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Journal articles on the topic 'Europena Union countries'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 29 July 2024

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Medikienė, Monika. "Ryšių tarp Europos Sąjungos valstybių vartotojų ekonominių lūkesčių tyrimas." Applied Economics: Systematic Research 11, no. 2 (2017): 13–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.7220/aesr.2335.8742.2017.11.2.1.

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Anna, Nowak, and Kaminska Agnieszka. "Agricultural competitiveness: The case of the European Union countries." Agricultural Economics (Zemědělská ekonomika) 62, No. 11 (2016): 507–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/133/2015-agricecon.

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3

Foden, David. "Trade union proposals towards EMU." Transfer: European Review of Labour and Research 4, no. 1 (1998): 88–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/102425899800400110.

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This article provides an overview of the debate within the trade union movement on Europe's forthcoming economic and monetary union. It reviews the reasoning behind the ETUC's critical support for EMU and outlines the main issues in the trade union debate in ten European countries. It finds that the general political debate at national level has a significant influence on the discussion within the trade unions, and that the sector of the economy within which individual unions organise is also of relevance. Nevertheless, these specific concerns are placed within the framework of policy defined

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4

Furåker, Bengt. "European trade union cooperation, union density and employee attitudes to unions." Transfer: European Review of Labour and Research 26, no. 3 (2020): 345–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1024258920933118.

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European trade unions have much to gain from cooperating with each other. Such cooperation does exist, but it is still fairly limited and many obstacles need to be overcome if cooperation is to be improved. According to our survey data, higher-level union officials regard differences concerning financial resources and national labour market regulations to be particularly substantial barriers to cooperation. The enormously varying union density across Europe, and its general decrease, also creates barriers. Therefore, employee attitudes to unions are examined using data from the International S

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5

Adamczyk, Anita. "Państwa Grupy Wyszehradzkiej wobec kryzysu imigracyjnego w Unii Europejskiej." Przegląd Europejski, no. 1-2017 (September 24, 2017): 10–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.31338/1641-2478pe.1.17.1.

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The purpose of this article is to analyse the attitude of the Visegrad Group countries towards the immigration crisis in the EU. The article shows the joint activities of the V4 countries and their decisions taken at national level. The main thesis posed in this article states that the negative attitudes towards compulsory relocation of immigrants have activated the Visegrad Group countries and have integrated them with common aims. The article shows a split in among the member states of the EU and thus a lack of solidarity in solving the immigration’s problem.

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Lampreia dos Santos, M. J. P. L. "Segmenting farms in European Union." Agricultural Economics (Zemědělská ekonomika) 59, No. 2 (2013): 49–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/28/2012-agricecon.

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The main objective of this work is to characterize and segment the farms of the twenty-seven Member States of the European Union (EU). For this purpose, the techniques of cluster analysis and cluster of cases segment the farms, based on a sample of farms of the Farm Accountancy and Information Network. The results show the existence of four types of farms in the EU that are distinguishable by their (i) structural characteristics, in particular, for their Utilized Agricultural Area, the total output, by the percentage of contract work and the total work, (ii) by their financial characteristics,

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Turner, Thomas, and Daryl D’Art. "Public Perceptions of Trade Unions in Countries of the European Union." Labor Studies Journal 37, no. 1 (2012): 33–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0160449x11429266.

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8

Hall, Joshua C., Robert A. Lawson, and Rachael Wogsland. "The European Union and Economic Freedom." Global Economy Journal 11, no. 3 (2011): 1850232. http://dx.doi.org/10.2202/1524-5861.1731.

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This paper integrates two growing strains of literature. The first strain looks at the effect of economic and political unions on outcomes such as bond ratings and economic convergence. The second strain looks at the determinants of economic freedom across countries. Building from these two literatures, we investigate the impact of joining the European Union on a country’s economic freedom. Using a panel of countries from 1970 to 2007, we find evidence that joining the European Union increases a country’s economic freedom. Empirically, however, the impact of joining the union on economic freed

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9

Blinnikova, Anna Valer'evna, Vitalii Viktorovich Goncharov, Oleg Nikolaevich Malinovskii, Andrei Vladimirovich Cheshin, and Elena Gennad'evna Petrenko. "International cooperation of subjects of public control (subjects of civil society) on the example of the countries of the European Union." Международное право и международные организации / International Law and International Organizations, no. 4 (April 2024): 51–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.7256/2454-0633.2024.4.72347.

