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Journal articles on the topic 'Evolution History 19th century'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 10 December 2022

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Drăgoi, Eugen. "The Monachism in Dobrogea from the 19th century to 1918." Analele Universităţii "Dunărea de Jos" din Galaţi Fascicula XIX Istorie 8 (November 27, 2009): 61–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.35219/history.2009.02.

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In Dobrogea, the development of spiritual life soared at the beginning of the 19th century, after having undergone for centuries the Ottoman oppression. As the Ottoman authorities became more and more tolerant in their relations with the needs of their Christian subjects, as a last attempt at keeping the empire united, several churches were built, which are to become spiritual centers of the utmost importance. After Dobrogea was given back to Romanian in 1878, the monasteries and churches on its territory were annexed to the Romanian Orthodox Church and thus begun to soar. The hereby study wit

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Gómez, Juan. "Photography in Argentina: History and evolution in the 19th century." History of Photography 14, no. 2 (1990): 181–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03087298.1990.10441045.

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Havlíček, Marek, Aleš Vyskočil, Martin Caletka, et al. "History of Using Hydropower in the Moravice River Basin, Czechia." Water 14, no. 6 (2022): 916. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w14060916.

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Water-powered facilities (WPFs) have traditionally been a pillar of the economy and social development. Therefore, the state took an interest in having these objects recorded and mapped in relevant maps and registers. This article focuses on identifying and localizing WPFs in the Moravice River basin in the so-called Sudetenland, Czechia, between the years 1763 and 2021. Specifically, the evolution and (dis)continuity of the WPFs are assessed through an analysis of cartographic and archival sources, reflecting the wider socioeconomic and demographic context as explanatory variables. The cartog

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Fenwick, D. "The History of Anaesthetic Mortality Reporting." Anaesthesia and Intensive Care 35, no. 1_suppl (2007): 21–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0310057x0703501s04.

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Anaesthetists are acutely aware of the legal constraint of reporting to the coroner deaths in association with anaesthesia. The evolution of the office of the coroner in England is presented and the relationship with the discovery and evolution of anaesthesia is examined. The legal and medical climate in the 19th century is described, with some of the key participants named and their roles explained. The 19th century was an age of questioning and exploration, which led to the elucidation of the problems with chloroform and set the path for progress in monitoring in anaesthesia. Comments are ma

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Caixeta, Leonardo, Jean Newton Lima Costa, Ana Caroline Marques Vilela, and Magno da Nóbrega. "The development of the dementia concept in 19th century." Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria 72, no. 7 (2014): 564–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0004-282x20140069.

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The dementia concept has been reformulated through its history and the 19th century was remarkable in the construction of this concept as we understand it today. Like other syndromes, much of the history of the dementia concept comes from the attempt to separate it from other nosological conditions, giving it a unique identity. The fundamental elements for the arising of the dementia modern concept were: a) correlation of the observed syndrome with organic-cerebral lesions; b) understanding of the irreversibility of the dementia evolution; c) its relation with human ageing; and d) the choice o

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Arkhipov, Egor A., and Sergey I. Zotov. "HISTORY OF URBAN GEOECOLOGICAL RESEARCH." IKBFU's Vestnik. Series: Natural and Medical Sciences, no. 2 (2025): 68–83. https://doi.org/10.5922/vestniknat-2025-2-4.

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This article examines the history of geoecological research on cities, tracing developments from the origins of the field to current trends. The following key stages in the evolution of geoecological studies of urban areas are identified: (1) early research, spanning from the 19th century to the early 20th century; (2) the development of geoecology and urban ecology in the mid-20th century; (3) the rise of eco-urbanism and sustainable development during the 1970s—1990s; and (4) contemporary trends of the early 21st century. Particular attention is given to how the historical trajectory of geoe

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Stigleţ, Vera. "Historical-cultural references about the Greek-Romanian School of the Neamţ Monastery." Analele Universităţii "Dunărea de Jos" din Galaţi Fascicula XIX Istorie 21 (March 15, 2023): 93–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.35219/history.2022.02.

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The range of the 19th-century priests who activated at the Neamț Monastery includes the archimandrite Neonil Buzilă. The account of his contribution to the actions of the ecclesiastical, cultural, and political life conducted within the premises of this place of worship has been published in scientific volumes. The paper features the outcomes of the cultural irradiation of Neonil’s School, reified in the training of specialised monks, translations, and typographer masters who disseminated their teachings and literacy. He was also a visionary as he predicted the role of education and culture in

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Belyakov, S. S. "The history of Ural literature. 19th century. In 2 vols." Voprosy literatury, no. 4 (September 23, 2022): 288–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.31425/0042-8795-2022-4-288-293.

