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Journal articles on the topic 'European Union – Africa, North'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 10 March 2023

Last updated: 19 July 2025

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1

Zreik, Mohamad. "China and Europe in Africa: Competition or Cooperation?" Malaysian Journal of International Relations 9, no. 1 (2021): 51–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.22452/mjir.vol9no1.3.

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This paper presents the development strategies of the European Union and China towards Africa. European development aid has always been accompanied by political and economic conditions such as adopting neoliberalist policies, democracy and regime modification. As for China, its development policies have not been conditional because it adopts the principle of non-interference in the internal affairs of other countries and a win-win strategy. The paper points to a great disparity between the Chinese and European development strategies. China represents the South-South development model, and the

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Batsleer, Femke, Elena Portelli, John J. Borg, Andreas Kiefer, Michael Veith, and Daan Dekeukeleire. "Maltese bats show phylogeographic affiliation with North-Africa: implications for conservation." Hystrix, the Italian Journal of Mammalogy 30, no. 2 (2019): 172–77. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13472192.

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(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) In the Mediterranean region, cryptic diversity of bats is common. As distinct genetic lineages should be managed independently for conservation, insight into bat phylogeography is important. The Maltese islands are located in the centre of the Mediterranean between North Africa and Sicily and are densely populated. At present, it is thought that at least seven species of bats are native, but phylogeographic affiliations remain largely unexplored. Therefore, we sequenced a ca. 540 bp fragment of the mitochondrial 16S rRNA gene from 23 bats, whi

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Batsleer, Femke, Elena Portelli, John J. Borg, Andreas Kiefer, Michael Veith, and Daan Dekeukeleire. "Maltese bats show phylogeographic affiliation with North-Africa: implications for conservation." Hystrix, the Italian Journal of Mammalogy 30, no. 2 (2019): 172–77. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13472192.

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(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) In the Mediterranean region, cryptic diversity of bats is common. As distinct genetic lineages should be managed independently for conservation, insight into bat phylogeography is important. The Maltese islands are located in the centre of the Mediterranean between North Africa and Sicily and are densely populated. At present, it is thought that at least seven species of bats are native, but phylogeographic affiliations remain largely unexplored. Therefore, we sequenced a ca. 540 bp fragment of the mitochondrial 16S rRNA gene from 23 bats, whi

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Batsleer, Femke, Elena Portelli, John J. Borg, Andreas Kiefer, Michael Veith, and Daan Dekeukeleire. "Maltese bats show phylogeographic affiliation with North-Africa: implications for conservation." Hystrix, the Italian Journal of Mammalogy 30, no. 2 (2019): 172–77. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13472192.

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(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) In the Mediterranean region, cryptic diversity of bats is common. As distinct genetic lineages should be managed independently for conservation, insight into bat phylogeography is important. The Maltese islands are located in the centre of the Mediterranean between North Africa and Sicily and are densely populated. At present, it is thought that at least seven species of bats are native, but phylogeographic affiliations remain largely unexplored. Therefore, we sequenced a ca. 540 bp fragment of the mitochondrial 16S rRNA gene from 23 bats, whi

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Batsleer, Femke, Elena Portelli, John J. Borg, Andreas Kiefer, Michael Veith, and Daan Dekeukeleire. "Maltese bats show phylogeographic affiliation with North-Africa: implications for conservation." Hystrix, the Italian Journal of Mammalogy 30, no. 2 (2019): 172–77. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13472192.

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(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) In the Mediterranean region, cryptic diversity of bats is common. As distinct genetic lineages should be managed independently for conservation, insight into bat phylogeography is important. The Maltese islands are located in the centre of the Mediterranean between North Africa and Sicily and are densely populated. At present, it is thought that at least seven species of bats are native, but phylogeographic affiliations remain largely unexplored. Therefore, we sequenced a ca. 540 bp fragment of the mitochondrial 16S rRNA gene from 23 bats, whi

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Batsleer, Femke, Elena Portelli, John J. Borg, Andreas Kiefer, Michael Veith, and Daan Dekeukeleire. "Maltese bats show phylogeographic affiliation with North-Africa: implications for conservation." Hystrix, the Italian Journal of Mammalogy 30, no. 2 (2019): 172–77. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13472192.