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This article is devoted to the analysis of the current state and problems of the development of the institute of international cooperation of subjects of public control (subjects of civil society) on the example of the countries of the European Union. The authors note that the Institute of public control, which in the countries of the European Union is referred to in the context of the terms "transparency" and "participation", is the most important institution of civil society in these states, which has a long history. Due to the fact that the European states have been increasingly converging

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10

VEGIČ, VINKO. "TEMELJNO ŠOLANJE ČASTNIKOV V DRŽAVAH EVROPSKE UNIJE – ISKANJE ODGOVOROV NA SODOBNE ZAHTEVE." CONTEMPORARY MILITARY CHALLENGES, VOLUME 2017, ISSUE 19/1 (May 15, 2017): 77–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.33179/bsv.99.svi.11.cmc.19.1.4.

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Povzetek V razpravah glede prihodnjega šolanja častnikov v Sloveniji je pomembno tudi preučevanje modelov v tujini in sodobnih problemov na tem področju. V prispevku so na kratko prikazani izzivi na področju temeljnega šolanja častnikov, predvsem z vidika razmerja med usposabljanjem za konkretne naloge in širše usmerjenim izobraževanjem. Kakovost izobraževanja je pomembna ne le za vojaško učinkovitost, temveč tudi za odnos vojske s civilnimi strukturami v državi in z mednarodnim okoljem. Prikazane so temeljne poteze šolanja častnikov v državah EU. Proces šolanja sestavljata dve medsebojno pove

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11

Jensen, Carsten Strøby. "Trade unionism in Europe: Are the working class still members?" European Journal of Industrial Relations 26, no. 1 (2019): 107–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0959680119838881.

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How far does social class position influence the likelihood that employees will be members of a trade union? I use European Social Survey data to compare trade union membership of ‘working-class’ and ‘middle- and upper class’ employees in different European countries. Although the former dominate the trade unions in absolute numbers in most (but not all) countries, the likelihood that the latter will be members of a trade union is higher in most of the countries analysed.

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12

Stec, Małgorzata. "Innovation in European Union Countries." Gospodarka Narodowa 236, no. 11-12 (2009): 45–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.33119/gn/101233.

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13

Bilohur, Vlada, and Roman Oleksenko. "THE EUROPEAN SPORT MODELS MANAGEMENT IN THE EUROPEAN UNION COUNTRIES EUROPEAN UNION." HUMANITIES STUDIES 90, no. 13 (2022): 59–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.26661/hst-2022-13-90-07.

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14

RUSIELIK, Robert. "ZMIANY EFEKTYWNOŚCI TECHNICZNEJ ROLNICTWA W KRAJACH UNII EUROPEJSKIEJ W LATACH 2007–2016." Folia Pomeranae Universitatis Technologiae Stetinensis Oeconomica 347, no. 93 (2019): 69–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.21005/oe2018.93.4.06.

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15

Tluczak, Agnieszka. "Diversity of the selected elements of agricultural potential in the European Union countries." Agricultural Economics (Zemědělská ekonomika) 66, No. 6 (2020): 260–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/381/2019-agricecon.

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Agricultural importance in determining the directions of respective regions results from its production potential. The agricultural potential of a given country is determined by natural resources, ways of using them, natural conditions, workforce resources, technical resources and basic economic conditions. In this paper, only income and rural population are taken under consideration to describe the agricultural potential. Currently, European Union countries are functioning under the assumptions of the Common Agricultural Policy, assuming, among other things, increasing agricultural productivi

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16

Luboslav, Szabo, Grznar Miroslav, and Zelina Michal. "Agricultural performance in the V4 countries and its position in the European Union." Agricultural Economics (Zemědělská ekonomika) 64, No. 8 (2018): 337–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/397/2016-agricecon.

