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Journal articles on the topic 'European Union countries – Enlargement'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 10 March 2023

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Basov, F. "German Policy towards EU Enlargement." World Economy and International Relations, no. 4 (2015): 18–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.20542/0131-2227-2015-4-18-22.

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This article is dedicated to the German policy towards the EU enlargement. Its history as well as the current German policy towards prospective enlargements are analyzed in this paper. The article offers party-political and sociological analysis of Germany`s attitude towards the EU enlargement, also the reasons for it are determined. FRG supported all of the European Community and European Union enlargements. This line is being continued, but nowadays only step to step approach is being supported. Germany‘s motives to the EU enlargement are based on the liberal concept of the common security.

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2

Krajišnik, Milenko, and Aleksandra Žutić. "Impact of the Enlargement of the European Union on the Foreign Trade and Development of the New Members." ECONOMICS 5, no. 1 (2017): 36–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/eoik-2017-0010.

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SummaryOne of the most important characteristics of the process of globalization is the creation of different regional economic integrations. The most developed regional economic integration in the world is the European Union. Since it was found, when six founder countries created the free trade area for coal and steel, European Union passed all the phases of development of the economic integration, through the customs union and common market to the economic and monetary union. Through the six waves of enlargement European Union has become the integration of 28 countries with over 500 million

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3

Oosterhof, Albert. "Legal Aspects of the EU Enlargement Negotiations." Leiden Journal of International Law 7, no. 2 (1994): 73–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0922156500002983.

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The recently concluded enlargement negotiations between the European Union and four applicant countries -Austria, Sweden, Finland and Norway-have so far been the last in a series of intensive negotiating efforts since the conclusion of the Treaty on the European Union (EU), the Agreement on the European Economic Area (EEA), the European Agreements with the Central and Eastern European countries and the conclusion of the Uruguay Round.

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4

Lodge, Juliet. "European Union and the EFTA countries: enlargement and integration." International Affairs 71, no. 1 (1995): 169. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2624064.

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5

Sbragia, Alberta, and Thomas Pedersen. "European Union and the EFTA Countries: Enlargement and Integration." CrossRef Listing of Deleted DOIs 25, no. 1 (1995): 122. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3330662.

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6

Podpiera, Richard, and Tomás Dvorák. "European Union Enlargement and Equity Markets in Accession Countries." IMF Working Papers 05, no. 182 (2005): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5089/9781451862010.001.

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7

Dvořák, Tomáš, and Richard Podpiera. "European Union enlargement and equity markets in accession countries." Emerging Markets Review 7, no. 2 (2006): 129–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ememar.2005.09.009.

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8

Kovačič, Art. "European Union and Sustainable Development Indicators." Management of Sustainable Development 9, no. 2 (2017): 19–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/msd-2017-0018.

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Abstract Assessment of sustainable position of selected countries is the important challenge in the last years. The sustainable theory has changed from the years of Rio conference and the availability of statistical resources is becoming better. Sustainable development is an important objective for each country. Enlargement of the EU has brought the current priorities and future direction of EU environmental policy sharply into focus. Enlargement process has increased the standards of environmental protection and social development. Significant environmental investments are necessary and the n

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9

Redzepagic, Srdjan. "Agriculture of central and eastern European countries in the European Union." Panoeconomicus 53, no. 4 (2006): 457–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/pan0604457r.

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Agriculture posed considerable tensions for the processes of enlargement of the European Union, because of its continuing importance both in the economies of the applicant countries of Central and Eastern European countries which have joined EU on the 1st may 2004., and in the EU budget and acquits communautaire. The preparation of agriculture in the candidate countries to join the EU was rendered more complex by the fact that the Community's Common Agricultural Policy was a moving target. The aim of this paper is to show the bases elements of the Common Agricultural Policy, but also to provid

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Morokvasic, Mirjana. "Migrations in Europe: Fears due to the enlargement of the EU to the East." Stanovnistvo 41, no. 1-4 (2003): 131–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/stnv0304131m.

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The European Union is confronted with the biggest enlargement in its history: ten states, among them eight middle European - the so called "buffer zone" in the new European migration landscape - will become members in 2004. Other candidates hope to join in the coming years. For all Eastern and Eastern European countries, including those that are not candidates, the end of the bi-polar world meant a hope of "return to Europe". When shifting its borders to the East, the European Union both includes and excludes. The final objective to achieve Europe as "a space of freedom, security and justice",

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Winzen, Thomas, and Frank Schimmelfennig. "Explaining differentiation in European Union treaties." European Union Politics 17, no. 4 (2016): 616–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1465116516640386.