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(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) In the Mediterranean region, cryptic diversity of bats is common. As distinct genetic lineages should be managed independently for conservation, insight into bat phylogeography is important. The Maltese islands are located in the centre of the Mediterranean between North Africa and Sicily and are densely populated. At present, it is thought that at least seven species of bats are native, but phylogeographic affiliations remain largely unexplored. Therefore, we sequenced a ca. 540 bp fragment of the mitochondrial 16S rRNA gene from 23 bats, whi

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Sviashchenko, Zinaida. "Migration Policy of the European Union on the Countries of Northern Africa." European Historical Studies, no. 13 (2019): 67–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2524-048x.2019.13.67-83.

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The article is devoted to the actual issues of the European Union migration policy with regard to the countries of North Africa. Indeed, the intensive migration movement that has recently taken place in Europe has forced the EU to develop a new, adequate migration policy that would be able to effectively address the problems encountered in this area. The reasons and the current state of migration processes are investigated. The main directions and areas of regulation of migration processes in the European Union concerning the countries of North Africa are highlighted. In particular, attention

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Metea, Ileana-Gentilia. "Cyprus, an Unresolved Issue of the European Union." International conference KNOWLEDGE-BASED ORGANIZATION 24, no. 1 (2018): 142–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/kbo-2018-0021.

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Abstract The Republic of Cyprus is an island from the extreme north of the Mediterranean Sea, is situated at the intersection of Europe, Asia and Africa, 75 km south of Turkey, 105 km west of Syria, 300 km north of Egypt and 800 km east of Greece. As a state form, it is a presidential republic, and is part of the European Union (since May 2004) the Euro Zone (2008), the World Trade Organization - WTO (1995), the International Monetary Fund (1962) 1962), the Council of Europe (1961), the Commonwealth (1961). Cyprus has an unresolved internal situation for a long time

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9

Skrabacz, Aleksandra, and Patrycja Bryczek-Wróbel. "Immigrant Security in a Culturally Different Environment. The Polish Experience after the Arab Spring." Journal of Central and Eastern European African Studies 3, no. 4 (2023): 162–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.59569/jceeas.2023.3.4.216.

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Since the decolonisation of Africa - especially after 1960 - more and more people have been arriving from the African continent to Europe for settlement purposes. In 2017, the countries of the European Union there were already 9.1 million African nationals living in the European Union. Of this group, 5 million people came from North Africa (most from Morocco) and the rest from Africa south of the Sahara. Poland is one of the countries in the European Union that has received many migrants from different parts of the world. Figures indicate that 2.1 million foreigners, mostly from Africa and Asi

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Mizerska-Wrotkowska, Małgorzata. "Dylematy unijnej polityki sąsiedztwa oraz wyzwania dla polityki zewnętrznej UE na Bliskim Wschodzie, Afryce Północnej i Ameryce Łacińskiej." Przegląd Europejski, no. 1-2015 (June 28, 2015): 122–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.31338/1641-2478pe.1.15.5.

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The purpose of this article is to analyse the challenges for EU foreign policy in three of its geographical areas of interest, which I treat here as case studies: in North Africa, the Middle East and Latin America. The research challenge here is to answer the following questions: 1) How can the European Neighbourhood Policy be made more effective? 2) What lies behind the lack of consistency in EU policy towards the Arab states? 3) What are the challenges facing the European Union in North Africa? 4) What part does the European Union play in the Middle East peace process – and what part should

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Diawol, Anna. "Evolution of European Union’s policy towards the Mediterranean region." Acta Agraria Debreceniensis, no. 45 (May 2, 2012): 5–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.34101/actaagrar/45/2386.

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This paper examines some specific problem in Euro Mediterranean relation. Author decided to concentrate on two main issues: the characteristics of the institutions of the Union for the Mediterranean, indicating similarities and differences in the Euro-Mediterranean programs and the presentation of specific new initiatives. The author will also summarize the main possible positions in the ongoing debates about the need to reform the European Union addressed to the countries of North Africa and the Middle East.

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Romeo, Isabel. "The European union and North Africa: Keeping the Mediterranean ‘safe’ for Europe." Mediterranean Politics 3, no. 2 (1998): 21–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13629399808414652.

