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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Evolving Technology'
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Houston, Brad. "Transfer of an evolving technology." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/34715.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management; and, (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Chemical Engineering; in conjunction with the Leaders for Manufacturing Program at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1995.Includes bibliographical references.
This thesis follows the transfer of a thin film from development to manufacturing. Problems of differences in equipment and differences in manufacturing methods were overcome to complete the transfer. The film was characterized using UV-Visible, FTIR, and Raman spectroscopy. Hydrogen forward scattering, surface bead angle, and atomic force microscopy were also employed. A series of experiments was conducted to: 1) Analyze the impact of deposition parameters on the performance of the film. 2) Match the performance of films produced in the manufacturing site to the performance of films produced in the development site. Both the development and manufacturing sites were acquired by a new company during the period of this transfer. The cultures of the development and manufacturing sites had not merged before this occurred. This fact, coupled with subsequent reorganization undertaken by the new management, has the potential to slow product introductions. The transfer of this film was successful despite the organizational upheaval occurring at the same time. Three factors contributed to this success: 1) The development engineer stayed with the process throughout the transfer to manufacturing. 2) The collaboration of upstream manufacturing steps integrated the new process with the existing line. 3) Early involvement of manufacturing speeded acceptance and lessened training costs. Recommendations to better link the manufacturing and technology development groups, based on observations made during work on the film transfer, are presented for management's consideration. Key among these is the establishment of common goals and the building of a communication infrastructure between the two sites.
by Brad Houston.
S.M.
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Jorgensen, David Bruce. "Secondary English teachers' responses to evolving information technology." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape3/PQDD_0008/MQ60074.pdf.
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Haji, Awang Radzuan Mohammad Sofian. "Evolving Brunei Darussalam's economy towards technology-based industries." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2016. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/65634/.
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Technology-Based Industries continue to be at the forefront of a nation's sustainable economic development. These account for the largest share of employment, business activity and labour income in most primary sectors. Technology-Based Industries contribute to multi-lateral development of a nation's economy through innovation, new technologies and use of new knowledge. The government of Brunei Darussalam sought in the past decade to diversify the economy with limited success. Oil and gas and government spending still account for most of Brunei's economic activity. The small size of the domestic market discourages foreign direct investment in Brunei Darussalam. Brunei's government encourages foreign investment especially when it involves emerging new technologies and technology transfers. The research question is: how to transfer new technologies into Brunei Darussalam industry and to quantify the impact of these Technology-Based Industries; can a resource based-economy offer a solution to tackle the difficulties in industrial advancement that Brunei Darussalam is currently struggling with. This research aims to study factors for the successful transfer of technology-based industries and identify the key issues in technology transfers that significantly affect the rate of technological integration and evaluate the concept of technology transfers and its contribution to the sustainable economic development of a small state economy. It adopts multiple techniques both inductive and deductive approaches through SWOT-analysis and case studies to explore and later analyze the importance of the visionary drive underlying the technology-based industrial strategy that contributes to policy improvement, via awareness of alternatives and discovery of latent policy constraints and opportunities from investigation of others' experience. The bottom line of this research is to provide the basis for government policies on how the technology transfer can be achieved in the Brunei Darussalam industrial context.
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McClure, Erin Kathleen. "An evolving-requirements technology assessment process for advanced propulsion concepts." Diss., Available online, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2006, 2006. http://etd.gatech.edu/theses/available/etd-07062006-101749/.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Aerospace Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2007.Danielle Soban, Committee Member ; Dimitri Mavris, Committee Chair ; Alan Porter, Committee Member ; Gary Seng, Committee Member ; Daniel Schrage, Committee Member.
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Weiss, Katherine. "R/evolving Technology in Samuel Beckett’s Happy Days." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2007. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/2297.
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Steeves, Shayla R. "Evolving workplaces, the role of contract workers in information technology departments." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape15/PQDD_0013/MQ31869.pdf.
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Daniels, Stephanie. "Young Journalists Today: Journalism Students’ Perceptions of the Ever-evolving Industry." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2012. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc115063/.
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Today’s journalism students are learning in a time in which new technology innovations, including online news sites, blogs, and social media, have become a prominent part of the journalism industry. Whether it’s newspapers, public relations, or broadcast, technology has become a part of every area of journalism. While several studies have focused on how journalism classes should be taught in lieu of this change, how students are learning and how they feel about this changing industry has yet to be shared. This research uses both a survey of 203 current, undergraduate pre-journalism students at a large, Southwestern university, as well as focus group interviews with several subgroups of 11 of those students. The results show, not surprisingly, that journalism students are heavy users of technology and social media. They also show that a majority of journalism students prefers consuming media online. However, although students use technology and social media frequently, and also consume media online, there is evidence that suggests that they would rather learn face-to-face with an instructor than take online classes. In addition, they feel positive about their future in the changing industry.
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Helps, C. Richard G. "Evolving Information Technology: A Case Study of the Effects of Constant Change on Information Technology Instructional Design Architecture." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2010. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/2388.
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A major challenge for Information Technology (IT) programs is that the rapid pace of evolution of computing technology leads to frequent redesign of IT courses. The problem is exacerbated by several factors. Firstly, the changing technology is the subject matter of the discipline and is also frequently used to support instruction; secondly, this discipline has only been formalized as a four-year university program within recent years and there is a lack of established textbooks and curriculum models; finally, updating courses is seldom rewarded in a higher education system that favors research and teaching for promotion and tenure. Thus, continuously updating their courses place a significant burden on the faculty. A case study approach was used to describe and explain the change processes in updating IT courses. Several faculty members at two institutions were interviewed and course changes were identified and analyzed. The analysis revealed a set of recurrent themes in change processes. An instructional design architecture approach also revealed a set of design domains representing the structure of the change processes. The design domains were analyzed in terms of the design decisions they represented, and also in terms of structures, functions and activities, which are related to Structures-Behaviors-Functions (SBF) analysis. The design domains model helped to explain both negative and positive outcomes that were observed in the data. When design efforts impact multiple domains the design is likely to be more difficult. Understanding the design domain architecture will assist future designers in this discipline.
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Conklin, Christopher Ryan 1974. "Using scenarios in regional strategic transportation planning : an evolving methodology." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/80605.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering; and, (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Technology and Policy Program, 1999.Includes bibliographical references (p. 249-253).
by Christopher Ryan Conklin.
S.M.
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Wolson, Rosemary A. "The evolving policy landscape for technology transfer from public research organisations in South Africa." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/3845.
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Birger, Christopher. "Optimal Coherent Reconstruction of Unstructured Mesh Sequences with Evolving Topology." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Medie- och Informationsteknik, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-112095.
