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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Evangelical lutheran church – Namibia'

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Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 7 February 2022

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1

Nairenge, Gottlieb. "Being God's stewards in Namibia the unique challenge to contextualize stewardship education in the Evangelical Lutheran Church in Namibia (ELCIN) /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1994. http://www.tren.com.

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2

Hashikutuva, Adolf H. "An introduction to an adequate understanding of Christian stewardship in the Evangelical Lutheran Church in Namibia." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1990. http://www.tren.com.

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3

Niitenge, Gideon. "The Evangelical Lutheran Church in Namibia (ELCIN) and poverty, with specific reference to semi-urban communities in Northern Namibia : a practical theological evaluation." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/79968.

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Thesis (PhD)--Stellenbosch University, 2013.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This study is an evaluative study of the Evangelical Lutheran Church in Namibia (ELCIN). It is presupposed in this study that, although the ELCIN, since it became autonomous in 1954, has a long history of doing mission and diaconal work according to her Constitution, it has been recorded that, the Church is more and more lacking in the capacity to meet the challenges and needs of the Namibian post-independent society and subsequently cannot effect social transformation, yet it undoubtedly has the potential. This study focuses on the communities of the Ondangwa and Oshakati informal Settlements situated in the Oshana Region of northern Namibia, in the former homeland of “Owamboland.” The study is an overview of the Evangelical Lutheran Church in Namibia (ELCIN) with regard to her public witness before Namibia’s independence that is during 1971 to 1989 and seeks a better understanding of her functionality fundamental to the Missio Dei. Throughout its history, the Church has been called to have a deep concern for the poor and oppressed. The post-Namibian socio-economic problems present a huge challenge to the church, thus raising questions such as: How well has the Church been responding to the challenges of our times? How helpful has it been to those who turn to it to seek social justice? How helpful has it been to those who seek economic and political justice? How helpful has it been to those seeking gender equality and to the marginalised? How helpful has it been to those infected, affected and afflicted by HIV/AIDS? In short, how helpful and relevant is the Church in addressing persons, laws, structures and institutions that degrade and oppress God’s people? These questions arise from concern regarding the emerging culture of corruption and crimes in the nation as well as questions concerning the prophetic task of the Church regarding socio-political and economic issues. It is argued in this study that the socio-economic challenges faced by the informal settlement inhabitants pose a challenge to the Church regarding poverty. A holistic approach to Church‘s mission in context should embrace radical discipleship, coupled with socio-political and economic involvement, integrating both economic, social, ecological, and spiritual change, and leading to healing and transformation. This means that the mission of God is as comprehensive, broad and deep as the needs and exigencies of human existence that is why spiritual and physical ministry cannot be done separately. A holistic mission approach will enable the Christian faith to penetrate and have its roots deep in the Namibian soil. The most adequate formulation subsumes the total mission of the church under the biblical concept of marturea (witnessing), kerugma (proclamation), koinonia (fellowship) didache (teaching) and diakonia (service). The context should indicate where the emphasis ought to be, and the circumstances dictate the way in which this witness has to be communicated. It is of cardinal (paramount) importance for the Church to continuously minister to the marginalised because of its concern and divine calling to the Missio Dei. The empowerment of people in development at the grassroots level is crucial to overcoming oppression and exploitation. The Church, particularly the Evangelical Lutheran in Church in Namibia (ELCIN), has a responsibility to foster and encourage self-reliance in order that, people can exercise their rights to determine their own future, rights which include sovereignty over natural resources, land, production and distribution. It is argued in this study, based on an analysis of the Church as a Community called by God that the essence of community development and the people-centred participatory development process, is that the Church as a Community-based organization is essentially best served in effecting social change by orientating itself according to the people-centred participatory development approach. The conclusion is drawn, among the key challenges identified, that there is a need for the church to evidence holistic theology and sustainable action with regard to social responsibility. Action remains, for the most part, in a dominant charity mode. Partnership, in its various forms, is identified as necessary and as the more sustainable strategy in a context of inequality. Recommendations for action are proposed at the end of this study in order to guide the ELCIN in areas such as Ondangwa and Oshakati, to become a meaningful role player in these communities.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie studie is ‘n evaluerende studie van die Evangeliese Lutherse Kerk in Namibie (ELKIN). Daar word in hierdie studie veronderstel dat, hoewel die ELKIN, sedet dit in 1954 outonoom het, ‘n lang geskiedenis het van missie en diakonale wek volgens haar Grondwet, dit aangeteken is dat die Kerk is meer en meer aan die kapasiteit ontbreek om te voldoen aan die uitdagings en die behoeftes van die Namibiese post-onafhanklike samelewing en daarom geen invloed op sosiale transformasie het nie, maar ongetwyfeld die potensiaal daartoe het. In hierdie studie word gefokus op die gemeenskappe van Ondangwa en Oshakati se informele nedersettings gelee in die Oshana-streek noorde van Namibie, in die voormalige tuisland van “Owamboland.” Die doel is om ‘n oorsig van die Evangeliese Lutherse Kerk in Namibie (ELKIN) met betrekking tot haar openbare getuienis voor Namibie se onafhanklikwording in die tydperk 1971 tot 1989, te gee en om ‘n beter begrip van haar funksies onderliggend aan die Missio Dei te bewerstelling. Dwarsdeur die geskiedenis, is die kerk geroep is om ‘n diepe besorgheid vir die armes en onderdruktes te he. Die post-Namibiese sosioekonomiese problem bied ‘n groot uitdaging aan die kerk, dus die vehoging in die aantaal vrae soos: Hoe goed het die Kerk ge reageer op die uitdagings van ons tyd? Hoe dra die Kerk tot die soeke na sosiale geregtigheid? Hoe nuttig is dit aan diegene wat die ekonomiese en politieke geregtigheid soek? Hoe dra die Kerk by tot die soeke na geslagsgelykheid en hulp aan diegene wat gemarginaliseer word? Watter hulp bied bied die Kerk aan diegene wat met MIV/vigs besmet is of wat daardeur geraak en verdruk word? In kort, hoe nuttig en relevant is die kerk in die aanspreek van persone, wette, structure en instellings wat God se volk verneder en verdruk? Hierdie vrae ontstaan as gevolg van die kommer wat ontstaan weens die opkomende kultuur van korrupsie en misdaad in die land sowel as vrae oor die profetiese taak van die Kerk ten opsigte van sosio-politieke en ekonomiese kwessies. Daar word aangevoer word in hierdie studied at die sosio-ekonomiese van die inwoners van die informele nedersetting ‘n uitdaging aan die kerk ten opsigte van armoede. ‘n holistiese benadering tot die Kerk se sending in die konteks moet omhels radikale dissipelskap, tesame met ‘n sosio-politieke en ekonomiese betrokkenheid, die integrasie van beide die ekonomiese, sosiale, ekologiese, en geestelike verandering behels. Dit lei tot genesing en transformasie. Dit beteken dat die missie van God net so omvattende, breed en diep is soos die behoeftes en vereistes van die menslike bestaan, dit is waarom die geestelike en die fisiese ministerie kan nie apart gedoen kan word nie. ‘n holistiese missie benadering sal die Christelike geloof in staat stel om deur te dring en het sy wortels diep in die Namibiese grond. Die mees geskikte formulering behels die totale missie van die kerk onder die Bybelse konsep van marturea (getuie), kerugma (verkondiging), koinonia (gemeenskap) en diakonia (diens). Die konteks behoort te le en die omstandighede dikteer die manier waarop hierdie getuienis gekomminikeer word. Dit is van kardinale belang vir die Kerk om voortdurend die Word aan hierdie mense te bring, en om hul te versorg, in hehoorsaamhed aan die goddelike roeping tot die Missio Dei. Die bemagtiging van mense en hul ontwikkeling op voetsoolvlak is noodsaaklik vir die voorkoming van onderdrukking en uitbuiting. Die kerk, veral die Evangeliese Lutherse Kerk in Namibie (ELKIN), het ‘n verantwoordelikheid om selfstangigeheid te be vorder en aan te moedig, sodat mense hul regte, hul eie toekoms, soewereiniteit oor natuurlike hulpbronne, die land, produksie en verspreiding kan bepaal en uitoefen. Daar word aangevoer in hierdie studie, wat gebaseer is op ‘n analise van die Kerk as ‘n Gemeenskap wat deur God geroep is, dat die essensie van ontwikkeling van die gemeenskap en die mens-gesentreerde deelnemende ontwikkeling proses, is dat die Kerk as ‘n gemeenskaps-baseerde organisasie in wese die beste gedien word in die bewerkstelliging van sosiale verandering, deur om te orienteer in die rigting van mens-gesentreerde deelnemende ontwikkeling. Nadat sleutel uitdagings uitgeken word, word die studie afgesluit deurdat daar tot die slotsam gekom word dat daar getuiens gelewer moet word holistiese teologie en volhoubare aksie met betrekking tot sosiale verantwoordelikheid. Aksie sal nog steeds hoofsaaklik liefdadig van aard wees maar daar word vasgestel dat Vennootskappe, in die konteks van ongelykheid, die mees volhoudbare strategie blyk te wees. Aanbevelings vir aksie word aan die einde van hierdie studie gedoen om die ELKIN te lei in gebiede soos Ondangwa and Oshakati, ‘n betekenis volle rol speel.

