Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Évaluation des ressources minières'
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Orellana, Fuentes Claudia Alejandra. "L'évaluation comptable des réserves et ressources des entreprises de l'industrie extractive." Phd thesis, Université Paris Dauphine - Paris IX, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01021539.
Full textMBAINAISSEM, NATOINGAR. "La mise en valeur internationale des ressources minières africaines : les difficultés de l'option volontariste." Dijon, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992DIJOD007.
Full textMining industry has always been attractive for African countries and is taking on a strategic character in the national economies. For that reason, decolonization often coincided with a voluntaristic orientation of policies in favor of development. The sixties (60') and seventies '70') characterized by a relatively stable demand for raw materials and by the fear of scarcity in the main consumer countries provided producer countries with the opportunity of making rapid progress, both economically and socially, therefore it was important first that the legal founding in international law emerge so as to allow national control and then implement action in favor of prices. At the same time, the access to mining development was subjected to a reinforced protection at the internal level. The world mining industry entering a period of structural crisis, tends to situate the problem of mining development in an unprecedented context and the African alternative strategies cannot be put into practice immediately. The small scale mining which appears in this context among the solutions to be adopted, could generate internal effects (economic and social), however the legal restrictions and ambiguities seem to hinder because of their existence, the scope of this orientation
Roulette, Loïc. "Le statut des ressources minières marines françaises : pour un rattachement au patrimoine commun de la nation." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0776.
Full textFrance has the second largest maritime area in the world and a real expertise in the off-shore sector. It is therefore doubly concerned by the potential of mineral resources contained in the seabed. According to several studies, maritime areas under the sovereignty or jurisdiction of France would contain many mineral deposits. These contain resources known as oil but also potential resources such as rare earth metals needed for advanced technologies. These resources are undoubtedly one of the major challenges of the twenty-first century. Their exploitation nevertheless gives rise to economic and environmental claims: the local populations mean to benefit from the gains resulting from this exploitation; the environment will have to be preserved by the off-shore operators. The Mining Code cannot meet these challenges. The status of marine mineral resources must therefore be adapted to these new challenges. The thesis argues, in a word, for their attachment to the common heritage of the Nation. Indeed, the transtemporal and transpatial aspects of the notion of the common heritage of the Nation make it possible to respond to local demands as well as to the environmental issue (Part I). In addition, an integration of marine mineral resources into the common heritage of the Nation would not be contrary to the Law of the Sea (Part II). On the other hand, the special status of certain overseas territories should be taken into account (Part III)
Ouattara, Abdoulaye. "Le développement minier en Afrique." Paris 9, 1990. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1990PA090043.
Full textMaiga, Ahamadou Mohamed. "Les conditions juridiques d'exploitation des ressources minières dans les États de l'Union économique et monétaire ouest-africaine, UEMOA." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2019. http://theses.univ-amu.fr.lama.univ-amu.fr/190611_MAIGA_213kqcigb555r445y995j_TH.pdf.
Full textThe process of decolonization and independence has enabled African states to assert and devote their permanent sovereignty to mineral resources, not only in continental terms but also nationally through constitutions and mining legislation. This consecration of permanent sovereignty over mineral resources has resulted in the creation of a right of access to these resources by means of the mining exploitation permit, a mining concession contract or a mining sharing contract. production for any mining operation. However, while in general the procedures for granting the mining exploitation permit are common in the Member States of the West African economic and monetary union (UEMOA), there is a legislative contradiction on the determination of the movable nature. or real estate license. This legislative contradiction inevitably affects the identification of the types of guarantees to be included in the mining exploitation permit. In addition to this legislative contradiction, the obtaining of the mining exploitation license necessarily creates rights and obligations with regard to the mining operator and the host State. Therefore, this thesis would seek to provide answers to certain legal issues related to the mining conditions in the UEMOA States while carrying out an analysis on the legal effects related to the exploitation of the mines
Herges, Christian. "Aspects juridiques de l'évaluation des compétences professionnelles des salariés." Université Robert Schuman (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998STR30002.
Full textThis thesis takes her origin from the legal consecration of juridical assessments techniques, instruments and procedures (legal and periodical competences and improvements discussion between the manager and workers, assessments tests, aptitudes or cognitive questionnaires, professional +check-up;), and with the reglementation of general principles of validity and lawfulness competences assessment and selection procedures for salaried. The first part describes and studies the assessment rights, enumerates the assessment opportunities (cases whenever the workers can demand to be evaluated) and presents the application ground of this right. It is also an analysis of the personnel rating methods (woks and performance controls and tests, +briefings; or interviews, questionnaires, measurements), their principles (in particular the reliability, the sincerity and efficiency conditions) and the juridical workers guarantees and protections (principles of loyalty for the investigators or for assessment centers). For example, the legislation requires a direct and necessary link between the object of the investigation (information on demand) and work. . . And also a study of the confrontation between workers evaluation rights in the personnel rating protocols and the norms of the differential psychology or the principles of job evaluation (professional classifications) and for personnel provisional organizations and management. The applications and juridical interpretations of this law of rating methods and techniques specify the subordinates professional relations between employer and salaried workers. It helps to qualify a notion of +professionality; - a precision of personal figures of professional competences or oversights and faults - in the individual and collective in work on the whole conventions. It aids me regulation and prevents conflict of responsability (first part). But the legislation and its applications remain problematic in protecting workers rights and in realising the reliability of the assessment methods (technical deficiencies; competences subjective criteria. . . ). Also employers (in using assessment procedures as a legitimate act to justify management decisions and change overs of personnel directions powers) and workers have to develop strategies. This thesis tries to give solutions and propositions. . . (second part)
Bos, Vincent. "Construction sociale de la ressource et renégociation des régulations. Analyse du secteur minier péruvien, fin du XXe siècle - début du XXIe siècle." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCA113/document.
