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1

Buss, David M. "An evolutionary formulation of person–situation interactions." Journal of Research in Personality 43, no. 2 (April 2009): 241–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jrp.2008.12.019.

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2

Smierzchalski, Roman, Lukasz Kuczkowski, Piotr Kolendo, and Bartosz Jaworski. "Distributed Evolutionary Algorithm for Path Planning in Navigation Situation." TransNav, the International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation 7, no. 2 (2013): 293–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.12716/1001.07.02.17.

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3

Szlapczynski, Rafal. "Evolutionary Sets Of Safe Ship Trajectories: A New Approach To Collision Avoidance." Journal of Navigation 64, no. 1 (November 26, 2010): 169–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0373463310000238.

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The paper introduces a new method of solving multi-ship encounter situations for both open waters and restricted water regions. The method, called evolutionary sets of safe trajectories, combines some of the assumptions of game theory with evolutionary programming and aims to find optimal sets of safe trajectories of all ships involved in an encounter situation. In a two-ship encounter situation it enables the operator of an onboard collision-avoidance system to predict the most probable behaviour of a target and to plan the own manoeuvres in advance. In a multi-ship encounter the method may be used to help an operator of a VTS system to coordinate the manoeuvres of all ships. The paper contains a detailed description of collision-avoidance operators used by the evolutionary method and simulation examples of the method's results for digital maps.
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Lekevicius, Edmundas. "EPILOGUE: ON THE SITUATION IN EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY AND COMMUNITY ECOLOGY." Acta Zoologica Lituanica 12, sup1 (January 2002): 75–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13921657.2002.10552633.

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5

Smierzchalski, Roman. "Evolutionary Guidance System for Ship in Collisions Situation at Sea." IFAC Proceedings Volumes 31, no. 3 (March 1998): 129–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1474-6670(17)44073-0.

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6

BURDETT, ROBERT L., and ERHAN KOZAN. "EVOLUTIONARY ALGORITHMS FOR RESOURCE CONSTRAINED NON-SERIAL MIXED FLOW SHOPS." International Journal of Computational Intelligence and Applications 03, no. 04 (December 2003): 411–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1469026803001105.

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In this paper the resource-constrained flow shop (RCF) problem is addressed. A number of realistic extensions are incorporated, including non-serial precedence requirements, mixed flow shop situations, and the distribution of the human workforce among a number of pre-determined groups. The RCF is then solved by meta-heuristics, primarily of the evolutionary type. An extensive numerical investigation, including a case study of a particular industrial situation, details the implementation and execution of the heuristics, and the efficiency of the proposed algorithms.
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Germanova, Svetlana Evgenievna, Tatiana Valeryevna Magdeeva, and Vadim Gennadievich Pliushchikov. "Model of monitoring of oil soil pollution and its termination." RUDN Journal of Agronomy and Animal Industries 16, no. 2 (December 15, 2021): 146–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2312-797x-2021-16-2-146-153.

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The assessment of impact of oil production economic activities on land pollution in Russia contributes to evolutionary management decision making. Oil industrial pollution affects negatively flora and fauna. Thus, its important to identify the level of its exposure and danger, the site of contamination. A system approach is needed. When studying the environment, its necessary to consider the presence of risk situations and stochastic irreversible changes. Its essential to identify the nature and type of soil contamination with petroleum products using high-tech tools, intellectual procedures. The work considers modeling of such situation, forecasting and identification of oil contaminants. The submodel of optimal termination of monitoring is also considered. Ending monitoring of environmental optimization will result in lower monitoring costs, since monitoring oilcontaminated environments is an expensive and complex technological mechanism, often requiring satellite data. The proposed algorithm for modeling and system analysis is based on situational modeling. Evolutionary modeling allows to adapt the procedure (methodology) of forecasting and assessment to environmental risk factors. It increases the accuracy (formalization and evidence) and completeness of conclusions, the efficiency of situation analysis, which affects manageability of risk both for the oil complex and for individual enterprise in the industry. The results of the research may be used for development of software tools, in particular expert and predictive systems. Situational models are needed when oil companies are solving multi-criteria and multifactor problems.
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8

McNamara, John M. "Towards a richer evolutionary game theory." Journal of The Royal Society Interface 10, no. 88 (November 6, 2013): 20130544. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2013.0544.

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Most examples of the application of evolutionary game theory to problems in biology involve highly simplified models. I contend that it is time to move on and include much more richness in models. In particular, more thought needs to be given to the importance of (i) between-individual variation; (ii) the interaction between individuals, and hence the process by which decisions are reached; (iii) the ecological and life-history context of the situation; (iv) the traits that are under selection, and (v) the underlying psychological mechanisms that lead to behaviour. I give examples where including variation between individuals fundamentally changes predicted outcomes of a game. Variation also selects for real-time responses, again resulting in changed outcomes. Variation can select for other traits, such as choosiness and social sensitivity. More generally, many problems involve coevolution of more than one trait. I identify situations where a reductionist approach, in which a game is isolated from is ecological setting, can be misleading. I also highlight the need to consider flexibility of behaviour, mental states and other issues concerned with the evolution of mechanism.
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9

González-Bravo, M. I., and Arjola Mecaj. "Structural and Evolutionary Patterns of Companies in a Financial Distress Situation." Advances in Decision Sciences 2011 (August 3, 2011): 1–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/928716.

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The present paper studies the evolution of a set of USA firms during the years 1993–2002. The firms that faced a difficult economic and financial situation in 1993 were considered to be in a distress situation. The aim of this study is to explore if the evolution of this situation depends on the initial features of the distress or if it concerns certain firms' characteristics. If the evolution is independent from the above, the management decisions become crucial in critical times. For the analysis we used a Multidimensional Scaling methodology where the firms are represented in a consensus map according to symptom variables, reaction variables, and recovering variables.
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10

Steinkopf, Leander. "The Social Situation of Sickness: an Evolutionary Perspective on Therapeutic Encounters." Evolutionary Psychological Science 3, no. 3 (February 7, 2017): 270–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40806-017-0086-8.

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11

Kuczkowski, Łukasz, and Roman Śmierzchalski. "Comparison of Single and Multi-Population Evolutionary Algorithm for Path Planning in Navigation Situation." Solid State Phenomena 210 (October 2013): 166–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.210.166.