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4

Jura, Guido. "Deutsche Spuren in der Kirchen- und Gesellschaftsgeschichte Namibias eine Analyse unter besonderer Berücksichtigung des Emanzipationsprozesses einer ehemals kolonialen Missionskirche zu einer eigenständigen Partnerkirche im heutigen Namibia sowie der Interessenwahrnehmung der deutschsprachigen Minderheit innerhalb einer eigenen lutherischen Kirchengemeinschaft /." [S.l. : s.n.], 2002. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=972461426.

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5

Nangula, Eino M. "The role of the Evangelical Lutheran Church in Namibia (ELCIN) as a pioneer of social development through education in Ovamboland (1870-1970) : a church historical study." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/85747.

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Thesis (MTh)--Stellenbosch University, 2013.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This study is a historical investigation of the role of the Evangelical Lutheran Church in Namibia (ELCIN) regarding social development with special attention to education as an agency of social change. ELCIN is the largest Lutheran church in Namibia, which was born out of the Finnish missionary activities after their arrival in the former Ovamboland in 1870. The Finnish missionaries became the first missionaries to do mission work in Ovamboland. This qualifies them to be regarded as pioneers of social development and of the transformation of society through education among the Ovambo people. ELCIN’s humble beginnings started as a mission field and developed into mission congregations; thereafter as a mission church and finally as independent church in 1954. The study shows that since its inception ELCIN has been committed to serve her members holistically (spiritually and socially). The focus of this study is to contribute to the understanding of the role ELCIN played to bring about development through education. The study therefore attempts to answer questions regarding the role the Finnish missionaries played in education and should be understood within the broader context of the history of ELCIN, for example, what arrangements were made and what developments took place during the indigenization process. Further, the study points out the educational challenges ELCIN encountered during the time of social development through education. In answering these questions, the study demonstrates how ELCIN played a decisive role in social development in Ovamboland, especially by way of education and training. The study refers to both informal (Christian) and formal (general or inclusive secular) education and the role each of these forms of education played in social change. The study also reflects on the engagement between ELCIN and the context resulting from the South African mandate in Namibia (then South West Africa). Finally, it is recommended that, in light of the positive contribution made by ELCIN to the social development of its members and communities by way of education in the past, it should continue this role in an independent Namibia. This could be done by way of intensifying Christian education among its members in order to educate and inspire people to remain faithful to their Christian values. In this way, ELCIN will continue to play a meaningful role in the life of communities and their members.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie navorsingstudie is ‘n historiese ondersoek na die rol van die Evangelical Lutheran Church in Namibia (ELCIN) ten opsigte van sosiale ontwikkeling met spesiale verwysing na opvoeding as ‘n agent vir sosiale verandering. ELCIN is een van die grootste Lutherse kerke in Namibië, wat ontstaan het uit die aktiwiteite van die Finse sendelinge na hulle aankoms in die eertydse Ovamboland in 1870. Die Finse sendelinge was die eerste sendelinge wat sendingwerk in Ovamboland onderneem het. As gevolg hiervan word hulle beskou as pioniers van sosiale ontwikkeling en transformasie in die gemeenskap deur die opvoeding van die mense van Ovamboland. ELCIN het sy nederige ontstaan gehad as ‘n sendingveld en het ontwikkel tot sendinggemeentes; daarna tot ‘n sendingkerk en uiteindelik in 1954 tot ‘n onafhanklike kerk. Die studie dui aan dat ELCIN sedert sy ontstaan toegewyd was aan die taak om sy lede op ‘n holistiese vlak (geestelik en sosiaal) te ontwikkel. Die fokus van hierdie studie is om ‘n bydrae te lewer tot ‘n dieper begrip van die rol wat ELCIN gespeel het ten opsigte van hierdie ontwikkeling. Die studie het dus gepoog om vrae te beantwoord oor die rol wat die Finse sendelinge in opvoeding gespeel het en behoort verstaan te word binne die breër konteks van die geskiendenis van ELCIN. Watter reëlings is getref en watter ontwikkelings het plaasgevind gedurende die inheemswordingsproses? Die studie dui verder op die opvoedkundige uitdagings wat ELCIN gedurende die tyd van sosiale ontwikkeling deur opvoeding ondervind het. Ter beantwoording van hierdie vrae word deur die studie aangedui hoe ELCIN ‘n deurslaggewende rol in die sosiale ontwikkeling van Ovamboland gespeel het, veral deur middel van opvoeding en opleiding. Die studie verwys na beide informele (Christelike) en formele (algemene of inklusiewe) opvoeding en na die rol wat elk van hierdie vorms van opvoeding gespeel het ten opsigte van sosiale verandering. Die studie kyk ook eers na die verhouding tussen ELCIN en die Suid‐Afrikaanse regering gedurende Namibië (die destydse Suidwes‐Afrika) se jare as mandaatgebied en daarna word aanbevelings gemaak. In die lig van die positiewe bydrae wat ELCIN in die verlede gemaak het tot sosiale ontwikkeling, word aanbeveel dat hierdie bydrae in ‘n onafhanklike Namibië voortgesit word. Dit behoort te geskied deur ‘n intensifisering van Christelike onderwys onder lede ten einde die mense op te voed en te inspireer om getrou te bly aan hulle Christelike waardes. Op hierdie wyse sal ELCIN voortgaan om ‘n betekensivolle rol in die lewe van die gemeenskappe en hul lede te speel.

