Log in

Relevant bibliographies by topics / Evaporated ZnS / Journal articles

To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Evaporated ZnS.

Journal articles on the topic 'Evaporated ZnS'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 12 February 2022

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles

Select a source type:

Consult the top 42 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Evaporated ZnS.'

Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.

You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.

Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.

1

Kathirvel, D., and R. Jeyachitra. "Structural Properties of Vacuum Evaporated ZnS Thin Films." International Journal of Macro and Nano Physics 1, no. 1 (January 4, 2016): 57–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.18831/djphys.org/2016011006.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

Urakawa, Yoshifumi, and Karen Gleason. "Tunable Photoluminescence via Thermally Evaporated ZnS Ultra Thin Films." Journal of Coating Science and Technology 1, no. 1 (July 1, 2015): 46–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.6000/2369-3355.2014.01.01.5.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

3

Abou Samra, R., I. Asaad, and M. Salim. "Structural and optical properties of thermally evaporated ZnS thin films." European Physical Journal Applied Physics 52, no. 3 (November 30, 2010): 30301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjap/2010162.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

4

Akyuz, Idris, and Irem Yeni. "Effect of Heat Treatment in Different Atmospheres on Thermally Evaporated ZnS films." Optical Materials 119 (September 2021): 111381. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.optmat.2021.111381.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

5

Trabishi, Siham, Roula Abou Samra, and Imad Asaad. "Height and Feature Parameters Study of Thermally Evaporated ZnS Thin Films by AFM." Journal of New Technology and Materials 3, no. 1 (2013): 43–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.12816/0010279.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

6

Mohamed, S. H., and H. M. Ali. "Structural, optical, and photoluminescence characterization of electron beam evaporated ZnS/CdSe nanoparticles thin films." Journal of Applied Physics 109, no. 1 (January 2011): 013108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3531991.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

7

Yokoyama, Hiroyuki. "Photoinduced surface morphology improvement and preferential orientation enhancement in film deposition of evaporated ZnS." Applied Physics Letters 49, no. 20 (November 17, 1986): 1354–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.97376.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

8

Sánchez, T. G., X. Mathew, and N. R. Mathews. "Obtaining phase-pure CZTS thin films by annealing vacuum evaporated CuS/SnS/ZnS stack." Journal of Crystal Growth 445 (July 2016): 15–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2016.03.039.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

9

Theis, D., and R. Wengert. "Cathodoluminescent Properties of Evaporated ZnS : Mn Films in the 2–6 kV Acceleration Voltage Range." Journal of The Electrochemical Society 132, no. 10 (October 1, 1985): 2507–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/1.2113610.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

10

Vishwakarma, Rahul, and Archana Sahoo. "Effect of Annealing on Structural, Electrical and Optical Properties of Thermally Evaporated ZnS Thin Films." Journal of Advanced Physics 6, no. 2 (June 1, 2017): 274–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jap.2017.1331.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

11

Cui, Hongtao, Chang-Yeh Lee, Wei Li, Xiaolei Liu, Xiaoming Wen, and Xiaojing Hao. "Improving Efficiency of Evaporated Cu2ZnSnS4Thin Film Solar Cells by a Thin Ag Intermediate Layer between Absorber and Back Contact." International Journal of Photoenergy 2015 (2015): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/170507.

Full text

Abstract:

A 20 nm Ag coating on Mo back contact was adopted to improve the back contact of evaporated Cu2ZnSnS4(CZTS) solar cells. The Ag layer helped reduce the thickness of MoS2which improves fill factor (FF) significantly; additionally, it reduced secondary phases ZnS and SnS2−x, which may help carrier transport; it was also involved in the doping of the absorber layer, which compensated the intrinsic p-type doping and therefore drags down the doping level. The doping involvement may enlarge the depletion region and improve lifetime of the absorber, which led to enhancing open circuit voltage (VOC), short circuit current density (JSC), and efficiency significantly. However, it degrades the crystallinity of the material slightly.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

12

Amotchkina, Tatiana, Michael Trubetskov, Daniel Hahner, and Vladimir Pervak. "Characterization of e-beam evaporated Ge, YbF3, ZnS, and LaF3 thin films for laser-oriented coatings." Applied Optics 59, no. 5 (December 2, 2019): A40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ao.59.000a40.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

13

Kumar, K. Chaitanya, and S. Kaleemulla. "Effect of Ni incorporation on structural, optical and magnetic properties of electron beam evaporated ZnS thin films." Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids 135 (December 2019): 109028. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpcs.2019.05.025.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

14

Zheng, Yanqiong, Juncong Chen, Weiguang Li, Chao Wang, Junbiao Peng, Bin Wei, and Xifeng Li. "Improved green thermal activated delayed fluorescence OLEDs based on thermally evaporated distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) of MgF2/ZnS." Nanotechnology 32, no. 45 (August 20, 2021): 455203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6528/ac1b51.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

