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Relevant bibliographies by topics / European Economic Community countries - Commercial policy

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Academic literature on the topic 'European Economic Community countries - Commercial policy'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "European Economic Community countries - Commercial policy"

1

PĂUN, Nicolae. "The EEC and Comecon: A Difficult Relationship, 1960-1974." Journal of European Integration History 26, no. 1 (2020): 127–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/0947-9511-2020-1-127.

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The degree of economic integration attained within Comecon never came close to the one fostered by the policies within the European Economic Community, notably the Common Commercial Policy. Moreover, the relations between the two entities were hindered by the fact that the Moscow-driven bloc fell short of granting recognition to the EEC, with trade relations being organized in the form of bilateral agreements between countries from both sides of the Iron Curtain, until the mid-1970s. This study chiefly relies on Romanian archives, which demonstrate the specific interests of socialist countries

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Nacewska-Twardowska, Aleksandra. "Regionalism and multilateralism in trade policy of the European Union." Equilibrium 4, no. 1 (2010): 153–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/equil.2010.012.

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Foreign trade is one of the main expressions of international cooperation in the world, which indicates the specific location of trade policy in the policy of the countries or organizations. The history of trade shows the existence of two opposite trade coordinating practices: regional and multilateral. In the post-war history, there can be seen the coexistence of both trends. An excellent example of this is the European Union, where both practice of coordination the trade policy unite. On the one hand, the Community is in itself an exception to the principle of trade liberalization on a multi

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Gotsova, Boryana. "The Gordian Knot of European Union Competence: Commercial Aspects of Intellectual Property After the Judgment in Case C-414/11Daiichi Sankyo." German Law Journal 15, no. 3 (2014): 511–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2071832200019027.

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The division of external competences between the European Union and the Member States is a long-standing object of contention for constitutional and practical reasons. The competence to negotiate and conclude international agreements in a given area has as many highly political implications as concrete policy-making ones. This tension is well illustrated by the field of the commercial aspects of intellectual property. Community, and later Union, competence over this area was established only gradually. After multiple Treaty revisions and legal disputes over competence, the Treaty of Lisbon now

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BAGRAM, MUHAMMAD MAJID MAHMOOD, AKBAR ABBAS BANGASH, and ZARA KIRAN. "Aspects of Corporate Governance in Developing Countries." International Review of Management and Business Research 10, no. 1 (2021): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.30543/10-1(2021)-1.

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This research article throws light on the impacts of Corporate Governance in the developing countries particularly to Pakistan, Mexico, Brazil and Bangladesh. The paper starts with discussions on how and when there is an alteration in different features of company administration during the practice of financial advancing in Mexico. It encompasses ultimately the impact of transforms in the replica of business control regarding the expansion of the state e.g. enlargement in purchaser commodities in favour of central group buyers, growth revelation through home firms, fewer help in favour of comm

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Sherman, Richard L. "{BLR 1142} Commercial Partnering - European Economic Community." Biotechnology Law Report 10, no. 2 (1991): 97–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/blr.1991.10.97.

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Alfiyah, Nur Inna, and Very Andrianingsih. "DAMPAK KRISIS EKONOMI YUNANI TERHADAP EUROPEAN ECONOMIC COMMUNITY (EEC)." PERFORMANCE: Jurnal Bisnis & Akuntansi 11, no. 1 (2021): 55–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.24929/feb.v11i1.1318.

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Globalization is a phenomenon that cannot be separated from human life, where all international structures and orders change. Easy access to information, technology and the exchange of goods, services and ideology make globalization a very important part. Changing the structure and economic, political and social order at this time requires existing countries to adapt to all changes brought about by globalization. The birth of non-state actors in globalization then brought about its own changes, especially in the economic field. This study aims to explain how the impact of the Greek economic cr

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CZECH, Mirosław. "PAN – EUROPEAN TRANSPORT CORRIDORS IN THE POLICY OF THE EUROPEAN UNION." Scientific Journal of Silesian University of Technology. Series Transport 112 (September 1, 2021): 51–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.20858/sjsutst.2021.112.4.

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The issue of organising efficient transport within Europe is one of the areas of a common policy of the European Union, shaped for over 30 years. Poland has been participating in this creative process since May 1, 2004. The intensity of the development of transport and the economy of individual countries that do not only belong to the Community but also have a significant impact on changes in the European Union's transport policy aimed at improving the course of pan-European transport corridors. In parallel with the creation of an effective European transport network, the rapid economic develo

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CZECH, Mirosław. "Pan-European transport corridors in the policy of the European Union." Inżynieria Bezpieczeństwa Obiektów Antropogenicznych, no. 1 (March 31, 2021): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.37105/iboa.100.