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This thesis work will investigate and implement a method for reconstructing an unstructured mesh sequence with evolving topology. The goal of the method is to increase frame-to-frame coherency of the triangulation. The motivation of the method is that many of current state-of-the-art mesh compression and decimation algorithms for mesh sequences are based on static connectivity.
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Skot, Tessa Ann. "Value chain dynamics and evolving consumer demographics in the American television industry." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/90063.
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Thesis: S.M. in Technology and Policy, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Engineering Systems Division, Technology and Policy Program, 2014.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 101-106).
The American television industry has always been one of very fast 'clockspeed,' characterized by the rapid pace of innovation and the emergence of new business models. This has never been truer than now. The entrance of low-cost, viewer-tailored, subscription-based Over the Top (OTT) video-streaming services has shaken up the complex, vertically integrated television distribution industry that has long been dominated by the traditional Multichannel Pay TV (MCPTV) providers - cable, satellite, and telco operators. As a result, industry watchers have become fond of proclaiming the end of the MCPTV industry. What viewers, in particular the youngest generations (Millennials), want in their television viewing experience has also changed in recent years. The entrance of OTT, along with industry changes - like new net neutrality rules governing ISP behavior - has coincided with a permanent change in television viewing behavior. This raises the question: "What will happen to the distribution of subscribers, and hence value, in the television market as the preferences and demographics of the consumergroup evolves?" How the dynamics between OTT and MCPTV, in light of continuous industry change and evolving preferences, will effect the distribution of subscribers in the market, and therefore the success of either the entrant or incumbent, is the focus of this thesis. This questions has been explored using a system dynamics model of the attributes that affect the relative attractiveness of either OTT or MCPTV, and hence subscriber distribution. The key lessons that emerge for firms include: the attributes that consumers value most have a significant impact on the attractiveness of the product, and should be of primary importance to firms; high consumer price sensitivity does not effect OTT and MCPTV equally; and, should net neutrality be completely done away with, MCPTV providers, in their dual roles as ISPs, have powerful strategic tools, in the form of control over internet price and speed (which directly affects OTT price and speed), at their disposal. Based on the results, and empirical observations of industry dynamics so far, co-existence, in some form, between the incumbent and entrant is the most likely outcome (in the Incumbent's Dilemma framework).
by Tessa Ann Skot.
S.M. in Technology and Policy
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Andersson, Emil. "DDoS: Ett evolverande fenomen / DDoS: An evolving phenomenon." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för teknik och samhälle (TS), 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-20596.
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Internetfenomenet ”Distributed Denial of Service”, förkortat DDoS, beskrivs ofta som ett av destörsta hoten mot Internet idag. Genom att utnyttja den grundläggande strukturen i kommunikationmellan nätverk och datorer kan kriminella blockera och stänga ute webbplatser och -tjänster frånanvändare, samtidigt som det är mycket svårt för offret och myndigheter att någonsin identifieraden eller de skyldiga. Enorma globala nätverk av ovetande människors infekterade datorer fjärrstyrstill att utföra angrepp mot alla sorters organisationer på Internet med olika motiv, som finansiella,politiska eller för ren vandalism. Syftet med det här arbetet är att göra en dagsaktuell kartläggningöver läget kring DDoS-angrepp och titta på statistik över de mest förekommande angreppstyperna,och se om den nyare publicerade forskningen kan svara på de pågående och framträdande trendersom kan ses. Sex forskningsartiklar väljs ut att jämföra med dessa trender för att se var merforskning krävs. Resultatet visar att forskningen kring försvar mot HTTP-GET-angrepp är bristande,samt att den framträdande trenden där angreppen allt oftare använder sig av olika angreppstypersamtidigt inte har undersökts. Mer öppen forskning bör riktas mot dessa bristande områden.The Internet phenomenon ”Distributed Denial of Service”, in short DDoS, is often said to be one ofthe greatest threats to the Internet today. By abusing the foundation of inter-network and computercommunication, criminals can block and shut out websites and services from users while making itvery hard for the victim and the authorities to ever identify who was behind it. Enormous globalnetworks made up of unknowing peoples' infected computers can be remotely controlled to conductattacks against all sorts of organisations on the Internet with different motives, from financial orpolitic to sheer vandalism. The purpose of this study is to create an up-to-date mapping of thesituation of DdoS-attacks and look at statistics of the most prevalent attack types, and to check ifnewly published research can answer the current and emerging trends that can be seen. Six researcharticles are chosen to compare with these trends to see where more research is required. The resultsshow that the research around defense against HTTP-GET-attacks is lacking, and that the emergenttrend of DDoS-attacks that make use of more than one attack type at the same time has not beenexamined. More open research should be directed to these lacking areas.
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Clarke, Duncan Peter. "Aso Oke : the evolving tradition of hand woven textile design among the Yoruba of south western Nigeria." Thesis, SOAS, University of London, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.286484.
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Behnke, Matthew J. "An implementation methodology and software tool for an entropy based engineering model for evolving systems." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2003. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion-image/03Jun%5FBehnke.pdf.
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Thesis (M.S. in Software Engineering)--Naval Postgraduate School, June 2003.Thesis advisor(s): Mantak Shing, Christopher D. Miles. Includes bibliographical references (p. 69-70). Also available online.
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Huffman, Ashley S. "Editor and Author Relationships in the Evolving World of Publishing." Kent State University Honors College / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ksuhonors1431033725.
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Hannon, Michael. "Examining shifts in institutional positioning in the evolving Irish higher education system." Thesis, University of Bath, 2017. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.725404.
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The thesis investigates a highly interesting, perennial issue in the contemporary development of higher education in times of massification and public sector reform: forces for organisational homogeneity and differentiation in the field, related shifts in organisational positioning of universities and of restructuration in the field. In particular, the thesis investigates higher education in Ireland between 2011 and 2016 and the impact of a national strategy for higher education launched in 2011. A specific focus of the research is on the intention to introduce a new institutional type, Technological Universities, to the field, and the early effects of this innovation upon organisational isomorphism. The emphasis upon the Institutes of Technology (IoTs) and their response to the reform imparts an element of originality to the thesis, and helps it to become a contribution to knowledge. From an organisational theory perspective, DiMaggio and Powell (1983) define organisational isomorphic change as a process of homogenisation, in which organisations operating within the same environment and under similar conditions, come to resemble one another. The study is informed by international examples of restructuring and institutional positioning. The thesis reviews a considerable amount of literature to discuss recent trends in higher education, and to analyse the literature on organisational isomorphism in general and the related literature on diversity and differentiation in higher education in particular. Further, substantial and creative efforts are made to design the empirical investigation including primary data analyses of interviews, the use of quantitative secondary data, and documentary analyses. This study is expected to be of particular interest to government, policy makers, scholars, and institutional leaders in the higher education area.