15

Robles, V., C. Guillén, J. F. Trigo, and J. Herrero. "Cu 2 ZnSnS 4 thin films obtained by sulfurization of evaporated Cu 2 SnS 3 and ZnS layers: Influence of the ternary precursor features." Applied Surface Science 400 (April 2017): 220–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2016.12.186.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

16

Zhang, Guangchun, Jianhua Zhao, and Martin A. Green. "Effect of substrate heating on the adhesion and humidity resistance of evaporated MgF2/ZnS antireflection coatings and on the performance of high-efficiency silicon solar cells." Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells 51, no. 3-4 (February 1998): 393–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0927-0248(97)00258-4.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

17

Chalapathi, U., M. A. Scarpulla, Si-Hyun Park, S. Uthanna, and V. Sundara Raja. "Improving the grain size of $$\text {Cu}_{2}\text {ZnSnS}_{4}$$ Cu 2 ZnSnS 4 thin films by annealing thermally evaporated Cu–ZnS–Sn–S precursors." Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics 30, no. 5 (February 6, 2019): 4931–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10854-019-00788-1.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

18

Kim, Dong-Jin, and Ho-Nyeon Lee. "Improving the charge balance and performance of CdSe/ZnS quantum-dot light-emitting diodes with a sputtered zinc-tin-oxide electron-transport layer and a thermally evaporated tungsten-oxide charge-restricting layer." Japanese Journal of Applied Physics 58, no. 10 (September 6, 2019): 106502. http://dx.doi.org/10.7567/1347-4065/ab3c77.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

19

Hausen, Peter, and Ursula Müller. "A New Method to Prepare Sections from Amphibian Embryos for Immunohistology." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C 43, no. 9-10 (October 1, 1988): 765–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znc-1988-9-1021.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract The method involves impregnation of fixed embryos with a solution of plexiglass. The solvent is evaporated slowly. Blocks of plexiglass containing the specimen are thus formed. Sections (1-2 μm) are stretched and attached by an unconvential method. Immunohistological techniques allow antigen localization in a combination of high resolution, excellent quality of the sections and low background.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

20

Hertwig, Ramis, Shiro Nishiwaki, Mario Ochoa, Shih-Chi Yang, Thomas Feurer, Evgeniia Gilshtein, Ayodhya N. Tiwari, and Romain Carron. "ALD-ZnMgO and absorber surface modifications to substitute CdS buffer layers in co-evaporated CIGSe solar cells." EPJ Photovoltaics 11 (2020): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjpv/2020010.

Full text

Abstract:

High efficiency chalcopyrite thin film solar cells generally use chemical bath deposited CdS as buffer layer. The transition to Cd-free buffer layers, ideally by dry deposition methods is required to decrease Cd waste, enable all vacuum processing and circumvent optical parasitic absorption losses. In this study, Zn1−xMgxO thin films were deposited by atomic layer deposition (ALD) as buffer layers on co-evaporated Cu(In,Ga)Se2 (CIGS) absorbers. A specific composition range was identified for a suitable conduction band alignment with the absorber surface. We elucidate the critical role of the CIGS surface preparation prior to the dry ALD process. Wet chemical surface treatments with potassium cyanide, ammonium hydroxide and thiourea prior to buffer layer deposition improved the device performances. Additional in-situ surface reducing treatments conducted immediately prior to Zn1−xMgxO deposition improved device performance and reproducibility. Devices were characterised by (temperature dependant) current-voltage and quantum efficiency measurements with and without light soaking treatment. The highest efficiency was measured to be 18%.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

21

Yadav, Brijesh Kumar, Pratima Singh, Chandreshvar Prasad Yadav, Dharmendra Kumar Pandey, and Dhananjay Singh. "Structural and wavelength dependent optical study of thermally evaporated Cu2Se thin films." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A 75, no. 8 (September 25, 2020): 781–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zna-2020-0098.

Full text

Abstract:

AbstractThe present work encloses structural and optical characterization of copper (I) selenide (Cu2Se) thin films. The films having thickness 85 nm have been deposited using thermal evaporation technique in initial step of work. The structural and morphological studies of deposited thin films are then done by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and surface profilometer measurements. Later on, ultraviolet-visible-near-infrared (UV-VIS-NIR) spectrophotometer and Raman spectroscopic measurements are performed for optical characterization of films. The structure and morphology measurements reveal that deposited material of films is crystalline. The optical band gap estimated from the optical transmission spectra of the film has been found 1.90 eV. The mean values of refractive index, extinction coefficient, real and imaginary dielectric constant are received 3.035, 0.594, 9.623, and 3.598, respectively. The obtained results are compared and analyzed for justification and application of Cu2Se thin films.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

22

Muzakir, Saifful Kamaluddin, and Bassam Khaleed Balkhair Almashgari. "The Effect of Vacuum Pressure During Fabrication of Zinc Sulphide Thin Film Using Thermal Evaporator." Current Science and Technology 1, no. 1 (April 28, 2021): 26–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.15282/cst.v1i1.6396.

