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Journal articles on the topic 'Evaporation of Fuel Droplet'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 10 February 2022

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1

Ma, Yu Po, Xiang Rong Li, Xiang Yuan Wang, and Fu Shui Liu. "An Experimental Study on Diesel Fuel Droplets Coupling Evaporation." Advanced Materials Research 383-390 (November 2011): 3068–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.383-390.3068.

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With the continuous improvement of power density,in the process of diesel fuel evaporation in cylinder, the interaction between droplets continues to grow. In order to study the mutual influence in the process of droplets evaporation, the evaporation phenomenas of single droplet, double-droplet and multi-droplet were studied experimentally in this paper. Firstly the influence of background temperature on single droplet evaporation rate was contrasted to verify the reasonableness of the experimental system. And then the influence of number of droplets and distance between droplets was compared

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2

Raza, Ali, Hassan Mehboob, Sajjad Miran, Waseem Arif, and Syed Farukh Javaid Rizvi. "Investigation on the Characteristics of Biodiesel Droplets in the Engine Cylinder." Energies 13, no. 14 (2020): 3637. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13143637.

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The world is moving towards renewable energy sources rapidly and, at present, fossil fuels are reducing day by day. In this scenario, biofuels have become an attractive alternative to conventional diesel fuels. In the present work, the vaporization of Thumba biodiesel is numerically modeled using the finite volume-based approach in ANSYS Fluent and the results are compared with diesel fuel. Evaporation of fuels is governed by the conservation equations of energy, momentum, and mass. Owing to high temperature and pressure conditions, turbulence is present in the engine cylinder. To account for

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3

Schmidt, David J., William Kvasnak, and Goodarz Ahmadi. "A Model for Fuel Spray Formation with Atomizing Air." Fluids 4, no. 1 (2019): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fluids4010020.

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The formation of a liquid spray emanating from a nozzle in the presence of atomizing air was studied using a computational model approach that accounted for the deformation and break up of droplets. Particular attention was given to the formation of sprays under non-swirling flow conditions. The instantaneous fluctuating fluid velocity and velocity gradient components were evaluated with the use of a probability density function (PDF)-based Langevin equation. Motions of atomized fuel droplets were analyzed, and ensemble and time averaging were used for evaluating the statistical properties of

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4

Feng, Song Jiang, Hao Bo He, Xue Liu, Bo He, and Wan Sheng Nie. "Investigation of the Evaporation Processes of Gel Propellant Droplets." Advanced Materials Research 146-147 (October 2010): 753–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.146-147.753.

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Due to their high-performance and improved safety, gel propellants can be used in various boost motors and large launchers. The evaporation and combustion characteristics of gel propellants are the foundation for the gel-engine design. Especially, it is basal and important to study the gel droplet evaporation process. In this paper, the gel droplet evaporation model is developed to simulate the gel droplet evaporation process at first. Then the experiments to record the gel droplet evaporation process are conducted. During the droplet evaporation process, the decreased velocity of the droplet

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5

Mukhopadhyay, Achintya, and Dipankar Sanyal. "A Semi-Analytical Model for Evaporating Fuel Droplets." Journal of Heat Transfer 127, no. 2 (2005): 199–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1842791.

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An algorithm for solution of a model for heating and evaporation of a fuel droplet has been developed. The objective of the work is to develop a computationally economic solution module for simulating droplet evaporation that can be incorporated in spray combustion CFD model that handles a large number of droplets. The liquid-phase transient diffusive equation has been solved semi-analytically, which involves a spatially closed-form and temporally discretized solution procedure. The model takes into account droplet surface regression, nonunity gas-phase Lewis number and variation of latent hea

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6

Ra, Y., and R. D. Reitz. "The application of a multicomponent droplet vaporization model to gasoline direct injection engines." International Journal of Engine Research 4, no. 3 (2003): 193–218. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/146808703322223388.

