Academic literature on the topic 'European Union – Latvia'
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Journal articles on the topic "European Union – Latvia"
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Ezmale, Sandra. "SPATIAL PLANNING AND PRACTICE IN LATVIA." SOCIETY. INTEGRATION. EDUCATION. Proceedings of the International Scientific Conference 6 (May 25, 2018): 176–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/sie2018vol1.3102.
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The current system of territorial planning in Latvia has been formed after regaining its independence in 1991. The European Union has had a great impact on the development of the concept and practice of spatial planning throughout the entire Europe and in each of the Member States, including Latvia. The common planning activities and initiatives at the European level had influenced planning practice in all the Member States. The aim of the research is to describe the development of the spatial planning system, as well as the features of planning practice in Latvia in the context of spatial planning activities at the European Union level. During the research, the author describes the development of the spatial planning concept, the typology and system of spatial planning in the European Union. Additionally, the author characterises the development of the legal framework for and practice in the spatial planning system of Latvia, as well as identifies the features of the Latvian spatial planning system and practice in the context of spatial planning activities at the European Union level. Research methods – content analysis, deductive and inductive methods, theoretical analysis of scientific literature, EU and Latvian legislation analysis, comparative analysis, etc.
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Locmelis, Kristaps, Andra Blumberga, Uldis Bariss, Dagnija Blumberga, and Lauma Balode. "Industrial Energy Efficiency Towards Green Deal Transition. Case of Latvia." Environmental and Climate Technologies 25, no. 1 (2021): 42–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/rtuect-2021-0004.
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Abstract Energy efficiency policy has been one of the European Union top priorities for decades and will continue to play a vital role in the next 10 years with the introduction of The Clean energy for all Europeans. Likewise, in Latvia energy efficiency has been given high priority; however, the energy efficiency targets for industry has lacked ambitions. This research focuses on evaluating the Latvian industrial energy efficiency policy using top-down approach and benchmarking energy intensity of Latvian industry to the average of the European Union’s. Results confirm that on average Latvian industry consumes 2.6 times more energy to produce the same amount of value added compared to the average in the European Union; however, every saved energy unit in Latvia would save twice less CO2 emissions considering already largely decarbonized energy mix. In the spotlights of the Green Deal proposed by the European Commission, much higher contribution in terms of CO2 reduction and energy efficiency will be expected from the industry. Nevertheless, energy efficiency targets for Latvian industry should be sector-specific, separately addressing CO2 intensive sectors, and non-intensive CO2 sectors with low added value.
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Adijāne, Iveta. "ASYLUM PROCEDURE IN LATVIA - A PART OF COMMON EUROPEAN ASYLUM SYSTEM." BORDER SECURITY AND MANAGEMENT 2, no. 7 (2018): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/bsm.v2i7.3494.
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The Common European Asylum System (CEAS) conditions apply to Latvia. Development of the Common European Asylum System impacts Latvian legislation and has an effect on the work of judicial institutions. Any European Union scale change affects Latvia. Common European Asylum System conditions in Latvia are being met by direct implementation of the EU instructions. Well-considered position and evaluation of CEAS conditions according to Latvian interests is necessary. Goal of this article is to review demands of the Common European Asylum System towards the member states as well as concordance of the Latvian asylum procedure with conditions of the Common European Asylum System. Objectives of this research is to examine development of legislation in the EU and Latvia, to analyse and compare current legislation of the asylum procedure in the EU member states as well as to analyse impact of CEAS towards the asylum procedure in Latvia. In order to achieve objectives, following research methods were used: monographic research of theoretical and empirical sources in order to analyse and evaluate various asylum domain information, analytical method in order to acquire legislative content and verities, comparative method in order to discover differences in legislation of asylum procedure in the EU countries, systemic method in order to disclose interconnections in legislation, descriptive statistics method and correlation analysis in order to analyse process of the asylum procedure and determine interconnections in the asylum procedure time frame between legislation and practical instances in EU countries.
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Mikelsteins, Zaiga, and Thomas G. Ryan. "Increasing Inclusion and Reducing the Stigma of Special Needs in Latvia: What Can We Learn from Other Countries?" International Journal of Educational Reform 27, no. 4 (2018): 379–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/105678791802700404.
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Latvia regained its independence in 1991 and has been slowly transforming the education system to meet the standards of the European Union (EU) and the Western world. Since regaining independence Latvia has started to integrate children with special education needs into regular schools and society; yet the process is quite restrained and measured, causing many to suggest that there must be a way and means to accelerate this process. If only Latvians could access and use practices found (Alberta) Canada or another inclusive country (Finland), that has successfully integrated students and adults with disabilities into school and society, to diminish Latvian problems such as life long dependency, poverty and social exclusion that adds to an already existing stigma of intellectual disability according to the European Union Monitoring and Advocacy Program (EUMAP, 2005). Stigma is the one issue that keeps surfacing as the key challenge for people with special needs in Latvia (Fine-Davis & Faas, 2014). Latvian society at present has minimal exposure and experience with children and adults with special needs, resulting in unawareness, avoidance, and a general misunderstanding of this population.
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Guseletov, Boris P. "RUSSIAN PARTIES IN LATVIA HAVE LOST THE SUPPORT OF LOCAL VOTERS. CAUSES AND CONSEQUENCES (BY THE RESULTS OF THE LATVIAN PARLIAMENTARY ELECTIONS IN 2022)." RSUH/RGGU Bulletin. Series Eurasian Studies. History. Political Science. International Relations, no. 1 (2023): 91–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.28995/2686-7648-2023-1-91-106.
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The article is an analysis of reasons for the loss of support by the so-called “Russian parties of Latvia” from local voters following the results of the parliamentary election in the country held on October 1, 2022. The analysis of the evolution of those parties, which after the collapse of the Soviet Union went through a number of stages in their development, both successful and not very successful, is presented. The paper notes the reasons why it was in Latvia that the Russian parties became quite popular among voters in Latvia, especially in Riga and a number of other major Latvian cities. It gives profiles of two leading parties:the Social Democratic party “Consent” and the Russian Union of Latvia party. It also presents results of the participation of those parties in the election of deputies to the European Parliament (since 2004), the Latvian Saeima (Seim) of the V–ХIV convocations and local authorities. The reasons for the unsuccessful performance of the Social Democratic party “Consent” and the Russian Union of Latvia party at the last parliamentary election on October 1, 2022 are revealed and the prospects for their further participation in the political life of the country are noted, taking into account the fact that the parties remain supporters of preserving good-neighborly relations between Russia and Latvia.
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Zaļaiskalne, Anita. "Non-formal adult education in Latvia: opportunities and challenges." Pedagoģija: teorija un prakse : zinātnisko rakstu krājums = Pedagogy: Theory and Practice : collection of scientific articles, no. IX (April 6, 2020): 127–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.37384/ptp.2020.09.127.
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The article “Non-formal adult education in Latvia: opportunities and challenges” includes a presentation of adult education planning in the European Union and Latvian education policy documents. Based on data on adult participation in education and theoretical aspects of adult learning, methodological recommendations for developing the content of adult non-formal education programmes are developed.
