Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'European Resource Unit'

The study at hand aims at understanding the "twisted fate" of the EU's initiative to provide transparency of payments in oil, gas, and mining deals. The European Commission in October 2011 followed the lead of the US Dodd-Frank Act in establishing strict disclosure requirements for businesses in the extractive industries. Its initiative demanded annual reporting of any payments made by such enterprises to public authorities of commodity exporting countries, in order to mitigate corruption of public officials via transparency of payments. Praised by NGOs, the initiative was heavily opposed by the German government and experienced efforts by the very same to water its efficacy down. Germany's uncompromising position prolonged the search for an agreement between Council of Ministers and European Parliament until April 2013. It is hypothesized that the German opposition originates in highly effective interest representation of influential domestic actors, dismissive of a tight transparency regime. To validate this, Moravcsik's Liberal Intergovernmentalism is the theoretical framework of choice. At its core lies a genuine two-step of domestic societal actors, upgrading their particular interests to "national preferences" and the subsequent agency of their governments in rational bargaining with others. However, in order for this to apply in European everyday politics, theoretical amendments have to be made. Namely, the originally disregarded influence of supranational institutions as well as a shift of bargaining arenas has to be sufficiently respected by the theoretical frame.

Durant els últims 15 els recursos naturals que financen recursos armats han rebut una creixent atenció per part de la investigació acadèmica. La Unió Europea (UE) també ha reconegut la problemàtica dels anomenats “recursos de conflicte”, però fins ara li ha mancat un enfocament coherent per afrontar el problema. En alguns casos, la UE ha optat per mesures multilaterals per trencar el vincle entre els recursos naturals i els conflictes, però en altres casos, la Unió ha actuat d'una manera unilateral o no ha actuat en absolut. Aquesta falta de coherència pot semblar sorprenent ja que la UE és percebuda generalment com un ‘campió mundial’ de promoure solucions multilaterals pels problemes globals. La tesi es pregunta per tant: per què en situacions similars relacionades amb els recursos de conflicte la Unió Europa ha optat per polítiques diferents? Per respondre a aquesta pregunta s’ha dissenyat un marc analític que integra factors externs i interns. A nivell extern, en primer lloc s’ha examinat el nivell de suport a les institucions europees i els estats membres de polítiques com la restricció del comerç d’aquests recursos de conflictes. En segon lloc, s’ha estudiat el context mundial per les polítiques d’aquest tipus, utilitzant la conceptualització de les Xarxes Globals de Producció. Les dinàmiques de conflictes, alimentades pels ingressos de l’explotació dels recursos naturals, s’emmarquen en processos més amplis de la globalització econòmica. Aquest marc s’ha aplicat als casos de (I) els diamants i el Procés de Kimberley; (II) la fusta i el Reglament de la Fusta de la UE; i (III) els minerals de la República Democràtica del Congo. A nivell intern, en tots els casos estudiats es pot detectar una complexa interacció entre les consideracions normatives i econòmiques. Com més es poden reconciliar aquestes dues dimensions, més suport té una mesura en l'àmbit de la UE. Però pels resultats finals de les polítiques, el factor determinant és el context global. En primer lloc, perquè la UE es troba en un entorn més advers per a promoure les seves normes dins dels fòrums multilaterals com a conseqüència de l’auge de les economies emergents, reticents a mesures globals vinculants per motius ideacionals i materials. En segon lloc, perquè les normes privades transnacionals, sovint aclamades com una resposta a la “escletxa de la governança mundial”, tenen un impacte més aviat limitat a les Xarxes Globals de Producció. Aquestes normes tenen una certa presència i importància a la UE i altres mercats occidentals, però el seu pes en altres parts de la resta del món és limitat. Com a conseqüència, la UE pren cada vegada més mesures unilaterals. La tesi conclou que l’elecció de les polítiques unilaterals i bilaterals reflecteix un canvi des del suport a qualsevol preu al multilateralisme cap al reconeixement més pragmàtic d’una multipolaritat globalitzada.
La investigación sobre el papel que los recursos naturales juegan en la financiación de conflictos armados ha tomado fuerza durante la década de 2000. La Unión Europea (UE) ha reconocido el problema que suponen estos recursos, llamados "recursos de conflicto", pero carece de un enfoque coherente para su gestión. En algunos casos, la UE ha optado por medidas multilaterales para romper el vínculo entre los recursos naturales y los conflictos mientras que en otros casos, la Unión ha actuado de forma unilateral o no ha actuado en absoluto. Estas posiciones pueden parecer sorprendentes, ya que la UE es percibida generalmente como la promotora por excelencia de soluciones multilaterales en la resolución de problemas globales. La pregunta que se responde en la tesis es, por lo tanto, por qué la UE ha optado por diferentes políticas para estos casos tan parecidos. Para responder a esta cuestión se ha diseñado un marco analítico que integra factores internos y externos. Por un lado, se examina dentro de las instituciones de la UE y los Estados miembros el nivel de apoyo a dado a ciertas