Full textAnalysis of the dynamics of the mining sector in Peru between the end of the twentieth century and the start of the twenty-first allows an understanding of economic globalisation as a resolutely spatial phenomenon in which territories and identities are reinvented around resources at once local and global. In this thesis, we show how the new rules of the game of mining and property, and environmental governance, illustrate the necessarily political construction of Peru’s territory and resources by the central State around a national project of market-oriented exploitation of mining deposits as a source of economic wealth. This reorganisation of the national productive structure by capital, often foreign, sheds light on the impact of economic actors on the future of the territories. An increase of the spatial imprint of the mining sector and the revenue it generates amounts to a territorial and economic transplant of mining exploitation on a national scale. This increase, however, is felt unequally in local territories. The multiplication of mining conflicts at the start of the twenty-first century recalls how natural resources and the regulations codifying the society-nature relationship are the often unstable result of power relations between actors of unequal weight and with potentially antagonistic goals. We analyze these conflicts questionning the role and place of local actors and territories in development policies, as a weapon of (re)negotiation of the rules of the game wielded by the « have nots ». Varying in intensity, negotiations can be considered micro when the stakes are relatively limited and the actors only hope to achieve a greater share of the wealth. By contrast, conflicts may constitute a weapon of mass negotiation when actors refuse the commodification of nature and attempt a profound transformation of the rules of the game, as is illustrated by the Conga mining conflict in Cajamarca
Bouazza, Assia. "Ressources humaines et compétences : des logiques d'adaptation des entreprises artisanales." Montpellier 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004MON10027.
Full textBoutillier, Annye. "Évaluation du processus de concertation de la gouvernance de l'eau au Québec : la participation des entreprises minières de la Côte-Nord." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/66832.
Full textQuebec’s Water Policy has almost 20 years. To plan an integrated water management, the Watershed Organizations need to implement consultation and cooperation between all water stakeholders. The consultation meeting is not an obligation for them, it is voluntary. They all have a different relation with the water resources. Depending of their role in their respective organization, they have various interests, which may influence their participation to the integrated water management planed by the Watershed Organizations with the Water Master Plan. This study focuses on the mining industry of the Côte-Nord region and its participation to the consultation. The private sector often has a significant influence in their host communities, so they can have great impacts on the population.The main goal of this research is to know how stakeholders perceive consultation meetings for the integrated water management by watershed, and what is the place of the mining industry’s participation. The hypothesis is that a voluntary consultation is hard to organize and that it is not in the mining industry’s interests to participate. Some interviews have been realized during summer and fall of 2019 to help answer these questions. This case study shows a summary portrait of Quebec’s water governance in a context of decentralization and allows a reflection on our natural resource management methods. The hypothesis is not well confirmed. There are effectively some difficulties to plan a voluntary consultation, however we cannot confirm it is not in the interest of the mining companies to be part of it.
Tadlaoui, Mohammed. "Système de recommandation de ressources pédagogiques fondé sur les liens sociaux : Formalisation et évaluation." Thesis, Lyon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSEI053/document.
Full textWith the increasing amount of educational content produced daily by users, it becomes very difficult for learners to find the resources that are best suited to their needs. Recommendation systems are used in educational platforms to solve the problem of information overload. They are designed to provide relevant resources to a learner using some information about users and resources. The present work fits in the context of recommender systems for educational resources, especially systems that use social information. We have defined an educational resource recommendation approach based on research findings in the area of recommender systems, social networks, and Technology-Enhanced Learning. We rely on social relations between learners to improve the accuracy of recommendations. Our proposal is based on formal models that calculate the similarity between users of a learning environment to generate three types of recommendation, namely the recommendation of 1) popular resources; 2) useful resources; and 3) resources recently consulted. We have developed a learning platform, called Icraa, which integrates our recommendation models. The Icraa platform is a social learning environment that allows learners to download, view and evaluate educational resources. In this thesis, we present the results of an experiment conducted for almost two years on a group of 372 learners of Icraa in a real educational context. The objective of this experiment is to measure the relevance, quality and usefulness of the recommended resources. This study allowed us to analyze the user’s feedback on the three types of recommendations. This analysis is based on the users’ traces which was saved with Icraa and on a questionnaire. We have also performed an offline analysis using a dataset to compare our approach with four base line algorithms
Diop, Mamadou. "Évaluation du niveau de contamination chimique et de la qualité des ressources vivantes aquatiques." Thesis, Littoral, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016DUNK0435/document.
