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Journal articles on the topic 'Evacuation strategy'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 15 June 2024

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Wang, Yuchen, Jianxiao Ma, Yuhang Liu, Yingjia Bai, and Le Xu. "Optimal exit choice during highway tunnel evacuations based on the fire locations." PLOS ONE 16, no. 8 (2021): e0256523. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0256523.

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In the case of a fire, the choice of exit in the highway tunnel is strictly limited by fire location, which seriously affects the evacuation time. A spontaneous or disorderly exit choice might result in a decreased evacuation efficiency and utilization rate of exits. In this paper, we propose a strategy to obtain the optimal exit choice based on fire location during highway tunnel evacuations. In our strategy, first, the vehicle distributions and locations of evacuating occupants are determined in the traffic simulation program VISSIM. The evacuation simulation software BuildingEXODUS is emplo

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2

Lee, Dongkwan. "A Study on the Strategy for Responding to Large-Scale Complex Disasters." J-INSTITUTE 8 (August 31, 2023): 46–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.22471/disaster.2023.8.46.

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Purpose: A large-scale complex disaster refers to a disaster that develops on a huge scale outside the predictable range as natural disasters and social disasters occur serially or simultaneously. The local community must take into account the diversity of residents' situations and organize an evacuation cooperation system in advance in order to respond to such large-scale, complex disasters. The purpose of this paper is to present a direction for improving community response to disasters through a review of large-scale complex disasters. Method: This study examines the large-scale flood

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Kim, Kyu Hyuk, and Tai Jin Song. "Simulation-based Evacuation Strategy for Radioactive Leakage in a Large Scale Network." Crisis and Emergency Management: Theory and Praxis 18, no. 10 (2022): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.14251/crisisonomy.2022.18.10.1.

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South Korea, which has a higher population density than other countries, can lead to massive human costs in the event of a disaster such as a radiation leakage. Accordingly, a number of studies have been conducted to simulate disaster situations or derive optimal evacuation routes. However, most of the road network data used in these studies are virtual or small. In this study, actual road network data from the entire Gyeongsang region were used. In addition, various scenarios for evacuation situations in the event of a radiation leakage were constructed in consideration of various variables s

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Pan, Gao, Mingxi Peng, Tiejun Zhou, Zhanzhi Wan, and Zheng Liang. "Research on Safety Design Strategy of Evacuation Stairs in Deep Underground Station Based on Human Heart Rate and Ascending Evacuation Speed." Sustainability 15, no. 13 (2023): 10670. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su151310670.

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An effective evacuation staircase safety design strategy is an important measure to ensure the safe evacuation of personnel in deep underground stations, and its design is influenced by human heart rate (HR) and ascending evacuation speed. This study clarifies the relationship between the ascending evacuation speed and human HR in deep underground stations by simulating an emergency situation in a deep underground station and observing individuals evacuating via stairs. A mathematical model of the ascending evacuation speed and HR at different heights is then established. Through the identific

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Lewis, PhD, Carol Abel, Sandra Onyejekwe, MS, Garlin Wynn, MS, and Brandon Mosley, MS. "Options for improving evacuation: Investigating an unconventional strategy and expanding route options using TRansportation ANalysis and SIMulation System." Journal of Emergency Management 13, no. 2 (2015): 173. http://dx.doi.org/10.5055/jem.2015.0229.

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Various agencies including state departments of transportation, emergency management offices, a municipal works agency, or a highway patrol agency may prepare evacuation plans. Storm strength and landfall predictions determine procedures and strategies. Studies have been conducted that examined various methods considering evacuees’ behaviors, traffic control, safety, and preferential routing. The occasions when a hurricane is imminent require residents to make a choice between sheltering-in-place or evacuating. Tremendous growth is anticipated in many US coastal communities and that will place

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Lan, Tiancai, Shoutang Liu, Yuanliang Ye, et al. "Endoscopic evacuation of supratentorial hematoma: A hemostatic strategy for surgeons." Medicine 104, no. 3 (2025): e36501. https://doi.org/10.1097/md.0000000000036501.

