Relevant bibliographies by topics / European Patent Office

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'European Patent Office'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 3 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "European Patent Office"

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Melvin, Thomas C. "European Patent Office." Journal of Business & Finance Librarianship 8, no. 1 (February 2002): 55–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j109v08n01_06.

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Giroud, Gérard. "The European Patent Office and its patent information policy." Electronic Library 9, no. 6 (June 1991): 329–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eb045095.

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Verbandt, Yves, and Els Vadot. "Non-patent literature search at the European Patent Office." World Patent Information 54 (September 2018): S72—S77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wpi.2017.07.001.

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Stancliffe, Terence C. "{BLR 1849} Biotechnology Patent Directive - EC - European Patent Office." Biotechnology Law Report 13, no. 5 (September 1994): 628–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/blr.1994.13.628.

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Von Belvard, Peter Revy. "The European Patent Office on the way to the patent office of Europe." Technology, Law and Insurance 2, no. 4 (December 1997): 165–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/135993797349722.

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Feinäugle, Roland. "Distance learning from the European Patent Office." World Patent Information 28, no. 1 (March 2006): 63–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wpi.2005.07.012.

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Schryvers, H. J. "Online searching at the European patent office." World Patent Information 7, no. 1-2 (January 1985): 139–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0172-2190(85)90044-4.

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Newton, David. "European Patent Office PATLIB 2010, Dresden, Germany." World Patent Information 33, no. 1 (March 2011): 86–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wpi.2010.09.004.

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Demey, Yan Tang, and Domenico Golzio. "Search strategies at the European Patent Office." World Patent Information 63 (December 2020): 101989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wpi.2020.101989.

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Powell, Stephen. "European Patent Office – the first 10 years." Physics Bulletin 38, no. 9 (September 1987): 325. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0031-9112/38/9/010.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "European Patent Office"

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Babjaková, Natália. "Podmínky patentovatelnosti vynálezu v právu vybraných zemí a v mezinárodním právu." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-85781.

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Thesis deals with the patentability of an invention in terms of the law of selected countries and international law. The theoretical part contains a general introduction of patent law, its principles and differences in regulation in selected legal systems. Further analysis is focused on the regulation of conditions of patentability, namely novelty, in European law. The practical part contains an analysis of the decisions of the European Patent Office and the Industrial Property Office of the Czech Republic in selected areas of assessing the novelty of the invention. On the ground of the previous decisions will be identified the issues which are the most frequent subjects of disputes; will be pointed out the controversial decisions and will be identified the key criteria on the basis of which should be in similar disputes in the future decided.
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Warchalová, Kamila. "Európsky patent s jednotným účinkom a dopad na žiadateľa o patent a jeho konkurentov." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-193686.

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This diploma thesis is dedicated to the European patent with unitary effect and reviews effects of the approval of the unitary patent package for clarity, time demands and financial aspects of patent protection. The thesis also deals in detail with assessment of changes in the language question in connection with the regulation of translation or in the event of a dispute concerning a European patent with unitary effect. It further assess changes resulting from the ratification of the Agreement on a Unified Patent Court and its impact on financial costs and time demands of patent litigation for the patent applicant. In the practical part the author conducts a party interested in unitary patent protection through the process, procedure for filing and communication with Industrial Property Office and the European Patent Office, from the filing of a application for a Unitary patent until the grant of a Unitary patent.
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Pham, Ngoc Thanh Tam. "L'offre des soins médicaux dans l'Union Européenne." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014REN1G019.