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In this paper a comparison of single and multi-population evolutionary algorithm is presented. Tested algorithms are used to determine close to optimal ship paths in collision avoidance situation. For this purpose a path planning problem is defined. A specific structure of the individual path and fitness function is presented. Principle of operation of single-population and multi-population evolutionary algorithm is described. Using presented algorithms the simulations on three close to real sea environments were performed. Regardless of the test situation constant time simulation was maintained. Obtained results are presented in graphical form (sequences of successive stages of the simulation) and in form of table in which the values of fitness function for best individual in each simulation were compared. Undertaken research allow to select evolutionary algorithm that, assuming constant simulation time, will determine a better path in close to real collision avoidance situation at sea.
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12

Wang, Yong, and Zixing Cai. "Constrained Evolutionary Optimization by Means of (μ + λ)-Differential Evolution and Improved Adaptive Trade-Off Model." Evolutionary Computation 19, no. 2 (June 2011): 249–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/evco_a_00024.

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This paper proposes a (μ + λ)-differential evolution and an improved adaptive trade-off model for solving constrained optimization problems. The proposed (μ + λ)-differential evolution adopts three mutation strategies (i.e., rand/1 strategy, current-to-best/1 strategy, and rand/2 strategy) and binomial crossover to generate the offspring population. Moreover, the current-to-best/1 strategy has been improved in this paper to further enhance the global exploration ability by exploiting the feasibility proportion of the last population. Additionally, the improved adaptive trade-off model includes three main situations: the infeasible situation, the semi-feasible situation, and the feasible situation. In each situation, a constraint-handling mechanism is designed based on the characteristics of the current population. By combining the (μ + λ)-differential evolution with the improved adaptive trade-off model, a generic method named (μ + λ)-constrained differential evolution ((μ + λ)-CDE) is developed. The (μ + λ)-CDE is utilized to solve 24 well-known benchmark test functions provided for the special session on constrained real-parameter optimization of the 2006 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC2006). Experimental results suggest that the (μ + λ)-CDE is very promising for constrained optimization, since it can reach the best known solutions for 23 test functions and is able to successfully solve 21 test functions in all runs. Moreover, in this paper, a self-adaptive version of (μ + λ)-CDE is proposed which is the most competitive algorithm so far among the CEC2006 entries.
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Xie, Baowen, Guosheng Zhao, Mianxing Chao, and Jian Wang. "A prediction model of cloud security situation based on evolutionary functional network." Peer-to-Peer Networking and Applications 13, no. 5 (February 7, 2020): 1312–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12083-020-00875-9.

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14

Gokhale, Chaitanya S., and Arne Traulsen. "Mutualism and evolutionary multiplayer games: revisiting the Red King." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 279, no. 1747 (September 12, 2012): 4611–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2012.1697.

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Coevolution of two species is typically thought to favour the evolution of faster evolutionary rates helping a species keep ahead in the Red Queen race, where ‘it takes all the running you can do to stay where you are’. In contrast, if species are in a mutualistic relationship, it was proposed that the Red King effect may act, where it can be beneficial to evolve slower than the mutualistic species. The Red King hypothesis proposes that the species which evolves slower can gain a larger share of the benefits. However, the interactions between the two species may involve multiple individuals. To analyse such a situation, we resort to evolutionary multiplayer games. Even in situations where evolving slower is beneficial in a two-player setting, faster evolution may be favoured in a multiplayer setting. The underlying features of multiplayer games can be crucial for the distribution of benefits. They also suggest a link between the evolution of the rate of evolution and group size.
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15

McMahon, Michelle A., and Nancy M. Dluhy. "Ambiguity Within Nursing Practice: An Evolutionary Concept Analysis." Research and Theory for Nursing Practice 31, no. 1 (2017): 56–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/1541-6577.31.1.56.

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Purpose:To analyze the concept of ambiguity in a nursing context.Background:Ambiguity is inherent within nursing practice. As health care becomes increasingly complex, nurses must continue to successfully deal with greater amounts of clinical ambiguity. Although ambiguity is discussed in nursing, minimal concept refinement exists to capture the contextual intricacies from a nursing lens. Nurse perception of an ambiguous clinical event, in combination with nurse tolerance level for ambiguity, can impact nurse response. Yet, little is known about what constitutes ambiguity within nursing practice (AWNP).Method:Rodgers evolutionary method was used to explore AWNP, with emphasis on nurse thinking during ambiguous clinical situations. Literature searches across multiple databases yielded 38 articles for analysis.Results:Attributesof AWNP include (a) variations in cues/available information, (b) multiple interpretations, (c) novel/nonroutine presentations, and (d) unpredictable.Antecedentsinclude (a) a context-specific, clinical situation with ambiguous features needing evaluation and (b) an individual to sense a knowledge gap or perceive ambiguity.Consequencesinclude ranges of (a) emotional, (b) behavioral, and (c) cognitive clinician responses.Conclusion:Preliminary findings support AWNP as a distinct concept in which ambiguity perceived by the nurse likely affects judgment, decision making, and clinical interventions. AWNP is a clinically relevant concept requiring continued development.
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16

Zhang, Wei, Peng Cui, Tianmei Wang, and Jianbo Wen. "Dynamic Evolutionary Analysis of Government’s Response Capacity to Public Emergencies." Journal of Computational and Theoretical Nanoscience 14, no. 1 (January 1, 2017): 137–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jctn.2017.6139.

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The current researches are lack of structural and quantitative analysis on network opinion coping strategies, thus, they cannot provide practical and operational practices in dealing with network opinion. As echoing to the deficits of the research and based on Chinese situations, this paper proposed six stages model of network opinion on public events, that is brewing stage, outbreak stage, diffusion stage, iteration stage, regression stage and long-tail stage. Then, knowledge element based descriptive model were put forward by adopting the theory of “situation-response” decision model and the method of knowledge engineering theory. And finally, the cross-case dynamic evolutionary analysis were carried out in terms of public emergencies and the results showed that the two proposed models were effective in describing the events changes and the dynamic evolutionary characteristics of government’s response capability, which indicate that they can provide government with some operational suggestions in coping with network opinions.
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17

Keszei, Barbara, Bálint Halász, Anna Losonczi, and Andrea Dúll. "Space Syntax's Relation to Seating Choices from an Evolutionary Approach." Periodica Polytechnica Architecture 50, no. 2 (November 28, 2019): 115–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.3311/ppar.14251.

