Relevant bibliographies by topics / European Union commercial banks

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'European Union commercial banks'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 11 September 2021
Last updated: 12 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "European Union commercial banks"

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Korytowski, Marcin. "Banks’ profitability determinants in post-crisis European Union." International Journal of Finance & Banking Studies (2147-4486) 7, no. 1 (June 30, 2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.20525/ijfbs.v7i1.847.

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<p>The purpose of this article is to examine the impact of selected internal and external factors on a bank’s profitability. The research investigates the impact of operational size, liquidity, risk appetite, management efficiency, product diversification, concentration, GDP growth and inflation change on the profitability of sample of 4179 European commercial banks for the period between 2011 and 2015. The input data were obtained from the Orbis Focus and the World Bank databases. The determinants were used to construct two models with ROAA and ROAE as a proxies and regression analysis using between groups panel approach was conducted. It has been found that growing economy impacts banks’ profitability positively. The liquidity has been found to impact profitability positively, but statistically significant results were obtained only with the ROAA model. It has been robustly confirmed that management efficiency, product diversification, market concentration and inflation result in decreased profitability. The operational size has been found to be negatively linked to changes in net results but was confirmed only with ROAA model. Similarly, statistically significant results with regard to liquidity were found only for ROAA model and the correlation was positive. The strong negative impact of market concentration on profitability is an interesting finding allowing for further exploration of reasons for this unexpected vector of correlation.</p>
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Wójcik-Mazur, Agnieszka, and Marek Szajt. "Determinants of liquidity risk in commercial banks in the European Union." Argumenta Oeconomica 2, no. 35 (2015): 25–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.15611/aoe.2015.2.02.

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Maslennikov, A. "World Leading Commercial Banks in Crude Oil Derivatives Market." World Economy and International Relations, no. 9 (2015): 69–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.20542/0131-2227-2015-9-69-79.

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The article examines recent developments in the global market for crude oil futures contracts. Amid persistently high trading volume of futures contracts for Brent and WTI global oil benchmarks structure of the market has recently changed profoundly. Share of non-commercial investors who are not directly linked to physical oil operations and are often considered speculators in the trade turnover of futures contracts for WTI at the NYMEX exchange has exceeded 50%. Financial investors play a prominent role in price discovery process for crude oil. However, world leading commercial banks that used to be the major participants in crude oil futures market and were also actively engaged into physical oil trading operations presently are forced to adjust their strategies responding to the regulatory reforms unleashed in the USA and European Union after the global financial crisis of 2008/2009. Provisions of Dodd-Frank Act in the USA and similar regulations in the European Union member countries aim to limit banks’ involvement in commodity derivatives market exclusively to hedging activities referred to swap transactions between banks and their clients. New tighter regulation substantially increases costs of commodity derivatives’ business for commercial banks. Also, the current US legislation prohibits banks from proprietary trading with derivatives instruments. These legislative innovations could substantially reduce banks’ profits. The largest global commercial banks have already reduced their physical commodity trading activities. The author concludes that while it is still unclear how significant the retreat of banks from crude oil derivatives market will be, the established mechanism of oil price setting is unlikely to change dramatically as new players from the financial sector are entering the market, replacing commercial banks.
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Baklouti, Nizar, Frédéric Gautier, and François Aubert. "Effect of the legal system country of European commercial banks on the financial distress." International Journal of Accounting and Economics Studies 4, no. 2 (November 26, 2016): 168. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijaes.v4i2.6839.

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This study examines the effect of the legal system on the governance of banks and hence on financial distress. We compare corporate governance to the legal system in 18 countries of the European Union to explain the relationship between financial distress and bank governance. Using a sample of 147 commercial banks, we find that the effect of the legal system really counts. The results also suggest that banks operating in common law and civil law countries tend the concentration of ownership and board size to the effect of increasing the likelihood of financial distress. This study contributes to research in the governance of enterprise to provide empirical evidence that the legal system has the power to influence the financial health of banks.
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Baklouti, Nizar, Frédéric Gautier, and François Aubert. "Effect of the legal system country of European commercial banks on the financial distress." International Journal of Accounting and Economics Studies 5, no. 1 (February 28, 2017): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijaes.v5i1.6558.