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A model for unsteady droplet vaporization is presented that considers the droplet temperature range from flash-boiling conditions to normal evaporation. The theory of continuous thermodynamics was used to model the properties and compositions of multicomponent fuels such as gasoline. In order to model the change of evaporation rate from normal to boiling conditions more realistically, an unsteady internal heat flux model and a new model for the determination of the droplet surface temperature are proposed. An explicit form of the equation to determine the heat flux from the surrounding gas mix

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7

Ni, Pei Yong, and Xiang Li Wang. "Variation of Sauter Mean Diameter of Droplets of Gasoline Engine Intake Port during Cold Start." Advanced Materials Research 433-440 (January 2012): 6390–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.433-440.6390.

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The reduction of sauter mean diameter (SMD) of droplets means the percent of the evaporated fuel, which is important to the formation of the combustible mixture in a port-injection gasoline engine during cold-start. Three-dimensional numerical simulation of SMD of the droplets in the inlet port of a gasoline engine was employed using the CFD software. This paper presented the effect of multi-parameters on SMD of the droplets including initial droplet velocity, intake temperature, fuel temperature, injection timing and engine speed. The simulation results show that the most influential paramete

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8

Ra, Youngchul, and Rolf D. Feitz. "A Model for Droplet Vaporization for Use in Gasoline and HCCI Engine Applications." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 126, no. 2 (2004): 422–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1688367.

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A model for unsteady droplet vaporization is presented that considers the droplet temperature range from flash-boiling conditions to normal evaporation. The theory of continuous thermodynamics was used to model the properties and compositions of multicomponent fuels such as gasoline. In order to model the change of evaporation rate from normal to boiling conditions more realistically, an unsteady internal heat flux model and a new model for the determination of the droplet surface temperature is proposed. An explicit form of the equation to determine the heat flux from the surrounding gas mixt

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9

Zhu, G. S., and S. K. Aggarwal. "Fuel Droplet Evaporation in a Supercritical Environment." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 124, no. 4 (2002): 762–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1385198.

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This paper reports a numerical investigation of the transcritical droplet vaporization phenomena. The simulation is based on the time-dependent conservation equations for liquid and gas phases, pressure-dependent variable thermophysical properties, and a detailed treatment of liquid-vapor phase equilibrium at the droplet surface. The numerical solution of the two-phase equations employs an arbitrary Eulerian-Lagrangian, explicit-implicit method with a dynamically adaptive mesh. Three different equations of state (EOS), namely the Redlich-Kwong (RK), the Peng-Robinson (PR), and Soave-Redlich-Kw

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10

Ghiaasiaan, S. M. "Thermal-Hydraulics of OC-OTEC Spout Flash Evaporators." Journal of Energy Resources Technology 114, no. 3 (1992): 187–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2905940.

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A mechanistic model was developed for the thermal-hydraulic processes in the spout flash evaporator of an OC-OTEC plant. Nonequilibrium, two-fluid, conservation equations were solved for the two-phase flow in the spout, accounting for evaporation at the gas-liquid interface, and using a two-phase flow regime map consisting of bubbly, churn-turbulent and dispersed droplet flow patterns. Solution of the two-phase conservation equations provided the flow conditions at the spout exit, which were used in modeling the fluid mechanics and heat transfer in the evaporator, where the liquid was assumed

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11

Xu, Xiaochun, Romain Privat, Jean-Noël Jaubert, Yongfeng Qu, and Marc Bonnissel. "Modelling of multi-component droplet evaporation under cryogenic conditions." Oil & Gas Science and Technology – Revue d’IFP Energies nouvelles 75 (2020): 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.2516/ogst/2020074.

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The vaporization of drops of highly vaporizable liquids falling inside a cryogenic environment is far from being a trivial matter as it assumes harnessing specialized thermodynamics and physical equations. In this paper, a multi-component falling droplet evaporation model was developed for simulating the spray cooling process. The falling speed of the sprayed droplets was calculated with the momentum equations considering three forces (gravity, buoyancy and drag) applied to a droplet. To evaluate the mass and heat transfer between the sprayed droplet and the surrounding gas phase, a gaseous bo

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12

Kabil, Islam, Mansour Al Qubeissi, Jihad Badra, et al. "An Improved Prediction of Pre-Combustion Processes, Using the Discrete Multicomponent Model." Sustainability 13, no. 5 (2021): 2937. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13052937.

