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1

Robson, Linda M. "A Demographic Study of Event Planners." Journal of Convention & Event Tourism 12, no. 1 (February 28, 2011): 45–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15470148.2010.547980.

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MacKenzie, Andrew. "Planning for the redevelopment after a fire event." International Journal of Disaster Resilience in the Built Environment 8, no. 4 (September 11, 2017): 344–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijdrbe-03-2016-0008.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the role of planners and designers in supporting residents to negotiate the challenges of rebuilding after wildfire on the urban fringe. The research seeks to understand how planning and design professionals, in providing professional services, comprehend the changing expectations of residents transitioning from emergency to the slow process of achieving a post fire normal state through the project of redesigning their homes. Design/methodology/approach This paper uses semi-structured interviews to examine the role of planners and designers employed to facilitate and assess, or provide design services for residents who rebuilt houses after the 2003 bushfires in Canberra, Australia’s Capital City. Narrative analysis was used to identify emerging themes based on their professional experiences during the redevelopment of the suburb. Findings Case analysis shows that external influences were significant contributing factors in determining the design of houses rebuilt after the fires. The goal for both the designers and residents was to design a more sustainable built form; however, this was not achieved as external social and cultural influences came into the decision-making process. Practical implications The paper provides a different perspective on the competing goals planners and designers face in supporting residents to rebuild after disasters such as wild fires. It highlights the changing nature of the relationship between professionals and community. In particular, the research suggests planners can play an important role as observers and facilitators of long-term change occurring in the years after wildfire. The research provides insights into how planners and building designers may better serve the community by gaining a better understanding of the changing nature of redevelopment over time. Originality/value The research provides a novel approach to understanding the challenges facing planners and building designers working with residents to rebuild houses after wildfire. The paper makes the case for a better understanding of the temporal dynamics and external influences affecting decision making in post disaster redevelopment of homes.
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Ponting, Sandra Sun-Ah. "“I am not a party planner!”: setting a baseline for event planners' professional identity construction before and during COVID-19." Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Insights 4, no. 2 (February 22, 2021): 205–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jhti-09-2020-0164.

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PurposeThe event management (EM) industry has attempted to elevate the professional status of event professionals. Contributing to these efforts, this study explores the professional identity (PID) construction process of event professionals. To facilitate the relevance of the PID construction process before the COVID-19 pandemic, it includes the impact of COVID-19 on event professionals' PID constructions.Design/methodology/approachUsing narrative inquiry as the methodological approach, the study includes 18 semistructured interviews with event professionals before COVID-19 and additional 14 interviews during COVID-19. A narrative framework was developed to analyze the data.FindingsThe results include five significant themes highlighting the imperative role of agency in PID construction. Before the pandemic, event professionals pointed to self-driven pride and social-driven stigmatization as a part of PID narratives. Before and during the pandemic, profession-driven professional status recognition was significant. During the pandemic, situational reality-driven work skills and community-driven commitment became central to PID narratives.Practical implicationsThe findings suggest the need for the EM industry to harness a collective PID. Specifically, given the community-building role professional associations played during the pandemic, associations can take part in leveraging a PID that connects core values.Originality/valueThis study contributes to the EM literature by using PID, a novel construct in EM research, to develop a baseline for event professional PIDs in changing environments; this functions as a platform for the EM profession to create a shared collective identity.
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Yoo, Joanne Jung-Eun, and Meehee Cho. "Supply chain flexibility fit and green practices: evidence from the event industry." International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management 33, no. 7 (May 5, 2021): 2410–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijchm-09-2020-0999.

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Purpose As the event industry is supported by a wide range of suppliers that provide different products and services, all these partners in the supply chain can play a crucial role in green practices. The industry needs to have a sufficient degree of supply chain flexibility to cater to the demands in today’s dynamic environment and the flexibility in the supply chain will help event businesses to be sustainable. This study aims to explore the role of the supply chain flexibility fit between event planner’s requirements and supplier offerings on the implementation of green practices. The study also attempted to provide insights into the adoption of green event practices by identifying the moderating roles of green organization image and public pressure. Design/methodology/approach Data analysis was conducted based on 207 useable responses from event planners. Polynomial regression and response surface analysis were performed to verify the hypothesized relationships. Additionally, hierarchical regression analysis was used to test the moderating effects of green organization image and public pressure on the proposed relationships. Findings Results revealed that product flexibility fit was positively related to green practices; however, such effect was not found in the volume flexibility fit model. Findings also showed that public pressure significantly improved the positive effect of product flexibility fit on green practices. However, the green organization image was found to have no significant moderating effect. Practical implications The adoption of green practices requires well-designed collaboration among supply chain partners. This study offers empirical evidence regarding the importance of achieving product flexibility fit between event planners’ requirements and supplier offerings when conducting green practices. The findings provide useful implications that can be applied for successful green event management. Originality/value Despite the significance and relevance of the topic, barely any study has been conducted to assess supply chain flexibility and its relationship with green event practices. The study adopted resource orchestration theory to examine the role of supply chain flexibility on green event practices by focusing on the planner-supplier flexibility fit. A number of implications regarding supply chain management and future research are identified.
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Li, Hui, David D. Schein, Siva Prasad Ravi, Wei Song, and Yuanyuan Gu. "FACTORS INFLUENCING RESIDENTS’ PERCEPTIONS, ATTITUDES AND BEHAVIORAL INTENTION TOWARD FESTIVALS AND SPECIAL EVENTS: A PRE-EVENT PERSPECTIVE." Journal of Business Economics and Management 19, no. 2 (September 25, 2018): 288–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/jbem.2018.5536.

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This article reports the results of research investigating residents’ perceptions, attitudes and behavioral intention (BI) toward sports festivals and special events (FSE) from a pre-event perspective. A structural equation modeling (SEM) was utilized. Two sets of theoretical frameworks have been employed for this study: Social Exchange Theory (SET) and Social Representation Theory (SRT). A quantitative analysis was utilized. Using structural equation modeling (SEM). The authors have identified a strong association between media influence and FSE image evaluation; FSE image evaluation and residents’ perceptions; residents’ perceptions and attitudes; and residents’ attitudes and behavioral intention. However, the study found that social interactions do not have a significant impact on FSE image evaluation. The practical application of this research is that event planners should use media to promote FSE to local residents. This article concludes with the management implications for FSE planners and organizers. Future studies can build on the findings of the paper to generalize this China model for adaption to other countries.
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Reeves, Dory. "Women planners: 1996 revisited." Town Planning Review: Volume ahead-of-print ahead-of-print (August 1, 2020): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/tpr.2021.36.