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Ndamanomhata, Paulus Nanghambe. "The Lutheran Church and reconciliation in independent Namibia." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1991. http://www.tren.com.

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7

Braun, Mark. "Changes within the Evangelical Lutheran Synodical Conference of North America that led to the exit of the Wisconsin Evangelical Lutheran Synod." Online full text .pdf document, available to Fuller patrons only, 2000. http://www.tren.com.

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8

Heins, Ronald K. "Developing a parish consulting service for the Wisconsin Evangelical Lutheran Synod." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1998. http://www.tren.com.

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9

Rammelt, Monika, and Antonia Witt. "Digitized Records of the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Tanzania in Moshi." Universität Leipzig, 2007. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A34451.

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This volume lists those church records housed in Moshi and two other places in Tanzania that have been digitized under a project initially sponsored by the British Library's 'Endangered Archives' programme. Copies of the DVDs, covering a total of 40,000 pages, have been deposited at the Tanzania National Archive in Dar es Salaam and at the British Library, as well as in Moshi itself. They relate to documents written in German or Swahili between 1897 and 1950.

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10

Mathye, Mokadi Max. "Becoming a missional church : the case of Evangelical Lutheran Church in Southern Africa (ELCSA)." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/24453.

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The topic of my study is: Becoming a missional church- the case of Evangelical Lutheran Church in South Africa (ELCSA). The lack of missional astuteness and intelligence emanating from Christendom mind-sets and agendas is detrimental to the growth of the church and is creating missional chaos and paralysis; this is what I am struggling with in my study. The challenge I am grappling with is that the ELCSA as a church has been exposed to a variety and multiplicity of missional cultures and mission settings through a diversity of missionaries operating from different missional landscape and backgrounds. The various and differing missional histories has created inconsistencies in the theological foundations that underpin and add force to her missional outlook and maturity. As the church considers becoming a missional church, there is an imperative need to radically revisit her traditional ecclesiologies in order to develop a clearer understanding of her missional vocation. The missional direction of the church is in quandary, partly because of the leadership failure to manage the contradictory and inconsistent missional attempts and missional immaturity within the ELCSA. Leadership development and formation within the Lutheran training institutes in Southern Africa, which are crucial in church life seems inadequate from a curriculum perspective. Failure to understand and appreciate the current missional language will inadvertently confuse the church’s understanding of God’s mission in the world (missio Dei). The challenge facing the ELCSA will therefore be an imperative and absolute need to move from a church with mission to a missional church. The study seeks to further explore and investigate insights from the ELCSA’s mission history with a view of determining the missional health and checking whether the church has a comprehension and understanding of the concept and language of a missional church and missional leadership. In this study I will also attempt to answer two possible sub-problems of the study viz. How does the ELCSA create a missional leadership aptitude environment and how does the ELCSA implement the missional conversation(s) to the operating landscape of the church? This study will also contrast the attractional and incarnational mindsets I reflect in the conclusion the significance and importance of a missional church and highlight the characteristics or indicators of such a church by applying it to the ELCSA. Recommendations are indicated for consideration by the ELCSA and are not presented as an answer or solution to the challenge that the church is facing.
Dissertation (MA(Theol))--University of Pretoria, 2012.
Science of Religion and Missiology
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11

Mtigile, Emmanuel. "The proliferation of dioceses in the ELCT (Evangelical Lutheran Church in Tanzania) a clarion call to a renewed commitment to the gospel of Jesus Christ /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1995. http://www.tren.com.

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Ishida, Yoshitaka Franklin. "Mission in today's world implications of accompaniment and communio for a Lutheran evangelism /." Online full text .pdf document, available to Fuller patrons only, 2001. http://www.tren.com.

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Rast, Lawrence R. "Nineteenth-century Lutheranism in the American South and West ministry and mission /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1995. http://www.tren.com.

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Jackson, Sheryl D. "A study of required procedures in an ELCA church office." Online version, 1998. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/1998/1998jacksons.pdf.

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Surles, Bud. "Reshaping the way leaders at Zion Evangelical Lutheran Church experience God in prayer." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN) Access this title online, 2004. http://www.tren.com.

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Nzalayaimisi, Gabriel Kalalambe. "Nation building and the church Ujamaa and a liberating theology in Tanzania /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1993. http://www.tren.com.

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Hendricks, Marilyn F. "The way of faith a Lutheran catechumenate /." Online full text .pdf document, available to Fuller patrons only, 2001. http://www.tren.com.

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Ohrstedt, Robert J. "True church or denomination? the Galesburg Rule and Lutheran identity in the tradition of the American Lutheran Church /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1993. http://www.tren.com.