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The review deals with a monograph co-authored by 61 scholars from 19 research centres located in Russia and across the world. The authors chose to follow a geographical approach, counting all writers who had ever resided in the Urals and surrounding area (Western Siberia) as belonging to the region’s literature, irrespective of their ethnicity. The book discusses the history of Russian literature in the Urals in the first and second halves of the 19th c., as well as literatures created by the Bashkir, the Udmurt, and the Komi — the peoples inhabiting the Urals alongside Russians. The authors o

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Jiang, Xiao-Wei, John Cherry, and Li Wan. "Flowing wells: terminology, history and role in the evolution of groundwater science." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 24, no. 12 (2020): 6001–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-6001-2020.

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Abstract. The gushing of water from flowing wells attracted public attention and scientific curiosity as early as the 17th century, but little attention has been paid to the influence of flowing wells on the evolution of groundwater science. This study asserts that questions posed by flowing wells since the early 19th century led to the birth of many fundamental concepts and principles of physical hydrogeology. Due to the widespread occurrence of flowing wells in basins with regional aquitards, there is a long-lasting misconception that flowing wells could only occur in regionally confined aqu

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Deryugina, I. V. "THE ECONOMIC HISTORY OF KAZAKHSTAN AGRICULTURAL EVOLUTION AT THE TURN OF THE 19TH–20TH CENTURIES." Journal of the Institute of Oriental Studies RAS, no. 1 (11) (2020): 240–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.31696/2618-7302-2020-1-240-254.

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The paper explores the evolution of agriculture in Kazakhstan during its accession to the Russian Empire. At this time, two independent sectors were established in the uniform agricultural mechanism of Kazakhstan: The arable farming, which developed due to the colonization policy of the Russian government, and the livestock sector, based on the traditional cattle breeding, originating in Kazakh steppe. The focus of the research is specifically determined by the fact that the agrarian reforms in Kazakhstan in the 21st century are based on the coexistence of these two independent sectors in agri

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Ioniță, Nicolae. "Portraits of the Romanian Politicians from the End of the 19th Century in German Diplomatic Documents." Analele Universităţii "Dunărea de Jos" din Galaţi Fascicula XIX Istorie 7 (November 20, 2008): 147–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.35219/history.2008.08.

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Abstract: From the point of view of the Romanian-German relations, the period between the Congress of Berlin and the beginning of the “Balkan Crisis” is a privileged one. One could explain this situation by the following facts: the above-mentioned countries had the same political and economical interests; the importance of the Romanian natural resources for the German economy; the Romanian kingdom’s need and desire to take advantages against the Russian empire’s claims, being protected by a great European power. Another proof of the significance granted by the Reich to its new Eastern ally cou

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Magiorkinis, Emmanouil, Aristidis Diamantis, Kalliopi Sidiropoulou, and Christos Panteliadis. "Highights in the History of Epilepsy: The Last 200 Years." Epilepsy Research and Treatment 2014 (August 24, 2014): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/582039.

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The purpose of this study was to present the evolution of views on epilepsy as a disease and symptom during the 19th and the 20th century. A thorough study of texts, medical books, and reports along with a review of the available literature in PubMed was undertaken. The 19th century is marked by the works of the French medical school and of John Hughlings Jackson who set the research on epilepsy on a solid scientific basis. During the 20th century, the invention of EEG, the advance in neurosurgery, the discovery of antiepileptic drugs, and the delineation of underlying pathophysiological mecha

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Tudor, Brînduşa. "The Piano, A Perfect Musical Instrument – Beginnings and Evolution (18th – 19th Centuries)." Review of Artistic Education 17, no. 1 (2019): 100–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/rae-2019-0010.

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Abstract The 18th century and the beginning of the 19th century mark the emergence, development and affirmation of the piano as a complex instrument that shall take, in turns, the role of soloist instrument, claiming and being able to reach the sound variety of the orchestra, that of partner in chamber music assemblies or that of orchestra member. The emergence, improvement and qualitative performance acquisition adventure of the piano represents a fascinating history about human creativity and ingenuity serving art, beauty, sound expressivity refinement and improvement.