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The paper is devoted to an analysis of the development of agrarian farms in Visegrad Group (V4) countries, primarily in terms of results and the most important production inputs of production factors and their efficiency in the period from 2004 to 2013 based on the EU Farm Accountancy Data Network (FADN). The results of the analysis show that if farms in the V4 countries want to achieve the same performance as developed countries, they must invest more in purchasing intensification factors and adjust the structure of assets production specification. It will be necessary to stop the reduction i

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17

Ghenţa, Mihaela, Aniela Matei, and Luise Mladen-Macovei. "Abordări privind îngrijirea de lungă durată a persoanelor vârstnice, în ţările Uniunii Europene." Sociologie Romaneasca 18, no. 1 (2020): 146–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.33788/sr.18.6.

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18

ALTINTAŞ, Furkan Fahri. "Avrupa Birliği Ülkelerinin Sağlık Güvenliği Performanslarının Ölçülmesi: MAIRCA Yöntemi ile Bir Uygulama." Gevher Nesibe Journal IESDR 6, no. 13 (2021): 81–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.46648/gnj.241.

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By analyzing their own and each other's health security performance, countries can develop strategies and methods to increase their health security performance. Therefore, it is important to provide the said performance measurement in order to raise awareness of the health security performance of the countries. In this context, the health security performances of the European Union countries were measured by the MAIRCA method over the values of the Global Health Security Index (GHSI) components for the latest and current 2019. In the research, the relationships were calculated between the heal

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19

Polyakov, Maxim, Igor Khanin, Vladimir Bilozubenko, Maxim Korneyev, and Gennadij Shevchenko. "Factors of uneven progress of the European Union countries towards a circular economy." Problems and Perspectives in Management 19, no. 3 (2021): 332–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/ppm.19(3).2021.27.

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The increased final consumption exacerbates the problem of the scarcity of natural resources and leads to environmental pollution. The concept of circular economy, which implies the formation of closed-loop chains of production and consumption with maximum regeneration and recycling of materials, is considered as an alternative to the firmly established “linear economy” (take-make-dispose). As a part of sustainable development strategy, the European Union adopted a general policy on the transition to a circular economy. However, for objective reasons, such transition is quite uneven at the lev

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20

WOLNIAK, Radosław. "Quantitative relations between the implementation of industry management systems in European union countries." Scientific Papers of Silesian University of Technology. Organization and Management Series 2020, no. 142 (2020): 33–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.29119/1641-3466.2020.142.3.

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21

Okoń-Horodyńska, Ewa, Anna Zachorowska-Mazurkiewicz, Rafał Wisła, and Tomasz Sierotowicz. "Gender in the creation of intellectual property of the selected European Union countries." ECONOMICS & SOCIOLOGY 8, no. 2 (2015): 115–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.14254/2071-789x.2015/8-2/9.

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22

Claudia Isac, Claudia Isac, Codruta Dura Codruta Dura, and Rascolean Ilie Rascolean Ilie. "Contextual Analysis of Commercial Trade Between the European Union, Romania and Bric Countries." Indian Journal of Applied Research 3, no. 11 (2011): 91–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/2249555x/nov2013/29.

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23

Takahashi, Marta. "MIGRANT INTEGRATION IN EUROPEAN COUNTRIES." DIEM Dubrovnik International Economic Meeting 8, no. 1 (2023): 27–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.17818/diem/2023/1.4.

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The European Union was created and is founded on values which are the joint heritage and patrimony of the overall development of Europe, namely the ideals of freedom, unity and equality, peace and security, democracy, human and minority rights and the rule of law. The reason why migrants come to Europe is because it is safe, there is more democracy, there is more freedom, more tolerance, but also more social benefits, than in their countries of origin. The EU ensures the social needs of migrants are met through tax revenues. It also specifies the frameworks within which member states adopt the

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24

STOIKA, Viktoriia. "Problems of Ukraine’s integration into the European Union." Scientific Papers of Silesian University of Technology. Organization and Management Series 2020, no. 146 (2020): 469–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.29119/1641-3466.2020.146.33.