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Biukšāne, Inese. "THE EUROPEAN UNION STRUCTURAL FUNDS’ SIGNIFICANCE IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF LATGALE." Latgale National Economy Research 1, no. 4 (2012): 54. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/lner2012vol1.4.1823.
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The European Union structural funds financing is apportioned unevenly among the regions, including counties and cities. When allocating the received structural funds financing, the level of social and economic development of an area is not taken into account. Besides the problems of poor municipalities co–funding in the uptake of the European Union structural funds are not considered. The existing problems do not allow to the regions of Latvia to develop and to compete equally, all in all impeding development and growth of the country. According to the author’s opinion, in order to solve the social and economic problems Latvia makes inefficient use of the allocated European Union structural funds financing.
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Andžāns, Māris, Kārlis Bukovskis, and Andris Sprūds. "Europeanization by European Parliament Political Groups: The Case of Latvia 2004-2019." Baltic Journal of Law & Politics 13, no. 2 (2020): 76–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/bjlp-2020-0012.
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Abstract This article assesses the top-down Europeanization of national political parties by the political groups of the European Parliament. Based on the premise that the national political parties alter their agendas and argumentation because of ties to their respective European Parliament political groups, the paper presents a case study of Latvia in the period from 2004 to 2019. The analysis focuses on the agendas of three political parties whose continuity can be clearly traced during the fifteen years – the “New Unity”, the “National Alliance” and the “Latvian Russian Union”. It concludes that the small number of members of the European Parliament elected from Latvia, migration of individual politicians from party to party, and low durability of Latvian parties themselves has limited the sustainability of Europeanization and impeded downloading of EU topics and principles to the national party level. Meanwhile, party programs of all three observed parties have Europeanized since 2004 in terms of the number and depth of the EU issues addressed.
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Barānova, Daira. "Youth Unemployment Problems in European Union and Latvia." Journal of Economics and Management Research 6 (2017): 62–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.22364/jemr.6.2017.05.
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Broks, Edmunds, Arnis Buka, Lolita Buka, and Artūrs Kučs. "Limiting the Right to Access Asylum: A Case Study of Latvia’s Response to the Migration Crisis on the Latvia-Belarus Border." Baltic Yearbook of International Law Online 22, no. 1 (2024): 201–32. https://doi.org/10.1163/22115897_02201_010.
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Abstract As the numbers of attempted illegal crossings on the Latvia-Belarus border soared in the summer of 2021, the Latvian government responded with a complete suspension of asylum applications as well as directing its security forces to push those trying to enter Latvia illegally back into Belarus. This Article provides a legal assessment of Latvia’s response to the migration crisis under the 1951 Refugee Convention, the European Convention on Human Rights and European Union law. The study focuses in particular on whether Latvia is breaching its international obligations by limiting the right to submit asylum applications. It considers the validity of the justifications invoked by Latvia. It also explores whether there are any legal implications from the fact that the influx of migrants is a part of a hybrid attack organised by Belarus to create pressure on the European Union’s borders. The conclusion is that the initial suspension of asylum applications breaches the obligation of non-refoulement. It also suggests that the regimen currently in force is not ensuring genuine and effective access to the asylum procedure and is, thereby, again breaching Latvia’s obligations under the principle of non-refoulement.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "European Union – Latvia"
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BERTINS, ANDRIS, and ERLANDS KRONGORNS. "Latvia in European Monetary Union gains and losses." Thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Avdelningen för ekonomivetenskap och juridik, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-19565.
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Janusová, Monika. "Pobaltské republiky: vývoj a specifika transformace a cesta do EU." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-10426.
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The thesis focuses on the transition and the EU integration process of the Baltic States since their independence in the beginning of the 1990s until they joined the EU in 2004. Two less detailed parts introduce Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania from general and historical point of view and analyze their regional cooperation.
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Semerád, Lukáš. "Pobaltské ekonomiky v EU - trendy, perspektivy." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-10445.
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The work analyses macroeconomic development of the Baltic States from the beginning of the 1990s until today and their position in the European Union evaluated on the basis of nominal and real convergence indicators. A significant part of the text is dedicated to the current economic crisis and to its impacts on the Baltic region. In this context, possible solutions and perspectives for future progress are suggested.
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Antanaitis, Tadas. "Les aspects internationaux de la fiscalité directe des entreprises dans les pays baltes." Thesis, Paris 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA010251/document.
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Le premier but de cette thèse de doctorat est d’analyser les aspects internationaux de la fiscalité directe des entreprises dans les pays baltes en comparant les règles des pays baltes avec les propositions de l’OCDE, les exigences du droit communautaire ainsi qu’avec les règles des autres pays européens. On analyse si les systèmes de fiscalité directe des pays baltes, qui sont relativement jeunes et n’ont pas de longues traditions, sont compatibles d’un côté avec les standards de la fiscalité internationale des pays membres de l’OCDE et, d’un autre côté, avec les exigences du droit de l’Union Européenne. Le deuxième but de la thèse est de proposer des conseils et recommandations, sur la façon dont la régulation fiscale nationale, européenne et communautaire pourrait être améliorée. A la fin de chaque chapitre ainsi qu’à la fin de chaque grande partie et à la fin de cette thèse, on présente les conseils et les recommandations. La première partie analyse les aspects internationaux de la fiscalité directe des revenus de l’activité des entreprises. La deuxième partie examine les règles concernant la fiscalité des revenus passifs (dividendes, intérêts et redevances). Dans la troisième partie on analyse les principes du droit fiscal des pays baltes concernant la lutte contre les paradis fiscaux ainsi que les principes de la coopération internationale entre les administrations fiscales<br>The first objective of this doctoral thesis is to analyze the international aspects of taxation of companies in the Baltic States. The research compares the rules of tax law in the Baltic countries with the OECD proposals and recommendations, EU law requirements as well as with analogical rules in other European countries. It analyzes whether rules of direct taxation of companies in the Baltic countries, which are relatively young and do not have long traditions, follow the international standards proposed by the OECD as well, whether these rules are compatible with EU law requirements and analogical rules of other European states. The second goal of this thesis is to provide advice and recommendations on how national tax law and the provisions of EU law could be improved. Advice and recommendations are being presented at the end of each chapter, then at the end of each major part and finally, at the end of whole thesis. The first part analyses the international aspects of direct taxation of income from business activity. The second part devoted to examining the rules regarding the taxation of passive income (dividends, interest and royalties). Finally, the third part analyses the principles of tax law in the Baltic countries concerning tax havens and the international cooperation between tax administrations
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Santos, André Luis Nascimento dos. "A União Europeia dos Direitos Humanos e a sua diplomacia cooperante para a América Latina." Escola de Administração da Universidade Federal da Bahia, 2012. http://repositorio.ufba.br/ri/handle/ri/17330.