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Space syntax provides information on the probabilities of certain behaviour types (e.g., seating choice, movement) depending on the configuration of space. The evolutionary approach (e.g. Appleton’s prospect-refuge theory) in environmental psychology can help designers in creating spaces by providing a better understanding why certain parts of an open space or a building are avoided or occupied, why good "observation points" or "hiding places” are preferred. Our research aimed to explore how different space syntax variables predict specific behaviours – the seating choices of 216 participants – in a 3D virtual model of a lounge area and how the prospect-refuge theory relates to these predictions. The participants had to choose a seat in simulated spaces in two social situations, which differed in the degree of focused work and concentration: one of the situations implied seeing others and being seen, while the other highlighted focused work and hiding. The results show that there was a variation in the seating choices depending on the goal of the situation (user: trying to be seen or hiding). The expected significant correlations with the space syntax measurements were presented in the situations where being seen was the goal of the participants. However, in the situations where hiding was induced, our results need further clarification. Our future goal is to provide quantitative, evidence-based reflection on the prospect-refuge and space syntax theories, and to investigate the psychological factors (e.g., goal of the user) that need further consideration when applying these theories in the design practice.
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18

Jing, Shuwei, Zhuangyi Zhang, and Junai Yan. "Government Supervision Mode Selection in the Promotion Period of Prefabricated Construction Using Evolutionary Game." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2020 (June 9, 2020): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/7105617.

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Aiming at the speculative behavior of some developers who seek private interests in the promotion period of prefabricated construction, this research combines the actual situation, objectively and reasonably determines the parameters in the model, and builds an evolutionary game model to study the choice of government supervision mode in different situations, from the perspective of government supervision. The results showed that the choice of government supervision mode has great connection with the probability of identifying developers’ speculative behavior when the government adopts node supervision. When the probability is greater than the developers’ speculative value, the government will choose node supervision, while the developers will not adopt speculative behavior. Conversely, there will be a periodic behavior pattern in the evolutionary system, and the choice of government supervision mode is related to the value of each parameter. At the same time, the minimum probability of identifying speculative behavior that keeps the optimal situation stable is obtained. On this basis, the paper takes a practical case to discuss the influence of different parameter variations on the choice of government supervision mode and makes numerical simulations; then it puts forward some specific suggestions for government to restrain the speculative behavior of developer.
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19

Gutmann, Mathias. "Das Ende der (Natur-)Geschichte?" Deutsche Zeitschrift für Philosophie 68, no. 5 (October 1, 2020): 768–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/dzph-2020-0052.

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Abstract Evolution seems tobe a perfect example of a historical process: It began with the earliest “living” units, progressed to massive diversity and disparity, and resulted in our recent lifeworld, the subject-matter of the evolutionary biologist. Yet some irritation remains considering the logical grammar of “history”, as it seems to introduce non-functional aspects into evolutionary theory – which is often addressed as contingency in evolutionary biology. But even reducing the “historical” aspect of evolutionary biology to a functional understanding of lifeworld, we have to consider the specific historicity of the epistemic situation of the evolutionary biologist. This paper argues for the relevance of the explication of this peculiar epistemic situation, taking into account the recent systemic transformations of evolutionary theory. The argument is developed in three steps: first, a revision of the use of temporal expressions in (bio-)sciences, revealing the prevalence of a non-modal understanding of time, which leads to “thin” temporal characterizations of biological processes. Second, based upon biology’s shift toward system paradigms, the formal structure of recent evolutionary approaches is shown to result in a “loss of historicity”. Finally, the consequences for the self-understanding of humans as evolutionary lifeforms are explicated. This reconstruction of the difference between historical and evolutionary judgment emphasizes the relevance of the modal aspects of temporality, which is demonstrated by considering a significant shift of the underlying temporal frames. Accordingly to human beings as historical entities, the differences between natural history, prehistory and history proper are relocated within the concept of history itself.
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Śmierzchalski, Roman, and Andrzej Łebkowski. "Evolutionary-fuzzy system of safe ship steering in a collision situation at sea." IFAC Proceedings Volumes 36, no. 21 (September 2003): 235–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1474-6670(17)37813-8.

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21

Sunitiyoso, Yos, and Shoji Matsumoto. "Dynamic Mode Choice of Commuters in an Agent-Based Simulation Model with Inductive Learning Machines." Journal of Advanced Computational Intelligence and Intelligent Informatics 9, no. 3 (May 20, 2005): 329–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jaciii.2005.p0329.

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This study applies an agent-based approach to modeling a transport system. Using the advantage of agent-based models of being validated at an individual level, a social dilemma of travel mode choice is modeled and viewed as a complex system. An inductive learning machine is combined with an evolutionary approach to simulate traveler learning. A user-equilibrium point predicted by conventional analysis is reached and stabilized. The stable situation is produced by interaction among agents and by behavioral change of each agent, without a central or external rule that organizes objectives of the system. The study shows conditions that may produce other stable situations besides the user equilibrium point. An emergent situation combined with traveler sensitivity to payoff differences is influential.
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Filjar, Renato, Gordan Jezic, and Maja Matijasevic. "Location-Based Services: A Road Towards Situation Awareness." Journal of Navigation 61, no. 4 (October 2008): 573–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0373463308004864.

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With the widespread use of mobile devices and increased demand for mobile services, Location-Based Services (LBS) represent a promising addition to service offerings of network operators as well as third-party service providers. Based on long-term research in LBS, our group has proposed a generic Enhanced LBS Reference Model (ELRM), which describes the concept, the architecture and the functionalities of the LBS. In addition, an evolutionary information process has been identified within the LBS, that represents knowledge maturity from position awareness to situation awareness. Both the ELRM and the information evolution process in LBS are presented in this article and illustrated by a case study within the framework of the 3GPP-standardised IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS). This case-study emphasises the opportunities for navigation- and LBS-related solutions development provided by modern telecommunication technologies.
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23

Kawalek, Peter, and Jenny Leonard. "Evolutionary Software Development to Support Organizational and Business process Change: A Case Study Account." Journal of Information Technology 11, no. 3 (September 1996): 185–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026839629601100301.