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European integration and the identification of obstacles to full membership in the European Union. Design/methodology/approach: The methodological and theoretical basis of the article is the fundamental provisions of economic theory, the works of scientists and economists in the field of international economic relations and integration. Findings: The article explores the problems of Ukraine’s integration into the EU. The study analyzed the attitude of Ukrainians towards European integration, identified the main arguments for and against accession to the EU countries, as well as the main intern

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25

Mosimann, Nadja, and Jonas Pontusson. "Solidaristic Unionism and Support for Redistribution in Contemporary Europe." World Politics 69, no. 3 (2017): 448–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0043887117000107.

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Using data from the European Social Survey (2002–14), this article explores the effect of union membership on support for redistribution. The authors hypothesize that the wage-bargaining practices of unions promote egalitarian distributive norms, which lead union members to support redistribution, and that this effect is strongest among high-wage workers. Consistent with the authors’ expectations, the empirical analysis shows that the solidarity effect of union membership is strongest when unions encompass a very large share of the labor force or primarily organize low-wage workers. The author

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26

Maksvytienė, Inga, and Rugilė Nemanytė. "Europos Sąjungos valstybių maisto produktų ir gėrimų sektoriaus eksporto konkurencingumo vertinimas." Applied Economics: Systematic Research 14, no. 1 (2021): 77–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.7220/aesr.2335.8742.2020.14.1.5.

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27

BĄK, Iwona, Maciej OESTERREICH, and Wojciech ZBARASZEWSKI. "PRZESTRZENNE ZRÓŻNICOWANIE KRAJÓW UNII EUROPEJSKIEJ POD WZGLĘDEM WALORÓW ŚRODOWISKA I TURYSTYKI." Folia Pomeranae Universitatis Technologiae Stetinensis Oeconomica 333, no. 86 (2017): 15–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.21005/oe.2017.86.1.02.

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Kozmenko, Serhiy, Taras Savchenko, and Dmytro Kazarinov. "Assessment of financial convergence of Ukraine with the CIS countries and the European Union." Banks and Bank Systems 7, no. 4 (2012): 5–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/bbs.7(4).2012.01.

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29

Tluczak, Agnieszka. "Convergence of prices on the pig market in selected European Union countries. Case study." Agricultural Economics (Zemědělská ekonomika) 68, No. 3 (2022): 107–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/342/2021-agricecon.

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Due to its specificity, animal production depends to a lesser extent than plant production on agrometeorological conditions. Interdependence between the prices of animal products and climatic conditions manifests itself primarily through the fodder markets, which determine the profitability of animal breeding and keeping. The process of economic integration should contribute to a decline in price differentiation between European Union (EU) countries. In the case of the pig market, however, it is necessary to bear in mind the pig cycle, which particularly affects the supply of livestock and the

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Skulason, Ari, and Markku Jääskelainen. "Regional co-operation within the Nordic Council of Trade Unions and across the Baltic Sea." Transfer: European Review of Labour and Research 6, no. 1 (2000): 78–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/102425890000600108.

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This article reviews the evolution of trade union co-operation within the Nordic Council of Trade Unions (NFS). The NFS was founded in 1972 with the aim of strengthening the already close ties between the Nordic national trade union movements in a context where several Nordic countries were making approaches to the EC and Nordic unions had been playing an active role in creating the ETUC. In recent years the work of the NFS has become more oriented, first, towards European issues and, second, towards co-operation with unions in the Baltic countries. The major changes on the geopolitical map of

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31

Larsson, Bengt. "Trade Union Channels for Influencing European Union Policies." Nordic Journal of Working Life Studies 5, no. 3 (2015): 101. http://dx.doi.org/10.19154/njwls.v5i3.4809.