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Peterson, Roy. "Men in Christ an eight-month discipleship ministry for men at Grace Evangelical Lutheran Church /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN) Access this title online, 2005. http://www.tren.com.

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Ofgaa, Berhanu. "The paradigm of servant leadership and the implications for the Ethiopian Evangelical Church Mekane Yesus (EECMY)." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1992. http://www.tren.com.

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Beck, John Harold. "The effects of the number of roles, the time spent in different roles, and selected demographic variables on burn out and job satisfaction among Iowa Lutheran clergy." Mode of Access (If off-campus, need to login using network username (dbq/network username) and password):, 1997. http://intranet.dbq.edu/intranetdocuments/beck_effectofthenumberofroles.pdf.

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Utt, James H. "New visions, old structures." Chicago, Ill : McCormick Theological Seminary, 1996. http://www.tren.com.

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Metze, Tony A. "Multi-frame leadership with South Carolina Evangelical Lutheran Church in America clergy a descriptive study /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN) Access this title online, 2005. http://www.tren.com.

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Kemung, Numuc Zirajukic. "Nareng-gareng : a principle for mission in the evangelical lutheran church of papua New Guinea /." Erlangen : Erlanger verlag für mission und Ökumene, 1998. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb377022624.

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Storbeck, Anamae Smith. "The pastor's role in discerning God's mission : a case study of Trinity Evangelical Lutheran church, in Blanco, Texas /." Online full text .pdf document, available to Fuller patrons only, 2003. http://www.tren.com.

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Lutz, Ruth Jeanne. "Explaining the basic doctrine, worship, and polity of the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America to Episcopalians a written guide and educational event /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 2008. http://www.tren.com/search.cfm?p075-0075.

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Janneke, Alan Wendel. "A process for equipping and supervising lay Christian caregivers at Trinity Evangelical Lutheran Church, Girard, Illinois." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1992. http://www.tren.com.

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Riddle, Patrick Wendell. "Introduction of type and temperament theory into the adult catechumenate precipitating a call for evangelical prayer /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 2008. http://www.tren.com/search.cfm?p064-0139.

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Mak, Sai-king. "Church governance /." [Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong], 1991. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B13115753.

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Lucero, Dennis F. "Adapting and field-testing the ancient catechumenate at Hope Ev. Lutheran Church, Saint Louis, Missouri." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1998. http://www.tren.com.

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Famiyeh, Frank Kodjo. "Negative features of tithing in African independent churches reclaiming the evangelical basis for generous giving /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 2005. http://www.tren.com.

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Pfaffenzeller, Jose Antonio. "God's people mobilized by grace for mission." Online full text .pdf document, available to Fuller patrons only, 1991. http://www.tren.com.

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Tampson, Margaret D. "The church as a vehicle for health education : a study of clergy and seminary student perceptions in the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America /." The Ohio State University, 1992. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487777170405875.

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Strong, Micheal M. "A theological and sociological analysis of the family dropout problem following the rite of confirmation and graduation of children from Trinity Evangelical Lutheran School, Springfield, Illinois." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1998. http://www.tren.com.

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Godebo, Debanchor Yacob. "The impact of the charismatic movement and related tensions on the traditional Lutheran worship of the South Central Synod of the Ethiopian Evangelical Church Mekane Yesus since 1991." Thesis, University of Chester, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10034/216809.

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This research is based on the contemporary worship life of the South Central Synod (SCS) of the Ethiopian Evangelical Church Mekane Yesus (EECMY). The worship life of the SCS congregations has been disrupted since 1991 because of the impact of the charismatic movement on the traditional Lutheran worship of the SCS and related tensions. The EECMY is the church that was founded by the European Lutheran Churches. Therefore, it adheres to the Lutheran theological tradition, which limits religious authority to Scripture and emphasizes the New Testament’s teaching of conversion, new birth, and justification by grace through faith. Lutheran theological tradition does not emphasize the necessity and possibility of the charismatic gifts as part of faith practice. Any tendency to receive and experience charismatic gifts outside of Scripture and sacraments has not been addressed for traditional Lutheran worship. Rather, such experiences were strongly rejected by Lutheran confessional documents (SA III: viii). Being one of the units of the EECMY, SCS was founded on this theological tradition and assumes it for its theology and practice. The SCS traditional worship, therefore, does not recognize charismatic worship and experiences of related manifestations as necessary parts of faith practice. Since 1991 the charismatic movement has introduced the congregations to traditionally neglected charismatic worship and experiences of charismatic gifts such as prophecy, revelations, speaking in tongues, physical healing, discerning spirits and miracle working. The receiving and experiencing of these gifts have become almost a normal part of worship in the congregations. This has impacted the congregations to the extent that they consider their own traditional worship structure as contradictory to devotional worship and deeper spiritual experience. Yet the traditionalists of the congregations reject charismatic worship and related experiences of the manifestations. These distinct views have caused tensions and disruption between the members those who want freedom of worship and changes to the traditional formalism, and those who wish to maintain the traditional form of worship. Thus, the purpose of this study is to explore this situation and the history that has brought it about. Having examined this, the research discusses the nature and impact of the charismatic movement and its effects on traditional Lutheran worship in the SCS, together with offering some potential contextually appropriate proposed solutions.

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Wood, Mary Catherine Lee. "Statuary at the Evangelical Lutheran Church of the Holy Trinity in Lancaster, Pennsylvania Matthew, Mark, Luke, John, and a community with a mission /." Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file, 83 p, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1338866141&sid=4&Fmt=2&clientId=8331&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Lohr, Mary Christine. "Finding a Lutheran theology of religions : ecclesial traditions and interfaith dialogue." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10036/86921.

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The question of who is participating in today’s debate around theologies of other religions is important. Religious difference and the many ways of dealing with it are issues in political, social and theological initiatives. The reality of religious plurality in daily life leaves some Christians wondering about the best way to relate to non-Christian neighbors. In light of this, a series of questions emerges about who is shaping conversations with people of other faiths and what priorities they reflect. A Lutheran voice is lacking in this debate. Despite this, there has been a wide response from other Christian traditions. In some cases denominations have raised questions of religious pluralism as a theological issue, while elsewhere individual theologians have contributed to the debate. The project that follows will examine such contributions from three ecclesial traditions (Roman Catholic, Evangelical and Protestant) and individual theologians in order to chart some common concerns in the theology of religions debate. In an effort to highlight a tradition-constituted approach to the other, connections will also be made between individuals’ positions and their ecclesial traditions. This thesis will also propose a distinctively Lutheran theology of religions first by using the works of Martin Luther to introduce the Lutheran history of engagement with non-Christians. Then, Lutheran statements and resources, partnerships and institutions will be examined to discover the ways in which the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America engages non-Christians. Finally, this project will propose crucial elements for a specifically Lutheran theology of religions. These elements will be put in conversation with individual Lutheran theologians who have made contributions to the debate. Ultimately a theology of kinship will emerge. Using distinctively Lutheran themes, this theology recognizes a connection between all people and calls Lutherans to live in kinship with the religious other.

