Relevant bibliographies by topics / Evolutionary Situation

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Evolutionary Situation'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 3 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Evolutionary Situation"

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Buss, David M. "An evolutionary formulation of person–situation interactions." Journal of Research in Personality 43, no. 2 (April 2009): 241–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jrp.2008.12.019.

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Smierzchalski, Roman, Lukasz Kuczkowski, Piotr Kolendo, and Bartosz Jaworski. "Distributed Evolutionary Algorithm for Path Planning in Navigation Situation." TransNav, the International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation 7, no. 2 (2013): 293–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.12716/1001.07.02.17.

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Szlapczynski, Rafal. "Evolutionary Sets Of Safe Ship Trajectories: A New Approach To Collision Avoidance." Journal of Navigation 64, no. 1 (November 26, 2010): 169–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0373463310000238.

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The paper introduces a new method of solving multi-ship encounter situations for both open waters and restricted water regions. The method, called evolutionary sets of safe trajectories, combines some of the assumptions of game theory with evolutionary programming and aims to find optimal sets of safe trajectories of all ships involved in an encounter situation. In a two-ship encounter situation it enables the operator of an onboard collision-avoidance system to predict the most probable behaviour of a target and to plan the own manoeuvres in advance. In a multi-ship encounter the method may be used to help an operator of a VTS system to coordinate the manoeuvres of all ships. The paper contains a detailed description of collision-avoidance operators used by the evolutionary method and simulation examples of the method's results for digital maps.
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Lekevicius, Edmundas. "EPILOGUE: ON THE SITUATION IN EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY AND COMMUNITY ECOLOGY." Acta Zoologica Lituanica 12, sup1 (January 2002): 75–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13921657.2002.10552633.

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Smierzchalski, Roman. "Evolutionary Guidance System for Ship in Collisions Situation at Sea." IFAC Proceedings Volumes 31, no. 3 (March 1998): 129–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1474-6670(17)44073-0.

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BURDETT, ROBERT L., and ERHAN KOZAN. "EVOLUTIONARY ALGORITHMS FOR RESOURCE CONSTRAINED NON-SERIAL MIXED FLOW SHOPS." International Journal of Computational Intelligence and Applications 03, no. 04 (December 2003): 411–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1469026803001105.

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In this paper the resource-constrained flow shop (RCF) problem is addressed. A number of realistic extensions are incorporated, including non-serial precedence requirements, mixed flow shop situations, and the distribution of the human workforce among a number of pre-determined groups. The RCF is then solved by meta-heuristics, primarily of the evolutionary type. An extensive numerical investigation, including a case study of a particular industrial situation, details the implementation and execution of the heuristics, and the efficiency of the proposed algorithms.
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Germanova, Svetlana Evgenievna, Tatiana Valeryevna Magdeeva, and Vadim Gennadievich Pliushchikov. "Model of monitoring of oil soil pollution and its termination." RUDN Journal of Agronomy and Animal Industries 16, no. 2 (December 15, 2021): 146–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2312-797x-2021-16-2-146-153.

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The assessment of impact of oil production economic activities on land pollution in Russia contributes to evolutionary management decision making. Oil industrial pollution affects negatively flora and fauna. Thus, its important to identify the level of its exposure and danger, the site of contamination. A system approach is needed. When studying the environment, its necessary to consider the presence of risk situations and stochastic irreversible changes. Its essential to identify the nature and type of soil contamination with petroleum products using high-tech tools, intellectual procedures. The work considers modeling of such situation, forecasting and identification of oil contaminants. The submodel of optimal termination of monitoring is also considered. Ending monitoring of environmental optimization will result in lower monitoring costs, since monitoring oilcontaminated environments is an expensive and complex technological mechanism, often requiring satellite data. The proposed algorithm for modeling and system analysis is based on situational modeling. Evolutionary modeling allows to adapt the procedure (methodology) of forecasting and assessment to environmental risk factors. It increases the accuracy (formalization and evidence) and completeness of conclusions, the efficiency of situation analysis, which affects manageability of risk both for the oil complex and for individual enterprise in the industry. The results of the research may be used for development of software tools, in particular expert and predictive systems. Situational models are needed when oil companies are solving multi-criteria and multifactor problems.
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McNamara, John M. "Towards a richer evolutionary game theory." Journal of The Royal Society Interface 10, no. 88 (November 6, 2013): 20130544. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2013.0544.