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Les Etats membres de l’Union européenne sont confrontés à des défis communs de l’offre de soins dont le vieillissement de la population, le déséquilibre entre l’offre et la demande de soins, l’augmentation des coûts des nouvelles technologies médicales. La mobilité des médecins peut être envisagée comme une réponse à ces défis, dans le cadre du droit de libre circulation des travailleurs de l’Union européenne. La thèse étudie la validité de ces réponses à partir d’une typologie des pays qui représente des systèmes de santé idéaux-typiques de l'Union (France, Royaume-Uni, Italie et Roumanie). Si la variable économique (montant de la rémunération) joue un rôle clé dans la migration, elle est ajustée en fonction des caractéristiques de la prestation des soins de santé des modèles d'organisation des systèmes de santé. Prenant acte de la diversité des réponses à ces défis formulées par les pays de l’Union européenne, l’étude propose quelques réflexions à l’amélioration de ces flux migratoires médicaux en s’appuyant sur des éléments clés du droit européen de la santé : droit de liberté de circulation des médecins salariés, de liberté d’établissement et de prestation de services pour les médecins exerçant en libéral, d’équivalence des diplômes et de coordination de différents systèmes de sécurité sociale
European Union member states have faced growing challenges in health care provision, such as: an aging population, an imbalance between supply and demand for care, and the rising cost of new medical technologies. Physician mobility could be a response to these challenges in the context of the right of free movement of workers within the European Union (EU). This thesis examines the validity of these responses from a typology of countries representing ideal-type health systems in the EU (France, UK, Italy and Romania). If economic variable (amount of compensation) plays a key role in the migration, it is adjusted according to the characteristics of the delivery of health care organizational models of health systems. Noting the diverse response of EU member states to these challenges, the study offers some thoughts on improving the medical migration flows based on the following key elements of European health law: right to freedom of movement of salaried physicians, freedom of establishment and freedom to provide services for physicians in private practice, equivalence of diplomas and coordination of various social security systems
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Hlavenková, Pavlína. "Evropský patent." Master's thesis, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-267000.

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This master thesis deals with the European Patent System. The aim of this thesis is to provide the reader with a complex review of the Patent Law at the european level from its early beginning, when in the 70's was signed the European Patent Convention at the Munich Diplomatic Conference, up to the present. The thesis is systematically divided into five chapters and each chapter also contains several subchapters. The first chapter is dedicated to historical development of the European Patent. In the second chapter there is a brief description of the European Patent Convention and its two most important revisions. The third, most extensive chapter is dedicated to the European Patent Organisation which was founded in 1977 on the legal basis of the European Patent Convention. I deal especially with its two fundamental bodies - the European Patent Office and the Administrative Council. There is also a definition of the term of patentability as it is regulated by European Patent Convention and a characteristic of the European Patent Application. A separate subsection of the third section focuses on the patent granting procedure in front of the European Patent Office. I deal also with the character of the European Patent as such, I try to critically evaluate its biggest deficiencies but also to point...
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Deng, Yi. "Essays on the evaluation of European patents /." 2003. http://www.gbv.de/dms/zbw/558219780.pdf.

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Valešová, Lenka. "Výjimky z patentovatelnosti z evropského, českého a britského pohledu." Master's thesis, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-329966.

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The purpose of the thesis is to analyse exclusions and exceptions from patentability which is a negative requirement for an invention to enjoy a patent protection. It aims to answer the question why the exclusions are needed and whether they should be preserved as some of them proved to be very controversial. The law and practice of the European Patent Office, the Czech Republic and the United Kingdom are compared with the emphasis on the European Patent Convention and the EPO's case law. In the national regulation, mainly the differences and peculiarities to the European approach are pointed out. The work is composed of four chapters. The first chapter explains the basic concepts of patent law and presents justifications for patent protection. The second chapter deals with various patent systems and reviews the most important international tools of harmonization. In the third chapter, the exclusions are introduced and the distinction between Article 52(2) and (3) EPC (exclusions) and Article 53 (exceptions) is clarified whereas it is submitted that the difficulty posed by the exclusions lies in the interpretation of the words "as such" used in Article 52(3) EPC. The main focus of the thesis lies in chapter four which is subdivided into nine subchapters, each discussing one of the exclusions and...
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ROZMILEROVÁ, Monika. "Ochrana práv k duševnímu vlastnictví v mezinárodním obchodě." Master's thesis, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-252087.