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This article contributes to the history of women in planning and to an understanding of the issues facing the advancement of women planners in the workplace during the 1990s in the UK. The main part of the article revisits the contributions made by participants during the 1996 National Women’s Planning Conference in Leeds, UK, entitled Women Planners into the 21st Century. The event attracted delegates from around the UK and during the conference a series of activities enabled participants to record their experiences. This article takes a fresh look at this material using a lens from a similar conference held at Leeds Beckett University in 2019. The rapid thematic analysis found that the issues facing women in the 1990s in the UK were similar to those facing women planners in the US, Canada and Australia. The expectations and barriers faced by women planners in 1996 varied depending on career life stages and whether or not women had children, were single parents or were caring for a child who was physically or mentally disabled. A key conclusion is that structural and cultural barriers still predominate in organisations. The implications for professional bodies such as the RTPI are that they must do more to support women and men to bring about long-lasting change.
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An, Jaeyoung, Hany Kim, and Dongkeun Hur. "Keeping the Competitive Edge of a Convention and Exhibition Center in MICE Environment: Identification of Event Attributes for Long-Run Success." Sustainability 13, no. 9 (April 30, 2021): 5030. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13095030.

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Understanding the weaknesses and strengths of event attributes plays a significant role in business survivability, specifically the meetings, incentives, conventions, and exhibitions (MICE) industry, in which the business environment is competitive. To be in business and survive long-term, service and product offerings must satisfy the needs of clients. In the case of the MICE industry, clients include event organizers, planners, and attendees. Thus, the IPA (importance-performance analysis) was conducted with hopes to provide valuable insight into the MICE industry to identify and evaluate their offering (attributes) that can assist Convention and Visitors Bureaus (CVBs) to establish better operational strategies that maintain their economic sustainability. Furthermore, this study also addressed the event planners and organizers’ perceptions toward the environment and social sustainability, measuring the importance and performance of ecofriendly venues and the availability of disabled access, which showed neither significant importance nor performance. However, as the main purpose of the research was to examine the essential venue selection criteria based on the perceptional lens of the event organizer and planners to MICE operators on achieving business sustainability, the findings of this study provide strategical direction to establish, maintain, and improve their facility, service, and products. The study also finds that there are different needs depending on the types of event organizers and planners.
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Firestone, Stephanie Krone, Laura Keyes, and Esther Greenhouse. "Planners and aging professionals collaborate for livable communities." Working with Older People 22, no. 1 (March 12, 2018): 20–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/wwop-12-2017-0035.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to share the findings from a learning intervention aimed at facilitating more regular and effective collaboration across the planning and aging sectors in order to advance Livable Communities for All Ages (LCA). Design/methodology/approach A half-day summit that convened over 250 aging sector professionals and planners. Data from these conversations, as well as a pre-event survey, post-event evaluations, and a six-month post-event follow-up survey provide the findings for the discussion. Findings The results revealed that the participants increasingly recognized the value of cross-sector relationships to their work on LCA. Further, the success on current projects was highly attributed to the trust gained from a previous experience of aging and planning professionals working together. Research limitations/implications Researchers relied on a purposive sample of respondents already registered to attend the Livable Communities Summit, who were likely to be somewhat knowledgeable about the topic of age-friendly planning. While not generalizable to the broader professional fields of the aging and planning sectors, the results inform on the importance of cross-sector collaboration in the context of planning communities supportive of individuals across the lifespan. Practical implications Existing challenges to the local residents in a broad swath of areas including housing, transportation, social isolation, purpose and more, are exacerbated in a rapidly aging world that does not advance policies, practices, and built environments to make communities more livable for residents of all ages. Originality/value The intention of this research is to contribute to the limited existing literature on collaboration between professionals in the planning and aging fields and to stimulate the increased and improved cross-sector relationships.
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Smith, Gavin. "Involving Land Use Planners in Pre-Event Planning for Post-Disaster Recovery." Journal of the American Planning Association 80, no. 4 (October 2, 2014): 306–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01944363.2014.990789.

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Hutton, Alison, Jamie Ranse, and Matthew Brendan Munn. "Developing Public Health Initiatives through Understanding Motivations of the Audience at Mass-Gathering Events." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 33, no. 2 (February 19, 2018): 191–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x18000067.

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AbstractThis report identifies what is known about audience motivations at three different mass-gathering events: outdoor music festivals, religious events, and sporting events. In light of these motivations, the paper discusses how these can be harnessed by the event organizer and Emergency Medical Services. Lastly, motivations tell what kinds of interventions can be used to achieve an understanding of audience characteristics and the opportunity to develop tailor-made programs to maximize safety and make long-lasting public health interventions to a particular “cohort” or event population. A lot of these will depend on what the risks/hazards are with the particular populations in order to “target” them with public health interventions. Audience motivations tell the event organizer and Emergency Medical Services about the types of behaviors they should expect from the audience and how this may affect their health while at the event. Through these understandings, health promotion and event safety messages can be developed for a particular type of mass-gathering event based on the likely composition of the audience in attendance. Health promotion and providing public information should be at the core of any mass-gathering event to minimize public health risk and to provide opportunities for the promotion of healthy behaviors in the local population. Audience motivations are a key element to identify and agree on what public health information is needed for the event audience. A more developed understanding of audience behavior provides critical information for event planners, event risk managers, and Emergency Medical Services personnel to better predict and plan to minimize risk and reduce patient presentations at events. Mass-gathering event organizers and designers intend their events to be positive experiences and to have meaning for those who attend. Therefore, continual vigilance to improve public health effectiveness and efficiency can become best practice at events. Through understanding the motivations of the audience, event planners and designers, event risk managers, and emergency medical personnel may be better able to understand the motivation of the audience and how this might impact on audience behavior at the event.HuttonA, RanseJ, MunnMB. Developing public health initiatives through understanding motivations of the audience at mass-gathering events. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2018;33(2):191–196.
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Senter, Angela, Mark Beattie, and Demi Deng. "Large Event Security - A Case Study of Spokane Events, WA." Events and Tourism Review 4, no. 1 (June 29, 2021): 43–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.18060/25307.

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Large event security has become increasingly complex over the past 20 years. Security incidents have included headline tragedies such as the Las Vegas shooting in 2017 and the Boston Marathon bombing in 2013. Spokane, Washington, has been no exception to the need to enhance guest security for large-scale events, as evidenced by the Hoopfest gang-related shooting in 2010 and the Martin Luther King Jr. Day bombing attempt in 2011. Balancing the interests of stakeholders has become challenging for event management professionals in both planning and operations phases. Security strategies and trainings designed for security and guest service staff are critical for the success of new protocols. Transparent communication to the public is crucial for the event's success and the guarantee of guest satisfaction. This case study aims to document the leadership decisions made to enhance security for large-scale events held in Downtown Spokane and the Spokane Arena. Focusing on several tipping points, the leadership decisions and implementation are chronicled as a case study, along with the decisions and protocols that continue to influence large event security in the Spokane area. This study will benefit other event planners and venues as they face security system upgrades, protocols, and implementation.
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Carbone, Marco, Michele Turco, Giuseppe Brunetti, and Patrizia Piro. "Minimum Inter-Event Time to Identify Independent Rainfall Events in Urban Catchment Scale." Advanced Materials Research 1073-1076 (December 2014): 1630–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1073-1076.1630.