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Most examples of the application of evolutionary game theory to problems in biology involve highly simplified models. I contend that it is time to move on and include much more richness in models. In particular, more thought needs to be given to the importance of (i) between-individual variation; (ii) the interaction between individuals, and hence the process by which decisions are reached; (iii) the ecological and life-history context of the situation; (iv) the traits that are under selection, and (v) the underlying psychological mechanisms that lead to behaviour. I give examples where including variation between individuals fundamentally changes predicted outcomes of a game. Variation also selects for real-time responses, again resulting in changed outcomes. Variation can select for other traits, such as choosiness and social sensitivity. More generally, many problems involve coevolution of more than one trait. I identify situations where a reductionist approach, in which a game is isolated from is ecological setting, can be misleading. I also highlight the need to consider flexibility of behaviour, mental states and other issues concerned with the evolution of mechanism.
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González-Bravo, M. I., and Arjola Mecaj. "Structural and Evolutionary Patterns of Companies in a Financial Distress Situation." Advances in Decision Sciences 2011 (August 3, 2011): 1–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/928716.

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The present paper studies the evolution of a set of USA firms during the years 1993–2002. The firms that faced a difficult economic and financial situation in 1993 were considered to be in a distress situation. The aim of this study is to explore if the evolution of this situation depends on the initial features of the distress or if it concerns certain firms' characteristics. If the evolution is independent from the above, the management decisions become crucial in critical times. For the analysis we used a Multidimensional Scaling methodology where the firms are represented in a consensus map according to symptom variables, reaction variables, and recovering variables.
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Steinkopf, Leander. "The Social Situation of Sickness: an Evolutionary Perspective on Therapeutic Encounters." Evolutionary Psychological Science 3, no. 3 (February 7, 2017): 270–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40806-017-0086-8.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Evolutionary Situation"

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Hill, Dawn Marie. "Contextual (setting/situational) Control of Pro/Anti Environmental Behavior." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/196064.

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Proenvironmental behavior (PEB) studies have largely taken a person-centered approach under the assumption that behavior is primarily determined by person attributes. Studies measure knowledge, values, environmentalism, attitudes, etc. - all of which apparently reside in the individual and are posited to cause pro/anti-environmental intention. Unfortunately, it has been demonstrated that intention only leads to behavior roughly 30% of the time. One reason this breakdown may exist is that half of the "causal" story is missing, which is how much the context (setting/situation) controls behavior. This study attempted to enhance the empirical literature by relying on an evolutionary foundation focused on an empirical investigation of extant contexts that present to-be-solved adaptive problems and that display affordances and cues to adaptive behavior. Furthermore, this study compares the predictive efficacy of both the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) constructs and new evolutionary and functionalist constructs of life history strategy, environmentalism (conceived more as past behavioral history) and consumerism. This study simultaneously contrast-tested this new evolutionarily and contextually-driven approach with the conventional person-centered approach using the same subjects to empirically determine which approach accounts for the most variance (i.e. a multiple working hypothesis format). The dependent variable presented a closer approximation to real behavior in real-life situations as depicted in written multidimensional vignettes, instead of measuring intention alone in a contextual vacuum. Environmental and non-environmental settings were included, as well as theoretically driven situational dimensions that varied systematically to strategically "cue" specific adaptive problems. This study approach relied on the notion that only when the person by context relationship is studied simultaneously can PEB be better predicted. Results confirmed that settings carried a significant proportion of variance in the collapsed 16 situations tested. The TPB paradigm predicted aggregate behavior; however, it (along with measured specific intentions) did not predict specific behavioral choices in the unique situations. Overall results were mixed but suggested that new lines of research attending to the contexts and social situations in which environmental behavior occurs can provide a better basis for understanding and affecting changes in behavior toward environmental ends, as will be required for achieving long-term environmental sustainability.
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Wakano, Yuichiro. "Adaptation and evolutionary dynamics of social traits of creatures in game-theoretical situations." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/150868.

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Ryder, Hannah. "Evaluation of responses to risk situations in women and its relation to the menstrual cycle from an evolutionary perspective." Thesis, University of Leicester, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/39743.