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This paper addresses the issues of software development in situations of organizational and process change. There is wide agreement in the literature that organizations have to be increasingly flexible in order to survive in the current economic climate. They must innovate, replicate, adapt and extemporize. As they do so, the requirements they have of their software applications are likely to change. Equally, as new software solutions are provided, new opportunities for business change arise. The situation is made still more complex because even if the needs of organizations were stable, we still could not be certain of the validity of an application's functions. This is because the process of program development is inherently uncertain. From this situation arise difficult, practical challenges for those concerned with the deployment of software in organizations. Starting with a consideration of the nature of organizations themselves, this paper takes looks at these problems by moving between three related points. It looks at software development methodologies and suggests that these have in the past tended to assume that discrete IT solutions can be cast for a ‘steady state’ which the organization is attempting to achieve. From the second vantage point it looks at the role of IT staff in supporting the operational needs of the organization. The third is the nature of software systems themselves.
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Shintaeva, F. E., and Z. Sh Orazymbetova. "Evolutionary change in the social protection system of the population of independent Kazakhstan." BULLETIN Series of Sociological and Political sciences 72, no. 4 (December 30, 2020): 64–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.51889/2020-4.1728-8940.10.

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In this article, the authors talk about the evolutionary changes in the system of social protection of the population in Kazakhstan, that is, about the evolutionary changes in the policy of social protection of the population of the USSR and modern Kazakhstan. The authors begin this situation by considering the example of the independent Republic of Kazakhstan, which was part of the USSR.
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Penke, Lars, Jaap J. A. Denissen, and Geoffrey F. Miller. "The evolutionary genetics of personality." European Journal of Personality 21, no. 5 (August 2007): 549–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/per.629.

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Genetic influences on personality differences are ubiquitous, but their nature is not well understood. A theoretical framework might help, and can be provided by evolutionary genetics. We assess three evolutionary genetic mechanisms that could explain genetic variance in personality differences: selective neutrality, mutation‐selection balance, and balancing selection. Based on evolutionary genetic theory and empirical results from behaviour genetics and personality psychology, we conclude that selective neutrality is largely irrelevant, that mutation‐selection balance seems best at explaining genetic variance in intelligence, and that balancing selection by environmental heterogeneity seems best at explaining genetic variance in personality traits. We propose a general model of heritable personality differences that conceptualises intelligence as fitness components and personality traits as individual reaction norms of genotypes across environments, with different fitness consequences in different environmental niches. We also discuss the place of mental health in the model. This evolutionary genetic framework highlights the role of gene‐environment interactions in the study of personality, yields new insight into the person‐situation‐debate and the structure of personality, and has practical implications for both quantitative and molecular genetic studies of personality. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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DING, FEI, YUN LIU, and YONG LI. "CO-EVOLUTION OF OPINION AND STRATEGY IN PERSUASION DYNAMICS: AN EVOLUTIONARY GAME THEORETICAL APPROACH." International Journal of Modern Physics C 20, no. 03 (March 2009): 479–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129183109013728.

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In this paper, a new model of opinion formation within the framework of evolutionary game theory is presented. The model simulates strategic situations when people are in opinion discussion. Heterogeneous agents adjust their behaviors to the environment during discussions, and their interacting strategies evolve together with opinions. In the proposed game, we take into account payoff discount to join a discussion, and the situation that people might drop out of an unpromising game. Analytical and emulational results show that evolution of opinion and strategy always tend to converge, with utility threshold, memory length, and decision uncertainty parameters influencing the convergence time. The model displays different dynamical regimes when we set differently the rule when people are at a loss in strategy.
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Li, Xingwei, Ruonan Huang, Jiachi Dai, Jingru Li, and Qiong Shen. "Research on the Evolutionary Game of Construction and Demolition Waste (CDW) Recycling Units’ Green Behavior, Considering Remanufacturing Capability." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 17 (September 2, 2021): 9268. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18179268.

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At present, China has not yet formed an effective development model for the industrialization of construction waste. The level of construction waste treatment and resource utilization is still low, and recycled products also lack market competitiveness. In order to promote the effective development of the remanufactured construction and demolition waste supply chain better, and based on the present situation, this manuscript establishes a game model for recycling units in two different situations: with and without remanufacturing capabilities. However, most existing studies have determined that all recycling units have remanufacturing capabilities. In the first situation, the main players of the game are recycling units with remanufacturing capabilities and consumers. In the second situation, the main players of the game are recycling units without remanufacturing capabilities and the third-party remanufacturer with remanufacturing ability. Therefore, our research can ascertain the optimal strategy choices of both parties in the game under different return situations and discuss the impact of changes to related parameters through numerical simulations. The results show: (1) When the recycling unit has remanufacturing capabilities, corporate leadership and government supervision rate have positive effects on its evolution to strict manufacturing. Only a high supervision rate can effectively suppress the negative impact of speculative gains and drive the system to (strict manufacturing; positive). Furthermore, the higher the supervision rate, the faster the system will converge. Then, the consumer’s payment difference coefficient has a negative effect on the evolution of the recycling unit to strict manufacturing. The larger the payment difference coefficient, the faster the system will converge to a stable state (tendency to formal manufacturing; negative). (2) When the recycling unit does not have the ability to remanufacture, the government cost subsidy rate and the recycling unit’s effort profit coefficient have positive effects on the recycling unit’s evolution to the direction of effort. Meanwhile, the larger the profit coefficient of the recovery unit’s effort, the faster the system will converge. The conclusions obtained provide certain theoretical guidance for the decision making of CDW recycling supply chain recovery units and relevant government departments.
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Sakalaki, Maria, and Kyriaki Fousiani. "Social Embeddedness and Economic Opportunism: A Game Situation." Psychological Reports 110, no. 3 (June 2012): 955–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/21.02.09.17.pr0.110.3.955-962.