Full text

Abstract:

Zinc sulphide is a remarkable semiconductor material, with its highly demanded optical, electrical properties and its availability, it is used in the field of photovoltaic applications. The objectives are to investigate the effect of vacuum pressure on the glass substrate and the study different cluster models based on its crystal size. The ZnS thin films were fabricated using a thermal evaporator at the pressure of 10-5 Torr, 10-6 Torr, and 10-7 Torr. Four different size cluster models have been characterized theoretically. Each model was built based on the size of crystal structures, optimized to the lowest energy level, and evaluated as realistic clusters. The structural and optical properties of the thin films were studied using X-ray diffractometry, absorption, and photoluminescence spectroscopy respectively. Significant differences were observed in the crystal structure and optical properties of fabricated MoS2 thin films at different pressures.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

23

Sroka, Zbigniew, Iwona Kuta, Wojciech Cisowski, and Andrzej Dryś. "Antiradical Activity of Hydrolyzed and Non-hydrolyzed Extracts from Helichrysi inflorescentia and its Phenolic Contents." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C 59, no. 5-6 (June 1, 2004): 363–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znc-2004-5-613.

Full text

Abstract:

A methanol extract was obtained from defatted (petroleum ether) inflorescence of Helichrysum arenarium (L.) Moench (perennial herb native to Middle and Southeast Europe). The extract was evaporated under reduced pressure and the dry residue was dissolved in hot water. The aqueous solution was stored for 6 d at 4 °C and the precipitate discarded. The remaining solution was divided into three aliquots a, b and c. Part a was extracted with ethyl acetate to obtain extract (A), part b was extracted with diethyl ether to obtain extract (B) and part c was subjected to alkaline hydrolysis and then extracted with diethyl ether to obtain extract (C). Extracts (A), (B) and (C) were evaporated under reduced pressure to obtain the dry residues A, B and C which were further investigated for phenolic compound content by TLC and HPLC and for antiradical activity with 2,2-diphenyl- 1-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH•) as a substrate. Residue C exhibited stronger antiradical properties than non-hydrolysed residues A and B. HPLC analysis showed a great increase of caffeic acid in residue C. We concluded that the hydrolysis process led to a significant increase of free caffeic acid (strong antioxidant) concentration resulting in increased antiradical activity of residue C.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

24

Roesky, Herbert W., Mathias Noltemeyer, and George M. Sheldrick. "Synthese und Struktur des Trifluoracetyldicyanomethanids." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 40, no. 7 (July 1, 1985): 883–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-1985-0706.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract A suspension of NaCN in CH3CN was treated with excess of C2F4. The resulting red solution was evaporated to dryness and a red amorphous solid remained. One part of this solid was dissolved in water and a solution of Ph4AsCl was added. During the work-up procedure two salts were isolated, yellow [Ph4As+][CF3C(O)C(CN)2-] 1a and red [Ph4As+][(NC)2CC(CN)C(F)NC(CN)2-] 2a. The products were characterized on the basis of field desorption mass spectroscopy for positive and negative ions, 1a was further characterized by an X-ray single crystal investigation.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

25

Cherif, Mohamed Ahmed, Amina Labiod, Damien Barakel, Saad Touihri, and Philippe Torchio. "Tailored ZnS/Ag/TiOx transparent and conductive electrode for organic solar cells." EPJ Photovoltaics 10 (2019): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjpv/2019004.

Full text

Abstract:

Organic photovoltaic cells (OPVCs) attract high interest for solar energy harvesting. They are based on organic thin films sandwiched between two electrodes, one of them being transparent and conductive. Nowadays, ITO remains the most widely used transparent conductive electrode (TCE) because of its excellent optical and electrical properties compared to other TCEs. However, it has some drawbacks such as scarcity of indium, high fabrication cost, and mechanical properties poorly adapted to use as flexible substrates. To keep these performances without indium, several materials can replace ITO such as MoO3, ZnO, ZnS, TiO2,… as dielectric and Ag, Cu,... as metal inside a dielectric/metal/dielectric three-layer structure. A Transfer Matrix Method (TMM) based numerical model is used to predict the optical behavior of the considered electrodes. ZnS/Ag/TiOx electrodes are manufactured by a vacuum electron beam evaporator on glass substrates, then characterized by UV-Visible spectrophotometer for obtaining transmittance and reflectance and by a four-point method for the measurement of sheet resistance. It is found that the simulation and experimental curves are quite similar. The transmittance is measured to be higher than 80% on a wide spectral band that can be tailored by the thickness of the upper dielectric material. The optical window Δλ, for T > 80%, can be tuned in the 400–800 nm spectral band, according to the thickness of TiOx in the 25–50 nm range. This variation allows us to adapt our electrode to organic materials in order to optimize the performance of organic solar cells. The sheet resistance obtained is around to 7 Ω/sq, which gives our electrodes the transparent and conductive character simultaneously. A typical parameter to compare the electrodes is the merit figure, which questions the average optical transmission T av in the visible range and the sheet resistance R sq. By applying this figure to many manufactured electrodes, the obtained optimal structure of our TCEs is demonstrated to be ZnS (40 nm)/Ag (10 nm)/TiOx (30 nm).