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Boubaker, K., A. Colantoni, and E. Allegrini. "Renewable Energy in Eastern North Africa in Terms of Patterns of Coupling to Czisch European HVDC Super Grid." International Journal of Renewable Energy Development 2, no. 2 (2013): 125–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/ijred.2.2.125-129.

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In this study, wind energy potential and perspectives in the eastern North Africa region (Tunisia) have been investigated in terms of connectivity to the projected Czisch European HVDC super grid. A simplified extracted scheme of this grid has been used as a guide to optimize transportation efficiency through the whole net. Wind, as an available and easily exploitable renewable energy was showing to have a promising future for 2025 horizon in the context of a connected net with the European Union, despite local sub-grids disparities. This is also to emphasis HVDC technology adequacy for econom

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Piwowarska, Sara. "Unia Europejska wobec konfliktów i przemian społeczno-politycznych w regionie MENA w XX i XXI wieku." Świat Idei i Polityki 17, no. 1 (2018): 9–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.15804/siip201801.

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The countries of the Middle East and North Africa are one of the main areas of interest of the European Union, and the main determinants of mutual relations are primarily the economy and security policy. The aim of the article is to show how the position of the European Union is shaped in relation to the main challenges and threats in this region, to which the Israeli-Arabic conflict, the Palestinian issue and the so-called Arab Spring, as well as the escalation of the conflict in Syria and the problem of international terrorism.

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Khalifa, Mahmoud. "THE ROLE OF EUROPEAN UNION POLICIES TO COUNTER ILLEGAL IMMIGRATION IN NORTH AFRICA." Journal of Liberty and International Affairs, Institute for Research and European Studies - Bitola 8, no. 3 (2022): 429–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.47305/jlia2283429k.

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Maduekwe, Nkiruka Chidia. "Protecting the patient’s data in the 21st century healthcare industry: Is the African continent ready for the digital space?" Journal of Sustainable Development Law and Policy (The) 15, no. 1 (2024): 206–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jsdlp.v15i1.7.

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To ensure proper healthcare services and automation, including minimising medical errors and providing faster and more efficient healthcare, the medical field is experiencing innovative technological trends. They include automated patient records, hospital management system software, telemedicine, and the use of artificial intelligence devices. These innovations exist in more than just the global north, as they are slowly finding residence in African countries. Focusing on automated patient record, the article examines existing data protection legal frameworks in Africa to ascertain whether th

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Elbashir, Rania. "LIBYA'S FOREIGN TRADE WITH EUROPEAN UNION COUNTRIES." MEST Journal 10, no. 2 (2022): 64–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.12709/mest.10.10.02.07.

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The subject of this empirical and theoretical work is the exchange of foreign trade in Libya with the countries of the European Union. The scientific objective of the research is to make a scientific classification of the volume of foreign trade between Libya and the European Union countries and to discover the factors that hinder foreign trade and explain them scientifically. European countries also support this cooperation and contribute significantly to the formulation of future cooperation policies with Libya in various social, political, and economic fields. However, this cooperation take

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Solymári, Daniel. "Hungary’s Pragmatic Diplomacy in the Age of Détente: The Case of the African Opening between 1956 and 1970." Politics in Central Europe 19, no. 2 (2023): 283–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/pce-2023-0013.

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Abstract Following the change of the political systems that swept across the former Soviet Bloc region toward the end of the 1980s, it was obvious for the ex ‑satellite states that they would direct the major (re)orientation in their foreign policies towards the European Union and the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation. Since the 2010s, every country of the ex ‑Communist Bloc, including the Russian Federation itself, has fostered pragmatic foreign policies with African regions and states. To be able to understand present ‑day Hungary’s recently enhanced engagements with the African continent,

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Dayıoğlu, Hüseyin. "Avrupa Birliği İle Birleşik Krallık Arasındaki Ticaret Hacmi." Journal of Social Research and Behavioral Sciences 8, no. 16 (2022): 576–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.52096/jsrbs.8.16.39.

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Its long imperial history and its strong position in the international system still influence the United Kingdom today. Throughout its history, the Kingdom has established intensive relations with its colonies in North and South America, Asia, Australia and Africa, and has experienced numerous long and bloody wars in Europe. This situation has led to the fact that the kingdom has established more relations with other continents compared to Europe. Due to its political stance, geographical characteristics and traditional status, the kingdom has never been a prominent country in the European Uni

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Sergey, Asaturov, and Martynov Andrei. "Legal bases of Ukraine's European integration." ScienceRise: Juridical Science, no. 2(20) (June 30, 2022): 18–22. https://doi.org/10.15587/2523-4153.2022.260085.