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According to Evolutionary Game Theory, multiple exchanges with partners are necessary to foster cooperation. Multiple exchanges with partners tend to enhance the good experience of the partners and the predictability of their behaviour and should therefore increase cooperativeness. This study explored whether social embeddedness, or the preference for close and stable social relationships, a variable which tends to increase multiple exchanges, is associated with more cooperative attitudes; and whether social embeddedness increases cooperative behavior towards unknown partners in a game situation. The first study, with 169 undergraduates, indicated that social embeddedness (preference for close and durable social relations) was negatively associated with opportunistic attitudes. The second study had a sample of 60 undergraduates playing a Trust Game with unknown partners and showed that self-reported social embeddedness was positively correlated with scores for cooperative economic behavior towards the partners. These results highlight the relationships of social embeddedness with cooperative attitudes and behaviour.
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Zhang, Ming Qin, Dong Sheng Cong, Hai Ying Qin, Qin He, and Sha Sha Zhang. "Laws of Technological System Evolution Applied in the Conceptual Design of New Stereo Garage." Advanced Materials Research 308-310 (August 2011): 894–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.308-310.894.

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Based on lines of technological system evolution in TRIZ, the seminar analyzed the current situation of the stereo garage development, summarized the evolutionary lines, mapped out the potential evolution diagram of stereo garage combining with improved evolutionary potential diagram, and concluded evolutionary potential in automation, spheroidality, intellectualization, standardization and multi-systematic. Based on the above, a new model for conceptual design of the stereo garage was raised. The success of the design and trial production of new stereo garage indicated the feasibility of application of technical system evolution law in predicting the future development of product.
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Ma, Yun Dong, and Shuang Liang. "Tunnel Lining Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Evolutionary Analysis." Applied Mechanics and Materials 580-583 (July 2014): 1168–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.580-583.1168.

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For the tunnel lining microstructure, mechanical properties evolve analyzed. This paper have established and meshed microstructural model and got the situation under its force structure loads, the cracking strain as a criterion for its application fracture criterion to get a good cracking and expansion of the tunnel lining meso model. The results of the case under the macrostructure of the model compared with the microstructure results can get the adventage of the microstructure in using tunnel lining.
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Teichert, Curt. "Crises in Cephalopod Evolution." Notes for a Short Course: Studies in Geology 13 (1985): 202–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0271164800001184.

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The 520 million year evolutionary history of the Cephalopoda is punctuated by a number of severe crises during each of which this class came very close to extinction. These are fully documented only for the externally shelled, or ectocochlian, cephalopods to which my remarks are, therefore, restricted. The word crisis should be defined narrowly in the sense in which it is used in medicine, business, and the social sciences: “a condition…. felt to endanger the continuity of the individual or his group “(Webster's Third International Dictionary). Within species, genus, and family groups evolutionary crises are, of course, commonplace, and even orders may disappear without threatening the extinction of an entire class. It is only when all, or almost all, taxa of family-group and lower hierarchic level disappear more or less simultaneously, or within a geologically very short period of time, that we may speak of a crisis, a situation that threatens the very survival of a class, or higher taxon, of organisms. It is the purpose of this presentation to study in some detail this kind of situation as it has affected the evolutionary history of the Cephalopoda.
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32

De Backer, Charlotte J. S. "Blinded by the Starlight: An Evolutionary Framework for Studying Celebrity Culture and Fandom." Review of General Psychology 16, no. 2 (June 2012): 144–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0027909.

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Seeing is believing. Historically, print media has used visual illustrations to add credibility to their texts. The power of visuals is indeed stronger than the power of words. Even though pictures can be manipulated to not portraying any truth, we more easily believe what we see, compared with what we hear or what we read. Visual representations of reality create the false belief as if we witness the situation; an eye-witness perception translates into an I-witness emotional response. From an evolutionarily point of view, this can be labeled as a mismatch outcome of evolved psychological mechanisms. Adaptations to deal with situations that existed in our evolutionary past are being triggered by modern artifacts that might not be fitness-relevant themselves, but look a lot like fitness-relevant cues from the past. A classic example is, for instance, a fear reaction upon encountering a water hose that looks a lot like a snake. In a similar fashion, pictures, being visual representations of the world, look a lot like personal perceptions of the real world and might trigger mental mechanisms to deal with problems associated with this world. Applying this to understand the worship of stars, the author explains how mainly visual stimuli contribute to the formation of parasocial (one way) bonds between stars and their audience. The author draws on theories from the social sciences (communication studies, politics, and sociology), psychology, economics, and evolutionary biology, first to explain the field of celebrity or star studies, second to address the importance of visuals in the production of stars, and finally to explore why audiences worldwide tend to become emotionally involved with individuals they encounter on screens, with whom any form (or possibility of) physical interaction is highly unlikely.
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33

Peng, Haoyue, and Yao Xing. "An Evolutionary Game Analysis on the Ecological Poverty Alleviation Industry." E3S Web of Conferences 275 (2021): 01052. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202127501052.

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Ecological poverty alleviation is a new idea that combines environmental protection and poverty alleviation, and the ecological industry poverty alleviation is an important part of it. The ecological poverty alleviation industry involves multiple bodies. Since different bodies have different strategic choices, there is a complex game relationship between them. From the perspective of evolutionary game, this article explores the game situation between local government and enterprises in the ecological poverty alleviation industry, and puts forward corresponding policy recommendations based on the results of game analysis.
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34

Lee, Bor-Hon, Albert Jing-Fuh Yang, and Yenming J. Chen. "Machine learning of stochastic automata and evolutionary games." Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems 40, no. 4 (April 12, 2021): 7875–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/jifs-189609.

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A large categories of time series fluctuate dramatically, for example, prices of agriculture produce. Traditional methods in time series and stochastic prediction may not capture such dynamics. This paper tries to use machine learning to tune the model for a real situation by establishing a price determination mechanism on the model of stochastic automata (SA) and evolutionary game (EG). Time series volatility attributed to the chaotic process can be obtained through the learning algorithm of Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC). Using machine learning through the chaotic analysis of stochastic automata and evolutionary games, we find that a more spatially aggregated distribution (smaller entropy) leads to larger time series fluctuations, regardless of the initial distribution of crops. By integrating the factors discovered in this study, we can develop a better learning algorithm in a highly volatile time series in agriculture prices.
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35

Feng, Tongyao, Shuangliang Tai, Chengshuang Sun, and Qingpeng Man. "Study on Cooperative Mechanism of Prefabricated Producers Based on Evolutionary Game Theory." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2017 (2017): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/1676045.