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

26

Hahn, Josef, Petra Schmidt, Klaus Reinartz, Jörg Behrend, Gisbert Winnewisser, and Koichi M. T. Yamada. "Synthesis and Molecular Structure of Disulfane." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 46, no. 10 (October 1, 1991): 1338–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-1991-1011.

Full text

Abstract:

The synthesis and structure of disulfane are presented. Pure disulfane, H2S2, has been obtained by the cracking distillation of raw sulfane mixtures in a rotary evaporator, thus substituting the classical cracking column for the rotating flask of the evaporator. Pure, gaseous dideuterodisulfane could be generated by the solvolysis of bis(methyldiphenylsilyl)disulfane, (MePh2Si)2S2, with D2O in the presence of trichloroacetic acid as stabilizing agent. Partially deuterated disulfane has been prepared by H,D exchange between pure H2S2 and DCl. For the first time the molecular structure of HSSH has been determined based solely on microwave spectroscopy with the following parameters: r(SS) = 2.0564 A, r(SH) = 1.3421 A, dihedral angle γ = 90.34°, and <(SSH) = 97.88°.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

27

Wang, S., G. Li, H. Li, and N. Getoff. "Characteristics of Photoelectrochemical Cells Based on n/n+-Si and p/n+-Si Photoanodes Modified by Metal Films." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A 45, no. 5 (May 1, 1990): 695–701. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zna-1990-0517.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract Photoelectrochemical cells (PECs), composed of different epitaxial n-Si photoanodes coated with evaporated metal film of Ni, Pt, Ni/Pt and immersed in solution with redox couple Br2/Br- or Fe(NC)36Fe(CN)46- were investigated. The open circuit photovoltage and short circuit curent density of these PECs under optimum conditions by illuminating with a bromine-tungsten lamp (65 mW/cm2), are 0.494 V and 45.8 mA/cm2, respectively. By using a p/n+ junction for the epitaxial silicon and the Schottky barrier effect formed at the silicon-metal interface, a much higher conversion efficiency of optical to electrical energy up to 12.3% could be achieved

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

28

Reckeweg, Olaf, Armin Schulz, and Francis J. DiSalvo. "Syntheses, single-crystal structure determination, and Raman spectra of Rb[C(CN)3] and Cs[C(CN)3]." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 70, no. 2 (February 1, 2015): 151–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-2014-0241.

Full text

Abstract:

AbstractExtracting residues of an aqueous solutions containing equimolar amounts of K[C(CN)3] and RbF or CsF, respectively, with absolute ethanol, yields triangular, transparent colorless crystals of Rb[C(CN)3] and Cs[C(CN)3] after the ethanol was allowed to evaporate. The compounds are isotypic and crystallize isopointal to calcite in space group R3̅c (no. 167) with the cell parameters a=809.9(1) and c=1461.3(3) pm and a=843.29(9) and c=1459.9(2) pm, respectively. Single crystals were used to record the Raman spectra of the title compounds.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

29

Kadhim, Arej, Mustafa Kadhim, and Haslan Abu Hassan. "Effect of Cd Substitution on Structural and Optical Properties of Zn_1-xCd_xSe Thin Films." Materials Science Forum 1039 (July 20, 2021): 382–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.1039.382.

Full text

Abstract:

In this research, Zn1-xCdxSe alloys (x from 0 to 1) were synthesized by solid-state microwave (SSM) method of producing thermally evaporated thin films. The cubic structure and the elemental ratios of the films were studied using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The optical characterizations of the as-deposited film in terms of the energy band gap (Eg), photoluminescence (PL), and Raman shift spectra were conducted at the room temperature. The Eg values for the thin films from ZnSe to CdSe were 3.4 to 1.7 eV, respectively. The PL orange emission for ZnSe thin film at 565 nm, whereas 590 nm in the yellow region for CdSe thin film. From Raman shift spectra, the two longitudinal-optical phonon modes (1LO and 2LO) at 240, and 490 cm-1 are assigned for the ZnSe and CdSe thin films.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

30

El-Koramy, Reda A., and Abd El-Halim A. Turky. "Profiles of Pressure Broadened Spectral Lines in an Arc Plasma." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A 60, no. 10 (October 1, 2005): 727–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zna-2005-1006.