Full textMuch appreciated by consumers for its nutritional qualities, seafood plays an important role in human diet. Consumer confidence in the quality of these foodstuffs is nevertheless affected by concerns about risks associated with exposure to chemical contaminants and the freshness of these products. If the first of these is the result of pollution resulting from increasing human activities along coastlines, the second is linked to the highly perishable nature of these products. An evaluation of the levels of chemical contaminants in seafood and of its freshness is therefore a necessity. It is within this context that the work presented in this thesis was carried out. Two principal objectives were targeted in the present study. The first objective of this work was to evaluate the spatial and seasonal variability of seafood contamination by elements (including metals) and organic pollutants (PAHs and PCBs) along the Senegalese coast. We studied 7 marine species representative of different trophic level (a green macro algae, a bivalve mollusc, a crustacean and 4 species of fish) sampling them along the coastline at 5 sites representing different human activity pressur. The result of this study showed that contamination levels varied with species, underlining the importance of a multi-species approach to study contamination in the marine environment. Variations between sites were also observed. Sites with the greatest human activity, such as Soumbédioune and Rufisque, were also those where the highest levels of contaminants in seafood were found. The levels of contamination measured along the Senegalese coast, of both elements and organic pollutants, were inferior or of the same order of magnitude as those reported from other West African sites or from other regions of the globe. The risks associated with eating theseseafood products were low, with contaminant levels generally below the admissible limits (EU) for human consumption. Only a few samples of certain species (mussels, sardines) exceeded these limits at Soumbédioune and Rufisque. The second objective of this study was to develop methods to evaluate the freshness of fish fillets, and to distinguish fresh fillets from previously frozen ones. The methods developed were based upon a measure of cellular permeability within the fish muscle tissue. The conservation of fish fillets ar 4°C results in increased permeability of cells over time, measurable by studying the liberation of intra-cytoplasmic enzymes or the increasing permeability of cells to fluorescent colouring agents. The measurements of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) is doubly interesting in this contex : on the one hand it enables a measure of cell lysis, and so the level of alteration of the fillets over time, to be established. It also, thanks to its sensitivity to freezing, to better distinguish fresh fillets from those that have been frozen then thawed
Camarena, Luhrs Tomás. "Les principales espèces de poissons pélagiques côtiers au Sénégal : biologie et évaluation des ressources." Brest, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986BRES2020.
Full textPodda, Abouna Mahamat. "La fiscalité minière au Québec. Analyse comparative des effets des régimes de redevances minières par la méthode du Modern Asset Pricing." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/5879.
Full textGauthier, Caroline. "Évaluation économique des ressources naturelles, le cas particulier de la biodiversité : application de la méthode contingente au site des forêts de la Garonne." Toulouse 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997TOU10073.
Full textThe aim of this dissertation is the valuation of the biodiversity preservation benefits. This valuation is recommended by the objectives of the Rio convention on biodiversity. The "good" to value is complex, non-familiar to the public and no valuation method from real markets is nowadays relevant. The main question is to know whether a valuation method from simulated markets, or contingent valuation method, permits a significant revelation of these benefits. Our research contains three parts. The first part (chapter 1) proposes a reflexion on the biodiversity concept. Diverse definitions of this concept are available. We compare these different definitions and the measures given by naturalists and economists to determine the elements in adequation with our final aim. The second part deals with the different valuation methods (chapter 2) and studies (chapter 3) of the biodiversity benefits. We recense and compare the valuation methods which the economists can use. The analysis of the different biodiversity valuation studies allows to show the exercise difficulties and to point out the problems to avoid in an empirical study. The third part is empirical. It describes the contingent valuation of a biodiversity preservation program of the Garonne river forests (chapters 4 and 5). The aim is to lead a study that takes into account every difficulty revealed in the first two parts. Such a procedure allows concluding on the current methods to significantly reveal biodiversity benefits. The results indicate that the annual average willingness to pay is 142. 76 francs per household we show that the conceptual problems of complexity and non-familiarity can be solved. But some methodological problems persist. We still have an importance bias. The presence of the importance bias means the non-revelation of the individual underlying preferences. The giving effect is also present. Therefore our willingness to pay result has to be carefully interpreted
Matuchet-Vincent, Sandrine. "A quoi sert l'évaluation 360 degrés ? : élaboration et accompagnement d'un tel outil chez Robert Bosch Electronique S.A.S." Rennes 2, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005REN20033.
Full textA production plant wanted to propose to manager a 360-degree feedback. The examination of the context and available tools within this company led us to make use of the literature suitable for sociometry, metaperception and multisource evaluation. This thesis aims at looking further into the validity and usefulness of the multisource ratings. We wonder if results from such ratings could hold a predictive capacity of the manager performance. This thesis proposes beyond a sharp methodological analysis of this tool. And more, the results show only a partial link between multisource rating and managerial performance. The main advantage of this tool is the optimization of the dynamic between team members and the manager thanks to information feedback
Carpin, Eric. "Une analyse du rôle du capital humain dans les modèles de croissance endogène." Antilles-Guyane, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998AGUY0029.