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This study examines the effect of the legal system on the governance of banks and hence on financial distress. We compare corporate governance to the legal system in 18 countries of the European Union to explain the relationship between financial distress and bank governance. Using a sample of 147 commercial banks, we find that the effect of the legal system really counts. The results also suggest that banks operating in common law and civil law countries tend the concentration of ownership and board size to the effect of increasing the likelihood of financial distress. This study contributes to research in the governance of enterprise to provide empirical evidence that the legal system has the power to influence the financial health of banks.
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Pasiouras, Fotios, and Kyriaki Kosmidou. "Factors influencing the profitability of domestic and foreign commercial banks in the European Union." Research in International Business and Finance 21, no. 2 (June 2007): 222–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ribaf.2006.03.007.

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Santillán-Salgado, Roberto. "Banking concentration in the European Union during the last fifteen years." Panoeconomicus 58, no. 2 (2011): 245–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/pan1102245s.

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The increase in the concentration of the banking industry across European Union countries during the last fifteen years can be explained in terms of: a) global factors, like the comprehensive adoption of technological innovations, the intensification of competition that has resulted from the deregulation of the financial sector and, more recently, as a consequence of the government interventions and forced acquisitions prompted by the 2007-2009 financial crisis; and, b) factors that have been specific to the E.U., in particular, the structural changes that took place in the region as a result of the creation of the Single Financial Market (1993) and the introduction of the euro (1999). This work analyzes the concentration process of the banking industry in the E.U. during the last fifteen years giving preeminence to the strategic choices made by the region?s commercial banks. It also reports the most visible E.U. banks? M&As and government interventions that resulted from the 2007-2009 financial crisis, make a preliminary evaluation of the outcomes, and suggests possible future trends for the banking industry in the region.
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Gwoździewicz, Sylwia, Dariusz Prokopowicz, and Daniel Szybowski. "ACTIVATING INTERVENTIONIST MONETARY POLICY OF THE EUROPEAN CENTRAL BANK IN THE CONTEXT OF THE SECURITY OF THE EUROPEAN FINANCIAL SYSTEM." International Journal of New Economics and Social Sciences 4, no. 2 (December 30, 2016): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0010.3914.

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The development of market financial system in Poland was determined to a large extent, globally operating processes of the situation on the financial markets and the processes of adaptation to the normative standards and technological European Union. As part of anti-crisis measures leading central banks, Anglo-Saxon and European financial system have launched a high-budget system, interventionist assistance programs. Finally, the cost of rescuing the financial system was thrown to the proverbial John Doe ie. Most numerous segment of bank customers. Currentlyperformed research carried out in previous years, interventionist government programs to rescue the anti-crisis measures of the key players of the economy from bankruptcy financial and activation of demand, investment, production and liquidity in the credit market. In terms of development-oriented activities of government intervention, the European Central Bank continues to apply mild monetary policy of low interest rates in order to improve liquidity in the financial system and offering cheap money for the development of pro-investment share of credit of commercial banks operating in the European Union.
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Prokopowicz, Dariusz. "CONDITIONS FOR INTRODUCING A BANKING TAX IN POLAND." International Journal of Legal Studies ( IJOLS ) 2, no. 2 (December 29, 2017): 135–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0012.2248.

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This article describes the main determining factors of the implementation of a bank tax in commercial banks that run their activities in Poland. It also considers the importance of legal regulations of the rules for collecting this tax. The global financial crisis of 2008 was an important factor that has stimulated the processes of improving legal regulations concerning banks. Weakening economic situation and higher risk caused the need to improve procedures and banking legal regulations of the financial transactions safety in Poland. Improvement of banking system financial procedures is correlated with gradually progressing globalization but also with anti-crisis socio-economic policy in Poland. Therefore, the level of adaptation of legal procedures and norms regarding commercial banks in Poland to the European Union standards and guidelines of the Basel Committee is continuously improving. One of the specific aspects of these adjustment processes was the introduction of a bank tax, which operates in most European Union countries. The introduction of this tax could be one of the factors determining the sale of subsidiary companies, i.e. banks that are controlled in Poland by foreign financial institutions. Therefore this can be an important factor, which would accelerate the process of repolonization of the banking sector in Poland. The economically effective introduction of a bank tax depends among other things on efficient legislative process.
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Stehnei, Marianna, and Maryna Korol. "ANALYSIS OF THE DYNAMICS OF THE EUROPEAN BANKING SYSTEM." Baltic Journal of Economic Studies 6, no. 4 (November 24, 2020): 156–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/2256-0742/2020-6-4-156-167.