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The purpose of the article is to analyze trends in the development of legal support for Ukraine's European integration. In essence, the Association Agreement with Ukraine differs from the Association Agreements, signed by the European Union in the early 1990s with Central European countries, preparing to join the EU, or with the Middle East, North Africa and Latin America, which do not have any chances of joining the EU. The coordination of the issues of European integration of Ukraine depends on the effectiveness of the mechanisms of functioning of the legal institution of society as an a

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Durac, Vincent. "The European Union in Yemen: The Triumph of Pragmatism over Normativity?" European Foreign Affairs Review 15, Issue 5 (2010): 645–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/eerr2010046.

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While much has been written concerning the engagement of the European Union (EU) with North Africa and the Middle East, the case of Yemen has rarely been considered. This is in spite of the perception that a ‘perfect storm’ of authoritarian rule, internal conflict, resource depletion, and radical Islamism could result in the emergence of significant regional and international security threats from the country. This paper examines the role of the EU in Yemen in the context of a series of major socio-economic and political challenges facing the country and the absence of an effective state respo

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ARAKJİ, Abdul Aziz. "The Impact of the refugees on the European Union and Coronavirus Affects." MAS Journal Of Applied Sciences 7, no. 11 (2022): 58–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.52520/masjaps.201.

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The future of the European Union been at a high risk ever since the Syrian war, large number of refugees from the Middle East and North Africa began to flee into Europe with the Open-Door policy, a policy that led to trouble within the European Union. There were negative affects to such a policy that led certain countries to raise awareness and negative policies to limit the refugees, The United States of America made the situation more difficult with their interest in the European Natural resources and trade deals that could benefit the US on the long term. EU members started suffering from f

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Ostanin-Golovnya, Vasily, and Anna Pavliukova. "MEDITERRANEAN REFUGEE TRAFFIC: MAIN ROUTES AND PROBLEMS OF CONTROL." Scientific and Analytical Herald of IE RAS 5, no. 41 (2024): 27–36. https://doi.org/10.15211/vestnikieran520242736.

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The article analyzes the Mediterranean routes used by refugees from the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) on their way to the European Union. The authors cite data from reports by the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, the United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East, the World Organization against Torture, and a number of other international institutions. The relevance of this area of research is due to the fact that today there are about 118.3 million refugees and internally displaced persons in the world, and their main countries of origin are

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CHIARAMONTE, M., A. PUPO, T. MENEGON, V. BALDO, R. MALATESTA, and R. TRIVELLO. "HBV and HCV infection among non-European Union immigrants in North-East Italy." Epidemiology and Infection 121, no. 1 (1998): 179–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0950268898001034.

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The status of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection among non-European Union (non-EU) immigrants in North-East Italy was evaluated. Among the 1683 individuals tested the prevalence of HBsAg was 8·9% (150 subjects) and of HBV antibodies (anti-HBc with/without anti-HBs) was 38·9% (654 subjects). The distribution of HBV serological markers showed significant differences according to region of origin; the highest prevalence of infection (76·9%) and carriage (16·1%) was found in immigrants from sub-Saharan Africa. Among the 933 individuals screened for HCV infection, prevale

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Eyebiyi, Elieth, and Eugène Allossoukpo. "Return Migrants Reintegration Projects in West Africa: Critical Notes on the Sahel." Journal of US-Africa Studies International Journal of US and African Studies 1, no. 1 (2019): 158–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.21747/21846251/jouri1.

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Migration issue is more than ever on the agenda of global concerns, particularly with regard to Africa, even though human mobility remains essentially internal on the African continent and rooted in centuries-old circulatory traditions. While a large literature emphasizes the criminalization of migration from the South to the North, but also the policies of outsourcing borders and the control of flows, the links between migration and development are still poorly studied, particularly with regard to the returnees, expelled and other categories (re) integration. However, return migrants are ofte

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Sidaway, James D. "The (Geo)Politics of Regional Integration: The Example of the Southern African Development Community." Environment and Planning D: Society and Space 16, no. 5 (1998): 549–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/d160549.