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Bergström, Helena. "The effects of a separation between a state church and a state : Participation and religious activity in the Evangelical-Lutheran churches in Sweden and Norway." Thesis, Jönköping University, JIBS, Political Science, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-8934.

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The purpose of this thesis is to examine the effects on religious participation and activity in a country that a separation between a state and a state church has. To do this I have compared Sweden and Norway. Norway still has a state church whereas Sweden does not as of January 1 2000. I decided to examine these two countries due to their similar backgrounds, geographical location and political systems. What I found when examining Sweden was that the separation did effect the religious participation compared to Norway. But Sweden has seen a decrease in church activities for a long time; the decrease would have taken place even without the separation, since Norway also had experiences this decrease over time. So my conclusion is, if Sweden had continued to have a state church, there would have been a similar decrease. However, it would probably have been smaller, then what have taken place after the separation. The different religious activities I have looked at, baptism, confirmation and marriage, have had different development over the years and have been affected differently by the separation. The decrease in religious activity in Sweden is not only caused by the separation between state and church, it is also a reaction against a changing society. The separation in Sweden lead to a larger decrease compared to Norway. Both the decrease in religious activity in Sweden and the separation was instead a reaction to a changing society, the role that the Swedish church once played has been replaced by other factors. One of the foundations to the political elements in Sweden has with this decrease and ultimately the separation been lost and if this also will have any effect on the involvement in secular organization, voting rates or political participation is too early to tell.

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Volfa, Julija. "Ministry and domestic violence against women perspectives on domestic violence against women in Russia and the USA /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN) Access this title online, 2004. http://www.tren.com.

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Baade, Joel Haroldo. "Os conflitos comunitários e Sinodais e a formação e consolidação da IECLB: as trajetórias da Associação Evangélica de Comunidades e do Sínodo Evangélico-Luterano até a sua fusão e constituição do Sínodo Evangélico-Luterano Unido em 1962." Faculdades EST, 2011. http://tede.est.edu.br/tede/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=294.

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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
Esta tese de doutorado é uma análise da formação do Sínodo Evangélico Luterano Unido (SELU), em 1962, a partir da fusão da Igreja Luterana no Brasil (1905) e do Sínodo Evangélico de Santa Catarina e Paraná (1911), mormente chamados de sínodos. As trajetórias dessas duas instituições foram marcadas em boa medida pelo combate mútuo, sendo que as origens destes conflitos estão em divergências comunitárias preexistentes bem como em diferenças teológicas e confessionais que remetem às histórias das instituições de procedência de pastores e membros que integram os dois sínodos. Os nacionalismos do final do século XIX e primeira metade do século XX determinaram a história dos sínodos. Principalmente com o desfecho da Segunda Guerra Mundial, o ideal de edificar a Igreja a partir de uma matriz étnica se revelou inválido, levando os sínodos à continuidade do diálogo iniciado sob a germanidade, mas com um discurso novo, marcado por uma reorientação teológica. Esta nova ordem ganhou expressão formal com a constituição da Federação Sinodal (FS)/Igreja Evangélica de Confissão Luterana no Brasil (IECLB), em 1949. Do compromisso com a nova ordem estabelecida decorreu a necessidade de reestruturação dos dois sínodos, que haviam experimentado um desenvolvimento paralelo, embora coexistindo num mesmo território. A constituição do SELU é um marco fundamental na consolidação da IECLB como uma igreja de Jesus Cristo no Brasil.
This doctoral dissertation is an analysis of the formation of the Sínodo Evangélico Luterano Unido (SELU) [United Lutheran Evangelical Synod], in 1962, stemming from the fusion of the Lutheran Church in Brazil (1905) and the Evangelical Synod of Santa Catarina and Paraná (1911), normally called synods. The trajectories of these two institutions were marked in good measure by mutual combat, being that the origins of these conflicts are in the pre-existing congregational divergences as well as in theological and confessional differences which remit back to the history of the institutions as to the origins of the pastors and members who make up the two synods. The nationalisms of the end of the 19th century and the first half of the 20th century determined the history of the synods. Mainly with the result of the Second World War, the ideal of edifying the Church based on an ethnic matrix was revealed as invalid, leading the synods to continue the dialog that had begun under their condition of Germanity, however now with a new discourse, marked by a theological reorientation. This new order gained formal expression with the constitution of the Federação Sinodal (FS) [Synod Federation]/ Igreja Evangélica de Confissão Luterana no Brasil (IECLB) [Evangelical Church of Lutheran Confession in Brazil], in 1949. From the commitment with the new established order there arose the need for restructuring the two synods, which had experienced a parallel development even though co-existing in the same territory. The constitution of the SELU is a fundamental marking point in the consolidation of the IECLB as a church of Jesus Christ in Brazil.

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De, Visser Adriaan Jan. "The kingship of Christ in the life and faith of Christians in a black South African township : a missiological evaluation / Adriaan Jan de Visser." Thesis, Potchefstroom University for Christian Higher Education, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/10129.