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For many hydrologic analyses, planning or design problems, reliable rainfall estimates are necessary. For this reason, an accurate estimation of storm event properties is central to continuous simulation of rainfall. Rainfall is generally noted as single events or storms where the beginning and the end are defined by rainless of particular size duration called Minimum Inter-event Time (MIT). Starting from a critical study of the state of the art, this paper intends to investigate the definition of MIT for rainfall events shorter than an hour that, on an urban scale, are the most critical for designers, planners and operators of urban drainage system. All event characteristics such as depth and mean rain rate, are influenced by the choice of the value of MIT. This paper reviews the range of approaches used in literature and after this, based on a year of pluviograph records on an urban catchment, proposes a value of MIT according to catchment network entry time.
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de Snoo, C., W. van Wezel, J. C. Wortmann, and G. J. C. Gaalman. "Coordination activities of human planners during rescheduling: case analysis and event handling procedure." International Journal of Production Research 49, no. 7 (April 2011): 2101–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00207541003639626.

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Lee, Seungwon “Shawn”, Charles Parrish, and Ji-Ho Kim. "Sports Stadiums as Meeting and Corporate/Social Event Venues: A Perspective From Meeting/Event Planners and Sport Facility Administrators." Journal of Quality Assurance in Hospitality & Tourism 16, no. 2 (April 3, 2015): 164–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1528008x.2015.1013406.

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Krenczyk, Damian, and Malgorzata Olender. "Using Discrete-Event Simulation Systems as Support for Production Planning." Applied Mechanics and Materials 809-810 (November 2015): 1456–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.809-810.1456.

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In the days of fierce competition, rapid changes and new technologies, production, and above all, production planning and control cannot be implemented in isolation to changes in the market. The ability to quickly adjust to changes, being flexible is now essential for high tech companies. One of the key area of production management, that must continuously evolve by searching for new methods and tools for increasing the efficiency of decision-making process is the area of production planning and control. In solving the problems associated with production planning are increasingly used advanced simulation programs. They support the planners, especially in situations related to changes in the assortment, or the introduction of new products into the market. A practical example of using the simulation program for production planning is presented in the paper. It is shown that an advanced simulation program can be an effective tool used in decision making area. The construction of the model, and performed experiments are crucial for enterprises where among other things punctuality and flexibility are the most important elements. A short time for the results of the simulation allows for quick response and, if necessary, make changes to the model by planners to achieve the best results with the given parameters associated with the required to complete the production orders.
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Simons, MA, Thomas, Anke Richter, PhD, and Lauren Wollman, PhD. "Two teams, one mission: A study using EMS units in hospital triage during active-shooter and other mass-casualty events." American Journal of Disaster Medicine 15, no. 1 (January 1, 2020): 33–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.5055/ajdm.2020.0353.

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Background: Recent mass-casualty events have exposed errors with common assumptions about response processes, notably triage and transport of patients. Response planners generally assume that the majority of patients from a mass-casualty event will have received some level of field triage and transport from the scene to the hospital will have been coordinated through on-scene incident command. When this is not the case, emergency response at the hospital is hampered as staff must be pulled to handle the influx of untriaged patients.Objective: Determine whether the use of emergency medical service (EMS) field resources in hospital triage could enhance the overall response to active-shooter and other mass-casualty events.Design: A proof of concept study was planned in conjunction with a regularly scheduled mass-casualty hospital exercise conducted by an urban level II trauma center in Utah. This was a cross-over study with triage initially performed by hospital staff, and at the midpoint of the exercise, triage was transferred to EMS field units. General performance was judged by exercise planners with limited additional data collection.Results: EMS crews at the hospital significantly enhanced the efficiency and efficacy of the triage operation in both qualitative and quantitative assessment.Conclusions: Hospital planners deemed the proof of concept exercise a success and are now experimenting with implementation of this alternate approach to triage. However, much additional work remains to fully implement this change in processes.
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Remenick, Lauren. "Learning in the HJ Andrews Forest: Experiences and Outcomes at a Science Education Event." Journal of Interpretation Research 23, no. 1 (April 2018): 57–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/109258721802300105.

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Understanding best practices in various interpretive settings and contexts may help event planners to implement successful educational programs in which participants are satisfied with their experience and learning outcomes. With this in mind, we sought to examine participants’ perceptions and outcomes of a science education event in Oregon's HJ Andrews Experimental Forest, HJA Day. Data from 76 participants were quantitatively analyzed to understand how participants’ satisfaction with the field trip elements related to their perceived outcomes. Most participants were very satisfied with the field trip elements. Participants perceived overall satisfaction to be their greatest outcome, followed by overall appreciation, knowledge gain, and then change in thinking. All main outcomes positively and significantly correlated except for overall satisfaction and change in thinking. These findings may inform program planners of the experiences and outcomes that result from a field-based learning setting, thus allowing insight and preparation for similar programs in the future.
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Papadopoulos, Nicolas, Statia Elliot, and Leslie Szamosi. "Measuring Event Planners' Perceptions of Place Image Attributes: The Case of Greek Convention Destinations." Tourism Analysis 19, no. 4 (October 14, 2014): 505–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3727/108354214x14090817031233.

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Alexander, Amanda Caroline, Dae-Young Kim, and James Groves. "Individual and Organizational Characteristics Influencing Event Planners’ Perceptions of Information Content and Channel Choice." Journal of Convention & Event Tourism 13, no. 1 (January 2012): 16–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15470148.2012.651782.

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Park, J., J. Obeysekera, and J. Barnes. "Temporal energy partitions of Florida extreme sea level events as a function of Atlantic multidecadal oscillation." Ocean Science 6, no. 2 (June 15, 2010): 587–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/os-6-587-2010.

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Abstract. An energy-conservative metric based on the discrete wavelet transform is applied to assess the relative energy distribution of extreme sea level events across different temporal scales. The metric is applied to coastal events at Key West and Pensacola Florida as a function of two Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO) regimes. Under AMO warm conditions there is a small but significant redistribution of event energy from nearly static into more dynamic (shorter duration) timescales at Key West, while at Pensacola the AMO-dependent changes in temporal event behaviour are less pronounced. Extreme events with increased temporal dynamics might be consistent with an increase in total energy of event forcings which may be a reflection of more energetic storm events during AMO warm phases. As dynamical models mature to the point of providing regional climate index predictability, coastal planners may be able to consider such temporal change metrics in planning scenarios.
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Park, J., J. Obeysekera, and J. Barnes. "Temporal energy partitions of Florida extreme sea level events as a function of Atlantic multidecadal oscillation." Ocean Science Discussions 7, no. 2 (March 11, 2010): 501–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/osd-7-501-2010.

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Abstract. An energy-conservative metric based on the discrete wavelet transform is applied to assess the relative energy distribution of non-stationary extreme sea level events across different temporal scales. The metric is applied to coastal events at Key West and Pensacola Florida as a function of two Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO) regimes. Under AMO warm conditions there is a small but significant redistribution of event energy from nearly static into more dynamic timescales at Key West, while at Pensacola the AMO-dependent changes in temporal event behaviour are less pronounced. Extreme events with increased temporal dynamics are consistent with an increase in total energy of event forcings which may be a reflection of more energetic storm events during AMO warm phases. As dynamical models mature to the point of providing regional climate index predictability, coastal planners may be able to consider such temporal change metrics in planning scenarios.
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Maguire, Kelly, and Emmet McLoughlin. "An evidence informed approach to planning for event management in Ireland." Journal of Place Management and Development 13, no. 1 (September 11, 2019): 47–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jpmd-06-2019-0041.