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This thesis aimed to assess the hypothesis that women have evolved a rape avoidance mechanism that is particularly active during ovulation when chance of conception is highest. It assessed whether fertility-related differences in response to risk were specific to rape risk, or generalised to all threats. This is not known from previous research. In Study 1, fertility did not influence handgrip strength or subjective responses to scenarios that varied in the risk of rape. However, in Study 2, women increased their handgrip strength when fertile compared to nonfertile in response to all potentially threatening scenarios involving men, but not the female-perpetrated assault scenario, which involved danger but no immediate risk of rape. Women also felt at higher risk of rape and male-perpetrated assault when fertile compared to nonfertile. In Studies 3 and 4, fertility influenced attention to potential reproductive threats (angry versus neutral male and female faces), but not general threats (fear-relevant versus neutral animals). Against expectations, women were faster to detect neutral faces when fertile compared to nonfertile (Study 3). In Study 4, fertile women were slower to fixate on angry compared to neutral faces, but spent a higher proportion of time fixating on angry versus neutral faces. In Study 5, women were slower to categorise rape-related stimuli when fertile compared to nonfertile, while fertility did not influence categorisation of stimuli associated with robbery or consensual sex. In Studies 6 and 7, neither fear of crime nor perceived risk of victimisation differed in relation to fertility. Therefore, overall, the findings suggest fertility does not influence responses to threats in general, with some evidence that the mechanism is specific to situations with increased possibility of rape. However, hormonal influences on responses to risk appeared to manifest in visceral responses (e.g., physiology, attention, cognitive biases) rather than conscious feelings (e.g., fear).
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"村级集体经济发展的不平衡性与影响因素研究 ——以无锡市滨湖区为例." Doctoral diss., 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2286/R.I.53507.

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abstract: 摘要 当前中国农村集体经济呈现出后劲不足、区域失衡等问题。在此背景下，如何破解集体经济发展困境、实现其从梯度到均衡的演进成为学术领域关注的热点。本文梳理总结了国内外集体经济的相关研究成果，阐述了主要涉及的基础概念、理论和方法模型；以2008~2015年无锡市滨湖区92个村为研究样本，分析了该区域集体经济的发展现状和演变进程；构建面板回归模型，探索了该区域集体经济发展的驱动因素与分布不平衡性；并从空间关联视角切入，探索了驱动因素的溢出效应；最后基于研究结果提出对策建议。主要结论如下： （1）2008~2015年，92个村的村级集体经济发展整体呈现上升趋势，但地区间的贫富差距明显；2008年、2011年和2015年92个村按村级集体经济总收入可划分为高、中、低3类，并且在不同时段，各等级间的村级集体单位会相互迁移；集体经济收入呈现明显的右偏分布，尖峰厚尾的特征显著。随着时间的推移，集体经济发展出现了“双峰趋同”的现象。 （2）普通面板回归显示，物质资本、经济工作能力、科技进步对于村级集体经济发展有正向的依次减弱的影响，人口数量的影响为负；面板分位数回归显示，随着分位数水平的提高，物质资本系数先上升、后下降再上升；经济工作能力系数逐渐减小；人口规模系数先下降后上升；科技进步系数波动上升。 （3）空间计量结果显示，各变量对于村级集体经济发展具有一定的溢出效应，其中，物质资本的溢出效应为正（不显著），经济工作能力的溢出效应为正（显著），人口因素的溢出效应为负（不显著），科技进步的溢出效应为正（显著）。 本文的创新之处在于使用较难获取的2008-2015年92个村面板数据进行回归，相比于截面数据，更准确地测度了各要素对集体经济的真实影响；将空间关联因素纳入研究视域，探究了村级集体经济驱动因素的空间溢出效应。
Dissertation/Thesis
Doctoral Dissertation Business Administration 2019
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YouDro, Lin, and 林宥佐. "Proving evolutionary calculation the effect in variant situations : a proving research in contracts of Taiwan Stock Exchange Capitalization Weighted Stock Index Futures." Thesis, 2001. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/25756920863440593779.

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碩士
國立雲林科技大學
資訊管理系碩士班
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Proving evolutionary calculation the effect in variant situations : a proving research in contracts of Taiwan Stock Exchange Capitalization Weighted Stock Index Futures Abstract The principle of evolution calculation derives from the mechanism of life forms’ evolution in the natural world. And the mechanism comes from the biologist Charles Darwin’s hypothesis “Species compete by means of natural selection — the fittest will survive.” No mater whether, this hypothesis is true or not, evolution calculation indeed has contribute, a certain degree to all kinds of information technology application. In Darwin’s hypothesis, it mentioned that gene may change with the movement of environment through the process of biology evolution. Then, the better gene which can adapt unstable environment easily will survive. In human society, we also have familiar experiences. Human create and invent new things. Then, it produces two effects. One is that it can improve human living environment. On the other hand, it also destroys natural bio-environment. At the same time, owing to the change of humanity society, the reaction situations among people also change. Therefore, human need to learn constantly to adapt vicissitudes coming from nature and humanity situations. From Watt’s steam engine to industry revolution, and from Internet to Electronic Commerce (EC), the economic condition of human has enormously changed with the advance of science and technology. Human invent many things, and with the inventions, people change the environments including human life, economic, material and natural parts. We don’t know what is right and what is wrong through the changeable world. They will be examined by times. However, how do people adapt to survive in the changeable societal economic world? Stock market is one of the most active economic activities in modern human life. The reasons of the fluctuation of stock markets are very complicated. Besides, stock markets will be the index of economic development, and Future Index will be the important index of stock markets. Therefore, movement situations of the Future Index are hardly to predict. This research intends to prove the effort brought forth by the evolutionary calculation applied in variant situation. And it takes contracts of TAIEX futures, which is surrounded by enormously changing environment and affected by complicated factors for example.
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Books on the topic "Evolutionary Situation"

