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Chen, Zhengjia, and Xinjia Chen. "Exact Group Sequential Methods for Estimating a Binomial Proportion." Journal of Probability and Statistics 2013 (2013): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/603297.
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We first review existing sequential methods for estimating a binomial proportion. Afterward, we propose a new family of group sequential sampling schemes for estimating a binomial proportion with prescribed margin of error and confidence level. In particular, we establish the uniform controllability of coverage probability and the asymptotic optimality for such a family of sampling schemes. Our theoretical results establish the possibility that the parameters of this family of sampling schemes can be determined so that the prescribed level of confidence is guaranteed with little waste of samples. Analytic bounds for the cumulative distribution functions and expectations of sample numbers are derived. Moreover, we discuss the inherent connection of various sampling schemes. Numerical issues are addressed for improving the accuracy and efficiency of computation. Computational experiments are conducted for comparing sampling schemes. Illustrative examples are given for applications in clinical trials.
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TISSIER, M., B. DELAMOTTE, and D. MOUHANNA. "AN EXACT RENORMALIZATION GROUP APPROACH TO FRUSTRATED MAGNETS." International Journal of Modern Physics A 16, no. 11 (April 30, 2001): 2131–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x01004827.
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Frustrated magnets are a notorious example where usual perturbative methods fail. Having recourse to an exact renormalization group approach, one gets a coherent picture of the physics of Heisenberg frustrated magnets everywhere between d=2 and d=4: all known perturbative results are recovered in a single framework, their apparent conflict is explained while the description of the phase transition in d=3 is found to be in good agreement with the experimental context.
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Iwasa, M. "Reduction of Dynamics with Lie Group Analysis." Advances in Mathematical Physics 2012 (2012): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/505281.
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This paper is mainly a review concerning singular perturbation methods by means of Lie group analysis which has been presented by the author. We make use of a particular type of approximate Lie symmetries in those methods in order to construct reduced systems which describe the long-time behavior of the original dynamical system. Those methods can be used in analyzing not only ordinary differential equations but also difference equations. Although this method has been mainly used in order to derive asymptotic behavior, when we can find exact Lie symmetries, we succeed in construction of exact solutions.
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ROSNER, GARY L., and ANASTASIOS A. TSIATIS. "Exact confidence intervals following a group sequential trial: A comparison of methods." Biometrika 75, no. 4 (1988): 723–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/biomet/75.4.723.
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Kopietz, Peter, Lorenz Bartosch, Lucio Costa, Aldo Isidori, and Alvaro Ferraz. "Ward identities for the Anderson impurity model: derivation via functional methods and the exact renormalization group." Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical 43, no. 38 (August 27, 2010): 385004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1751-8113/43/38/385004.
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Duncan, A. J., Graham J. Ellis, and N. D. Gilbert. "A Mayer-Vietoris sequence in group homology and the decomposition of relation modules." Glasgow Mathematical Journal 37, no. 2 (May 1995): 159–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0017089500031062.
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W. A. Bogley and M. A. Gutierrez [2] have recently obtained an eight-term exact homology sequence that relates the integral homology of a quotient group Г/MN, where M and N are normal subgroups of the group Г, to the integral homology of the free product Г/M * Г/N in dimensions ≤3 by means of connecting terms constructed from commutator subgroups of Г, M, N and M ∩ N. In this paper we use the methods of [4] to recover this exact sequence under weaker hypotheses and for coefficients in /q for any non-negative integer q. Further, for q = 0 we extend the sequence by three terms in order to capture the relation between the fourth homology groups.
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Carvalho, P. R. S., and M. I. Sena-Junior. "Exact Lorentz-violating q-deformed O(N) universality class." International Journal of Modern Physics D 28, no. 03 (February 2019): 1950050. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218271819500500.