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Although mindful of the context of debates about a global tendency towards the formation of regional communities [of which the Association of South East Asian Nations (ASEAN), the North American Free Trade Area (NAFTA), and the European Union (EU) are examples] the author focuses on the nature of regional integration in Southern Africa. In turn, however, the example of the Southern African Development Community (SADC) is used to reflect on a number of broader theoretical issues concerning discourses and processes of regional integration. The author notes how, in the early 1980s, the forerunner

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Herdi Sahrasad and Ibnu Rusyd. "Political Islam, European Muslim and Terrorism Issues: A Reflection." Konfrontasi: Jurnal Kultural, Ekonomi dan Perubahan Sosial 8, no. 3 (2021): 152–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.33258/konfrontasi2.v8i3.153.

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In the period 2014-2015, the European Union was shaken by the influx of migrants from the Middle East, North Africa, and the Balkans (Eastern Europe) who increasingly flooded the western region of the white continent. In a March 2015 report, UNHCR said the conflicts in Iraq and Syria brought the number of asylum seekers in Western countries in 2014 to the highest level in 22 years. There were an estimated 866,000 asylum seekers in 2014. That number is a 45 percent increase compared to 2013. And, during the 2014-16 refugee crisis from the Middle East and Africa, millions of refugee flows from t

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Timakova, Olga. "European Union interaction with South-Eastern Mediterranean: From “Ring of friends” to “Ring of fire”." Asia and Africa Today, no. 2 (2022): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s032150750015837-2.

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The Mediterranean region is key in the policy of the European Union, and the countries of the Middle East and North Africa are singled out in the group of Southern neighbors. Over the past decade, the region has undergone a profound transformation. Large-scale challenges - political instability, terrorism, migration, environmental problems and natural disasters - are beyond control. Crisis trends in the Middle East and most of North and Central Africa cause unpredictable and, most importantly, significant side effects that affect not only the security and stability of Europe, but also the func

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Sadomovskaya, M. E. "Legal Aspects of Combating Terrorism Financing and Money Laundering using Informal Money Transfer Systems in the European Union." Actual Problems of Russian Law 15, no. 7 (2020): 169–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.17803/1994-1471.2020.116.7.169-179.

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Currently, in the European Union, in addition to traditional money transfer systems (bank transfers, Western Union, etc.), informal (alternative) systems have spread. The most famous and widespread is hawala, which originated in South Asia many centuries ago, long before the banking system, and is still the most familiar and convenient mechanism for transferring funds in several regions of North Africa and the Middle East. Hawala operates outside the regulated banking and financial sector primarily through a complex settlement system: there is no actual transfer of funds within this system. In

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Amrani, Saâd, and Najib Lairini. "Le Maghreb dans le système régional et international : crises et mutations." Études internationales 22, no. 2 (2005): 339–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/702843ar.

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As the 1980s drew to a close in the Maghreb, old plans for unification were dusted off with the creation of the Arab Maghreb Union (UMA), an organization bringing together all five countries of North Africa : Algeria, Mauritania, Morocco, Tunisia, and Libya. This article seeks to analyze this new dynamic of regional integration by emphasizing its significance, its characteristics, its scope, and its limits. We express the hypothesis according to which the process of the Maghreb 's integration has been set in motion largely by the crisis in the inter-Arab System. Above all else, it represents a

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Magalhães, Manuela, and Ana Campina. "Migrants and Refugees in European Union: “Warm Peace”, Human Rights Education and Political Sustainability." Journal of Education and Training Studies 6, no. 11a (2018): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.11114/jets.v6i11a.3798.

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Considering the EU position and their state member facing serious Human Rights violation as well as a political complex diplomatic development (inside and outside) the European context. Holocaust has obliged millions of European citizens to “escape” from their own countries to be able to survive. The political consequences of this movement were controlled based on the diplomacy considering the war context and each state “position”. Due the most different reasons, along the 20th century the migration in, from and to Europe was an important and strong social movement but without a negative globa

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Marsili, Marco. "Towards A Strategic EU-NATO Security Partnership In Africa (Para Uma Parceria De Segurança Estratégica UE-NATO Em África)." Proelium 8, no. 4 (2020): 195–208. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3634718.