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Packevich, Alla. Architecture of Evolution. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1079356.

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The monograph, on the one hand, examines the period of development of the descending cycle of evolution and the associated progressive changes that show the irreversibility of the processes of formation of the planetary system. The end of one cycle and the beginning of another leads to the transformation of the system of life and the expansion of consciousness at a new energy level. On the other hand, the questions of potential opportunities for the development of the ascending phase of evolution, which goes both along the path of complexity of the organization and along the path of diversity, are considered. In the ascending evolutionary stream, what has been differentiated into the corresponding levels in the descending cycle is brought together and thus prepared to enter into new, more perfect forms of unity. It is shown that the development of humanity along its entire path depends on the interaction of energies of various forms and potentials. Understanding the relationships between different types of energy and their use provides insight into many important issues in the evolution of society. The material introduces the modern features of the existence of the male and female sexes from the energy point of view. The idea of a way out of the current conflict situation that has arisen between the sexes at the present stage of evolution is proposed. It will be useful for those interested in the problems of scientific knowledge, architects, philosophers,historians, physicists and methodologists of science, students and students of secondary schools.
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Pierre-Marie, Dupuy. Part II Interpretation of Treaties, 7 Evolutionary Interpretation of Treaties: Between Memory and Prophecy. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199588916.003.0007.

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The durability of a treaty requires its capacity to adapt and change in accordance with the evolution of the situation for which it was designed to apply. One of the means that allow such adaptability is evolutionary interpretation. This chapter underlines the twofold nature of this interpretative technique. According to a first approach, evolutionary interpretation may be considered as a way to identify the common will of the parties as it would have resulted if they had renegotiated the agreement taking into account the circumstances that have since evolved. In the silence of Article 31 of the Vienna Convention, the case law of the ICJ supports the view that such a dynamic interpretation is allowed only where it is possible to infer from the terms of the treaty that the text is open to considerations of factual or legal evolution after its conclusion. However, when a treaty establishes an organization designed to achieve a shared purpose, the international judge entrusted with task of interpreting that treaty is often prone to act as the depositary of the common finality. In such a case, evolutionary interpretation tends to a teleological one. It therefore leads to question how far such interpretation could be taken and may generate allegations of ‘judicial activism’.
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Gassen, Jeff, and Sarah E. Hill. Economic Conditions Cue Evolutionary Challenges. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190492908.003.0012.

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Changes in economic markets play an important role in cuing developmental programs, cognitions, and social behaviors that would have helped promote survival and reproductive success during times of resource scarcity. This chapter provides an overview of recent research using an evolutionary approach to examine how people think, feel, and behave in conditions of resource scarcity. It starts by talking about research on the effects of early life scarcity on adult outcomes. Next, the chapter presents research related to the impact of adult exposure to resource scarcity on intergroup cognition and political attitudes. Finally, it discusses how changes in economic markets influence strategies for mating and parenting. Together, this research suggests that—although many of the psychological and behavioral responses to economic uncertainty seem irrational—when situating these outcomes in the appropriate evolutionary context, they reflect processes that would have helped promote survival and reproduction during times of resource scarcity.
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Ekblom, Paul. Evolutionary Approaches to Rational Choice. Edited by Wim Bernasco, Jean-Louis van Gelder, and Henk Elffers. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199338801.013.2.

