Relevant bibliographies by topics / EVERCALC

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Academic literature on the topic 'EVERCALC'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 4 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "EVERCALC"

1

Sharma, Sunil, and Animesh Das. "Backcalculation of pavement layer moduli from falling weight deflectometer data using an artificial neural network." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 35, no. 1 (January 2008): 57–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l07-083.

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Efforts have been made in this paper to backcalculate the in situ elastic moduli of asphalt pavement from synthetically derived falling weight deflectometer (FWD) deflections at seven equidistant points. An artificial neural network (ANN) is used as a tool for backcalculation in this work. The ANN is observed to backcalculate layer moduli, both from normal as well as noisy deflection basins, with better accuracy compared with other software, namely, EVERCALC and ExPaS. EVERCALC is a backcalculation software downloaded from the Internet and ExPaS is a backcalculation algorithm developed in-house, based on a “search and expand” approach. Work have been extended further to develop ANN models that can predict a possible rigid layer at the bottom of the pavement and can directly predict the remaining life of the pavement without backcalculating the layer moduli. Finally, a reliability analysis is performed to quantify the performance of backcalculation using an ANN.
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Fwa, T. F., and Thakur Swapna Rani. "Seed Modulus Generation Algorithm for Backcalculation of Flexible Pavement Moduli." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1905, no. 1 (January 2005): 117–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198105190500113.

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The seed moduli chosen for backcalculation analysis of multilayer flexible pavements can have significant impacts on the performance of backcalculation software and, sometimes, the final solutions of the backcalculated moduli. Practically all backcalculation programs provide internally generated seed moduli for backcalculation analysis. However, as the internally generated seed moduli do not always produce satisfactory results, the use of user-input seed moduli is generally encouraged. With the aim of providing useful guidance in the choice of seed moduli, a seed modulus generation algorithm, 2L-BACK, for multilayer flexible pavements based on a closed-form modulus backcalculation solution for two-layer flexible pavement structures was developed. The proposed algorithm does not require any subjective judgment by the user. An evaluation analysis of the effectiveness of the proposed procedure is presented by the use of two types of backcalculation software, MICHBACK and EVERCALC, and is based on measured and computed data for flexible pavement segments from the Long-Term Pavement Performance project. A comparison was made of the backcalculation program performance and the computed moduli of solutions obtained from internally generated seed moduli and those obtained from seed moduli generated by the proposed algorithm. It was found that the proposed seed modulus generation algorithm led to enhanced program performance of MICHBACK with respect to convergence characteristics and the accuracies of the backcalculated solutions. In comparison, the corresponding improvements for the case of EVERCALC were less. The proposed seed modulus generation algorithm does not suffer from the location and pavement type transferability constraints of most regression-based seed modulus generation methods. The results of the study suggest that the algorithm can be effectively incorporated into backcalculation software for multilayer flexible pavements.
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Fu, Guozhi, Cheng Xue, Yanqing Zhao, Dandan Cao, and Mohsen Alae. "Accuracy evaluation of statically backcalculated layer properties of asphalt pavements from falling weight deflectometer data." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 47, no. 3 (March 2020): 317–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjce-2019-0152.

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This study is to evaluate the dynamic effects of falling weight deflectometer (FWD) loading on the surface deflection of asphalt pavement and the accuracy of statically backcalculated layer moduli from FWD data. The dynamic and static deflections were computed using the spectral element method and the layer elastic theory, respectively, for various pavement structures. The static deflection is considerably larger than the dynamic deflection for typical FWD loading and the normalized difference between static and dynamic deflections increases with increasing distance from the load center and decreases with increasing loading duration. The dynamic deflections were utilized to backcalculate the layer moduli using two static backcalculation procedures, MODULUS and EVERCALC. The backcalculated moduli can be significantly different from the actual moduli. The results indicate that the static backcalculation procedure can lead to significant errors in the backcalculated layer moduli by ignoring the dynamic effects of FWD loading.
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Ksaibati, Khaled, Jamshid Armaghani, and Jason Fisher. "Effect of Moisture on Modulus Values of Base and Subgrade Materials." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1716, no. 1 (January 2000): 20–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1716-03.

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Moisture in the base and subgrade layers of pavement can significantly decrease the modulus values of these layers. Recently, a study was performed on several Florida state roads for the purpose of evaluating the decrease in moduli of bases and subgrades due to the proximity of the water table. Dynaflect and falling weight deflectometer (FWD) tests were performed on pavement test sections throughout Florida for the purpose of backcalculation of the modulus values of the different layers. Testing was performed at different times of the year, and the water table fluctuations were recorded throughout the study. The Dynaflect and FWD deflections, water contents, depths to water table, layer thicknesses, pavement temperatures, and air temperatures were recorded on all test sections over a 5-year period. EVERCALC was used for back-calculation of modulus values on the basis of FWD tests. The Dynaflect data were also used for calculation of layer properties on the basis of a procedure developed by the Florida Department of Transportation. Both Dynaflect and FWD showed that the water table had a significant negative impact on the modulus values of the base and subgrade materials. Such results are extremely beneficial aids for establishing acceptable embankment depths so that the effects of moisture on the modulus values of pavements may be reduced.
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Zhou, Haiping, Gonzalo R. Rada, and Gary E. Elkins. "Investigation of Backcalculated Moduli Using Deflections Obtained at Various Locations in a Pavement Structure." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1570, no. 1 (January 1997): 96–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1570-12.