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Threats from Africa undermine the security of Europe. The European Union and NATO have 22 member countries in common, namely most of EU member states. The fundamental role of the Atlantic Alliance is to safeguard the freedom and security of its member countries by political and military means. Since the fall of the Berlin Wall, non-state actors and hybrid threats emerged as the major challenges to international security. NATO is evolving in response to new strategic reality, and terrorism and weak states are among the most pressing challenges the Alliance faces.&n

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Zgurić, Borna, and Lidija Kos-Stanišić. "The Transformation of Political Systems in North Africa and Central America." Političke perspektive 8, no. 1-2 (2019): 7–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.20901/pp.8.1-2.01.

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From the very beginning of the so-called Arab Spring in the winter of 2010, different authors drew parallels with the fall of communism and the democratization of Eastern Europe in 1989/1991. Even the name given to the political processes of the 2010 in North Africa was similar to the names of the political changes in communist Eastern Europe. The Eastern Europe parallel was strongly emphasized and the arguments that accompany it do carry some weight. However, this paper claims that because of the specificity of the communist regimes in Eastern Europe, its comparison to the Arab Spring is not

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Da Costa Mangueira, Ana Beatriz, and Filipe Reis Melo. "Acordos entre Espanha e países do Norte da África como mecanismos de controle das migrações irregulares nos anos 2000 | Agreements between Spain and North African countries as a mechanism of irregular migration control in the 2000s." Mural Internacional 12 (October 10, 2021): e59962. http://dx.doi.org/10.12957/rmi.2021.59962.

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Este artigo analisa como a Espanha securitizou fluxos migratórios irregulares do Norte da África na primeira década dos anos 2000. Esse processo realizou-se com medidas de segurança nas fronteiras, especialmente nas regiões de Ceuta e Melila. Por outro lado, os governos espanhóis ao longo daquela década reavivaram acordos firmados com os africanos ainda nos anos 1990 para readmissão de migrantes e para admissão de indivíduos no mercado de trabalho espanhol. A relação entre Espanha e países africanos foi contraditória, pois enquanto se buscava conter as migrações indesejadas, pretendia-se usar

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Bchir, Mohamed Hedi, Hakim Ben Hammouda, Mondher Mimouni, and Xavier Pichot. "The Necessity to Balance the Barcelona Process : Economic Integration between North Africa and the European Union." Journal of Economic Integration 26, no. 2 (2011): 329–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.11130/jei.2011.26.2.329.

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Akuru, Udochukwu B., Ogbonnaya I. Okoro, and Chibuike F. Maduko. "Harnessing Nigeria’s abundant solar energy potential using the DESERTEC model." Journal of Energy in Southern Africa 26, no. 3 (2015): 105–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/2413-3051/2016/v26i3a2148.

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The DESERTEC project, a European Union (EU) initiative to harness solar energy by means of Concentrated Solar Power (CSP) from Africa for use in Europe, shows the enormous potential that exists in alternative energy sources for the sub-region once there is political will. The Trans-Mediterranean Renewable Energy Corporation (TREC), a network of scientists and politicians who have taken it upon themselves to solve Europe’s energy problem using sun from Africa, conducted three studies which evaluated the potential of renewable energy resources in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA), the expe

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Beattie, Pauline, and Moses Bockarie. "THE NINTH FORUM OF THE EUROPEAN & DEVELOPING COUNTRIES CLINICAL TRIALS PARTNERSHIP." BMJ Global Health 4, Suppl 3 (2019): A1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2019-edc.1.

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The EDCTP community meets biennially to share research findings, plan new partnerships and collaborations, and discuss maximising impact from EDCTP-funded research. In 2018, the Ninth EDCTP Forum took place in Lisbon, Portugal, from 17–21 September 2018. The Lisbon meeting was the largest international conference focusing on clinical research on poverty-related infectious diseases in sub-Saharan Africa. It started with a strong commitment, from European and African EDCTP member countries, for a successor programme to EDCTP2 (2014–2024). It provided a platform for the presentation of project re

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da Costa Mangueira, Ana Beatriz. "May I Come In? EU Policies to Control Migration: The EUTF." Social Sciences 13, no. 7 (2024): 377. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/socsci13070377.