Full textThe omnipresence of the human capital is one of the main aspect of the +new endogenous growth theories;. But the way these models integer it rises some questions. In particular the way that endogenous innovation models consider it isn't satisfactory. The focus on the endogenous growth theories favor the resurgence of the old distribution questions. In particular, the link between the accumulation in human capital and the inequalities distribution, and the influence of the inequalities on the economic growth. The emphasis on the human capital led to bringing together the sociological and economic analysis. The allocation problems of human capital between the economic activities became indeed a source of interest for the profession since the last years. So, this new literature enlarge the frontiers of the endogenous growth models. Our theoritical approach of the role of human capital in growth theories emphasize this aspect. We have also an empirical contribution. We asses the participation of the human capital to the economic growth and the effect of the human capital dispersion on its global accumulation
Gallo, Massimo. "Gestion du trafic et des ressources dans les réseaux centrés sur le contenu : design et évaluation." Phd thesis, Télécom ParisTech, 2012. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-01002134.
Full textDavy, Thierry. "La place des outils en économie de l'environnement au sein d'un établissement public en charge de la décision dans le domaine de l'eau." Toulouse 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998TOU10071.
Full textEnvironment economics is a new science : the first significant research works were published during the second part of the 20 st century. In france, the actual start of this aspect of economic analysis coincide with the amoco cadiz disaster (at the beginning of the 70's). Economic tools were then used to account ex-post for the damages of a dramatic oil slick. From this period. Environment economics has worked out of the realms of public decision. This work is composed of two parts. The first one gives a synthetic approach of the economic literature on non-marketable goods valuation : different value of goods, incidental valuation, transport costs, etc. The second part shows, by several studies, a synthesis of economic analysis at the agence de l'eau loire-bretagne. . These studies have helped decision makers for the mid-term planning of water policy for an area of 31 regional subdivisions of the loire and bretagne basins. It was meant to motivate the public decision in environmental matters by economic analysis, even if the final decision takes into account other technical, social or political variables
Kardache, Ramdane. "Ressources en eau des karsts du Sud-Est algérien." Montpellier 2, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988MON20173.
Full textPerbost, Marc. "Analyse de testabilité et ressources JTAG : problèmes d'initialisation, de contrôlabilité et d'observabilité dans les composés électroniques logiques MCM et cartes." Montpellier 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997MON20157.
Full textArcimoles, Charles-Henri d'. "Diagnostic financier externe et gestion des ressources humaines : nécessité et pertinence du bilan social." Paris 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA010009.
Full textThis research has a double purpose: the first part is a theoretical work which first establishes the necessity of having reliable social data to aprreciate the risk-return equilibrium of the firm. The complexity of an outside analysis of social data is also developped. This complexity is partly caused by the imperfection of models which try to articulate human resources management and the performance of the firm. These models are presented and also the results of numerous empirical work devoted to this topic. The second part is an empirical work which tests the usefulness of the french social report from a financial analysis point of view. Social and financial panel data are used for this research in order to identify immediate and lagged associations during the 1982-1989 period. Within the strict limits of the used sample, this research states that the french social report brings investors interesting information that they should use for the necessary control of the human resources management
Dachary-Bernard, Jeanne. "Approche multi-attributs pour une évaluation économique du paysage." Bordeaux 4, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004BOR40028.
Full textLaurans, Martial. "Ressources et exploitations " démersales " en Afrique de l'ouest : évaluation des stocks, dynamique des populations et approche écosystémique." Rennes, Agrocampus Ouest, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005NSARH057.
Full textFevre-Gautier, Anne-Lise. "Analyser la durabilité du développement de valorisations non alimentaires d'agro-ressources." Phd thesis, Université de Technologie de Troyes, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00453261.
Full textFèvre-Gautier, Anne-Lise. "Analyser la durabilité du développement de valorisations non alimentaires d'agro-ressources." Troyes, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009TROY0002.
Full textThis thesis is about our analysis of the activities of the French competitiveness cluster "Industrie et Agro-Ressources" (IAR) with regard to the different stakes of sustainable development. Established in 2005 in the Picardie and Champagne-Ardenne regions, this cluster supports innovative valorisation projects of agricultural resources by industry. Our approach is based on an analysis of the challenges that sustainable development aims to solve, with a particular focus on the case of the agriculture and agro-industries. We also use ideas and concepts from several types of sustainability analysis methodologies, including the construction and use of sustainable development indicators. This work resulted in the development of IDDAgro, a decision support system dedicated to the evaluation of the sustainability of projects supported by the IAR cluster. One backbone of this set of sustainable development indicators is the assessment of the potential impacts of agro-industrial projects life cycels. Our approach was validated by applying the IDDAgro tool to real life projects. Limited access to information necessary for sustainability assessments was the main obstacle in this research. It prevented the planned application of our approach to study the ethanol production of one of the IAR cluster's partners, for which a literature study had been carried out. All these results finally enabled us to develop and present concrete suggestions to the IAR cluster. They aim at improving the integration of sustainable development stakes in its activities
Gilliard, Hervé. "La gestion de la qualité des hydrosystèmes : la concertation décentralisée." Limoges, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001LIMO0482.
Full textAhmed, Assowe Houssein. "Construction et évaluation pour la TA d'un corpus journalistique bilingue : application au français-somali." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019GREAM019/document.