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The issue of organizing efficient transport with in Europe is one of the areas of the common policy of the European Union, shaped for over 30 years. Poland has been participating in this creative processsince May 1, 2004. The intensity of the development of transport and economy of individual countries that do not only belong to the Community has a significant impact on changes in the European Union's transport policy aimedatimproving the course of pan-European transport corridors. In parallel with the creation of an effective European transport network, the rapid economic development of the r

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McMahon, Joseph A. "International Agricultural Trade Reform and Developing Countries: The Case of the European Community." International and Comparative Law Quarterly 47, no. 3 (1998): 632–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020589300062205.

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We are all aware that agriculture is important to developing countries as a source of income, employment and export earnings. To a far greater extent than in the OECD countries, agriculture it central to the economic performance of developing countries and the livelihood of their inhabitants. Rural societies in developing countries are directly dependent on the agricultural sector and urban dwellers rely on agriculture to provide food security and sustainable economic growth. Furthermore, many developing countries heavily rely on the export earnings or are highly dependent on food imports. Giv

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Schaad, Martin. "Plan G – A ‘Counterblast’? British Policy towards the Messina Countries, 1956." Contemporary European History 7, no. 01 (1998): 39–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0960777300004756.

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As the new Labour government has declared its intention to enhance Britain's role in Europe, there is renewed interest in the chequered history of Anglo-European relations. Of particular relevance in view of the present policy reappraisal is the period between 1955 and 1963, as the challenge here is to account for perhaps the most fundamental policy reversal: from Britain's refusal to take part in the common market project launched by the six member countries of the European Coal and Steel Community(ECSC) at the Messina conference to Prime Minister Harold Macmillan's effort to negotiate entry

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "European Economic Community countries - Commercial policy"

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Notaro, Nicola. "Judicial approaches to trade and environment : the EC and the WTO /." London : Cameron May, 2003. http://lib.hku.hk/hkspc/wto/index.html.

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Yi, Seong-Deog. "Legal aspects of the common commercial policy of the European Economic Community under the GATT regime." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.357376.

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Ifestos, Panayiotis J. "Some aspects of external relations and foreign policy of the European Community: European political cooperation and defense / security issues." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/213536.

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Papandropoulos, Sylvie-Pénélope. "Issues in european competition policy: lobbying, reputation and R&D co-operation." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/211988.

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Bertelsmann-Scott, Talitha. "The SA-EU trade, development and co-operation agreement : democratising South Africa's trade policy." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/52573.

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Thesis (MA)--University of Stellenbosch, 2001.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This thesis examines the democratisation of South Africa's foreign trade policy, by evaluating the negotiations surrounding the establishment of a free trade area between South Africa and the European Union (EU). Democracy here is defined as a form of government that rests on three components namely, public participation in and public debate over policy formulation and a governing elite that is responsive to the needs of the majority of the population. The thesis firstly outlines the process of negotiation itself, look

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Fox, Timothy William. "Euros, pounds and Albion at arms: European monetary policy and British defense in the 21st century." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2004. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion/04Sep%5FFox.pdf.

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Gobin, Corinne. "Consultation et concertation sociales à l'échelle de la Communauté économique européenne: étude des positions et stratégies de la Confédération européenne des syndicats, 1958-1991." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/212339.

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Gordon, H. William (Harold William). "Trade Negotiations in Agriculture: A Comparative Study of the U.S. and the EC." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1994. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc935682/.

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This study applies Destler's institutional counterweights to Putnam's two-level analysis, substituting Liberal Institutionalism and Realism for internationalism and isolationism, in a comparative case study of the roles played by the U.S. and the EC in multilateral trade negotiations in agriculture under the aegis of the General Agreement for Tariffs and Trade during the first half of the Uruguay Round. Using game theory as an analytical tool in the process, this present study demonstrates that a clear pattern emerges in which stages of cooperation and deadlock can be easily anticipated in gam

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Belebema, Michael Nguatem. "The incorporation of competition policy in the New Economic Partnership Agreement and its impact on regional integration in the Central African sub-region (CEMAC)." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2010. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_9186_1307086015.