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We examine the influence of exact Lorentz-violating symmetry mechanism on the radiative quantum corrections to the critical exponents for massless [Formula: see text]-deformed O([Formula: see text]) [Formula: see text] scalar field theories. For that, we employ three different and independent field-theoretic renormalization group methods for computing analytically the [Formula: see text]-deformed critical exponents up to next-to-leading order. Then, we generalize the former finite loop level results for any loop order. We show that the Lorentz-violating [Formula: see text]-deformed critical exponents, obtained through the three methods, turn out to be identical and furthermore the same as their Lorentz-invariant [Formula: see text]-deformed ones. We argue that this result is in accordance with the universality hypothesis.
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Zhang, Bo, and Hengchun Hu. "Similarity Reduction and Exact Solutions of a Boussinesq-like Equation." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A 73, no. 4 (March 28, 2018): 357–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zna-2017-0442.
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AbstractThe similarity reduction and similarity solutions of a Boussinesq-like equation are obtained by means of Clarkson and Kruskal (CK) direct method. By using Lie symmetry method, we also obtain the similarity reduction and group invariant solutions of the model. Further, we compare the results obtained by the CK direct method and Lie symmetry method, and we demonstrate the connection of the two methods.
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Belinchón, José Antonio, and Pedro Dávila. "Exact solutions for a scalar-tensor theory through symmetries." International Journal of Geometric Methods in Modern Physics 14, no. 07 (March 16, 2017): 1750104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219887817501043.
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In this paper, we study how to determine the unknown functions for the scalar tensor model [Formula: see text] where the Ricci scalar is allowed to appear in a nonlinear way. The methods followed to determine these functions are: the matter collineation approach, the Lie group method and the Lagrangian collineation approach. We find several exact analytical solutions for a cosmological model with a FRW metric. We determine that some of the results are also valid for some anisotropic metric (e.g. the self-similar ones).
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Jamil, Bismah, Tooba Feroze, and Muhammad Safdar. "Optimal systems and their group-invariant solutions to geodesic equations." International Journal of Geometric Methods in Modern Physics 16, no. 09 (September 2019): 1950135. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219887819501354.
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We find one-dimensional optimal systems of the Lie subalgebras of Noether symmetries associated with systems of geodesic equations. Further, we find invariants corresponding to each element of the derived optimal system. The derived invariants are shown to reduce systems of geodesic equations (nonlinear systems of quadratically semi-linear second-order ordinary differential equations (ODEs)) to nonlinear systems of first-order ODEs. The resulting systems are solved via known methods (e.g. separation of variables, integrating factor, etc.). In some cases, we provide exact solutions of these systems of geodesic equations.
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SANDE, GORDON. "EXACT AND APPROXIMATE METHODS FOR DATA DIRECTED MICROAGGREGATION IN ONE OR MORE DIMENSIONS." International Journal of Uncertainty, Fuzziness and Knowledge-Based Systems 10, no. 05 (October 2002): 459–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218488502001582.
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Microaggregation is a technique for the protection of the confidentiality of respondents in microdata releases. It is used for economic data where respondent identifiability is high. Microaggregation releases the averages of small groups in which no single respondent is dominant. It was developed for univariate data. The data was sorted and the averages of adjacent fixed size groups were reported. The groups can be allowed to have varying sizes so that no group will include a large gap in the sorted data. The groups become more homogeneous when their boundaries are sensitive to the distribution of the data. This is like clustering but with the number of clusters chosen to be as large as possible subject to homogeneous clusters and a minimum cluster size. Approximate methods based on comparisons are developed. Exact methods based on linear optimization are also developed. For bivariate, or higher dimensional, data the notion of adjacency is defined even though sorting is no longer well defined. The constraints for minimum cluster size are also more elaborate and not so easily solved. We may also use only a triangulation to limit the number of adjacencies to be considered in the algorithms. Hybrids of the approximate and exact methods combine the strengths of each strategy.
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Kinsley, Kirsten, Leslie Brooke Hill, and Daniel Maier-Katkin. "A research and class model for future library instruction in higher education." New Library World 115, no. 9/10 (October 7, 2014): 482–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/nlw-05-2014-0057.