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Endoscopic hematoma evacuation has become well received for its high evacuation rate in patients with intracerebral hematoma. Effective hemostatic procedure is the key to the success of the procedure. Any single method cannot solve all kinds of intraoperative bleeding, The key to hemostasis is to identify the type of bleeding and take the best hemostasis method during endoscopic surgery. In our study, sixty-two intracerebral hemorrhage patients who underwent endoscopic hematoma evacuations were analyzed. Intraoperative bleeding was graded as Grades 0, 1, 2, and 3 based on characteristics of bl

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Sun, Hai, Lanling Hu, Wenchi Shou, and Jun Wang. "Self-Organized Crowd Dynamics: Research on Earthquake Emergency Response Patterns of Drill-Trained Individuals Based on GIS and Multi-Agent Systems Methodology." Sensors 21, no. 4 (2021): 1353. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21041353.

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Predicting evacuation patterns is useful in emergency management situations such as an earthquake. To find out how pre-trained individuals interact with one another to achieve their own goal to reach the exit as fast as possible firstly, we investigated urban people’s evacuation behavior under earthquake disaster coditions, established crowd response rules in emergencies, and described the drill strategy and exit familiarity quantitatively through a cellular automata model. By setting different exit familiarity ratios, simulation experiments under different strategies were conducted to predict

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Lu, Shan, Wen Shuo Liu, Xun Weng, and Fang Zhou Li. "Study on Evacuation Strategy in High-Rise Buildings Fire." Advanced Materials Research 472-475 (February 2012): 3207–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.472-475.3207.

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This paper first proves the practicability of evacuation using elevators in high-rise buildings fire. Analyzing characteristics of the evacuation by elevators, the paper put forward an improved evacuation strategy and the corresponded improved evacuation model. In order to further prove the improved evacuation strategy can shorten the evacuation time, taking a certain building for example, this paper design many projects of evacuation, which based on different evacuation strategies. Finally, the paper modeling and simulating these projects with simulation software, results showed by simulation

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9

Hua, Jingyi, Gang Ren, Yang Cheng, and Bin Ran. "An Integrated Contraflow Strategy for Multimodal Evacuation." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2014 (2014): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/159473.

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To improve the efficiency of multimodal evacuation, a network aggregation method and an integrated contraflow strategy are proposed in this paper. The network aggregation method indicates the uncertain evacuation demand on the arterial subnetwork and balances accuracy and efficiency by refining the local road subnetworks. The integrated contraflow strategy contains three arterial configurations: noncontraflow to shorten the strategy setup time, full-lane contraflow to maximize the evacuation network capacity, and bus contraflow to realize the transit cycle operation. The application of this st

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AI –Dulaimi, Ibtisam Kareem. "Design of an Emergency System Based on Wireless Sensor Networks through Cloud Computing/A Proposed Model at the University of Mosul." April-May 2023, no. 33 (May 17, 2023): 40–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.55529/jecnam.33.40.51.

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Wireless sensor networks are frequently used during evacuations (WSN). Improved evacuation procedures can be achieved using modern means of communication, including the Internet, wireless networks, mobile phones, and more. To aid evacuees in avoiding danger, WSN enables target monitoring, hazard sensing, data collecting, and sharing. This research aims to find ways to reduce road congestion during evacuations. Its purpose is to evenly disperse persons who must evacuate across the available exits in a congested region (i.e., building, campus, zoo, etc.). The concept of wireless sensor networks

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La Greca, Annette M., Kaitlyn E. Brodar, BreAnne A. Danzi, Naomi Tarlow, Karina Silva, and Jonathan S. Comer. "Before the Storm: Stressors Associated with the Hurricane Irma Evacuation Process for Families." Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness 13, no. 1 (2019): 63–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/dmp.2019.9.

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ABSTRACTObjectiveParents and children are vulnerable populations following hurricanes, and evacuation is an important safety strategy. Yet, little is known about “before the storm” stressors, particularly the surrounding evacuation, affecting families. Thus, following Hurricane Irma, we evaluated both stressful and positive aspects of the evacuation process for families, and we compared perceived safety and stress before, during, and after the hurricane across evacuating and non-evacuating families.MethodsSouth Florida parents of children under age 18 years (N=554; 97% mothers) completed an on

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Ali, Asad, Mingwei Guo, Salman Ahmad, Ying Huang, and Pan Lu. "Optimizing Wildfire Evacuations through Scenario-Based Simulations with Autonomous Vehicles." Fire 7, no. 10 (2024): 340. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fire7100340.