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<p>The Central African Monetary and Economic Community, known by its French acronym CEMAC (Communaut&eacute<br>Economique et Mon&eacute<br>taire de l&rsquo<br>Afrique Centrale), is one of the oldest regional economic blocs in the African, Caribbean and Pacific (ACP) group of states. Its membership comprises of Cameroon, the Central African Republic, Chad, the Republic of Congo, Equatorial Guinea, and Gabon. It has a population of over 32 million inhabitants in a three million (3 million) square kilometre expanse of land. The changes in the world economy, and especially between the ACP countrie

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"Invloed van die Europese Gemeenskap op die buitelandse handel van Suid-Afrika." Thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10210/13214.

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Books on the topic "European Economic Community countries - Commercial policy"

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Nölling, Wilhelm. Fortress Europe?: The external trade policy of the European Communities : response to the challenge of 1992 : in honour of Helmut Schmidt's 70th birthday. W. Nölling, 1988.

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Hallett, Andrew Hughes. The impact of EC-92 on developing countries' trade: A dissenting view. International Economics Dept., World Bank, 1992.

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3

Kalinichenko, P. A. Stolknovenie i vzaimodeĭstvie integrat︠s︡ionnykh prostranstv v torgovle: Antidempingovoe pravo i praktika ES v otnoshenii︠a︡kh s Rossieĭ i drugimi stranami EvrAzĖS : MONOGRAFII︠A︡. Rossiĭskiĭ novyĭ universitet, 2011.

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4

Nester, William R. European power and the Japanese challenge. New York University Press, 1993.

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Competition policy and merger control in the single European market. Grotius Publications, 1991.

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6

Galis, Lelia. Europe 1992: Opportunities and challenges for New York State companies : a synopsis. New York State Dept. of Economic Development, European Office, 1991.

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7

Handelspolitik versus Entwicklungspolitik: Vergleich der Präferenzgewährung der Europäischen Union und Österreichs. P. Lang, 1995.

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8

1946-, Page Sheila, and Overseas Development Institute, eds. Europe: 1992 and the developing world. Overseas Development Institute, 1991.

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Davenport, Michael. Europe: 1992 and the developing world. Westview Press, 1991.

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10

Assessing prospective trade policy: Methods applied to EU-ACP economic partnership agreements. Routledge, 2011.

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Book chapters on the topic "European Economic Community countries - Commercial policy"

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Pomfret, Richard. "Economic Relations between the European Community and Mediterranean Countries." In Mediterranean Policy of the European Community. Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-07978-0_2.

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Bisignano, Joseph. "Banking in the European Economic Community: Structure, Competition, and Public Policy." In Banking Structures in Major Countries. Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2946-6_4.

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Martenczuk, Bernd. "Cooperation with Developing and Other Third Countries: Elements of a Community Foreign Policy." In External Economic Relations and Foreign Policy in the European Union. Springer Vienna, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-6156-2_12.

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Kur, Annette, and Martin Senftleben. "The European Trade Mark System." In European Trade Mark Law. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199680443.003.0004.

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Before the harmonization of trade mark law in the EU, the legal traditions in the Member States of the European Economic Community were divided into common law systems and civil law systems, with certain differences also prevailing between the latter. In all countries alike, the original objective underlying the protection of commercial signs had been to indicate property of goods offered in the marketplace or to enable national authorities to control the quality, kind, or amount of production. In the age of industrialization, the concept developed into the notion of signs indicating origin of goods stemming from private enterprises, with the accent being placed on different aspects of that concept. In civil law countries, the emphasis lay on indicating that a particular business had ‘ownership’ of a sign. Thus, the legislature saw its foremost task in establishing a secure and transparent system for the acquisition and maintenance of ownership, and offering trade mark owners the legal means necessary for defending the mark against illicit use by unauthorized others. In common law, the accent lay on the prevention of passing off, which was considered a task in the public interest rather than serving private commercial aims. In contrast to continental civil law, creating a public register and admitting private claims against infringement were not tantamount to acknowledging a proprietary right in trade marks. Instead, these measures were taken to efficiently support the public policy objectives underlying trade mark law.

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Scott, Norman. "THE COMMERCIAL POLICY OF THE EUROPEAN ECONOMIC COMMUNITY (EEC)." In National Trade Policies. Elsevier, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-444-89300-0.50007-6.

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Terhechte, Jörg Philipp. "Common Commercial Policy and External Trade." In Specialized Administrative Law of the European Union. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198787433.003.0004.