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Gao, Wanying, Zongzhen Wu, Kunlan Zuo, et al. "From Biosafety to National Security: The Evolution and Challenges of Biosafety Laboratories." Laboratories 1, no. 3 (2024): 158–73. https://doi.org/10.3390/laboratories1030013.

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From the perspective of science and technology history, we review the development history and key events of global biosafety laboratories to deepen our understanding of biosafety. The construction history of biosafety laboratories reveals the complex interactions between science, social needs, public health safety, and national security. From the recognition of laboratory infection incidents in the late 19th century to the potential hazards of biological warfare and the development of biotechnology in the mid-20th century, the gradual establishment of a laboratory biosafety level system to the

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15

Peretyatko, Artyom Yu. "Evolution of Demographic Studies of the Don Host in the Late Imperial Period." Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History 66, no. 4 (2021): 1063–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/11701/spbu02.2021.402.

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Demographic processes on the territory of the Don Host Oblast (until 1870 — Land) have been studied since the beginning of the 19th century. Therefore, in modern national historiography this topic is considered well researched, and scholars usually do not address it purposely, providing results obtained by pre-revolutionary authors. However, a deeper exploration of the situation reveals that pre-revolutionary authors pointed out serious inaccuracy of the Don statistics. In this paper, for the first time in historiography, it is shown that as far as in the 1860s a prominent statistician N. I. K

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Granstrem, Maria, and Milena Zolotareva. "Architectural and urban planning evolution of the industrial area near Moskovskaya Zastava in Saint Petersburg." E3S Web of Conferences 274 (2021): 01031. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202127401031.

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This paper discusses the urban planning history of an area in Saint Petersburg around the former Moskovskaya Zastava, a historical gateway that travelers passed through when approaching Saint Petersburg from Moscow. Specifically, we are interested in the architecture of the carriage building plant. By the end of the 19th century, this part of the city had turned into an industrial area, which saw dense development from 1897 to 1917. For the next one hundred years, this vast space did not see any transformations, constituting a complete, self-sufficient environment. The carriage building plant,

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17

Wang, Yining. "The Historical Evolution and Contemporary Challenges of British Press Freedom." Highlights in Business, Economics and Management 38 (July 22, 2024): 76–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/hqs9kk28.

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This paper discusses the history of press freedom in Britain. The article first defines the importance of the freedom of the press, and then reviews the history of the development of the freedom of the press in Britain. From the censorship of the press in the 16th century to the stamp duty in the 18th century, the government restricted the freedom of the press in various ways. After the 19th century, with the development of journalism, the government gradually relaxed its control over the news. In the 20th century, with the emergence of new media, press freedom was strengthened. But the govern

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18

Palavestra, Aleksandar, and Marko Porčić. "Archaeology, Evolution and Darwinism." Issues in Ethnology and Anthropology 3, no. 3 (2008): 81–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.21301/eap.v3i3.5.

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This paper presents a short history of the influence evolutionary thinking has had on anthropology and archaeology. The focus is on four major "schools" in evolutionist thought: the classical evolutionism of the 19th century, Neo-evolutionism, social biology (sociobiology) and Neo-Darwinian archaeology. The basic conclusion of this text is that the idea of socio-cultural evolution, understood in the broadest sense, has left a lasting impression on anthropological and archeological theory, and that it still represents a useful theoretical framework for new research.

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Oleart, Oriol. "From Legal Compilations to Legal Codes: A Catalan Legal History Approach (18th–20th Centuries)." International Journal of Legal Information 42, no. 1 (2014): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0731126500028225.

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This contribution deals with the evolution of the traditional Catalan legal system after the end of the Spanish War of Succession (early 18th-Century) up to the late 20th-Century. It shows how the traditional Catalan legal system survived and evolved through the end of the Old Regime to the 19th-Century constitutional system, and focuses on the traditional Catalan legal system (and law compilations) that survives beside the brand new Spanish Civil code, along with other Spanish existing regional legal regulations (due to historical surviving legal systems from pre-existing kingdoms).

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Sergeev, Alexander, Ekaterina Bratukhina, Irina Kushova, and Dmitriy Ovsyukov. "Liability of minors in russian criminal law practice XVIII — first half of XIX century." OOO "Zhurnal "Voprosy Istorii" 2020, no. 12-3 (2020): 242–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.31166/voprosyistorii202012statyi70.

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The article examines the historical aspects of the evolution of the legislative definition of the age of onset of criminal responsibility and the specifics of sentencing juvenile offenders in the 18th and first half of the 19th century.