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Natural disasters like hurricanes, wildfires, and floods pose immediate hazards. Such events often necessitate prompt emergency evacuations to save lives and reduce fatalities, injuries, and property damage. This study focuses on optimizing wildfire evacuations by analyzing the influence of different transportation infrastructures and the penetration of autonomous vehicles (AVs) on a historical wildfire event. The methodology involves modeling various evacuation scenarios and incorporating different intersection traffic controls such as roundabouts and stop signs and an evacuation strategy lik

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Isya, M., Azmeri Azmeri, and Enny Irmawati Hasan. "Analisis Kelayakan Proses Evakuasi Vertikal pada Daerah Zona Merah di Kecamatan Kuta Alam." Jurnal Teknik Sipil 10, no. 1 (2021): 9–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.24815/jts.v10i1.18180.

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Kuta Alam Subdistrict is one of the Districts which are prone to tsunami disaster, 5 Gampongs from 11 Gampongs in Kuta Alam Sub-district are Gampong in the red zone, namely Gampong Lampulo, Gampong Lamdingin, gampong Lambaro Skep, Gampong Mulia, and gampong Peunayong. Based on the level of vulnerability, the five Gampongs are included in the Village which has a very high risk of tsunami. The main strategy to reduce disaster risk is to reduce casualties, namely by evacuating residents in vulnerable areas before the tsunami wave arrives in the area. Vertical evacuation is an evacuation carried o

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Kim, PhD, Karl, Brian Wolshon, PhD, Pradip Pant, PhD, Eric Yamashita, MURP, and Jiwnath Ghimire, PhD. "Assessment of evacuation training needs: Targeting instruction to meet the requirements of local communities and agencies." Journal of Emergency Management 18, no. 6 (2020): 475–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.5055/jem.2020.0518.

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As the need to prepare for, respond to, and recover from major disruptive events continues to become more critical, the use of evacuation as a protective action strategy when confronted with life-threatening disasters is a key component of community resilience planning. While the basic concepts of evacuations are straightforward and consistent across locations and hazard types, the details of planning and managing an evacuation are more varied and complex. To improve evacuation preparedness, the training of emergency managers, police, and transportation agencies becomes key. This study assesse

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Hamizan, S., S. Roselina, H. Habibollah, Y. Yusliza, and M. Y. Lizawati. "Crowd Emergency Evacuation Simulation Time Analysis via Obstacle Optimization Strategy." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2129, no. 1 (2021): 012045. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2129/1/012045.

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Abstract The crowd evacuation simulation is essential to provide important results for occupants, especially in the large capacity building compared to the human fire drill exercise. The strategy of evacuation such as the use of obstacles may need to be adapted by many organizations as an aid to help in visualizing and estimating the evacuation time during an emergency. During certain crowd events, they may consider the various setting of the object to ensure smoothness and effective crowd evacuation flow. In this paper, it aims to provide the simulation with 100-1000 agents and testing with o

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Gao, Fei, Zhiqiang Du, Chenyu Fang, Lin Zhou, and Martin Werner. "A Spatio-Temporal Cognitive Framework for Individual Route Choice in Outdoor Evacuation Scenarios." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 11, no. 12 (2022): 605. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi11120605.

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Route choice is a complex issue in simulating individual behaviors and reproducing collective phenomena during evacuations. A growing concern has been given to the individual cognitive mechanism to investigate how routing decisions are made in specific situations. However, the essential role of multiple spatio-temporal scales has not been completely considered in the current cognitive frameworks, which leads to the inaccuracy of cognition representation in evacuation decisions. This study proposes a novel spatio-temporal cognitive framework integrated with multiple spatio-temporal scales for i

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Wang, Zhenfei, Chuchu Zhang, Junfeng Wang, Zhiyun Zheng, and Lun Li. "Research on Path Planning Algorithm for Crowd Evacuation." Symmetry 13, no. 8 (2021): 1339. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym13081339.

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In recent years, crowded stampede incidents have occurred frequently, resulting in more and more serious losses. The common cause of such incidents is that when large-scale populations gather in a limited area, the population is highly unstable. In emergency situations, only when the crowd reaches the safe exit as soon as possible within a limited evacuation time to complete evacuation can the loss and casualties be effectively reduced. Therefore, the safety evacuation management of people in public places in emergencies has become a hot topic in the field of public security. Based on the anal

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18

Wang, Xingji, Bin Liu, Weilian Ma, Yuehai Feng, Qiang Li, and Ting Sun. "Simulations on Evacuation Strategy and Evacuation Process of the Subway Train Under the Fire." Fire 7, no. 12 (2024): 464. https://doi.org/10.3390/fire7120464.