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As a supranational community of states with an internal market, the European Economic Community (EEC) was always designated to administer the external trade relations of its Member States. According to this, the EEC contained special provisions on the Common Commercial Policy (CCP) and other rules governing external trade, which were, after an initial period, continuously enforced. Against this historic background, the administrative dimensions of CCP and other EU rules governing external trade constitute a field in which the European institutions and the Member States have gained ‘administrative experience’ for more than fifty years. For this reason, it is not surprising that this part of EU law also played an important role in the emergence of ‘European administrative law’ in the late 1980s. The rules governing the CCP and other facets of external trade are still of major interest when it comes to the analysis of the administrative structures of the European policy sectors.

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Dulik, Tomas, Michal Bliznak, and Roman Jasek. "Best Practices in Designing Low-Cost Community Wireless Networks." In Social and Economic Effects of Community Wireless Networks and Infrastructures. IGI Global, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-2997-4.ch012.

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The Czech Republic (CR) has been ranked the 1st among the countries of the European Union (EU) countries in the growth rate of broadband access. The Internet penetration rate has increased by 48 percent between 2005 and 2011. This high growth rate is driven by the entry of new operators and the proliferation of Community Wireless Networks (CWNs). The CR holds the first place in EU in the number of newly entered operators. There are 1150 companies providing Internet access in 601 Czech towns and 5645 villages. In addition, a number of community wireless networks have emerged as an alternative of these commercial Internet Service Providers (ISPs). Their main purpose is to increase the affordability and penetration of broadband Internet in the country. This chapter discusses the contribution of CWNs to the proliferation and affordability of broadband access in the CR, focusing on the reasons for their success and popularity. Their key success factors include obtaining a non-profit status, engaging academics, and cooperating with government entities. They formed the CZFree.net forum for experts and volunteers to exchange information and best practices with respect to new technologies, design considerations, and technical and social issues. It also articulates on technology options and best practices for building low-cost CWNs. Furthermore, the chapter discusses the role of the Netural czFree eXchange association in aggregating their technical, financial, and personal resources of individual CWNs. Thanks to this association and the CZFree.net forum, CWNs in the CR have become influential competitors in the local telecommunication industry.

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Bulmer, Simon, Owen Parker, Ian Bache, Stephen George, and Charlotte Burns. "24. Trade and Development Aid." In Politics in the European Union. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/hepl/9780198820635.003.0024.

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This chapter examines the European Union’s (EU’s) external trade relations in the context of the wider framework of global trade agreements, along with its related policies on development aid, particularly with the African, Caribbean, and Pacific (ACP) states. It first looks at the history of the EU’s trade and development aid, before discussing its contemporary external trade and development policies. It explains the workings of the common commercial policy, considers disputes within the World Trade Organization (WTO), especially with the United States, and explores the EU’s trading relationship with developing countries and near neighbours in the context of the European Neighbourhood Policy (ENP). It then considers theoretical explanations of the EU’s external trade and development aid policies, as well as criticisms of such policies. Analysis of the EU’s external economic relations brings to the fore a number of theoretical themes, such as the tension between nationalism and supranationalism, the complexities of bargaining within multiple international forums, and the dominance of particular ideas across different forums.

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Shaffer, Gwen. "Lessons Learned from Grassroots Wireless Networks in Europe." In Social and Economic Effects of Community Wireless Networks and Infrastructures. IGI Global, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-2997-4.ch013.

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Grassroots groups in a number of European countries are building Community Wireless Networks (CWN) on small budgets. In underserved regions, CWNs are even surfacing as the principal Internet Service Providers (ISPs). These networks have identified and implemented innovative strategies for providing connectivity—encompassing aspects ranging from software development to infrastructure design and skills training. In other words, these grassroots Wi-Fi networks mobilize human, technical, and financial resources to create sustainable alternatives to telephone and cable companies. This chapter provides an understanding of both the strengths and weaknesses of these initiatives. The authors use data from action research and interviews with leaders and participants of six successful community Wi-Fi networks in Europe. The findings show that these ad hoc initiatives are forcing local incumbent ISPs to lower prices and alter terms of service agreements. In addition, these projects broaden the public sphere, create opportunities for civic engagement, and transfer knowledge among community members. The chapter suggests that community wireless networks should be fostered by governments and the European Union in order for them to function as true alternatives to conventional ISPs, particularly in the last mile. They conclude the chapter with key learned lessons and policy implications.