Full textAs part of ongoing work to computerize a large number of "poorly endowed" languages, especially those in the French-speaking world, we have created a French-Somali machine translation system dedicated to a journalistic sub-language, allowing to obtain quality translations from a bilingual body built by post-editing of GoogleTranslate results for the Somali and non-French speaking populations of the Horn of Africa. For this, we have created the very first quality French-Somali parallel corpus, comprising to date 98,912 words (about 400 standard pages) and 10,669 segments. The latter is an aligned corpus of very good quality, because we built in by post-editions editing pre-translations of produced by GT, which uses with a combination of the its French-English and English-Somali MT language pairs. It That corpus was also evaluated by 9 bilingual annotators who gave assigned a quality note score to each segment of the corpus and corrected our post-editing. From Using this growing body corpus as training corpusof work, we have built several successive versions of a MosesLIG-fr-so fragmented statistical Phrase-Based Automatic Machine Translation System (PBMT), which has proven to be better than GoogleTranslate on this language pair and this sub-language, in terms BLEU and of post-editing time. We also did used OpenNMT to build a first French-Somali neural automatic translationMT system and experiment it.in order to improve the results of TA without leading to prohibitive calculation times, both during training and during decoding.On the other hand, we have set up an iMAG (multilingual interactive access gateway) that allows non-French-speaking Somali surfers on the continent to access the online edition of the newspaper "La Nation de Djibouti" in Somali. The segments (sentences or titles), pre- automatically translated automatically by our any available fr-so MT system, can be post-edited and rated (out on a 1 to of 20scale) by the readers themselves, so as to improve the system by incremental learning, in the same way as the has been done before for the French-Chinese PBMT system. (PBMT) created by [Wang, 2015]
El, Samad Mahmoud. "Découverte et monitoring de ressources pour le traitement de requêtes dans une grille de données." Toulouse 3, 2009. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/661/.
Full textThe distributed data management in grid systems raises new problems and presents real challenges: resource discovery, resource allocation, replication, monitoring services for query optimization. . . Etc. Grid systems differ mainly from parallel and distributed systems by the two characteristics: the large scale and the system instability (i. E. The dynamicity of nodes). In this thesis, we are interested in the resource discovery phase for an efficient query evaluation in data grid environments. First, we present a state of the art on the main research works of resource discovery by focusing on the important criteria (e. G. Scaling, reliable discovery, maintenance cost) for data source discovery which is specific to data grid environments. In this perspective, we propose a new method of data source discovery based on Distributed Hash Tables (DHT) allowing a permanent access -in the presence of the dynamicity of nodes- from any node of a Virtual Organization VOlocal towards all other VOi (i [different from]local) in the system with a minimum maintenance cost between the DHT. After the resource discovery phase, it is very important to monitor the current state of resources especially that these last ones are shared on very large scale environments. The resource monitoring can be made during the initial allocation or the execution phase, in order to take decisions on the choice of the execution node of a join (or of a part of a join) for example. In this context, we propose a method considering the variation of host and network parameter values, at runtime, in the calculation of the response time of a relational operation. The proposed method integrates monitoring information into an execution model based on mobile agents developed in the Pyramid team. Finally, we validate our proposals by a performance evaluation
Brou, Ettien. "Gouvernance des ressources naturelles : contribution méthodologique d'une démarche multicritère à composante délibérative : application au projet de définition du plan de gestion des marais côtiers Tanoé Ehy." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014VERS019S.
Full textRural communauties, entrepreneurs, Technical departments, ecologist movements etc. , how to find an agreement when it’s necessary to develop a policy guiding the management of natural resources in sustainable context? This question presupposes the implementation of methods, techniques and tools which should help to structure relationship between the different actors and their respective complex value systems. The INTEGRAALTM approach of multi-criteria and deliberative assessment includes a set of tools for a comprehensive, functional and interactive analysis. It should help to structure and analyze stakeholders' preferences in participatory decision-making process. Throughout present thesis, we analyze its contributions for managing common pool resources in rural territories. An application is dedicated to the problem of collective choice in Tanoé-Ehy’s coastal swamps management project (Côte d’Ivoire)
Banyongen, Élie S. "Économie politique de la coopération entre l’Afrique et la Chine - Analyse institutionnelle de la stratégie des acteurs : les cas du Sénégal et du Gabon." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/23351.
Full textMerai, Nathalie. "Fusion entreprise publique française-entreprise internationale : une approche ethnographique des transformations de la gestion des Ressources Humaines (2008-2012)." Paris, EHESS, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014EHES0091.
Full textThe thesis is a monograph of the integration process following the merger between a private company and a public company. It builds on an ethnographic approach, complemented by a literature review related to internal and external business environment, as well as a participant observation conducted in the HR department of a multinational industrial group's branch over a three-year period (late 2009-2012). The thesis studies the transformations and evaluations of the HR function. It seeks to understand how it faces the organizational dissonance and confusion and how HR professionals manage to keep their role. The survey highlights the transformation process. It shows that it is multiple and unachieved four years after the merger. It follows several contingent, structural, institutional, managerial influences: Europeanization and implementation of an Anglo-Saxon model of human resources management within French subsidiaries, privatization, and many changes of all kinds, economic and financial crises. Measuring devices are varied and unstable, highlighting what counts at any given time. These factors explain much of the confusion felt by HR professionals. Using four theoretical models from the neo-institutional theory and economic sociology, the thesis makes some assumptions about mechanisms implemented by HR professionals to deal with this confusion, to organize and be effective. These mechanisms, such as coordination, individual relations and cooperation, hierarchical power and control involved at several levels in the post-integration period
Rulleau, Bénédicte. "Services récréatifs en milieu naturel littoral et évaluation économique multi-attributs de la demande." Bordeaux 4, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008BOR40036.
