Academic literature on the topic 'Evidence combination'

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Journal articles on the topic "Evidence combination"

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Yin Liu, Yin Liu, and Yang Zhang Yin Liu. "A Weighted Evidence Combination Method for Multisensor Data Fusion." 網際網路技術學刊 23, no. 3 (2022): 553–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.53106/160792642022052303013.

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<p>Multisensor information fusion exerts a key part in lots of practical usages. Dempster-shafer evidence theory has drawn extensive attention in many scopes of information fusion due to its flexibility and effectiveness in dealing with uncertain data without aforehand data. But when combining highly contradictory evidence with Dempster’s combinatorial principles, it can result in counterintuitive results. To solve the issue, the study proposes a multi-sensor data weighted evidence combination fusion method based on inter-evidence difference measure. Firstly, different measures including
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Shafer, Glenn. "The combination of evidence." International Journal of Intelligent Systems 1, no. 3 (1986): 155–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/int.4550010302.

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Wu, Shang, and Guo Chu Chen. "Combination of Conflicting Evidence Based on Relative Entropy." Applied Mechanics and Materials 724 (January 2015): 318–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.724.318.

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Combination of conflicting evidence usually resulted in illogical outcome. In order to solve this problem, an approach to acquire evidence reliability based on relative entropy was proposed by researching the evidence theory and relative entropy. Firstly, the weights of evidences were calculated by evidence distance, reference evidence was obtained by weighting and meaning. Then relative reliabilities were achieved by calculating the relative entropy between original evidence and reference evidence. In the end, final outcome was achieved by D-S composition. This method can commendably extract
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Lee, Joon Ho. "Analyses of multiple evidence combination." ACM SIGIR Forum 31, SI (1997): 267–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/278459.258587.

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Lesmo, Leonardo, Lorenza Saitta, and Pietro Torasso. "Evidence combination in expert systems." International Journal of Man-Machine Studies 22, no. 3 (1985): 307–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0020-7373(85)80006-7.

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Liu, Jian. "Weighted Combination Method of Conflict Evidence Based on Deviation." Advanced Materials Research 457-458 (January 2012): 1581–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.457-458.1581.

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To solve the problem that D-S evidence combination method may lose effectiveness when evidences are highly or full conflict, we propose weighted combination method of conflict evidence based on deviation. We think, different evidence source is under different circumstance, so the importance of each evidence is different. It is necessary to give weight to every evidence, then conflict probability can only just be assigned. Deviation is a good standard to measure errors. In the circumstance the difference between probabilities from certain evidence source and their mean is too large, that indica
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Kalhan, Atul, and Alan Rees. "Statin/ezetimibe combination therapy: emerging evidence." Current Opinion in Lipidology 22, no. 2 (2011): 146–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/mol.0b013e3283447835.

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Florea, Mihai Cristian, Anne-Laure Jousselme, Éloi Bossé, and Dominic Grenier. "Robust combination rules for evidence theory." Information Fusion 10, no. 2 (2009): 183–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.inffus.2008.08.007.

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Liu, Weiru, and Jun Hong. "Reinvestigating Dempster's Idea on Evidence Combination." Knowledge and Information Systems 2, no. 2 (2000): 223–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s101150050012.

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Yang, Jian-Bo, and Dong-Ling Xu. "Evidential reasoning rule for evidence combination." Artificial Intelligence 205 (December 2013): 1–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.artint.2013.09.003.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Evidence combination"

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Valvåg, Ottar Viken. "Multiple evidence combination in information retrieval." Thesis, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Department of Computer and Information Science, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-9151.

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Hong, Xin. "Heuristic knowledge representation and evidence combination parallelization." Thesis, University of Ulster, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.365938.

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Vogt, Christopher C. "Adaptive combination of evidence for information retrieval /." Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 1999. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p9935458.

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Brejova, Bronislava. "Evidence Combination in Hidden Markov Models for Gene Prediction." Thesis, University of Waterloo, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/1036.

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This thesis introduces new techniques for finding genes in genomic sequences. Genes are regions of a genome encoding proteins of an organism. Identification of genes in a genome is an important step in the annotation process after a new genome is sequenced. The prediction accuracy of gene finding can be greatly improved by using experimental evidence. This evidence includes homologies between the genome and databases of known proteins, or evolutionary conservation of genomic sequence in different species. <br /><br /> We propose a flexible framework to incorporate several different
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Apperley, David Charles. "Connectionist combination of evidence sources in automatic speech recognition." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.387539.