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The main topic of this diploma thesis is "Property of intellectual property rights in international trade. The aim is to provide complex view on intellectual property protection in international trade, afterwards more specifically focused on industrial property, trademarks and geographical indications. The crucial part of the thesis is dovoted to the analysis of individual steps of trademark registration.
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Books on the topic "European Patent Office"

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contributor, Bouvier Yves 1975, Laborie Léonard contributor, and Wassenberg Birte contributor, eds. The European patent: A European success story for innovation. Munich: European Patent Office, 2013.

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The European Patent Convention and proceedings before the European Patent Office (EPC 2000). Cologne: C. Heymanns, 2008.

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Jehan, Robert. European patent decisions: A compendium of the more important decisions of the Boardsof Appeal of the European Patent Office. Edited by Denton M. J. 2nd ed. Chorleywood: Gaon, 1993.

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Jehan, Robert. European patent decisions: A compendium of the more important decisions from the Boards of Appeal of the European Patent Office. Edited by Denton M. J. Chorleywood: Gaon, 1992.

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Jehan, Robert. European patent decisions: A compendium of the more important decisions of the Boardsof Appeal of the European Patent Office. 3rd ed. Chorleywood: Gaon, 1994.

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author, Mulder Cees 1954, ed. Proceedings before the European Patent Office: A practical guide to success in opposition and appeal. Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar Publishing, 2015.

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Jehan, Robert. European patent decisions: A compendium of the more important decisions of the Boardsof Appeal of the European Patent Office. 4th ed. Chorleywood: Gaon, 1995.

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Robert, Jehan, and European Patent Office, eds. European patent decisions: A compendium of the more important decisions of the Boards of Appeal of the European Patent Office. 7th ed. London: Sweet & Maxwell, 1998.

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Jaenichen, Hans-Rainer. The European Patent Office's case law on the patentability of biotechnology inventions. Köln: Heymann, 1993.

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Office, European Patent. Modernising the EPO for excellence and sustainability: Achievements 2010 to 2018. Munich, Germany: European Patent Office, 2018.

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Book chapters on the topic "European Patent Office"

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Macchia, Giovanni. "Patentability Requirements of Biotech Inventions at the European Patent Office: Ethical Issues." In Biotech Innovations and Fundamental Rights, 37–43. Milano: Springer Milan, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-2032-0_3.

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Hingley, Peter, and Walter Park. "Forecasting Patent Filings at the European Patent Office (EPO) with a Dynamic Log Linear Regression Model: Applications and Extensions." In Selected Papers from the Asia Conference on Economics & Business Research 2015, 63–83. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-0986-0_6.

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Gugerell, Ch. "Patenting of Human Genes and Living Organisms The Current Practice of the European Patent Office." In Patenting of Human Genes and Living Organisms, 106–12. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-85153-7_13.

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Mikoš, Matjaž. "Landslide Research and Technology in Patent Documents." In Progress in Landslide Research and Technology, Volume 1 Issue 2, 2022, 29–48. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-18471-0_3.