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This study focuses on the safe evacuation strategy and evacuation process in the subway train under the fires. The subway station evacuation mode should be adopted if the power system of a subway train is normal on fire. While, the tunnel evacuation mode should be adopted if the power system of the train fails because of the effects of fire. Under the tunnel evacuation mode, the direction of tunnel smoke should be opposite to that of most passengers, and passengers should be evacuated toward the fresh wind. By using the numerical simulation software Pathfinder and PyroSim, the passenger evacua

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Xiong, Kang, Miaocheng Weng, Fang Liu, and Yuhan Lu. "Numerical Study on Evacuation Evaluation and Strategy of Theater with Rotating Auditorium." Buildings 12, no. 8 (2022): 1202. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings12081202.

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In recent years, more and more theaters with rotating mechanisms have been built and used, such as theaters with rotating auditoriums. The rotation mechanism in this type of building may lead to the uncertainty of evacuation distances and routes, which undoubtedly poses a higher challenge to performance-based fire protection design. Taking the revolving auditorium theater as an example, this paper proposes a systematic method to solve the problem of randomness in evacuation scenarios. The numerical simulations based on FDS and Pathfinder were carried out, and two improved evacuation strategies

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Wang, Ze, Shi Yong Ma, and Shi An. "A Dynamic Emergency Evacuation Network Optimization Problem with Crossing Elimination Strategy." Advanced Engineering Forum 5 (July 2012): 32–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/aef.5.32.

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This paper presents a dynamic evacuation network optimization problem that incorporates crossing elimination strategy. Bottleneck problem at intersections during evacuation process is analyzed for the effective evacuation planning. The developed model is formulated as a system-optimum traffic assignment based on cell transmission model (CTM), which can effectively investigate the characteristics of randomness and dynamics of evacuation flow’s spatial and temporal distribution. The numerical results show that the model can provide crucial theoretical support for evacuation decision-making for t

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Ternero, Rodrigo, Juan Sepúlveda, Miguel Alfaro, et al. "Analysis of Pedestrian Behavior for the Optimization of Evacuation Plans in Tall Buildings: Case Study Santiago, Chile." Buildings 13, no. 12 (2023): 2907. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings13122907.

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Countries located in the Pacific Ring of Fire, such as Chile, require robust evacuation plans for tall buildings to manage the ongoing threat of natural disasters. This study presents a methodology for developing evacuation plans by conducting pedestrian movement simulations with agents that have a model of their surroundings. This approach allows us to assess different scenarios and choose the best option based on the specific characteristics of the site. The method combines simulation and data analysis, using the Monte Carlo method to improve emergency evacuations. Initially, Pathfinder soft

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Xu, Hui, Cheng Tian, and Yang Li. "Emergency Evacuation Simulation and Optimization for a Complex Rail Transit Station: A Perspective of Promoting Transportation Safety." Journal of Advanced Transportation 2020 (January 7, 2020): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8791503.

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Rail transit stations with multifloor structures have been built in many cities to intensively utilize land resources and facilitate lives of community. However, being overcrowded with passengers results in high risks during daily operation. In response, this study conducted an emergency evacuation simulation and optimization in the three-dimensional (3D) space of “complex rail transit stations” (CRTSs). The aim of the paper is to provide a methodology to determine effective emergency evacuation strategies for CRTSs. The Lianglukou Rail Transit Station in Chongqing, China, was used as a case s

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Zhu, Yuan, Kaan Ozbay, Kun Xie, Hong Yang, and Ender Faruk Morgul. "Network Modeling of Hurricane Evacuation Using Data-Driven Demand and Incident-Induced Capacity Loss Models." Journal of Advanced Transportation 2021 (September 3, 2021): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6620254.

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The development of a hurricane evacuation simulation model is a crucial task in emergency management and planning. Two major issues affect the reliability of an evacuation model: one is estimations of evacuation traffic based on socioeconomic characteristics, and the other is capacity change and its influence on evacuation outcome due to traffic incidents in the context of hurricanes. Both issues can impact the effectiveness of emergency planning in terms of evacuation order issuance, and evacuation route planning. The proposed research aims to investigate the demand and supply modeling in the

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Mao, Xinhua, Changwei Yuan, Jiahua Gan, and Jibiao Zhou. "Optimal Evacuation Strategy for Parking Lots Considering the Dynamic Background Traffic Flows." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 12 (2019): 2194. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16122194.