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This paper analyzes what channels trade unions in Europe use when trying to influence European Union (EU) policies. It compares and contrasts trade unions in different industrial relations regimes with regard to the degree to which they cooperate with different actors to influence EU policies, while also touching on the importance of sector differences and organizational resources. The study is based on survey data collected in 2010–2011 from unions affiliated with the European Trade Union Confederation and from below peak unions in 14 European countries. Results of the survey show that the ‘n

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Joumard, Isabelle. "Tax systems in European Union countries." OECD Economic Studies 2002, no. 1 (2003): 91–151. http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/eco_studies-v2002-art4-en.

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33

Hsieh, Jin-chi, Ching-cheng Lu, Ying Li, Yung-ho Chiu, and Ya-sue Xu. "Environmental Assessment of European Union Countries." Energies 12, no. 2 (2019): 295. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12020295.

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This study utilizes the dynamic data envelopment analysis (DEA) model by considering time to measure the energy environmental efficiency of 28 countries in the European Union (EU) during the period 2006–2013. There are three kinds of variables: input, output, and carry-over. The inputs are labor, capital, and energy consumption (EC). The undesirable outputs are greenhouse gas emissions (GHE) and sulfur oxide (SOx) emissions, and the desirable output variable is gross domestic product (GDP). The carry-over variable is gross capital formation (GCF). The empirical results show that first the dyna

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Gajos, Edyta, Sylwia Małażewska, and Konrad Prandecki. "EMISSION EFFICIENCY OF EUROPEAN UNION COUNTRIES." Annals of the Polish Association of Agricultural and Agribusiness Economists XX, no. 6 (2018): 55–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0012.7732.

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The aim of the study was to compare the total greenhouse gas emissions in the European Union countries and their emission efficiency. Emission efficiency was calculated as the ratio of emission volume and value to gross value added generated by the economy of a given country (size of the economy). The necessary statistical data was obtained from Eurostat. It was found that in 2015 most of greenhouse gases were emitted by: Germany, United Kingdom, Poland, France and Italy. At the same time, France and the United Kingdom were characterized by one of the best emission efficiency in the European U

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Krivins, Anatolijs, Andrejs Vilks, and Aldona KIPANE. "Corruption perception trends: European Union countries." Access Journal - Access to Science, Business, Innovation in the digital economy 5, no. 1 (2023): 58–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.46656/access.2024.5.1(4).

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36

Anlamassova, M. K., R. T. Japparova, and A. Zh Mukazhanova. "Soft power of European Union countries." BULLETIN of the L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University.Political Science. Regional Studies. Oriental Studies. Turkology Series. 145, no. 4 (2023): 8–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.32523/2616-6887/2023-145-4-8-18.

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There are two main diplomatic strategies used by states in International Relations: hard power and soft power. Hard power uses the tools of military force or other coercive strategies to achieve the desired result. Soft power, on the other hand, tries to achieve the desired result with persuasive tactics. In short, hard power uses force, while soft power uses charm and attractiveness or makes the other party do what you want.These days, political scientists and other experts have begun to emphasize the increasing effectiveness of using a combination of hard and soft power, or smart power. In I

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Rodríguez-Gulías, María Jesús, Vítor Manuel de Sousa Gabriel, and David Rodeiro-Pazos. "Effects of governance on entrepreneurship: European Union vs non-European Union." Competitiveness Review: An International Business Journal 28, no. 1 (2018): 43–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/cr-06-2016-0035.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyse the effect of six governance indicators on the rate of creation of new companies between countries that are members of the European Union (EU) and those that are not. H1 states that the various dimensions of governance help to explain the immediate creation of new businesses in European and non-European countries. H2 states that the various dimensions of governance help to explain the deferred creation of new businesses in European and non-European countries. Design/methodology/approach The paper uses two types of analyses: firstly, univariate an

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38

Villalgordo Pujalte, Borja, and Manuel Hernández Pedreño. "El rol de Europa del Este en el principio de cohesión de la Unión Europea. Hacia una incompleta integración." Áreas. Revista Internacional de Ciencias Sociales, no. 40 (December 30, 2020): 19–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.6018/areas.409421.