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Relevance of research. Existence of global financial crises points to the fact that in the world there is no perfect banking system and therefore the efficiency of the banking system requires a detailed study, including major performance indicators. The aim of the study is to summarize and characterize the existing trends of banking system evolution in the European Union. Methodological basis of the study – is based on the analysis of the study of the dynamics of such indicators as the number of banking institutions, the volume of assets and liabilities, asset quality, as well as the profitability of the banking sector of the European Union. A systematic analysis of the quantitative and qualitative composition of the above-mentioned banking indicators, synthesis and generalization were used to generalize and formulate conclusions. Scientific results. This article is devoted to the study of the dynamics of the main indicators of the European banking system during the period from 2000 to 2019 inclusive. It is argued that the number of commercial banks has decreased over the last decade, including in the European Union. Bank branches are no exception, the negative dynamics of the number of which was followed by the global financial crisis of 2008-2009. At the same time, it was found that the volume of bank assets shows a positive trend. Regarding the geographical distribution of assets, in 2019 the leading position was taken by France, Germany, Italy and Spain. At the same time, the volumes of liabilities of the financial sector of the European Union for the studied period also show a positive trend. The structure of loans is characterized and it is emphasized that the vast majority of loans are issued to non-financial corporations and households, which is an evidence of the business orientation of banks to provide loans to the real sector of the economy. It has been established that one of the key problems facing European banks is profitability, which today still could be on a better level than in 2007, the year of the financial surge. This situation distances European banks from competitors in the United States, which have shown positive dynamics of their profits. However, it is encouraging that the quality of assets of the European Union banks has significantly improved over the last 4 years. The practical significance of the study is to rate the strengths and weaknesses of the European banking system. Significance/originality. The results achieved from an integrated view of the functioning of the banking system of the European Union, which will allow the authors to further build a model for verifying the stability of the banking system.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "European Union commercial banks"

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Pasiouras, Fotios. "Development of bank acquisition targets prediction models." Thesis, Coventry University, 2005. http://curve.coventry.ac.uk/open/items/ecf1b00d-da92-9bd2-5b02-fa4fab8afb0c/1.

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This thesis develops a range of prediction models for the purpose of predicting the acquisition of commercial banks in the European Union using publicly available data. Over the last thirty years, there have been approximately 30 studies that have attempted to identify potential acquisition targets, all of them focusing on non-bank sectors. We consider that prediction models developed specifically for the banking industry are essential due to the unusual structure of banks' financial statements, differences in the environment in which banks operate and other specific characteristics of banks that in general distinguish them from non-financial firms. We focus specifically on the EU banking sector, where M&As activity has been considerable in recent years, yet academic research relating to the EU has been rather limited compared to the case of the US. The methodology for developing prediction models involved identifying past cases of acquired banks and combining these with non-acquired banks in order to evaluate the prediction accuracy of various quantitative classification techniques. In this study, we construct a base sample of commercial banks covering 15 EU countries, and financial variables measuring capital strength, profit and cost efficiency, liquidity, growth, size and market power, with data in both raw and country-adjusted (i.e. raw variables divided by the average of the banking sector for the corresponding country) form. In order to allow for a proper comparative evaluation of classification methods, we select common subsets of the base sample and variables with high discriminatory power, dividing the sample period (1998-2002) into training sub-sample for model development (1998-2000), and holdout sub-sample for model evaluation (2001-2002). Although the results tend to support the findings of studies on non-financial firms, highlighting the difficulties in predicting acquisition targets, the prediction models we develop show classification accuracies generally higher than chance assignment based on prior probabilities. We also consider the use of equal and unequal matched holdout samples for evaluation, and find that overall classification accuracy tends to increase in the unequal matched samples, implying that equal matched samples do not necessarily overstate the prediction ability of models. The main goal of this study has been to compare and evaluate a variety of classification methods including statistical, econometric, machine learning and operational research techniques, as well as integrated techniques combining the predictions of individual classification methods. We found that some methods achieved very high accuracies in classifying non-acquired banks, but at the cost of relatively poor accuracy performance in classifying acquired banks. This suggests a trade-off in achieving high classification accuracy, although some methods (e.g. Discriminant) performed reasonably well in terms of achieving balanced overall classification accuracies of above chance predictions. Integrated prediction models offer the advantage of counterbalancing relatively poor performance of some classification methods with good performance of others, but in doing so could not out-perform all individual classification methods considered. In general, we found that the outcome of which method performed best depended largely on the group classification accuracy considered, as well as to some extent on the choice of the discriminatory variables. Concerning the use of raw or country-adjusted data, we found no clear effect on the prediction ability of the classification methods.
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Khosravi, Taha. "The bank lending channel : an empirical assessment of measures to stimulate bank lending in the European Union." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2018. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/75171/.