Full text

Abstract:

Spectral analysis of the alkali metals is characterized by pressure profiles. In the present work an electric arc has been used to calibrate the half-width of the intensity used in the construction of the ArI natural line at 4300 Å with a trace of evaporated rubidium at pressures of 1, 2 and 3 atmospheres. The results agree well with those obtained by Kusch’s line absorption equation in an electric furnace in the point of view of impact approximation, showing that the widths of the lines have Lorentz shapes. It is found that a simple treatment can be given using the quasi-static approximation of pressure broadening developed by Unsöld. The agreement of the results is good only if the shifts are large. The study shows that the pressure line profile is made up of a sum of dispersion profiles and asymmetric terms which arise from interactions of quadratic Stark effect, commonly assumed to be the force in causing foreign gas broadening

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

31

Sroka, Zbigniew, Wojciech Cisowski, Magdalena Seredyńska, and Maria Łuczkiewicz. "Phenolic Extracts from Meadowsweet and Hawthorn Flowers Have Antioxidative Properties." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C 56, no. 9-10 (October 1, 2001): 739–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znc-2001-9-1012.

Full text

Abstract:

AbstractFrom the flowers of meadowsweet and inflorescence of hawthorn the whole set of phenolic acids and flavonoids was analysed by TLC . Phenolic compounds were determined both as free ones and those liberated by hydrolysis. Moreover, ethyl ether and ethyl acetate extracts obtained from the analysed plants before and after alkaline and enzymatic hydrolyses were evaporated under reduced pressure and residues were analysed for their antioxidative properties. The weakest antioxidative activity was observed with the remaining residue after evaporation of ethyl ether extract obtained from enzymatically (β-glucosidase) hydrolysed hawthorn inflorescence water extract. The strongest antioxidative activity was noticed with the remaining residues after evaporation of ethyl ether extracts obtained from non-hydrolysed and hydrolysed in alkaline conditions of meadowsweet flower water extracts.The residues from meadowsweet flowers exhibited stronger antioxidative properties than residues obtained from hawthorn inflorescence and can be recommended as margarine preservatives.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

32

Reckeweg, Olaf, Ryo H. Wakabayashi, Francis J. DiSalvo, Armin Schulz, Christof Schneck, and Thomas Schleid. "About alkali metal dicyanamides: syntheses, single-crystal structure determination, DSC/TG and vibrational spectra of KCs[N(CN)2]2 and NaRb2[N(CN)2]3 · H2O." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 70, no. 6 (June 1, 2015): 365–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-2015-0056.

Full text

Abstract:

AbstractTransparent colorless crystals of KCs[N(CN)2]2 and NaRb2[N(CN)2]3 · H2O were obtained by blending aqueous solutions of Na[N(CN)2] and RbF or KF, respectively. After evaporation of the water, the remaining solid was extracted with absolute ethanol and the solvent was allowed to evaporate at r. t.. KCs[N(CN)2]2 crystallizes in the space group C2/c (no. 15) with the cell parameters a = 1382.7(2), b = 998.1(1) and c = 1455.4(2) pm, and β = 118.085(4) °. The structure of NaRb2[N(CN)2]3 · H2O is exhibiting the space group P63/m (no. 176) with the cell parameters a = 705.98(7) and c = 1462.89(12) pm. Single-crystalline α-K[N(CN)2] was obtained while attempting to synthesize ‘NaK2[N(CN)2]3’, corroborating the results of previous X-ray powder diffraction experiments. Vibrational spectra and DSC/TGA analyses complete our results.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

33

Lazic, Dragica, Jelena Skundric, Ljubica Vasiljevic, Slavica Sladojevic, and Dragana Blagojevic. "Characterization of mineral water from Vitinicki Kiseljak and kozluk springs." Chemical Industry 65, no. 3 (2011): 263–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/hemind101220017l.

Full text

Abstract:

The aim of this study was to determine the quality of the mineral water from Vitinicki Kiseljak (Nos. 1 to 9, except No. 3) and Kozluk springs that are located near the town of Zvornik in the northwestern Republic of Srpska, BIH. The results were compared with those presented in previous reaserches in order to determine if the water quality has changed and if the water is still suitable for therapeutic purposes. The physicochemical (temperature, odor, pH value, total hardness, electro-conductivity, evaporated residue, suspended materials, chemical consumption of oxygen and KMnO4) and chemical (Fe2+, Mg2+, Mn2+,Zn2+, K+, Ca2+, Cu2+, Al3+, HCO3-, Cl-, CO32-, SiO2, SO42- and S2-) characteristics were analyzed. The obtained results showed that the waters could be classified as hydrocarbonate-sodium-chloride with the mineralization of 2450-5830 mg/dm3. It can also be concluded that the waters are rich in calcium, magnesium and iron, as well as that those are acidic waters due to the presence of free carbon dioxide. In the samples from Kozluk and Kiseljak No. 2 springs oxygen-sulphide is present as well. The ideal ratio of the minerals in these waters is suitable for therapeutical purposes.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