medidas para la restricción del comercio de estos "recursos de conflicto". Por otro lado, se estudia el desarrollo de este tipo de políticas en el contexto global utilizando el concepto de Redes Globales de Producción. Los conflictos son alimentados por los ingresos de la explotación de los recursos naturales y, por lo tanto, están incorporados en los procesos de globalización económica. Este marco se aplica a los casos de (I) los diamantes y el Proceso de Kimberley; (II) la madera y el Reglamento de la Madera de la UE; y (III) los minerales de la República Democrática del Congo. En todos los casos estudiados se puede detectar una compleja interacción entre las consideraciones normativas y económicas. Cuanto más se reconcilian estas dimensiones, más apoyo tiene una medida en el ámbito de la UE. Para los resultados de las políticas finales, sin embargo, el contexto global es el factor determinante. En primer lugar, debido al auge de las economías emergentes que se oponen a medidas globales vinculantes tanto por motivos ideológicos como materiales, la UE se encuentra con un entorno más adverso para promover sus normas a través de foros multilaterales. En segundo lugar, las regulaciones privadas transnacionales, a menudo aclamadas como una respuesta a la "brecha de la gobernanza global", sólo tienen un impacto limitado en muchas Redes Globales de Producción. Mientras tienen una cierta presencia e importancia en la UE y otros mercados occidentales, su peso en grandes partes del resto del mundo es limitado. Como consecuencia de estos dos acontecimientos la UE decide usar medidas unilaterales cada vez más. La tesis concluye que la elección de estas políticas unilaterales / bilaterales refleja un cambio desde el apoyo a cualquier precio al multilateralismo hacia un reconocimiento más pragmático de una multipolaridad globalizada.
Since the 2000s, the role of natural resources that are financing armed conflicts has come under increased academic scrutiny. The European Union (EU) has as well recognised the problem of these so-called “conflict resources”, but lacks so far a coherent approach to address it. In some cases the EU has opted for multilateral measures to break the link between natural resources and conflicts, but in other cases the Union acts unilaterally or not at all. This may appear surprising as the EU is usually perceived as the global champion of multilateral solutions for global issues. The dissertation asks therefore why the EU has chosen different policy measures for these similar-looking cases. To answer this question an analytical framework has been designed that integrates internal and external factors. On the one hand the level of support at the EU institutions and among the Member States for measures to curtail the trade in these “conflict resources” was examined. On the other hand, the global context for such policies was studied by using the Global Production Networks (GPN)-conceptualisation. The conflict dynamics, fuelled by the revenues of natural resource exploitation, were thus embedded in broader processes of economic globalisation. This framework was applied to the cases of (I) diamonds and the Kimberley Process; (II) timber and the EU Timber Regulation; and (III) minerals from the Democratic Republic of the Congo. On the internal level, in all studied cases a complex interplay between normative and economic considerations could be detected. The more these dimensions could be reconciled, the more support a measure had at the EU-level. For the final policy outcomes, however, the global context was the more determining factor. Firstly, due to the rise of the emerging economies that oppose for both ideational and material motives globally binding measures, the EU encounters a more adverse environment to promote its norms through multilateral forums. Secondly, transnational private regulations, often hailed as an answer to the “Global Governance Gap”, only have a limited impact on large parts of many GPNs. The EU had incorporated such schemes in its policies but they can therefore not provide genuine global solutions to this kind of problems. As a consequence of these two developments the EU is increasingly taking unilateral steps. The thesis concludes therefore that the EU’s choices for unilateral/bilateral policies in the field of conflict resources reflect a move from supporting multilateralism at any price to a more pragmatic recognition of globalised multipolarity.

The thesis is about energy dependency of the European Union. Aim of the work is to analyze the situation of the energy relations of European Union and regions, which are the main energy suppliers from the trade policy point of view. Thesis is aimed at characterizing trade instruments used in trade with natural resources. EU - North Africa relations are studied in more detailed way as a concrete example of energy relations.

Hlavným cieľom diplomovej práce je kriticky analyzovať politiku Európskej Únie a jej dopad na činnosť nadnárodnej spoločnosti E.ON. Keďže politika Európskej Únie má za cieľ zefektívniť spôsob podnikania vykonávaného v rámci Európskej Únie a okrem iného má predstavovať garanciu zodpovednosti jak spotrebiteľov, tak dodávateľov operujúcich na trhu, tak zámer práce bol definovaný na analýzu politického vplyvu rozhodnutí Európskej Únie a ich dopad na následné strategické rozhodnutia firmy. Analytická čas práce je preto zameraná na analýzu Európskej energetickej politiky s kladením dôrazu na profil spoločnosti E.ON, Európsku energetickú stratégiu, obnoviteľné zdroje, jadrovú energetiku, bezpečnosť energetickej dodávky a na Európsky systém obchodovania s emisiami.