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This thesis first examines the role of banks in the transmission mechanism of monetary policy by focusing on the eight European new member States of Central and Eastern Europe over the 2004-2013 period. We specifically investigate the influence of monetary policy changes on bank lending activity and if this potential influence is contingent on bank characteristics, such as banks' size, capital, liquidity, risk factor and market power. Moreover, we focus on the prospective role of banks in the monetary policy transmission mechanism in order to reveal any clear trends in banks' lending behaviour during the 2008-2011 financial crisis. Secondly, we investigate the impact of a protracted period of low monetary policy rates on loosening of banks' credit standards regarding enterprises, households and consumer loans through concentrating on the nine Eurozone countries involved since the initiation of the Euro area Bank Lending Survey in the three distinct time frames of pre- (2002Q4-2008Q3), mid- (2008Q4-2010Q4) and post- (2011Q1-2014:Q4) financial crisis. Furthermore, we test the fundamental concept of the risk taking channel by examining excessive risk-taking behaviour by banks in stressed vs. non-stressed countries of the Eurozone. In an additional analysis, the efficacy of the European Central Bank's 3 year Long-Term Refinancing Operations is evaluated in great depth in order to determine whether banks' credit standards have been softened and the degree to which demand for loans has increased. Thirdly, we explore the financing structure of bank lending constrained Small and Medium Sized Enterprises in the eleven Eurozone countries by utilising firm-level data over the period of 2009 to 2014. We estimate if bank lending constrained firms demonstrate relatively more usage or requests for alternative financing. Additionally, a comprehensive investigation is presented by unveiling the impact and determinants of various financing constraints including credit lines, bank loans, trade credit and other lending on Eurozone firms. Furthermore, the notion of discouraged borrowers originally formulated by Kon and Storey (2003) is empirically evaluated. Finally, we present the conclusion of our research by further outlining its limitations and prospective scope for future studies.
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Haag, Gustaf. "Currency Transaction Tax and the European Union : An analysis on the conformity between the EU treaties and the concept of a Currency Transaction Tax." Thesis, Internationella Handelshögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, IHH, Rättsvetenskap, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-14026.

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Never before in history has the amount of international trade been higher or more efficient than it is today. The fastest growing type of trade is the speculative currency trading, searching for instant profit based only on the anticipation of the variations in currency exchange rates. When currency speculation becomes an influential part of the capital flows it becomes harmful and creates instability of currency systems. Exchange rates starts to fluctuate due to the will and anticipation of speculators rather than the economic health of the country associated with the currency. This has led to recurring currency crises all over the world and an increased interest in regulatory mechanisms. One of the most discussed mechanisms proposed to handle this harmful evolution of the foreign exchange markets is the Currency Transaction Tax (CTT). The CTT stipulates a low tax (0.1 per cent) on all currency transaction to curb the incitement of short-term speculation based on a large amount of smaller transactions. The purpose of this thesis is to examine whether an implementation of a CTT is compatible with the EU treaties. This purpose consists of two research questions; whether the CTT is in conformity with the substantive law of the EU, more precisely the free movements of capital, and if the CTT is in conformity with the Economic and Monetary Union (EMU) and the exclusive power of the European System of Central Banks (ESCB) over monetary policy. Since this thesis aims to identify if the CTT is in conformity with existing legislation, the traditional doctrinal method is used for identifying and analysing potential difficulties with the CTT and to interpret these provisions in the light of ECJ case law and literature. The thesis concludes that the CTT is in conformity with the EU treaties. It does however require the full cooperation of the ESCB and ECB to achieve the objectives; to create a more stable currency market. The CTT is ready to implement.
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Mikkonen, Katri. "Regulation of Multinational Banks in the European Union." Diss., lmu, 2006. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-56289.

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Toscano, Vanessa Miguel. "Determinants of bank capital ratios in European Union banks." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/19516.