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Purpose Events are a significant component of Ireland’s tourism offering. They are an important source of economic activity and an incremental driver of social change and development throughout the country. However, the visual and physical impacts often created by event activities to the environmental and social resource base upon which, events depend, have begun to draw attention to the way events are planned and managed. Although the concept of sustainability has become the topic of much discussion and debate in event management literature, there exist many gaps in relation to its practical application in event management planning in Ireland. This is despite the statutory obligation of local authorities in Ireland to license events and to facilitate the process of planning for large-scale outdoor public events in Ireland. Yet, with the continued expansion of Ireland’s event industry, there is a fundamental need for an evidence-informed approach to planning for event management. Through the application of the European tourism indicator system (ETIS), the long-term sustainability and competitiveness of the national event industry in Ireland could be secured. This paper aims to examine and discuss the application of the ETIS as a possible tool to facilitate greater levels of sustainability and accountability within the events industry in Ireland. Design/methodology/approach This study used a quantitative content analysis approach involving a complete population sample of local authorities in the Republic of Ireland to determine the application of the ETIS within the legal process of planning for event management in Ireland. Findings While the findings have identified a basic provision for event management within a number of local authority legally required County Development Plans, none, however, were using the ETIS to monitor the impacts of events at the local level. This lack of data collection and benchmarking highlights the need for greater levels of sustainability and accountability within the legal process of planning for event management in Ireland. Originality/value This study suggests the ETIS as an easy, cost effective and viable solution to facilitate an evidence-informed approach to planning for event management at the local level. However, the lessons learned from this study may also have implications for destination planners and event managers outside of Ireland.
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Yang, Fiona X., and Sherry Xiuchang Tan. "Event innovation induced corporate branding." International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management 29, no. 3 (March 20, 2017): 862–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijchm-09-2015-0512.

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Purpose This paper aims to empirically investigate how event innovation may induce desirable corporate branding. Design/methodology/approach A survey yielded 280 complete responses from tourists who had attended an event in Macau. Structural equation modeling was used to test the innovation-corporate loyalty framework through perceived event value and corporate image, with a multi-group comparison to examine differences between first-time and repeat customers. Findings The results indicate that innovation is not only the key to value enhancement of the event but also an efficacious instrument of branding the parent company and building corporate loyalty; only product-related innovation has a significant impact on event value; both functional and emotional values induce a more favorable corporate image; and event-induced corporate branding is more effective in securing repeat business than attracting new clientele. Practical implications The findings help hospitality operators and event planners to leverage innovative events for corporate branding and cater to different customer segments by providing distinct marketing strategies. Originality/value The study contributes to the body of knowledge regarding event management and corporate branding and sheds light on future research to explore the initiative and benefit of pushing forward event innovation.
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Murrain-Hill, Paula, C. Norman Coleman, John L. Hick, Irwin Redlener, David M. Weinstock, John F. Koerner, Delaine Black, et al. "Medical Response to a Nuclear Detonation: Creating a Playbook for State and Local Planners and Responders." Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness 5, S1 (March 2011): S89—S97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/dmp.2011.13.

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ABSTRACTFor efficient and effective medical responses to mass casualty events, detailed advanced planning is required. For federal responders, this is an ongoing responsibility. The US Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) prepares playbooks with formal, written plans that are reviewed, updated, and exercised regularly. Recognizing that state and local responders with fewer resources may be helped in creating their own event-specific response plans, subject matter experts from the range of sectors comprising the Scarce Resources for a Nuclear Detonation Project, provided for this first time a state and local planner's playbook template for responding to a nuclear detonation. The playbook elements are adapted from DHHS playbooks with appropriate modification for state and local planners. Individualization by venue is expected, reflecting specific assets, populations, geography, preferences, and expertise. This playbook template is designed to be a practical tool with sufficient background information and options for step-by-step individualized planning and response.(Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2011;5:S89-S97)
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Guizzardi, Andrea, Marcello Mariani, and Girish Prayag. "Environmental impacts and certification: evidence from the Milan World Expo 2015." International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management 29, no. 3 (March 20, 2017): 1052–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijchm-09-2015-0491.

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Purpose This study aims to examine residents’ perceptions of environmental impacts and certification for the Milan World Expo 2015 as well as their overall attitude toward the mega-event. Design/methodology/approach A survey of Milan residents based on a convenience sample led to 221 useable questionnaires. Findings Residents perceived that the Expo will have minimal negative and positive environmental impacts. A minority of residents were aware of the environmental certification of the event. The less agreeable residents were with the perceived negative environmental impacts of the event, the more agreeable they were that a certification of event sustainability should limit the damage to the natural environment. Residents’ perceptions of the certification were positively related to their overall attitude toward the event. Research limitations/implications The findings cannot be generalized to other mega-events but have several managerial implications in relation to the need for information provision to residents and better communication of the certification by event organizers and planners. Originality/value Despite rising concerns about environmental issues related to hosting mega-events, there is no research on perceptions of a certification of event sustainability by residents.
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Iriani, Dewi Febrina, Gaby Mariska Runtu, Santo Medy Wibisono, and Bambang Sumaryanto. "Utilization of Public Relations Program in Educating the Millennials About Papua-Indonesia Separatism Issue." COMMENTATE: Journal of Communication Management 2, no. 2 (December 20, 2021): 178. http://dx.doi.org/10.37535/103002220216.

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The issue of Papuan-Indonesian separatism is not new in Indonesia, and this has become the Ministry of Foreign Affairs' concentration to deal with. In this case the project planners believe that there is a humanitarian and dignified perspective that needs to be improved by the government. Therefore, the measure needs a Public Relations approach as an effort to support government programs in overcoming the issue of Papua-Indonesia separatism. The method employed in this research is to use strategic planning public relations by Ronald Smith, which consists of 9 steps in 4 phases. The concepts used in this project are Public Relations, Online PR, Social Media, and Event Design. By approaching PR through social media programs and events, the project planners claimed to be able to approach millennials to shape their awareness of Papua, so they have a good image of Papua. This will have an impact on the spread of positive Papuan issues on social media, which was dominated with negative issues regarding separatism. The success of the program will be evaluated by the number of participants involved in the event, social media followers, and positive news spread on social media.
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LEKGAU, Refiloe Julia, and Tembi Maloney TICHAAWA. "COVID-19 AND MICE EVENTS: UNPACKING THE FACTORS MEDIATING THE RETURN OF IN-PERSON EVENTS IN SOUTH AFRICA." Analele Universităţii din Oradea, Seria Geografie 32, no. 2 (December 30, 2022): 101–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.30892/auog.322103-888.

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The shift to virtual events by the MICE sector was one of the first strategies adopted by the sector in response to the restrictions imposed because of the COVID-19 pandemic. This study examines the factors mediating the return of in-person MICE events in South Africa. Utilising a qualitative research design, interviews with MICE event planners, professional associations, and governing authorities reveal that live events are perceived to have greater potential to attain local economic development benefits and MICE event legacies. Additionally, the limitations of virtual events had a subsequent effect on networking, direct selling, and other main motives for attending MICE events. The return of in-person events began with stimulating the local market and exploring more hybrid events. Overall, the study presents the resilience of in-person MICE events, examining the various steps taken to ensure its return post-COVID-19.
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Samuel, Madeline, Hyunsuk Choi, Haesang Kang, and Myong Jae Lee. "Sustainable Event Planning: An Exploration of University Conference Centers." Sustainability 13, no. 13 (June 26, 2021): 7194. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13137194.