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Purpose – The purpose of this article was to describe a university library instruction and research model that represents a collaborative effort between faculty, libraries, and the campus reading writing center. It uses rigorous research methods to measure whether the classroom intervention impacts student perceptions and success outcomes. Design/methodology/approach – Longitudinal, mixed-methods approach that attempts to measure the outcome of an experimental class that uses precision (exact) matching to control for extraneous variables that impact student success and a survey to measure student perceptions. Findings – Librarians can benefit by collaborating with faculty to learn more rigorous research methods. Precision (exact) matching a control group with an experimental group is time-intensive, but easily replicated. Preliminary results are very promising for both the precision matching and the survey data. It appears that students are able to learn critical thinking, research and writing skills from the collaboration between discipline-specific faculty, librarians and reading writing center tutors. Research limitations/implications – Precision (exact) matching a control group with an experimental group is time-intensive. Thus, the results need to be viewed cautiously due to the small sample size. Practical implications – Combining efforts to conduct collaborative research and instruction between libraries and faculty can provide resources for applications of the model with other disciplines. Originality/value – The library-intensive freshman writing seminar is a unique approach to student learning and an easy way for the library to be actively integrated in other disciplines. The precision matching technique is a methodologically rigorous research design that easy to replicate in other locations and with other disciplines.
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Benoist, Franck, Elisabeth Bouscaren, and Anand Pillay. "SEMIABELIAN VARIETIES OVER SEPARABLY CLOSED FIELDS, MAXIMAL DIVISIBLE SUBGROUPS, AND EXACT SEQUENCES." Journal of the Institute of Mathematics of Jussieu 15, no. 1 (July 17, 2014): 29–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s147474801400022x.
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Given a separably closed field $K$ of characteristic $p>0$ and finite degree of imperfection, we study the $\sharp$ functor which takes a semiabelian variety $G$ over $K$ to the maximal divisible subgroup of $G(K)$. Our main result is an example where $G^{\sharp }$, as a ‘type-definable group’ in $K$, does not have ‘relative Morley rank’, yielding a counterexample to a claim in Hrushovski [J. Amer. Math. Soc. 9 (1996), 667–690]. Our methods involve studying the question of the preservation of exact sequences by the $\sharp$ functor, and relating this to issues of descent as well as model-theoretic properties of $G^{\sharp }$. We mention some characteristic 0 analogues of these ‘exactness-descent’ results, where differential algebraic methods are more prominent. We also develop the notion of an iterative D-structure on a group scheme over an iterative Hasse field, which is interesting in its own right, as well as providing a uniform treatment of the characteristic 0 and characteristic $p$ cases of ‘exactness descent’.
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Lima, Márcia Maria Ferreira, Rodrigo Bazan, Luis Cuadrado Martin, Antônio Sérgio Martins, Gustavo José Luvizutto, Luiz Eduardo Gomes Garcia Betting, and Marco Antônio Zanini. "Critical analysis of diagnostic criteria (ICHD-3 beta) about migraine in childhood and adolescence." Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria 73, no. 12 (October 13, 2015): 1005–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0004-282x20150162.
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Objective The objective of this study was to prospectively evaluate the International Classification of Headache Disorders I (ICHD-I) diagnostic criteria for migraine in children and adolescents. Methods 150 pain diaries were analyzed during an initial consultation. The duration of migraine headache attacks were divided into 2 groups: Group I, for attacks lasting > 2 hours, and Group II, for attacks lasting < 2 hours.The two groups were statistically compared using Fisher’s exact test (p < 0.05). Results In this study, 51(34%) subjects were male and 99 (66%) were female, aged 7–15 years. Fisher’s exact test demonstrated that the ICHD-3 beta had a 58% sensitivity for Group I diagnoses and a 94% sensitivity for Group II diagnoses (p < 0.001). Conclusion The current ICHD-3 beta classification improves and advances migraine diagnosis in children and adolescents; however, more research is needed to identify additional characteristics of headache in this age group.