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An optimal evacuation strategy for parking lots can shorten evacuation times and reduce casualties and economic loss. However, the impact of dynamic background traffic flows in a road network on the evacuation plan is rarely taken into account in existing approaches. This research develops an optimal evacuation model with total evacuation time minimization by dividing the evacuation process in a parking lot into two periods. In the first period, a queuing theory is used to estimate the queuing time, and in the second period, a traffic flow equilibrium model and an intersection delay model are

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Hartama, Dedy, Herman Mawengkang, Muhammad Zarlis, and Rahmad Widia Sembiring. "Model of emergence evacuation route planning with contra flow and zone scheduling in disaster evacuation." Computer Science and Information Technologies 2, no. 1 (2021): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/csit.v2i1.p1-10.

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Evacuation is characterized by rapid movement of people in unsafe locations or disaster sites to safer locations. The traffic management strategy for commonly used evacuations is the use of Shoulder-Lane, contraflowing traffic and gradual evacuation. Contra-flow has been commonly used in traffic management by changing traffic lanes during peak hours. To implement the contra-flow operation, there are two main problems that must be decided, namely Optimal Contraflow Lane Configuration Problem (OCLCP) and Optimal Contraflow Scheduling. Within the OCSP there are two approaches that can be used: zo

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Dedy Hartama, Herman Mawengkang, Muhammad Zarlis, and Rahmad Widia Sembiring. "Model of emergence evacuation route planning with contra flow and zone scheduling in disaster evacuation." Computer Science and Information Technologies 2, no. 1 (2021): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/csit.v2i1.pp1-10.

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Evacuation is characterized by rapid movement of people in unsafe locations or disaster sites to safer locations. The traffic management strategy for commonly used evacuations is the use of Shoulder-Lane, contra flowing traffic and gradual evacuation. Contra flowhas been commonly used in traffic management by changing traffic lanes during peak hours. To implement the contra flowoperation, there are two main problems that must be decided, namely optimal contraflow lane configuration problem (OCLCP) and optimal contraflow scheduling. Within the OCSP there are two approaches that can be used: zon

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Dedy, Hartama, Mawengkang Herman, Zarlis Muhammad, and Widia Sembiring Rahmad. "Model of emergence evacuation route planning with contra flow and zone scheduling in disaster evacuation." Computer Science and Information Technologies 2, no. 1 (2020): 1–10. https://doi.org/10.11591/csit.v2i1.p1-10.

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Evacuation is characterized by rapid movement of people in unsafe locations or disaster sites to safer locations. The traffic management strategy for commonly used evacuations is the use of Shoulder-Lane, contraflowing traffic and gradual evacuation. Contra-flow has been commonly used in traffic management by changing traffic lanes during peak hours. To implement the contra-flow operation, there are two main problems that must be decided, namely optimal contraflow lane configuration problem (OCLCP) and optimal contraflow scheduling. Within the OCSP there are two approaches that can be used: zo

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Wang, Yiyu, Jiaqi Ge, and Alexis Comber. "A pedestrian ABM in complex evacuation environments based on Bayesian Nash Equilibrium." AGILE: GIScience Series 4 (June 6, 2023): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/agile-giss-4-50-2023.

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Abstract. This research proposed an improved pedestrian evacuation ABM incorporating Bayesian Nash equilibrium (BNE) to provide more realistic simulations of evacuating behaviours in complex environments. BNE theory was introduced to improve the rationality of model simulations by quantifying individual decision-making process. Latest research put forward that BNE pedestrians (agents) were capable of evacuating faster and displayed more intelligent and representative evacuating behaviours. To further evaluate the role of BNE played in agents’ navigations in complex scenarios, this paper extend

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Fragkos, Georgios, Pavlos Apostolopoulos, and Eirini Tsiropoulou. "ESCAPE: Evacuation Strategy through Clustering and Autonomous Operation in Public Safety Systems." Future Internet 11, no. 1 (2019): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fi11010020.

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Natural disasters and terrorist attacks pose a significant threat to human society, and have stressed an urgent need for the development of comprehensive and efficient evacuation strategies. In this paper, a novel evacuation-planning mechanism is introduced to support the distributed and autonomous evacuation process within the operation of a public safety system, where the evacuees exploit the capabilities of the proposed ESCAPE service, towards making the most beneficial actions for themselves. The ESCAPE service was developed based on the principles of reinforcement learning and game theory

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Yu, Heng, Yijing Huang, and Haiyan He. "Safety Analysis of Partial Downward Fire Evacuation Mode in Underground Metro Stations Based on Integrated Assessment of Harmful Factors." Systems 13, no. 7 (2025): 549. https://doi.org/10.3390/systems13070549.