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Santos, André Luis Nascimento dos.pdf: 2481403 bytes, checksum: a2fe664e48fa159743f5ba1442ee40d6 (MD5)<br>O presente trabalho busca compreender como a diplomacia dos direitos humanos da União Europeia ao longo dos anos 2000, têm sido concebida e implementada no que concerne à sua agenda de cooperação pública para a América Latina. Diante desta pergunta, o trabalho busca realizar uma ampla reflexão teórica acerca da construção da ideia de uma gramática de Direitos Humanos pelo mundo ocidental e a sua consequente instrumentalização nos tempos atuais por parte das potências. Essa reflexão tenta compreender como a Europa, a partir dos seus processos de integração, internalizou a ideia de ser o berço dos Direitos Humanos, tanto na sua política doméstica, como na sua política externa. Uma ideia que movimenta uma agenda diplomática que se expressa tanto a partir de práticas meritórias de cooperação, como, também, de usos e abusos da retórica de poder em prol da manutenção da potestade europeia no âmbito das Relações Internacionais. Cinco foram os andaimes metodológicos utilizados para a consecução da presente pesquisa, quais sejam: o exercício de um olhar cético sob a temática dos Direitos Humanos; a busca por uma construção histórica em perspectiva de path dependence sobre a tradição desses direitos; um esforço por realizar uma sociologia dos atores; a busca por compreender o fenômeno dos Direitos Humanos sob o prisma multiescalar; e, por fim, a preocupação de não perder de vista a dimensão meritória dos Direitos Humanos enquanto elemento portador de energia avatar capaz de plasmar, a partir de si, os ideários para um mundo menos anárquico, em que pese os cinismos, as instrumentalizações e as políticas de ganho. This study seeks to understand how human rights diplomacy of the European Union throughout the 2000s has been managed in relation to the European Union’s public cooperation agenda for Latin America. Before this question, the study attempts to make a broad theoretical reflection about the construction of the idea of a Human Rights Grammar by the western world and its consequent instrumentalisation by the current established powers. This reflection tries to understand how Europe, through its integration processes, has internalized the idea of being the cradle of human rights, both in its domestic policy as in foreign policy. An idea that moves a diplomatic agenda expressed both from meritorious practices of cooperation, as from uses and misuses of rhetorical power for the maintenance of the European status within the international relations. Five methodological scaffolding have been used for the achievement of this research, which are: the exercise of a skeptical look on the theme of Human Rights; the search for a historical building in perspective of path dependence on the tradition of these rights; an effort to accomplish a sociology of the actors; the quest for understanding the phenomenon of human rights through the multiscale prism; and, finally, the desire not to lose sight of the meritorious dimension of human rights as the carrier of avatar energy capable of shaping from itself the ideals for a less anarchic world, despite the cynicisms, instrumentalizations and the gain policies.
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Silva, Parejas María Cristina. "América Latina y El Caribe-Unión Europea : tendencias del diálogo birregional en la era CELAC." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2015. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/136748.
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Soto, Ordenes Rodrigo Andrés, and Imaray Héctor Eduardo Lara. "La dimensión social en la Unión Europea : un ejemplo para la cohesión social en América Latina y el Caribe." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2007. http://www.repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/113395.
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Memoria (licenciado en ciencias jurídicas y sociales)<br>La finalidad de este trabajo, es la de contribuir al mejor entendimiento de los circuitos por los que transitan los aspectos sociales en los diversos procesos de integración, en la Unión Europea y América Latina y El Caribe, así como las relaciones y estrategias adoptadas entre ambos.
El primer capitulo de este trabajo, se refiere a la evolución de las políticas sociales en la Unión Europea; Para ello veremos su evolución, partiendo desde sus orígenes, en el Tratado de Roma, hasta la actual Unión Europea en el Tratado de Niza, conoceremos sus instituciones, y su aporte al desarrollo de la dimensión social en la integración europea.
Se analizaran las diversas disposiciones sociales y sus principales modificaciones y como ello ha repercutido en el desarrollo de la región, sus logros sociales, políticos y económicos; un ejemplo que debe servir de modelo para aquellas regiones donde los procesos de integración son incipientes, en especial en lo relativo a lo social, tal como ocurre en América latina.
En este capitulo estudiaremos los diversos aspectos de la dimensión social del proceso de integración europeo tales como educación, empleo, formación profesional, etcétera, los cuales servirán al lector para conocer y comprender los temas realmente importantes en una sociedad, los que a su vez sirven como parámetro para los países en vías de desarrollo.
El tema central de este trabajo, se avoca al estudio de los procesos de integración de América Latina y El Caribe en su dimensión social, orígenes, instituciones, objetivos y disposiciones sociales.
Para destacar la importancia del diálogo social, este capitulo nos lleva al estudio de los siguientes procesos de integración: El Mercado Común Centroamericano, El Mercado Común del Caribe, La Comunidad Andina de Naciones y El MERCOSUR.
El Tercer Capitulo de este trabajo plantea la necesidad de incluir una Asociación Estratégica entre la Unión Europea y América Latina y El Caribe; en este capitulo analizamos los principios, objetivos y prioridades para una mejor relación económica, social y política entre la Unión Europea y América Latina y El Caribe, elementos comunes que lo permiten, y expectativas futuras, de dicha Asociación Estratégica;
En este tercer capitulo, hemos incluido un apartado especial, relativo al Acuerdo de Asociación Política, Económica y de Cooperación entre la Unión Europea y Chile, por la importancia que para nuestro país y la región significa un instrumento de esta naturaleza.
El capitulo final de esta investigación, es el relativo a las propuestas acerca del tema; Este capitulo pretende plantear hipótesis y respuestas a interrogantes, que puedan surgir a partir del estudio de los capítulos precedentes. Esto es, sin perjuicio, por ejemplo de la referencia y estudio de las Cumbres Birregionales entre la Unión Europea y América Latina en Río de Janeiro (1999), Madrid (2002) y Guadalajara (2004), sin perjuicio de incluir la de Viena, que se llevara a efecto en Mayo del año 2006.
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Wiley, James. "Una política, tres perspectivas : la Unión Europea y el intercambio del banano." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Centro de Investigación en Geografía Aplicada, 2014. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/119953.
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En julio de 1993, la Unión Europea (U.E.) inició el Reglamento (C.E.E.) Número 404/93 como su nueva política para gobernar la importación del banano. Este acto fue parte de su intento de crear un mercado común entre los quince países miembros. Como el mercado bananero más grande del mundo, la UE y sus políticas tienen un gran impacto sobre la producción y el intercambio de esta fruta, la fruta fresca del volumen más grande del intercambio mundial. Esta ponencia considera la nueva política y sus impactos desde tres perspectivas, las cuales representan las tres categorías mayores de productores de los bananos que consumen los residentes de los quince países. Estas categorías incluyen los países exportadores latinoamericanos, el grupo Mricano-CaribeñoPacífico (A.C.P.) de productores vinculados con la U.E. por medio del Convenio de Lomé, y la U.E. por sí misma. Este grupo de países tan diversos también indican las dimensiones Norte-Sur de la situación. La ponencia es basada en investigaciones realizadas en Costa Rica, en Dominica, y en Bruselas, sede de la Comisión Europea, rama ejecutiva de la U.E. Las perspectivas de las tres categorías de productores son muy distintas. En su análisis final, la ponencia sugerirá que una política forzada en Bruselas sirva como ejemplo de los procesos de globalización ya evidente en la economía mundial e intentará evaluar la justificación para el Reglamento (C.E.E.) 404/93 ofrecida por la U.E, considerando sus impactos en las tres regiones productoras. In July, 1993 the European Union (E.U.) implemented Council Regulation 404/93 as its governing policy for the importation of bananas. This was done as part of its larger Single European Market. As the world's largest market for bananas, E.U. policies have a great impact on the production and trade of this fruit, the world's largest trade fresh fruit commodity by volume. This paper examines the policy and its impacts from three perspectives, representing the three major categories of producers of the bananas consumed by E.U. residents. Those categories include Latin American exporting countries, African-Caribbean-Pacific (ACP) banana producers linked to the E.U. by the Lomé Convention, and the European Union itself. Such a grouping of countries indicates the North/South dimensions of the issue. The paper is based upon research done in Costa Rica, Dominica, and Brussels, headquarters of the European Commission, the executive branch of the E.U. The perspectives on the policy vary greatly, depending upon which source is considered. In its final analysis, the paper considers how a policy forged in Brussels exemplifies larger issues of globalization in the world economy and it attempts to evaluate the justification of Council Regulation 404/93 offered by the EU in view of its impacts in each of the three producing regions.