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This chapter seeks to enrich and extend thinking about the rational choice perspective to offender decision making and its pivotal application in situational crime prevention by taking an evolutionary approach, which is still uncommon in crime science and criminology. The chapter introduces basic concepts of evolution, covering the brain and behavior, levels and types of explanation, the strained relationship with social science, and the evidencing of evolutionary processes. The focus then shifts to rationality, covering decision making; the wider suite of processes needed to understand rationality in action; and specific discussions of cooperation, humans’ wider “sociocognitive niche,” and development. Although evolutionary issues are addressed throughout, the penultimate section discusses how rationality in the broadest sense has unfolded over evolutionary history and the significant connection between maximization of utility in contemporary rational choice and maximization/optimization of fitness in evolution. The conclusion raises practical, empirical, and theoretical questions for crime science.
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Koons, Robert C., and Alexander Pruss. Must Functionalists Be Aristotelians? Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198796572.003.0013.

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Functionalism in the theory of mind requires an account of function that has a normative component—mere conditional connection (whether indicative or sub-junctive) is not enough. For instance, a component of a computing system isn’t an adder just in case its output is always or would always be the sum of the inputs, since any computing system in a world with as much indeterminism as ours can err or malfunction. Two general reductions of normative language have been proposed that one might wish to apply to the problem of defining proper function: the evolutionary reduction (Wright, Millikan) and the agential reduction (Plantinga). We argue that whatever the merits of the reductions in other contexts, a functionalist theory of mind that defines proper function in either of these ways must fail. The argument proceeds by first showing the agential reduction is viciously circular in the context of a functionalist theory of agency. Second, if functionalism about mind is true and proper function is reducible evolutionarily, then it is possible to have a situation in which the presence or absence of mental properties depends in an implausibly spooky, acausal way on remote facts. It is plausible that the only currently avail-able way for the functionalist to meet these challenges is to accept irreducible end-directed causal powers of minds and/or their functional parts, in accordance with a broadly Aristotelian tradition.
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Roche, Benjamin, Hélène Broutin, and Frédéric Simard. Afterword IV Case studies. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198789833.003.0024.

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Through malaria elimination in Italy at the end of 19th century (when the epidemiological situation could be seen as similar to the one present in low-income countries today) and control strategies against Buruli ulcer and schistosomiasis in Africa, we have shown examples demonstrating that the translation of evolutionary ecology knowledge to infectious diseases control in low-income countries can be successful. These successes have reached different stages, from increasing our understanding of the whole infectious system dynamics toward implementation of innovative control strategies in the short term (Buruli ulcer), to improving transmission control by reducing abundance of host population (schistosomiasis in Senegal), as well as ensuring complete disease elimination locally, through a combination of massive reduction of vector populations at key periods and human-population protection and education (malaria in Italy)....
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O'Connor, Cailin. The Origins of Unfairness. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198789970.001.0001.

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The central aim of this book is to explore the ways in which social categories—especially gender, but also categories like race and religion—interact with and contribute to social solutions to problems of coordination and resource division. In particular, this book uses formal frameworks—game theory and evolutionary game theory—to explore the cultural evolution of conventions that piggyback on seemingly irrelevant factors like gender and race. As I argue, these frameworks elucidate a variety of topics. In particular, these frameworks help show how inequity can emerge from simple processes of cultural change. In groups with gender and racial categories, the process of learning conventions of coordination and resource division is such that under a wide array of situations some groups will tend to get more and others less. One theme that runs throughout the book is that surprisingly minimal conditions are needed to robustly produce phenomena related to inequity that we usually think of as psychologically complex. It takes very little to generate a situation in which social categories (like gender) are almost guaranteed to emerge. The preconditions under which models move toward outcomes that look like discrimination are, again, very minimal. Once inequity emerges in these models, it takes very little for it to persist indefinitely. Thus, we need to think of inequity as part of an ever-evolving process. It is not something we can expect to fix and be done with. Along these lines, the picture I present is ultimately one where those concerned with social justice must remain vigilant against the dynamic forces that push toward inequity.
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Morris, Craig Eric, Melanie L. Beaussart, Chris Reiber, and Linda S. Krajewski. Intrasexual Mate Competition and Breakups. Edited by Maryanne L. Fisher. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199376377.013.19.

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Female competition for male attention is multifaceted. Typically psychological and relational in nature, this competition may be no less damaging than physical violence more commonly used between males. Research on female–female mate competition has examined short-term effects, yet how women cope with long-term effects of romantic relationship dissolution has been little explored. If negative emotions exist because they provide an evolutionary advantage (attuning physiological processes, thoughts, and behaviors to deal with situations that have frequently incurred high fitness costs), then emotions arising from the loss of a mate to a sexual rival may potentially motivate actions that could make one avoid this scenario in the future. This essay argues that there are consequences of female intrasexual mate competition that may be both evolutionarily adaptive and also beneficial in terms of personal growth and that may expand beyond mating and into other realms of personal development.
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Acerbi, Alberto. Cultural Evolution in the Digital Age. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198835943.001.0001.