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The use of conference services on university campuses has grown in recent years. Focusing on three university conference centers in Southern California in the United States, this study explores innovative practices, tools, and strategies that sales and marketing teams can use to attract potential clients to campus facilities. A Delphi method with a panel of eight sales and marketing experts from three university conference centers was used to examine tools and strategies used by university conference centers. The findings reveal that email marketing, tradeshows, and social media are effective marketing tools to show that universities are an economical option for meeting planners, providing meeting attendees with the college atmosphere that they would not receive at a hotel. Detailed implications of results are discussed.
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Jaafar, Nor Safura, and Nasreen Khan. "Impact of Digital Marketing Innovation in Competitive Event Industry During Covid-19: Evidence from Malaysia and The United States." International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies (iJIM) 16, no. 09 (May 10, 2022): 130–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.3991/ijim.v16i09.27915.

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Events are crucial to the industry's growth and economic benefits. Nearly 1.5 billion people visit corporate events each year across the world. Even though the event was formerly regarded as the industry's fastest-growing segment, it is currently undergoing a significant transformation and shift because of the COVID-19 epidemic. Businesses are embracing digital marketing to communicate with their customers during this pandemic catastrophe. As a result, the pandemic has an impact on core ideas and marketing innovations. The objective of the research is to look at the effects of digital marketing in the event industry in Malaysia and the United States (USA) during covid-19. Samples of the study were consumers who attended virtual events in Malaysia and the United States (USA) for a period of two years following the pandemic Covid-19 from 2019 to 2021. This study used a survey questionnaire to obtain the primary data. The finding of the study showed that digital marketing has an influence on customer attitude, brand awareness, trust, and intention among the event attendees from Malaysia and United States. Finding further showed that brand awareness had minimal influence on the purchasing intention of event attendees from Malaysia and the United States (USA). Malaysian participants believe trust is the most important factor in developing an intention to join the event, whereas Americans believe that customer attitude is the most crucial aspect of developing an intention. This study recommends event planners develop digital marketing that keeps up with new technological innovations and changing customer expectations in terms of content that should be more tailored as well as wow-factor-filled attendee experience.
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Toerper, Matthew F., Gabor D. Kelen, Lauren M. Sauer, Jamil D. Bayram, Christina Catlett, and Scott Levin. "Hospital Surge Capacity: A Web-Based Simulation Tool for Emergency Planners." Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness 12, no. 4 (October 18, 2017): 513–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/dmp.2017.93.

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AbstractThe National Center for the Study of Preparedness and Catastrophic Event Response (PACER) has created a publicly available simulation tool called Surge (accessible at http://www.pacerapps.org) to estimate surge capacity for user-defined hospitals. Based on user input, a Monte Carlo simulation algorithm forecasts available hospital bed capacity over a 7-day period and iteratively assesses the ability to accommodate disaster patients. Currently, the tool can simulate bed capacity for acute mass casualty events (such as explosions) only and does not specifically simulate staff and supply inventory. Strategies to expand hospital capacity, such as (1) opening unlicensed beds, (2) canceling elective admissions, and (3) implementing reverse triage, can be interactively evaluated. In the present application of the tool, various response strategies were systematically investigated for 3 nationally representative hospital settings (large urban, midsize community, small rural). The simulation experiments estimated baseline surge capacity between 7% (large hospitals) and 22% (small hospitals) of staffed beds. Combining all response strategies simulated surge capacity between 30% and 40% of staffed beds. Response strategies were more impactful in the large urban hospital simulation owing to higher baseline occupancy and greater proportion of elective admissions. The publicly available Surge tool enables proactive assessment of hospital surge capacity to support improved decision-making for disaster response. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2018;12:513–522)
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Milsten, Andrew M., Brian J. Maguire, Rick A. Bissell, and Kevin G. Seaman. "Mass-Gathering Medical Care: A Review of the Literature." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 17, no. 3 (September 2002): 151–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x00000388.

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AbstractMass-gatherings events provide a difficult setting for which to plan an appropriate emergency medical response. Many of the variables that affect the level and types of medical needs, have not been fully researched. This review examines these variables.Methods:An extensive review was conducted using the computerized databasesMedlineandHealthstarfrom 1977 through May 2002. Articles selected contained information pertaining to mass-gathering variables. These articles were read, abstracted, analyzed, and compiled.Results:Multiple variables are present during a mass gathering, and they interact in complex and dynamic ways. The interaction of these variables contributes to the number of patients treated at an event (medical usage rate) as well as the observed injury patterns. Important variables include weather, event type, event duration, age, crowd mood and density, attendance, and alcohol and drug use.Conclusions:Developing an understanding of the variables associated with mass gatherings should be the first step for event planners. After these variables are considered, a thorough needs analysis can be performed and resource allocation can be based on objective data.
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Wang, Chong, Yun-sheng Mao, Zu-quan Xiang, and Yong-qing Zhou. "Ship Block Logistics Simulation Based on Discrete Event Simulation." International Journal of Online Engineering (iJOE) 11, no. 6 (November 5, 2015): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3991/ijoe.v11i6.4968.

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The load of resources in the block logistics process influences the mid-term planning and scheduling of shipyard management. Therefore, load analysis must be conducted before confirming the plans. However, conducting the analysis using the traditional mathematical model is difficult. This study suggests using the discrete event simulation (DES) method for load analysis in advance. The simulation model of actual shipyard block logistics is established by the DES software. Data on the structure of the product, process, resource, and schedule are clearly defined to match the DES model. Partial results through the simulation are discussed in terms of real production activities. The outputs prove that the proposed simulation model can help planners arrive at reasonable and rational decisions related to shipbuilding plans. This simulation method can contribute in strengthening the competitiveness of shipyards.
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Phuong, Tran Thi Kim, and Tran Trung Vinh. "Proposing an Extension of the Technology Acceptance Model to Explain Facebook User Acceptance of Facebook Event Page." Asian Social Science 13, no. 6 (May 30, 2017): 133. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ass.v13n6p133.

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The emergence and growth of social media today has changed the way that people communicate and interact with each other. Thus, social media has considered as an effective tool in the marketing campaign. In regard to event marketing, event planners and organizers use social media (e.g. social network sites) as an important marketing medium to increase the number of potential attendees to visit the events. However, the major challenge to event marketers is to fully understand the process of how social media marketing gain special event customers’ acceptance. This study chose Facebook event page as study context and applied the technology acceptance model (TAM) as theoretical foundation. In addition, this paper synthesizes the theoretical basis of the event marketing, emotional factors, perceived relevance and its application to social media (e.g., Facebook event page) from previous studies. The study aims to come out with a conceptual model (extended TAM) which explains fully inner-mechanism of the relationships among variables: (1) the emotions that online fansexpress on Facebook affect their acceptance of the Facebook event page as a legitimate marketing tool; (2) perceived relevance from user perspective influence their acceptance of the Facebook event page; (3) this “acceptance” mechanism has an impact on fans’ intentions to attend the event.
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Nguyen, Richard B., Andrew M. Milsten, and Jeremy T. Cushman. "Injury Patterns and Levels of Care at a Marathon." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 23, no. 6 (December 2008): 519–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x0000635x.

