14, no. 9 (2025): 1534. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods14091534.

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Food safety is a fundamental component of public health, economic stability, and consumer confidence. In Portugal, the National Integrated Multiannual Control Plan (NIMCP) serves as a strategic framework for ensuring food safety and compliance with European Union food regulations. However, challenges persist in policy implementation and enforcement, as well as in stakeholder engagement, which impact the effectiveness of food safety governance. This study employs a mixed-methods approach to assess stakeholder perceptions of the NIMCP, focusing on levels of compliance, barriers to its implementa

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Chiffoleau, Yuna, and Tara Dourian. "Sustainable Food Supply Chains: Is Shortening the Answer? A Literature Review for a Research and Innovation Agenda." Sustainability 12, no. 23 (2020): 9831. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12239831.

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Short food supply chains (SFSCs) are increasingly garnering attention in food systems research, owing to their rising popularity among consumers, producers and policy-makers in the last few decades. Written with the aim to identify research gaps for the Horizon Europe research and innovation programme, this literature review provides a state of play of the definition and characterisation of SFSCs, and of their sustainability. Drawing on hypotheses about SFSC sustainability elaborated in an expert network in France, this review summarises a wide range of papers from various disciplines in the S

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Shilov, Viktor V., O. L. Markova, and A. V. Kuznetsov. "BIOMONITORING OF INFLUENCE OF HARMFUL CHEMICALS ON THE BASIS OF THE MODERN BIOMARKERS. LITERATURE REVIEW." Hygiene and sanitation 98, no. 6 (2019): 591–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.18821/0016-9900-2019-98-6-591-596.

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Health risk assessment for the general population and industrial workers is most commonly based on analysis related to the determination of harmful chemicals in environmental objects (air, water, soil, food). An increasing number of experts have recently been inclined to believe an approach to give no an idea of the total amount of chemical pollutants actually entering the human body, and another approach based on the biomonitoring procedure has been suggested. The aim of the work was to systematize current concepts about the classification of biomarkers, their toxicological and hygienic chara

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Lahl, Uwe, and Barbara Zeschmar-Lahl. "More Than 30 Years of PVC Recycling—Need for Regulation." Sustainability 16, no. 12 (2024): 4891. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su16124891.

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Building on our “Critical Inventory”, we analyse the need for the regulation of PVC plastics in the EU and its member states. To this end, we checked the three phases of the life cycle of PVC plastics: production, use and end-of-life. In the production phase, we focus on the economic relationships between PVC and chlor-alkali electrolysis, in particular, the dependence on the chlorine market and PVC sales. For the use phase, the health and environmental risks posed by many PVC additives are particularly relevant. The European Chemicals Agency (ECHA) has submitted well-founded proposals for the

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Singer, D. R. J., I. Silva, and Mavris. "Medicines Communications Using Digital Media: Findings from a Survey of Member Organisations of the European Medicines Agency’s Patients and Consumers and Health Professionals Working Parties (PCWP and HCPWP)." Clinical Therapeutics 39, no. 8 (2017): e9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clinthera.2017.05.029.

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Alonso, María Luz, Oskar González, and Rosa María Alonso. "Optimization and Validation of HS-GC/MS Method for the Controlled Release Study of Microencapsulated Specific Bioattractants for Target-Plaguicide Production." Molecules 26, no. 4 (2021): 996. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26040996.

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Insect plagues are a problem often hard to solve due to the harmful effects caused by the pesticides used to combat them. Consequently, the pesticide market is increasingly trying to develop new technologies to prevent the unwanted effects that common plague treatments usually bring with them. In this work, four specific bioattractants of Musca domestica, extracted from fungi (β-ocimene, phenol, p-cresol, and indole) were microencapsulated with β-cyclodextrin in order to produce an economically and environmentally sustainable bait containing biocides in the near future. Cyclodextrins will reta

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AESAN, Scientific Committee. "Report of the Scientific Committee of the Spanish Agency for Food Safety and Nutrition (AESAN) on the risk assessment of inadequate intake of antioxidant minerals (metals) in food supplements that can lead to prooxidant effects: copper, manganese, selenium and zinc." Revista del Comité Científico de la AESAN, no. 36 (June 29, 2022): 85–111. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7727890.

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*This record is given in both English and Spanish The term antioxidant generally refers to the property of some substances to prevent oxidative da mage. Oxidative stress is one of the etiopathogenic mechanisms of a large number of pathologies with high prevalence in our society, and numerous studies have been directed in recent years to demonstrate the beneficial properties of the intake of compounds with antioxidant potential, promoting and encouraging their consumption. Therefore, consumer interest in the use of substances with antioxidant properties and the supply of foods and food suppleme

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Deng, Yuhao, and Xiao-Hua Zhou. "Methods to control the empirical type I error rate in average bioequivalence tests for highly variable drugs." Statistical Methods in Medical Research 29, no. 6 (2019): 1650–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0962280219871589.

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Average bioequivalence tests are used in clinical trials to determine whether a generic drug has the same effect as an original drug in the population. For highly variable drugs whose intra-subject variances of direct drug effects are high, extra criteria are needed in bioequivalence studies. Currently used average bioequivalence tests for highly variable drugs recommended by the European Medicines Agency and the US Food and Drug Administration use sample estimators in the null hypotheses of interest. They cannot control the empirical type I error rate, so the consumer's risk is higher than th

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Ting, Keh-Chuh, Modan Gill, and Orlando Garbin. "GC/MS Screening Method for Phthalate Esters in Children's Toys." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 92, no. 3 (2009): 951–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/92.3.951.