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Aluebhosele, Dandy, and George Anobah. "CHIEF INFORMATION OFFICERS EVOLVING ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES "From Operational to Strategic"." Thesis, Mälardalen University, Mälardalen University, Mälardalen University, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-5578.
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The Chief information officer (CIO) position has been seen as very important to every organization; this includes organizations that have either outsourced or Insourced their IT function. Various studies have shown that this role emerged as a critical executive position in most organization which helps to shape organizations strategy. CIO has a major responsibility of aligning IT with business strategy that leads to an organization achieving a higher competitive advantage. This work describeD the various roles of the CIO in organizations with a special focus on IT-business strategy alignment.
Based on our investigations from previous research, case studies and current interviews with CIOs, we were able to see that the CIO roles are shifting from operational to more strategic one. The CIO is seen to be the bridge between IT strategy and business strategy. As a result of this, they have close collaboration with the CEOs in order to be successful in aligning IT strategy to the business objectives. In view of this, the CIO plays the role of both the chief architect who designs future possibilities for business and the technology provocateur (Intelligent officer) that aligns IT with business.
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Michalakos, Christos Georgios. "Evolving the drum-kit : frameworks and methods for diachronic live electronic performance practice and bespoke instrument design." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/16178.
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This thesis examines performance practice with the Augmented Drum-Kit, a personal evolution of the acoustic drum-kit with the use of digital technology. The practice is investigated from three perspectives: First, through possible spatial and contextual definitions of the instrument under development, taking into consideration the inherently open-ended nature of its building blocks: percussion and the computer. Second, by exploring the composer/performer/builder’s practice paradigm in terms of musical and performative goals with such an emerging performance environment. Finally, as a diachronic practice between performer and all constituent technological parts of the composite instrument, towards the practice’s ongoing development and evolution. Using these discussions as starting points, this practice-led research proposes three intertwined novel frameworks for diachronic live electronic performance practice and bespoke instrument design. Additionally, the developed instrument itself is detailed in the form of the devised design methods, schematics, diagrams and software, addressing questions such as intuitive control, gestural uniformity, consistent electro-acoustic vocabulary, distinct instrumental character, mobility, sound diffusion and transferability. Finally, music portfolio consisting of five solo and group album recordings with the Augmented Drum-Kit is presented, while audiovisual examples from various scenarios and development stages are used to further illustrate the discussion.
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Chao, Dorrie Yi-Wen. "What contribution does the evolving academic entrepreneur/technology transfer manager relationship make to the absorptive capacity of university spin-outs?" Thesis, University of Southampton, 2016. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/394240/.
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The aim of this study is to reduce the ambiguity of the university technology transfer (UTT) process by monitoring the interactions and the antecedent factors, including prior knowledge and experience, of the key stakeholders – University Technology Transfer Managers (TTMs) and Academic Entrepreneurs (AEs) –in the creation of university spin-out. This study develops a novel conceptual framework by using absorptive capacity (AC) to understand the determinants that constitute university spin-out AC, the role of TTMs and AEs and the impact of their collaborative and synergistic relationship upon different stages of the spin-out process. Based on the exploratory nature of this research, this study adopts a multiple case study methodology and qualitative approach to investigate relationship building and collaboration between university AEs and TTMs within the process of spin-out. The investigation was made up of thirteen case studies with twenty-six interviewees (thirteen TTMs and thirteen AEs, as pairs), from eleven universities across the UK. The research findings reveal that prior knowledge (consisting of experience, background, networks, personal attributes, and motivation) is of great value to both TTMs and AEs, as it shapes and highlights the complementary function of each of their roles in the spin-out process, and contributes to spin-out AC in various ways. Prior knowledge also helps TTMs and AEs to act as the cornerstone of university spin-out combinative capabilities (that is, shared language, connectedness, close communication, tighter interaction, and trust building), which facilitate the spin-out process and assist AC development as a whole through their synergistic effect. This study adds to the UTT and AC literature by addressing antecedent factors, explorative and exploitative learning, and areas for possible improvement of AE and TTM collaboration and of the spin-out process as a whole. It aims to provide a more explicit understanding of the process of UTT and the stakeholders involved, leading to better control and development of UTT related activity, and contributes both to present and future research and to policy making.
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Orman, Keziban. "Contribution to the interpretation of evolving communities in complex networks : Application to the study of social interactions." Thesis, Lyon, INSA, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ISAL0072/document.
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Les réseaux complexes constituent un outil pratique pour modéliser les systèmes complexes réels. Pour cette raison, ils sont devenus très populaires au cours de la dernière décennie. De nombreux outils existent pour étudier les réseaux complexes. Parmi ceux-ci, la détection de la communauté est l’un des plus importants. Une communauté est grossièrement définie comme un groupe de nœuds plus densément connectés entre eux qu’avec le reste du réseau. Dans la littérature, cette définition intuitive a été formalisée de plusieurs différentes façons, ce qui a conduit à d’innombrables méthodes et variantes permettant de les détecter. Du point de vue applicatif, le sens des communautés est aussi important que leur détection. Cependant, bien que la tâche de détection de communautés en elle-même ait attiré énormément d’attention, le problème de leur interprétation n’a pas été sérieusement abordé jusqu’à présent. Dans cette thèse, nous voyons l’interprétation des communautés comme un problème indépendant du processus de leur détection, consistant à identifier les éléments leurs caractéristiques les plus typiques. Nous le décomposons en deux sous-problèmes : 1) trouver un moyen approprié pour représenter une communauté ; et 2) sélectionner de façon objective les parties les plus caractéristiques de cette représentation. Pour résoudre ces deux sous-problèmes, nous exploitons l’information encodée dans les réseaux dynamiques attribués. Nous proposons une nouvelle représentation des communautés sous la forme de séquences temporelles de descripteurs associés à chaque nœud individuellement. Ces descripteurs peuvent être des mesures topologiques et des attributs nodaux. Nous détectons ensuite les motifs séquentiels émergents dans cet ensemble de données, afin d’identifier les ceux qui sont les plus caractéristiques de la communauté. Nous effectuons une validation de notre procédé sur des réseaux attribués dynamiques générés artificiellement. A cette occasion, nous étudions son comportement relativement à des changements structurels de la structure de communautés, à des modifications des valeurs des attributs. Nous appliquons également notre procédé à deux systèmes du monde réel : un réseau de collaborations scientifiques issu de DBLP, et un réseau d’interactions sociales et musicales tiré du service LastFM. Nos résultats montrent que les communautés détectées ne sont pas complètement homogènes. Certaines communautés sont composées de petits groupes de nœuds qui ont tendance à évoluer ensemble au cours du temps, que ce soit en termes de propriétés individuelles ou collectives. Les anomalies détectées correspondent généralement à des profils typiques : nœuds mal placés par l’outil de détection de communautés, ou nœuds différant des tendances de leur communautés sur certains points, et/ou non-synchrones avec l’évolution de leur communauté, ou encore nœuds complètement différentsComplex Networks constitute a convenient tool to model