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La Unión Europea viene promoviendo la consecución de la cohesión social y económica desde sus Tratados Constitutivos. El alcance de este objetivo se ha visto ralentizado por varios motivos, como la entrada de los países de Europa del Este que ha supuesto un aumento de la heterogeneidad en la Unión; o por el diferente impacto de la reciente crisis económica en los distintos países. El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar el proceso de convergencia/divergencia de los países de Europa del Este en los parámetros socioeconómicos de la Unión Europea que fomentan la cohesión social y económica. La hi

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39

Ahner, D. "Agriculture and agricultural policy in the European Union." Agricultural Economics (Zemědělská ekonomika) 49, No. 2 (2012): 62–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/5266-agricecon.

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The paper deals with the particular stages of development of the EU Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) in the last forty years. The process and impacts of CAP reforms are analyzed for the particular production industries of agriculture. The paper also presents a&nbsp;detailed description of Agenda 2000 and mid-term review of the Common Agricultural Policy in 2002 that brought about many proposals for the future working of CAP after accession of Central and Eastern European countries.

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40

Haughton, Lesley. "Supporting learners through trade unions." Journal of the National Institute for Career Education and Counselling 20, no. 1 (2008): 23–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.20856/jnicec.2005.

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This article examines the role of voluntary trade union activists in delivering information advice and guidance aboutlearning, work and careers to members of their unions. The context for this work is the learning and skills system in England, not for the United Kingdom as a whole. It presents a case study of the way in which we in unionlearn, the learning and skills organisation established by the Trades Union Congress (TUC), have developed a model and strategy for supporting learners in unions. Unions in other European Union (EU) countries may wish to consider how this model could be context

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41

Saatcioglu, Cem, and Kaan Celikok. "European Regional Integration and its Partnership with Türkiye: An Assessment of the Specific Customs Union." International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues 13, no. 1 (2023): 184–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.32479/ijefi.14014.

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International economic integrations, especially after the end of World War II, result from the long-term goals of establishing political unity based on countries' orientation towards their common economic interests. Customs unions, in which states abolish tariffs among themselves and apply common tariffs to third countries, are the next advanced stage of international integration after free trade zones. While customs unions eliminate tariffs and related taxes in trade within their jurisdiction, they also establish a common external tariff. This entails some asymmetrical disadvantages for the c

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42

Feldmeier, Gerhard. "German foreign trade surpluses – a problem for the European Monetary Union?" International Journal Of Innovation And Economic Development 1, no. 1 (2015): 7–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.18775/ijied.1849-7551-7020.2015.11.2001.

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In the light of the controversial discussion on the cause and effects to the total economy of the high export surplus of one country and their consequences for other countries, the concrete question as to whether high German balance on current account surplus mentioned is indeed responsible, as alleged, for macroeconomic divergence in the European Union or for balance on current account deficits in other European countries will is addressed in this paper. We examine how and to what extent German export success represents a lasting threat to the stability of the Eurozone and impedes economic re

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Saucedo-Acosta, Edgar J. "INCOME INEQUALITY AND ECONOMIC GROWTH AT THE EUROPEAN UNION." DIEM Dubrovnik International Economic Meeting 9, no. 1 (2024): 73–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.17818/diem/2024/1.5.

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Economic growth has several determinants, however, there is little research on the effect of income inequality on economic growth. In the case of the European Union, there are countries with different varieties of capitalism, which leads a significant variation in the levels of inequality between countries. The paper aims to estimate the effect of income inequality on the economic growth of the Member States of the European Union, considering different types of income inequality: Gini index, top 1% share and top 10% share. We used a dynamic and static panel that models which measure the effect

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Colfer, Barry. "The European Trade Union Confederation." socio.hu 9, Special Issue (2020): 9–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.18030/socio.hu.2019en.9.

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The European Trade Union Confederation (ETUC) represents some 45 million trade union members from eighty-nine national trade union confederations and ten European Industry Federations from thirty-nine countries. In 2019, ETUC entered its forty-sixth year and marked its fourteenth quadrennial Congress in Vienna where delegates intervened to shape the work plan and direction of the organisation for the coming four years and to elect a new Executive Committee. This article takes stock of ETUC’s background and primary activities and considers whether ETUC enhances the power and influence of its me

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Ševela, M. "Price levels convergence of consumer expenditures in the European Union ." Agricultural Economics (Zemědělská ekonomika) 52, No. 5 (2012): 197–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/5016-agricecon.