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AbstractScience, Technology, and Innovation play a crucial role in the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030 (SF DRR). The International Consortium on Landslides (ICL) initiated the Sendai Landslide Partnerships 2015–2025 as a voluntary commitment to SF DRR. In 2020, the ICL launched the Kyoto 2020 Commitment for Global Promotion of Understanding and Reducing Landslide Disaster Risk (KLC 2020) as a follow-up of the Sendai Landslide Partnerships 2015–2025. Closely related to the above-mentioned Innovation are patents as a form of intellectual property rights and are often used as an innovation assessment parameter. This article reports on a study conducted to look at the patent documents that are available in open-access databases in order to evaluate how well they relate to the field of landslide research and technology. Landslide-related patent documents were extracted using different search terms in the patent document titles, abstracts, claims and/or their general text from the Google Patents, using the Espacenet tools from the European Patent Office, and the Derwent Patent Index inside the Web of Science offered by Clarivate Analytics, respectively. The extracted patent documents were analyzed with regard to the applicant respectively inventor affiliation (academic, non-academic, country of affiliation) and to the technical field of a patent using well-known patent classifications. The most active countries claiming landslide-related patents were recognized. Furthermore, review and research articles in SpringerLink and SCOPUS databases were searched to study how often scientific articles are citing landslide-related patents. The results of the study can be summarized as follow: (i) in the Google Patents database there are 15,000 + landslide-related patent documents, and in the Espacenet and the Derwent Innovation index database 5000+, respectively. In the patents titles, abstracts, and claims, processes are more often used to describe the patent than the technology; (ii) the number of technological (non-science) based patents is higher than that of academic (science-based) patents, with some specific field of applications, where the situation is the opposite; (iii) with regard to the different areas of technology to which landslide-related patent documents pertain, the categories “G-Physics” and “E-Fixed constructions” are clearly prevailing: “G” for debris flows and landslides, and “E” for fallings rocks and mudflows; (iv) the majority of landslide-related patents are filled and/or granted in China, followed by Japan and South Korea, USA and EU member countries—five major emerging economies (called BRICS) are outperforming developed countries, with a very prevailing Chinese contribution; (v) only a fraction of the order of a few one-in-thousands of landslide-related patents documents are cited in journal review and research articles.
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"European Patent Office." In Patent information and documentation in Western Europe, edited by Brenda M. Rimmer and Commission of the European Communit. Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9783111681207-008.

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Pila, Justine, and Paul L. C. Torremans. "5. The Procedure for Obtaining a European Patent." In European Intellectual Property Law, 120–38. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/he/9780198831280.003.0005.

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This chapter considers the procedure for obtaining a European patent directly from the European Patent Office (EPO) and indirectly from a competent patent office of a European Patent Convention (EPC) Contracting State or by international patent application under the Patent Cooperation Treaty 1970. It also considers the result of each procedure, and the focus within the European patent community on reducing the burden on patent applicants and improving patent quality with a view to minimizing the risk of a patent's revocation post-grant.
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"European Union (EU) Office Action." In From Invention to Patent: A Scientist and Engineer's Guide, 265. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119125280.app6.

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Plassmann, Clemens, and Stephan Dorn. "Accelerated proceedings before the European Patent Office." In Unified Patent Protection in Europe: A Commentary. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198755463.003.0466.

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The Court may of its own motion or at the request of a party request that opposition proceedings or limitation proceedings (including any subsequent appeal proceedings) before the European Patent Office be accelerated in accordance with the proceedings of the European Patent Office. The Court may stay its proceedings in accordance with Rule 295(a) pending the outcome of such request and any subsequent accelerated proceedings.
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"Introduction." In Proceedings Before the European Patent Office, 1–2. Edward Elgar Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4337/9781788115322.00010.

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"Drafting and prosecution stage." In Proceedings Before the European Patent Office, 3–20. Edward Elgar Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4337/9781788115322.00011.

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Conference papers on the topic "European Patent Office"

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Weisscher, Alard, Josine van de Ven, Raghu Kolli, and Ged Owens. "User centered design at european patent office." In Extended abstracts of the 2004 conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/985921.985993.

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Verbandt, Y., C. Kallinger, M. Scheu, and W. Förster. "Nanophotonics technology watch at the European Patent Office." In Photonics Europe, edited by David L. Andrews, Jean-Michel Nunzi, and Andreas Ostendorf. SPIE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.781198.

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Verbandt, Y., M. Scheu, E. Trepp, and W. Förster. "Nanotechnology at the European Patent Office: the photonics perspective." In Photonics Europe, edited by David L. Andrews, Jean-Michel Nunzi, and Andreas Ostendorf. SPIE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.660672.