real-world complex systems. For this reason, they have become very popular in the last decade. Many tools exist to study complex networks. Among them, community detection is one of the most important. A community is roughly defined as a group of nodes more connected internally than to the rest of the network. In the literature, this intuitive definition has been formalized in many ways, leading to countless different methods and variants to detect communities. In the large majority of cases, the result of these methods is set of node groups in which each node group corresponds to a community. From the applicative point of view, the meaning of these groups is as important as their detection. However, although the task of detecting communities in itself took a lot of attraction, the problem of interpreting them has not been properly tackled until now. In this thesis, we see the interpretation of communities as a problem independent from the community detection process, consisting in identifying the most characteristic features of communities. We break it down into two sub-problems: 1) finding an appropriate way to represent a community and 2) objectively selecting the most characteristic parts of this representation. To solve them, we take advantage of the information encoded in dynamic attributed networks. We propose a new representation of communities under the form of temporal sequences of topological measures and attribute values associated to individual nodes. We then look for emergent sequential patterns in this dataset, in order to identify the most characteristic community features. We perform a validation of our framework on artificially generated dynamic attributed networks. At this occasion, we study its behavior relatively to changes in the temporal evolution of the communities, and to the distribution and evolution of nodal features. We also apply our framework to real-world systems: a DBLP network of scientific collaborations, and a LastFM network of social and musical interactions. Our results show that the detected communities are not completely homogeneous, in the sense several node topic or interests can be identified for a given community. Some communities are composed of smaller groups of nodes which tend to evolve together as time goes by, be it in terms of individual (attributes, topological measures) or relational (community migration) features. The detected anomalies generally fit some generic profiles: nodes misplaced by the community detection tool, nodes relatively similar to their communities, but also significantly different on certain features and/or not synchronized with their community evolution, and finally nodes with completely different interests
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Laraman, Debra. "Re-fabricate evolving design through user interaction : exegesis submitted to Auckland University of Technology in partial fulfilment of the degree of Master of Art and Design, 2009 /." Click here to access this resource online, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10292/810.
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This research project focussed on discarded clothing and textiles, as signifiers for the lowest exchange value in the fashion system, and sought methods to add value by up-cycling1 into one of a kind fashion garments. Opportunities to add value were investigated with three main ideas emerging which include up-cycling the visual appearance of the garment or textiles through restyling, user interaction, and creating a narrative for the garment. The practice focussed on developing methods to incorporate these concepts as a way of extending the life of low value textiles into items that could be re-introduced into the fashion cycle2. Walker (2008) suggests that by conveying the story of a product to the consumer, the perception of value increased, and opportunities to explore this concept were investigated during the project. Experimentation with a variety of materials and techniques resulted in developing a method to re-fabricate3 threadbare and stained garments into a new material. User participation4 was investigated as a way to ‘add value,’ as it was hoped that by enabling the user to interact with the design they would value the item more. Exploring this concept led to the development of a range of garments and garment kits that enabled the user to learn techniques and make garments using discarded textiles and clothing. The garments and kits were developed using methods and techniques that could be easily mastered and used materials that would be readily available to the user. The development of the garment kits reframed the user as a designer/maker, which is sometimes referred to as participatory design,5 and Followed Fletcher’s (2008) directive that for practical reasons, the methods need to be low tech and inexpensive. A group of research participants trialled the garment kits, made their own garment and provided feedback, which informed the final phase of the project and the development of revised kits and garments. The project suggests potential opportunities for the fashion designer may exist by focussing on the use of existing resources and heightened user connectivity in the design of garments.
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Wysoski, Simei Gomes. "Evolving spiking neural networks for adaptive audiovisual pattern recognition a thesis submitted to Auckland University of Technology in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (PhD), 2008." Click here to access this resource online, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10292/390.
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Gabrielsson, Patrick. "Evolvering av Biologiskt Inspirerade Handelsalgoritmer." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Institutionen Handels- och IT-högskolan, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-16886.
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One group of information systems that have attracted a lot of attention during the past decade are financial information systems, especially systems pertaining to financial markets and electronic trading. Delivering accurate and timely information to traders substantially increases their chances of making better trading decisions.Since the dawn of electronic exchanges the trading community has seen a proliferation of computer-based intelligence within the field, enabled by an exponential growth of processing power and storage capacity due to advancements in computer technology. The financial benefits associated with outperforming the market and gaining leverage over the competition has fueled the research of computational intelligence in financial information systems. This has resulted in a plethora of different techniques.The most prevalent techniques used within algorithmic trading today consist of various machine learning technologies, borrowed from the field of data mining. Neural networks have shown exceptional predictive capabilities time and time again.One recent machine learning technology that has shown great potential is Hierarchical Temporal Memory (HTM). It borrows concepts from neural networks, Bayesian networks and makes use of spatiotemporal clustering techniques to handle noisy inputs and to create invariant representations of patterns discovered in its input stream. In a previous paper [1], an initial study was carried-out where the predictive performance of the HTM technology was investigated within algorithmic trading of financial markets. The study showed promising results, in which the HTM-based algorithm was profitable across bullish-, bearish and horizontal market trends, yielding comparable results to its neural network benchmark. Although, the previous work lacked any attempt to produce near optimal trading models.Evolutionary optimization methods are commonly regarded as superior to alternative methods. The simplest evolutionary optimization technique is the genetic algorithm, which is based on Charles Darwin's evolutionary theory of natural selection and survival of the fittest. The genetic algorithm combines exploration and exploitation in the search for optimal models in the solution space.This paper extends the HTM-based trading algorithm, developed in the previous work, by employing the genetic algorithm as an optimization method. Once again, neural networks are used as the benchmark technology since they are by far the most prevalent modeling technique used for predicting financial markets. Predictive models were trained, validated and tested using feature vectors consisting of technical indicators, derived from the E-mini S&P 500 index futures market.The results show that the genetic algorithm succeeded in finding predictive models with good performance and generalization ability. The HTM models outperformed the neural network models, but both technologies yielded profitable results with above average accuracy.Program: Magisterutbildning i informatik
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Ouferhat, Nesrine. "Une approche pour le routage adaptatif avec économie d’énergie et optimisation du délai dans les réseaux de capteurs sans fil." Thesis, Paris Est, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PEST0023.