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Mestrado em Finanças
Neste trabalho, analisamos os determinantes do rácio Common Equity Tier 1 (CET1) dos bancos da União Europeia após a Crise das Dívidas Soberanas. Utilizámos informação da base de dados do Bankscope. Exportámos informação de 137 bancos dos 27 paises da UE no período de 2011 a 2018. Baseámos o nosso estudo numa análise de regressão, sendo que analisámos vários modelos de forma a analisar od determinantes e qual o seu impacto no rácio CET1. Para atestar a robustez dos resultados, replicámos a análise aplicando um processo winsor à variável dependente e à variável que representa o Return on Equity. Verificámos que o tamanho, a exposição ao risco, a alavancagem e a liquidez são fatores que afetam o rácio CET1 e consequentemente a solvabilidade do banco. Adicionalmente, observámos que o programa de compra de ativos por parte do Banco Central Europeu (BCE) aparenta aumentar a capacidade dos bancos para absorver as suas potencias perdas, pelo o que se justifica este tipo de ações por parte do regulador.
We analysed European Union banks' Common Equity Tier 1 (CET1) ratio determinants after Sovereign Debt Crisis. We resorted to information from the Bankscope database. We exported information of 137 banks from the 27 countries belonging to the EU, from 2011 to 2018. We performed a regression analysis, running several models to identify the significant variables and their impact on the CET1 ratio. To attest the results' robustness, we replicate the analysis winsorizing the dependent variable and the variable that represents Return on Equity. We verified that size, risk exposure, leverage and liquidity are factors that affect CET1 ratio and banks solvency. Additionally, we observed that the European Central Banks' (ECB) asset purchase program seems to increase banks' capacity to absorb potential losses, which justifies this kind of measures by the regulator.
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Kryvko, Anna [Verfasser], and Peter [Akademischer Betreuer] Reichling. "Efficiency, corporate governance and performance of European commercial banks / Anna Kryvko. Betreuer: Peter Reichling." Magdeburg : Universitätsbibliothek, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1054419760/34.

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Jesus, André Filipe Tanque de. "Single resolution mechanism : the impact on european banks’ risk." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/17666.

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Mestrado em Finanças
Assim que a falência do Lehman Brothers abalou os mercados financeiros mundiais, emergiu na Europa uma onda de injeção de capital em bancos, levando a que todos os responsáveis políticos desse lado do Atlântico soubessem, de forma imediata, que algo teria de mudar. Contudo, apenas cinco anos depois, a União Europeia deu o pontapé de saída para o Mecanismo Único de Resolução (SRM, na sigla anglo-saxónica). A 21 de maio de 2014, os então 26 Estados Membros chegaram a acordo para a criação do Fundo Único de Resolução (SRF, na sigla anglo-saxónica), a fundação daquela que é, atualmente, a rede de segurança da economia europeia perante os bancos. No entanto, terá esta medida sido bem sucedida? Isso é algo que só o tempo poderá responder. Por agora, este estudo procura compreender se o Mecanismo Único de Resolução teve um impacto imediato no risco sistémico dos bancos europeus. Como poderemos demonstrar mais à frente, com base em dados de mercado recolhidos nos períodos antes e depois do acordo, o risco sistémico dos bancos europeus, medido pelo beta, melhorou substancialmente, quando comparado com a média dos restantes sectores. Ao mesmo tempo, revelamos que houve uma redução da volatilidade dos bancos, ao passo que nas restantes empresas acabou mesmo por deteriorar-se. Finalmente, procuramos fazer uma análise regional comparando as empresas dos países "Centrais", "Nórdicos" e "Periféricos" da União Europeia, concluíndo que o primeiro grupo tirou maior partido deste processo, com base o beta.
As soon as the Lehman Brothers' file for bankruptcy rocked global financial markets, a wave of State capital injections into banks emerged in Europe, and every lawmaker on that side of the Atlantic knew straight away that something had to change. However, it was only five years later that the European Union set the first stone for the Single Resolution Mechanism (SRM). On May 21st, 2014, the then 26 Member States agreed on the creation of the Single Resolution Fund (SRF), the foundation of what is now the European economy's safety-net before the banks. Yet, has this proven to be successful? That is something only time will be able to answer. For now, this study aims to understand if the Single Resolution Mechanism had an immediate impact on the European banks' risk. As we will be able to demonstrate further on, based on market data from before and after this agreement, the European Union banks' risk, measured by beta, was significantly reduced when compared to the average of every other sector. At the same time, we show that volatility also improved on banks, while actually increased among the other companies. Finally, we attempt a region analysis by comparing companies from the "Core", "Nordic", and "Peripheral" countries in the European Union, concluding the first group was able to take more advantage from this process based on their beta.
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Newrosy, Aref. "The need for cross-border injunctions in international commercial arbitration within the European Union." Thesis, Toulouse 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019TOU10024.

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Ojiegbe, Chukwudi Paschal. "The interface between international commercial arbitration and the Brussels I Regime." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2016. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=231752.

