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Journal articles on the topic 'European Union – Relations – China'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 10 March 2023

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Çenberci, Engin. "The Effects of European Economic Crisis to China-European Union Economic Relations." Global Journal For Research Analysis 3, no. 3 (2012): 172–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/22778160/mar2014/60.

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2

Babic, Blagoje. "China-European union relations: A developing geoeconomic axis." Medjunarodni problemi 62, no. 3 (2010): 418–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/medjp1003418b.

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China and the European Union are very interested in developing their mutual relations. They strengthen their positions in the world business by their co-ordinated acting. In their mutual relations, they apply Geoeconomics? methods. They do not regard each other as a military threat but as one of the main economic partners. Their economies are highly complementary. ?The common economic interests? have a decisive role in China EU policy and EU China policy, respectively. EU is China?s largest economic partner. It is its largest export market, the largest source of new technologies and equipment

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3

Jokanovic, Nikola. "Contemporary economic relations between China and European Union." Medjunarodni problemi 66, no. 1-2 (2014): 35–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/medjp1402035j.

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This paper will discuss the economic relations between the European Union and the People?s Republic of China. The introductory part will make an insight into the position of China in the contemporary global economy. The following part of the paper will analyze China-EU trade relations. The topics included will be a general overview of these relations since their establishing in 1975 as well as the European Union?s attitude towards the Chinese WTO membership. The Sino-EU partnership and competition will also be described and it will be followed by an overview of the Sino-EU High Level Economic

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4

Inotai, András. "Economic relations between the European Union and China." L'Europe en Formation 370, no. 4 (2013): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/eufor.370.0047.

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5

Cabestan, Jean-Pierre. "European Union-China Relations and the United States." Asian Perspective 30, no. 4 (2006): 11–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/apr.2006.0002.

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6

PEŠEC, MOJCA. "CHINA, SECURITY CHALLENGE FOR THE EUROPEAN UNION." KONCEPT KREPITVE ODPORNOSTI DRUŽBE/THE CONCEPT OF STRENGHTENING THE RESILIENCE OF SOCIETY, VOLUME 22/ISSUE 4 (October 23, 2020): 15–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.33179/bsv.99.svi.11.cmc.22.4.1.

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Povzetek Strateško tekmovanje Evropske unije s Kitajsko je postalo povsem resnično. Kitajski vpliv v Evropi je ekonomski in geopolitičen. Kitajska je postala gospodarski tekmec, ki si prizadeva prevzeti vodilno mesto na področju razvoja tehnologij, želi pa tudi uveljavljati svoj model družbene ureditve in vladanja. Močnejša kitajska ekonomska prisotnost, kulturne in medijske aktivnosti ter dejavnosti vojaške diplomacije so orodja, s katerimi Kitajska uveljavlja svoj vpliv v odnosih z državami v Evropski uniji in v tistih na njenem obrobju. Najpomembnejši izzivi v odnosih med Kitajsko in Evropo

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7

Danilin, I., Y. Kvashnin, S. Kislitsyn, I. Kobrinskaya, A. Lomanov, and S. Utkin. "European Union – China in the Changing World Composition." World Economy and International Relations 66, no. 1 (2022): 68–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.20542/0131-2227-2022-66-1-68-79.

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By 2021, the nature of the key factors that will determine the dynamics of the EU–China relations in the medium term has become clearer. The pandemic accelerated many ongoing processes in the world, revealed “weak points” in national and regional economies and security, and exposed the true intentions of international actors. The authors proceed from the working hypothesis that an ideologized rigid approach with elements of pragmatism will dominate in the EU–China relations in the post-crisis period. The balance in the formula of these relations “partner, competitor, rival” will significantly

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8

Mejías, Daniel. "THE EUROPEAN UNION'S GLOBAL GATEWAY IN THE FRAMEWORK OF SINO-EUROPEAN RELATIONS." Latin American Journal of European Studies 4, no. 1 (2024): 323–48. https://doi.org/10.51799/2763-8685v4n2014.