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Good cooperation mechanism is an important guarantee for the advancement of industrialization construction. To strengthen the partnership between producers, we analyze the behavior evolution trend of both parties using an evolutionary game theory. Based on the original model, the mechanism of coordination and cooperation between prefabricated producers is explained under the condition of punishment and incentive. The results indicate that stable evolutionary strategies exist under both cooperation and noncooperation, and the evolutionary results are influenced by the initial proportion of both decision-making processes. The government can support the production enterprises to establish a solid partnership through effective punishment and incentive mechanisms to reduce the initial cost in the supply chain of prefabricated construction, resulting in a win-win situation.
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36

Shahsavari, Hooman, Zahra Zare, Zohreh Parsa-Yekta, Pauline Griffiths, and Mojtaba Vaismoradi. "Learning Situations in Nursing Education: A Concept Analysis." Research and Theory for Nursing Practice 32, no. 1 (April 2018): 23–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/1541-6577.32.1.23.

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Background and purpose:The nursing student requires opportunities to learn within authentic contexts so as to enable safe and competent practice. One strategy to facilitate such learning is the creation of learning situations. A lack of studies on the learning situation in nursing and other health care fields has resulted in insufficient knowledge of the characteristics of the learning situation, its antecedents, and consequences. Nurse educators need to have comprehensive and practical knowledge of the definition and characteristics of the learning situation so as to enable their students to achieve enhanced learning outcomes. The aim of this study was to clarify the concept of the learning situation as it relates to the education of nurses and improve understanding of its characteristics, antecedents, and consequences.Methods:The Bonis method of concept analysis, as derived from the Rodgers’ evolutionary method, provided the framework for analysis. Data collection and analysis were undertaken in two phases: “interdisciplinary” and “intra-disciplinary.” The data source was a search of the literature, encompassing nursing and allied health care professions, published from 1975 to 2016.Results:No agreement on the conceptual phenomenon was discovered in the international literature. The concept of a learning situation was used generally in two ways and thus classified into the themes of: “formal/informal learning situation” and “biologic/nonbiologic learning situation.” Antecedents to the creation of a learning situation included personal and environmental factors. The characteristics of a learning situation were described in terms of being complex, dynamic, and offering potential and effective learning opportunities. Consequences of the learning situation included enhancement of the students’ learning, professionalization, and socialization into the professional role.Implication for Practice:The nurse educator, when considering the application of the concept of a learning situation in their educational planning, must acknowledge that the application of this concept will include the student’s clinical learning experiences. More studies are required to determine factors influencing the creation of a successful learning situation from the perspectives of nurse educators and nursing students, clinical nurses and patients.
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37

Canapa, Adriana, Marco Barucca, Maria A. Biscotti, Mariko Forconi, and Ettore Olmo. "Transposons, Genome Size, and Evolutionary Insights in Animals." Cytogenetic and Genome Research 147, no. 4 (2015): 217–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000444429.

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The relationship between genome size and the percentage of transposons in 161 animal species evidenced that variations in genome size are linked to the amplification or the contraction of transposable elements. The activity of transposable elements could represent a response to environmental stressors. Indeed, although with different trends in protostomes and deuterostomes, comprehensive changes in genome size were recorded in concomitance with particular periods of evolutionary history or adaptations to specific environments. During evolution, genome size and the presence of transposable elements have influenced structural and functional parameters of genomes and cells. Changes of these parameters have had an impact on morphological and functional characteristics of the organism on which natural selection directly acts. Therefore, the current situation represents a balance between insertion and amplification of transposons and the mechanisms responsible for their deletion or for decreasing their activity. Among the latter, methylation and the silencing action of small RNAs likely represent the most frequent mechanisms.
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38

Zong, Xian Liang. "Study on the Influence of Government Incentive Measures on Product Recovery Based on System Dynamics Simulation." Advanced Materials Research 711 (June 2013): 701–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.711.701.

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An evolutionary game model between manufacturers is established to study the influence of government incentive measures for the EOL product recovery based on the assumption that all manufacturers have bounded rationality. Analysis on stable state shows that the evolutionary stable state does not always exist in the model. On the basis of this analysis, a system dynamics model is established to analyze the influence of the lowest recovery ratio and the fixed reward on the recovery behaviors of manufacturers by simulation. Simulation results illustrate that there exists a reasonable range of the lowest recovery ratio within which government incentive measures work well and the fixed reward can expand the width of the reasonable range. Any above or below the reasonable range of the lowest recovery ratio will invalidate government incentive measures. Government should enhance the degree of the lowest recovery ratio in the below situation, and provide manufacturers with greater amounts of reward for their product recovery actions in the above situation.
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39

Xiao, Ren Bin, Rui Wu Yu, and Lin Lin Zhu. "Evolutionary Game on the Utility Decision of the Duopoly Retailers’ Marketing Objectives." Advanced Materials Research 314-316 (August 2011): 2312–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.314-316.2312.

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Firstly, model the evolutionary game dynamical system on the utility decision of the retailers’ marketing objectives in the duopoly situation, individuals in the same retailer group procure goods from the same supplier, and each individuals could select profit strategy or revenue strategy. Secondly, based on standard and spiteful replicator dynamic equation, use new replicator dynamical equation to study whether the equilibrium points are evolutionary stable strategies. Finally, simulate how the proportion of choosing profit strategy changes as time goes. The study shows that if the market scale meets certain constraints and the weight value of decision preference on the profit maximization marketing objective is more than 1/3, the retailer will choose profit as the marketing objective, and vice versa. The probability of the individuals competing with each other within the same group and the demand elastic coefficient don’t influence the result of the evolutionary stable strategies, but influence the evolutionary process of replicator dynamical systems.
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40

Lin, Rongheng, Zezhou Ye, and Yingying Zhao. "OPEC: Daily Load Data Analysis Based on Optimized Evolutionary Clustering." Energies 12, no. 14 (July 11, 2019): 2668. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12142668.