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The purpose of this study is to investigate to what extent the Lordship of Christ is a reality in the life and faith of Christians in the South African township of Soshanguve, north-west of Pretoria. The study is based on empirical research conducted in Soshanguve between 1996 and 1999, among members of the following three denominations: the Evangelical Lutheran Church, the Zion Christian Church, and a group of Pentecostal and charismatic churches. During the first phase the research had a predominantly quantitative nature (survey research). The second phase involved a qualitative research (in depth-interviews, analysis of written documents and sermons). After an introductory chapter and a chapter giving the necessary background, chapter 3 describes the survey research, and chapters 4 to 6 examine the Lordship of Christ as it functions in the Evangelical Lutheran Church, the Zion Christian Church and the Pentecostal/charismatic churches respectively. This research shows that in the faith of many church members the Lordship of Jesus Christ is a vague notion. It is accepted that Jesus Christ has died for our sins in the past, but it is less clear what He is doing presently. The living Christ is a remote figure in the faith of the majority of church members. The gap which is left, is filled by the laws of the church and/or the leadership of the church. Chapter 7 gives an analysis of the results. It appears that several backgrounds have to be taken into account: (1) the influence of African traditional religion, (2) the influence of Western secularism, (3) the influence of specific doctrinal tenets of the given denomination. Chapter 8 offers a Biblical perspective on aspects which have to be dealt with in order to strengthen the notion of the Lordship of Christ in the life and faith of Christians. These are: the concept of God, the concept of salvation, the person of Christ, the Lordship of Christ over the life of the individual believer, and the Lordship of Christ over the world.
Thesis (Th.D.)--Potchefstroom University for Christian Higher Education, 2001

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Evertsson, Mattias. "Svenska kyrkans mission till Rhodesia/Zimbabwe 1928-1984 : En postkolonial analys av fem intervjuer med tidigare missionärer om självbild och förhållande till missionskontexten." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Kyrko- och missionsstudier, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-359455.

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Ndawanapo, Tomás. "As influências religiosas e educativas da igreja evangélica luterana de Angola no seu contexto ontem e hoje." Faculdades EST, 2009. http://tede.est.edu.br/tede/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=197.

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Este trabalho faz uma análise sobre o envolvimento, desde o início da confessionalidade luterana, com a educação escolar das crianças em Angola. A primeira parte faz uma abordagem educacional das crianças sob princípio da cultura e tradição dos povos Bantu em Angola. Esta parte inclui a gestação, a infância, a adolescência, e os ritos de passagem para meninas e meninos. A implantação da Igreja em Angola decorre em simultâneo com a fixação do colonialismo. Por isso os planos da Educação da Igreja eram subordinados às pretensões do sistema colonial. A segunda parte analisa o quanto a Missão Evangélica Luterana em Angola valorizou a educação da criança, começando com a própria tradição luterana. Nesta parte fala-se alto a catequese desde a Reforma na Alemanha até ao surgimento da Igreja Luterana em Angola. Esta é a parte do trabalho que é emocionante no ponto de vista histórico. Porque traz à tona histórias de pessoas que morreram pela implantação da Igreja Luterana em Angola. Aqui percebe-se que o sistema colonial ofereceu ao povo angolano, principalmente àqueles que tinham como opção a confissão Luterana uma igreja, uma língua para o ensino escolar e prisão ou morte aos reticentes. A terceira e última parte fala da Igreja Evangélica Luterana de Angola, em sua relevância para a Educação escolar das crianças a partir da grande comissão de Jesus Cristo em Mateus 28.19-20. Aborda sobre a criança na Bíblia e as relações das crianças com a família moderna em Angola, mostrando o quanto a confessionalidade luterana valoriza a educação da criança e termina com o delineamento de um projecto educativo da IELA que é um desafio. O trabalho começa com uma introdução sucinta e encerra com uma conclusão sintética.
This work makes an analysis on involvement from the beginning of the Evangelical Lutheran confession with childrens education school in Angola. The first part makes an education approach of children, starting from the traditional and culture of Bantu people in Angola. This part includes gestation, childhood, adolescence and rites of passages for girls and boys. The implantation of the church in Angola elapses in simultaneous with the fixation of the colonialism system. Therefore the education plan of the church was subordinated under pretensions of colonialism system. The second part analysis how, the Evangelical Lutheran mission in Angola, valued the childrens school education. In this part, is spoken loudly about the catechism from the reform of the church in Germany until the appearance of the Lutheran Church in Angola. This is, also, a part of the work that is touching in the historical point of view, because it brings to the unstressed histories of people, that were arrested and another died because of the implantation of the Lutheran Church in Angola. It is noticed that the colonial system offered to the Angolan people mainly to those that had as eclesial option the Lutheran confession a church, a language for teaching and prison or death for the reticent. The third part and the last one speeches on the evangelical Lutheran church of Angola in its relevance for childrens education. It is showing that Christian Education starts from Jesus Christs Great Commission in Mathew 28.19-20. It approaches on the children in the Bible, the childs relationships with the modern family in Angola, showing how the Lutheran confession values the childrens school education and finishing with a proposal of an education project of IELA that is a challenge. The work starts with a brief introduction and ends with a synthetic conclusion.

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Dentee, Leandro. "Fides ex auditu (Romanos 10.17) : primeiro a propaganda depois a fé : o marketing interno como instrumento de missão na Igreja Evangélica de Confissão Luterana no Brasil." Faculdades EST, 2007. http://tede.est.edu.br/tede/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=101.

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A dissertação Fides ex auditu (Romanos 10.17) Primeiro a propaganda depois a fé O marketing interno como instrumento de missão na Igreja Evangélica de Confissão Luterana no Brasil (IECLB) surge a partir da inquietação oriunda do dia-a-dia de um obreiro do ministério pastoral. As assim chamadas Igrejas históricas, das quais a IECLB faz parte, enfrentam grandes dificuldades em manter o seu quadro de fiéis. Esta dificuldade em manter o quadro de fiéis é o assunto do primeiro capítulo. Através de duas pesquisas realizadas no âmbito da IECLB a suspeita de estagnação numérica, com forte tendência ao decréscimo, é comprovada. Os dois trabalhos analisados apontam a mesma direção, embora um apresente a questão em um âmbito nacional e outro traga índices de uma pequena cidade do interior do Rio Grande do Sul. A busca por ajuda chega ao campo do marketing. Desfazendo-se de preconceitos, busca-se uma aproximação com esta área do conhecimento humano. No entanto, antes de iniciar o diálogo é necessário que se respeite a cultura organizacional da instituição a qual ações de marketing possam vir a ser úteis. O segundo capítulo apresenta assim os pilares da Teologia Luterana. Sobre estes pilares está alicerçado o modo de ser Igreja da IECLB. Preconizando comunidades adultas, ações de marketing interno surgem com ações mais eficazes no momento. O terceiro capítulo apresenta o marketing enfocando de forma especial o marketing interno. Buscando avaliar a comunicação interna na IECLB, tema que o marketing interno reflete, foi realizada uma coleta de dados com lideranças desta Igreja. Os dados revelados são apresentados, bem como sua fundamentação e avaliação, no quarto capítulo. Igreja e marketing é um desafio! No diálogo bem orientado, com a ajuda oferecida pelo marketing, a Igreja pode tornar-se mais eficaz no modo de transmitir o que lhe é mais caro: o Evangelho do Nosso Senhor Jesus Cristo.
The dissertation Fides ex auditu (Romans 10:17) Propaganda first, faith after The internal marketing as instrument of mission in the Evangelical Church of the Lutheran Confession in Brasil (ECLCB) arises from the uneasiness of the daily life of an Ordained Minister. The so called Historical Churches, to which group the ECLCB belongs, are facing great difficulties to keep their members. These difficulties to keep members is the issue of the first chapter. Through two researches taken in the ECLCB, the suspicion of numerical stagnation, even with strong tendency towards lowering numbers, is confirmed. The two researches analyzed point to the same, although one presents the question in a national view and the other brings numbers of a small town in the open country of the state of Rio Grande do Sul. The search for help comes to the field of marketing. While taking out prejudices, we seek to draw nearer to this field of human knowledge. Yet, before we begin the dialog, it is necessary to respect the organizational culture of the institution to which marketing action might become useful. The second chapter presents, therefore, the pillars of the Lutheran Theology. It is on these pillars that the way of being of the ECLCB is laid upon. Thinking on adult congregations, internal marketing actions arise as the more efficient actions at the moment. The third chapter presents the theme of marketing, looking specially to internal marketing. Seeking to analyze the internal communication in the ECLCB, theme that the internal marketing reflects, it was collected information with various leaders of this church. What this data collection revealed is presented, along with its explanation and analysis, in the forth chapter. Church and marketing is a challenge! In a well directed dialog, with the help offered by the marketing, the Church can become more efficient in its way to communicate what is most precious: the Gospel of Our Lord Jesus Christ.