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Einaudi, Luca. "Money and politics : European Monetary Unification and the International Gold Standard (1865-73)." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1998. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/272808.
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Morán, Rodríguez María Ángeles. "Medio ambiente y desarrollo sostenible en las regiones económicas de MERCOSUR y Unión Europea." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Centro de Investigación en Geografía Aplicada, 2014. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/119312.
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Los países integrantes del MERCOSUR al igual que el resto de América Latina y el Caribe están muy sensibilizados por los temas ambientales y su actuación quedó demostrada en la Cumbre de Río, donde llevaron su propio informe titulado Nuestra Propia Agenda. Allí plantearon como tema prioritario el desarrollo sostenible y las líneas a seguir para conseguir dicho objetivo. Entre las medidas a adoptar destacan la erradicación de la pobreza, el aprovechamiento sostenible de los recursos naturales, el ordenamiento del territorio, el desarrollo tecnológico compatible con la realidad social y natural, una nueva estrategia económica y social, una organización y movilización social, y una reforma del estado. Esta ponencia toma en cuenta estas estrategias ambientales para el desarrollo sostenible, enmarcándolas dentro de un plan global que presenta un reto especialmente para los países más pobres. MERCOSUR members as well as the rest of the Latin American and the Caribbean countries are highly sensible to the environmental issues and their behavior was demonstrated at the Río Conference, where they brought their own opinion in a work paper titled Our Own Agenda. There, they stated as priority the sustainable development and set the action lines to follow in order to get such objective. Among the adopting measures were the elimination of poverty, the sustainable use of natural resources, land management, technological development according to social and natural reality, a new economic and social strategy, a social mobility and organization, and a reform of the State. This paper takes in account these environmental strategies to sustainable development within a framework of a global plan that in itself is a challenge especially to the poorest countries.
Books on the topic "European Union – Latvia"
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Birkavs, V. Latvia and Estonia--partners on the way to Europe: Aula Lecture, May 7, 1998. Tartu University Press, 1998.
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Evas, Tatjana. Judicial application of European Union law in post-communist countries: The cases of Estonia and Latvia. Ashgate Pub. Company, 2012.
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Latvia) Konference "Mācoties Eiropas Savienībā: tiesības--demokrātijas balsts" (2008 Rīga. Eiropas Savienība un tiesiska valsts: Latvijas pieredze = European Union and the rule of law : experience of Latvia. Rīgas Juridiskā augstskola, 2009.
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Santa Barbara Museum of Art., ed. Comrades & cameras: Photographs from Latvia & other Soviet republics, February 9 through April 28, 1991. Santa Barbara Museum of Art, 1991.
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European Commission. Directorate-General XXII, Education, Training, and Youth. and EURYDICE, eds. Supplement to the study on the structures of the education and initial training systems in the European Union: The situation in Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Slovenia and Cyprus. EURYDICE, 1999.
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Zvidrin̳š, P. Fertility and family surveys in countries of the ECE region: Standard country report, Latvia. United Nations, 1998.
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Lauri, Leppik, and Gesellschaft für Versicherungswissenschaft und -gestaltung e.V. Köln., eds. Social protection in the candidate countries: Country studies Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania = Soziale Sicherung in den Beitrittskandidatenländern : Länderstudie Estland, Lettland, Litauen. Akademische Verlagsgesellschaft, 2003.
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Lejins, Atis. Effects of Baltic EU membership on Northern Europe: Conference organised by the EU Presidency and the European Commission, supported by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Latvia and the City of Riga : Riga, June 20-21, 2001 at Stockholm School of Economics in Riga. Latvian institute of international affairs, 2001.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "European Union – Latvia"
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Kusins, Gunars. "The Constitution of Latvia and the European Union." In Eine Verfassung für die Europäische Union. VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-663-09857-7_21.
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Balodis, Ringolds. "Religious Minorities and Their Rights in Latvia." In European Union and its Neighbours in a Globalized World. Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-06998-7_16.
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Győrffy, Dóra. "Crisis Management Outside the Euro-Zone: The Cases of Hungary, Latvia, and Romania." In Trust and Crisis Management in the European Union. Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-69212-8_6.
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Kuzborska-Pacha, Elżbieta, and Jolanta Apolevič. "Legal Protection of National Minorities in Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia and Poland: Current Issues." In European Union and its Neighbours in a Globalized World. Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-06998-7_15.
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Теrеškinas, Artūras, Annija Kārkliņa, and Anita Rodiņa. "Between Injustice and Legal Change: The Situation of LGBTQ+ People in Latvia and Lithuania." In European Union and its Neighbours in a Globalized World. Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-06998-7_17.
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Kanels, Juris. "Impact of Joining the European Union on the Development of Transport Policy in the Republic of Latvia." In Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems. Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-12450-2_60.
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Eliáš, Karel. "Mezi uchou a bujabézou." In Pocta prof. Josefu Bejčkovi k 70. narozeninám. Masaryk University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/cz.muni.p280-0094-2022-29.
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The paper examines the civil law codifications in twenty-two countries of Central Eastern Europe, in the area between Germany and Russia. It analyses the reasons for the emergence of major codifications in this area, where the decisive part was played by the 1811 General Civil Code, and notes the import of the French Code civil to parts of contemporary Poland and Lithuania. It considers the period between the World Wars, when many of the renewed and newly established states attempted to make their own codifications, which were successful only in Albania and Latvia. In the following section, he points to alternative conception of lawmaking and the concept of the legal system in the Soviet Union, forced by Vyshinsky, which resulted in the doctrine of separate branches of law denying the universal function of civil law. This concept was imported into the Soviet sphere of influence won in the Second World War. From 1990 onwards, a turn took place and new tendencies have not yet ended. Of these states, half have become members of the European Union, five others have the candidate status.
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Ayuso, Anna. "Latin America and the European Union." In The Routledge Handbook of Latin American Development. Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315162935-17.
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Kaša, Rita, and Inta Mieriņa. "Introduction." In IMISCOE Research Series. Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-12092-4_1.