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Grâce aux avancées conjointes des systèmes microélectroniques, des technologies sans fil et de la microélectronique embarquée, les réseaux de capteurs sans fil (RCsF) ont récemment pu voir le jour. Très sophistiqués et en interaction directe avec leur environnement, ces systèmes informatiques et électroniques communiquent principalement à travers des réseaux radio qui en font des objets communicants autonomes. Ils offrent l'opportunité de prendre en compte les évolutions temporelles et spatiales du monde physique environnant. Les RCsF se retrouvent donc au cœur de nombreuses applications couvrant des domaines aussi variés que la santé, la domotique, l'intelligence ambiante, les transports, la sécurité, l'agronomie et l'environnement. Ils connaissent un véritable essor et ce dans divers domaines des STIC : hardware, système d'exploitation, conception d'antenne, système d'information, protocoles réseaux, théorie des graphes, algorithmique distribuée, sécurité, etc. L’intérêt des communautés issues de la recherche et de l’industrie pour ces RCsF s’est accru par la potentielle fiabilité, précision, flexibilité, faible coût ainsi que la facilité de déploiement de ces systèmes. La spontanéité, l’adaptabilité du réseau et la dynamicité de sa topologie dans le déploiement des RCsF soulèvent néanmoins de nombreuses questions encore ouvertes. Dans le cadre de cette thèse, nous nous sommes intéressés aux aspects liés à la problématique du routage dans un RCsF, l’objectif étant de proposer des approches algorithmiques permettant de faire du routage adaptatif multi critères dans un RCsF. Nous nous sommes concentrés sur deux critères principaux : la consommation d’énergie dans les capteurs et le délai d’acheminement des informations collectées par les capteurs. Nous avons proposé ainsi un nouveau protocole de routage, appelé EDEAR (Energy and Delay Efficient Adaptive Routing), qui se base sur un mécanisme d’apprentissage continu et distribué permettant de prendre en compte la dynamicité du réseau. Celui-ci utilise deux types d’agents explorateurs chargés de la collecte de l’information pour la mise à jour des tables de routage. Afin de réduire la consommation d’énergie et la surcharge du réseau, nous proposons également un processus d’exploration des routes basé sur une diffusion optimisée des messages de contrôle. Le protocole EDEAR calcule les routes qui minimisent simultanément l’énergie consommée et le délai d’acheminement des informations de bout en bout permettant ainsi de maximiser la durée de vie du réseau. L’apprentissage se faisant de manière continue, le routage se fait donc de façon évolutive et permet ainsi une réactivité aux différents évènements qui peuvent intervenir sur le réseau. Le protocole proposé est validé et comparé aux approches traditionnelles, son efficacité au niveau du routage adaptatif est mise particulièrement en évidence aussi bien dans le cas de capteurs fixes que de capteurs mobiles. En effet, celui-ci permet une meilleure prise en compte de l'état du réseau contrairement aux approches classiquesThrough the joint advanced microelectronic systems, wireless technologies and embedded microelectronics, wireless sensor networks have recently been possible. Given the convergence of communications and the emergence of ubiquitous networks, sensor networks can be used in several applications and have a great impact on our everyday life. There is currently a real interest of research in wireless sensor networks; however, most of the existing routing protocols propose an optimization of energy consumption without taking into account other metrics of quality of service. In this thesis, we propose an adaptive routing protocol called "EDEAR" which takes into account both necessary criteria to the context of communications in sensor networks, which are energy and delay of data delivery. We are looking the routes for optimizing a nodes’ lifetime in the network, these paths are based on joint optimization of energy consumption and delay through a multi criteria cost function. The proposed algorithm is based on the use of the dynamic state-dependent policies which is implemented with a bio-inspired approach based on iterative trial/error paradigm. Our proposal is considered as a hybrid protocol: it combines on demand searching routes concept and proactive exploration concept. It uses also a multipoint relay mechanism for energy consumption in order to reduce the overhead generated by the exploration packets. Numerical results obtained with NS simulator for different static and mobility scenario show the efficiency of the adaptive approaches compared to traditional approaches and proves that such adaptive algorithms are very useful in tracking a phenomenon that evolves over time
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"Evolving with Notes : organizational change around groupware technology." Sloan School of Management, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/2577.
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"The evolving role of information technology in internal auditing." Thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10210/14641.
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M.Com. (Computer Auditing)Modern organizations are increasingly dependent on information technology (IT) for various reasons: to enhance their operational efficiency, reduce costs or even attain a competitive advantage. The role of information technology in the organization continues to evolve and this has an impact for the internal audit functions that serve these organizations. The study investigated whether the King III report, ISACA standards and IIA standards assist the internal audit function in addressing the impact of information technology on the organization and, as a result, the internal audit function itself. This was performed by way of a comprehensive literature study on the internal audit function and the selected standards and corporate governance framework, the role of information technology in both the organization and the internal audit function, as well as an empirical study detailing a comparative analysis of the King III report, ISACA standards and IIA standards, utilizing key success factors. The study identified an alignment of the key principles and elements identified in the King III report, ISACA standards and IIA standards. There was direct support for ITrelated reviews in the King III report, ISACA Standards and IIA Standards. The comparative analysis performed between the King III report and IIA standards, as well as the ISACA standards and the IIA standards resulted in the formulation of key internal audit success factors. These key success factors compared favourably to those identified in the literature review. The study indicated that the King III report, ISACA Standards and IIA Standards assisted the internal audit function by addressing IT related risks, controls and governance elements.
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"Evolving toward product and market-orientation : the early years of technology-based firms." Sloan School of Management, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/2231.
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Khoshrou, Samaneh. "Learning in evolving video streams." Tese, 2017. https://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/handle/10216/90876.
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Khoshrou, Samaneh. "Learning in evolving video streams." Doctoral thesis, 2017. https://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/handle/10216/90876.
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AbrahamBretholt and 布里托. "Evolving the Latent Variable Model for the Reduction of Undesirable Outputs as an Optimal Environmental Data Envelopment Technology Envelopment Technology." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/98612644578757826914.