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The convergence of price levels is one of the important aspects of a real convergence and is often viewed as a criterion for the evaluation of preparedness. The convergence process of comparative price levels can run either through the exchange rate channel and/or that of nominal prices. The paper is focused on the assessment of comparative price levels and the rate of their convergence in the enlarged European Union within the period of 1999&ndash;2003. With the exception of Cyprus, the price levels in the new EU member countries were significantly lower. The greatest differences from the

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Jensen, Carsten Strøby. "Political attitudes and trade union membership in the Nordic countries." European Journal of Industrial Relations 23, no. 4 (2017): 381–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0959680117708372.

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Do political attitudes influence the likelihood of employees being members of a trade union, and to what extent is this the case in the Nordic countries with their high aggregate levels of membership? In this article, I address these questions using European Social Survey data from 2012. The results show that left-wing political attitudes have the most impact on the likelihood of trade union membership in Sweden and to a lesser extent in Denmark. In Norway and Finland, there is no statistically significant impact. I argue that the impact of left-wing political attitudes on unionization in Swed

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Moll, P. G. "Black South African Unions: Relative Wage Effects in International Perspective." ILR Review 46, no. 2 (1993): 245–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/001979399304600203.

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Despite the disenfranchisement of blacks in South Africa, the state's refusal to officially recognize black unions until 1980, and police repression of the union movement, this analysis of data for 1985 shows that black unions in South Africa had by that year made wage gains similar to those of unions in more developed countries. The union effect on wages for black blue-collar workers was 24%, which is in the range of effects found in studies of U.S. unions and above the range of effects found for European unions. Another finding is that black unions compressed wages across skill levels, an ef

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Vosejpková, M. "Approaches to the rural development problems in the European Union and in some of the Central and Eastern European countries." Agricultural Economics (Zemědělská ekonomika) 48, No. 4 (2012): 171–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/5299-agricecon.

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Utilisation of regional policy helps to reduce disparities among regions. The approaches to solving these problems in the European Union differ from the approaches practised in Central and Eastern European countries. The development of rural areas in the European Union is realised through the principles of regional policy and its instruments, i.e. Structural Funds, in co-operation with the Common Agricultural Policy. The applied assistance from the Structural Funds is aimed at the objectively defined areas. The situation of countries with many socio-economic problems is reflected in the weak d

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Stawicki, M., and A. Wojewódzka-Wiewiórska. "Regional Differentiation of GDP at the NUTS-3 Level in Selected European Countries after their Accession to the European Union." Economy of Regions 19, no. 4 (2023): 1224–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.17059/ekon.reg.2023-4-20.

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The issue of regional development is gaining importance due to the disproportions in its socio-economic aspects. The study aims to identify changes in economic development of selected countries which joined the European Union (EU) in 2004. The study examines small NUTS-3 (Nomenclature of territorial units for statistics) regions, which are territories determined for statistical purpose, that are less often analysed in the literature. Moreover, it focuses on spatial aspects, also considering rarely examined urban-rural typology of regions. The value and dynamics of gross domestic product (GDP)

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Murinkó, Lívia, and Ivett Szalma. "Men’s Fertility in Second Unions in Three European Countries: The Effect of Parenthood Status." Finnish Yearbook of Population Research 50 (March 14, 2016): 53–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.23979/fypr.51497.

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In the present paper we investigate how fatherhood influences childbirth in the second union of men in three European countries. We use data from the first wave of the Generations and Gender Survey for France (2005), Norway (2007/8) and Hungary (2004/5) and we apply piecewise exponential event history models. The analysis complements earlier literature by focusing on men, taking a comparative perspective, looking at change over time, considering both cohabiting and marital unions, and also differentiating between the effects of non-residential and (part- or full-time) residential fatherhood.Fi

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