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Abstract This volume contributes to research on migration from Latvia, a country in Central Eastern Europe (CEE), following the fall of the Iron Curtain in 1991. The experience of independent Latvia with borders opening up to the world and more specifically to the West has turned out to be both a rewarding and wounding experience for communities in the country. On the rewarding side, individuals have gained liberty – an ability to travel the world freely, to see and live in the countries which were beyond the closed doors of the Soviet Union just some decades ago. This freedom, however, has also brought the sense of cost to the society – people are going abroad as if dissolving into other worlds, away from their small homeland. The context of decreasing birth rates and ageing in the country seems to amplify a feeling of loss which is supported by hard evidence. Research shows a worrying 17% decline in Latvia’s population between 2000 and 2013. One third of this is due to declining birth rates and two-thirds is caused by emigration (Hazans 2016). This situation has turned out to be hurtful experience for communities in Latvia causing a heightened sense of grief especially during the Great Recession which shook the country at the end of the first decade of the twenty-first century. By 2013 the feeling of crises even larger than the economic downturn came to a head in Latvian society, pushing the government for the first time in the history of independent Latvia to recognise the migration of the country’s nationals and to acknowledge diaspora politics as an important item on the national policy agenda.
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Ikstens, Jānis. "Does EUrope Matter? The EU and Latvia’s Political Parties." In The European Union and Party Politics in Central and Eastern Europe. Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230596658_5.
Full textConference papers on the topic "European Union – Latvia"
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Pilvere, Irina, Ilze Upite, Aleksejs Nipers, and Aija Pilvere. "PRODUCTIVITY IN BIOECONOMY INDUSTRIES IN LATVIA." In 24th SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 2024. STEF92 Technology, 2024. https://doi.org/10.5593/sgem2024/5.1/s21.74.
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Bioeconomy industries play an important role in contributing to national economies and a transition to climate-friendly farming practices. This is evidenced by various policies implemented, including the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals, the European Union (EU) Bioeconomy Strategy and the European Green Deal. The increasing productivity and new technologies can have negative environmental impacts, affecting the economic framework associated with ecosystem services. To address these challenges, coordination among various sectors, stakeholders and value chains is necessary, supporting cross-sectoral strategies; therefore, the government has adopted the Latvian Bioeconomy Strategy 2030. One of the complementary lines of action to achieve the goal of the bioeconomy strategy is �increasing the efficiency and labour productivity in all industries of the bioeconomy�. Accordingly, the present research aims to examine labour productivity in the national economy and in bioeconomy industries to contribute to the implementation of the Latvian Bioeconomy Strategy 2030. The research analyse the level of labour productivity achieved in Latvia and compare it with that in other EU Member States, as well as examine labour productivity in individual bioeconomy industries in Latvia in the period 2015-2022. Several indicators were used: labour productivity per person employed and per hour worked both in current prices and constant prices. The research found that in the period analysed, the highest productivity was achieved in section D Electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply, which significantly exceeded the national average, whereas it was significantly lower in the following sections: I Accommodation and food service activities, F Construction and A Agriculture, forestry and fishing, although significant productivity growth has been observed in the period 2015-2022. Therefore, it is necessary to continue implementing the measures begun to increase productivity in the areas where it is low.
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Line, Antra, Anita Lasmane, and Liga Jankova. "PERCEPTIONS OF LATVIAN UNIVERSITIES MANAGEMENT STUDENTS ON CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY AND ITS IMPLEMENTATION IN LATVIAN ENTERPRISES." In 11th SWS International Scientific Conferences on SOCIAL SCIENCES - ISCSS 2024. SGEM WORLD SCIENCE, 2024. https://doi.org/10.35603/sws.iscss.2024/s08/31.
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In the European Union, corporate social responsibility is no longer a novel concept in contemporary enterprises. In various enterprises, corporate social responsibility has reached different levels, and Latvia is also pursuing its development path in this area. Within this framework, enterprises are encouraged to pay greater attention to responsibility not only towards employees but also towards the environment and society, thus implementing a sustainable approach to corporate management. Several researchers have emphasised that the interest and understanding of managers play a crucial role in ensuring corporate social responsibility within enterprises. Their values, and their desire to implement sustainable corporate policies, thereby also caring for future generations. Therefore, the question of the understanding, knowledge, and motivation of future leaders in addressing corporate social responsibility issues becomes relevant already now. Hence, the issue of understanding, knowledge, and motivation of future managers in addressing corporate social responsibility matters becomes pertinent already. The aim of the study is to elucidate the perception and attitudes of management students on corporate social responsibility and its implementation in Latvian enterprises. The objectives of the study are to develop the theoretical framework of the research by evaluating the situation in Latvia regarding the implementation of corporate social responsibility, as well as the experience of other countries concerning management students� attitudes towards corporate social responsibility and opportunities for improving the study process; and to empirically obtain results for the development of guidelines to enhance the content and methods of study courses. The research methods applied in this research include theoretical research methods, such as content analysis of management science literature, as well as empirical research method: a questionnaire survey of management students from several Latvian universities. Within the scope of the study, a questionnaire survey was conducted among management students from several Latvian universities. The survey aimed to ascertain students� awareness of corporate social responsibility, its significance, and implementation in Latvian enterprises. Additionally, it examined the role of study courses in enhancing understanding and readiness to promote social corporate responsibility. The study also explored the statistical significance of students� socio-demographic characteristics with perception and attitudes towards corporate social responsibility. The research results will be used to enhance the content and methods of study courses in terms of promoting corporate social responsibility.
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Balodis, Dzintars, and Irina Pilvere. "European Union funding for rural development in Latvia." In 22nd International Scientific Conference. “Economic Science for Rural Development 2021”. Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies. Faculty of Economics and Social Development, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/esrd.2021.55.006.
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Rural areas are defined differently in various literature sources. However, any scientist points to changes in rural areas that are associated with the outflow of people to cities and land abandonment in some regions. The multifunctionality of rural areas determines their importance in the development of any country. In the European Union (EU), 28.0 % of the EU-28 population lived in a rural area in 2015, while in Latvia – 32.3 % of its total population. Therefore, support instruments of the second pillar of the EU Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) (rural development) contribute to a sufficient standard of living for the rural population and include both economic and social objectives. The research aims to analyse the EU support instruments for rural development that promote economic and social development in rural areas in Latvia. The research analyses the definition of the concept of rural territory given in national and EU policy documents and the results of project-type measures of the EU CAP second pillar (rural development) support instruments implemented during the planning period 2014-2020 for national rural development policy. It was found that in Latvia total available public funding for the RDP 2014-2020 was EUR 1.541 million, there were 6 main priorities and 88 % projects were funded at the end of February 2021. Progress in implementing the support measure Farm and business development was analysed in detail.
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BERMANIS, Raimonds, Inga STRAUPE, and Andra ZVIRBULE. "EUROPEAN UNION FRAMEWORK FOR FORESTRY SUPPORT AND ITS IMPLEMENTATION IN LATVIA." In RURAL DEVELOPMENT. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2017.177.