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The treatment of international commercial arbitration in the EU judicial area has been intensely debated, particularly in relation to the scope of the arbitration exclusion contained in the 'Brussels I Regime,' the three EU Brussels instruments on jurisdiction and the recognition and enforcement of judgments in civil and commercial matters. The original Brussels Convention was replaced by the Brussels I Regulation, which was in turn replaced by the Brussels I Recast, the current EU legislative framework on jurisdiction. Arbitration was excluded from the scope of the Brussels Convention by virtue of Art 1(4), and the same arbitration exclusion is retained in Art 1(2)(d) of the Brussels I Regulation and the Brussels I Recast. Yet, the interaction of commercial arbitration with the Brussels I Regime in the EU remains controversial despite the arbitration exclusion. The controversy is largely based on the unregulated interface between commercial arbitration and the Brussels I Regime, which is created by the fact that neither the Brussels I Regime nor the New York Convention provide mechanisms to properly address the situation in which matters that are ordinarily addressed in international commercial arbitration may also fall within the material scope of the Brussels I Regime. It follows that international commercial arbitration based on the New York Convention and international commercial litigation based on the Brussels I Regime may interact in the process of the arbitral tribunals and courts of Member States exercising jurisdiction in civil and commercial matters, as both instruments in any such interaction each require respect and obedience, but do not otherwise regulate their potential conflict, this can lead to an undesirable degree of uncertainty between the two regimes. The Brussels I Recast contains a new Recital 12 that provides greater clarity in relation to the scope of the arbitration exclusion in Art 1(2)(d). However, the Recital does not entirely resolve all the questions concerning the arbitration/litigation interface. Therefore, in view of the remaining problems which the Brussels I Recast did not specifically address, it is suggested in this thesis that: (1) the wording of the Treaties relating to the exclusive external competence of the EU should be made clearer; (2) specific rules that will allow the Member State court with jurisdiction under the Brussels I Regime the possibility of staying the litigation at the request of the arbitral tribunal should be included in the future revision of the Brussels I Regime. The proposed solution would not undermine the operation of the New York Convention; neither would it create exclusive external competence of the EU in aspects of international commercial arbitration, which is the main political concern of some Member States with regard to partially including arbitration within the scope of the Brussels I Regime.
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Guei, Kore Marc Antoine. "Revenue, welfare and trade effects of EU FTA on South Africa." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/6137.

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The study used the partial equilibrium WITS-SMART Simulation Model to assess the impact of liberalization under the Trade Development and Cooperation Agreement (TDCA) of a free trade area between the EU and South Africa. The findings of the study reveal that total trade effects in South Africa are likely to surge by US$ 1.036 billion with a total welfare valued at US$ 134 million. Dismantling tariffs on all EU goods would be beneficial to consumers through net trade creation. Total trade creation would be US$ 782 million. However, South African producers are likely to contribute a trade diversion of US$ 254 million which has a negative impact on consumer welfare. The country might also experience a revenue loss amounting to US$ 562 million due to the removal of tariffs. On trade, the country’s export and import to the EU is expected to increase by US$ 12.419 million and US$ 1.266 million respectively. To mitigate revenue loss, the country should try to diversify its current tax base.
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Books on the topic "European Union commercial banks"

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Regulating and supervising investment services in the European Union. Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire: Palgrave Macmillan, 2003.

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Bock, Hanne. Elsevier's dictionary of European community company/business/financial law: In English, Danish, and German. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1997.

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1970-, Trone John, and SpringerLink (Online service), eds. Commercial Law of the European Union. Dordrecht: Springer Science+Business Media B.V., 2010.

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Moens, Gabriël, and John Trone. Commercial Law of the European Union. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-8774-4.

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Sundaram, G. India and the European Union. New Delhi: Allied Publishers, 1997.

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Hugg, Patrick R. A guide to European union commercial practice. Dobbs Ferry, N.Y: Oceana Publications, 2003.

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Wilding, Peter. Influencing the European Union. London: Thorogood, 1998.

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Beneyto, José María, and Luis M. Hinojosa Martínez. European banking union: The new regime. Alphen aan den Rijn, The Netherlands: Kluwer Law International, 2015.

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European banking union: Prospects and challenges. New York, NY: Routledge, 2015.

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Cannon, Raymond. Business law of the European Union: A practice guide. New York, NY: Matthew Bender, 1996.

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Book chapters on the topic "European Union commercial banks"

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Woolcock, Stephen. "European Union Common Commercial Policy." In Handbuch Europäische Union, 1–21. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-17436-1_32-1.