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AbstractIntroduction:Marathons pose many challenges to event planners. The medical services needed at such events have not received extensive coverage in the literature.Objective:The objective of this study was to document injury patterns and medical usage at a category III mass gathering (a marathon), with the goal of helping event planners organize medical resources for large public gatherings.Methods:Prospectively obtained medical care reports from the five first-aid stations set up along the marathon route were reviewed. Primary and secondary reasons for seeking medical care were categorized. Weather data were obtained, and ambient temperature was recorded.Results:The numbers of finishers were as follows: 4,837 in the marathon (3,099 males, 1,738 females), 814 in the 5K race (362 males, 452 females), and 393 teams in the four-person relay (1,572). Two hundred fifty-one runners sought medical care. The day's temperatures ranged from 39 to 73°F (mean, 56°F). The primary reasons for seeking medical were medication request (26%), musculoskeletal injuries (18%), dehydration (14%), and dermal injuries (11%). Secondary reasons were musculoskeletal injuries (34%), dizziness (19%), dermal injuries (11%), and headaches (9%). Treatment times ranged from 3 to 25.5 minutes and lengthened as the day progressed. Two-thirds of those who sought medical care did so at the end of the race. The majority of runners who sought medical attention had not run a marathon before.Conclusions:Marathon planners should allocate medical resources in favor of the halfway point and the final first-aid station. Resources and medical staff should be moved from the earlier tents to further augment the later first-aid stations before the majority of racers reach the middle- and later-distance stations.
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Tichaawa, Tembi Maloney, and Love Odion Idahosa. "Adapting Herzberg: Predicting Attendees' Motivation, Satisfaction, and Intention to Revisit a Festival in Cameroon Using an Ordered Logit Approach." Tourism Review International 24, no. 2 (August 4, 2020): 91–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.3727/154427220x15845838896323.

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Festivals have, increasingly, become an important research focus in tourism. This study adapts Herzberg's two-factor theory to determine the satisfaction levels of attendees at the Festival of Arts and Culture (FESTAC), held in Limbe, Cameroon. Specifically, it investigated how the above are influenced by their a priori motivations to attend the event, and how their levels of satisfaction, in turn, affect their revisit intentions. Using survey data collected from 324 participants at the Festival, the study employed various specifications of the ordered logit model to predict the odds of attendees' satisfaction levels and revisit intentions, based on their motivation for attending the event. The findings confirm the applicability of the Herzberg theory in evaluating the relationship between the participants' motivation factors and their related satisfaction levels. Consistent with the existing literature, their satisfaction levels were also found to influence their return intentions significantly. The results also emphasize the moderating effect of expenditure considerations on the attendees' satisfaction levels. The findings, which have implications for both the event planners and the festival organizers, highlight the superiority of unique festival "motivators" in predicting satisfaction levels, suggesting that event planners focus on such characteristics if they intend to increase the attendees' satisfaction levels.
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Gupta, Rajesh K., and Yan Liu. "KDD 2020 Highlights." ACM SIGKDD Explorations Newsletter 22, no. 2 (January 17, 2021): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3447556.3447558.

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KDD made history in 2020. It was planned to be held in the San Diego Convention Center in an environment that would attract a large number of participants, companies to an attractive location. The program planners also made a concerted effort to broaden the intellectual scope of the forum as well as participation by diverse communities. In particular, the conference planned for offering complimentary full-time daycare to enable participation by women and parents with young children. The emergence of COVID-19 disease in March, however, caused considerable uncertainty leading to a final determination for a first-ever entirely virtual conference. This shift was dramatic at multiple levels since KDD is more than a meeting of presenters and their audience. It is also a place for demonstrations, chance encounters and a very engaging floor exhibition with its own ongoing events. Without exhibitors, their sponsors, and missing attendees, KDD won't be KDD. And it will also have a significant financial liability to the conference for the event contracts already in place. With significant cooperation from ACM and support from SIGKDD Executive Committee the team not only avoided financial impact but emerged with a net positive financial outcome even after reducing the registration fees by over 80%.
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Borge, Jessica. "Bandwidth lost: family planners and post-war television." Corporate Communications: An International Journal 25, no. 4 (July 22, 2020): 655–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ccij-11-2019-0139.

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PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to show how early planned PR efforts at the British Family Planning Association [FPA] resulted in an epoch-making television appearance in November 1955, tessellating with current methodological debates in the history of PR.Design/methodology/approachThis paper uses a qualitative, micro-history approach and original archival document research conducted at Wellcome Collection, London and the BBC Written Archives Centre, Caversham, to reconstruct early PR activity at the FPA. It intercedes in debates on historiography, the diversification of the history of PR and the concepts of mediatization and advocacy in historical contexts.FindingsAttaining broadcast coverage for birth control issues was historically difficult and was made more so by Marie Stopes. The subject was commonly packaged into the less problematic issues of population and infertility. The FPA achieved explicit television coverage in 1955 after establishing a focussed PR plan to stage and exploit a silver jubilee event. This vindicated the FPA's mission, validated service users and created broadcast opportunities.Research limitations/implicationsResearch is limited by temporal scope (1870s–1950s), and reliance on document sources, footage of television programmes being unavailable. This paper has implications for the history of PR, contributing to the diversification of the field by suggesting an original approach to the intersection of public relations and social change.Originality/valueThis paper surfaces overlooked primary sources and is the first account of how birth control appeared as a topic on early British broadcast media.
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Jeph, P., H. Takayasu, T. Xia, H. Kanasugi, R. Jiang, H. Mizuseki, and R. Shibasaki. "RAILDASH: A DASHBOARD SYSTEM TO ANALYZE EFFECTS OF EVENTS ON RAILWAY TRAFFIC USING BIG GPS DATA." ISPRS Annals of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences X-4/W3-2022 (October 14, 2022): 89–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-x-4-w3-2022-89-2022.

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Abstract. The big events cause substantial deviations in the city traffic, especially railway transportation which happens to be the dominant mode of transportation for most of the major cities. Analysis of big events’ impact on railway transportation, therefore, is of great importance to urban planning and transport management, yet is quite challenging because of the lack of readily available data about railway passengers’ citywide flow and event participants’ choice of transportation mode. Previous works have mainly relied on precise but limited data like sensors, AFC (Automated Fare Collection), or smart-card get-on get-off data to estimate the railway passengers, and did not take a holistic multi-dimensional approach to analyze railway traffic congestion caused by the events. To tackle these challenges, we propose a novel interactive Dashboard system that utilizes millions of smartphone GPS records across Japan. The dashboard can estimate and visualize railway passengers for the stations nearby the event venue as well as other relevant event participants’ information. We also introduce a Congestion Index to measure the increase in congestion of stations during events. The dashboard can be highly useful for event organizers, railway administrators, and city planners to assess and compare the impact of big events on railway traffic.
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Amissah, Emmanuel K., Grace Adjei, and Evans Asante. "Event Planning and Management Practices of Funeral Rites among Asantes in Ghana." European Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences 2, no. 2 (March 18, 2022): 15–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejsocial.2022.2.2.209.