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This article aims to analyze the European Union proposal called Global Gateway, a new instrument reflecting Brussels’ medium-term strategy to compete with the Belt and Road Initiative of the People’s Republic of China. This analysis will focus on how the Global Gateway not only represents an economic and geopolitical response to the Chinese initiative, but also how it embodies the promotion of EU values and democracy at the global level. It will begin by examining the historical positions that the European Union has been defending with regard to the Asian country, with a geopolitical and geoec

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9

Puslecki, Zdzislaw W. "The Need to Establish a New Format for Trade Political Relations between European Union and China." Research in Economics and Management 4, no. 3 (2019): p133. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/rem.v4n3p133.

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In this research work, Author focus on the analysis the need to establish a new format for trade-political relations between European Union and People Republic of China. What indicates the importance and innovativeness of the research is the presentation of the technical progress especially in China, the growth of economic ties with the European Union and the benefits resulting from liberalised of the China foreign trade policy under WTO. Realistic point is important trends in the trade regime between EU and China. Their commercial relations are too important to become hostage to political gra

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10

Kuna-Marszałek, Anetta. "Perspectives of trade relations between the European Union and China." Equilibrium 2, no. 1 (2009): 137–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/equil.2009.013.

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Over the last two decades, ties between China and the EU have developed into one of the most dynamic bilateral relationships in the global economy. The EU is China’s important trading partner and growing amounts of European investment are pouring into the booming Chinese economy. European companies believe that more open, democratic and law-abiding China will be a better partner. On the other hand, China wants to learn from the European experience and is keen to have access to the EU’s wide market. Those are reasons why both partners try to find better ways to communicate on the global stage.

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11

Kamiñski, Tomasz. "The Sub-state Dimension of the European Union Relations with China." European Foreign Affairs Review 24, Issue 3 (2019): 367–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/eerr2019030.

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Regional governments across the world actively participate in international relations. They open trade and cultural missions abroad, join international networks of cooperation, and sign treaties and agreements with their partners from other countries. Relationships at regional and local levels have moderated rising tensions between states that might otherwise paralyse global governance. Fast growing networks of sub-state contacts in Sino-European affairs create new opportunities for the European Union (EU) to advance European interests, norms and values. Unfortunately, acknowledgement, by Brus

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12

Ye, Yuanzheng. "European integration, strategic autonomy and the relationship between China and European Union." Arhiv za pravne i drustvene nauke 120, no. 1 (2025): 61–79. https://doi.org/10.5937/adpn2501061y.

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After World War II, European integration brought peace, stability and economic progress. However, resistance to this process has recently been noticed due to the rise of populism and extreme political trends. In order to overcome these challenges and enable further development, the strategic autonomy of the EU becomes crucial. This implies the ability of the EU and its members to act independently on the global stage, through closer cooperation in the areas of security, foreign policy and defense, as well as the improvement of economic integration and competitiveness. Strategic autonomy does n

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13

Gong, Jiahong. "The Triangular Relationship Between the European Union, China, And the United States." Journal of Education, Humanities and Social Sciences 28 (April 1, 2024): 636–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/qyts9454.

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As one of the world’s three major economic entities, the European Union (EU) has an unstable triangular relationship of economic interdependence with the other two economic giants, China and the United States. Over the past few decades, the relationship between China and Europe has been described by many media as a “downward spiral” and reached its lowest point with the freezing of the China-EU Comprehensive Trade Agreement in 2021. Human rights accusations, ideological conflicts, industrial competition, and national defense and security have become the main causes of resistance and friction i

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14

Zhumagaliyeva, Zh A., and G. U. Birimkulova. "Investment issues in relations between the PRC and EU." BULLETIN of the L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University.Political Science. Regional Studies. Oriental Studies. Turkology Series. 143, no. 2 (2023): 211–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.32523/2616-6887/2023-143-2-211-222.

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The article discusses the role of direct investment in cooperation between China and EU member states. China’s role as a global investor and financier has grown rapidly in recent decades. The bilateral investment agreement opens up great opportunities for both parties. Currently, cooperation in this area is regulated by bilateral agreements between states. In addition, today China is stepping up the promotion of the “One Belt, One Road” initiative, one of the ultimate goals of which is Europe. However, China’s somewhat increased investment in the European Union has generated much controversy.