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Tehzy, Sandra Kamien. "Simplesmente igreja : um olhar sobre inclusão de pessoas com deficiência em busca de contribuições para uma práxis comunitária inclusiva." Faculdades EST, 2008. http://tede.est.edu.br/tede/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=93.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
Um olhar sobre inclusão de pessoas com deficiência na Igreja Evangélica de Confissão Luterana no Brasil (IECLB), a partir do diálogo entre duas áreas de conhecimento, a religião e educação. Problematiza a relação igreja e inclusão a partir dos questionamentos provenientes dos debates no campo educativo em diálogo com as "falas" comunitárias coletadas através de entrevistas com lideranças de comunidade e integrantes de coordenações de trabalho com pessoas com deficiência em âmbito sinodal e nacional. O primeiro capítulo aborda brevemente a história da IECLB, desde sua formação até a atualidade, destacando os caminhos da reflexão e dos trabalhos sobre inclusão de pessoas com deficiência na igreja. O segundo capítulo apresenta uma retrospectiva histórica e bíblica buscando olhar como as pessoas com deficiência foram vistas e compreendidas na trajetória das "cavernas à manjedoura". O terceiro capítulo busca por contribuições para uma práxis comunitária inclusiva, através do diálogo, tendo como pano de fundo a metáfora paulina da igreja como "corpo", entre os questionamentos e reflexões sobre inclusão no campo educativo e o cotidiano da vida comunitária expresso nas falas das pessoas entrevistadas.
This paper surveys the inclusion of people with disabilities within the Evangelical Church of Lutheran Confession in Brazil (ECLCB) based on the dialogue between two fields of knowledge, religion and education. They study discusses the relation between church and inclusion, examining issues raised by debates in the educational field in dialogue with congregational "voices", statements collected in interviews with leaders of congregations and with members of coordinating committees working with disabled people at the synod and national levels. The first chapter briefly presents the history of ECLCB, from its origins to the present, highlighting the development of the reflection and the effort to include disabled people within the church. The second chapter provides a historical, biblical-theological review, in an attempt to discern how people with disabilities were seen and understood in pre-Christian times. The third chapter looks for contributions towards an inclusive congregational practice by means of a dialogue in line with the Pauline image of the church as a "body" between the issues and reflections on inclusion in the educational field and the congregational day to day expressed in the statements made by the people interviewed.

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Figur, Elvio Nei. "“E conhecereis a verdade”: a comunicação da mensagem religiosa ielbiana na primeira década após o centenário (2004-2014)." Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF), 2017. https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/4791.

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CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
Para Søren Kierkegaard, a vida exige o encontro de uma verdade pela qual se possa viver e morrer. Segundo ele, a incerteza objetiva, sustentada na apropriação da mais apaixonada interioridade é a verdade, a mais alta verdade que há para um existente. Essa definição de verdade como subjetividade é, ainda, uma paráfrase da fé. Para o filósofo da religião, a verdade do cristianismo está, não na objetivação de doutrinas, mas na apropriação de seu(s) paradoxo(s) com a paixão da interioridade; no salto da fé. Decorre daí que a verdade religiosa, essencialmente subjetiva, só é efetivamente comunicada de forma indireta; por e para o indivíduo livre em sua existência. Muitas vezes, entretanto, a verdade religiosa é transformada em verdade objetiva, absoluta. É o que acontece em instituições religiosas, caso da Igreja Evangélica Luterana do Brasil (IELB), em que o ideário de proclamação baseia-se na premissa de que o erro precisa ser corrigido e a verdade proclamada. Tal realidade, observada claramente na atuação comunicacional midiática, revela forte tendência à racionalização da fé em detrimento da subjetividade do existente em busca de sentido último.
For Søren Kierkegaard, life demands the encounter of a truth one can live and die for. According to him, the objective uncertainty, sustained by the appropriation of the most passionate inwardness, is the truth, the highest existent truth for a person. This definition of truth as subjectivity is also a paraphrase of faith. For the philosopher of religion, the truth of Christianity does not lie in the objectification of doctrines, but in the appropriation of its paradox(es) with the passion of inwardness; In the leap of faith. Religious truth, essentially subjective, is only effectively communicated indirectly; by and for the free individual in their existence. Often, however, religious truth is transformed into absolute, objective truth. This is what happens in religious institutions like the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Brazil, where the idea of proclamation is based on the premise that the error has to be corrected and the truth proclaimed. This reality, clearly observed in the media communication, reveals a strong tendency towards rationalization of faith at the expense of the subjectivity of the existing person in search of ultimate meaning.

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Velho, Mário Passala. "As estratégias missionárias da Igreja Evangélica Luterana de Angola (IELA) no contexto atual de Angola." Faculdades EST, 2012. http://tede.est.edu.br/tede/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=387.