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Nieto, Jose-Miguel, Francisco Javier Rubio Sierra, Jacek Drabko, Jan Fribert, and Gunther Socher. "European Patent Office (EPO): Facts, figures and services for researchers and inventors." In 2015 3rd International Conference on Electric Power Equipment - Switching Technology (ICEPE-ST). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icepe-st.2015.7368435.

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Konka, Boglárka, and Anita Veres. "Overview of European patents in Germany, France and Spain, with a potential application to the development of electric vehicles." In The European Union’s Contention in the Reshaping Global Economy. Szeged: Szegedi Tudományegyetem Gazdaságtudományi Kar, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.14232/eucrge.2022.17.

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Within the Green Deal’s ‘Accelerating the shift to sustainable and smart mobility’, vehicles with alternative propulsion systems will play a significant role, as the transport sector is responsible for one-fifth of the European Union’s CO2 emissions. Therefore, more and more governments are supporting the purchase and production of electric vehicles, as it can be one of the main tools for locally reducing fossil fuel consumption as well as reducing CO2 emissions. The analysis highlights that the three most important vehicle-producing countries (based on 2019 OICA data) from the European Union are Germany, France, and Spain. The development trajectory of these countries in the field of electromobility is presented using descriptive statistics. Sustainable development goals can be achieved by creating an innovative environment and overcoming barriers to innovation, which can be indicated, for example, by the number of patents in a given country. Therefore, a long-term time series based on patents related to electric vehicles will be explored using the database of the European Patent Office. The study describes the vehicle manufacturers with the most patents, and the main patent areas in the three countries analysed.
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Namba, Y., and K. Tani. "Thermal Spray Technology Trends in the Steel Industry from the Viewpoint of Patent Applications in Japan." In ITSC2011, edited by B. R. Marple, A. Agarwal, M. M. Hyland, Y. C. Lau, C. J. Li, R. S. Lima, and A. McDonald. DVS Media GmbH, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.itsc2011p0015.

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Abstract Trends of thermal spraying technology in Japanese steel industry is summarized by investigating the patent applications filed in Japan Patent Office in the past 20 years from FY1990 to FY2009. The total number of patents filed in 8 Patent Offices (Japan, United States, Europe, China, Korea, Russia, Brazil and India), retrieved by the International Patent Classification symbol C23C4/00 (IPC index key: Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state ), is 15,082. The ratio of patent applications filed in each Patent Office is as follows: JP (39%), US (22%), EP (17%), CN (9%), KR (6%), RU (3%), BR (3%) and IN (1%). The database used in this study is from commercially available “PatBase”. Number of patent applications of thermal spray technology (C23C4/00) in Japan is 4,369. Among these patents, the ratio of patents related to steel industry filed by major Japanese steel companies is 13% of total patents of every industrial segment in Japan. These patents are classified according to (1) coating applications in the process of steel production lines, (2) performances and effects obtained by coatings, .and (3) coating materials. In this paper, current status and future trend of thermal spray technology in Japanese steel industry is discussed.
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Silva, Marcus, and Iolanda Fierro. "Adalimumab protection trough patents of invention: a comparison of the strategies adopted by the American, Brazilian and European Patent Offices." In IV International Symposium on Immunobiologicals & VII Seminário Anual Científico e Tecnológico. Instituto de Tecnologia em Imunobiológicos, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.35259/isi.sact.2019_32842.

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Lučić, Sonja. "VEŠTAČKA INTELIGENCIJA I PATENTNO PRAVO." In XVIII Majsko savetovanje. University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Law, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/xviiimajsko.479l.