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15

Arezina, Sanja. "New relations of the European Union and China: Friends or frenemies?" Zbornik Matice srpske za drustvene nauke, no. 173 (2020): 77–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/zmsdn2073077a.

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After the promotion of ?Made in China 2025? initiative and the beginning of US President Donald Trump?s tenure in power, in US and whole world there has been a rising negative attitude towards Chinese presence. The launch of a US-China ?trade war? and the closure of the US market for Chinese direct investment and product coincided with growing discontent of EU member states over the treatment that European companies have had at the Chinese market. As a result, there has been a change of the positive perception of the PR China by the EU member states, that was created mainly by strong inflow of

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16

Lopandic, Dusko. "European Union in the new international surroundings." Medjunarodni problemi 60, no. 2-3 (2008): 199–225. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/medjp0803199l.

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The author analyses the development of EU in the new international surroundings during the last decade, also exploring the development of the European Security and Defense Policy (ESDP). The first part treats the changes in international relations, the role of USA and the NATO evolution. With the changes in international relations that are characterized by the relative weakening of USA, the rise of the powers such as China and Russia as well as the process of globalization within the multipolar frameworks, the European Union and its members states are facing the problem of adjusting to the new

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17

Torney, Diarmuid. "Challenges of European Union Climate Diplomacy: The Case of China." European Foreign Affairs Review 19, Special Issue (2014): 119–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/eerr2014024.

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Debates on EU external relations among scholars and policy-makers have often lamented the lack of coherence and inability of the EU to 'speak with one voice'. This article, by contrast, focuses on the ability of the EU to use diplomatic capacity to understand the preferences and domestic politics of third countries. This aspect of EU external relations has been somewhat neglected in both academic and policy debates thus far, and the article uses the case of EU engagement with China on climate to illustrate its importance. EU-China engagement on climate change has resulted in a range of bilater

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18

He, Mingjun. "China - EU: legal framework and trade cooperation at the present stage." RUDN Journal of Economics 28, no. 1 (2020): 72–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2313-2329-2020-28-1-72-82.

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Relations between the EU and China are of global importance, and these ties are likely to expand in the coming years. Analyzing the trade relations between the EU and China in 2009-2018, the author notes their activation and at the same time the growth of instability and imbalance. The main purpose of this article is to answer the question, what are the success factors and problems of cooperation in the field of mutual trade, in order to identify the conditions that can play an important role in the process of strengthening bilateral ties between China and the European Union. According to the

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19

Smith, Michael, and Huaixian Xie. "The European Union and China: The Logics of 'Strategic Partnership'." Journal of Contemporary European Research 6, no. 4 (2010): 432–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.30950/jcer.v6i4.277.

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This article argues that three key logics drive the European Union’s search for a ‘strategic partnership’ with China. The first part develops an argument about the logics of ‘strategic partnerships’ in EU external policy. The second part explores the development of EU strategies towards China since the mid-1990s, with reference to key official documents and statements, and examines the motivations for declaration of a ‘strategic partnership’ with China in 2003. The third part looks at the evidence for such a partnership in EU-China economic and diplomatic relations, and assesses the negotiatio

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20

Zhao, Jingru. "Promoting Sino-European Co-operation in International Change." Lecture Notes in Education Psychology and Public Media 20, no. 1 (2023): 71–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2753-7048/20/20231480.

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Bilateral relations between China and the European Union (EU) have suffered many twists and turns, showing new features of change in stability and retreat in progress.The main reason for the new changes in China-EU relations is not the sudden deepening of internal contradictions between China and the EU or the disappearance of common interests; in fact, the Biden administration, after coming to power and needing to cope with China-U.S. competition with the power of the EU, has changed the Trump administrations emphasis on unilateralism and the U.S.-first foreign policy, returned to the positio

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21

Möller, Kay. "Diplomatic Relations and Mutual Strategic Perceptions: China and the European Union." China Quarterly 169 (March 2002): 10–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0009443902000037.

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22

Segal, Gerald. "Coping with the Soviet Union: the European and Chinese experience." Review of International Studies 12, no. 4 (1986): 265–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s026021050011383x.