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O presente trabalho intenta analisar as estratégias missionárias de caráter luterano que vêm sendo desenvolvidas no contexto da Igreja Evangélica Luterana de Angola (IELA) desde seu surgimento até os dias atuais. As condições sociais e políticas, as dificuldades econômicas e os conflitos bélicos têm se caracterizado como uma atmosfera de muitas limitações para o trabalho missionário da IELA, pois as condições vêm se apresentando sempre em meio a dificuldades geopolíticas muito limitadoras para a ação missionária e o cuidado pastoral. A IELA busca caminhos que apontem na direção da autonomia em sentido amplo. Para tanto, a pesquisa quer ajudar na compreensão do contexto em que a mesma se encontra, permitindo assim certa percepção dos limites e das possibilidades do trabalho missionário luterano em Angola.
This paper attempts to analyze the missionary strategies of Lutheran character that have been developed in the context of the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Angola (ELCA) since its inception to the present day. The social and political conditions, economic difficulties and armed conflicts have been characterized as an atmosphere of many limitations to the missionary work of the ELCA, because the conditions are always presenting themselves in the midst of very limiting geopolitical difficulties of missionary work and pastoral care. The ELCA search paths that toward autonomy in the broad sense. To this end, the research wants to help in understanding the context in which it is allowing certain perception of the limits and possibilities of a lutheran missionary action in Angola.

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Halvarsson, Sofie. ""Låt oss be och bekänna" : Om vad en människa bör bekänna och ta ansvar för som sin synd och skuld." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Teologiska institutionen, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-380880.

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The aim of this essay is first and foremost to clarify which kind of different answers there are to identify within an evangelical-lutheran tradition considering what a person should confess and take responsibility for as their sin and guilt. Secondly this essay aims to suggest the most plausible one. This essay thematically present four different figures of ideas that answers to the question of what a person should confess as their sin and guilt. These figures are: 1) To confess the ontological state of guilt 2) To confess the subjective sin and guilt 3) To confess the objective sin and guilt 4) To confess participation in the structural sin and guilt. These four different views of what to confess have been tested through three different criterias: a criteria of theology - by testing the coherence with an evangelical-lutheran tradition, a criteria of pastoral psychology - by testing the correspondence with theories in pastoral psychology and a criteria of good consequences - to see if the views of what to confess have a liberating effect on an individual and collective level. After testing these different views of what to confess my conclusion is that the most valid one is “ to confess our objective sin and guilt” because it expresses the violation of the “relation”. Some of the other views may serve as a good explanation for the human “situation”, but are not appropriate to confess as guilt.

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Stenbäck, Tomas. "Swedish Belief and Swedish Tradition : The Role of Religion in Sweden Democrat Nationalism." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Religionsvetenskap, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-33345.

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In the context of Western, European, Nordic, and Swedish radical nationalism, this study is an analysis of the various ways the political party the Sweden Democrats talks about religion; primarily about Swedish Evangelical-Lutheran Christianity and the Church of Sweden. The study investigates the party expressions on religion and nationalism, using theoretical models of interpretation, constructed for this specific purpose, out of hermeneutic methodology. The purpose has been to analyse the different functions of the various ways the Sweden Democrats talk about religion, and to investigate how the references to religion legitimize the ideology of nationalism, with the aim to answer the following questions: How do the Sweden Democrats’ talk on religion function as an identity marker? In what way is it possible to distinguish an aspiration for cultural purity in the Sweden Democrats’ talk on religion? Is it possible to distinguish neo-racism in the Sweden Democrats’ talk on religion? In which ways can the Sweden Democrats’ talk on religion be regarded as political strategy? The results demonstrate in which ways the Sweden Democrats apply religion to promote the party perceptions of nationalism, as well as to legitimize the party conceptions of the Swedish nation and the Swedish people: Swedish Christianity and the Church of Sweden are used to identify Swedish culture and to identify contrasting foreign culture. Swedish Christianity is used as the determining factor between the good Swedish people and the bad other people. Swedish Christianity is used as the determining factor between the right Swedish values and the wrong values of the other. Swedish Christian values are used as dividing criteria between the culturally pure Swedish people and the culturally impure other people. The degeneration of the Church of Sweden mirrors the degeneration of the Swedish society. Swedish Christian homogeneity will guarantee security for the Swedish people and the Swedish nation within the Swedish nation-state. Elements of religion and culture sort different peoples into different categories in the hierarchical view of humanity. Swedish Christianity and Swedish culture identify and define the Swedish people as innocent to the current precarious situation of the Swedish nation, and Swedish Christianity and Swedish culture identify and define the people of the other, which is to blame for this situation. The Swedish people is superior, to the non-Swedish people, because of superior Swedish religion and superior Swedish culture. Swedish Christianity is used to promote anti-democratic political positions. Swedish Christianity is used to legitimize coercion and force in the enforcement of Swedishness.

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Ndamanomhata, Paulus Nanghambe. "The transformation of authoritarian leadership in the Evangelical Lutheran Church in Namibia." Thesis, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/3023.

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The contents of this dissertation is about the authoritarianism presently found in Lutheran churches in general and in the Evangelical Lutheran Church in Namibia (ELCIN) in particular. In contradiction to the Roman Catholic Church, Luther advocated the participation of the laity in decision-making processes. However, strong offices of authority have been established in ELCIN and excessive powers have been granted constitutionally to the clergy against the laity, with the result that lay leaders are made to believe that the decision-making procedures belong to the higher authorities at all levels of the church. There is a lack of willingness among the higher authorities to motivate lay leaders to take up leadership responsibilities in their presence. The danger of this attitude is that most of the decisions made in the church are initiated by the clergy and are therefore not representative. The leadership style of ELCIN can be described as partially democratic and partially authoritarian. The authoritarian leadership style of ELCIN was not derived from the original Lutheran heritage. This situation is due largely to a combination of the leadership patterns of the Finnish missionaries and the prevailing Owambo traditional culture. Authoritarian attitudes remain an urgent challenge to ELCIN in particular, and to Lutheran churches in general. The formulation of a new concept of leadership in the church must embrace the collective participation of all male adult members of the community in decision-making processes as observed in positive elements of Owambo traditions and Luther's concept of the priesthood of all believers. This dissertation recommends that lay leaders must be allowed to chair decision-making bodies at all levels in the church and that clergy and lay leaders participate equally in these bodies. ELCIN theologians also have to formulate concepts which contextualise church leadership and dissociate it from foreign vessels of culture.
Thesis (Ph.D.)-University of Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 2001.

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