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Abstract Phthalate esters are commonly added into polyvinyl chloride (PVC) as softeners to make the plastic material flexible. Phthalates are suspected cancer-causing agents and possible teratogens; they have been linked to liver and kidney damage, as well as the underdevelopment of reproductive organs in humans and animals. Public safety concerns about human exposure to phthalates are on the rise because they do not chemically bond to PVC and leach from the material over time. Following the lead of the European Union and Japan in restricting the use of certain phthalates, a legal limit of 0.1

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Malik, Rashi, and Sharvil Patil. "Nanotechnology: Regulatory Outlook on Nanomaterials and Nanomedicines in United States, Europe and India." Applied Clinical Research, Clinical Trials and Regulatory Affairs 7, no. 3 (2020): 225–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/2213476x06666191129094236.

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Background: The outlook on “Nano-materials, products, medicine and technology” lacks a consensus on the definition to be considered by regulatory bodies all over the world. Engineered nanoparticles, the formulated products containing nanomaterials, are not subject to any precise regulation pertaining to production, handling and labeling till now. Also, nano medicines holding an immense potential involved in treatment and diagnosis with emerging research, yet, lag behind with unnoticed concerns regarding their safety and toxicity. Therefore, a regulatory framework focused on specific guidelines

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Wu, Jing, Klaus Fuchs, Jie Lian, et al. "Estimating Dietary Intake from Grocery Shopping Data—A Comparative Validation of Relevant Indicators in Switzerland." Nutrients 14, no. 1 (2021): 159. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu14010159.

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In light of the globally increasing prevalence of diet-related chronic diseases, new scalable and non-invasive dietary monitoring techniques are urgently needed. Automatically collected digital receipts from loyalty cards hereby promise to serve as an objective and automatically traceable digital marker for individual food choice behavior and do not require users to manually log individual meal items. With the introduction of the General Data Privacy Regulation in the European Union, millions of consumers gained the right to access their shopping data in a machine-readable form, representing a

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Shoushtarian, Farshid, and Masoud Negahban-Azar. "Worldwide Regulations and Guidelines for Agricultural Water Reuse: A Critical Review." Water 12, no. 4 (2020): 971. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12040971.

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Water reuse is gaining momentum as a beneficial practice to address the water crisis, especially in the agricultural sector as the largest water consumer worldwide. With recent advancements in wastewater treatment technologies, it is possible to produce almost any water quality. However, the main human and environmental concerns are still to determine what constituents must be removed and to what extent. The main objectives of this study were to compile, evaluate, and compare the current agricultural water reuse regulations and guidelines worldwide, and identify the gaps. In total, 70 regulati

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Schorb, Sydney, Katharina Gleiss, Roland Wedekind, et al. "Assessment of Aspartame (E951) Occurrence in Selected Foods and Beverages on the German Market 2000–2022." Foods 12, no. 11 (2023): 2156. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods12112156.

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This study examines the occurrence of the artificial sweetener aspartame (E951) in foods and beverages sampled by food control authorities in Germany between 2000 and 2022. The dataset was obtained through the Consumer Information Act. Out of 53,116 samples analyzed, aspartame was present in 7331 samples (14%), of which 5703 samples (11%) in nine major food groups were further evaluated. The results showed that aspartame was most commonly found in powdered drink bases (84%), flavored milk drinks (78%), chewing gum (77%), and diet soft drinks (72%). In the solid food groups, the highest mean as

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Płusa, Tadeusz. "The European Medicines Agency." Journal of Health Policy & Outcomes Research, no. 1 (March 1, 2012): 2–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.7365/jhpor.2012.1.1.

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The European Medicines Agency (EMA) is a decentralised body of the European Union, located in London (figure 1 and 2). Its main responsibility is the protection and promotion of public and animal health, through the evaluation and supervision of medicines for human and veterinary use.

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Rogers, Arthur. "European Parliament considers case for European public-health agency." Lancet 358, no. 9299 (2001): 2138. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(01)07241-5.

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Pardeshi, Nidhi, Vijay Satapara, and Kajal Patel. "Nitrosamine Contamination in Pharmaceuticals: Regulatory Perspectives and Control Strategies of USFDA, EMA & HC." International Journal of Drug Regulatory Affairs 12, no. 1 (2024): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/ijdra.v12i1.624.

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Various regulatory authorities were notified the presence of nitrosamine impurities in human medicines including angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs), ranitidine, nizatidine and metformin in 2018. The presence of nitrosamines led manufacturers to assessed their products by any means that might inadvertently lead to nitrosamine content and taking steps to mitigate these risks after issuance of safety alerts, recall and withdraw certain batches of these drugs. Importantly, global cooperation by regulatory authorities triggered the investigation of synthetic route, rapid development of analyti

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Jung, Jeah Kyoungrae, Bingxiao Wu, Hyunjee Kim, and Daniel Polsky. "The Effect of Publicized Quality Information on Home Health Agency Choice." Medical Care Research and Review 73, no. 6 (2016): 703–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1077558715623718.

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We examine consumers’ use of publicized quality information in Medicare home health care markets, where consumer cost sharing and travel costs are absent. We report two findings. First, agencies with high quality scores are more likely to be preferred by consumers after the introduction of a public reporting program than before. Second, consumers’ use of publicized quality information differs by patient group. Community-based patients have slightly larger responses to public reporting than hospital-discharged patients. Patients with functional limitations at the start of their care, at least a

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Dowd, Bryan E. "Coordinated Agency Versus Autonomous Consumers In Health Services Markets." Health Affairs 24, no. 6 (2005): 1501–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.24.6.1501.

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Galhardo, J., N. Davis, S. Matthai, and J. P. Shield. "European Medicines Agency withdrawal for sibutramine." Archives of Disease in Childhood 95, no. 10 (2010): 856. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/adc.2010.190959.

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