34

Kuruuzum-Uz, Ayse, Halis Suleyman, Elif Cadirci, Zuhal Guvenalp, and L. Omur Demirezer. "Investigation on Anti-Inflammatory and Antiulcer Activities of Anchusa azurea Extracts and their Major Constituent Rosmarinic Acid." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C 67, no. 7-8 (August 1, 2012): 360–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znc-2012-7-802.

Full text

Abstract:

This study investigated the anti-inflammatory and antiulcer activities of different extracts from the aerial parts and the roots of Anchusa azurea Miller var. azurea (Boraginaceae), as well as their major constituent, rosmarinic acid. The extracts were water (AWa, RWa) and methanol (AMe, RMe) extracts prepared from the aerial parts and the roots of A. azurea, respectively. The AMe extract was found to exert anti-inflammatory effects; so it was evaporated to dryness and the residue was dissolved in distilled water (AMeWa) and then further fractionated with n-hexane (AMeHe) and n-butanol (AMeBu). Anti-inflammatory activity was investigated in rats using carrageenan-induced acute inflammation, and antiulcer activity was investigated using indomethacin-induced gastric damage. The methanolic extract from the aerial parts, its n-butanol fraction, and rosmarinic acid, which was isolated from the n-butanol fraction of the AMe extract, showed signifi cant dose-dependent antiinflammatory activity. During the acute phase of inflammation, the anti-inflammatory activity of rosmarinic acid was comparable to that of ibuprofen. No antiulcer activity was observed. The experimental data demonstrate that A. azurea Miller var. azurea and rosmarinic acid display significant anti-inflammatory activity.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

35

Djeniže, Stevan, Aleksandar Srećković, Srdjan Bukvić, and Nikola Vitas. "The Ag I and Au I Resonance Line Broadening in Helium Plasma." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A 61, no. 9 (September 1, 2006): 491–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zna-2006-0907.

Full text

Abstract:

The shapes and shifts of the resonance spectral lines of neutral silver (Ag I: 328.068 and 338.289 nm) and gold (Au I: 242.795 and 267.595 nm) have been measured in a laboratory helium plasma of about 18,500 K electron temperature and an electron density ranging between 0.78 · 1023 and 1.24 · 1023 m−3. Stark broadening has been found as the dominant mechanism of the line shape and position formation. Our measured Ag I and Au I resonance line Stark widths (W) and shifts (d) are the first reliable experimental data. They are compared with calculated single Ag I and Au IW and d data based on a semiclassical approach. The measured values are higher than the calculated ones, especially of the Au I resonance lines. Besides, we have calculated the hyperfine structure (hfs) components and their relative intensities of the mentioned Ag I and Au I lines. Strong asymmetry between the red and blue components of the hfs was found. A modified version of the linear, low-pressure, pulsed arc was used as plasma source operated in helium with silver and gold atoms as impurities, evaporated from silver and gold cylindrical plates located in the homogeneous part of the discharge providing conditions free of self-absorption. At the above mentioned helium plasma conditions the splitting in the hyperfine structure (Δhfs) of the Ag I and Au I resonance lines has been overpowered by Stark and Doppler broadenings. We estimate that at electron densities below 1020 m−3 and electron temperatures below 10,000 K the hfs components in the 267.595 nm and 242.795 nm Au I lines play an important role in the line shape formation, and the resulting line profiles can be used for temperature estimation in optically thin plasmas

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

36

Somer, M., W. Hönle, and H. G. von Schnering. "Darstellung, Kristallstruktur und Schwingungsspektren von Cs3As7 und Cs3(NH3)As7/Syntheses, Crystal Structure and Vibrational Spectra of Cs3As7 and Cs3(NH3)As7." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 44, no. 3 (March 1, 1989): 296–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-1989-0310.