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The interpretation and use of deflection measurements on the prepared surfaces of the various pavement layers during construction are examined. Measurements were obtained from four asphalt concrete pavement test sections, two with unbound aggregate base and two with bituminous-treated base over an untreated aggregate base. Deflection basin measurements using a falling weight deflectometer were performed on the prepared surfaces of the subgrade, base layers, and asphalt concrete layers. The elastic moduli of each layer were computed using the EVERCALC backcalculation program. The primary finding from this investigation is that deflection measurements on the subgrade and base layers during construction can be used to control construction uniformity and provide checks on mechanistic-based pavement design assumptions. Also, subgrade uniformity has a profound impact on the entire pavement structure and subgrade variations affect total deflections and computed layer moduli of all successive layers. The backcalculated modulus is directly related to the stress state in the layer. For unbound aggregate bases, the backcalculated elastic modulus decreases with a decrease in the bulk stress, and for fine-grained subgrade soil, the backcalculated elastic modulus increased with a decrease in the deviator stress. As expected, a higher and more variable root-mean-square basin fit error value was obtained for measurements on unbound material as compared with measurements on bound material surfaces.
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6

Shoukry, Samir N. "Backcalculation of Thermally Deformed Concrete Pavements." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1716, no. 1 (January 2000): 64–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1716-08.

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Nonlinear explicit three-dimensional finite element (3-D FE) modeling is used to investigate the performance of the falling weight deflectometer (FWD) test in the evaluation of layer moduli of jointed plain concrete pavements (JPCP) subjected to nonlinear thermal gradient through the slab thickness. Concrete slab separation from the base, in-plane friction at the concrete-base interface, the gravitational forces, and the interface characteristics between dowel bars and surrounding concrete are all represented in the 3-D FE model. Experimental verification of the model is obtained through comparison of the 3-D FE generated response to ( a) the FWD measured deflection basin and ( b) the measured response of an instrumented rigid pavement section located in Ohio to a loaded truck moving at 21.8 m/s (48 mph). Several cases of linear and nonlinear thermal gradients are applied to the model, and deflection basins are obtained. Two backcalculation programs, MODULUS 5.0 and EVERCALC 4.0, are used for prediction of the layer moduli in each case, and the values are compared. The results indicate that thermal curling of the slab due to negative thermal gradient has little effect on the accuracy of backcalculated moduli. Warping of the slab due to positive thermal gradient greatly influences the measured FWD deflection basin and leads to significant errors in the backcalculated moduli. These errors may be minimized if the time an FWD test is conducted falls between the late afternoon and midmorning (from 5:30 p.m. to 9:30 a.m. during summer in West Virginia).
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7

Asprey, Anne. "The reality of Evercare." Primary Health Care 14, no. 4 (May 2004): 21–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/phc.14.4.21.s15.

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8

Donald, I. P. "Is Evercare too late?" Age and Ageing 34, no. 2 (January 11, 2005): 199. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ageing/afi051.

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While, Alison. "Lessons from the Evercare evaluation." British Journal of Community Nursing 12, no. 1 (January 2007): 46. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/bjcn.2007.12.1.22692.

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10

Fraser, Aileen, Martin Howard, Jane Alder, Sam Boobier, Vanessa Burke, and Joanne Chambers. "Across cultures implementing the Evercare model." Nursing Older People 17, no. 7 (October 2005): 16–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/nop2005.10.17.7.16.c2388.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "EVERCALC"

1

Sveinsdóttir, Berglind Ösp. "Pavement behaviour evaluation during spring thaw based on the falling weight deflectometer method." Thesis, KTH, Transportvetenskap, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-45981.

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The bearing capacity of a road decreases greatly during spring thaw, when the previously frozen road begins to thaw. The extent of this decrease can be evaluated by making Falling Weight Deflectomter (FWD) measurements on the road, measuring the deflection of the road when an impact load is applied to it. The bearing capacity of the road can then be evaluated by backcalculating the layer modules with backcalculation programs, or through more simple calculations based on the deflection basin indices. Both analyses were carried out in this thesis with data from FWD measurements which were carried out on county road Lv 126 in Southern Sweden during the year 2010. The temperature and moisture content of the road were monitored during the same time. The aim with the thesis was to compare the two ways of analyses, and to find out if there is some relationship between them and the measured environmental data. The results showed that the base course layer and subbase decreased in stiffness during spring thaw about 50% while the decrease in the subgrade was 20%, compared to the backcalculated summer and autumn value. The results of the simple calculations from the deflection basin indices were well comparable to the backcalculation results. By comparing the backcalculated stiffness values to the moisture content measurements it was stated that the stiffness decreased as the moisture content increased.
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Books on the topic "EVERCALC"

1

L, Kane Robert. Evaluation of the Evercare demonstration program: Final report. Minneapolis, Minn.]: Division of Health Service Research and Policy, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, 2002.

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2

Ltd, ICON Group. EVERCEL, INC.: International Competitive Benchmarks and Financial Gap Analysis (Financial Performance Series). 2nd ed. Icon Group International, 2000.

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Ltd, ICON Group. EVERCEL, INC.: Labor Productivity Benchmarks and International Gap Analysis (Labor Productivity Series). 2nd ed. Icon Group International, 2000.

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