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An improved heating and evaporation model of fuel droplets is implemented into the commercial Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) software CONVERGE for the simulation of sprays. The analytical solutions to the heat conduction and species diffusion equations in the liquid phase for each time step are coded via user-defined functions (UDF) into the software. The customized version of CONVERGE is validated against measurements for a single droplet of n-heptane and n-decane mixture. It is shown that the new heating and evaporation model better agrees with the experimental data than those predicted

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13

Liu, Ze Jun, Zhen He, Xiao Ping Hu, and Jian Jun Wu. "Numerical Simulation of Combustion for Freely Falling Gelled Fuel Droplets under Normal Gravity Conditions." Applied Mechanics and Materials 229-231 (November 2012): 2106–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.229-231.2106.

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Understanding the evaporation and combustion mechanisms of single droplets of gel propellant is the first stage to predict the burning characteristics in the combustion chamber. This paper, taking into account convection heat for freely falling gelled fuel droplets under normal gravity conditions, as well unsteady mass diffusion and thermal diffusion inside droplet, a theoretical model was developed to understand mass and heat transport mechanisms, and bubble growth within the gel droplet during processes of droplet combustion. The results show that at the first stage, shrinkage of the radius

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14

Kristyadi, T., V. Deprédurand, G. Castanet, et al. "Monodisperse monocomponent fuel droplet heating and evaporation." Fuel 89, no. 12 (2010): 3995–4001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2010.06.017.

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15

Sankar, S. V., D. H. Buermann, and W. D. Bachalo. "Application of Rainbow Thermometry to the Study of Fuel Droplet Heat-Up and Evaporation Characteristics." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 119, no. 3 (1997): 573–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2817023.

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Advanced, nonintrusive, laser-based diagnostics are being developed for simultaneously measuring the size, velocity, temperature, and instantaneous regression rates of vaporizing/burning fuel droplets in polydisperse flow environments. The size and velocity of the droplets are measured using a conventional phase Doppler particle analyzer (PDPA), and the droplet temperatures are simultaneously measured with a rainbow thermometer. This integrated diagnostic has been applied to the study of fuel droplet heat-up characteristics in a swirl-stabilized kerosene spray flame. It has also been shown tha

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16

Muddapur, Anandteerth, Sahu Srikrishna, and T. Sundararajan. "Spray dynamics simulations for pulsatile injection at different ambient pressure and temperature conditions." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part A: Journal of Power and Energy 234, no. 4 (2019): 500–519. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0957650919864214.

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A numerical study on the transient characteristics of a pulsatile, iso-octane spray issuing from a pressure-swirl atomizer is presented. The effects of system pressure and temperature, as well as the initial fuel temperature on spray dispersion and evaporation, are highlighted. The computations were carried out using ANSYS FLUENT-15.0, assuming the spray dispersion to be axisymmetric. Gas phase turbulence is simulated using the renormalized group k- ε model, while the discrete phase model is used for tracking fuel droplets. The linear instability sheet atomization model is adopted for the prim

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17

Elperin, T., and B. Krasovitov. "Evaporation and Growth of Multicomponent Droplets in Random Dense Clusters." Journal of Heat Transfer 119, no. 2 (1997): 288–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2824222.

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Interaction between evaporating (growing) droplets in binary arrays and large random clusters of droplets of different sizes is analyzed in a quasi-steady approximation using the modified method of expansion into irreducible multipoles. Evaporation and condensation of binary arrays and clusters of droplets (i) composed of volatile components and (ii) composed of a volatile and a nonvolatile component was studied. The analytical and numerical results of the investigation are presented in terms of heat and mass correction factors. Solution of the transient problem is obtained, and the evaporatio

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18

MASHAYEK, FARZAD. "Numerical investigation of reacting droplets in homogeneous shear turbulence." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 405 (February 25, 2000): 1–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022112099007132.

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Numerical simulations are performed of a compressible oxidizer gas laden with fuel droplets. The carrier phase is considered in the Eulerian context and is simulated via direct numerical simulation (DNS). The fuel droplets are tracked in the Lagrangian frame and interactions between the two phases are taken into account in a realistic two-way coupled formulation. It is assumed that combustion takes place in the vapour phase, resulting in a ‘homogeneous’ reaction described by fuel + oxidizer → products + energy. Several simulations are performed within the configuration of low-Mach-number homog

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19

Huang, Yongcheng, Yaoting Li, Wenjia Zhang, Fansheng Meng, and Zhechen Guo. "3D simulation study on the influence of lubricant oil droplets on pre-ignition in turbocharged DISI engines." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering 232, no. 12 (2017): 1677–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954407017734695.