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China and western Europe share a common concern—their powerful neighbour the Soviet Union. Yet it is only in the past three years that Chinese and west European attitudes towards the Soviet Union have begun to converge. The absence of any previous Sino-European agreement on the role of, and reaction to, the Soviet Union has primarily been due to the vagaries of Chinese policy. Despite Chinese assertions and west European self-flagellation, in the past 35 years the west has been stable and largely secure, whereas China has been changeable and largely insecure. Yet despite recent converging tren

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23

Yang, Yifan. "After Brexit: The Certainty and Uncertainty of China-EU Relations in Academic Discourse." European Foreign Affairs Review 25, Issue 1 (2020): 41–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/eerr2020004.

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This article examines the Chinese scholars’ perceptions of China-European Union (EU) relations in the context of Brexit, with a focus on the future of European integration, the economic and political challenges of post-Brexit China-EU relations at both unit and global levels and China’s policy choices towards the EU. In line with the views of their Western peers, this article finds that Chinese scholars hold an optimistic attitude towards a post-Brexit EU and China-EU relations in general, though they believe that Chinese policymakers must consider Chinese foreign policy dealing with a more co

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24

Vinogradova, Elizaveta Andreevna, and Marina Vladimirovna Kuznetsova. "Transregionalism in relations between Latin America and the European Union." LAPLAGE EM REVISTA 7, Extra-B (2021): 297–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.24115/s2446-622020217extra-b923p.297-304.

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Nowadays the globalized world faces new challenges, for instance, trade and economic contradictions between the main actors of the world politics (the USA and China, the USA and the EU). Amid this situation, Latin America could play the card, add momentum to the cross-regional contacts and considerably benefit from it. Fostering relations with the EU serves the national interests of Latin American countries, since the EU investment and technologies can be the tools to modernize the economy. The EU is the leader in implementing harmonization between regions. The relations between the EU and Lat

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25

Rinna, Anthony V. "The Beijing–Minsk Partnership and Belarus’s Role in China’s Economic Relations with the European Union." China Report 57, no. 1 (2021): 79–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0009445520984756.

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China’s deepening ties with the Republic of Belarus, combined with the latter’s geographic position between the EU and Russia (the veritable leader of the Eurasian Economic Union), stands to potentially benefit China’s bid to deepen economic cooperation with the European Union. More specifically, enhanced collaboration between Beijing and Minsk helps the PRC develop relations with the Eurasian Economic Union (essential to China’s ambitions to augment cooperation with Europe) while simultaneously providing a geographic avenue for China into the central and eastern European regions of the EU for

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26

Singh Vishnoi, Apoorva, and Amandeep Kaur Bajwa. "EU-China Agreement on Investment: Lessons for India from the Sino-European Model." Global Trade and Customs Journal 17, Issue 7/8 (2022): 338–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/gtcj2022047.

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The European Union (EU) is the biggest source of outbound investment in the world and China is one of the top recipients of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI). The EU-China Comprehensive Agreement on Investment (CAI) is a unique international investment agreement that reflects the evolving economic relations of the EU and China and their strategic partnership. It also serves as one of the latest examples of the ever-evolving legal approach of the EU concerning international investment, particularly the dispute settlement mechanism in the CAI. This is why CAI might hold lessons for India, which al

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27

Habova, Antonina. "RELATIONS BETWEEN THE EUROPEAN UNION AND CHINA IN A CHANGING GEOPOLITICAL LANDSCAPE." Diplomatic Economic and Cultural Relations between China and Central and Eastern European countries 10, no. 1 (2025): 123–35. https://doi.org/10.62635/ar7r-sjm7.

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Fundamental changes in the international system are underway. The unipolar world order is breaking down, and the evolving global landscape is characterized by geopolitical shifts, new confrontations, struggles for spheres of influence, and growing economic uncertainty. These developments impact the nature of relations between the European Union and China, as both perceive the transformation of the international system differently. The changing geopolitical landscape establishes a new framework for relations between Brussels and Beijing, the analysis of which is the primary objective of this ar

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28

Wang, Earl. "Amphibious Diplomacy." European Review of International Studies 10, no. 1 (2023): 1–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/21967415-10010013.