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博士國立成功大學
國際經營管理研究所博士班
101
This dissertation tests several nonparametric DEA models for their ability to accurately decompose CO2 Emissions change using a Malmquist decomposition framework. The Latent Variable Model exhibited the best results against previous studies from the literature. The new Latent Variable radial input-oriented technology, introduced here as an environmental DEA, simultaneously reduces inputs and undesirable outputs by employing Input Disposability rather than using the Weak Output Disposability assumptions of previous studies. Empirical testing shows that the new Latent Variable Model is closely associated with the Slacks Based Model. Hence, a suitable proof was constructed to show that the Latent Variable radial model is, in fact, equivalent to its additive Slacks Based counterpart in terms of Pareto-Koopmans„ Efficiency. This eliminates the need for a two phase DEA method which is widely used to determine optimal efficiency. That is, the single step Latent Variable radial model independently eliminates slacks and congestion within a production oriented DEA problem and returns an optimal solution. Further to this discovery, the Latent Variable technology can be extended to simultaneously reduce both inputs or outputs depending on their „desirability‟ within a system space as a whole. Burning fossil fuels, for example, is „undesirable‟ within the context of the environment, but is conventionally considered as a „desirable‟ input. Under the General LV model, hydrocarbon use can be reduced as an undesirable input while other green inputs can be simultaneously increased as substitutes. Similarly, the Generalized Latent Variable Model (GLVM) can greatly enhance the use of DEA: It can be applied to any causal system of inputs and outputs using appropriate Weak Disposability as its key attribute, thus optimizing efficiency comparisons. The General LVM employs a partitioning scheme of seven mutually exclusive sets based on their interaction within a system space. The purpose of such partitions is to classify inputs and outputs in terms of their impact on a system: either positive, negative, neutral or ambient. Previous analysis has been limited to only a single target efficiency partition such as a set of minimized inputs or maximized outputs, and generally these exclude externalities. In the GLVM, a Latent Variable is placed on each partition to track the efficiency impact of each set upon the system as a whole. Thus the Total Factor Productivity and its interdependencies within the system space are determined by a series of seven Latent Variable efficiency ratings, not just one as in traditional DEA. Thus the GLVM implies multi-criteria benchmarking while completely characterizing the internal efficiencies of each DMU relative to its peers. Thus, the General Latent Variable Model not only offers a new level of inclusiveness for management and production studies, but it can potentially serve as a basis for quantitative efficiency analysis within any interdependent system of causally related variables in the social or environmental sciences.
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Fu, Wei-Chien, and 傅緯謙. "The Impact of Evolving Mobile Wireless Broadband Communication Technology on Taiwan's ICT Industry Development." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/99785081741250249028.
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碩士世新大學
經濟學研究所(含碩專班)
102
Since our real estate and natural resources are scarce, it is human-technology-based science for the development of the ICT industry can be described as a good choice. Industry development in Taiwan will focus on ICT industry since the beginning of the 1980s, ICT industries accounted for in the overall manufacturing GDP, while in 2006 more than 50% of Taiwan's economic development of the ICT industry has a high degree of relevance, and therefore for the development of the ICT industry, whether it is the status or future trends are worthy of our attention and concern. The purpose of this paper, the use of the calendar year ICT related industries in Taiwan output data Ministry of Economic Affairs and Statistics Department, discussed in the evolution of mobile wireless broadband communication technology, how to drive the trends from ICT-related industries, and this trend for Taiwan's relevant ICT industry is an opportunity or the threats; Meanwhile, Taiwan's ICT-related manufacturers in the vertical integration after the early era of large-scale computer systems, the level of the post-PC era and the division of labor, has accumulated a partnership of ICT-related industries entering in the current after the PC era, how to use these partnerships successful relationships to compete with China and South Korean companies and find their own niche and positioning. In addition, Taiwan's 4G LTE commenced operations in the second half of 2014, supporting the firms in our environment matures how to take advantage of this trend or a combination of ICT and innovative products and business models to create the Taiwan's ICT industry opportunity for development, and also the focus of this study.
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Lopes, Rafael Hora. "Evolving Dispatching Rules for Collaborative Environments throughGenetic Programming." Dissertação, 2020. https://hdl.handle.net/10216/132924.
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Lopes, Rafael Hora. "Evolving Dispatching Rules for Collaborative Environments throughGenetic Programming." Master's thesis, 2020. https://hdl.handle.net/10216/132924.
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Tabassum, Shazia. "Massive Scale Streaming Graphs: Evolving Network Analysis and Mining." Tese, 2020. https://hdl.handle.net/10216/127636.
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Tabassum, Shazia. "Massive Scale Streaming Graphs: Evolving Network Analysis and Mining." Doctoral thesis, 2020. https://hdl.handle.net/10216/127636.
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Shiu, Jyh Wen, and 胥智文. "The Evolving Role of the Public Research Institute in Taiwan’s Innovation System: the Case of Industrial Technology Research Institute." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/jz37t5.
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博士國立清華大學
科技管理研究所
103
This thesis investigates, the role of the Industrial Technology Research Institute (ITRI), a public research institute in the catch-up process of the latecomer country Taiwan’s innovation system from the perspectives of collaboration between industries and universities. Using the university-industry-government (U-I-G, triple helix) paradigm, this thesis explores the evolving role of ITRI in reinforcing and facilitating the transitioning of Taiwan from an imitator to an innovator over the last few decades. This thesis has three parts: the first part investigates how knowledge capital accumulated (in terms of patent activity) by ITRI helped configure Taiwan’s industrial structure over the last few decades, and compared its effects with that of Korea’s Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute (ETRI); the second part explores the evolving collaboration modes between a public research institute (PRI) and universities during the catch-up phase (the 1970s to the1990s) and post-catch-up phase (the 2000s to the 2010s); and the third part examines how Taiwan reduced failure risk and transitioned itself from an under-developed economy in the 1970s to a developed economy in the 2000s. The role of PRIs in relation to those of other drivers in the innovation system under state-led transformation is identified. In terms of industry-PRIs (I-P) relationships, ITRI has evolved from a facilitator in the catch-up phase into a mediator in the post-catch-up phase, reinforcing industrial strategies and national approaches designed to attain an endogenous structural change in Taiwan’s innovation system. This thesis also highlights macro-meso-micro views of transition and provides salient normative principles as guides for transformational policies for other developing economies.
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Rempis, Christian Wilhelm. "Evolving Complex Neuro-Controllers with Interactively Constrained Neuro-Evolution." Doctoral thesis, 2012. https://repositorium.ub.uni-osnabrueck.de/handle/urn:nbn:de:gbv:700-2012101710370.