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A skeletal chemical kinetic model for the simulation of auto-ignition and flame propagation characteristics of primary reference fuel (PRF) was developed. Coupled with this model, 3D simulations were applied to investigate the influence of lubricant oil droplets on pre-ignition in a turbocharged direct-injection spark-ignition (DISI) engine at low-speed high-load operating conditions. First, a simulation study on the influence of a lubricant oil droplet on auto-ignition of gasoline substitute and air mixture was performed in a constant-volume chamber. The results revealed that with an increase

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20

Sazhin, Sergei S. "Advanced models of fuel droplet heating and evaporation." Progress in Energy and Combustion Science 32, no. 2 (2006): 162–214. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pecs.2005.11.001.

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21

Al-Esawi, Nawar, Mansour Al Qubeissi, Reece Whitaker, and Sergei S. Sazhin. "Blended E85–Diesel Fuel Droplet Heating and Evaporation." Energy & Fuels 33, no. 3 (2019): 2477–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.8b03014.

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22

Bussmann, M., and M. Renksizbulut. "Convective evaporation of an extremely volatile fuel droplet." Journal of Thermophysics and Heat Transfer 4, no. 4 (1990): 527–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/3.217.

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23

TSENG, C. C., and R. VISKANTA. "EFFECT OF RADIATION ABSORPTION ON FUEL DROPLET EVAPORATION." Combustion Science and Technology 177, no. 8 (2005): 1511–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00102200590956696.

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24

Nomura, Hiroshi, and Yasushige Ujiie. "Evaporation Behavior of Fuel Droplet at High Pressures." Transactions of the Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers Series B 61, no. 585 (1995): 1834–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/kikaib.61.1834.

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25

Sazhin, S. S., M. Al Qubeissi, R. Kolodnytska, A. E. Elwardany, R. Nasiri, and M. R. Heikal. "Modelling of biodiesel fuel droplet heating and evaporation." Fuel 115 (January 2014): 559–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2013.07.031.

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26

He, Peng, YunQing Li, and LiFeng Zhao. "Evaporation of liquid fuel droplet at supercritical conditions." Science China Technological Sciences 54, no. 2 (2011): 369–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11431-010-4231-x.

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27

Zhao, Peng, Guo Xiu Li, Yu Song Yu, Ye Yuan, and Hong Meng Li. "Comparative Analysis of Gas Phase Models for Fuel Droplet Evaporation in Forced Convection." Advanced Materials Research 516-517 (May 2012): 872–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.516-517.872.

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In this study, mathematical model of fuel droplet evaporation is developed. Basic relationship of gas phase model is proposed by summarizing a large number of droplet evaporation gas phase models. Predictions of gas phase model are compared in forced convection. The results show that: Predictions are strongly dependent on the choice of gas phase models. Predictions of Ranz model and Haywood model are accurate with the experimental results. Evaporation time which is predicted by the gas phase models considering Stefan flow is longer than those without considering Stefan flow. For different gas

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28

Ren, Zhaoxin, Bing Wang, Gaoming Xiang, and Longxi Zheng. "Effect of the multiphase composition in a premixed fuel–air stream on wedge-induced oblique detonation stabilisation." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 846 (May 8, 2018): 411–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2018.289.

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An oblique detonation wave in two-phase kerosene–air mixtures over a wedge is numerically studied for the first time. The features of initiation and stabilisation of the two-phase oblique detonation are emphasised, and they are different from those in previous studies on single-phase gaseous detonation. The gas–droplet reacting flow system is solved by means of a hybrid Eulerian–Lagrangian method. The two-way coupling for the interphase interactions is carefully considered using a particle-in-cell model. For discretisation of the governing equations of the gas phase, a WENO-CU6 scheme (Hu et a

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29

Annamalai, K., W. Ryan, and S. Chandra. "Evaporation of Multicomponent Drop Arrays." Journal of Heat Transfer 115, no. 3 (1993): 707–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2910742.