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Abstract The European Union (EU) and Taiwan (officially the Republic of China) are both non-conventional polities in international relations and the study of diplomacy. On the one hand, the EU is a ‘unique economic and political union between 27 European countries’. On the other hand, Taiwan is able to concurrently carry out two distinct forms of foreign relations. First, diplomacy as a sovereign country with states that it maintains formal diplomatic relations. Second, in the relations with states and other polities without diplomatic ties, and under their divergent ‘One China’ policies, Taiw

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29

Sielska, Zuzanna Halina. "Who Is a Friend and Who Is an Enemy? Serbia’s Relations with Selected International Entities from the Perspective of the Inhabitants of Serbia." Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Sklodowska, sectio M – Balcaniensis et Carpathiensis 9 (September 26, 2024): 143–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.17951/bc.2024.9.143-168.

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As a consequence of recent events in the world, people have become more interested in international politics, clarifying their approach to international entities, especially hegemons such as the USA, China, Russia or the European Union. Serbs have been maneuvering between the East and the West for centuries, which is why I decided to find out how they currently assess relations with individual international entities. According to surveys, the majority of Serbs believe that Russia is Serbia’s most important partner in the international arena and that their countries have the most friendly and p

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30

Noesselt, Nele. "The European Union and Chinas Multidimensional Diplomacy: Strategic Triangulation?" European Foreign Affairs Review 21, Special Issue (2016): 11–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/eerr2016031.

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Security constellations in East Asia are often reduced to bilateral competition and territorial or maritime disputes. In this vein, the focus generally lies on the perceived military rise of China and the assumed unavoidable assertive turn in its foreign strategy. This article argues that neorealist interpretations of security issues in East Asia and the role of China that start from the level of bilateral relations tend to overlook the complexity of contemporary multi-player interactions. The European Union (EU) is often excluded from the cartographic mapping of the island disputes in the Eas

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31

Zha, Daojiong. "Energy security in China–European Union relations: framing further efforts of collaboration." Contemporary Politics 21, no. 3 (2015): 308–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13569775.2015.1061246.

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32

Meissner, Werner. "Cultural Relations between China and the Member States of the European Union." China Quarterly 169 (March 2002): 181–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0009443902000116.

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33

Griese, Olaf. "EU-China relations–an assessment by the communications of the European union." Asia Europe Journal 4, no. 4 (2006): 545–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10308-006-0087-x.

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34

Pacheco Pardo, Ramon. "Security relations between China and the European Union: from convergence to cooperation?" European Security 26, no. 2 (2017): 301–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09662839.2017.1290605.

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35

UMBACH, Frank. "EU–China Relations at a Crossroads: Decoupling or a European “Sinatra Doctrine”?" East Asian Policy 13, no. 01 (2021): 47–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793930521000040.

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The EU–China relations have already changed significantly since 2019. Despite the deeply intertwined technology supply chains between the European Union (EU) and China, the EU could neither ignore Beijing’s new aggressive “wolf warrior” diplomacy nor could it capitalise on just the US–Chinese rivalry and mutual sanctions policy as wider transatlantic economic and security interests are at stake. China’s economic challenges are only part of a wider systemic competition and strategic rivalry globally and even in Europe.

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36

Higueras, Georgina. "Review and perspectives of the strategic partnership China European Union." Sinología hispánica. China Studies Review 17, no. 2 (2024): 185–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.18002/sin.v17i2.8238.

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The author proposes a commitment to dialogue and good relationships. In summary, she says that the world needs a Europe of peace, dialogue and negotiation, so as not to be the scene of hostilities and in this way, to become an actor to fully participate in the birth of the more just and inclusive multipolar world, which China seeks. Therefore, the author suggests that it is a time for cooperation and not for hegemonic powers, for collaboration and not for conflicts. The comprehensive strategic partnership has been extremely economically beneficial for both China and the European Union. As grea

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37

Pagán Sánchez, Antonio José. "The rise of China and the US-Europe alliance drift in the 2010s: A lost decade for the European Union?" Cuadernos Europeos de Deusto, no. 03 (January 28, 2022): 71–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.18543/ced-03-2022pp71-93.