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From emails to social media, from instant messaging to political memes, the way we produce and transmit culture is radically changing. This book uses, for the first time, cultural evolution theory to analyze how information spreads, and how it affects our behavior in the digital age. Online connectedness and digital media allows access to networks where cultural transmission is possible, increasing both the availability of cultural models (from whom we can copy) and our reach (the number of individuals who can copy from us). This poses new problems, and new opportunities (Chapter 1). A cognitive and evolutionary approach suggests that we are wary learners, and the power of social influence, either online or offline, is often overestimated (Chapter 2). The background developed in the initial chapters into the details of different online phenomena is used: the tendency to copy popular individuals (Chapter 3), popular opinions (Chapter 4), or exchange information only with same-minded individuals (Chapter 5). The spread of online misinformation is then scrutinized at length (Chapter 6), proposing that to understand the phenomenon we need to understand why, generally, some information is more successful in spreading than other. The last two chapters examine how online, digital, transmission is different from other forms of cultural transmission, providing more “fidelity amplifiers” (Chapter 7), and how this could affect future cultural cumulation (Chapter 8). Overall, it is proposed that a “long view” to the current situation, based on a personal perspective of cognitive and evolutionary approaches to culture, suggests that some of the dangers of digital, online, interactions may have been overestimated, and the opportunities still ahead of us are discussed.
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Bicchieri, Cristina, and Giacomo Sillari. Game Theory. Edited by Paul Humphreys. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199368815.013.18.

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Game theory aims to understand situations in which decision-makers interact strategically. Chess is an example, as are firms competing for business, politicians competing for votes, animals fighting over prey, bidders competing in auctions, threats and punishments in long-term relationships, and so on. In such situations, the outcome depends on what the parties do jointly. Decision-makers may be people, organizations, animals, or even genes. In this chapter, the authors review fundamental notions of game theory and their application to philosophy of science. In particular, Section 1 looks at games of complete information through normal and extensive form representations, introduce the notion of Nash equilibrium and its refinements. Section 2 touches on epistemic foundations and correlated equilibrium, and Section 3 examines repeated games and their importance for the analysis of altruism and cooperation. Section 4 deals with evolutionary game theory.
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Book chapters on the topic "Evolutionary Situation"

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Li, Jian, Weihao Du, Fengmei Yang, and Guowei Hua. "The Research on Evolutionary Game of Remanufacturing Closed-Loop Supply Chain Under Asymmetric Situation." In LTLGB 2012, 473–79. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-34651-4_67.

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Alznauer, Michael, and Valerie Lesaar. "Das Besondere der persönlichen Situation berücksichtigen." In Das evolutionäre Führungsmodell, 143–48. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-28042-0_6.

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De Smedt, Johan, and Helen De Cruz. "Situating Empirically Engaged Evolutionary Ethics." In Synthese Library, 1–14. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-68802-8_1.

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Crittenden, Alyssa N., and Frank W. Marlowe. "Cooperative Child Care among the Hadza: Situating Multiple Attachment in Evolutionary Context." In Attachment Reconsidered, 67–83. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137386724_3.

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Becker, Jörg, Christian Janiesch, Stefan Seidel, and Christian Brelage. "A Framework for Situational and Evolutionary Language Adaptation in Information Systems Development." In Advances in Information Systems Development, 103–13. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-70802-7_9.

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Marzen, Veneta. "Development of a Systemic Evolutionary and Biocybernetic Methodology Using the Chaos and Catastrophes Theories to Handle Complex Decision Situations in Management." In Operations Research Proceedings 1993, 464. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-78910-6_151.

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"How Individuals Adjust Their Behavior to Meet the Demands of the Situation." In Learning: A Behavioral, Cognitive, and Evolutionary Synthesis, 279–304. 2455 Teller Road, Thousand Oaks California 91320: SAGE Publications, Inc, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4135/9781071800867.n8.

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McNamara, John M., and Olof Leimar. "Stability Concepts: Beyond Nash Equilibria." In Game Theory in Biology, 63–90. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198815778.003.0004.