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The Paper covers an analysis of most significant European Union (EU) legal acts regulating financial support granted for private forestry over the period of 2014-2020, coherence to support measures implemented in Latvia for a certain period. The review consists of two main legal acts from the EU - Forest Strategy for forests and the forest-based sector and the EU regulation No. 1305/2013 of the European Parliament and the Council on support for rural development by the European Agriculture Fund for Rural development, while from the national perspective, the review was prepared for Latvia’s Rural development programme (NRDP) for the period 2014-2020 and national regulations issued by the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Latvia. The paper focuses on the support measures intended to foster and develop forestry sector, evaluating priorities and expected results laid down in the EU documents, versus measures implemented in Latvia through the NRDP 2014-2020, related to national regulations and rules of the responsible state authorities. The analysis contains several groups of measures applicable for private forestry: 1) Information, advice, knowledge and efficiency; 2) Forestry activities; 3) Investments in forestry; 4) Nature care. Not all the measures which may be introduced according to the EU regulations No. 1305/2013 were implemented for private forestry support in Latvia, also several in the NRDP 2014-2020 affordable measures were not introduced practically till November 2017, but regarding those which have already been implemented, their impact on forestry development should be further estimated.
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Kadile, Dace, Baiba Rivža, Milita Vienažindienė, and Pēteris Rivža. "Paradigms of the digital economy and society: a comparative analysis of Latvia and Lithuania." In Research for Rural Development 2024 : annual 30th international scientific conference. Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, 2024. https://doi.org/10.22616/rrd.30.2024.022.
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Digital progress in the European Union is a catalyst for economic development. The COVID-19 pandemic significantly accelerated the pace of digitalization, thereby creating not only challenges for the European Union but also new opportunities for economic development in Europe. The present research focuses on an analysis of digital economy and society index scores for Latvia and Lithuania, comparing the performance of both countries with the European Union average. The research aims to identify the critical areas that hinder digital progress in Latvia and Lithuania. Accordingly, the digital economy and society index was analysed for the period from 2018 to 2023. The empirical part of the research includes a sociological survey, and the survey data were analysed in order to identify population needs for and experience in using digital technologies in Latvia and Lithuania. The survey involved 146 respondents. The research results allowed us to identify the critical areas for Latvia and Lithuania to focus on for further digital progress. Latvia and Lithuania both show high scores, well above the EU average, in the ‘digital public servicesʼ component, indicating that both countries have a high level of e-government users and widespread access to digital public services. The results of the sociological survey further confirm this, showing that a large majority of 84.25% of respondents in both Latvia and Lithuania use digital solutions in their daily lives.
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Urbane, Marta. "The Future of the Employee’s Right to Disconnect in the European Union and Latvia." In 13th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1002285.
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The right to disconnect refers to a worker's right to be able to disconnect from work and refrain from engaging in work-related electronic communication, like emails and other messages, during non-work hours and holidays. The Latvian Labor Law does not directly determine the right to disconnect from digital devices, however, such rights arise from certain legal norms. Examples of the provisions of the Labor Law relate to the general rules on rest periods and breaks in work. The recent research results of remote work during Covid-19 pandemic conducted by the author show that for 69.3% of respondents working remotely possibility to disconnect from digital devices outside working hours (when the assigned work tasks have been completed) is extremely crucial. If the rights to disconnect are not explicitly regulated, the risk of disbalance between work and private life is at stake. The increase in workload during the emergency caused by COVID-19 was indicated by 42.7% of respondents in Latvia. That shows that another problem of lack of regulation of rights to disconnect could be unpaid overtime. The research shows that 14.7% of respondents were not paid for overtime work when working from home. The practice shows a critical need for sustainable and predictable changes in the legal system to protect employees’ rights and thus ensure stable employment in general in Latvia. It was also recently decided by Employment Committee MEPs that EU countries must ensure that workers are able to exercise the right to disconnect effectively. Some of the member states in the European Union have recently implemented the right into their legal system (Portugal, Spain, France), but each member state takes a different approach. That means that discussion is no longer if there is a need to implement the “right to disconnect” in national legal acts, but how to implement the right efficiently not only at a national level but at the EU level as well.The goal of the research is to provide an in-depth analysis of the legal status of the “right to disconnect” in the legal system of the European Union and Latvia. In order to reach the goal, the author is using various scientific research methods. The paper is based on a quantitative research method and analytical, comparative, case law analysis method to provide valid conclusions on the current role of the “right to disconnect” in Latvia and the European Union. The author also offers recommendations on how to implement the “right to disconnect” efficiently to avoid violation of employees’ rights and ensure a sustainable work environment.In the result, the author has concluded that the biggest impediment of the employee's right to disconnect is the lack of clear legislative preconditions that would encourage businesses to preserve employees' freedom to disconnect, resulting in a more sustainable working environment - both in the office and remotely.Finally, the author concludes that there is a need to adjust regulation in Latvia to meet the needs of widespread use of remote work. The author also concludes that a significant role to protect employees’ right to disconnect is for governmental authorities to explain the right to disconnect to employees and employers.
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Latviete, Ilze, and Irina Pilvere. "Social policy in the employment field in latvia after league European Union." In The 6th International Scientific Conference "Business and Management 2010". Vilnius Gediminas Technical University Publishing House Technika, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/bm.2010.087.
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Millers, Janis, Irina Pilvere, and Ilona Beizitere. "Biogas production European Union and national regulatory enactments and regulations in Latvia." In 24th International Scientific Conference. “Economic Science for Rural Development 2023”. Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies. Faculty of Economics and Social Development, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/esrd.2023.57.008.
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The article analyses the laws and regulations governing the production of biogas in the European Union (EU) and in Latvia, which determine practical economic solutions in the biogas industry. The strategic goals and basic directives of the EU energy policy are the ones on which the renewable energy sector in Europe is based, which are largely focused on a sustainable energy sector, putting the EU as a world leader in this field with a common energy market. However, each EU Member State has its own energy policy, so in order to achieve the common goal of a higher share of renewable energy in the national economy, the Member States choose different ways to achieve the goal. The aim of this article is to find out whether the regulatory acts in Latvia regulate the development of the biogas industry in a favourable way. Considering the unprecedented geopolitical situation created by Russia's invasion of Ukraine, during 2022 the renewable energy indicators to be achieved by 2030 were reviewed in the EU. They were adjusted to promote Member States' energy independence and, in the long term, the goals of climate neutrality and zero pollution, as well as to phase out dependence on Russian fossil fuels and reduce energy prices. The research shows that Latvia, following the legislation of the EU in the field of energy and also focusing on the use of renewable energy sources, to which biogas belongs, has adapted its package of policy planning documents and regulatory acts in order to comply with the goals set by the EU.
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Stepina, Mairita, and Modrite Pelse. "European Union funding support to Latvian municipalities for degraded areas revitalization." In Research for Rural Development 2022 : annual 28th international scientific conference proceedings. Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/rrd.28.2022.033.