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The United States and its allies within the European Union have been unable to forge a common response to deal with the rise of China. Even though China’s growing global presence might undermine the international position of the United States, Washington’s European allies have sometimes refused to close ranks with their American ally. And more importantly, European engagement with China during the last decade has lacked internal consistency and cohesion, to the point that the European Union has rarely been the relevant actor when it comes to shaping Europe-China relations. This is the conclusi

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38

Wang, Xiwen. "Is China's rising presence in Hungary since 2012 impacting on Hungary's relations with the EU?" Australian and New Zealand Journal of European Studies 15, no. 1 (2023): 47–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.30722/anzjes.vol15.iss1.17365.

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Hungary has been an active participant in China’s 16+1 initiative which is a cooperation scheme launched by Beijing in 2012 to facilitate comprehensive cooperation between China and 16 Central and Eastern European countries. The relationships between China and Hungary have improved greatly since then and China’s political and economic presence in the country is increasingly visible. Apart from the Budapest-Belgrade railway, the recent high-profile Chinese investment in Hungary includes a vaccine plant and Fudan University branch campus in Budapest. Since their bilateral relations have deepened

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39

Batsenko, Liudmyla, Roman Halenin, and Wang Haibo. "Current status of human resource management in China and EU." VUZF Review 6, no. 2 (2021): 80–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.38188/2534-9228.21.2.10.

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This paper studies the situation of human resource management in the construction industry between China and the European Union. According to the analysis, it shows the importance of human resource management. It summarizes the current situation and existing problems of human resource management in China and the European Union. Corresponding measures are proposed to facilitate the sustainable and healthy development of human resource management. Since the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and the EU, bilateral relations have developed smoothly. Later, the two parties es

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40

Martynov, Andrii. "The European Union in the postmodern system of international relations." European Historical Studies, no. 22 (2022): 23–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2524-048x.2022.22.2.

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In the history of international relations, discussions continue on the definition of criteria and chronological boundaries of different systems of international relations. The purpose of the article is to consider the theoretical and practical problems of positioning the European Union in the postmodern system of international relations. The Modern period was characterized by a block approach to security. The postmodern system of international security is based on a combination of hierarchical and network characteristics of the international system. The sovereign states of the European Union a

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41

Xiang, Xinyue. "A Study on the Influence of Germany on EU Policy Towards China." Lecture Notes in Education Psychology and Public Media 43, no. 1 (2024): 93–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2753-7048/43/20240662.

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The EU's China policy has always been the focus of research in international relations, among which there are many variables and multiple research perspectives. Due to the special status of Germany in the European Union, this paper takes the study of Germany's China policy as the starting point and the EU Council and the rotating presidency as the carrier to compare and quantify the commonalities and differences between EU and Germany's China policy trends. Through the study of Germany's influence on the EU's China policy, we hope to explore the future Sino-German and Sino-European overall rel

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42

Wang, Bowen. "Research on Factors Leading to a Shift of China's Largest Trading Partner from the European Union to ASEAN." Advances in Economics, Management and Political Sciences 180, no. 1 (2025): 106–13. https://doi.org/10.54254/2754-1169/2025.22765.

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In this paper, the author investigates why China may turn its eyes from the EU to ASEAN from four perspectives, namely, COVID-19 epidemic, BRI, Chinas structural transition of economy and geopolitics. By reviewing the existing literature and analyzing specific cases, the study found that (1) COVID-19 in 2019 led to global transport and supply chain restrictions, a shortage of raw materials and increased operating costs. Many countries and enterprises have to make new plans and adjustment to the supply chain. (2) The Belt and Road Initiative will promote China-ASEAN cooperation in infrastructur

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Witkowska, Janina. "The Attitudes of the European Union and China Towards Foreign Direct Investment: Implications for Bilateral Relations." Comparative Economic Research. Central and Eastern Europe 22, no. 3 (2019): 83–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/cer-2019-0024.