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The concept of an Evolutionarily Stable Strategy (ESS), which is a stronger stability condition than that of a Nash equilibrium, is introduced. A simple evolutionary dynamic, adaptive dynamics, is also introduced. This leads to the concept of convergence stability under adaptive dynamics. It is shown that these two stability criteria are independent for general games: a strategy can be an ESS but not be reachable under adaptive dynamics and a strategy may be an attractor under adaptive dynamics but a fitness minimum and so not an ESS. The latter situation leads to the possibility of evolutionary branching, a phenomenon in which the population splits into a mixture of two or more distinct morphs. Replicator dynamics provide another evolutionary dynamic, although it is argued that it is of limited relevance to biology. In some games, individuals interact with relatives. The effects of kin assortment, and the direct fitness and gene-centred approaches to games between kin are described and illustrated.
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McNamara, John M., and Olof Leimar. "Standard Examples." In Game Theory in Biology, 27–62. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198815778.003.0003.

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Standard examples in biological game theory are introduced. The degree of cooperation at evolutionary stability is analysed in models that deal with situations such as the Prisoner’s Dilemma, the Tragedy of the Commons and the conflict of interest between parents over care of their common young. Several models of aggressive interactions are treated in this book. In this chapter the Hawk–Dove game, which is the simplest of these models, is analysed. Further models in the chapter deal with the situation in which individuals vary in their fighting ability and the situation in which information about the opponent is available before an individual decides whether to be aggressive. The problem of the allocation of resources to sons versus daughters has played a central role in biological game theory. This chapter introduces the basic theory, as well as a model in which the environmental temperature affects the development of the sexes differentially, so that at evolutionary stability the sex of offspring is determined by this temperature. Coordination games, alternative mating tactics, dispersal to avoid kin competition, and the idea that signals can evolve from cues are also introduced.
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Murray, Elisabeth A., Steven P. Wise, Mary K. L. Baldwin, and Kim S. Graham. "Epilogue." In The Evolutionary Road to Human Memory, 184–88. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198828051.003.0011.

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In the epilogue, a couple of kids befriend a shy stegosaurus; a different stegosaurus worries about the rise of mammals; and a tyrannosaurus presents a situation report. But mainly we consider reptilian brains, the relationship of brain size to intelligence, and the evolutionary success of mammals. Contrary to an internet meme, no one has a “reptilian” or “lizard” brain lurking within. Our entire brain is human. Regarding intelligence, brain organization matters as much as brain size and maybe more. Once dinosaurs became extinct, the mammals that supplanted them had much smaller brains than large dinosaurs had. Instead, the success of mammals depended on the emergence of the neocortex, a new part of the brain. Eventually, this evolutionary innovation came to dominate both the brain and the memories that it contains.
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Conference papers on the topic "Evolutionary Situation"

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Naing, Tin Tin, Lifeng He, Atsuko Mutoh, Tsuyoshi Nakamura, and Hidenori Itoh. "EVOLUTIONARY BEHAVIORS OF COMPETITIVE AGENTS IN DILEMMA SITUATION." In Proceedings of the 2nd Asia-Pacific Conference on IAT. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812811042_0025.

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Yokoi, Satoshi, Hiroyuki Masuta, Toru Oshima, Ken'ichi Koyanagi, and Tatsuo Motoyoshi. "Multi-layer situation model for robot integration systems." In 2016 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cec.2016.7743995.

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Tangsajanaphakul, Tanatch, and Junzo Watada. "Fuzzy Game-Based Real Option Analysis in Competitive Investment Situation." In 2011 Fifth International Conference on Genetic and Evolutionary Computing (ICGEC). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icgec.2011.102.

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Marois, Alexandre, Loic Grossetete, Benedicte Chatelais, and Daniel Lafond. "Evaluation of Evolutionary Algorithms Under Frugal Learning Constraints for Online Policy Capturing." In 2021 IEEE Conference on Cognitive and Computational Aspects of Situation Management (CogSIMA). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cogsima51574.2021.9475930.

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Moreci, E., G. Ciulla, and V. Lo Brano. "The Energy System of Sicilian Region, Italy: 2014 situation and evolutionary trends." In 2015 International Conference on Renewable Energy Research and Applications (ICRERA). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icrera.2015.7418628.

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Abdolmaleki, Abbas, Bob Price, Nuno Lau, Luis Paulo Reis, and Gerhard Neumann. "Contextual Covariance Matrix Adaptation Evolutionary Strategies." In Twenty-Sixth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2017/191.