The Master’s thesis deals with the renewable resources of energy and possibilities of funding of solar electrical power production from European union funds. The thesis also contains the feasibility study and the concept of Eko-Energie program grant application form, which can help to gain the financial support for increasing the effectivity of the project.

The thesis concerns small and medium-sized enterprises in the Czech republic. The thesisi is determined by the general definition of entrepreneur, small and medium-sized enterprises, business environment, related laws and sources of funding. General definitions were applied in the case study on the specific region -- microregion of Podralsko. Public administration support of small and medium-sized enterprises occurs either in direct or indirect form, the sources of fundings may be drawn from the state budget, from the local-authorities budget and from european sources. The role od public administration and other institutions in small and medium-sized enterprises support affects small and medium-sized enterprises on natinal, regional and local level of microregions and municipalities.

The main goal of this diploma work is to clear the possibility of financing human resources development in the company Lemon, s.r.o., operational programmes introduction in the frame of programming period of 2007 – 2013, with the aim to programmes, which are determined for human resources development financing. Main source is European social fund and above all operational programme Human resources and employment. Partial objective of the work is to introduce how to set plan of the human resources development in the company Lemon, s.r.o. on the basis of the question-form and workshop, therefore to educate employees in a complex and sytematic way. Further objective of the work is also identification of proposals preparation, above all proposal structure and contents of particular sections.

This diploma thesis is focused on the customs policy of the Czech Republic as an EU Member State. The aim of the study is divided into three areas: The first objective is to characterize the changes that occurred in the Czech Republic after it became part of the single customs territory of the EU. Therefore to clearly describe the basic features of the EU customs policy - its principles, tools and techniques for customs proceedings, each customs procedures, Common Customs Tariff, etc. The second goal is to provide an overview of collecting customs duties in the territory of the Czech Republic just before and after joining the EU. The third objective of this diploma thesis is to characterize and analyze the revenues from customs duties throughout the EU, as the customs duties are one of the Traditional Own Resources (TOR) of the EU budget.

The aim of my thesis was to identify sources of funding to selected public works and interconnect the impact of financing public construction order for manage-ment of the municipality. In the theoretical part are explained basic concepts relat-ed to public contract and the possibilities of its financing. In the practical part is characterizes specific public works, financed by using funding from the EU and its impact on the economy of the municipality.

The Human Resources and Employment Operational Programme is focused on minimization of unemployment by means of active policy on the labour market, professional education, reintegration of socially excluded citizens into society, improvement of public administration quality and international cooperation in the said areas.

The aim of this work provides an analysis of the possibilities of utilization of Structural funds for the development of Czech SMEs with the focus on the support of human resources development. The theoretical part is focused on the structure of funds in the programme therm 2004 – 2006 and project cycle. The practical part is made as the case study for the Programme Human Resources Development in Vašstav company.

Central Asia is a region located between Europe and Asia, which gained sovereignty after the dissolution of the Soviet Union. In the first decade of independence all the countries had to deal with many problems within the states and were not interesting areas for foreign partners. But the situation has changed at the beginning of the new century, when the world faced the question of energy security and the thread of terroristic attacks from the neighborhood of Central Asia. Rich natural resources and key location of this region attracted global players as Russia, China or European Union. They started creating cooperation ties in many areas with Central Asian countries. The goal of this thesis is to describe the evolution and analyze the current state of mutual relations. Moreover to analyze weak and strong points of Central Asian economies and characterize problematic and perspective areas of cooperation, from which involved countries can benefit.

This Diploma thesis is focused on the possibilities of financing a specific project in the company from EU Funds. Theoretical part of this thesis describes an individual funds and policies of European Union. This part also defines the basic informations from Project management. The aim of the practical part is prepare a feasibility study of the project. This project will be co-financed from EU Funds. After that the whole process will be assessed. In the end of the thesis is processed the whole procedure of submission the request from the Business and Innovation Programme through the CzechInvest agency.

This diploma thesis addresses the current analytical procedures and policies of renewable energy production in the Czech Republic and, mainly deals with the policy modifications that occurred between 2010 to 2012 which also influenced this policy. To give more explanation to the entire picture of the energetic situation in the Czech Republic we have to analyze the current potential situation of renewable and non renewable resources, the quality of electrical distribution network, the framework of available energy resources in the Czech Republic, the costs of producing energy and its impact on the environment. The current global trend in most developed countries is the development of renewable energy sources but, this is not the current case in the Czech Republic which has in its plans to reach its target set by the European Union for the year 2020 . But, instead the Czech Republic would like to set a different goal and decrease the use of renewable energy resources and increase the use of nuclear energy. The support of the analysis policy for renewable energy sources in the Czech Republic is measured in comparison with the European Union, the United States of America and the Peoples Republic of China. The main goal is to evaluate this policies support for renewable energy sources in the Czech Republic and for its possible improvement.