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Tsikrika, Theodora. "Combination of evidence for relevance criteria in web information retrieval." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.515454.

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Seims, Scott J. "A Study of Dempster-Shafer's Theory of Evidence in Comparison to Classical Probability Combination." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2009. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/89.

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ABSTRACT A Study of Dempster-Shafer’s Theory of Evidence in Comparison to Classical Probability Combination Scott J. Seims This thesis is an assessment on the effectiveness of Dempster-Shafer’s Theory of Evidence in comparison to Classical Probabilistic Combination as it applies to Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Automatic Target Recognition (ATR). A three feature based classifier (peaks, corners and edges) ATR system is presented. These classifiers are assumed to be independent. The results of both the weight-based Maximum Likelihood and Dempster-Shafer’s Theory of Evidence data fusion techn
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Twyman, Alexandra Dawn. "INTEGRATION OF FEATURAL AND GEOMETRIC INFORMATION IN REORIENTATION: EVIDENCE FOR AN ADAPTIVE COMBINATION MODEL." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2011. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/158224.

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Psychology<br>Ph.D.<br>This paper examines the integration of geometric and feature cues in spatial memory with a modified version of the spatial reorientation task. Proponents of the geometric module position argue that there is an encapsulated reorientation module, and that true reorientation is accomplished only via geometry (Lee & Spelke, 2010). Features can be used in a second and separate step, but only to locate a goal rather than as a reorientation cue. In contrast, proponents of the adaptive combination approach argue that geometry and feature cues are integrated in spatial memory and
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Chyan, Vivian, Megan Shell, and Lisa Goldstone. "Evidence-Based Use of Prophylactic Anticholinergic Medication in Combination with Antipsychotic Pharmacotherapy in an Acute Inpatient Psychiatric Setting." The University of Arizona, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/614026.

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Class of 2015 Abstract<br>Objectives: The study aimed to increase EPS risk factor assessment when prescribers order prophylactic anticholinergics with antipsychotics. An evidence-based pharmacist checklist card was developed to aid in this decision making process. Methods: A retrospective chart review of patients admitted to the acute inpatient psychiatry units at an academic medical center was conducted to determine baseline prophylactic anticholinergic prescribing habits over a two-month period. Charts were included if the patient was at least 18 years old and ordered at least one scheduled
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Das, Neves Fernando Adrian. "Stepping Stones and Pathways:Improving Retrieval by Chains of Relationships between Documents." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/29419.

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The information retrieval (IR) field has been successful in developing techniques to address many types of information needs. However, there are cases in which traditional approaches to IR are not able to produce adequate results. Examples include: when a small set of (2-3) documents is needed as an answer rather than a single document, or when "query splitting" is required to satisfactorily explore the document space. We explore an alternative model of building and presenting retrieval results for such cases. In particular, we research effective methods for handling information needs that may
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Books on the topic "Evidence combination"

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Hong, Xin. Heuristic knowledge representation and evidence combination parallelization. The Author], 2001.

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Roux, Cecil Le. On the interface of morphology and syntax: Evidence from verb-particle combinations in Afrikaans. University of Stellenbosch, 1988.

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Serpell, Mick G. Antineuropathic medication combination therapy. Edited by Paul Farquhar-Smith, Pierre Beaulieu, and Sian Jagger. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198834359.003.0068.

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The landmark paper discussed in this chapter is ‘Morphine, gabapentin, or their combination for neuropathic pain’, published by Gilron et al. in 2005. Although combination drug therapies for neuropathic pain had long been suggested, this seminal paper provided the first evidence for efficacy of combination therapy of mechanistically distinct medications in analgesia, using morphine in combination with gabapentin in post-herpetic neuralgia or diabetic neuropathy. Combination therapy had greater efficacy than gabapentin alone and was equally effective as morphine alone but with a lower dose of m
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Kitay, Brandon M., and Michael H. Bloch. Exposure and Ritual Prevention, Clomipramine, or Their Combination for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder. Edited by Ish P. Bhalla, Rajesh R. Tampi, Vinod H. Srihari, and Michael E. Hochman. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190625085.003.0029.