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Customers’ electricity consumption behavior can be studied from daily load data. Studying the daily load data for user behavior pattern analysis is an emerging research area in smart grid. Traditionally, the daily load data can be clustered into different clusters, to reveal the different categories of consumption. However, as user’s electricity consumption behavior changes over time, classical clustering algorithms are not suitable for tracing the changes, as they rebuild the clusters when clustering at any timestamp but never consider the relationship with the clusters in the previous state. To understand the changes of consumption behavior, we proposed an optimized evolutionary clustering (OPEC) algorithm, which optimized the existing evolutionary clustering algorithm by joining the Proper Restart (PR) Framework. OPEC relied on the basic fact that user’s energy consumption behavior would not abruptly change significantly, so the clusters would change progressively and remain similar in adjacent periods, except for an emergency. The newly added PR framework can deal with a situation where data changes dramatically in a short period of time, and where the former frameworks of evolutionary clustering do not work well. We evaluated the OPEC based on daily load data from Shanghai, China and the power load diagram data from UCI machine learning repository. We also carefully discussed the adjustment of the parameter in the optimized algorithm and gave an optimal value for reference. OPEC can be implemented to adapt to this situation and improve clustering quality. By understanding the changes of the users’ power consumption modes, we can detect abnormal power consumption behaviors, and also analyze the changing trend to improve the operations of the power system. This is significant for the regulation of peak load in the power grid. In addition, it can bring certain economic benefits to the operation of the power grid.
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41

Kenrick, Douglas T., and Alicia Barr. "Testosterone's role in dominance, sex, and aggression: Why so controversial?" Behavioral and Brain Sciences 21, no. 3 (June 1998): 379–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x98431224.

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Testosterone's connection to sex differences and key evolutionary processes arouses controversy. Effects on humans and other species, though, are not robotically deterministic but are parts of complex interactions. We discuss the societal implications of these findings and consider how the naturalistic fallacy and the person–situation dichotomy contribute to misunderstandings here.
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42

Pushkaryov, Kirill Vladimirovich. "Global optimization via neural network approximation of inverse coordinate mappings with evolutionary parameter control." Program Systems: Theory and Applications 10, no. 2 (2019): 3–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.25209/2079-3316-2019-10-2-3-31.

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A hybrid method of global optimization NNAICM-PSO is presented. It uses neural network approximation of inverse mappings of objective function values to coordinates combined with particle swarm optimization to find the global minimum of a continuous objective function of multiple variables with bound constraints. The objective function is viewed as a black box. The method employs groups of moving probe points attracted by goals like in particle swarm optimization. One of the possible goals is determined via mapping of decreased objective function values to coordinates by modified Dual Generalized Regression Neural Networks constructed from probe points. The parameters of the search are controlled by an evolutionary algorithm. The algorithm forms a population of evolving rules each containing a tuple of parameter values. There are two measures of fitness: short-term (charm) and long-term (merit). Charm is used to select rules for reproduction and application. Merit determines survival of an individual. This two-fold system preserves potentially useful individuals from extinction due to short-term situation changes. Test problems of 100 variables were solved. The results indicate that evolutionary control is better than random variation of parameters for NNAICM-PSO. With some problems, when rule bases are reused, error progressively decreases in subsequent runs, which means that the method adapts to the problem.
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43

Mackenzie Rivero, Alexander, Alberto Rodríguez Rodríguez, Edwin Joao Merchán Carreño, and Rodrigo Martínez Béjar. "Machine Learning for the Evolutionary Analysis of Breast Cancer." Journal of Science and Research: Revista Ciencia e Investigación 3, CITT2017 (February 22, 2018): 44–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.26910/issn.2528-8083vol3isscitt2017.2018pp44-49.

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The use of machine learning allows the creation of a predictive data model, as a result of the analysis in a data set with 286 instances and nine attributes belonging to the Institute of Oncology of the University Medical Center. Ljubljana. Based on this situation, the data are preprocessed by applying intelligent data analysis techniques to eliminate missing values as well as the evaluation of each attribute that allows the optimization of results. We used several classification algorithms including J48 trees, random forest, bayes net, naive bayes, decision table, in order to obtain one that given the characteristics of the data, would allow the best classification percentage and therefore a better matrix of confusion, Using 66 % of the data for learning and 33 % for validating the model. Using this model, a predictor with a 71,134 % e effectiveness is obtained to estimate or not the recurrence of breast cancer.
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44

Frost, Miroslav, Martin Kružík, and Jan Valdman. "Interfacial polyconvex energy-enhanced evolutionary model for shape memory alloys." Mathematics and Mechanics of Solids 24, no. 8 (July 30, 2019): 2619–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1081286519841103.

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A sharp-interface model describing static equilibrium configurations of shape memory alloys by means of interfacial polyconvex energy density introduced by Šilhavý and extended to a quasistatic situation by Knüpfer and Kružík is computationally tested. Elastic properties of variants of martensite and the austenite are described by polyconvex energy density functions. Volume fractions of particular variants are modeled by a map of bounded variation. In addition, energy stored in martensite–martensite and austenite–martensite interfaces is measured by an interface-polyconvex function. It is assumed that transformations between material variants are accompanied by energy dissipation, which, in our case, is positively one-homogeneous giving rise to a rate-independent model. Various two-dimensional computational examples are presented and the computer code used is made available for download.
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45

Brookfield, J. F. "Models of repression of transposition in P-M hybrid dysgenesis by P cytotype and by zygotically encoded repressor proteins." Genetics 128, no. 2 (June 1, 1991): 471–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/128.2.471.

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Abstract By analytical theory and computer simulation the expected evolutionary dynamics of P transposable element spread in an infinite population are investigated. The analysis is based on the assumption that, unlike transposable elements which move via RNA intermediates, the harmful effects of P elements arise primarily in the act of transposition, and that this causes their evolutionary dynamics to be unusual. It is suggested that a situation of transposition-selection balance will be superceded by the buildup of a cytoplasmically inherited repression or by the elimination of active transposase-encoding elements from the chromosomes, a process which may be accompanied by the evolution of elements which encode proteins which repress transposition.
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46

Roopnarine, Peter D., and Kenneth D. Angielczyk. "The evolutionary palaeoecology of species and the tragedy of the commons." Biology Letters 8, no. 1 (August 24, 2011): 147–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2011.0662.