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In the context of evolutionary robotics and neurorobotics, artificial neural networks, used as controllers for animats, are examined to identify principles of neuro-control, network organization, the interaction between body and control, and other likewise properties. Before such an examination can take place, suitable neuro-controllers have to be identified. A promising and widely used technique to search for such networks are evolutionary algorithms specifically adapted for neural networks. These allow the search for neuro-controllers with various network topologies directly on physically grounded (simulated) animats. This neuro-evolution approach works well for small neuro-controllers and has lead to interesting results. However, due to the exponentially increasing search space with respect to the number of involved neurons, this approach does not scale well with larger networks. This scaling problem makes it difficult to find non-trivial, larger networks, that show interesting properties. In the context of this thesis, networks of this class are called mid-scale networks, having between 50 and 500 neurons. Searching for networks of this class involves very large search spaces, including all possible synaptic connections between the neurons, the bias terms of the neurons and (optionally) parameters of the neuron model, such as the transfer function, activation function or parameters of learning rules. In this domain, most evolutionary algorithms are not able to find suitable, non-trivial neuro-controllers in feasible time. To cope with this problem and to shift the frontier for evolvable network topologies a bit further, a novel evolutionary method has been developed in this thesis: the Interactively Constrained Neuro-Evolution method (ICONE). A way to approach the problem of increasing search spaces is the introduction of measures that reduce and restrict the search space back to a feasible domain. With ICONE, this restriction is realized with a unified, extensible and highly adaptable concept: Instead of evolving networks freely, networks are evolved within specifically designed constraint masks, that define mandatory properties of the evolving networks. These constraint masks are defined primarily using so called functional constraints, that actively modify a neural network to enforce the adherence of all required limitations and assumptions. Consequently, independently of the mutations taking place during evolution, the constraint masks repair and readjust the networks so that constraint violations are not able to evolve. Such functional constraints can be very specific and can enforce various network properties, such as symmetries, structure reuse, connectivity patterns, connectivity density heuristics, synaptic pathways, local processing assemblies, and much more. Constraint masks therefore describe a narrow, user defined subset of the parameter space -- based on domain knowledge and user experience -- that focuses the search on a smaller search space leading to a higher success rate for the evolution. Due to the involved domain knowledge, such evolutions are strongly biased towards specific classes of networks, because only networks within the defined search space can evolve. This, surely, can also be actively used to lead the evolution towards specific solution approaches, allowing the experimenter not only to search for any upcoming solution, but also to confirm assumptions about possible solutions. This makes it easier to investigate specific neuro-control principles, because the experimenter can systematically search for networks implementing the desired principles, simply by using suitable constraints to enforce them. Constraint masks in ICONE are built up by functional constraints working on so called neuro-modules. These modules are used to structure the networks, to define the scope for constraints and to simplify the reuse of (evolved) neural structures. The concept of functional, constrained neuro-modules allows a simple and flexible way to construct constraint masks and to inherit constraints when neuro-modules are reused or shared. A final cornerstone of the ICONE method is the interactive control of the evolution process, that allows the adaptation of the evolution parameters and the constraint masks to guide evolution towards promising domains and to counteract undesired developments. Due to the constraint masks, this interactive guidance is more effective than the adaptation of the evolution parameters alone, so that the identification of promising search space regions becomes easier. This thesis describes the ICONE method in detail and shows several applications of the method and the involved features. The examples demonstrate that the method can be used effectively for problems in the domain of mid-scale networks. Hereby, as effects of the constraint masks and the herewith reduced complexity of the networks, the results are -- despite their size -- often easy to comprehend, well analyzable and easy to reuse. Another benefit of constraint masks is the ability to deliberately search for very specific network configurations, which allows the effective and systematic exploration of distinct variations for an evolution experiment, simply by changing the constraint masks over the course of multiple evolution runs. The ICONE method therefore is a promising novel evolution method to tackle the problem of evolving mid-scale networks, pushing the frontier of evolvable networks a bit further. This allows for novel evolution experiments in the domain of neurorobotics and evolutionary robotics and may possibly lead to new insights into neuro-dynamical principles of animat control.
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Chiang, Ting-An, and 姜亭安. "The Innovation and Supervision of Financial Inclusion under the Evolving Technology: A Case Study of Big Data Finance and P2P Lending." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/b46my8.
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碩士國立政治大學
科技管理與智慧財產研究所
106
The essence of financial industry is risk management. Due to the insufficient access to financial services, the immaturity of risk management ability, and the limited variation of financial products, lots of people or corporations without enough credit history information are relatively excluded from financial service, and their financial needs remain unsatisfied. Financial inclusion generated from the negative effects that financial exclusion brought to the society, which aims to emphasize the balance between risk management and profitability of financial institutes, in order to expand the coverage of financial services and increase its convenience. The development of technology cultivates an environment for financial inclusion to bloom. Big data makes the resources of credit information more abundant and enhances the precision of risk management. P2P lending lowers the transaction cost and expand the coverage of lending services. Big data finance and P2P lending embrace the spirit of decentralization of inclusive finance. However, the acquire and use of big data can lead to data security issues such as the leak of privacy and trade secret, and P2P lending could cause illegal financing, fraud and even money laundering. On top of that, the long-tail effect makes the consequences spread faster and worse when the aforementioned risks happened, which can seriously devastate the order and security of financial industry and economy. Therefore, this thesis further analyzed the supervision regulations of the UK, US, China and ROC and suggested possible directions that our supervisors can proceed. Under well-developed risk management, crime prevention and consumer protection mechanism, financial innovation should be encouraged.
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Sousa, Marcelo Ferreira de. "Interdependent Compositions Employed in Sonic Ecosystems: Integrating the Listener in the Evolving Soundscape." Master's thesis, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/10216/121894.
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A presente dissertação explora a integração de ouvintes na paisagem sonora em transformação enquanto compositores do ambiente sónico, no formato de instalações áudio.A investigação é motivada pela necessidade de promover e discutir a identidade do património aural da cidade do Porto e a sua crescente transformação.O desenho metodológico seguido é o practice-led research/research-led practice, e foca-se na compreensão e no desenvolvimento de ecossistemas sonoros e das relações interdependentes entre os agentes internos e externos do sistema.Os participantes exploram cartografias sonoras generativas, transformando iterativamente a natureza composicional das paisagens ao navegarem por motivos abrangentes ou focarem em elementos específicos da experiência.Palavras-chave: Identidade, Transformação, Ecossistema, Composição de Paisagens Sonoras, Interatividade.This dissertation explores the integration of listeners in the evolving soundscape as compositional agents of the sonic environment, presented as an audio installation.The investigation is motivated by the need to promote and discuss the sonic landscape identity of Porto and its rapid transformation. A method of practice-led research/research-led practice is followed, focusing on the development and understanding of sonic ecosystems and the interdependent relationships between its internal and external agents.Participants explore generative aural cartographies, transforming iteratively the nature of compositions by expanding into wider motifs or focusing on small and specific elements of the experience.Keywords: Identity, Transformation, Ecosystem, Soundscape Composition, Interactivity.