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Many stochastic search algorithms are designed to optimize a fixed objective function to learn a task, i.e., if the objective function changes slightly, for example, due to a change in the situation or context of the task, relearning is required to adapt to the new context. For instance, if we want to learn a kicking movement for a soccer robot, we have to relearn the movement for different ball locations. Such relearning is undesired as it is highly inefficient and many applications require a fast adaptation to a new context/situation. Therefore, we investigate contextual stochastic search algorithms that can learn multiple, similar tasks simultaneously. Current contextual stochastic search methods are based on policy search algorithms and suffer from premature convergence and the need for parameter tuning. In this paper, we extend the well known CMA-ES algorithm to the contextual setting and illustrate its performance on several contextual tasks. Our new algorithm, called contextual CMA-ES, leverages from contextual learning while it preserves all the features of standard CMA-ES such as stability, avoidance of premature convergence, step size control and a minimal amount of parameter tuning.
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Huang, Wanwei, Bo Yuan, Sunan Wang, and Xiaohui Zhang. "Research on Simulation of Network Attack and Defense situation based on Evolutionary Game." In ICNCC 2020: 2020 The 9th International Conference on Networks, Communication and Computing. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3447654.3447668.

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Sayamov, Yury. "DIPLOMACY AND INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AS POLITICAL NOTIONS AND SUBJECTS OF THE EVOLUTIONARY DEVELOPMENT." In Globalistics-2020: Global issues and the future of humankind. Interregional Social Organization for Assistance of Studying and Promotion the Scientific Heritage of N.D. Kondratieff / ISOASPSH of N.D. Kondratieff, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.46865/978-5-901640-33-3-2020-200-211.

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The study investigates diplomacy and international relations as political notions and subjects of the evolutionary development. It contains new definitions of the notions of diplomacy and international relations proposed by the author. The article shows that the main way to carry out the international relations in the course of their evolution from ancient times till very recent have always been wars and conquests leaving not more than 5% of the whole time of the life of the humanity for its development in the absence of big devastating conflicts. The history of the forming of international relations the world over is followed from the first contact between the most early civilizations, through the river, see and ocean periods of human development to Westphal, Vienna, Versailles-Washington and Yalta-Potsdam systems. In the present situation, when the world is moving towards the multipolarity, diplomacy appears as ever more important.
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Fricheteau, Romain, Mounib Mekhilef, Yves Pages, and Thierry Hermitte. "New Challenges in Road Safety Evaluation: Towards the Development of an Evolutionary Framework." In ASME 2009 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2009-87316.

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As road safety issues become increasingly complex and involve various stakeholders, designing of safety actions as on-board vehicle safety systems or public policy measures needs knowledge that describes the performance level to fulfil the objectives. Performance is assessed by evaluating designed actions as regards their functional specifications. By its ability to create new knowledge, evaluation is also used to improve existing actions or to specify road safety strategies. However, given the complexity of the evaluation activity and its context, experts consider that the existing knowledge is insufficient. One considers that this situation reflects the lack of a theoretical framework. In particular, there is no way to identify emerging assessment issues due to the insertion of new safety systems and the emergence of new users’ behaviours. In this paper, we introduce a framework that describes the design of the evaluation methods in the field of road safety. It is used as a guide to build new evaluation models for specific stakeholders and viewpoints. This framework is based on the identification of the objectives to be achieved and the use of the evaluators’ expertise.
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Antonini, Massimo, Alberto Borboni, Roberto Bussola, and Rodolfo Faglia. "Automatic Procedures as Help for Optimal Cam Design." In ASME 8th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/esda2006-95122.

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In this work we suggest a synthesis of recent results obtained on the application of soft-computing techniques to solve typical automatic machines design problems. Particularly, here we show an optimization method based on the application of a specialized algorithms ruled by a generalized software procedures, which appears able to help the mechanical designer in the first part of the design process, when he has to choose among different wide classes of solutions. In this frame, among the different problems studied, we refer here about the choice of the best class of motion profiles, to be imposed to a cam follower, which must satisfy prefixed design specifications. A realistic behaviour of the system is considered and the parameter model identification is set up by a soft computing procedure. The design, based on theoretical knowledge, sometimes is not sufficient to fulfil desired dynamical performances, in this situation, a residual optimization is achieved with the help of another optimizing method. The problem of a cam-follower design is presented. A class of motion profiles and the best theoretical motion profile is selected by an evolutionary algorithm. A realistic model is considered and its parameter identification is achieved by a genetic algorithm. The residual optimization is achieved by a servomotor optimized by another genetic algorithm. Evolutionary approach is used during all the design process and, as was shown, it allows really interesting performance in terms of simplicity of the design process and in terms of performance of the product.
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