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The fossil record presents palaeoecological patterns of rise and fall on multiple scales of time and biological organization. Here, we argue that the rise and fall of species can result from a tragedy of the commons, wherein the pursuit of self-interests by individual agents in a larger interactive system is detrimental to the overall performance or condition of the system. Species evolving within particular communities may conform to this situation, affecting the ecological robustness of their communities. Results from a trophic network model of Permian–Triassic terrestrial communities suggest that community performance on geological timescales may in turn constrain the evolutionary opportunities and histories of the species within them.
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47

Germanova, Svetlana E., Tatiana V. Dremova, Nataliya B. Sambros, and Polina A. Petrovskaya. "Impact of the oil production complex on land pollution in Russia." Revista Amazonia Investiga 9, no. 27 (March 21, 2020): 294–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.34069/ai/2020.27.03.32.

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The assessment of the impact of the economic activities of the Russian oil-producing complex on land pollution contributes to the adoption of evolutionary management decisions. It also helps to take into account the opinion of society, the Ministry of Emergency Situations. In the oil complex, industrial pollution negatively affects flora and fauna. It's important to identify the level of exposure, the degree of its danger, the location of the contamination. The work deals with the methodology, information-logical and mathematical model of solving the above problem. The main result of the work is a system and procedure (technique) for analyzing the results of monitoring and forecasting of land cover take into consideration the sanitary and hygienic consequences of residual content of petroleum products. As a result of the system analysis, an approach to the construction of alternative solutions has been proposed, taking into account not only permissible pollution standards, but also environmental, sanitary and epidemiological norms and assessment methods. The emergence of soil systems, their categories, is taken into account. In particular, (in importance) risks for soil cover-morphological, bio-physical-chemical, ecological-health, toxic influence and irreversible processes and bifurcations, including taking into account regional peculiarities and restoration potential of soil, are considered. Proposed algorithm of simulation and system analysis is based on situational modeling. Evolutionary modeling allows you to adapt the prediction and assessment procedure (methodology) to the risk factors of the environment. It increases accuracy (formalization and evidence) and completeness of conclusions, efficiency of situation analysis, which affects manageability of risk both for oil complex and for individual enterprise of the industry. The results of the work may be used for the development of software tools, in particular expert and predictive systems. Situational models are needed when oil companies are addressing multi-criteria and multi-factor decision-making challenges.
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48

ALLEN ORR, H. "The evolutionary genetics of adaptation: a simulation study." Genetical Research 74, no. 3 (December 1999): 207–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016672399004164.

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It is now clear that the genetic basis of adaptation does not resemble that assumed by the infinitesimal model. Instead, adaptation often involves a modest number of factors of large effect and a greater number of factors of smaller effect. After reviewing relevant experimental studies, I consider recent theoretical attempts to predict the genetic architecture of adaptation from first principles. In particular, I review the history of work on Fisher's geometric model of adaptation, including recent studies which suggest that adaptation should be characterized by exponential distributions of gene effects. I also present the results of new simulation studies that test the robustness of this finding. I explore the effects of changes in the distribution of mutational effects (absolute versus relative) as well as in the nature of the character studied (total phenotypic effect versus single characters). The results show that adaptation towards a fixed optimum is generally characterized by an exponential effects trend.The situation to which these studies point is not one of a large number of genes all with more or less equal effect. It seems, rather, that a small number of genes with large effects are responsible for most of the response, the remainder of the response being due to a larger number of loci with small effects.D. S. Falconer (1981)
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49

VOS, TANJA E. J., ARTHUR I. BAARS, FELIX F. LINDLAR, ANDREAS WINDISCH, BENJAMIN WILMES, HAMILTON GROSS, PETER M. KRUSE, and JOACHIM WEGENER. "INDUSTRIAL CASE STUDIES FOR EVALUATING SEARCH BASED STRUCTURAL TESTING." International Journal of Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering 22, no. 08 (December 2012): 1123–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218194012500313.

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Evolutionary structural testing has been researched and promising results have been presented. However, it has hardly been applied to real-world complex systems and as such, little is known about the scalability, applicability and acceptability of it in an industrial setting. The European project EvoTest (IST-33472) team has been working from 2006 till 2009 to improve this situation and this paper informs about the results. We start with an overview of tools and techniques which we have developed for automated evolutionary structural testing. Subsequently, we describe the empirical setup used to study the applicability of evolutionary structural testing in industry through two case studies. The test objects used for the studies are selected functions (handwritten and generated) from production systems at Daimler and Berner & Mattner Systemtechnik (BMS) like, for example, Rear Window Defroster, Global Powertrain Engine Controller, Window Lift Control System, etc. The results of the case studies are described and research questions are assessed based on the obtained results. In summary, the results indicate that evolutionary structural testing in an industrial setting is worthwhile and profitable. Hardly any detailed knowledge of evolutionary computation is required to search for interesting test data. The case studies also research the benefits of using techniques like automated parameter tuning and search space smoothing.
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50

LIERO, MATTHIAS, and ALEXANDER MIELKE. "AN EVOLUTIONARY ELASTOPLASTIC PLATE MODEL DERIVED VIA Γ-CONVERGENCE." Mathematical Models and Methods in Applied Sciences 21, no. 09 (September 2011): 1961–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218202511005611.

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This paper is devoted to dimension reduction for linearized elastoplasticity in the rate-independent case. The reference configuration of the three-dimensional elastoplastic body has a two-dimensional middle surface and a positive but small thickness. Under suitable scalings we derive a limiting model for the case in which the thickness of the plate tends to 0. This model contains membrane and plate deformations (linear Kirchhoff–Love plate), which are coupled via plastic strains. We establish strong convergence of the solutions in the natural energy space. The analysis uses an abstract Γ-convergence theory for rate-independent evolutionary systems that is based on the notion of energetic solutions. This concept is formulated via an energy-storage functional and a dissipation functional, such that energetic solutions are defined in terms of a stability condition and an energy balance. The Mosco convergence of the quadratic energy-storage functional follows the arguments of the elastic case. To handle the evolutionary situation the interplay with the dissipation functional is controlled by cancellation properties for Mosco-convergent quadratic energies.
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