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Since the early 1990s, European integration has become increasingly differentiated. Analysing the conditions under which member states make use of the opportunity to opt out of, or exclude other countries from, European integration, we argue that different explanations apply to treaty and accession negotiations, respectively. Threatening to block deeper integration, member states with strong national identities secure differentiations in treaty reform. In enlargement, in turn, old member states fear economic disadvantages and low administrative capacity and therefore impose differentiation on

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Dabic, Dragana. "The crisis of democracy in Eastern Europe: (un)successful political integration of new members?" Medjunarodni problemi 71, no. 2 (2019): 188–214. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/medjp1902188d.

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The main hypothesis of this paper is that when it comes to its member states, the European Union does not possess effective legal and political mechanisms to sanction and/or reverse their democratic backsliding. Emphasis is put on the examples of violations of liberal-democratic norms undertaken by governments in Hungary, Poland and Romania, in order to analyse political will, ability, and legitimacy of the European Union to defend basic values stated in the Founding Act. The aim of the author is to examine the impact of questionable political integration of Eastern European countries in regar

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13

Bocevski, Ivca. "European Integration and the Western Balkans – What Now?" Foreign Policy Review 16, no. 1 (2023): 9–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.47706/kkifpr.2023.1.9-20.

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Is there a real perspective for the full integration of the Western Balkans Six in the European Union, or is the accession process already dead? “Something is rotten in the state of the European integration of the Western Balkans” is not just a poetic way to describe the state of affairs regarding full accession, but a reality. The European Union, and previously the European Economic Community, was quite efficient in previous cycles of European enlargement. Virtually all the accession processes were completed within the mandate of a single European Commission once the negotiation processes had

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Zulkarnaen, Muhammad Jave. "EU ENLARGEMENT: TURKISH ACCESSION AND IDENTITY." DIA Jurnal Ilmiah Administrasi Publik 18, no. 2 (2020): 143–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.30996/dia.v18i2.4381.

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Turkey is one of the most important countries for the EU because it has a strategic position in Western Europe, Eastern Europe, and even the Middle East. The good relationship between Turkey and the EU is based on history such as war, diplomacy, trade, art, cuisine, to culture. For centuries, the relationship between the two marked the deep economic, cultural, artistic, and social cooperation between the Ottoman Empire and the European powers of the fifteenth to the seventeenth centuries. At the same time, conflict and competition create an identity perception among EU countries towards Turkey

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Szymańska, Agata. "Tax revenues in the European Union countries." Wiadomości Statystyczne. The Polish Statistician 62, no. 5 (2017): 79–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.0921.

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The aim of this paper is to analyse tax revenues and examine similarities of selected tax revenues (mainly VAT, CIT, PIT and excise duty) in the European Union countries. The analysis of the EU members concerns the period between 2003 (i.e. the year preceding the biggest enlargement of the EU) and 2012 (due to data completeness). Tax rates and the structure of tax revenues in the EU countries were compared and then the cluster analysis was applied to assess the similarity of tax revenues. The analysis suggests that the process of tax harmonization, which took place in the period considered, di

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Ördögh, Tibor. "Smart Resilience and EU Enlargement Policy." Pro Publico Bono – Magyar Közigazgatás 12, no. 2 (2024): 3–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.32575/ppb.2024.2.1.

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The European Union’s enlargement policy is an ever-changing policy area. Today, its flexibility is illustrated by an ever more diverse set of entry rules. In the half-century since the first round of enlargement, the transposition of thousands of pages of legislation has been accompanied by the harmonisation of laws and the incorporation of other values, along with indicators of economic maturity. In the wake of the first two enlargements, the credibility of the European Union was under threat in the eyes of the political elite and society in the applicant countries, and reforms were introduce

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Klimoska, Katerina. "The European Enlargement Policy Undergoing a Process of Change." Studia Europejskie – Studies in European Affairs 28, no. 3 (2024): 89–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.33067/se.3.2024.5.