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Woolcock, Stephen. "European Union Common Commercial Policy." In Handbuch Europäische Union, 821–41. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-17409-5_32.

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Meissner, Katharina L. "Theorizing European Union trade policy." In Commercial Realism and EU Trade Policy, 21–66. Abingdon, Oxon ; NewYork, NY : Routledge, 2018. | Series: Routledge/UACES contemporary European studies: Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781351047647-2.

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Moens, Gabriël, and John Trone. "Commercial Law and Policy." In Commercial Law of the European Union, 149–81. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-8774-4_5.

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Moens, Gabriël, and John Trone. "Industrial and Commercial Property Rights." In Commercial Law of the European Union, 259–93. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-8774-4_9.

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Moens, Gabriël, and John Trone. "Social Dimension of the European Union." In Commercial Law of the European Union, 295–335. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-8774-4_10.

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Meissner, Katharina L. "Economic power and European Union trade policy." In Commercial Realism and EU Trade Policy, 197–212. Abingdon, Oxon ; NewYork, NY : Routledge, 2018. | Series: Routledge/UACES contemporary European studies: Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781351047647-6.

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Moens, Gabriël, and John Trone. "The Political Institutions of the European Union." In Commercial Law of the European Union, 1–38. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-8774-4_1.

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Moens, Gabriël, and John Trone. "Judicial Review and the European Court of Justice." In Commercial Law of the European Union, 337–66. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-8774-4_11.

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Moens, Gabriël, and John Trone. "The Effect of EU Law upon National Law." In Commercial Law of the European Union, 367–96. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-8774-4_12.

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Conference papers on the topic "European Union commercial banks"

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Polouček, Stanislav. "Credit Behaviour of Banks in the European Union in the Wake of Global Economic Crisis." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c01.00221.

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Recent financial crises hit many countries. The impact on Visegrad countries in credit area was not damaging. The main reason was stability and soundness of financial (banking) sectors in these countries and an adequate response of central banks as well as flexible management of commercial banks. Commercial banks, usually daughter companies of western banks, used above all domestic deposits for financing credits. This played a key role in credit area and helped to keep the financial system stable. It is important to underpin that responses to the crisis have been rather heterogeneous in central European countries and there are quite big disparities among Visegrad countries, too. In the paper developments and responses of the commercial banks to the crisis and their stability have been discussed on the basis of deposits, loans of monetary financial institutions to the non-financial sector, households, governments, lending for house purchase and credit for consumption in several EU countries. Net position of banks vis-á-vis foreign banks is taken into account, too.
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"Banks and Commercial Property. Rethinking Lending Strategies." In 4th European Real Estate Society Conference: ERES Conference 1997. ERES, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.15396/eres1997_128.

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Viscicka, Sofija. "Combat late payment in commercial transactions: Experience of European Union." In The 6th International Scientific Conference "Business and Management 2010". Vilnius, Lithuania: Vilnius Gediminas Technical University Publishing House Technika, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/bm.2010.038.

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Gwynn, Roma. "Effect of regulation on commercial development of microbial biopesticides in the European Union." In 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.95057.

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Kuşcu, Sinan. "European Union, Eurasian Transportation Policies and Prospective Effects on Region Economies." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c03.00504.

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Accessibility is assumed as one of the most important indicators of a modern and advanced society. EU has structuring and development models in issues like transportation, informatics, politics, education, justice etc. The EU member states conduct intensive studies in fields of importance in line with a state’s individual priorities. The fundamental purpose of these studies is to bolster social welfare of member states, to improve trade and to attain commercial advantages over the competitors like Pacific Nations and North America. EU’s Transportation Policies reflect the EU transportation sector’s standards in general. In this study, we will discuss EU’s transportation policies, as a significant actor in the global economy, intended to attain some advantages in the international competition and particularly against Pacific nations as well as the effects of these policies on regional economies.
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Sang, Haoran. "Research on the Credit Risk and System Risk of Commercial Banks in China after the European Debt Crisis." In 2018 2nd International Conference on Management, Education and Social Science (ICMESS 2018). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icmess-18.2018.307.

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Gözkaman, Armağan. "The (No-)Impact of the Arms Embargo on the Relations between the European Union and China." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c05.01076.