Full text

Abstract:

Cs3As7, a compound with cage-like As73- anions, has been prepared from the elements in sealed quartz ampoules at 820 K. The ruby-red compound undergoes a first order phase transition at 640 K and is obtained as microcrystalline samples. The structure of the low-temperature α-modification is not known, but β-Cs3As7 belongs to the plastically crystalline β-Rb3P7 type of structure (F m 3̄ m , a (673 K) = 1169,2(1) pm). Cs3As7 melts under its own vapour pressure at 1061 K, and is easily soluble in liquid ammonia. From those solutions ruby red crystals of Cs3(NH3)As7 precipitate. In dynamical vacuum NH3 is evaporated in the region of 300 to 520 K, resulting in Cs3As7. Cs3(NH3)As7 crystallizes in the space group P21/a (a = 2759.0(12) pm, b = 744.1(3) pm, c = 751.5(3) pm, β = 90.16(5)°; Z = 4). The structure is closely related to the plastically crystalline β-Rb3P7 type structure (Li3Bi variant). The heptaarsanortricyclene anion is coordinated by cesium atoms, connecting the anions to a three dimensional arrangement. The anion exhibits a differentiation of As - As bond lengths typical for ionic nortricyclenes (d(basis) = 251.2 pm; d(basis-bridge) = 235.5 pm; d(bridge-bridgehead) = 240.1 pm). The distances Cs to As are in the range 372 to 401 pm. The cesium atoms are surrounded by three resp. four As atoms and the NH3 molecules. The FIR and Raman spectra are given for different temperatures as well as of an en-solution of Cs3(NH3)As7. The valence vibrations of NH3 are found at 3175 (A1) and 3320 cm-1 (E ). The fundamental vibrations of the three-membered ring of different heteronortricyclenes with P and As are compared and yield a correlation factor χ = 0.57(1) for the observed frequencies between P3 and As3. The band gaps EG are determined from the diffuse reflexion at 2.14 eV for Cs3(NH3)As7 and 2.00 eV for Cs3As7.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

37

Ringwood, A. E. "The Earth-Moon Connection." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A 44, no. 10 (October 1, 1989): 891–923. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zna-1989-1004.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract The early thermal state of the Earth provides important constraints on hypotheses relating to its origin and its connection with the Moon. The currently popular giant impact hypothesis of lunar origin requires the Earth’s mantle to have been completely melted during the impact. Differentiation of a molten mantle would have produced strong chemical and mineralogical stratification, causing the mantle to become gravitationally stable and resistant to convective rehomogenization. The resulting composition and mineralogy of the upper mantle and primitive crust would have been dramatically different from those which have existed during the past 3.8 b. y. It is concluded that the Earth’s mantle was not extensively melted at the conclusion of accretion of the planet and therefore the hypothesis that the Moon was formed by the impact of a martian-sized planetesimal on the proto-Earth is probably incorrect. Nevertheless, a wide range of geochemical evidence demonstrates the existence of a close genetic relationship between the Moon and the Earth’s mantle. The key evidence relates to the processes of core formation in planetary bodies and resultant abundance patterns of siderophile elements which remain in their silicate mantles. Because of the complexity of the core formation process within a given body and the multiplicity of chemical and physical processes involved, the mantle siderophile signature is expected to be a unique characteristic. Thus, the siderophile signatures of Mars and of the eucrite parent body are quite distinct from that of the Earth’s mantle. Lunar siderophile geochemistry is reviewed in detail. It is demonstrated that a large group of siderophile elements display similar abundances in the terrestrial and lunar mantles. The similarity implies that a major proportion of the material now in the Moon was derived from the Earth’s mantle after core formation. This implication, however, does not require that the bulk compositions of the lunar and terrestrial mantles should be essentially identical, as is often assumed. Factors which may contribute to significant compositional differences between the two bodies within the context of a close genetic relationship are reviewed. The most promising mechanism for removing terrestrial material from the Earth’s mantle arises from the impacts of a number of large (0.001 to 0.01 ME) but not giant (≥ 0.1 ME) planetesimals after core formation and at the terminal stage of the Earth’s accretion. These impacts evaporated several times their own masses of mantle material and shock-melted considerably more. However, they did not lead to complete or extensive (e.g. > 50%) melting of the entire mantle. Impact-generated clouds of shock-melted spray and vapours were accelerated to high velocities in the presence of a primitive terrestrial atmosphere that co-rotated with the Earth. This provided an effective means of transferring angular momentum from the Earth to the ejected material which condensed to form a ring of Earth-orbiting planetesimals and moonlets. The Moon was formed by coagulation from material derived from the outer regions of this ring. Accretion of the Earth in the presence of the gases of the solar nebula and the co-rotating primitive terrestrial atmosphere may also have provided a mechanism for generating the rapid prograde spin of the proto-Earth.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

38

Barrioz, Vincent, Stuart J. C. Irvine, and D. Paul. "In Situ Thin Film Stress Measurements – A Path to Understanding the Structure and Morphology of Electron Beam Evaporated ZnS." MRS Proceedings 749 (2002). http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/proc-749-w10.8.