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The European Union endeavours to capitalise on and achieve its geopolitical ambitions through the policy of enlargement, framing the countries within geographical Europe. This paper employs discourse analysis and historical methods to address the following research question: In the context of geopolitical changes, what is the European Union’s response towards enlargement, and is the nature of the European enlargement policy undergoing a process of change?

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Bigelli, Marco, and Gianluca Ghini. "Eastward enlargement: Privatization in MECC." Corporate Ownership and Control 2, no. 4 (2005): 32–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/cocv2i4p2.

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This paper tries to offer a review of the literature on the main privatisation methods adopted by the Central and East European Countries which have joined European Union in 2004. After having analysed the major advantages and short comes of each privatisation method the paper briefly describes the privatisation processes adopted by each single country.

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Makul, Anes, and Adem Olovčić. "We Are (Not) a Family? Analysis of Argumentation in Favor of Eu Enlargement in the Western Balkans after the 2003 and 2018 Summits." Društvene i humanističke studije (Online) 7, no. 1(18) (2022): 333–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.51558/2490-3647.2022.7.1.333.

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This paper aims to investigate the change in EU rhetoric on enlargement to the Western Balkans using analysis and comparison of the arguments of EU officials and strategic documents, which are closely related to the Union's enlargement policy to the Western Balkans, after the European Council summits on the enlargement of the Union, in 2003 and 2018. Following the fundamental tendency to enlarge the Union in the context of the common foreign and security policy, European officials articulated this differently in the context of the two summits. While during and after the first Summit, the Europ

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Hrubinko, Andriy. "British Policy toward the eastern enlargement of the European Union: historical aspects." European Historical Studies, no. 5 (2016): 20–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2524-048x.2016.05.20-32.

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The article describes historical features of shaping and implementation of British policy toward the Eastern enlargement of the European Union, its impact on the implementation of the Сommon Foreign and Security Policy in the Central and Eastern Europe region. The author denotes that the history of participation of the UK in implementing Eastern enlargement of the EU not been sufficiently investigated. According to the author’s vision, the policy of the enlargement of the EU is seen as an integral part of united foreign and security policy and as a factor of its implementation in countries of

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TYRPENOU (Α.Ε.ΤΥΡΠΕΝΟΥ), A. E. "Enlargement of the European Union ... an historic opportunity." Journal of the Hellenic Veterinary Medical Society 57, no. 3 (2017): 230. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/jhvms.15045.

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Enlargement is one of the most powerful political tools of the European Union and the driving force which has helped in the transformation of the Central and East Europe. From the moment it was created in 1950 is continuously enlarging and has recendy inspired ambitious reformations for Turkey, Croatia and West Balkans. Its founder members call the people of Europe which put their ideas and unified their efforts. Since that time and according to the article 49 of the European Union, it has been grown up from the 6 initial states to 9, 10, 12, 15 and recently to 25. The process still goes on to

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Mahmutefendic, Tahir. "The Eu Enlargement. How to be Like the Irish and not the Greek?" ECONOMICS 7, no. 2 (2019): 49–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/eoik-2019-0021.

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Abstract Apart from the former EFTA members (Iceland, Lichtenstein, Norway and Switzerland) and a few former republics of the Soviet Union (Bjelorussia, Moldova and Ukraina) the countries of the Western Balkans are the only European states outside of the European Union. They are very keen to join the Union. The Balkans have always been the poorest part of Europe. The appeal of the wealthy European Union is apparent. Access to the largest market in the world, investment, modern technologies and generous regional funds give a hope that by joining the EU the Western Balkans countries will join th

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Art, Kovačič. "European Union and Sustainable Development Assessment in the Business Sector." Management of Sustainable Development 10, no. 1 (2018): 37–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/msd-2018-0006.

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Abstract Assessment of sustainable position of selected countries is the important challenge in the last years. The sustainable theory has changed from the years of Rio conference and the availability of statistical resources is becoming better. Sustainable development is an important objective for each country. Enlargement of the EU has brought the current priorities and future direction of EU environmental policy sharply into focus. Enlargement process has increased the standards of environmental protection and social development. Significant environmental investments are necessary and the n

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24

Berend, Ivan T. "The further enlargement of the European Union in a historical perspective." European Review 7, no. 2 (1999): 175–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1062798700003963.