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21

Dusil, Stephan. "Pfarrliche Vermögensorganisation zwischen Kirche und Staat: Kirchenpflegen (Kirchenfabriken) in Württemberg im 19. und beginnenden 20. Jahrhundert." Zeitschrift der Savigny-Stiftung für Rechtsgeschichte: Kanonistische Abteilung 108, no. 1 (2022): 243–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zrgk-2022-0006.

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Abstract The Administration of Ecclesiastical Goods between State and Church: Fabricae Ecclesiae in Wuerttemberg in the 19th and 20th centuries. Since the Middle Ages, fabricae ecclesiae served to finance the erection and the maintenance of churches. The Church claimed to freely administer these goods, even if lay men often served as administrators. In the 19th century, the Kingdom of Wuerttemberg took over control of these goods and ordered the state municipality, assisted by local clerics, to govern them. In 1887, the king of Wuerttemberg started a process to separate ecclesiastical from se

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Sinem Kucuk, Kamile. "The Sociocultural Aspects of Merchant Class in the Light of Russian Painting Art." European Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies 2, no. 1 (2016): 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/ejms.v2i1.p81-85.

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The merchant class, which contributed to the improvement of Russia, evolved due to politicial reforms. Especially in 1861 the emancipation reform of the Russian serfs caused social and culturel changes in the life of merchants. In 19th and early 20th century, the works of Russian genre painters P.A. Fedetov, A.P. Ryabushkin, V.G. Perov, F. Juravlev and B.M. Kustodiyev not only reflected the social situation and stereotypes of merchants, but also revealed cultural history of the mentioned class. In this paper it is aimed to disclose the evolution of merchant class in 19th and the early 20th cen

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Turitsyn, Igor, and Dmitry Turitsyn. "Russian-Chinese cooperation in the banking sector: historical experience and realities of the digitalization era." OOO "Zhurnal "Voprosy Istorii" 2021, no. 01 (2021): 121–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.31166/voprosyistorii202101statyi20.

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The article provides an overview of the main milestones in the evolution of Russian-Chinese cooperation in the financial and banking sector since the end of the 19th century. It is shown that its history has long traditions. Special attention is paid to the problems of developing cooperation in the 2010s.

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POZDNYAK, V. A., S. V. KHALIULLINA, and V. A. ANOKHIN. "History of studying acute intestinal infections of viral etiology." Practical medicine 21, no. 2 (2023): 26–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.32000/2072-1757-2023-2-26-32.

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The review presents the current state of the problem of acute intestinal infections (AII), the historical background of the role of intestinal infections in human life in the pre-scientific era, the main stages of understanding the causes and mechanisms of diarrheal syndrome at various historical periods. The characteristic is given of the relevance of widespread acute intestinal infections of unknown etiology at the turn of the 19th–20th centuries. The milestones of virology foundation and dynamic development are highlighted, as well as the history of the discovery and study of the most relev

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Boinitska, Olga. "AFTER WALTER SCOTT: THE ENGLISH HISTORICAL NOVEL OF THE 1830S – 1840S." Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Literary Studies. Linguistics. Folklore Studies, no. 36 (2024): 10–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/1728-2659.2024.36.02.

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Background. The study examines the unique evolution of the historical novel genre following its rise to prominence in the first half of the 19th century, driven by Walter Scott's "Waverley Novels". The further development of the genre in early Victorian and mid-19th century English literature is traced, particularly in the works of G. P. R. James, W. H. Ainsworth, E. Bulwer-Lytton, and C. Kingsley. The relevance of the study is determined by the need to reinterpret issues of history, and the interaction between history and literature in the context of contemporary literary discourse. The goal

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Faria, Alice Santiago. "Pangim between the past and the modernity. Building the city of New Goa, 1776-1921." Murphy. Journal of Architectural History and Theory 2, July 2007 (2007): 66–97. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7316565.

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"The history of the urbanistic evolution of Panjim [Panaji, Goa, India]  during the 19th century is the history of the slow but inexorable abandonment, both practical and ideological, of the Marquis of Pombal’s plan to ressuscitate Old Goa. At the same time, however, it is the history of the recovery of the more modernising and pragmatic aspects of that plan: the 1776 plan for Panjim on which the development of the city that we still know today was based."

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Yudina, Vera I. "The work of a lifetime… The history of Song collection of Piotr Kireyevsky." Vestnik slavianskikh kul’tur [Bulletin of Slavic Cultures] 63 (2022): 44–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.37816/2073-9567-2022-63-44-54.