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What types of policies has the European Union (EU) implemented to control migration flows in recent decades, and what are their strategies? This paper aims to explore the measures developed by the EU to manage migration flows and identify how they operate. While a securitisation approach, such as activities of border control, has been widely discussed by scholars in this field, it is worth exploring and understanding other kinds of instruments aimed at curbing irregular flows through executing programs such as the Emergency Trust Fund for Africa (EUTF), developed in the aftermath of the Arab u

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Olech, Aleksander. "The Wagner Group in Africa. The sham battle of Russian mercenaries against terrorism." Przegląd Konstytucyjny, no. 5 (2024) (March 11, 2024): 273–309. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/27204383ter.24.010.19398.

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In recent years, the Wagner Group has significantly increased its presence in several African countries. Russian mercenaries have become involved in many conflicts in an effort to expand their influence. One of their main tasks was to fight against terrorism. The analyses carried out, in which the author used qualitative methods and sources relating to the theoretical and practical dimensions of the issue at hand, indicate that the Wagnerists have been posing as their operations in order to maintain military presence on the African continent. Intensifying the Wagner Group’s presence is a long-

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Odine, Maurice. "Cross-Cultural Communication for Business in Era of Globalization." Studies in Media and Communication 6, no. 1 (2018): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.11114/smc.v6i1.3298.

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The paper addresses the foundation of cross-cultural communication and its relation to global business. Shina Neo (2015) states that, humans take for granted their communication with one another, stating, “In a multicultural organization, how employees communicate can set the tone.” Populations in North Africa and the Middle East believe in “external control” over destiny, meaning events are predetermined. In Japan, the productivity movement is based on respect for humanity, which is focused on cooperation. John-ren Chen and Christian Smekal (2004) argue that liberalizing international markets

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Borlea, Sorin Nicolae, Codruta Mare, Monica Violeta Achim, and Adriana Puscas. "Direction of Causality Between Financial Development and Economic Growth. Evidence for Developing Countries." Studia Universitatis „Vasile Goldis” Arad – Economics Series 26, no. 2 (2016): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/sues-2016-0006.

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Abstract The results of extensive studies that analyzed the existence and meaning of correlations between the economic growth and the financial market development lead us to a more thorough study of these correlations. Therefore, we performed a broad study of the developing countries from around the world (the developing part of each region constructed by the World Bank through its Statistics Bureau). The regions taken into analysis were: Europe and Central Asia, South Asia, East Asia and the Pacific, the Arab world, Latin America & and the Caribbean, the Middle East and North Africa, and

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Pace, Michelle, and Francesco Cavatorta. "The Post-normative Turn in European Union (EU)-Middle East and North Africa (MENA) Relations: An Introduction." European Foreign Affairs Review 15, Issue 5 (2010): 581–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/eerr2010042.

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Martynov, A. "The Populist Party in the Countries of the European Union: the Ideological Profile and Activities at the Beginning of XXI Century." Problems of World History, no. 4 (June 8, 2017): 100–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.46869/2707-6776-2017-4-7.

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The article highlights the political renaissance of European right-wing populist skeptics in most countries of the European Union. These political parties to the global economic crisis in 2008, when the process of European integration was on the rise, remained on the margins of politics. The crisis of the liberal model of globalization, the influx of refugees from crisis areas of conflict in the Middle East and North Africa, increased social contradictions reanimated populist right-wing ideology. This socio-political response to this reality has pushed the popularity of far-right nationalist p

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Ollick, Stephan F. H. "The European Union in the Mediterranean Sea: Navigating the Political-Legal Shallows." Max Planck Yearbook of United Nations Law Online 21, no. 1 (2018): 271–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/13894633_021001009.

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The Mediterranean Sea has long been an important and perilous route for international migrants from the coast of North Africa to the European Union (EU). Manygrants and refugees travelling on overcrowded and unseaworthy dinghies do not survive the crossing. Rising numbers of fatalities put pressure on the EU to address the Mediterranean tragedy with renewed urgency. Frontex Operation Triton (2014–) and the naval mission eunavfor med Operation SOPHIA (2015–) were launched to survey and influence migratory flows. Although thousands of migrants and refugees have thus been delivered from distress

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Medushevsky, Nikolay A., and Tila Y. Nancia. "The Conceptual Foundations of the EU Migration Policy and Its Modern Transformation: Trends in the Legislation of the Confederation." Теория и практика общественного развития, no. 11 (November 27, 2024): 223–30. https://doi.org/10.24158/tipor.2024.11.26.