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LAJKÓ, PÉTER. "RENORMALIZATION-GROUP INVESTIGATION OF THE S = 1 RANDOM ANTIFERROMAGNETIC HEISENBERG CHAIN." International Journal of Modern Physics C 17, no. 12 (December 2006): 1739–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129183106010169.
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We introduce variants of the Ma-Dasgupta renormalization-group (RG) approach for random quantum spin chains, in which the energy-scale is reduced by decimation built on either perturbative or non-perturbative principles. In one non-perturbative version of the method, we require the exact invariance of the lowest gaps, while in a second class of perturbative Ma-Dasgupta techniques, different decimation rules are utilized. For the S = 1 random antiferromagnetic Heisenberg chain, both type of methods provide the same type of disorder dependent phase diagram, which is in agreement with density-matrix renormalization-group calculations and previous studies.
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Zhou, Yue, Qiang Wang, and Hai Yang Hu. "Full-Spectrum k-Distribution Model for Radiation in Gas Based on Multi-Group Methods." Advanced Materials Research 1008-1009 (August 2014): 839–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1008-1009.839.
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The k-distribution method applied in narrow band and wide band is extended to the full spectrum based on spectroscopic datebase HITEMP, educing the full-spectrum k-distribution model. Absorption coefficents in this model are reordered into a smooth,monotonically increasing function such that the intensity calculations are performed only once for each absorption coefficent value and the resulting computations are immensely more efficent.Accuracy of this model is examined for cases ranging from homogeneous one-dimensional carbon dioxide to inhomogeneous ones with simultaneous variations in temperature. Comparision with line-by-line calculations (LBL) and narrow-band k-distribution (NBK) method as well as wide-band k-distribution (WBK) method shows that the full-spectrum k-distribution model is exact for homogeneous media, although the errors are greater than the other two models. After dividing the absorption coefficients into several groups according to their temperature dependence, the full-spectrum k-distribution model achieves line-by-line accuracy for gases inhomogeneous in temperature, accompanied by lower computational expense as compared to NBK model or WBK model. It is worth noting that a new grouping scheme is provided in this paper.
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Feng, Wei. "Exact Solutions and Conservation Laws of Time-Fractional Levi Equation." Symmetry 12, no. 7 (June 30, 2020): 1074. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym12071074.
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Exact solutions were derived for a time-fractional Levi equation with Riemann–Liouville fractional derivative. The methods involve, first, the reduction of the time-fractional Levi equation to fractional ordinary differential equations with Erdélyi-Kober fractional differential operator with respect to point symmetry groups, and second, use of the invariant subspace to reduce the time-fractional Levi equation into a system of fractional ordinary differential equations, which were solved by the symmetry group method. The obtained explicit solutions have interesting analytic behaviors connected with blow-up and dispersion. The conservation laws generated by the point symmetries of the time-fractional Levi equation are shown via nonlinear self-adjointness method.
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Srinivasan, Anitha, Judith Zwillenberg, Anisha Chadda, Hannah Gissel, Michael Lettera, Sarah Bender, Marc K. Wallack, and Ilana Greene Margulies. "Monitoring and developing volunteer patient navigation intervention to improve mammography compliance in a safety net hospital." Journal of Clinical Oncology 35, no. 8_suppl (March 10, 2017): 62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2017.35.8_suppl.62.