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Underground metro stations are integral to urban transit infrastructure, and ensuring their safety during fire emergencies is crucial. This study proposes a novel evacuation strategy for underground metro stations wherein a segment of evacuees descends to the platform level via train, while the remaining individuals evacuate upward to the ground level through station exits. A novel safety assessment methodology is established to evaluate fire evacuation efficacy, incorporating the cumulative effects of smoke, elevated temperatures, carbon dioxide, and reduced oxygen levels. Employing an actual

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Li, Zhenning, Hao Yu, Xiaofeng Chen, Guohui Zhang, and David Ma. "Tsunami-induced traffic evacuation strategy optimization." Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment 77 (December 2019): 535–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.trd.2019.09.008.

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Bahaaldin, Karzan, Ryan Fries, Parth Bhavsar, and Plaban Das. "A Case Study on the Impacts of Connected Vehicle Technology on No-Notice Evacuation Clearance Time." Journal of Advanced Transportation 2017 (2017): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/6357415.

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No-notice evacuations of metropolitan areas can place significant demands on transportation infrastructure. Connected vehicle (CV) technology, with real-time vehicle to vehicle and vehicle to infrastructure communications, can help emergency managers to develop efficient and cost-effective traffic management plans for such events. The objectives of this research were to evaluate the impacts of CVs on no-notice evacuations using a case study of a downtown metropolitan area. The microsimulation software VISSIM was used to model the roadway network and the evacuation traffic. The model was built,

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Liu, Yang, Huajun Zhang, Yu Zhan, Kunxiang Deng, and Liangzhi Dong. "Evacuation Strategy Considering Path Capacity and Risk Level for Cruise Ship." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 10, no. 3 (2022): 398. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse10030398.

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Cruise ships are large and complex, and it is difficult to manually make a plan to evacuate people to safe areas in a short time. Evacuation time and personnel safety are both important for emergency evacuation. This paper proposes an evacuation strategy that considers the path capacity and risk level to guide evacuees in fire; it not only ensures the safety of people on dangerous paths but also reduces road congestion to shorten evacuation time. High crowd density means slow moving speed, an exponential function including straight path and stairs speed characteristics is proposed to illustrat

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Niu, Heng, Yuanyuan Zhang, Liang Li, Yanbin Han, Qingtao Hou, and Sijie Niu. "Analysis of the effect of obstacles on evacuation efficiency in emergencies." Journal of Statistical Mechanics: Theory and Experiment 2024, no. 6 (2024): 063405. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-5468/ad4e2c.

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Abstract Congestion is one of the factors that affects evacuation efficiency in emergencies. In this study, we focus on shortening the total evacuation time (TET) by setting obstacles near the exit. For this purpose, we add a probability-based obstacle avoidance strategy to modify the original social force model to simulate pedestrians’ obstacle avoidance behaviour. Using the model, we analyse the influence of the number of obstacles, their position and their distance to the wall with the exit on the TET. In addition, we discuss the relationship between the average density at the exit and the

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Zong, Xinlu, Chunzhi Wang, Jiayuan Du, and Yingli Jiang. "Tree hierarchical directed evacuation network model based on artificial fish swarm algorithm." International Journal of Modern Physics C 30, no. 11 (2019): 1950097. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129183119500979.

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With the increase of emergencies in large public places, emergency evacuation research has become an important and urgent issue. This paper first proposes a tree hierarchical evacuation network. According to the hierarchical path selection strategy, the evacuation routes are obtained and sorted by the length of route. This hierarchical path selection strategy is more realistic than using the straight line distance. An evacuation model based on hierarchical directed evacuation network is presented in this paper, and a hierarchical directed artificial fish swarm algorithm is proposed to solve th

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Salia, Traoré Mamadou, Camara Daouda, Sylla Yacouba, et al. "Obstetric Evacuations Received At the "Major Moussa Diakite" Referral Health Centre in Kati, Republic of Mali." EAS Journal of Medicine and Surgery 6, no. 03 (2024): 92–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.36349/easjms.2024.v06i03.003.