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The success of organizing funeral celebrations depends largely on how events are managed. Funeral celebration has been one of the major cherished tradition in Ghana. The study sought to examine event management practices on funeral rites among Asante people using Kumasi metropolis as a case study. The study employed the mixed method paradigm with exploratory and descriptive design. Convenience sampling technique was adopted in selecting sample size with eighty (80) event planners as the targeted population. Questionnaire and observation guide served as the main data collection tools for the survey. The results were analysed using descriptive statistics. It was established that most event managers get connected to their clients largely through referrals and advertisement on various radio stations. The financial position of clients influences the products and services rendered to them. The study concludes that challenges to event management on funeral rites include delay in releasing funds and lack of effective communication between event managers and clients. Event management practices as an essential tool to minimize cost and increase satisfaction is yet to defeat the large expenditure incurred by most Asantes in organizing funeral rites in Kumasi. The study recommends that event planning and management firms should create awareness and educate the public on the significance of adopting effective event management practice in funeral celebrations.
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Ernwein, Marion, and Laurent Matthey. "Events in the affective city: Affect, attention and alignment in two ordinary urban events." Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 51, no. 2 (February 22, 2018): 283–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0308518x18757509.

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In a representational regime, planned urban events are used by urban planners to render urban projects visible and acceptable. As a corollary of the focus of urban studies on their representational dimension and in spite of a burgeoning literature on the notion of affective urbanism, the experiential character of events remains surprisingly unexplored. This paper argues that an ordinary regime of events is mobilised by city-makers to act on the embodied, affective experience of the city and on the ways urban dwellers know and act upon the city. By analysing planned urban events in their embodied, experiential dimension, we focus on the ways in which, through the design of ephemeral material dispositives, urbanists attempt to encourage citizens to incorporate ways of knowing and acting on space and on the modalities of knowing and acting that are at play. We stage an encounter between critical event studies and Ingoldian approaches to affect and attention, examining two urban events in a Swiss canton. We show how intense encounters with urban matter are staged in an attempt to modulate affects, guide attention, and produce alignment with a specific political project, asking urban dwellers either to embody a project still in the making or to cultivate expectations regarding an already-written future.
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Md. Noh, Shahizan, Zurina Shafii, and Faiezatul Syima Zainal Abidin. "COMPETENCY REQUIREMENTS FOR ISLAMIC LEGACY PLANNERS IN MALAYSIA IN THE EVENT OF POST COVID-19 CRISIS." International Journal of Advanced Research 8, no. 6 (June 30, 2020): 260–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/11093.

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Lesjak, Miha, Eva Axelsson, and Janez Mekinc. "Sports Spectators Tourism Reason When Attending Major Sporting Events: Euro Basket 2013, Koper, Slovenia." European Journal of Tourism Research 16 (July 1, 2017): 74–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.54055/ejtr.v16i.279.

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Sport tourism includes both tourists who travel for the purpose of participating or observing competitive sports, and those active in leisure or adventure activities. This paper will examine the main reasons of sporting event spectators to visit Municipality of Koper, Slovenia through surveying those attending a major sporting event EuroBasket 2013. We have achieved this by gathering quantitative data via 326 questionnaires from international and domestic sport event tourism spectators who attended EuroBasket 2013 event in Municipality of Koper, Slovenia from 4th – 9th of September 2013. On the basis of the results of the survey it was found out that the reasons to visit the destination during the organization of EuroBasket 2013 are influenced by the country of residence of spectators and the age of respondents. The main results found from the study were that older tourist and those coming from non-neighbouring countries are more likely to visit the country organising a major event than younger tourists coming from neighbouring countries. The results of the research will somehow help regional and national tourism planners and event organizers when organizing future development of sporting events and the strategic planning of tourism products for different segments of sport event tourists in the region.
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Artis, Keon, and Seung Hyun Lee. "Motivations of Federal Workers to Volunteer In Public Sector Special Events." Event Management 24, no. 1 (February 19, 2020): 33–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3727/152599519x15506259855904.

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Volunteers are considered a core component of special events and they have proved to be an asset to the execution of special events. Although motivations of volunteers have received a great deal of attention from many organizations and individuals in the private sector, little research has been done on motivations of volunteers in the public sector, or within the federal government. Therefore, this article identified motivational factors that prompt federal government workers to volunteer at a government-related special event. A survey was used to gather data from a volunteer sample of 263 individuals who had volunteered for public sector special events in recent years. Exploratory factor analysis and t test were employed to establish motivations that stimulate public sector employees to volunteer for special events and further determine the differences in motivation between females and males. The results showed that government workers mostly volunteer for purposive motive and external motive. In addition, gender played significant roles on egotistic and purposive motives. Thus, this research provides a unique theoretical contribution to research in event management by advancing our understanding of the process by which factors associated with motivation can lead to federal government workers volunteering at a government-related special event; subsequently, impacting how event planners and organizers of public sector special events market to and recruit volunteers.
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Antchak, Vladimir, and Eleanor Adams. "Unusual venues for business events: key quality attributes of museums and art galleries." International Journal of Tourism Cities 6, no. 4 (May 14, 2020): 847–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijtc-09-2019-0156.

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Purpose This paper aims to identify the key quality attributes a museum or art gallery should possess and enhance to become an attractive business event venue. Design/methodology/approach The research adopted a two-stage case-study methodology. Firstly, three museums were selected in Manchester, UK, to explore the venues’ approaches to hosting business events. These were the Lowry Art Centre, Salford Museum and Manchester Art Gallery. Secondly, a business event at another museum in the city, Science and Industry Museum, was accessed to explore the audiences’ perceptions and industry requirements regarding the organisation of events in museums. In total, 21 qualitative semi-structured and structured interviews were conducted with the event delegates, event planners and museums’ management. Findings Thematic analysis was applied to identify three key attributes: venue character, memorability and functionality and feasibility. Venue character refers to the overall appeal of a venue, including its history, status and interior design. Memorability refers to the authenticity and uniqueness of the attendee experience at a corporate event organised in a museum. Finally, functionality and feasibility deals with the availability of functional facilities, space flexibility and diverse venue regulations. Originality/value The findings of the research provide valuable insights to both museums and event companies. The research reveals the main benefits and drawbacks of using a museum or an art gallery as a venue for business events and suggests key aspects to consider while staging a business event in a cultural institution. Museums could apply the findings in marketing to emphasise their uniqueness, authenticity and flexibility.
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Minihane, M. R., and D. L. Freyberg. "Precipitation patterns and moisture fluxes in a sandy, tropical environment with a shallow water table." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions 8, no. 4 (August 24, 2011): 8063–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hessd-8-8063-2011.