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The present study focuses on the relations between China and the European Union by taking into consideration a specific matter of discord: The arms embargo, which is effective since 1987 and which has political and economic repercussions. Chinese authorities have frequently asked for the removal of the embargo, but the European authorities declined despite internal divisions. Nevertheless, commercial relations between Brussels and Beijing grow bigger and no deterioration is expected in the foreseeable future. The objective of the study is to find the reasons why the embargo may still remain in place. The reason why European authorities stick to the ban is threefold. First, their arms sales to China can lead to a shift in the balance of power with undesired consequences. Second, the European Union is backed by major powers (especially Japan and the USA) on the issue. Third, the current stalemate has not impeded the development of political and economic relations between Beijing and Brussels so far.
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Pyka, Anna, and Aleksandra Nocoń. "Polish versus European banking sector − characteristics, consolidation, ownership changes." In Contemporary Issues in Business, Management and Economics Engineering. Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/cibmee.2019.032.

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Purpose – the main aim of the study is an assessment of the banking sector in Poland, including the size of the sector, banking institutions forming the sector and consolidation processes taking place in the sector against the background of banking sectors in other countries. The paper also indicates ownership changes as a consequence of consolidation processes in the banking sectors after the global financial crisis of 2008−2012. Research methodology – the following research methods were used: cause and effect analysis, comparative analysis, case studies, observation method, secondary data analysis, and synthesis method. Findings – the research allowed to find out that the banking sector in Poland is growing at a rate significantly exceeding the growth rate in other European countries. However, rapid development does not mean a radical increase in the importance of this sector in Europe. Concentration ratios of the Polish banking sector show continuous but slight increases, although their level is still quite low compared to other European Union countries. Moreover, in Poland, a decreasing number of banks, observed in recent years, reduces a share of foreign investors in the structure of the sector. This means a high activity of domestic investors in taking over bank capital. Research limitations – the main research limitation is that the study mainly focuses on changes as well as comparative analysis of the concentration ratio (CR5). While further research should be expanded by more measures to compare ownership structure and the profitability of Polish and the European Unionʼs banking sectors. Practical implications – the results might be useful for central banks and supervisory authorities when it comes to their role in changes in the ownership structure of banking sectors. Originality/Value – the main value of the article is the in-depth analysis of the ownership structure of the Polish banking sector in the background of the European ones
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Topcu, Mustafa Kemal, Poyraz Gürson, Halil İbrahim Ülker, and Turan Erman Erkan. "EU Debt Crisis and Contagious Effect via Transmission Mechanisms: Possible Effects on Turkey." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c04.00641.

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The common features of the crises, which are resulted from global crisis rooted from the US and emerged in Euro Zone sequentially, are the rate of public debt and budget deficit of GNP far from reflecting Maastricht criteria. Beginning in Greece in 2009, it has been seen in Ireland, Italy, Portugal, and Spain in a recent time. Although money union is established, leaving financial policies to country’s own initiative resulted in unsolved problems. Seeking solutions with IMF led to some sustainability programs. However, expectations show that debts will not be overcome for a long period. Towards this end, it is possible for Turkey to be affected since European Union is her biggest trade partner. There is a general consensus on that trade and credit channel of transmission mechanisms would affect Turkey. Export preserves its level at 55%. Likewise, a large part of foreign debt of Turkey is to European banks. Furthermore, sustainment of the recent growth trend of Turkey requires new funds. In case European banks strengthen their capital by means of downsizing their balance sheets as a restructuring, Turkey may be in a challenging position.
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Haynes, Ed. "European Pressure Vessel Standards: Further Progress." In ASME 2006 Pressure Vessels and Piping/ICPVT-11 Conference. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2006-icpvt-11-94035.

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Publication of the main European pressure equipment standards in May 2002 coincided with the end of the transition period for introduction of the Pressure Equipment Directive. This comprehensive series of standards, replacing the many former national standards in Europe, extends to some 300 standards and another 600 supporting standards. Completing the program and further developing these standards continues to involve extensive collaborative effort, selecting the best practices from the enlarged European Union and elsewhere in the world. Account is being taken of technical and commercial considerations, design by analysis techniques, and best practices in permanent joining, non-destructive testing and materials manufacture. In addition, research work has been carried out to justify or confirm radical approaches to the entire process of design, manufacture, installation and operation of pressure equipment. This paper updates the further progress with some of the standards, in particular in relation to the use of aluminium and cast iron materials in pressure vessels, test pressures, further developments in the use of design techniques, and aspects of creep design. Mention is also made of the ways in which practical experience is being fed back into the standards-making processes to ensure that economic aspects continue to be balanced with safety considerations within an overall structured intellectual framework.
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