Full text

Abstract:

ABSTRACTZnS is a material of choice in the optical coating industry for its optical properties and broad transparency range. One of the drawbacks of ZnS is that it develops high compressive intrinsic stress resulting in large residual stress in the deposited layer. This paper concentrates on the evolution of residual stress reduction in ZnS single layers, depending upon their deposition rate or the substrate temperature during deposition (i.e. 22 °C and 133 °C). The substrate preparation is addressed for consideration of layer adhesion. Residual stress of up to − 550 MPa has been observed in amorphous/poor polycrystalline ZnS layers, deposited on CMX and Float glass type substrates, by electron beam evaporation at 22 °C, with a surface roughness between 0.4 and 0.8 nm. At 133 °C, the layer had a surface roughness of 1 nm, the residual stress in the layer decreased to − 150 MPa, developing a wurtzite structure with a (002) preferred orientation. In situ stress measurements, using a novel optical approach with a laser-fibre system, were carried out to identify the various sources of stress. A description of this novel in situ stress monitor and its advantages are outlined. The residual stress values were supported by two ex situ stress techniques. The surface morphology analysis of the ZnS layers was carried out using an atomic force microscope (AFM), and showed that stress reduced layers actually gave rougher surfaces.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

39

THEIS, D., and R. WENGERT. "ChemInform Abstract: Cathodoluminescent Properties of Evaporated ZnS :Mn Films in the 2-6 kV Acceleration Voltage Range." Chemischer Informationsdienst 17, no. 3 (January 21, 1986). http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.198603005.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

40

"98/03105 Effect of substrate heating on the adhesion and humidity resistance of evaporated MgF2/ZnS antireflection coatings and on the performance of high-efficiency silicon solar cells." Fuel and Energy Abstracts 39, no. 4 (July 1998): 287. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6701(98)96630-9.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

41

Rajakarunanayake, Y., Y. Luo, B. T. Adkins, and A. Compaan. "Growth of ZnSe Epitaxial Layers and ZnSe/ZnS Superlattices by Pulsed Laser Deposition." MRS Proceedings 285 (January 1, 1992). http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/proc-285-477.

Full text

Abstract:

ABSTRACTWe report the successful growth of ZnSe and ZnSe/ZnS superlattices on GaAs by pulsed laser deposition. An XeCl excimer laser operated at 308 nm was used to ablate/evaporate Il-VI bulk targets in an ultra high vacuum enclosure. For typical growth temperatures in the range 350°–450°C we obtained epitaxial layers with excellent optical properties. The laser power and fluence were varied to produce growth rates in the range 0.1–1 Å/pulse. The photoluminescence of the pulsed laser deposited ZnSe layers showed dominant bound and free exciton features. The superlattice samples showed large blue shifts (∼400 meV) in the photoluminescence as the layer thicknesses were varied. These results are consistent with strong quantum confinement of the heavy holes in the ZnSe layers (valence band offset for ZnSe/ZnS ∼ 850±100 meV), while the electrons are not confined to either layer because of very small conduction band offsets Strong exciton photoluminescence exhibited by our samples indicates that pulsed laser deposition is a promising growth technique for the fabrication of iI-VI epitaxial layers and strained layer superlattices for visible light emitter applications.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

42

Swain, P. K., H. K. Sehgal, and D. Misra. "Structural and Electrical Properties of Hgx Zn1−x S Thin Films Prepared by Flash Evaporation Technique." MRS Proceedings 441 (1996). http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/proc-441-229.

Full text

Abstract:

AbstractElectron diffraction investigations carried out on flash evaporated mercury zinc sulphide films with mercury concentration ( atomic percentage, x ) in the range 0.16 ≤ x ≤ 0.84 grown on freshly cleaved single crystal KCl substrates maintained at temperatures (Ts) between 65°C and 225°C indicate the films grow as single phase ternary alloy films with b.c.c. structure. Presence of a single phase alloy of the type HgxZn1−xS in the films is corroborated by a single absorption edge observed in the optical absorption measurements. The lattice parameter varies between 5.26Å and 4.52 Å as ‘x’ is varied between 0.16 and 0.84. The lattice parameter is observed to decrease slightly with increase of Ts for all compositions. The average grain size is observed to increase between 0.020 microns and 0.058 microns with increase of Ts in all films. Results of room temperature d.c. resistivity measurements show the resistivity to decrease with increase in mercury concentration ‘x’ in the films at a given Ts; ( for ‘fs=225°C, ρ(x=0.16) = 100.6 Ω-cm and ρ(x=0.84) = 10−0.4 Ω-cm ). The resistivity of films with a particular mercury concentration is, however, observed to increase with increase in the substrate temperature; ( for x=0.84 film, typical resistivity values are, ρ(Ts = 65 C) =10−2 Ω-cm and ρ(Ts = 225 C) = 10−0.4 Ω-cm). The observed resistive behavior of the films hints towards predominant grain boundary conduction in the films.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

We offer discounts on all premium plans for authors whose works are included in thematic literature selections. Contact us to get a unique promo code!