Full textRecreational services provided by the natural environment are hightly heterogenous and most of them are non market. For management and policy making purpose however, it is useful to fully appreciate preferences for forests attributes and give a monetary value for outdoor recreation. This study aims at contributing to the debate on the economic value of outdoor recreation demand in multidimensional contexts. It exemines the contributions of multi-attribute methods that come from Lancaster's characteristicss approach. More precisely, we focus on the Multiple Programmes Contingent Valuation Method (MPCVM) and on Choise Experiments (CE). These relatively new approaches aim at differentiating recreaction by relevant attributes in order to examine the consequences of multidimensional changes in their provision and to identify visitor's trade'offs between attributes. We propose here an application to Stated-owned coastal sites in the Gironde area (Southwest France), where three adjoining wilderness areas (the ocean, the sand and the forest) form one sole site. A survey was conducted in summer 2006 on tourists and main and secondary residents. The MPCVM studies any "substitution effect" the may be between the programmes (recreational quality of natural areas). It also allows for the calculation of visitors' Willingness-To-Pay. The CE is applied to forest recreation. It identifies the relative influence of an attribute on visit choice. Finally, these methods raise several questions about the formulation of individual choices and about the inclusion of these choices in the valuation process
Durand, Stéphanie. "Éléments théoriques et empiriques sur la valeur d'existence : application à trois espèces menaçées régionales." Bordeaux 4, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004BOR40011.
Full textDejoux, Cécile. "La gestion des compétences individuelles et organisationnelles : approches GRH et stratégiques multi-sectorielles." Nice, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997NICE0050.
Full textThe goal of this research consists in assessing the existence and nature of the links between individual and organisational competencies. The literature shows the emerging conditions and the characteristics of the concept of individual competencies management in human resources management and the concept of organisational competencies in relation to "the resource-based view theory". A choice of variables related to the uses of competencies management and a body of hypotheses are given. The empirical part confronts the question of research with business practices. It is based on a quantitative analysis, supplemented by a qualitative analysis. The statistical study clarifies the relation between individual and organisational levels of competence. This also gives rise to the development of a classification of the organisations engaged in the process of competency management. The qualitative study, elaborated through a content analysis, specifies the classifications discovered and allows us to propose an experimental model "the competency pyramid", which encompasses this concept in its entirety. The principal results suggest that the extent to which organisational competencies is used is even higher when individual competencies are taken into consideration in an annual evaluation which is a criterion of salary. Furthermore, it seems that the extent to which organisational competencies are employed depends on the number of years that individual competencies management have been practised
Morlane-Hondère, François. "Une approche linguistique de l'évaluation des ressources extraites par analyse distributionnelle automatique." Phd thesis, Université Toulouse le Mirail - Toulouse II, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00937926.
Full textDaly, Rahma. "Quatre essais en microéconométrie de la décision." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLE022/document.
Full textThis thesis sheds light on the nature of the interactions between employers and employees within the company, it analyses the decisions of each agent and highlights the role of human resources. It tackles different issues related to the working environment in the firm. It consists of four essays on applied microeconometric. The first chapter investigates the dynamics of the help exchange between employees, particularly the informal help network, which is the unanticipated part of help by the firm. It analyses its determinants and effects on the wages and the productive effort of employees. The results show that providing help increases the level of effort, and receiving it has a positive impact on wages. This highlights the role of reciprocity in the exchange of informal help and suggests the existence of free-riding behaviours. The second chapter focuses on the evaluation of psychosocial risks among employees, and the impact of performance appraisal interviews on them. It aims at clearing up the ambiguous effects of performance appraisal on psychosocial risks. The results show that the level of psychosocial risk decreases when employees undertake performance appraisal interview. This effect is observed on particular dimensions of psychosocial risks, namely social relations, ethics and economic security. Moreover, this result is confirmed when taking into account the point of view of the firm. Chapter Three addresses the issue of financial participation and seeks to determine the role of workers' risk aversion on their decision to engage in a financial participation plan, such as profit sharing or employee stock ownership plan, since profit sharing involves a certain risk for employees. We find that the first factor that intervenes in the decision to subscribe to financial participation plan is the household wealth. Indeed, we find that beyond a certain threshold of wealth, workers' risk aversion does not interfere in the decision to accept financial participation. For individuals whose wealth is at an intermediate level, the attitude towards risk play a role in the decision to accept or not a financial participation plan. The more risk-averse an individual is, the less likely he is to accept financial participation. This would be beneficial to the firm that would hire the least risk averse individuals.Finally, chapter Four considers human resources management practices as a whole and tries to answer the question of whether human resource management practices are driving workers away from unionism. The results show that human resources management practices are not directly involved in the abandonment of unions by employees, but rather the opposite phenomenon is observed. Employees who benefit from some of these practices tend to be more involved with a trade union
Yao, Kouadio Assemien François. "Développement d'une méthodologie pour une meilleure évaluation des impacts environnementaux de l'industrie extractive." Thesis, Montpellier, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018MONTG001/document.