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Piotr Vasilievich Kireyevsky entered the history of culture as one of the founders of Russian folkloristics. The present paper is an attempt to provide a systematic analysis of the work of researcher` entire life — the Collection of Russian Folk Songs, which became the first monumental set of works of folk art in Russian culture. P. Kireyevsky's song collection is considered in the aspect of interaction of various factors — cultural, historical, socio-ideological, artistic and aesthetic. Much attention is paid to the cultural and historical context of appearance of this work, which summarized

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Tsiganenko, L. F. "The Nobility of the Bessarabian Gubernia: Territorial, Historical-legal and Social Peculiarities of Its Formation (the First Part of the 19th Century)." Analele Universităţii "Dunărea de Jos" din Galaţi Fascicula XIX Istorie 5 (December 7, 2006): 111–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.35219/history.2006.05.

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The necessity of a complex and politically unprejudiced investigation of the history of the Bessarabian nobility is dictated by the peculiarities of the present period in the development of the home historical science and defined with the tendencies of reformation of the Ukrainian society. The elements of structural formation, the main outlines, conditions and the circumstances of development of Bessarabia, the peculiarities of its placing, numbers, business, cultural-educational and public activities are investigated. In this paper The policy of the tsar’s power concerning the Bessarabian nob

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Y.P., Nataraja. "TRACING THE HISTORY AND EVOLUTION OF HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT." Shanlax International Journal of Arts, Science and Humanities 6, S2 (2019): 19–25. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2566296.

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<em>An attempt is made in this paper is to analyse the tracing the history and evolution of human resource management. One or two centuries ago, the human resource management department – often referred to as just “labor welfare” or “personnel” was primarily associated with tasks like keeping employee records; ensuring companies followed the rules and regulations; determining wages, compensation packages and other benefits. Since the days of labor office during Industrial Revolution in 19th century Europe to the advent of </em><strong><em>Artificial Intellige

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Livingstone, Tom. "The shrine of Saint Werburgh: the history, architecture and restoration." Church Archaeology 23 (January 2023): 55–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/churcharch.2023.23.55.

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For more than a thousand years, the remains of Saint Werburgh lay within successive shrines set amongst the vast stone walls of the Abbey of St Werburgh and St Oswald, now the Cathedral Church of Chester. Werburgh was elevated to sainthood in the early medieval period, then her remains were translated to a monastic house in Chester in the 9th century until the shrine was dismantled under Henry VIII. During this time, her shrine saw worship and devotion, conflict, desecration, and finally curiosity and restoration. This article examines the likely evolution of the shrine from her translation to

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Gotca, Rodica. "The Poetic Metamorphoses of Chișinău City." Dialogica. Revistă de studii culturale și literatură, no. 3 (November 2023): 104–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.59295/dia.2023.3.14.

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This article studies the evolution of the poetic imaginary of Chișinău City in the 19th, 20th and 21st centuries, which represents an overlap of images, of archetypal structures, which we integrated as theoretical support in the interpretation of urban poetic texts. Starting from the eight ensembles or archetypal structures of the imaginary applied to historical evolution, presented by Lucian Boia in For a history of the imaginary, we systematized the artistic images from the researched lyric in eight forms, attributed to each time segment, thus demonstrating the complexity of the urban imagin

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Barreiros, Maria Helena. "Urban Landscapes: Houses, Streets and Squares of 18th Century Lisbon." Journal of Early Modern History 12, no. 3-4 (2008): 205–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157006508x369866.

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AbstractThis article retraces Lisbon's urban evolution, both planned and spontaneous, from the beginning of the Age of Discovery until the first decades of the 19th century. It highlights the 1755 earthquake as a powerful agent of transformation of Lisbon, both of the city's image and architecture and of street life. The article begins by summing up urban policies and urban planning from Manuel I's reign (1495-1521) to João V's (1707-1750); it goes on to depict Lisbon's daily life during the Ancien Regime, focusing on the uses of public and private spaces by common people. The Pombaline plans

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Ermakova, Olga K. "CONTRACTS WITH FOREIGNERS IN THE FIRST QUARTER OF THE 19TH CENTURY RUSSIA: DEVELOPMENT OF CONTRACTUAL RELATIONS AND EVOLUTION OF LEGAL CONSCIOUSNESS." Ural Historical Journal 74, no. 1 (2022): 147–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.30759/1728-9718-2022-1(74)-147-154.