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This chapter provides a summary of a landmark study on the management of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) in adults. Is the combination of exposure and ritual prevention (a cognitive behavior therapy based intervention) along with clomipramine more efficacious than monotherapy with either treatment for OCD? Starting with that question, it describes the basics of the study, including funding, study location, who was studied, how many patients, study design, study interventions, follow-up, endpoints, results, and criticism and limitations. The chapter briefly reviews other relevant studies an
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Pfiffner, Linda J., and Lauren M. Haack. Nonpharmacologic Treatments for Childhood Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Their Combination with Medication. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med:psych/9780199342211.003.0003.

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Of the nonpharmacological treatments for childhood attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), behavioral interventions have the largest evidence base. Current behavioral interventions include behavioral parent training, behavioral classroom management, child skills training, behavioral multicomponent interventions, and multimodal treatment, which combines behavioral interventions and medication. This updated review of studies reveals significant behavioral treatment effects from randomized controlled trials on a wide range of child outcomes including ADHD and oppositional defiant disorde
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Falco, Paolo, Henrik Hansen, John Rand, Finn Tarp, and Neda Trifković. Good business practices improve productivity in Myanmar’s manufacturing sector: Evidence from two matched employer–employee surveys. 45th ed. UNU-WIDER, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.35188/unu-wider/2021/983-9.

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We look into the relationship between business practices and enterprise productivity using panel data with matched employer and employee information from Myanmar. The data show that micro, small, and medium-size enterprises in Myanmar typically do only a few modern business practices. Even so, through estimates of value-added functions and labour demand relations we find a positive and economically important association between business practices and productivity. The results are confirmed when we utilize employer–employee information to estimate Mincer-type wage regressions. In combination, t
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Sawitzke, Allen D., and Daniel O. Clegg. Supplements for the treatment of osteoarthritis. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199668847.003.0031.

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Foodstuffs have long been thought to affect health beyond just their supply of calories. Some have been used as a ‘dietary supplement’ to health and thereby aid patients with osteoarthritis. The evidence demonstrating the effectiveness of using dietary supplements to improve pain or protect the structure of the joint is not complete, but some preliminary conclusions are possible. This chapter is an inclusive review of the current published evidence for selected commonly recommended dietary supplements for the treatment of osteoarthritis. Among the dietary supplements, the most credible evidenc
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Miriam, Goldby. Part I How Practices Become Norms: The Continued Development of Shipping Law, 3 Enforceability of ‘Spontaneous Law’ in England: Some Evidence from Recent Shipping Cases. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198757948.003.0003.

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This chapter analyses the process of rule-making in the maritime transport industry. It uses the term ‘spontaneous law’ to refer to norms that emerge as a result of regular and repeated interactions among participants in shipping networks, interactions that create common understandings as to how contractual obligations undertaken are to be performed. The rule-making activity results in a combination of articulated or expressed rules that are enforceable directly as a result of the formation of a valid and binding contract; and unexpressed (or implicit) understandings that form part of the cont
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Overview of Secret Combinations and Evidence of the Conspiracy Today. Independently Published, 2020.

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Blasi, Joseph R., Richard B. Freeman, and Douglas L. Kruse. Evidence. Edited by Jonathan Michie, Joseph R. Blasi, and Carlo Borzaga. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199684977.013.15.

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Sharing the fruits of labour with workers has led to initiatives of both profit-sharing and worker ownership. Several decades of research shows that firms with worker ownership and profit-sharing tend to do better on average. A variety of studies, those comparing firms before and after they initiated worker ownership, those comparing workers in the same firm with and without worker ownership, and those looking at combinations of worker ownership and profit-sharing, find the same results. Evidence from large groups of firms and large samples of workers show that a supportive corporate culture i
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Book chapters on the topic "Evidence combination"

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Neutel, Joel. "The Evidence Base for Combination Therapy." In Combination Therapy in Hypertension. Springer Healthcare Ltd., 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-908517-28-9_5.

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Choi, Heeyoul, Anup Katake, Seungjin Choi, Yoonseop Kang, and Yoonsuck Choe. "Probabilistic Combination of Multiple Evidence." In Neural Information Processing. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-10677-4_34.

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Xue, Dawei, Yong Wang, Chunlan Yang, and Kangkai Gao. "Evidence Combination Based on Singular Value." In Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing. Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-70990-1_36.

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Spies, Marcus. "Imprecision in Human Combination of Evidence." In Progress in Fuzzy Sets and Systems. Springer Netherlands, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-2019-4_14.