Full textAn increasing demand of mineral resources is associated with modern society development. In parallel, mining projects face strong oppositions both from public and from environment protection agencies, due to the potential impacts associated with ore extraction. In order to conciliate the needs of producing raw materials and of taking into account the preservation of the quality of the environment, it is necessary to assess the environmental impact previous to the start of the mining activities. The Environmental Impact Assessment procedure helps to identify and evaluate the environmental impacts of a project. Although Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) procedure is mandatory, the regulations do not impose any impact assessment method. Thus, EIA practitioners are free to use the method that suits them and their own expertise to estimate the environmental impacts of a project. The main purpose of this work is to propose a method to more effectively evaluate the environmental impacts of the mining industry. To achieve this, two approaches have been explored: the Mining Environmental Impact Assessment Methodology (MEIAM) developed in this thesis and the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), which is a standardized methodology. MEIAM is based on the risk analysis approach and makes it possible to evaluate the impacts taking into account the climatic and geological conditions and the initial state of the zone. LCA is a standardized technique that assesses the impacts produced on the site and those generated off-site but whose generating activities are related to the system studied. These methods were implemented on a gold mine in Côte d’Ivoire.MEIAM, taking into account the particular characteristics of the study area, showed high impact results for both surface water and groundwater pollution, mainly at the operation and post-closure stages. This study has also shown that pollution sources with high level impacts include tailings, soils previously contaminated by dust fallout and mining works. Regarding the LCA, which is in essence an overall method, it has made it possible to highlight quite significant off-site impacts. For on-site effects, the study showed that the impacts on human health are mainly due to metal emissions from operation activities (ore processing and tailings management as well as blasting). Finally, our work showed that all the impacts were better taken into account by a combination of MEIAM and LCA in the EIA procedures
Ghulami, Masoud. "Évaluation des impacts du changement climatique sur la ressource en eau et l'agriculture dans le bassin à faibles données disponibles, Kaboul, Afghanistan." Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AZUR4135/document.
Full textAfghanistan is a semi-arid and mountainous country which faced three decades of conflict. It is one of the most vulnerable countries in the world to climate change as it has very limited capacity to address the impacts of climate change. It has been also considered as a data-scarce region both temporally and spatially with limited capability to measure hydro-meteorological parameters with in situ gauges. The current study focuses on Kabul basin which lies in the northeast quarter of Afghanistan. It accounts for thirty-five percent of the population’s water supply, and has the fastest population growth rate in the country. The main objective of this study is to understand the impacts of climate change on water resources and agriculture. To understand the impact on water resource, first of all, the performance evaluation of global datasets/remote sensed products is investigated in order to generate precipitation and temperature datasets for baseline period of climate change studies and developing hydrological model. Then a hydrological model is selected to understand hydrologic response of the Kabul basin and future projections of water availability using future climate projections. To understand the impact on agriculture, a study on farmers’ perception about climate change and its impacts on their agriculture is undertaken. Secondly, a crop model is used to evaluate the impacts of climate change on wheat yield
Freville, Vianney. "Caractérisation et évaluation des performances de nouveaux solvants synthétisés à partir d'agroressources." Compiègne, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011COMP1964.
Full textSolvents are essential products in many fields of applications. However, their use is now prohibited because they mostly derive from petroleum and they are toxic to health and the environment. Therefore, currently, eco-responsible technologies are developed to replace these compounds. Among these alternatives, agrosolvents represent one of the most important ways to substitute petrochemical solvents. They are produced by at least one part of renewable raw materials and they are eco-friendly (non-VOC, biodegradable, non-toxic and non eco-toxic). In this context, this thesis is part of the AGROSOLVANT project, supported by the Region Picardie and the Region Champagne-Ardenne and accredited by the world-scale competitive cluster Industries and Agro-Resssources (IAR). The objective of the project is to substitute solvents derived from petroleum by new green solvents derived from renewable resources, in order to use them in two different applications: degreasing and agrochemical formulations. This work is dealing with the evaluation of properties and performances of agrosolvents synthesized from agricultural products which allow the valorization of biofuels co-products (glycerol, amyl alcohols) and the fermentative succinic acid production. The study is structured around a substitution process in order to examine the physico-chemical properties, the solvent power and the application performances of the molecules. At each step, a comparison is made with petrochemical solvents. In the context of substitution, the last part concerns agrosurfactant aqueous solutions and focuses on the physico-chemical mechanisms involved in aqueous degreasing processes
Ancelin, Annick. "La perception des critères d'évaluation de la performance : l'importance de la relation au travail et des performances perçues." Paris 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA010016.
Full textFort, Karën. "Les ressources annotées, un enjeu pour l’analyse de contenu : vers une méthodologie de l’annotation manuelle de corpus." Paris 13, 2012. http://scbd-sto.univ-paris13.fr/intranet/edgalilee_th_2012_fort.pdf.