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The article is devoted to a qualitatively new stage in the development of contractual relations between the Russian state and private individuals — foreigners, the transition to which became obvious in the era of Alexander I. On the basis of deep source analysis founded on the methods of diplomatics, the author demonstrates that in the first quarter of the 19th century the perception of a contract by representatives of power structures (even if the state did not act as a counterparty) was characterized by an awareness of the need for strict compliance with the conditions, the inadmissibility o

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Kamalov, Ablet. "Birth of Uyghur National History in Semirech’ye." Oriente Moderno 96, no. 1 (2016): 181–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22138617-12340099.

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The article discusses the birth of a national historical discourse in Central Asia at the turn of the 20th century with special reference to the Taranchi Turks of Russian Semirech’ye (Zhetissu) and early example of Uyghur national history written by the Taranchi intellectual Näzärγoja Abdusemätov (d. 1951). The article shows how intellectuals among the Taranchi Turks, an ethnic group who settled in the Semirech’ye oblast of the Russian Empire in late 19th century, became involved in debates on nations and national history organized on the pages of the Tatar newspapers and journals in the Volga

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Cespedes, Jorge, Oscar Andrés Escobar Vidarte, María José Uparela, Enrique Osorio-Fonseca, and Jorge E. Alvernia. "History and evolution of surgical treatment for spasticity: a journey from neurotomy to selective dorsal rhizotomy." Neurosurgical Focus 56, no. 6 (2024): E2. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2024.3.focus2452.

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The evolution of neurosurgical approaches to spasticity spans centuries, marked by key milestones and innovative practitioners. Probable ancient descriptions of spasmodic conditions were first classified as spasticity in the 19th century through the interventions of Dr. William John Little on patients with cerebral palsy. The late 19th century witnessed pioneering efforts by surgeons such as Dr. Charles Loomis Dana, who explored neurotomies, and Dr. Charles Sherrington, who proposed dorsal rhizotomy to address spasticity. Dorsal rhizotomy rose to prominence under the expertise of Dr. Otfrid Fo

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Д, Авирмэд, та Нямсүрэн Ц. "Анагаахын дискурс, бүтцийн өөрчлөлт: Анагаахын хүртэхүйн хувьслын талаарх М.Фукогийн үзэл". Philosophy and Religious Studies 26, № (595) (2025): 7–11. https://doi.org/10.22353/prs20241.1.

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The Medical Discourse and Its Structural Transformation: M. Foucault's View on the Evolution of Medical Perception Michel Foucault (1926–1984), a cultural theorist and historian, was a key figure in the philosophy of history. This article examines the medical discourse and structural transformations discussed in his seminal work The Birth of the Clinic: An Archaeology of Medical Perception (1963). Foucault analyzes the evolution of French medicine from the 18th to the early 19th century, focusing on medical discourse. He attributes the rapid advancement of medical knowledge during this period

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Daniel Raducan, Ionut, Mihaela-Loredana Stanciu, and Daniela Iancu. "THE HISTORY OF ABDOMINAL SURGERY: THE EVOLUTION OF AN ESSENTIAL BRANCH OF MEDICINE." International Journal of Advanced Research 13, no. 01 (2025): 901–5. https://doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/20275.

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Abdominal surgery, one of the most complex and demanding branches of modern medicine, has undergone a long and difficult journey from its origins to the sophisticated techniques used today. Surgical interventions on the abdominal cavity involve addressing vital organs such as the stomach, liver, pancreas, intestines, or spleen. The article traces the evolution of abdominal surgery from antiquity to the 20th century, focusing on the significant progress made in each period. In antiquity, abdominal surgery was rare and risky, limited by a lack of anatomical knowledge, anesthesia, and antisepsis.

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Bazhov, Sergey I. "N.Ya. Danilevsky’s Course of Life and Philosophy of History." Almanac “Essays on Conservatism” 58 (October 1, 2020): 18–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.24030/24092517-2020-0-3-18-65.

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In an article devoted to the biography and philosophical and historical work of N.Ya. Danilevsky, the author examines the theory of cultural-historical types not only as the first version of the theory of local civilizations, but also as an element in the evolution of Russian conservative thought in the middle and second half of the 19th century. It is noted that certain aspects of the socio-historical views of N.Ya. Danilevsky can be viewed in the framework of the two main types of conservatism – protective, traditionalist type and enlightened, conservative-liberal model.