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The formation and existence of degraded areas is one of the consequences of civilization, which has a negative impact on both the environment and economic development in the municipality. The problem of degraded areas has been faced by all countries worldwide, including Latvia, when as a result of the change of the state political system in the 1990s after the collapse of the Soviet system, a large number of inactive production companies appeared, resulting in a significant number of polluted / degraded areas. To solve the existing problem, local governments in Latvia use European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) funding under the Operational Program ‘Growth and Employment’ 5.6.2, specific support objective ‘Revitalization of territories by regenerating degraded areas in accordance with local government integrated development programs’ (SSO 5.6.2) to ensure the sustainable development of the territory by revitalizing degraded areas. In the implementation of projects, local governments must ensure the fulfilment of the indicators planned in the projects in the following groups of indicators: the area of degraded areas has been renewed, adapted for the location of new businesses or expansion of existing businesses in order to promote employment and economic activity in local governments; new jobs created in supported areas; non-financial investments made by businesses located in the supported territory in their own intangible investments and fixed assets. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate the indicators of the implemented projects in order to be able to draw conclusions about the financial aspects of the project implementation and the progress of the project implementation.
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Adlere, Oksana. "Why We Should Not Wait for Existing Latvian Crowdfunding Platforms’ Authorisation under the EU Regulation on Crowdfunding Service Providers for Business." In New Challenges in Economic and Business Development. University of Latvia, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.22364/ncebd.2023.01.
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The past decade, the crowdfunding market was growing rapidly in the European Union, including Latvia. At the same time, crowdfunding had remained unregulated domain until the European Union Regulation on European crowdfunding service providers for business (henceforth - the Regulation) was passed in October, 2020, giving the Member States one year for its adoption, and additional one year for crowdfunding service providers for authorising under the Regulation. Nevertheless, by the end of 2022, there was only one licensed crowdfunding service provider managed by Latvian legal entity. Considering this, the goal of the study is to explore why the majority of existing crowdfunding platforms, managed by legal entities registered in Latvia, has not authorised itself under the Regulation. To achieve the goal, the methodology of the study combines in-depth analysis of the Regulation with an explanatory case study of crowdfunding platforms managed by Latvian legal entities. Having considered nine platforms managed by Latvian legal entities, the results of the study show that four biggest Latvian platforms have authorized themselves as investment firms. Among other platforms which are unlicensed for the time being, there could be only one potential candidate to extend the list of crowdfunding service providers authorised under the Regulation. The conclusion was made considering the business models of the providers, and presence or absence of an auto-investing function, which was restricted by the Regulation. An implication of the obtained results is the possibility that the research will serve as a base for future studies on the Regulation’s effect on the European crowdfunding industry.
Reports on the topic "European Union – Latvia"
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Auers, Daunis. Populism and the 2024 European Parliament Election in Latvia. European Center for Populism Studies (ECPS), 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.55271/rp0076.
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Populism has been a feature of Latvia’s political landscape since the 1990s. New insurgent parties have utilized increasingly anti-establishment rhetoric, often through intensive and innovative use of social media, to win seats in the Latvian parliament and even join government coalitions. However, European Parliament elections in Latvia have been comparatively free of populism. There are two main reasons for this. First, and most importantly, there is a broad pro-European consensus in Latvia. Membership in the European Union and NATO is central to all three Baltic nations’ security strategy in light of growing threats from Russia. As a result, there is no serious Eurosceptic party in Latvia and no explicitly Eurosceptic politicians have ever been elected to the European Parliament from Latvia. Second, Latvia’s voters tend to support serious, experienced politicians in European elections, believing that they are better placed to support Latvia’s national interests in the European system. Party politics take second place in campaigning, with the focus being on the experience of candidates (after all, Latvia elected just nine MEPs in 2024) rather than policy differences. As a result, populist anti-elite rhetoric has less salience. This chapter will explore the extent to which the 2024 European Parliament election in Latvia has continued these trends. Keywords: Latvia; populism; European Parliament; Russia–Ukraine War; election campaign
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Dabrovolskas, Audrius. In Search of Film Policy and Film Exhibition Model Based on Mission Economy: the Case of the Baltic Film Industries. Publishing House - Vilnius Business College, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.57005/ab.2023.1.2.
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In Europe film industries are regulated through film policies at national and supra-national levels. The biggest attention is paid to film production and distribution, because they are considered as the most crucial sectors regarding financial investment. Film exhibition on the other hand is more about whole commercial life of a film and since theatrical admissions in European Union increased by 5.3 % (in 2019) before covid-19 pandemic it demonstrates that theatrical release is still among one of the most important release windows. Yet Lithuanian, Latvian, and Estonian film exhibition trends and their role for developing film policy were not examined. The qualitative and quantitative research methods applied: descriptive statistics and its analysis of secondary sources such as cinema attendance, the number of multiplexes and digital screens, premieres of national films and box-office and the analysis of film policy (regulatory) documents in Lithuania, Latvia, and Estonia. Economically film exhibition sector during covid-19 pandemic was heavily influenced and challenged by enormous decline in cinema attendance and the competition and rising role of audiovisual video-on-demand platforms. The article provides insights and findings based on the analysis of current role of film exhibition for the development of film policy and its possible model in the Baltic film industries.
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Domínguez, Roberto. Perceptions of the European Union in Latin America. Fundación Carolina, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.33960/issn-e.1885-9119.dt76en.
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This working paper examines the puzzle of the gaps between the images that the EU projects, voluntarily and involuntarily, and the perceptions of the EU in Latin America. After reviewing some of the debates related to the role of perceptions in public policy and EU Public Diplomacy (EUPD), the paper analyzes some critical developments in global perceptions of the EU based on the study Update of the 2015 Analysis of the Perception of the EU and EU Policies Abroad (2021 Update Study), which assessed the attitudes of the EU in 13 countries. The third section examines some studies on the attitudes of the EU in Latin America, including some contributions from Latinobarometer. The fourth section offers comparative cases of EU perception in Brazil, Mexico, and Colombia based on the findings of the 2021 Update Study. The analysis of each country relies on the interpretation of surveys with some references to the press analysis and interview methods provided in the 2021 Update Study. Each case discusses specific trends in the following areas: visibility, primary descriptors, global economics, and international leadership. Also, it identifies some patterns in perceptions of the EU in social development, climate change, research/technology, development assistance, culture, the case of the critical juncture in the survey (pandemic), and the EU as a normative setter. The final section offers some general trends in the perceptions of the EU in Latin America.
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Domínguez, Roberto. Percepciones de la Unión Europea en América Latina. Fundación Carolina, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.33960/issn-e.1885-9119.dt76es.
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Este documento de trabajo estudia el rompecabezas de la distancia entre las imágenes que la UE proyecta, de forma voluntaria e involuntaria, y las percepciones de la UE en América Latina. Después de revisar algunos de los debates relacionados con el papel de las percepciones en la política pública y la Diplomacia Pública de la UE, en el artículo se analizan algunos avances importantes en las percepciones de la UE a escala mundial a partir del estudio Análisis de la percepción de la UE y de las políticas europeas en el extranjero de 2015 (Estudio actualizado de 2021), que evaluó las actitudes hacia la UE en 13 países. La tercera sección examina algunos estudios sobre las actitudes hacia la UE en América Latina, incluidas ciertas contribuciones del Latinobarómetro. La cuarta sección recoge casos comparables de percepción de la UE en Brasil, México y Colombia a partir de los resultados del Estudio actualizado de 2021. El análisis de cada país se centra en la interpretación de las encuestas, aunque hay ciertas referencias a los métodos del análisis de la prensa y las entrevistas que se utilizaron en el Estudio actualizado de 2021. Cada caso aborda las tendencias específicas en los siguientes ámbitos: visibilidad, descriptores princi- pales, economía global y liderazgo internacional. Además, identifica ciertos patrones en las percepciones de la UE en los ámbitos del desarrollo social, el cambio climático, la investigación y la tecnología, la ayuda al desarrollo, la cultura, el caso del momento clave de la encuesta (pandemia) y la UE como referente normativo. La sección final se centra en ciertas tendencias generales en las percepciones de la UE en América Latina.