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62 Background: Mammography screening is crucial for cancer detection. Screening rates have been declining in patients of low socioeconomic status and minorities, supporting the need for intervention at our safety-net hospital. Methods: Patients with a primary care provider order for screening mammograms over a one month period were monitored for 90 day compliance. This analysis determined compliance rate and optimal intervention period. A prospective randomized trial was done to improve compliance using a volunteer patient navigator. All patients received educational material and were randomly assigned to the control or intervention group. The latter were further educated on breast cancer and mammograms and, if amenable, were escorted to a walk-in mammogram. The study period was 3 weeks with 49 participants-24 patients in the control and 25 patients in the intervention group. The principal outcome was the 14 day mammography compliance rate. Secondary analysis examined efficacy of the study with respect to patient demographics, prior mammography compliance, family history of cancer, beliefs on mammography and past medical history and analyzed using GraphPad Prism 7. Results: Analysis revealed a noncompliance rate of 52% with majority compliance occurring within two weeks of order placement. The patient navigation intervention significantly improved compliance by 34% (42% in the control group, 76% in the intervention group, p < 0.05 Fisher exact test). Intervention significantly improved compliance in patients with low susceptibility to cancer belief, who understood benefits of mammography and early diagnosis (p < 0.05 Fisher exact test), had a prior mammogram (p < 0.05 Fisher exact test), a family history of cancer (p < 0.01 Fisher exact test), hyperlipidemia (p < 0.05 Fisher exact test), and those employed (p < 0.05 Fisher exact test). Conclusions: A system to monitor compliance and intervene using patient navigation significantly improved mammography compliance of patients in a safety net urban hospital. The relatively straightforward design of the volunteer based intervention makes it affordable, easily replicable and perhaps beneficial at other institutions.
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Brillantino, Antonio, Francesca Iacobellis, Giuseppe Izzo, Natale Di Martino, Roberto Grassi, and Adolfo Renzi. "Maintenance Therapy with Partially Hydrolyzed Guar Gum in the Conservative Treatment of Chronic Anal Fissure: Results of a Prospective, Randomized Study." BioMed Research International 2014 (2014): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/964942.
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Purpose. This study was designed to evaluate the role of maintenance therapy with partially hydrolyzed guar gum (PHGG) after topical application of glyceryl trinitrate (GTN) in the conservative treatment of chronic anal fissure (CAF).Methods. From all the patients with CAF observed during the study period, 165 subjects with healed CAF after standard therapy with topical GTN 0.4% ointment were randomized to receive (group II) or not (group I) maintenance therapy with PHGG for 10 months. Clinical and manometric followup was carried out 6 and 12 months after treatment.Results. At six-month followup, median visual analogue scale score was significantly higher in group I if compared with group II. The success and recurrence rate at 12-month followup were, respectively, 38.3% (28/73) in group I versus 58.5% (41/70) in group II (P=0.019; Fisher’s exact test) and 30.2% (13/43) in group I versus 14.5% (7/48) in group II (P=0.0047; Fisher’s exact test).Conclusion. The maintenance therapy with PHGG in patients with healed CAF after chemical sphincterotomy by topical application of GTN 0.4% ointment seems associated with a significant reduction of recurrence rate and with a significant increase of success rate at 12-month followup.
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Han-Lin, Chen, and Xian Da-Quan. "Symmetry Reduced and New Exact Nontraveling Wave Solutions of (2+1)-Dimensional Potential Boiti-Leon-Manna-Pempinelli Equation." Abstract and Applied Analysis 2013 (2013): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/784134.
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With the aid of Maple symbolic computation and Lie group method, (2+1)-dimensional PBLMP equation is reduced to some (1+1)-dimensional PDE with constant coefficients. Using the homoclinic test technique and auxiliary equation methods, we obtain new exact nontraveling solution with arbitrary functions for the PBLMP equation.
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Russo, Adriano, Andrea Grasso, Annalisa Arrighi, Angela Pistorio, and Luigi Molfetta. "Accuracy of Coracoid Bone Graft Placement: Open versus Arthroscopic Latarjet." Joints 05, no. 02 (June 2017): 085–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1603934.