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The conventional fuels that are used in the field of transportation are primarily composed of two or more components. Each component evaporates, mixes with hot oxidant gases, ignites, and burns. Since evaporation is the precursor of the sequence of events leading to combustion, the evaporation studies on the multi-component drops are essential for determining the governing parameters of spray evaporation. While single-component drop studies have been carried out extensively in the past, very limited literature exists on the multicomponent array evaporation. The present paper deals with the eva

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30

Ren, Zhaoxin, Bing Wang, and Fan Zhang. "Effects of Flow Compressibility on Two-Phase Mixing in Supersonic Droplet-Laden Flows." International Journal of Aerospace Engineering 2020 (December 7, 2020): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8815205.

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This research addresses a numerical analysis on the effects of flow compressibility on the characteristics of droplet dispersion, evaporation, and mixing of fuel and air according to the simulation of the spatially developing supersonic shear flows laden with evaporating n-decane droplets. A sixth-order hybrid WENO numerical scheme is employed for capturing the unsteady wave structures. The influence of inflow convective Mach number ( M c ), representing the high-speed flow compressibility, on the two-phase mixing is analyzed, in which M c is specified from 0.4 to 1.0. It is found that the she

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31

Riza, Abrar, Hansel Hansel, and Harto Tanujaya. "PENGARUH UKURAN ATOMISASI BAHAN BAKAR TERHADAP UNJUK KERJA MOTOR BAKAR." POROS 15, no. 2 (2018): 92. http://dx.doi.org/10.24912/poros.v15i2.1269.

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Abstract: The size of droplet affects the evaporation of the fuel. The greater the size of droplet is also the energy of fuel evaporation. The evaporation energy is directly proportional to the size of the droplet and oxidation must be mixed homogeneously. Mixing conditions in the combustion process affect the rate of combustion. One of the conditions of combustion is the droplet to the vapor. The more perfect the evaporation process the better the combustion process. This study saw the success of combustion due to the size of droplet on the performance. The droplet produced by atomization in

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32

Diddens, Christian, Huanshu Tan, Pengyu Lv, et al. "Evaporating pure, binary and ternary droplets: thermal effects and axial symmetry breaking." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 823 (June 20, 2017): 470–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2017.312.

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The Greek aperitif Ouzo is not only famous for its specific anise-flavoured taste, but also for its ability to turn from a transparent miscible liquid to a milky-white coloured emulsion when water is added. Recently, it has been shown that this so-called Ouzo effect, i.e. the spontaneous emulsification of oil microdroplets, can also be triggered by the preferential evaporation of ethanol in an evaporating sessile Ouzo drop, leading to an amazingly rich drying process with multiple phase transitions (Tan et al., Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA, vol. 113 (31), 2016, pp. 8642–8647). Due to the enhanced

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33

SEGAWA, Daisuke, Shinji NAKAYA, Toshikazu KADOTA, Go AGATA, Dai HARA, and Hiroyuki SUGIHARA. "Effects of Droplet Spacing on Evaporation of a Cluster of 13 Fuel Droplets." TRANSACTIONS OF THE JAPAN SOCIETY FOR AERONAUTICAL AND SPACE SCIENCES, SPACE TECHNOLOGY JAPAN 7, ists26 (2009): Ph_1—Ph_6. http://dx.doi.org/10.2322/tstj.7.ph_1.

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34

Promvongsa, Jantarat, Pumyos Vallikul, Bundit Fungtammasan, Annie Garo, Gerard Grehan, and Sawitree Saengkaew. "Multicomponent fuel droplet evaporation using 1D Global Rainbow Technique." Proceedings of the Combustion Institute 36, no. 2 (2017): 2401–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.proci.2016.08.010.

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35

SAZHIN, S., T. KRISTYADI, W. ABDELGHAFFAR, and M. HEIKAL. "Models for fuel droplet heating and evaporation: Comparative analysis." Fuel 85, no. 12-13 (2006): 1613–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2006.02.012.

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36

Hallmann, M., M. Scheurlen, and S. Wittig. "Computation of Turbulent Evaporating Sprays: Eulerian Versus Lagrangian Approach." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 117, no. 1 (1995): 112–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2812758.