This diploma thesis is focused on the present situation analyse of the company IVANA ČECHOVÁ. The begining part contains the characteristic of the analysed company and the theoretically resources. The practicall part is focused on the company problems and present situation analyse, from which the most significant lacks of business developement are determined. The improvement proposal represents the entrepreneurial intension of the company IVANA ČECHOVÁ. The examination of the entrepreneurial intension aimed at European funds is in this thesis mentioned too.

The aim my diploma’s thesis is define financial resources for public contract and combine funding with village economy. The theoretical part deals with public contracts and funding of. As fading are selected external and internal sources. The second part is practical and it is followed by the areas described in the theoretical part. There are described budget territorial units. It deals fading of project village. Its ecpression and impact on the budget and village’s economy.

This study argues that the slow progress of Turkey in the accession to the European Union is not simlpy due to a failure to comply with the "official" membership criteria. It is argued that European attitude towards these official requirements represents a double standard, which can be searched in the context of unspoken cultural and religious fears, that do not exist in the official criteria. It is argued that there are many positive reasons to Turkey's accession to the EU. There is the aspect of energy- security, demography, acting as a bridge between the West and the East, and keeping the European Union away from being Eurocentric. However, seen the recent developments in Turkey's accession negotiations with the EU, the current political climate in Europe suggests that cultural homogeneity of the European Union remains a strong desire. Turkey, being the "Other", suffers the consequences of this. And while Turkey can make changes to its economy and political system to fulfil the EU's accession criteria, there are two 'givens' that cannot be changed-namely, religion/culture and geography/physical location. Thus, understanding these fixed characteristics of Turkey, and their perception by the European Union is crucially important in understanding the European Union - Turkey process overall.

The aim of this work is to get acquainted with possibilities of using financial resources for the Czech Republic as an EU member. There are mentioned synopses here of possibilities of using the structural funds of EU and pre-accession financial support. The work is focused on the Operational programme of Rural development and multifunction agriculture 2004 {--} 2006 and its evaluation in terms of formal EU requirements and in terms of utilizing of financial sources. In the second part of the work this programme is described including fundamentals of projects preparation and financial supports administration. The work is further focused on the financial framework and summary of using from this programme for individual years, regions and measures. Based on a database of the companies which asked for financial support within this programme, there are several economic indicators calculated. The work ends with assessment of possibilities of financial resources from EU, evaluation of the OP of Agriculture and adumbration of the situation of programme continuing for the period 2007 {--} 2013.

This thesis aims to find out what is the real employability of graduates of training, retraining and other courses funded by the European Social Fund and Operational Programme Human Resources and Employment in the labor market in the South Bohemian Region. There is analyzed the development of the labor market in the South Bohemian Region and its districts during the Programming Period 2007 ? 2013. There are also described individual projects OP HRE, were held or are in progress in the South Bohemian Region, and is also analyzed their specific benefit to the job seekers in the labor market.

The aims of my thesis was compiling a draft request for financial support from the Operational Programme Human Resources and Employment and compile it in accordance with the strategic materials, key economic and social characteristics contained in the OP HRE. The purpose was to incorporate graduates? experience from retraining courses, depending on the need to strengthen the integration of people at risk of social exclusion or socially excluded. The focus of the program is aimed at the priority axis "Active labor market policies" and "Social integration and equal opportunity." The content of individual activities is to increase competence in business, accounting, tax, and total financial and computer literacy, to improve opportunities in the labor market. The base of the request for financial support was drawing up the cost proposal for the training center project.

My diploma thesis was focused on evaluation of degree of success of project "Education of Humanities at BUT" within a scope of Operational Programme Human Resources Development 2004 - 2006 implementation. I presupposed from formulation of the paradigms using theoretical concepts of public policy, education and management to practical analyses Project phases. I put the cardinal emphasis on the implementation phase, which I remeted to research. I evaluated the Project implementation as extraordinary successful on the base of outputs of expert interwiews, focus group and questionnaire within a scope of the research. I tried to compare this Project with another one, similar project settled in any other Member Strate of the European Union. I reached that similar projects in other Member States have not been realized, the only comparable one was Portugese Project in the programming period 1994 - 1999 focused on increasing competitivness of students of high schools. This finding led to conclusion that the Project realized at BUT was unique and its successful realization could be considered as a leading case in the area of Structural Funds of the European Union in the Czech Republic.