Full textManual corpus annotation has become a key issue for Natural Langage Processing (NLP), as manually annotated corpora are used both to create and to evaluate NLP tools. However, the process of manual annotation remains underdescribed and the tools used to support it are often misused. This situation prevents the campaign manager from evaluating and guarantying the quality of the annotation. We propose in this work a unified vision of manual corpus annotation for NLP. It results from our experience of annotation campaigns, either as a manager or as a participant, as well as from collaborations with other researchers. We first propose a global methodology for managing manual corpus annotation campaigns, that relies on two pillars: an organization for annotation campaigns that puts evaluation at the heart of the process and an innovative grid for the analysis of the complexity dimensions of an annotation campaign. A second part of our work concerns the tools of the campaign manager. We evaluated the precise influence of automatic pre-annotation on the quality and speed of the correction by humans, through a series of experiments on part-of-speech tagging for English. Furthermore, we propose practical solutions for the evaluation of manual annotations, that proche che vide the campaign manager with the means to select the most appropriate measures. Finally, we brought to light the processes and tools involved in an annotation campaign and we instantiated the methodology that we described
Fort, Karën. "Les ressources annotées, un enjeu pour l'analyse de contenu : vers une méthodologie de l'annotation manuelle de corpus." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Nord - Paris XIII, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00797760.
Full textBettayeb, Belgacem. "Conception et évaluation des plans de surveillance basés sur le risque. Limitation des incertitudes qualité avec des ressources limitées de maîtrise." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00859830.
Full textSarr, Cheikh. "De l'apport d'une évaluation précise des ressources pour la Qualité de Service des réseaux ad hoc basés sur IEEE 802. 11." Lyon, INSA, 2007. http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/2007ISAL0046/these.pdf.
Full textMobile Ad hoc Network (MANET) is an autonomous system of mobile nodes connected by wireless links. They require no fixed infrastructure such as base station to operate; therefore, it is an attractive networking option for connecting mobile devices quickly and spontaneously. The nodes themselves address topology changes due to the mobility, the arrival or the departure of nodes. Today, several applications general multimedia data or rely on the proper transmission of sensitive control traffic. These applications may benefit from a quality of service (QoS) support. Therefore, this field has been extensive/y studied and more and more QoS solutions are proposed for ad hoc networks. During my thesis, I focus on one of the fundamental resources, the bandwidth. Estimating the remaining bandwidth at a given time an in a given part of the network is tricky, as the medium is shared between close nodes in a wireless network. This implies that computation of the available bandwidth between two neighbor nodes requires identification of all the emitter's potential contenders and of all the receiver's potential jammers. I propose therefore a new technique to estimate residual bandwidth in ad hoc networks which present good performances. From this estimation, i have also developed a management scheme for QoS and Best Effort flows in order to increase the acceptance rate of QoS flows. Finally, we also compute an evaluation of end-to-end delay in these ad hoc networks
Louis, François. "L'Education nationale, le contrôle de gestion et la gestion des ressources humaines." Dijon, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999DIJOE018.
Full textAubé, Philippe. "Actualisation du profil de compétences des cadres au collégial au Québec : le cas des directeurs des ressources humaines." Thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/24652/24652.pdf.
Full textBrilman, Matthieu. "Evaluation de performances d'une classe de systèmes de ressources partagées." Grenoble 1, 1996. https://theses.hal.science/tel-00004981.
Full textChessel, Anatole. "Vision par ordinateur et otolithe : de la perception visuelle à une représentation des connaissances." Rennes 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007REN1S184.
Full textThis work studies the application of computer vision methods to the analysis of fish otoliths. Fish otoliths are small calcerous concretions set in fishes inner ears of much interest in biology and ecology. From both biological and perceptual analysis, two informations from otoliths sections images are characterised as being useful and important in the analysis and use of otolith: the global geometrical evolution of the outline, and the growth rings, corresponding to ridges and valley of the image. An algorithm based on an a contrario detection is proposed to iteratively compute both of those informations. An orientation field of the tangent to the locally relevant structures is estimated in this algorithm using orientation interpolation techniques. Biological aims include a better understanding of otolith formation and automating tedious tasks such as fish age estimation, of key importance in fish stock management
Kanyinda, Kasanda Alois. "La gestion de risque de l'eau : application de la théorie des options réelles à l'industrie de l' eau." Paris 9, 2004. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2004PA090060.
Full textIn this thesis, we analyse the problem of water shortage which concerns many countries in the world. This problem has many dimensions: social, economic and political in particular. In this work, we are interested by the economic dimension. Our objective is to give some solutions to this problem with the framework of real options. The methodology proposed in this thesis takes into count the implicit flexibility of investment projects. Multiple evaluating methods of modern finance are used to determine the exact price of real options related to water shortage problems. The Black & Scholes model and its extensions are used (Exchange option, American option, etc. ), in the special case of the option of importing water. The comparison of all result helps to give some conclusions about which technique must be used
Hindy, Rana. "Genre, offre de travail et évaluation des politiques publiques : évidences à partir des données égyptiennes." Paris 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA010038.
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