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A new Eulerian model for turbulent evaporating sprays is presented. It comprises droplet heating and evaporation processes by solving separate transport equations for the droplet’s temperature and diameter. A Lagrangian approach, which we have discussed in detail on other occasions, is used in comparing the results of the new method. A comparison with experimental data shows that both approaches are successful in predicting the main features of turbulent evaporating sprays.

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37

Al Qubeissi, M., S. S. Sazhin, C. Crua, J. Turner, and M. R. Heikal. "Modelling of biodiesel fuel droplet heating and evaporation: Effects of fuel composition." Fuel 154 (August 2015): 308–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2015.03.051.

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38

Abarham, Mehdi, and Indrek S. Wichman. "Mono-component fuel droplet evaporation in the presence of background fuel vapor." International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 54, no. 17-18 (2011): 4090–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2011.04.002.

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39

Orlovska, S. G., A. O. Odnostalko, F. F. Karimova, and M. S. Shkoropado. "Research of High-Temperature Heat and Mass Transfer and Kinetics of Phase Transformations during combustion higher alkanes in the air." Фізика і хімія твердого тіла 16, no. 2 (2015): 347–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.15330/pcss.16.2.347-350.

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The paper presents a study of high-temperature heat and mass transfer and combustion kinetics of octadecane particle in room temperature air taking in consideration fuel heating, melting and evaporation. The consecutive stages of droplet combustion are described. Burning rate constants and flame heights are determined for droplets with different initial diameters

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40

Samuel, P., and G. A. Karim. "A Numerical Study of the Unsteady Effects of Droplet Evaporation and Ignition in Homogeneous Environments of Fuel and Air." Journal of Energy Resources Technology 116, no. 3 (1994): 194–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2906443.

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The transient processes of droplet heating, vaporization and ignition in a quiescent heated environment of a homogeneous mixture of air and fuel that is potentially combustible are analyzed. A system of partial differential equations that governs this hybrid diffusional-premixed processes is presented. The equations were solved numerically for an n-heptane droplet vaporizing in a homogeneous environment of methane and air. The effective reaction rate of the oxidation processes was assumed throughout to equal the sum of the reaction rates due to droplet and auxiliary fuels. The gross reaction r

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41

Ashikhmin, Alexander E., Nikita A. Khomutov, Maxim V. Piskunov, and Vyacheslav A. Yanovsky. "Secondary Atomization of a Biodiesel Micro-Emulsion Fuel Droplet Colliding with a Heated Wall." Applied Sciences 10, no. 2 (2020): 685. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10020685.

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Using high-speed video recording, we establish the following regimes of hydrodynamic interaction of a biodiesel micro-emulsion fuel droplet with a heated wall: deposition (including drop spreading and receding), drop hydrodynamic breakup, and rebound. Collision regime maps are plotted using a set of dimensionless criteria: Weber number We = 470–1260, Ohnesorge number Oh = 0.146–0.192, and Reynolds number Re = 25–198. The scenarios of droplet hydrodynamic disintegration are studied for transient and film boiling. We also estimate the disintegration characteristics of a biodiesel micro-emulsion

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42

Zhang, Hongtao, Vasudevan Raghavan, and George Gogos. "Subcritical and Supercritical Droplet Evaporation within a Zero Gravity Environment; On the Discrepancies between Theoretical and Experimental Results." International Journal of Spray and Combustion Dynamics 1, no. 3 (2009): 317–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1260/175682709789141555.

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A comprehensive axisymmetric numerical model has been developed to study high pressure droplet evaporation. In this model, high pressure transient effects, variable thermo-physical properties and inert species solubility in the liquid-phase are considered. First, the axisymmetric model has been utilized to explain the discrepancy between theoretical and experimental results on microgravity droplet evaporation that has been reported in the literature [J.R. Yang and S.C. Wong, Ref. 35]. In addition, this effort led to a thorough validation of the model against the most extensive microgravity exp

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43

Liu, De Song, Hong Fu Qiang, Xue Li Xia, and Guang Wang. "Numerical Simulation of the Two-Phase Turbulent Combustion Flow in the Multicomponent Propellant Rocket Engine." Advanced Materials Research 452-453 (January 2012): 1334–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.452-453.1334.