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Abdolmohammadi, Pejman. "Remarks on the Origins of Secularism and Nationalism in Iran." Eurasian Studies 13, no. 1-2 (2015): 153–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/24685623-12340008.

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Mirzā Fatḥʿalī Āḫūndzāde (1812-1878) is one of the most important thinkers and intellectuals of the 19th century in Iran. He started to develop a critical perception of political Islam, giving rise to a new current of thought based on Persian nationalism, secularism and constitutionalism. This article, after a brief introduction of the political and historical context of the 19th century, will analyse the political thought of Āḫūndzāde, highlighting some fundamental elements of his ideas and reflections such as enlightenment, nationalism, constitutionalism, the relationship between religion an

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Letova, K. K., and E. A. Kurenkova. "Women’s issue and women’s movement in Russia in pre-revolutionary Russian historiography." Bulletin of the State University of Education. Series: History and Political Sciences, no. 1 (April 5, 2024): 133–40. https://doi.org/10.18384/2949-5164-2024-1-133-140.

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Aim. To identify and compare the assessments given to the women’s issue and women’s movement in Russia by domestic researchers of the second half of the 19th century – 1917.Metodology. The analysis of historiographical sources, represented by scientific monographs, articles, reviews and surveys, is made in accordance with the principles of historicism and objectivity. The study applies a complex analysis and treats the women’s issue and the women’s movement as unique social phenomena, covering the historical features of their origin and evolution and the system of values.Results. The article s

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ZABLOTSKAYA, M. "THE EVOLUTION OF A. P. SAPUNOV'S AND V. K. STUKALICH'S HISTORICAL VIEWS (ON THE EXAMPLE OF HISTORICAL AND ETHNOGRAPHIC RESEARCH IN THE EARLY 20th CENTURY)." Herald of Polotsk State University. Series A. Humanity sciences 66, no. 1 (2023): 51–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.52928/2070-1608-2023-66-1-51-54.

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The article presents the historical views of famous researchers of Vitebsk region of the second half of the 19th century and the first quarter of the 20th century A. P. Sapunov and V. К. Stukalich, who tried to comprehend the history of the Belarusian people. The materials of this article allow enlarging the available information about their scientific and publicist activity. The author concludes that A. P. Sapunov's and V. K. Stukovich's viewpoints on the process of formation of the Belarusian history evolved from zapadnorusizm to the ideas characteristic to the Belarusian national revival.

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Mohylnyi, Leonid. "The medieval city of the Rus’: historiography of the 18 – mid-19th centuries." Scientific Papers of the Kamianets-Podilskyi National Ivan Ohiienko University. History 46 (April 16, 2025): 28–40. https://doi.org/10.32626/2309-2254.2025-46.28-40.

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The aim of this work is to synthesize existing research on the origins and functions of the cities of Rus’ by elucidating the evolution of scholarly approaches to the history of the medieval Rus’ city. The research methodology is grounded in the principles of the concrete-historical approach, objectivity, and systematicity, while employing methods such as analysis and synthesis, historical-comparative, problem-chronological, and descriptive techniques. The scientific novelty of the article lies in the comprehensive analysis of the historiography from the 18th to the mid-19th century, tracing t

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Lukas, Katarzyna. "Thomas Hettche Pfaueninsel (2014): powieść historyczna jako współczesna refleksja o Innym." Przestrzenie Teorii, no. 39 (December 29, 2023): 161–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/pt.2023.39.8.

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The paper deals with Thomas Hettche’s novel Pfaueninsel, which is interpreted as a story about the Other. The category of otherness refers to the main character, Marie Strakon, a dwarf in the service of the King of Prussia in the 19th century, and to the place of action, Peacock Island near Berlin. Hettche’s historiographical metafiction is a fictional biography of a woman whose physical otherness places her in opposition to the orders established by humans: social, cultural, aesthetic, and historical. Peacock Island, in turn, transformed into an artificial paradise, is a heterotopic sphere of

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Nhaueleque, Laura António, and Luca Bussotti. "The Conceptualisation of Africa in the Catholic Church." Social Sciences and Missions 32, no. 1-2 (2019): 148–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18748945-03201004.

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Abstract This article aims to show the evolution of the conceptualisation of Africa according to the Catholic Church, using as its key references Daniele Comboni and Adalberto da Postioma, two Italian missionaries who lived in the 19th century and 20th century respectively. Through them, the article attempts to interpret how the Catholic Church has conceived and implemented its relationships with the African continent in the last two centuries. The article uses history to analyse the thought of the two authors using a qualitative and comparative methodology.