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The article discusses the proposed enlargement of the European Union by the inclusion of the five Central European Countries, Poland, the Czech Republic, Hungary, Estonia and Slovenia in terms of their history. In the past, they have been part of the West at times, but their recent economic history has not been encouraging. What will their prospects be when joining the European Union?

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Tangermann, S. "EU enlargement in agriculture and the WTO process." Agricultural Economics (Zemědělská ekonomika) 49, No. 2 (2012): 71–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/5268-agricecon.

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Inclusion of the countries in Central Europe (CECs) in the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) of the European Union raises a&nbsp;large number of issues, not the least in the context of the accession negotiations among the current EU member states and the newcomers. However, in the process of enlargement, negotiations will also be necessary with other countries. This is because both the EU and the accession candidates have commitments in the WTO and inclusion of the CECs in the CAP may affect the nature of these commitments, as well as the ability of the enlarged Union to honour them. The pa

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Siriski, Sofija. "Europe at the crossroads: Constitution, enlargement and the future of European Union." Medjunarodni problemi 57, no. 4 (2005): 529–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/medjp0504529s.

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Following the largest enlargement of the EU from 15 to 25 Member States many people are asking the question: where does Europe end? The Union has already made political commitments to additional EU members: Romania, Bulgaria, Turkey, Croatia and the other Balkan countries and in spite of the European Neighbourhood Policy further thinking of the EU enlargement also includes Ukraine and Moldova. But the French and Dutch rejection of the constitutional treaty has made the future EU enlargement uncertain and the EU adopted a new comprehensive enlargement strategy based on consolidation of the EU.

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Nezirović, Senada, Ana Živko, Belma Durmišević, and Amna Hodžić. "Stabilisation and association agreement between the Western Balkan countries and the European Union." Journal of Geography, Politics and Society 12, no. 2 (2022): 36–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.26881/jpgs.2022.2.05.

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The European Union (EU) represents a certain partnership and alliance between states and countries. It is not governed as the United States of America, nor intergoverned as the United Nations. Member States of the EU are sovereign countries united to become privileged and globally successful. Every enlargement of the Union is significant, but the fifth enlargement has been recognised, so far, as the most significant, showing the unification of Eastern and Western Europe. However, the most significant enlargement is yet to come with the Western Balkan countries becoming Member States of the EU

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Da Cruz, Marco Ferreira. "The European Union and the creation of the new security periphery." Debater a Europa, no. 25 (December 28, 2021): 75–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.14195/1647-6336_25_4.

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The European Union (EU) enlargement went through strong processes of Europeanisation that, apart from revealing the regulatory power of the EU, reflect its ability to transform the identity of those countries candidates to membership. Considered as one of the most important and successful instruments of foreign and security action, the succeeding enlargement policies to the East, particularly those of 2004 and 2007, represented a significant contribution for the establishment of an extended security community. An assessment on the countries of the West Balkans is presented, since their process

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Koller, Boglárka, and Tibor Ördögh. "Rule of Law as the Hard Condition for Accession." Európai Tükör 16, no. 2 (2023): 7–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.32559/et.2023.2.2.

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The enlargement policy stands as one of the EU’s most significant policies. In a changing world order and amid shifting geopolitical circumstances, it is in the vital interest of the European Union and its Member States to demonstrate progress in this policy area and to expand the Union with new members. Despite not expanding in the last ten years, the European Union’s enlargement policy has undergone significant changes, resulting in increasingly stringent and evolving requirements for candidate countries. This article utilises the conceptual framework of Europeanisation to assess the current

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Pasimeni, Paolo. "Twenty Years After the Big Enlargement: Integration Within the Single Market." Intereconomics 59, no. 4 (2024): 222–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ie-2024-0045.

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Abstract The enlargement of the European Union in 2004 marked a significant milestone in the history of European integration, bringing ten new member states into the Union. This paper provides a comprehensive analysis of the economic impact of this enlargement two decades later. Drawing from the economic literature and descriptive analysis, the paper examines both anticipated benefits and realised outcomes. Preceding the enlargement, ex ante analyses projected substantial gains in GDP, trade integration and welfare for both acceding and existing member countries. These expectations were largel

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Phuong, Catherine. "Enlarging ‘Fortress Europe’: Eu Accession, Asylum, and Immigration in Candidate Countries." International and Comparative Law Quarterly 52, no. 3 (2003): 641–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/iclq/52.3.641.