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The aim of this paper is to discuss new trends that have occurred in the policies of the EU and China towards foreign direct investment (FDI), to examine some implications of the EU‑China Comprehensive Agreement on Investment (CAI) – which is currently being negotiated – for their bilateral relations, and to assess the role which China’s “One Belt One Road’ (OBOR) initiative might play in its relations with the new EU Member States. The EU established freedom of capital movement with third countries; however, the introduction of the common investment policy has encountered some obstacles. Thes

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Zubal'ová, L'ubica, Kristína Drieniková, Lívia Ujlaky, and Eva Mária Durcekova. "THE EUROPEAN UNION AND CHINA TRADE PRESENCE IN SERBIA." Journal of Liberty and International Affairs, Institute for Research and European Studies - Bitola 9, no. 3 (2023): 370–405. http://dx.doi.org/10.47305/jlia2393370z.

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Elamiryan, R. G. "Russia and the European Union in Post-Soviet Space: In Search of Cooperative Co-Existence (the Case of Armenia)." Bulletin of Kemerovo State University 24, no. 3 (2022): 405–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.21603/2078-8975-2022-24-3-405-412.

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The article introduces the prospects of cooperative co-existence for Russia and the European Union in former Soviet republics within the current confrontation paradigm. It describes their foreign policies, strategies, and interests in the post-Soviet space. The author applied discourse and case-study analyses to the case of Armenia. The authentic idea of cooperative co-existence was projected on the relations between Russia and the European Union in post-Soviet countries. In Armenia, cooperative co-existence could be a win-win strategy, beneﬁcial for all actors involved. The case of Armenia pr

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Kosevich, E. "European Union – Latin America: Arrangements and Competition." World Economy and International Relations 68, no. 4 (2024): 87–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.20542/0131-2227-2024-68-4-87-97.

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The idea of dialogue became the unspoken “core” of the EU – Latin America interregional relations, where the creation of the network of trade agreements played an important role, in which the EU was able to succeed noticeably. This article is devoted to political aspects of the chain of trade agreements with Latin America created by the European Union as one of the foundations of the whole complex of interregional relations that develop in accordance with the priority of economy over politics. The nature of development of each of these routes of interaction, the results, as well as the barrier

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Pakulin, V. S. "The European Union, the Eurasian Economic Union, and China: Problems and Prospects for Participation in the Greater Eurasian Partnership." Bulletin of Kemerovo State University 24, no. 3 (2022): 391–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.21603/2078-8975-2022-24-3-391-397.

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The article features the role of the EU in the Greater Eurasian Partnership (GEP), a common geo-economic area in Eurasia proposed by Russian President Vladimir Putin at the St. Petersburg Economic Forum in 2016. The author assessed the prospect of cooperation between the EU, China, and the Russian Federation on a bilateral level, including the GEP concept. The author sees no premises for establishing Greater Eurasia at present: the interactions between China and the EU and between China and Russia as part of The Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) are independent of each other. If relations between

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Nitza-Makowska, Agnieszka. "The Implications of the China–Pakistan Economic Corridor for Pakistan–European Union Relations." Nowa Polityka Wschodnia 24, no. 1 (2020): 28–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.15804/npw20202402.

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Värk, Juhan. "Russia between China and the European Union: Friends or Foes?" Baltic Journal of European Studies 3, no. 1 (2013): 29–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/bjes-2013-0003.

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AbstractFor a long time Russia has regarded the European Union and China as its main economic and trade partners, giving preference to the EU. A sudden change occurred in October 2008, when as a response to the EU’s sharp criticism of the Kremlin over the Georgian-Russian military conflict, Russia decided to re-orient its foreign economic and trade policy from the EU to China and partially also to India. At the same time Russian-Chinese military and energy cooperation started to grow. Russia sold China oil and gas at low price and supplied it with advanced weaponry, which has increased China’s

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Hasmath, Reza, and Una Berzina-Cerenkova. "Cyber Technology and the European Union’s Gestaltian Approach to China." Stosunki Międzynarodowe – International Relations 2 (June 16, 2022): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/stomiedintrelat.17431.2.

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Contemporary European Union (EU) and China relations are marked by a simultaneously beneficial, conflictual and competitive partnership. This is aptly evident in the cyber technology realm. This paper contends that the European Union’s gestaltian approach towards China can be understood with the aid of three theoretical positions: (1) an institutional perspective; (2) as a values-based actor; and, (3) a realpolitik dimension. The arguments advanced in the paper, ultimately imply that the EU’s approach towards China can provide various EU domestic and global actors’ space to exploit contradicti

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