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Artificial intelligence is a field of technology that is developing intensively. Along with the development of artificial intelligence, the issue of its patent protection has become topical. Artificial intelligence systems are based on highly developed algorithms and mathematical models, phenomena with which patent law is traditionally in conflict. This issue is not just a national or European problem. There is also an intensive debate in the United States about the patentability of artificially intelligent systems. The author deals with the question of whether artificially intelligent systems can enjoy patent protection. The paper analyzes the case of "DABUS" which refers to an international patent application in which the artificially intelligent system DABUS is listed as the inventor. Numerous intellectual property offices around the world (eg American, British, German, Australian, EPO) have rejected such a patent application. On the other hand, the Federal Court of Australia has ruled that under the Australian Patent Act AI could be listed as the inventor. Recognition of AI as the inventor (not the owner) of inventions generated by artificial intelligence can have certain consequences, including in the field of copyright.
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Manea, Mirela, Adela Magdalena Ciobanu, and Mihnea Costin Manea. "ANXIETY - THERAPEUTIC OPTIONS FROM PAST TO PRESENT." In The European Conference of Psychiatry and Mental Health "Galatia". Archiv Euromedica, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.35630/2022/12/psy.ro.28.

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Anxiety is a diffuse fear of an object, rather potential than present, it is detached from concrete and projected in the future. It associates psychomotor restlessness and has neurovegetative response. Anxious symptoms create a discomfort that patients experience with great difficulty. Whether we are talking about generalized anxiety, or we are talking about anxious paroxysms, patients call for help, sometimes in Emergency Room (ER) because of irrational fear of death, or fear of madness. The anxiety disorder is common in all medical healthcare offices, but especially in psychiatry. The therapeutic attitude is based on the same principles everywhere, but there are situations in which the treatment differs and psychotic anxiety, the particular form requiring admission into specialized service, is under discussion here. If in the past, the first intention was benzodiazepine (BZD) anxiolytics at the moment, they are increasingly finding their place in the therapeutic scheme. The beneficial effect installs quickly, but when balancing the balance versus risk, balances often tend to overcome the anxiolytic classics. Nowadays, more frequently, protocols recommend administering SSRI antidepressants to treat anxiety. In the case of emergency in which anxiety occupies a main place, such as psychotic anxiety, it is necessary to prescribe antipsychotics, especially atypical antipsychotics. For these reasons, we aim to share our experience for patient benefit.
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Satish, Pranav, Teele Kuusk, Nick Campain, Yasmin Abu-Ghanem, Joana Neves, Ravi Barod, Soha El-Sheikh, et al. "European Association of Urology COVID intermediate prioritisation group is poorly predictive of pathological high- risk among patients with renal tumours." In VIRTUAL ACADEMIC SURGERY CONFERENCE 2021. Cambridge Medicine Journal, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.7244/cmj.2021.04.001.6.

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Introduction The purpose of prioritisation is to minimise harm while safeguarding access to health care in times of reduced resources. The EAU Guideline Office Rapid Reaction Group (GORRG) issued priority recommendations during the COVID-19 pandemic. We evaluated if the clinical prioritisation for suspected renal cell carcinoma (RCC) planned for surgery matched final pathological risk. Methods From 23 March 2020 until 10 October 2020, patients with suspected RCC were prioritised according to GORGG recommendations. To increase statistical power, GORGG prioritisation was also retrospectively assigned to pre-lockdown RCC surgical cases. The priority group was assessed according to GORGG guidelines, and postoperative risk was assessed according to 2003 Leibovich scores. We evaluated concordance between GORGG prioritisation and post-operative risk, and if stratification could be further improved by subgrouping of size. Results 351 patients with suspected RCC were prioritised and underwent surgery. The intermediate priority group showed poor concordance, with 25.7% and 16.4% being pathological low and high risk, respectively. The low priority group harboured 14.9% intermediate and 1.06% high risk RCC. Within the EAU intermediate group, 34.2% of cT1b tumours were low risk, and 32.3% of cT2a tumours high risk. Analysing at 1 cm increments, 45.1% of 4-5cm tumours were low risk. Conclusions The recommended prioritisation system can be error prone and should be prudently applied based on the centre’s needs. Particularly amongst the intermediate group, centres with clinical capacity should not defer intervention of cT2a tumours for longer than absolutely necessary and in severely limited resources may consider intermediate priority tumours < 5cm as low priority.
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