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Purpose The aim of this study was to compare the accuracy of the coracoid bone graft placement with the open Latarjet-Patte and arthroscopic Latarjet (arthro-Latarjet) procedures in the treatment of anterior instability of the shoulder. Methods Forty-six patients affected by anterior shoulder instability were divided into two groups. In group A (n = 25), patients were operated by arthroscopic Latarjet (arthro-Latarjet) procedure and in group B (n = 21), patients were operated by open Latarjet-Patte procedure. Instrumental investigation was based on three-dimensional computed tomography (3D-CT) at a minimum 1-year follow-up. Graft placement and integration, divergence and posterior protrusion of the screws, and glenohumeral osteoarthritis were considered as outcomes. Statistical analysis was performed with chi-square or Fisher's exact test. Significance was set at p < 0.05. Results Positioning of the coracoid graft proved to be optimal in 76% (19/25) of patients of group A and in 100% (21/21) of patients of group B (Fisher's exact test, p = 0.025). Screw placement with respect to the glenoid surface showed a posterior divergence in 44% (11/25) of patients in group A and in 24% (5/21) of patients in group B (p = 0.15). Posterior protrusion of screw was observed in 76% (19/25) of patients in group A and 71.4% (15/21) of patients in group B (p = 0.73). Graft integration was present in 76% (19/25) of patients in group A and 85.7% (18/21) of patients in group B (Fisher's exact test, p = 0.48). Mild signs of glenohumeral osteoarthritis were observed in 12% (3/25) of patients in group A and 28.6% (6/21) of patients in group B (Fisher's exact test, p = 0.26). Conclusion Patients operated with open Latarjet-Patte procedure showed better results than those of the arthro-Latarjet group in reference to the positioning of the graft on the coronal plane (p = 0.025). No significant differences between the groups were observed for graft integration, divergence of the screws, posterior protrusion of the screws, and osteoarthritis. Level of Evidence Level II, nonrandomized prospective comparative study.
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Leonardi, Rosalia, Ersilia Barbato, Maurizio Vichi, and Mario Caltabiano. "Skeletal Anomalies and Normal Variants in Patients with Palatally Displaced Canines." Angle Orthodontist 79, no. 4 (July 1, 2009): 727–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2319/082408-448.1.
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Abstract Objective: To test the null hypothesis that there is no increased prevalence of skeletal anomalies and/or normal variants as evidenced by the cephalometric radiographs of patients with palatally displaced canines (PDC). Materials and Methods: The treatment records of 38 white subjects between 14 and 20 years old with PDC were collected and evaluated retrospectively. Inclusion criteria for the study required that the case records include good-quality panoramic radiographs and lateral cephalometric radiographs with the first four cervical vertebrae clearly visible. The anomalies recorded for each case included sella bridge, atlanto-occipital ligament calcification or ponticulus posticus, and posterior arch atlas deficiency. A control group consisted of 70 consecutively treated subjects who had no other dental anomalies and whose maxillary canines had erupted normally. Fisher's exact test and Pearson's chi-square test were used to determine possible statistically significant differences in the incidence of skeletal anomalies and/or normal variants between the group of patients with PDC and the control group. Results: The prevalence of skull anomalies and normal variants seen in cephalometric radiographs was increased in patients with PDC. Because of the presence of ponticulus posticus (Pearson's chi-square, P < .050; Fisher's exact test, P < .052), sella bridge (Pearson's chi-square, P < .042; Fisher's exact test, P < .042), and posterior arch deficiency (Pearson's chi-square, P < .047; Fisher's exact test, P < .039), statistically significant differences were observed between subjects with PDC and the control group. Conclusions: The null hypothesis was rejected. There is an increased prevalence of skull skeletal anomalies and/or normal variants in patients with PDC.
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Ivanov, P. A., E. U. Shibaev, A. V. Nevedrov, A. P. Vlasov, and M. P. Lasarev. "Emergency Soft Tissue Reconstruction Algorithm in Patients With Open Tibia Fractures." Open Orthopaedics Journal 10, no. 1 (July 29, 2016): 364–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874325001610010364.