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The organisation of the evacuation referral system is an important strategy for reducing maternal and perinatal mortality in Mali. Objective: To study obstetric evacuations received in the gynaecology and obstetrics department of the "Major Moussa DIAKITE" referral health centre in Kati. Method: We conducted a cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical study. Data were collected retrospectively and prospectively over a 12-month period (from 1 January to 31 December 2020). Sampling was exhaustive and included all cases of obstetric evacuation received and managed on site during the study perio

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Maria Sri Asih, Anna, Ekky Novia Rubbyarta, and Bertha Maya Sopha. "Analysis of human behavioral attributes in improving disaster evacuation strategy of mount merapi." MATEC Web of Conferences 204 (2018): 01005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201820401005.

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Mount Merapi is one of the active volcanoes in Indonesia. Physical conditions of the Merapi environment which is suitable for farming and tourism attract people to stay in the area although it tends to be more prone to be affected when the eruption disaster occurs. Different public perceptions of disasters when such events occur can influence their behavior and hence community decision-making during evacuation process. Thus, evaluation of the evacuation planning based on population behavior is important to be considered. This study aims to determine attributes that influence the behavior of th

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Mao, Chao, Shou Chen, and Peng Fei Yang. "Simulation of Traffic Flow in Hurricane Emergency Evacuation Use Dynamic Control Strategy." Applied Mechanics and Materials 742 (March 2015): 404–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.742.404.

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Based on the hurricane evacuation process, the dynamic characteristics of hurricane disaster risk were analyzed. The degree of harm and endanger regional are the two aspects of dynamic characteristics of hurricane disaster risk and by use the hurricane center and hurricane levels, the risk measurement method for a given point was proposed. The new emergency evacuation strategy was based on the largest decline of unit risk which was also the main idea of vehicle steering decision function. By the hurricane evacuation examples, the case that traffic net with traffic bottlenecks was studied by si

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Hu, Jun, Huijun Sun, Ge Gao, Juan Wei, and Lei You. "The Group Evacuation Behavior Based on Fire Effect in the Complicated Three-Dimensional Space." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2014 (2014): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/949280.

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In order to effectively depict the group evacuation behavior in the complicated three-dimensional space, a novel pedestrian flow model is proposed with three-dimensional cellular automata. In this model the calculation methods of floor field and fire gain are elaborated at first, and the transition gain of target position at the next moment is defined. Then, in consideration of pedestrian intimacy and velocity change, the group evacuation strategy and evolution rules are given. Finally, the experiments were conducted with the simulation platform to study the relationships of evacuation time, p

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Chasanah, Faizul, and Hiroyuki Sakakibara. "Implication of Mutual Assistance Evacuation Model to Reduce the Volcanic Risk for Vulnerable Society: Insight from Mount Merapi, Indonesia." Sustainability 14, no. 13 (2022): 8110. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14138110.

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The successful evacuation of vulnerable people during emergencies is a significant challenge. In the case of a Mount Merapi eruption, limited private vehicles in the community and a lack of evacuation transport and government volunteers led some people to walk to the meeting area. Consequently, low walking speeds by vulnerable persons may increase the risk and delay. Therefore, the mutual assistance strategy is proposed to support vulnerable people by evacuating them with young people. This grouping was simulated using an AnyLogic software with the agent-based model concept. Pedestrians and ve

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Andreadakis, Antonios, and Dimitrios Dalaklis. "Systematic Review of the Problematic Factors in the Evacuation of Cruise/Large Passenger Vessels and Existing Solutions." Applied Sciences 14, no. 24 (2024): 11723. https://doi.org/10.3390/app142411723.

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Background: In recent decades, the size and passenger capacity of cruise/passenger ships has been associated with noticeable growth; in turn, this has created significant concerns regarding the adequacy of existing evacuation protocols during an “abandon the ship” situation (life threatening emergency). This study provides a systematic overview of related weaknesses and challenges, identifying critical factors that influence evacuation efficiency, and also proposes innovative/interdisciplinary solutions to address those challenges. It further emphasizes the growing complexity of cruise/passeng

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Deng, Kunxiang, Qingyong Zhang, Hang Zhang, Peng Xiao, and Jiahua Chen. "Optimal Emergency Evacuation Route Planning Model Based on Fire Prediction Data." Mathematics 10, no. 17 (2022): 3146. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math10173146.

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For the emergency evacuation of cruise ships in case of sudden fire, this research proposes a dynamic route optimization method based on the improved A* algorithm for real-time information, in order to obtain the real-time optimal evacuation route. Initially, a basic network topology diagram is established according to the internal structure of the cruise ship. Before the occurrence of the accident, the A* algorithm can be applied to obtain an a priori evacuation network consisting of all the optimal routes from each node to the exit. At the time of the accident, the dynamic diffusion of fire

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Bu, Lei, Feng Wang, Xuesong Zhou, and Chuanzhong Yin. "Managed gating control strategy for emergency evacuation." Transportmetrica A: Transport Science 15, no. 2 (2018): 963–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/23249935.2018.1552336.