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The article delves into the analysis of the conceptual institutional and legal foundations of migration policy in the European Union. Following the events of the “Arab Spring”, European countries became a focal point for millions of refugees from North Africa and the Middle East. The European system proved unable to accommo-date and integrate such a large number of immigrants, who significantly differ from Europeans in cultural and religious aspects. Furthermore, the existing migration framework in the EU was prepared to accept and inte-grate only a limited number of migrants, providing them w

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Beneking, Andreas, Saskia Ellenbeck, and Antonella Battaglini. "Renewable energy cooperation between the EU and North Africa." International Journal of Energy Sector Management 10, no. 3 (2016): 312–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijesm-11-2014-0005.

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Purpose Following the issuance of the Renewable Energy Directive in 2009, the European Union (EU) is explicitly pushing for member states to cooperate with third countries to meet their EU 2020 targets. So far, no single joint project is planned or in place yet. This paper aims to look at the opportunities for and barriers to possible RE exports from North Africa into the EU through the concept of a SWOT (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats) analysis. Design/methodology/approach Thus, the SWOT for a possible implementation of Article 9 projects are analyzed using expert and stakeh

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Nascimbene, Bruno, Bruno Nascimbene, and Alessia Di Pascale. "The ‘Arab Spring’ and the Extraordinary Influx of People who Arrived in Italy from North Africa." European Journal of Migration and Law 13, no. 4 (2011): 341–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157181611x605855.

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Abstract The ‘Arab spring’ which spread in early 2011 and the consequent exceptional influx of people that arrived on the Italian coasts from North Africa put the national reception and asylum systems under particular pressure, also raising the debate on the status to be attributed to these people. Faced with a situation out of the ordinary, Italy immediately addressed a request for help to the European Union, which has revealed the difference of views and mistrust existing between Member States in relation to these issues. This episode also calls into question the scope and effectiveness of t

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Carbone, Maurizio. "Between ambition and ambivalence: Italy and the European Union's Mediterranean policy." Modern Italy 13, no. 2 (2008): 155–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13532940801962041.

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This article reviews Italy's role in the various phases of the European Union's policy towards the Mediterranean: the ad hoc policy of the 1950s and 1960s, the Global Mediterranean Policy developed in the 1970s, the Euro-Mediterranean Partnership agreed in Barcelona in 1995, the European Neighbourhood Policy signed in 2003, the proposal launched by French president Nicolas Sarkozy in 2006 for a Mediterranean Union. The overall argument is that the various Italian governments have carried out an ambivalent and often reactive policy: on the one hand, they have consistently tried to promote a Med

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Molnar, Lorena, and Marcelo F. Aebi. "Discrimination and victimisation of minorities in Spain: The research potential of the EU-MIDIS project." Revista Española de Investigación Criminológica 19, no. 2 (2021): 1–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.46381/reic.v19i2.513.

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This article highlights the research potential of the European Union Minorities and Discrimination Survey (EU-MIDIS), which the European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights had conducted twice across Europe by 2021. It begins with an overview of the EU-MIDIS project before concentrating on the second survey (EU-MIDIS II) conducted in 2015 and 2016 (N=25,500), the database of which is available in open access. The paper focuses on the main findings of the EU-MIDIS II in Spain, where the sample was composed of migrants from North Africa and people of Roma ethnicity (N=1,563). The main findings o

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Rabo, Annika. "ONN WINCKLER, Demographic Developments and Population Policies in Ba⊂thist Syria (Brighton: Sussex Academic Press, 1999). Pp. 223. $100.00 cloth." International Journal of Middle East Studies 32, no. 3 (2000): 428–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020743800002622.

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The globe is estimated to have 6 billion people today. The rapid increase of the human population has for decades been a common Western bogeyman. Now, at the turn of the millennium, the threat is brought out again. Today “the human time bomb” connotes uncontrolled fecundity in the Other, the non-Western or non-European. Demographic research shows that many countries in the Middle East and North Africa have among the highest rates of population growth in the contemporary world. Unlike Europe, where the nightmare of demographers and politicians is the aging and decreasing population, the Middle

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