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Introduction: Tactic of emergency closing of soft tissue defect allows to significantly improve the treatment results concerning patients with severe open fractures. However, a number of certain factors make the implementation of this tactic rather difficult. Injured people’s unstable conditions are mong these crucial factors which include, polytrauma in lots of cases, absence of exact recommendations for recovery terms, choice of definite tissue flaps and a type of circulation. The Aim of Study: is to develop exact, usable and in practice algorithm of emergency reconstruction of leg soft tissues in patients with severe open tibia fractures, based on the usage of the most foolproof and simple methods. Data (Patients) and Methods: 85 patients with open tibia fractures complicated by soft tissue defects were included in our study. Patients were divided into two groups. The control group consisted of 56 patients. Soft tissue reconstruction in this group was provided without an exact algorithm, after continuous attempts on local healing. After analyzing the treatment process and the treatment results we have developed the algorithm of emergency soft tissue reconstruction. It was used in 29 patients (the study group). This algorithm allows choosing optimal timing for tissue reconstruction and appropriate method to be applied, depending on the patient’s condition, the mechanism of soft tissue defect formation, and its square and localization. Results: We observed a statistical decrease in deep wound infection frequency, partial tibia necrosis frequency, chronic osteomyelitis frequency, duration of hospitalization in patients with severe open tibia fractures because of using our algorithm.
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Bretz, F., V. Guiard, L. A. Hothorn, and G. Dilba. "Simultaneous Confidence Intervals for Ratios with Applications to the Comparison of Several Treatments with a Control." Methods of Information in Medicine 43, no. 05 (2004): 465–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1633899.
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Summary Objectives: In this article, we illustrate and compare exact simultaneous confidence sets with various approximate simultaneous confidence intervals for multiple ratios as applied to many-to-one comparisons. Quite different datasets are analyzed to clarify the points. Methods: The methods are based on existing probability inequalities (e.g., Bonferroni, Slepian and Šidàk), estimation of nuisance parameters and re-sampling techniques. Exact simultaneous confidence sets based on the multivariate t-distribution are constructed and compared with approximate simultaneous confidence intervals. Results: It is found that the coverage probabilities associated with the various methods of constructing simultaneous confidence intervals (for ratios) in many-to-one comparisons depend on the ratios of the coefficient of variation for the mean of the control group to the coefficient of variation for the mean of the treatments. If the ratios of the coefficients of variations are less than one, the Bonferroni corrected Fieller confidence intervals have almost the same coverage probability as the exact simultaneous confidence sets. Otherwise, the use of Bonferroni intervals leads to conservative results. Conclusions: When the ratio of the coefficient of variation for the mean of the control group to the coefficient of variation for the mean of the treatments are greater than one (e.g., in balanced designs with increasing effects), the Bonferroni simultaneous confidence intervals are too conservative. Therefore, we recommend not using Bonferroni for this kind of data. On the other hand, the plug-in method maintains the intended confidence coefficient quite satisfactorily; therefore, it can serve as the best alternative in any case.
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ARFAEI, H., and S. PARVIZI. "WZNW MODELS FROM NONSTANDARD BILINEAR FORMS." Modern Physics Letters A 11, no. 16 (May 30, 1996): 1289–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217732396001302.
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We study the WZNW models based on nonstandard bilinear forms. We approach the problem from algebraic, perturbative and functional exact methods. It is shown that even in the case of integer k we can find irrational CFTs. We prove that when the base group is noncompact with non-Abelian maximal compact subgroup, the affine algebra representations are nonunitary.
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Tsuchiya, Yugo, Uyen Pham, and Ivan Gout. "Methods for measuring CoA and CoA derivatives in biological samples." Biochemical Society Transactions 42, no. 4 (August 1, 2014): 1107–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bst20140123.