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Salicone, Simona, and Marco Prioli. "The Combination of the Possibility Distributions." In Measuring Uncertainty within the Theory of Evidence. Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-74139-0_10.

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Rizzo, Giuseppe, Claudia d’Amato, Nicola Fanizzi, and Floriana Esposito. "Assertion Prediction with Ontologies through Evidence Combination." In Uncertainty Reasoning for the Semantic Web II. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-35975-0_15.

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Magiria, Stamatia, Melina Siamouli, Xenia Gonda, Apostolos Iacovides, and Konstantinos N. Fountoulakis. "Evidence Based Combination Therapy for Bipolar Disorder." In Polypharmacy in Psychiatry Practice, Volume II. Springer Netherlands, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-5799-8_9.

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Salicone, Simona, and Marco Prioli. "The Combination of the Random-Fuzzy Variables." In Measuring Uncertainty within the Theory of Evidence. Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-74139-0_18.

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Abdala, Daniel Duarte, and Xiaoyi Jiang. "An Evidence Accumulation Approach to Constrained Clustering Combination." In Machine Learning and Data Mining in Pattern Recognition. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-03070-3_27.

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Abberley, Dave, and Phil Green. "Evidence Combination in Speech Recognition Using Neural Networks." In Speech Recognition and Coding. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-57745-1_73.

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Conference papers on the topic "Evidence combination"

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Wang, Ziye, and Jianyu Xiao. "A Conflicting Evidence Fusion Method Based on Game Theory Combination Weighting." In 2024 2nd International Conference on Computer, Vision and Intelligent Technology (ICCVIT). IEEE, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1109/iccvit63928.2024.10872552.

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Yang, Chunlan, and Dawei Xue. "A novel evidence discounting for conflicting evidences combination." In 2017 2nd IEEE International Conference on Computational Intelligence and Applications (ICCIA). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ciapp.2017.8167254.

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Chen, Yanfei, Xuezhi Xia, Yu An, and Shun Ge. "Conflict evidence combination based on evidence classification strategy." In 2013 Chinese Automation Congress (CAC). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cac.2013.6775722.

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Lee, Joon Ho. "Analyses of multiple evidence combination." In the 20th annual international ACM SIGIR conference. ACM Press, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/258525.258587.

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Chen, Rong Li, and Xi Bin Wang. "Combination Method of Evidence Grouping." In 2015 International Conference on Automation, Mechanical Control and Computational Engineering. Atlantis Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/amcce-15.2015.36.

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Hongbin, Jin, Lan Jiangqiao, and Li Hongfei. "A new evidence combination method." In 2010 2nd International Conference on Future Computer and Communication. IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icfcc.2010.5497765.

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Aslandogan, Y. Alp, and Clement T. Yu. "Multiple evidence combination in image retrieval." In the 23rd annual international ACM SIGIR conference. ACM Press, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/345508.345553.

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Aslandogan, Y. A., and G. A. Mahajani. "Evidence combination in medical data mining." In International Conference on Information Technology: Coding and Computing, 2004. Proceedings. ITCC 2004. IEEE, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/itcc.2004.1286697.

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Wei, Yongchao. "An Improved Universal Evidence Combination Method." In 2017 International Conference on Computer Network, Electronic and Automation (ICCNEA). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccnea.2017.16.

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Li, Bicheng, Bo Wang, Jun Wei, Yuqi Huang, and Zhigang Guo. "Efficient combination rule of evidence theory." In Multispectral Image Processing and Pattern Recognition, edited by Jun Shen, Sharatchandra Pankanti, and Runsheng Wang. SPIE, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.441655.

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Reports on the topic "Evidence combination"

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SENTZ, KARI, and SCOTT FERSON. Combination of Evidence in Dempster-Shafer Theory. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/800792.

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Darwish, Kareem, and Douglas W. Oard. CLIR Experiments at Maryland for TREC-2002: Evidence Combination for Arabic-English Retrieval. Defense Technical Information Center, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada452814.

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Goodman, I. R. Assignment of Single Values to Probability Intervals, Evaluation of Conditional Events, and Applications to Combination of Evidence. Defense Technical Information Center, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada240258.

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Maffioli, Alessandro, Lina Salazar, Lucas Figal Garone, and Victoria Castillo. Tourism Policy, a Big Push to Employment: Evidence from a Multiple Synthetic Control Approach. Inter-American Development Bank, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0011673.