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Zastavetska, Lesia, and Nataliia Taranova. "THE ROLE OF GEOGRAPHY IN THE EXERCISE OF FOREIGN POLICY AND DIPLOMACY." In European vector of development of the modern scientific researches. Publishing House “Baltija Publishing”, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/978-9934-26-077-3-4.

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One of the most promising areas of modern science is geopolitics, which determines the main trends of today's social life. The research pays detailed attention to the theoretical aspects of the development of geopolitics as an important area of modern social geography. The main geopolitical trends of the twentieth century and the brightest representatives of each of them are described. The purpose of this study is to systematize the existing geopolitical schools and demonstrate the peculiarities of the formation of each of them. Geopolitics has existed since the existence of states. Whether small or large, states are always worried about their borders, while others express a desire to expand to countries with which they border. But beyond the natural and demarcated borders of each country, there are other geographical factors that favor or discourage the development of a country into a Great Power. It seems, therefore, that over the centuries geography has been a common denominator in shaping the foreign policy of states, the implementation of a geostrategic and geo-economic policy in order to maintain or increase their power at regional or international level. Although geopolitics has at times been condemned and rejected by the scientific community, it is clearly demonstrated that it is one of the most important factors in shaping the foreign policy of all states, regardless of whether they are characterized as Great Powers or not. The difference between the less powerful states and the Great Powers is that the latter have the ability and the opportunity to formulate their foreign policy and to advance their national interests, while the less powerful states simply endure the effects of these politics. Geopolitics is defined by many manuals and dictionaries of geography as a field of knowledge, which considers the concept of «space» important for understanding the nature of international relations. Understood mainly as «the geography of power» and having from time to time received various slightly different interpretations, geopolitics involves the following stable core of interpretation: it is the study of the interaction of natural geographical division and human purpose with cultural construction ensuring the economic and the military condominium a force on a particular area of the globe.

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Conference papers on the topic "European Economic Community countries - Commercial policy"

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İncekara, Ahmet, and Burcu Kılınç Savrul. "Regional Development Policies of the European Union: An Evaluation in the Framework of Structural Funds and Other Financial Instruments." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c02.00307.

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Regional policy of the European Union (EU) is implemented in order to improve welfare and quality of life in specific regions of EU member countries, minimize inter-regional income differences and restructure less developed industrial areas. regions of the EU countries has urban and regional development differences in themselves. Regional policies have gained importance in the process of EU enlargement. Increases regional disparities has been observed to occur with the first expansion. Although the tools that the Community could use for regional inequality were initially limited, they began to

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Diril, Funda. "Comparison of Fiscal Reforms in Some South and East European Transition Economies." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c05.01014.

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The aim of this paper is to compare fiscal reforms of some of the transition economies in Balkans including The Republic of Macedonia. Since 1990’s former planned economies, which are in the process of economic transformation into market economy have carried out several reforms. During this economic transformation process both the effects and the results of these reforms vary according to the difference between the needs of structural change in each country. In this study, some of the selected transition economies in Balkans are analyzed: Some of the recent members of European Community in Bal

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Ozolina, Velga, and Astra Auzina-Emsina. "Macroeconometric Input-Output Model For Transport Sector Analysis." In 35th ECMS International Conference on Modelling and Simulation. ECMS, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.7148/2021-0082.

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Effective government transport policy can be based only on realistic data, sophisticated and detailed transport sector analysis, and productive modelling. The aim of the paper is to demonstrate the main elements used to develop a relatively small macro-economic input-output model with the emphasis on transport for one European Union (EU) country. Transport sector faces similar problems in various countries linked with emissions, transport flows, road accidents and other issues hence appropriate modelling tool should be selected. The model presented in this article consists of econometric and i

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Reports on the topic "European Economic Community countries - Commercial policy"

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The cassava seed system in Nigeria: Opportunities and challenges for policy and regulatory reform. International Potato Center, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4160/23096586rtbwp20202.

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In many African countries south of the Sahara, farmers depend on the cultivation of vegetatively propagated crops (VPCs) for both consumption and commercial purposes. Yet yields for these crops remain at low levels due, in part, to the persistent use of low-quality planting material. Efforts to improve the quality of planting material exchanged in markets or through other channels are often hampered by the unique biological and economic characteristics of vegetative propagation—characteristics that distinguish VPCs from the major cereal crops that drive and shape the policy and investment choi

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