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Zhu, Yuan, Kaan Ozbay, Hong Yang, Fan Zuo, and Di Sha. "Modeling and Simulation of Cascading Failures in Transportation Systems during Hurricane Evacuations." Journal of Advanced Transportation 2021 (April 22, 2021): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5599073.

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Effective and timely evacuation is critical in alleviating the impact of hurricanes. As such, evacuation models are often sought to support the preparedness of evacuations. One important task in the modeling process is to evaluate exogenous factors that cause transportation system capacity loss during evacuation. Typical factors include direct damage to the roadway network due to storm surge and cascading impacts because of other facilities failures. For example, power outage can lead to signal failure and subway suspension. This paper aims to develop a macroscopic simulation-based approach to

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Han, Tianran, Jianming Zhao, and Wenquan Li. "Smart-Guided Pedestrian Emergency Evacuation in Slender-Shape Infrastructure with Digital Twin Simulations." Sustainability 12, no. 22 (2020): 9701. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12229701.

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Rapid exploitation of city underground space has led to the development of increasingly more underground slender-shape infrastructure like pedestrian tunnels, concourses, subway walkways, underground shopping streets, etc. Pedestrian evacuation in those public places in case of emergency can be disastrous if not properly guided. Therefore, it is important to understand how to enhance the evacuation efficiency through proper active guidance. In this study, we propose a digital twin based guiding system for pedestrian emergency evacuation inside a slender-shape infrastructure, aiming at enhancin

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Zheng, Hong, Yi-Chang Chiu, Pitu B. Mirchandani, and Mark Hickman. "Modeling of Evacuation and Background Traffic for Optimal Zone-Based Vehicle Evacuation Strategy." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2196, no. 1 (2010): 65–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2196-07.

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Nguyen, Manh Hung, Tuong Vinh Ho, and Jean-Daniel Zucker. "Integration of Smoke Effect and Blind Evacuation Strategy (SEBES) within fire evacuation simulation." Simulation Modelling Practice and Theory 36 (August 2013): 44–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.simpat.2013.04.001.

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Zhu, Kongjin, Yue Yang, Yi Niu, Zhijian Fu, and Qin Shi. "Modeling pedestrian flow on multi-storey stairs considering turning behavior." International Journal of Modern Physics C 28, no. 03 (2017): 1750034. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129183117500346.

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Pedestrian flow both in normal and emergency situations (i.e. evacuation) has been widely studied by means of experiments as well as modeling methods. In this paper, an extended lattice-gas model is proposed to reproduce the pedestrian flow on multi-storey stairs during evacuations. Two-stage turning strategy is incorporated into the proposed model to simulate the 180[Formula: see text] turning behaviors of pedestrians on staircase mid-landings, and some movement characteristics such as walking preference and the probabilistic feature of turning are also considered in the extended model. The e

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Gerges, Michael, Peter Demian, Ahmed Khalafallah, and Marek Salamak. "Occupants’ Perspectives of the Use of Smartphones during Fire Evacuation from High-Rise Residential Buildings." Applied Sciences 12, no. 11 (2022): 5298. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12115298.

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Over the past few years there has been a significant change in fire safety design and management. As the possibility of safe escape is the most crucial aspect of a building’s fire safety features, the understanding of human behaviour under fire conditions is important for a successful evacuation. Previous research studies have developed models, prototypes, and serious games that help engineers/architects to design or firefighters to improve design so that the building facilitates a smooth evacuation process. Although these studies have looked into human behaviour, perceptions of important stak

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Zhou, Di, Jun Hu, Xiaoling Gao, et al. "Queueing behaviors at exit in cellular automaton model with S-queue." International Journal of Modern Physics B 33, no. 08 (2019): 1950064. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979219500644.

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In order to effectively depict the queuing state of pedestrians at the exit of interior space, a new pedestrian evacuation model is proposed based on cellular automation and S-queue. This model firstly defines the calculation equation of the pedestrian movement probability based on the floor field and queue length, and derives the calculation equation of queue length according to the S-queue theory. Finally, pedestrians are organized for real evacuation in the interior space, and an experimental platform is constructed for simulation analysis according to the real environment, and the relation

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