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The European Union is soon to be composed of twenty-seven Member States. The first wave of enlargement is to take place in 2004 and may see the accession of Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Hungary, Malta, Poland, Slovakia, Slovenia, and the three Baltic states. A few years later, Bulgaria and Romania are also expected to join the EU. Although previous enlargements have taken place,2 the imminent accession of ten countries, mainly from Central and Eastern Europe, is unprecedented not only in terms of scale, but also for its political symbolism: for these states, EU membership confirms the success o

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Mikić, Vladimir. "A decade after the escalation of the crisis: how probable is the membership of Ukraine in the European Union?" Revija za evropsko pravo 26, no. 1 (2024): 27–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.56461/rep260124.02.m.

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At the last day of February 2022, Ukraine applied for membership in the European Union. This happened eight years after Russia has taken over Crimea, while engaging in the military support of the pro-Russian forces in Donbas region seceding from Ukraine. The country under military intervention was granted the European Union candidate status in June 2022, along with Moldova and Georgia, four months after the beginning of the Russian attack. Today, eight more countries are in the process of accession to the European Union, none of them being victim of an intervention. Two decades after the so-ca

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Kerremans, Bart. "Het moeilijke keren van een kolos de Europese Unie in 1995." Res Publica 38, no. 3-4 (1996): 607–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.21825/rp.v38i3-4.18614.

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In 1995 the newly enlarged European Union has proved to be capable to handle its problems and to take decisions in a large array of issues. The EU tried to cope with unemployment, continued the preparation of the third stage of the Economic and Monetary Union, adopted its 1996 budget decisions relatively smoothly, and intensified its relations with different parts of the world. On the other hand however, enlargement itself is increasingly affecting the Union as it preparing itself for the upcoming accession of some of its Central European and Mediterranean neighbors. The northern member states

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Hasanova, Jamila. "EU’s Eastward Enlargement Policy in the 1990s and Turkey." OOO "Zhurnal "Voprosy Istorii" 2022, no. 1-2 (2022): 177–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.31166/voprosyistorii202201statyi68.

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In Europe the share of international organizations in state-to-state relations sprang up at the close of the 1980s and outset of the 1990s. Early in the 1990s, the European Union, represented by the most powerful states of Europe stood out owing to its specific role and importance in worldwide policy. Bypassing Turkey’s continued efforts to join the European Union, creation of artificial obstacles in this count galvanized attention. Double standard policy against Muslim countries was also rebounded in the EU - Turkey relations.

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Sergeev, Egor, and Irina Kiseleva. "EU Eastern Enlargement: A View from a Small Open Economy’s Perspective." International Trends / Mezhdunarodnye protsessy 21, no. 4 (2023): 133–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.17994/it.2023.21.4.75.6.

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The article deals with the transformation of the small open economies’ approach to the enlargement of the European Union. This issue is of particular scientific interest amid the ongoing discussions about the potential inclusion of new states in the EU and disagreements of the current EU members on this issue. The Netherlands was chosen as an object for the research, as it is a model state that played one of the pivotal roles in the development of integration in Europe. The purpose of the research is to identify the directions in which the Dutch approach to EU enlargements evolved. To achieve

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Sardelić, Julija. "The Exclusion of Roma and European Citizenship." Current History 120, no. 824 (2021): 100–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/curh.2021.120.824.100.

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Some 10-15 million members of the Roma minority live in Europe; an estimated 6 million are citizens of the European Union. It was not until the 1990s that European Union institutions began treating Roma as an ethnic minority deserving of human rights protections. Concerns about mass migration of Roma from Eastern European countries where they face severe discrimination was one of the reasons the EU included protections for Roma among the conditions that candidate countries had to meet to qualify for consideration in its most recent rounds of enlargement. Those EU efforts have overlooked simila

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Kolodko, G. W., and M. Postula. "Determinants and implications of the Eurozone enlargement." Voprosy Ekonomiki, no. 7 (July 28, 2018): 45–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.32609/0042-8736-2018-7-45-64.