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The numerical simulation, based on computational fluid dynamics methodology, has been performed to study the two-phase turbulent combustion flow in rocket engine using non-metallized multicomponent propellant. A reduced reaction mechanism is developed for modelling combustion of fuel droplets in the absence of metal. Gas governing equations are two dimensional axisymmetric N-S equations in Eulerian coordinates. The trajectory model is adopted to analyse the droplet-phase including the droplet collision, breakup and evaporation. The gas flow is influenced by the droplets by adding source term t

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44

UMEMURA, Akira, Xin Yu ZHANG, and Toshitaka FUJIWARA. "Numerical simulation of single fuel droplet evaporation in supercritical ambiences." Transactions of the Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers Series B 57, no. 535 (1991): 1108–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/kikaib.57.1108.

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Tolonen, Erik, William L. H. Hallett, and Carlos M. Monreal. "Droplet evaporation behaviour of a liquid fuel from chicken litter." Fuel 139 (January 2015): 26–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2014.08.017.

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Chen, Xiang, E. Khani, and C. P. Chen. "A unified jet fuel surrogate for droplet evaporation and ignition." Fuel 182 (October 2016): 284–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2016.05.114.

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Raghuram, S., and Vasudevan Raghavan. "Thermodynamic Analysis of Evaporation of Levitated Binary and Ternary Liquid Fuel Droplets under Normal Gravity." ISRN Thermodynamics 2012 (July 8, 2012): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.5402/2012/167281.

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The present study presents a thermodynamic model for predicting the vaporization characteristics of binary and ternary hydrocarbon fuel droplets under atmospheric pressure and normal gravity conditions. The model employs activity coefficients based on UNIFAC group contribution method and evaluates the vapor-liquid equilibrium of binary and ternary droplets. The gas-phase properties have been evaluated as a function of temperature and mixture molecular weight. The model has been validated against the experimental data available in literature. The validated model is used to predict the vaporizat

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Wang, Dudou, Hongfu Qiang, and Chao Shi. "A multiphase SPH framework for solving the evaporation and combustion process of droplets." International Journal of Numerical Methods for Heat & Fluid Flow 30, no. 3 (2019): 1547–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/hff-08-2019-0666.

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Purpose This paper aims to introduce a two-dimensional smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) framework for simulating the evaporation and combustion process of fuel droplets. Design/methodology/approach To solve the gas–liquid two-phase flow problem, a multiphase SPH method capable of handling high density-ratio problems is established. Based on the Fourier heat conduction equation and Fick’s law of diffusion, the SPH discrete equations are derived. To effectively characterize the phase transition problem, inspired by volume of fluid method, the concept of liquid phase mass fraction of the SPH

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Khan, Tajwali, and Ihtzaz Qamar. "Factors Affecting Characteristic Length of the Combustion Chamber of Liquid Propellant Rocket Engines." July 2019 38, no. 3 (2019): 729–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.22581/muet1982.1903.16.

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Optimum characteristic length of the combustion chamber of liquid rocket engine is very important to get higher energy from the liquid propellants. Characteristic length is defined by the time required for complete burning of fuel. Combustion reactions are very fast and combustion is evaporation dependent. This paper proposes fuel droplet evaporation model for liquid propellant rocket engine and discusses the factors which can affect the required size of characteristic length of the combustion chamber based on proposed model. The analysis is performed for low temperature combustion chamber. A

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Mi, Meng Long, and Lu Liu. "Motion and Evaporation Characteristics of Ethanol Droplet in High Temperature Nitrogen Environment." Applied Mechanics and Materials 423-426 (September 2013): 2087–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.423-426.2087.

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In order to achieve high efficiency of new fuel engine, a mathematical model based on mass, momentum and energy equations was developed to describe the motion and evaporation characteristics of a single ethanol droplet in high temperature nitrogen environment. By comparing the numerical results with experimental data, the validity of model was confirmed. The relationships of droplet temperature, velocity, size with time and movement distance under different ambient pressures were analyzed. The calculated results indicate that with a higher ambient pressure, the droplet temperature is higher, t

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