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Floryan, Mark. "Evolving expert knowledge bases: Applications of crowdsourcing and serious gaming to advance knowledge development for intelligent tutoring systems." 2013. https://scholarworks.umass.edu/dissertations/AAI3589022.
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This dissertation presents a novel effort to develop ITS technologies that adapt by observing student behavior. In particular, we define an evolving expert knowledge base (EEKB) that structures a domain's information as a set of nodes and the relationships that exist between those nodes. The structure of this model is not the particularly novel aspect of this work, but rather the model's evolving behavior. Past efforts have shown that this model, once created, is useful for providing students with expert feedback as they work within our ITS called Rashi. We present an algorithm that observes groups of students as they work within Rashi, and collects student contributions to form an accurate domain level EEKB. We then present experimentation that simulates more than 15,000 data points of real student interaction and analyzes the quality of the EEKB models that are produced. We discover that EEKB models can be constructed accurately, and with significant efficiency compared to human constructed models of the same form. We are able to make this judgment by comparing our automatically constructed models with similar models that were hand crafted by a small team of domain experts. We also explore several tertiary effects. We focus on the impact that gaming and game mechanics have on various aspects of this model acquisition process. We discuss explicit game mechanics that were implemented in the source ITS from which our data was collected. Students who are given our system with game mechanics contribute higher amounts of data, while also performing higher quality work. Additionally, we define a novel type of game called a knowledge-refinement game (KRG), which motivates subject matter experts (SMEs) to contribute to an already constructed EEKB, but for the purpose of refining the model in areas in which confidence is low. Experimental work with the KRG provides strong evidence that: 1) the quality of the original EEKB was indeed strong, as validated by KRG players, and 2) both the quality and breadth of knowledge within the EEKB are increased when players use the KRG.
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Bak, Katarzyna. "Factors Affecting the Implementation of Complex and Evolving Techniques: A Multiple Case Study of Intensity-modulated Radiation Therapy (IMRT) in Ontario." Thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1807/18153.
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Background: Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy (IMRT) is a method of delivering high-dose radiation to tumours while sparing surrounding healthy tissues. Despite its wide availability IMRT utilization varies across Ontario. The study’s objective was to examine key steps in the implementation process and identify factors that facilitate or impede IMRT implementation.
Research Methods: An embedded multiple case study design, utilizing document analysis and key-informant interviews, was employed. Four cancer centres were selected and key-informant interviews were conducted with radiation oncologists, physicists, radiation therapists, and administrators.
Results: Eighteen of 21 invited key-informants participated (86% participation rate) providing a range of insights on the factors influencing IMRT implementation. Overall, three cases made progress in the implementation of IMRT, while one case had limited implementation over the same time period.
Conclusion: These findings help explain the observed variation in IMRT implementation across Ontario, which is multifaceted and reflects ongoing processes of change and reinvention.
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Jaafar, Fehmi. "Analysing artefacts dependencies to evolving software systems." Thèse, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/10514.
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Les logiciels sont en constante évolution, nécessitant une maintenance et un développement continus. Ils subissent des changements tout au long de leur vie, que ce soit pendant l'ajout de nouvelles fonctionnalités ou la correction de bogues.
Lorsque les logiciels évoluent, leurs architectures ont tendance à se dégrader et deviennent moins adaptables aux nouvelles spécifications des utilisateurs. En effet, les architectures de ces logiciels deviennent plus complexes et plus difficiles à maintenir à cause des nombreuses dépendances entre les artefacts.
Par conséquent, les développeurs doivent comprendre les dépendances entre les artefacts des logiciels
pour prendre des mesures proactives qui facilitent les futurs changements et ralentissent la dégradation des architectures des logiciels.
D'une part, le maintien d'un logiciel sans la compréhension des les dépendances entre ses artefacts peut conduire à l'introduction de défauts.
D'autre part, lorsque les développeurs manquent de connaissances sur l'impact de leurs activités de maintenance, ils peuvent introduire des défauts de conception, qui ont un impact négatif sur l'évolution du logiciel. Ainsi, les développeurs ont besoin de mécanismes pour comprendre comment le changement d'un artefact impacte le reste du logiciel.
Dans cette thèse, nous proposons trois contributions principales :
La spécification de deux nouveaux patrons de changement et leurs utilisations pour fournir aux développeurs des informations utiles concernant les dépendances de co-changement.
La spécification de la relation entre les patrons d'évolutions des artefacts et les fautes.
La découverte de la relation entre les dépendances des anti-patrons et la prédisposition des différentes composantes d'un logiciel aux fautes.Program maintenance accounts for the largest part of the costs of any program. During maintenance activities, developers implement changes (sometimes simultaneously) on artefacts to fix bugs and to implement new requirements. Thus, developers need knowledge to identify hidden dependencies among programs artefacts and detect correlated artefacts. As programs evolved, their designs become more complex over time and harder to change. In the absence of the necessary knowledge on artefacts dependencies, developers could introduce design defects and faults that causes development and maintenance costs to rise. Therefore, developers must understand the dependencies among program artefacts and take proactive steps to facilitate future changes and minimize fault proneness. On the one hand, maintaining a program without understanding the different dependencies between their artefacts may lead to the introduction of faults. On the other hand, when developers lack knowledge about the impact of their maintenance activities, they may introduce design defects, which have a negative impact on program evolution. Thus, developers need mechanisms to understand how a change to an artefact will impact the rest of the programs artefacts and tools to detect design defects impact. In this thesis, we propose three principal contributions. The first contribution is two novel change patterns to model new co-change and change propagation scenarios. We introduce the Asynchrony change pattern, corresponding to macro co-changes, i.e., of files that co-change within a large time interval (change periods), and the Dephase change pattern, corresponding to dephase macro co-changes, i.e., macro co-changes that always happen with the same shifts in time. We present our approach, named Macocha, and we show that such new change patterns provide interesting information to developers. The second contribution is proposing a novel approach to analyse the evolution of different classes in object-oriented programs and to link different evolution behaviour to faults. In particular, we define an evolution model for each class to study the evolution and the co-evolution dependencies among classes and to relate such dependencies with fault-proneness. The third contribution concerns design defect dependencies impact. We propose a study to mine the link between design defect dependencies, such as co-change dependencies and static relationships, and fault proneness. We found that the negative impact of design defects propagate through their dependencies. The three contributions are evaluated on open-source programs.