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Aside from the United Kingdom, which is withdrawing from the European Union, only Denmark has the option of staying outside the single European currency area. All other member states which have not adopted euro as their currency have the right and obligations to do so under the Treaty of Accession. The condition to join the Eurozone is to meet all five nominal Maastricht convergence criteria and to ensure compliance of national legislation with acquis communautaire, or the EU legal order. What poses special difficulties to candidate countries is the fiscal criterion relating to the maximum all

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Горобець, Ігор. "EUROPEAN INTEGRATION PROJECT AT THE CONFERENCEON THE FUTURE OF THE EUROPEAN UNION 2021–2022." КОНСЕНСУС, no. 1 (2021): 115–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.31110/consensus/2021-01/115-129.

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The article is devoted to the process of finding consensus on the further development of the European integration project at the intergovernmental conference on the future of the European Union. The methodological basis of the article is a functionalist and constructivist theory of European integration. This theoretical basis provides an opportunity to analyze the work of the conference on the future of the European Union in terms of political realism. The scientific novelty of the article lies in the coverage of the basic scenarios of the conference on the future process of European integrati

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Lukovic, Vesna. "The Weight of History, Territory and Identity in the Accession to the European Union." International Journal of Business and Economic Sciences Applied Research 17, no. 2 (2024): 16–25. https://doi.org/10.25103/ijbesar.172.02.

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Purpose: The aim of the study is to explore the current enlargement dynamics of the European Union (EU) from the perspective of history, territory and identity. By looking at these issues in different country/case examples, the aim is to shed new light on why some enlargement processes have moved very slowly and how that compares to the current enlargement dynamics, taking into account new candidate countries from 2022. Design/methodology/approach: The study uses qualitative and explanatory approach. The method of inquiry is qualitative because it is focused on particular legal, political and

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Simionescu, Mihaela. "The Impact of European Economic Integration on Migration in the European Union." HOLISTICA – Journal of Business and Public Administration 9, no. 1 (2018): 23–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/hjbpa-2018-0002.

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Abstract The recent enlargement of the EU (since 2004) and the United Kingdom's decision to leave the European Union have prompted a growing research interest in the political and academic environment because of the causes and consequences of migration between the CEE countries and those in the Western Europe. In this study, the effects of European economic integration on the number of EU-15 immigrants from the newly integrated EU countries were assessed by econometric techniques. According to panel data models, in the period 2000-2015, the number of migrants from the new member states of the

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Kubin, Tomasz. "Perspektywa rozszerzenia a reformowanie Unii Europejskiej." Politeja 21, no. 1(88/1) (2024): 73–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.12797/politeja.20.2024.88.1.05.

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ENLARGEMENT PERSPECTIVE AND REFORM OF THE EUROPEAN UNIONEnlargement policy is one of the most important in the functioning of the European Union (formerly the European Communities). Since the first accessions in the 1970s, the admission of new countries has been accompanied by actions aimed at reforming the EC (EU). Some of them ended in failure, but the connection between enlargement and reforms, which de facto meant deepening integration, is very clear. In the third decade of the 21st century, the enlargement process is being continued. And as with previous enlargements, attempts to reform t

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Tevdoy-Bourmouli, A. I. ""CYCLIST ON THE MARSH": LESSONS AND PROSPECTS OF THE LAST EU ENLARGEMENT." MGIMO Review of International Relations, no. 4(31) (August 28, 2013): 106–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.24833/2071-8160-2013-4-31-106-112.

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The latest cycle of the European Union enlargement generated a panoply of problems unknown of in the anamnesis of this organisation. Specific historic experience of the applicants pre-determined a considerable specialty of west-European fashioned democratic regimes in those countries, weakness of consensus and tolerance culture which has already rooted itself in the West-European society, and which has to a considerable degree secured stable development of Western Europe over the last decades. This constellation resulted particularly in the renaissance on the level of European establishment of

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Luengo-Fernandez, Ramon, Jose Leal, and Alastair M. Gray. "Cost of Dementia in the Pre-Enlargement Countries of the European Union." Journal of Alzheimer's Disease 27, no. 1 (2011): 187–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/jad-2011-102019.

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Toggenburg, Gabriel N., and Karen McLaughlin. "The European Union and Minorities in 2013." European Yearbook of Minority Issues Online 12, no. 1 (2015): 255–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/9789004306134_011.