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Rodríguez Pinzón, Erika, and Germán Ríos Méndez. Latin America and the Caribbean–European Union Relations: Strengthening a Strategic Alliance. Fundación Carolina, 2025. https://doi.org/10.33960/issn-e.1885-9119.dtfcieen.
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The continuous changes in international geopolitics compel different actors to review and redefine their strategic alliances. Recent events such as the COVID-19 pandemic, China’s growing influence in Latin America amid declining U.S. presence, the presidency of Donald Trump and its impact on multilateralism, Brexit, and Russia’s invasion of Ukraine illustrate an evolving and complex global scenario. This article examines how the European Union (EU) and Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC), with their long-standing historical ties, shared values, and various association, free trade, political, and cooperation agreements, possess the necessary incentives to revitalize dialogue at multiple levels and jointly tackle the challenges of digital, ecological, and socioeconomic transitions within the framework of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and the 2030 Agenda. In a world that increasingly demands quality, trust-based relationships and the design of inclusive public policies to enable major agreements.
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Zabludovsky, Jaime, and Sergio Gómez Lora. The European Window: Challenges in the Negotiation of Mexico's Free Trade Agreement with the European Union. Inter-American Development Bank, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0011110.
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On 1 July 2000 regulations to liberalize trade flows between Mexico and the European Union came into force, after more than six years of diplomatic work and complex negotiations. These regulations are part of the ¿Tratado de Libre Comercio (TLCUEM), which is also one of the components of the Agreement on Economic Association, Political Concertation and Cooperation (¿Global Agreement¿). The Global Agreement through its three components ¿ political dialogue, trade liberalization and cooperation- was at the time the most ambitious agreement ever constituted by the EU. The economic association component included in the Global Agreement ¿ the TLCUEM- was the first overseas free trade treaty and served as an important precedent for later EU negotiations with other Latin American countries. The purpose of this essay is to analyze the reasons that led Mexico and the EU to the constitution of this treaty; to describe the main challenges of the Global Agreement negotiations of different components; and to briefly review the results of the first three years since the TLCUEM enforcement.
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Cavallo, Eduardo A., and Eduardo Fernández-Arias. Coping with Financial Crises: Latin American Answers to European Questions. Inter-American Development Bank, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0008422.
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Europe faces challenges reminiscent of Latin American financial crises. The failure of recent liquidity support to normalize the situation in Europe suggests the need to refocus the policy debate on fundamentals: structural reform for growth and, where needed, restructuring to resolve banking crises and the debt overhang. Latin America's experience yields relevant policy lessons for Europe on those fronts except concerning the use of sharp real devaluations to spearhead recovery: euro-zone countries following suit by reintroducing devalued national currencies would invite catastrophe. Despite this constraint, Europe stands a better chance of navigating the path out of the crisis because it has cooperative mechanisms unavailable in Latin America. European cooperation can provide support for orderly crisis resolution as well as growth and competitiveness within the currency union fold, to the benefit of all members. However, the path is uncharted, and successful regional cooperation will require innovation and political will.
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Grisanti, Luis Xavier. El nuevo interregionalismo trasatlántico: La asociación estratégica Unión Europea-América Latina. Inter-American Development Bank, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0009445.
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La Unión Europea (UE) y América Latina diseñaron en los años noventa una nueva arquitectura institucional para impulsar sus relaciones. Si bien el diálogo político al más alto nivel ha facilitado la consecución de nuevos acuerdos y la UE es hoy el primer proveedor de fondos al desarrollo, el intercambio comercial ha crecido a tasas inferiores a las de América Latina con otras regiones del mundo, causando una reducción notable en la participación de la UE en el comercio total regional. Cuarenta y ocho jefes de Estado y de gobierno de la UE y de América Latina y el Caribe decidieron en su primera cumbre formar una Asociación Estratégica Birregional (Rio de Janeiro, 1999). Los acuerdos de concertación política, asociación económica y libre comercio y cooperación, denominados de IV Generación, constituyen la expresión jurídica de dicha asociación. Sin embargo, la negociación de dichos acuerdos marcha a velocidades distintas, limitando el gran potencial de desarrollo de los flujos comerciales birregionales. México (2000) y Chile (2003) han puesto en vigencia sus respectivos acuerdos de asociación. MERCOSUR, después de cinco largos años, parece encaminado a concluir las negociaciones en 2004. La Comunidad Andina y América Central permanecen atados a los ya superados acuerdos de III Generación mientras el régimen droga del Sistema Generalizado de Preferencias de la UE es crecientemente erosionado. El trabajo plantea la necesidad de concluir las negociaciones con el MERCOSUR e iniciar la negociación de acuerdos de IV Generación con la Comunidad Andina y América Central, a riesgo de que la UE continúe perdiendo espacio en el comercio total de la región.
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Ruano, Lorena. Visiones latinoamericanas de la Unión Europea como potencia normativa. Fundación Carolina, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.33960/issn-e.1885-9119.dt86.
Full textAbstract:
Este documento de trabajo pone a dialogar cuatro encuestas para explorar hasta qué punto la Unión Europea (UE) se percibe en América Latina como una “potencia normativa”, en qué medida se trata de percepciones estables en el tiempo o coyunturales, y cuáles son las áreas de oportunidad para la cooperación de cara a la reactivación de las relaciones que pretenden la UE y la Presidencia española del Consejo de la UE.
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Verdes Montenegro, Francisco. La autonomía estratégica de la Unión Europea: ¿en qué lugar queda América Latina? Fundación Carolina, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.33960/issn-e.1885-9119.dt65.
Full textAbstract:
En poco más de un lustro, dos interpretaciones de la autonomía estratégica se han ido abriendo paso en el marco de la Unión Europea: una restringida —más apegada a la dimensión de defensa— y otra ampliada, con carácter multidimensional. Cada una de ellas tiene un origen y características diferentes, así como una percepción de América Latina que varía e influye en la propia forma de enfocar la relación birregional y su asociación estratégica. Por ello, el presente trabajo revisa, en primer lugar, la evolución de una noción disputada en el seno de la UE para, en segundo término, abordar cómo cada una de estas aproximaciones a la autonomía estratégica de la UE —restringida y ampliada— condiciona sus relaciones hacia América Latina. Asimismo, y para concluir, se aborda un ejemplo paradigmático de cooperación birregional que marca una pauta para futuros programas de cooperación entre ambas regiones en esta materia.