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Abstract. Identifying the dominant mechanisms controlling recharge in shallow sandy soils in tropical climates has received relatively little attention. Given the expansion of coastal fill using marine sands and the growth of coastal populations throughout the tropics, there is a need to better understand the nature of water balances in these settings. We use time series of field observations at a coastal landfill in Singapore coupled with numerical modeling using the Richards' equation to examine the impact of precipitation patterns on soil moisture dynamics, including percolation past the root zone and recharge, in such an environment. A threshold in total precipitation event depth, much more so than peak precipitation intensity, is the strongest event control on recharge. However, shallow antecedent moisture, and therefore the timing between events along with the seasonal depth to water table, also play significant roles in determining recharge amounts. For example, at our field site, precipitation events of less than 3 mm per event yield little to no direct recharge, but for larger events, moisture content changes below the root zone are linearly correlated to the product of the average antecedent moisture content and the total event precipitation. Therefore, water resources planners need to consider identifying threshold precipitation volumes, along with the multiple time scales that capture variability in event antecedent conditions and storm frequency in assessing the role of recharge in coastal water balances in tropical settings.
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Hutton, Alison, Steve Brown, and Naomi Verdonk. "Exploring Culture: Audience Predispositions and Consequent Effects on Audience Behavior in a Mass-Gathering Setting." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 28, no. 3 (March 14, 2013): 292–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x13000228.

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AbstractIntroductionThe purpose of this critical review is to look at the current literature regarding mass gatherings and to create further understanding of this area with a particular focus on what the audience brings with them to the event, particularly in a planned event with a cultural theme or focus. Through an understanding of these predispositions and consequent effects on audience behavior in a mass-gathering setting, a more complete understanding of motivation factors of crowds and audiences can also be found.MethodsA critical review of mass-gathering literature was undertaken by searching various online academic databases. Peer-reviewed scholarly articles relevant to the cultural aspects associated with religious, sporting and music mass gatherings were also analyzed.ResultsResults from the review show that the word “culture” is often used to explain what happens at the event without reflecting how the motivations or behaviors of audiences at an event are influenced by the cultural predispositions of the audience.ConclusionsBy understanding the cultural predispositions of the audience, event planners and designers, event risk managers and event safety personnel are able to better understand the motivation of the audience and how this might impact on audience behavior at the event. Further work needs to be done, however, to investigate the broader range of predispositions. The ultimate aim of developing this understanding is to better inform the health promotion and public health messages that can be developed for a particular type of event based on the likely composition of the audience in attendance.HuttonA, BrownS, VerdonkN. Exploring culture: audience predispositions and consequent effects on audience behavior in a mass-gathering setting. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2013;28(3):1-6.
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Sox, Carole B., Mary M. Sox, and Jeffrey M. Campbell. "Giving light to mega-event planning: residents' perceptions on total eclipse weekend." International Journal of Event and Festival Management 11, no. 2 (March 10, 2020): 203–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijefm-08-2019-0041.

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PurposeMega-events have been the topic of unprecedented consideration within recent research. Research on the residents' perspectives, however, is still in the infancy stage, yet a key contributor to the overall legacy planning considerations and process. This research investigates resident perceptions toward a mega-event to assist with planning/execution of such events in addition to advancing knowledge within this area.Design/methodology/approachFor this research, an online survey was utilized to reach out to residents in the host city during the mega-event, Solar Eclipse Weekend. Factor analysis and cluster analysis were used to analyze the results.FindingsUsing exploratory factor analysis, 305 online surveys were analyzed. Using varimax rotation, factor analysis determined four significant factors: environment, local engagement, tourism support, and infrastructure. Cluster analysis was then conducted identifying three clusters of residents labeled neutralists, supporters and enthusiasts.Practical implicationsThe practical implications should be of assistance to professional event planners, city governments and destination marketing organizations. Through utilization of the information provided, community participation should be sought after throughout the planning phase and into the management and execution of large events to best gain resident support.Originality/valueThis research further explored residents' perspectives of a mega-event. While this area of research has been noted in strategic approaches to planning, managing and executing mega-events, the research on stakeholders (such as residents') perspectives is still in the infancy stage. This research contributes to advancing industry planning approaches and strategic execution, in addition to advancing academic knowledge within this area.
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Kim, Hyun-Dong, and Hyung-Ryong Lee. "An Analysis on Priority of Hotel Banquet Selection Attributes for Marketing Strategy of Attracting Corporate Events: From the Perspective of Corporate Event Planners." Journal of Tourism Sciences 43, no. 7 (October 1, 2019): 11–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.17086/jts.2019.43.7.11.29.

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MacIntosh, Eric, Keita Kinoshita, and Popi Sotiriadou. "The Effects of the 2018 Commonwealth Games Service Environment on Athlete Satisfaction and Performance: A Transformative Service Research Approach." Journal of Sport Management 34, no. 4 (July 1, 2020): 316–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jsm.2019-0186.

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Competing at major sport events represents a significant experience for elite athletes. Research has determined that event services can affect athlete satisfaction, yet little is known about any influence on athlete performances. This study adapted the lens of transformative service research to examine, through survey research, the athletes’ perceptions of the impact that the service environment of the Commonwealth Games 2018 on the Gold Coast in Australia had on their satisfaction and subsequent performance. The results from 430 athlete surveys showed the significant relationships between service environment factors and athlete satisfaction and the indirect effects of the service environment on performance, through satisfaction. Thus, satisfaction acts as a mediator between the service environment and athlete performance. The effects of the service environment on athlete satisfaction and performance highlight the areas for future development across the athletes’ experience, from accommodations to social activities, that managers and event planners can enhance.
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50

Hutton, Alison, Christine Savage, Jamie Ranse, Deb Finnell, and Joan Kub. "The Use of Haddon’s Matrix to Plan for Injury and Illness Prevention at Outdoor Music Festivals." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 30, no. 2 (February 27, 2015): 175–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x15000187.

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AbstractIntroductionMass-gathering music events, such as outdoor music festivals (OMFs), increase the risk of injuries and illnesses among attendees. This increased risk is associated with access to alcohol and other drugs by young people and an environment that places many people in close contact with each other.AimThe purpose of this report was to demonstrate how Haddon’s matrix was used to examine the factors that contributed to injuries and illnesses that occurred at 26 OMFs using data from the Ranse and Hutton’s minimum data set.MethodsTo help understand the kinds of injuries and illnesses experienced, Hutton et al identified previous patterns of patient presentations at 26 OMFs in Australia. To develop effective prevention strategies, the next logical step was to examine the risk factors associated with each illness/injury event. The Haddon matrix allows event practitioners to formulate anticipatory planning for celebratory-type events.ResultsWhat was evident from this work was that the host, the agent, and the physical and social environments contributed to the development of injuries and illness at an event. The physical environment could be controlled, to a certain extent, through event design, safety guidelines, and legislation. However, balancing cultural norms, such as the importance placed on celebratory events, with the social environment is more difficult.DiscussionThe use of the Haddon matrix demonstrates that interventions need to be targeted at all stages of the event, particularly both pre-event and during the event. The opportunity to promote health is lost by the time of post event. The matrix provided vital information on what factors may contribute to injury at OMFs; form this information, event planners can strategize possible interventions.HuttonA, SavageC, RanseJ, FinnellD, KubJ. The use of Haddon’s matrix to plan for injury and illness prevention at outdoor music festivals. Prehosp Disaster Med2015; 30(2):1-9
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