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This article reflects selected developments that took place from 1 January to 31 December 2013 both in the EU’S internal policies (Section ii) as well as in the EU’S external relations (Section iii). With regard to the internal dimension, developments in the field of Roma integration, the fight against hate crime and the protection of minority languages are traced. For the external dimension, the article covers the EU’S enlargement policy, its policies vis-à-vis countries in its wider neighbourhood in the East and in the South, and finally, the EU’S engagement at the broader international leve

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Zhao, Xuejiao, Chaoying Shi, and Yangjie Li. "Can European Union (EU) Enlargement Boost Regional Economic Common Growth? Multi-Period Difference-in-Difference (DID) Method." Journal of Environmental and Public Health 2022 (August 30, 2022): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/4502628.

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Under the dual background of Britain’s blatant “Brexit” and the steady “expansion” of the European Union (EU) audit list, the economic effect of the development of regional alliances, in the end, is a question worthy of in-depth discussion. Using data from a sample of 27 EU member states from 2000 to 2018, this study examines and compares the impact of EU enlargement on economic growth for countries as a whole, developed and developing countries, and Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries using a multi-period difference-in-difference (DID) method and explores the mechanisms underlying th

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Barbascumpa, Aliona. "Parliamentary diplomacy in the context of EU enlargement policy." Revista Moldovenească de Drept Internaţional şi Relaţii Internaţionale 19, no. 2 (2024): 108–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.61753/1857-1999/2345-1963/2023.19-2.08.

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Parliamentary diplomacy has advanced with the globalization of processes and events, representing an important side complementing international diplomacy. The role of parliamentarians at the diplomatic level is expressed through actions promoting political pluralism, promoting democratic parliamentary standards, contributing to and achieving results in conflict prevention and solving conflicts, promoting human rights, actions realized through political dialogue with counterparts from other countries. In the process of negotiations on the Republic of Moldova's accession to the European Union, p

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Lourdelle, Henri. "Social protection and enlargement: challenges for the candidate countries and the European Union." Transfer: European Review of Labour and Research 9, no. 1 (2003): 122–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/102425890300900110.

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The central and eastern European countries have undergone radical change, both political and social, since the start of the 1990s. Social protection systems have not been immune to the upheavals. But how should these countries go about establishing pension and healthcare schemes which reconcile the need both for reform and solidarity? How can they resist the temptation to privatise their social security systems, while seeking to keep costs under control and rationalise resources? This article takes stock of the reforms undertaken by these countries in the field of both pensions and health syst

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Huysmans, Martijn. "Enlargement and exit: The origins of Article 50." European Union Politics 20, no. 2 (2019): 155–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1465116519830202.

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Many international organizations and the vast majority of federations lack exit clauses. Existing theoretical explanations of this stylized fact focus on issues of credible commitment, signaling, and the risk of strategic exploitation. However, such accounts are unable to explain the adoption of Article 50 by the European Union, which allows unilateral withdrawal. I theorize and demonstrate empirically that in the case of the European Union, an exit-voice logic lies at its origin during the 2002–2003 European Convention. As a protection to undesired policy changes post entry, countries of the

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Samardžić, Slobodan, and Bojan Kovačević. "The fog of enlargement and the agony of accession: the European Union and Serbia in the light of a reform document." Stosunki Międzynarodowe – International Relations 2 (February 9, 2022): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/stomiedintrelat.17432.1.

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The 2009 public debt crisis onset triggered a fundamental constitutional transformation of the European Union (EU). What is the link between this transformation and the enlargement policy? The authors of the article seek an answer to this question. The main thesis is that the method of impersonal authoritarianism in dealing with the Eurozone crisis spilled over into the EU enlargement policy. On the one hand, we consider the systemic reasons for turning the enlargement policy into an instrument of geopolitical control of the states on the outer periphery. On the other hand, the problem is cons

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Godlewska, Ewa. "Austria’s Attitude Towards the Integration of the Western Balkans with the European Union." Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Sklodowska, sectio M – Balcaniensis et Carpathiensis 8 (December 4, 2023): 73–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.17951/bc.2023.8.73-89.

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The article indicates the following research problems: a) what is the significance of the Western Balkans for Austria and what was Austria’s position towards the plans for the EU enlargement to include the Balkan states, b) what was the public opinion’s attitude towards the above-mentioned plans and whether it had an impact on Austria’s actions at the EU level and c) were the attitudes presented consistent and uniform with respect to all candidate countries (or having the status of potential candidate countries)? The article assumes that this region is a priority for the Austrian government in

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