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This paper investigates the impact of tourism policy on employment, using the Tourism Development Policy (TDP) implemented in the Argentinean province of Salta during the years of 2003 to 2010 as a case study. Following the Synthetic Control Method for comparative case studies, we use a combination of non-treated Argentinean provinces to construct a synthetic control province which resembles relevant characteristics of Salta before the TDP implementation. Given the dual focus of the evaluated policy -one specific sector in one province- we also construct a synthetic control for the tourism sec
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Deng, Jianhao, jiaxing Zhang, QingXia Zhang, and Guowei Zhong. Serotonin syndrome with dextromethorphan alone and in combination with other serotonergic drugs. a systematic review. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.5.0079.

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Review question / Objective: To assess the evidence for serotonin syndrome occurring in the context of dextromethorphan administration. To assess concurrent medication to see if there are associations with 1) other serotonergic medication. Condition being studied: It is uncertain whether use of dextromethorphan alone or in therapeutic doses can cause Serotonin syndrome (SS). Also, SS by dextromethorphan has not previously been systematically reviewed. Therefore, the main aim is to present a systematic review and summary of these studies.
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Arias Ortiz, Elena, Julian P. Cristia, Ofer Malamud, and Carolina Méndez. Promoting Technology Adoption in Schools: Preliminary Evidence from Peru. Inter-American Development Bank, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0013123.

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This paper investigates the effectiveness of different interventions to promote teacher adoption and sustained use of a Computer-Assisted Learning (CAL) platform in public schools in Lima, Peru. The study evaluates three strategies: schoolwide workshops, targeted workshops for selected teachers, and a combination of workshops and personalized coaching. Using a large-scale randomized controlled trial involving low-performing schools, we find that all strategies significantly increased teacher registration and initial student engagement with the platform. Teachers who participated in workshops e
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Savedoff, William D. Is Anybody Listening?: Ignoring Evidence in the Latin American Health Reform Debates. Inter-American Development Bank, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0008923.

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Throughout Latin America and the Caribbean, countries are in the midst of debates about their health systems. Frequently, the characteristics of reforms in one country are used to promote or criticize particular proposals in another. Despite the great importance and potential from learning from external models, evidence frequently makes very little difference to the way models are perceived and described in the political and social arena. To illustrate this point, the author takes Chile as an example, a country whose health reform has been widely decried as the most horrible of neo-liberal hea
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Dias, Rita, Miguel Rocha, Lucía Manrique, Sílvia Fraga, and Paula Meireles. HIV Prevention Combination Among Men who have Sex with Men: a scoping review protocol. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.10.0071.

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Review question / Objective: To map the evidence regarding the combination of prevention strategies used by MSM to manage their HIV risk, assessing how this has been studied and how HIV prevention strategies are being combined by MSM. Eligibility criteria: We will include published scientific documents found through the search expression in the Web of Science, PubMed, and Scopus databases, about HIV prevention in HIV negative MSM. Studies about non-human animals and females will be excluded, as well as non-scientific documents and reports, editorials, opinion papers, comments, revisions, or jo
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Roland-Holst, David, Kamalbek Karymshakov, Burulcha Sulaimanova, and Kadyrbek Sultakeev. ICT, Online Search Behavior, and Remittances: Evidence from the Kyrgyz Republic. Asian Development Bank Institute, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.56506/fepw3647.

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Infrastructure has always been a fundamental driver of long-term economic growth, but in recent decades information and communication technology (ICT) has supported and accelerated the growth of the global economy in ways beyond the imagining of our ancestors. We examine the role of ICT infrastructure in facilitating labor markets' access and remittance flows for workers from the Kyrgyz Republic. Using a combination of traditional high frequency macroeconomic data and real time internet search information from Google Trends, we take a novel approach to explaining the inflow of remittances to a
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Cumberbatch, Janice, Fabian Hinds, Leonardo Corral, et al. The Impact of Coastal Infrastructure Improvements on Economic Growth: Evidence from Barbados. Inter-American Development Bank, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0011763.

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This paper presents the first rigorous impact evaluation of a shoreline stabilization program in Barbados and attempts to assess whether shoreline stabilization investments indeed have beneficial effects on medium-term economic growth in Small Island Developing States through stimulating tourism demand and real estate development. The analysis relies on a carefully designed geographic information systems (GIS) dataset, which comprises extensive panel data from Barbados' touristic West and South Coasts on key infrastructure, beach characteristics, and real estate activity, as well as remotely-s
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