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Nikityuk, Vladimir Aleksandrovich. "The formation of the Serbian national idea and its implementation in the political programs of the XIX century." Genesis: исторические исследования, no. 9 (September 2024): 53–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.25136/2409-868x.2024.9.71705.

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The subject of the study is the formation of the Serbian national idea in the 19th century. The object of the study is the national Serbian political programs in the 19th century. Special attention is paid to the activities of the following political figures: Ilia Garashanin, Stoyan Novakovich, Nikola Pasic, Svetozar Markovich and others. The author analyzes the political programs of the XIX century, the activities of parties, as well as official legislation, which reflected the national idea, its development and strengthening. Thus, one of the tasks of the work is to consider the evolution of

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Azizah, Nur Laila, Naifah Naifah, Baiq Intan Afrianingsih, Millatul Hamidah, and Muhammad Athif Audl Ramadlan. "Development of Arabic Language Learning in Indonesia at 19th – 21st Century." Jurnal Al Bayan: Jurnal Jurusan Pendidikan Bahasa Arab 16, no. 1 (2024): 219. http://dx.doi.org/10.24042/albayan.v16i1.22767.

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Arabic language learning has a long history in Indonesia, starting from the 19th century. This article aimed to provide a comprehensive historical overview of the development of Arabic language learning in Indonesia from the 19th century to the 21st century. A qualitative approach and the historical review method with quasi descriptive research model were applied. This article examined the evolution of teaching methods, curriculum and media used in Arabic language learning. In this research, the primary sources were the official reports, curriculum, textbooks, journals, and historical records,

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Provazník, Lukáš. "Salvator: jak se z piva stal pivní styl a poté opět pivo." Studia historica Brunensia, no. 2 (2023): 73–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/shb2023-2-5.

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The article deals with the historical development of Salvator beer, or rather its evolution from a specific beer to a style of beer and then back to the designation of a single brand of beer. Salvator beer was first brewed by Paulaner monks sometime in the 17th or 18th century and was originally known as Sankt Vater Bier. During the 19th century, the name Salvator became established and various breweries started brewing beers of that name, not only in Bavaria. By the end of the 19th century, Salvator had become the brewery's patented name for the beer which is known today as Paulaner. The arti

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Guzmán, Aldo César. "Faust and the History of Sanity: The Social Representations of Mental Health." Southern perspective / Perspectiva austral 3 (February 4, 2025): 47. https://doi.org/10.56294/pa202547.

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Introduction: The article analyzed sanity as a social construct, shaped by various discourses throughout history. It examined how sanity, beyond mental health, was expressed in language, art, and literature. From the 19th century onwards, its conceptualization was influenced by modern science and psychiatry, establishing it as a form of social control.Development: The evolution of the concept of sanity was explored from Antiquity to modern times. In the Middle Ages, it was associated with prudence and cardinal virtues, whereas in the 19th century, it took on a normative role within the psychia

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Mirzekhanov, Velikhan. "The Ideology of Colonization: Metamorphoses of the Colonial Question in the Political Philosophy of Alexis de Tocqueville." ISTORIYA 13, no. 4 (114) (2022): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.18254/s207987840021057-1.

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In this article the evolution of views on the empire, colonies and colonization by Alexis de Tocqueville, the outstanding French liberal thinker of the 19th century, are analyzed. It was shown that in the process of expanding the scale of the colonization of the 19th century Tocqueville, like many other French thinkers, began to defend and justify colonial domination, trying to justify colonial policy in every possible way and try to give it legitimacy. Although Tocqueville was fully aware of the vices of colonization, he was ready to defend it. He believed that the French nation could not aff

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Gottschang, Thomas R. "One Industry, Two Chinas: Silk Filatures and Peasant-Family Production in Wuxi County, 1865–1937. By Lynda S. Bell. [Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1999. xvii+290 pp. $51.00. ISBN 0-8047-2998-0.]." China Quarterly 170 (June 2002): 477–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0009443902260283.

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With this book Lynda Bell contributes a major piece to our understanding of China's modern economic history. The core of the book is a detailed description of the evolution of the silk industry in central China between the late 19th century and the mid-20th century. Bell's exhaustively researched analysis covers each level of silk production in Wuxi county, from the rural household producers of cocoons, to the intermediate level cocoon merchants and local filatures, to the major firms that by the early 1930s controlled much of the market through modern, vertically integrated organizations.

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