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CoA (coenzyme A) is a ubiquitous and essential cofactor that acts as an acyl group carrier in biochemical reactions. Apart from participating in numerous metabolic pathways as substrates and intermediates, CoA and a number of its thioester derivatives, such as acetyl-CoA, can also directly regulate the activity of proteins by allosteric mechanisms and by affecting protein acetylation reactions. Cellular levels of CoA and CoA thioesters change under various physiological and pathological conditions. Defective CoA biosynthesis is implicated in NBIA (neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation). However, the exact role of CoA in the pathogenesis of NBIA is not well understood. Accurate and reliable assays for measuring CoA species in biological samples are essential for studying the roles of CoA and CoA derivatives in health and disease. The present mini-review discusses methods that are commonly used to measure CoA species in biological samples.
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CROES, K., and J. O. INDEKEU. "MEAN-FIELD RENORMALIZATION GROUP: BIBLIOGRAPHY AND NEW APPLICATIONS USING LARGE CLUSTERS." Modern Physics Letters B 07, no. 10 (April 30, 1993): 699–709. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217984993000679.
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Renormalization group recursions based on mean-field approximations [J. O. Indekeu, A. Maritan, and A. L. Stella, J. Phys.A15, L291 (1982)], commonly referred to as mean-field renormalization group methods (MFRG), have proven to be efficient and easily applicable for computing non-classical critical properties of lattice models. We give a fairly complete bibliography of applications to date, and extend previous test calculations of bulk, surface, and corner critical exponents in the two-dimensional Ising model to larger cluster sizes on triangular, square (including crossing bonds), and honeycomb lattices. Without much effort the exact value of the critical exponent ratioyH/yT is reproduced systematically with a precision of 2%. This ratio turns out to be the most accurate probe of non-classical critical behaviour that is available in the MFRG method.
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Che, Jingang, Lei Chen, Zi-Han Guo, Shuaiqun Wang, and Aorigele. "Drug Target Group Prediction with Multiple Drug Networks." Combinatorial Chemistry & High Throughput Screening 23, no. 4 (May 19, 2020): 274–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1386207322666190702103927.
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Background: Identification of drug-target interaction is essential in drug discovery. It is beneficial to predict unexpected therapeutic or adverse side effects of drugs. To date, several computational methods have been proposed to predict drug-target interactions because they are prompt and low-cost compared with traditional wet experiments. Methods: In this study, we investigated this problem in a different way. According to KEGG, drugs were classified into several groups based on their target proteins. A multi-label classification model was presented to assign drugs into correct target groups. To make full use of the known drug properties, five networks were constructed, each of which represented drug associations in one property. A powerful network embedding method, Mashup, was adopted to extract drug features from above-mentioned networks, based on which several machine learning algorithms, including RAndom k-labELsets (RAKEL) algorithm, Label Powerset (LP) algorithm and Support Vector Machine (SVM), were used to build the classification model. Results and Conclusion: Tenfold cross-validation yielded the accuracy of 0.839, exact match of 0.816 and hamming loss of 0.037, indicating good performance of the model. The contribution of each network was also analyzed. Furthermore, the network model with multiple networks was found to be superior to the one with a single network and classic model, indicating the superiority of the proposed model.
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Pei, Fujun, Yang Su, Desen Zhu, and Shunan Yin. "A Novel Coarse Alignment Method for SINS Using Special Orthogonal Group Optimal Estimation." Sensors 20, no. 20 (October 9, 2020): 5740. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20205740.
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Aimed at the alignment problem of strapdown inertial navigation system (SINS) on the swing base, a novel coarse alignment method using special orthogonal group optimal estimation is proposed. There are two main contributions in this paper. First, based on the Lie group differential equation, the rotation matrix is updated directly by using error Lie algebra, which avoids the non-convexity of traditional methods and the need for non-collinear vector observation. Second is that a novel optimal estimation method is developed by using the exact error Lie algebra, which is calculated based on the physical definition of Lie algebra, as the innovation term to compensate the initial special orthogonal group in the estimation process. The asymptotic convergence of the proposed optimal estimation method is proved by Lyapunov's second law. The simulation and experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method exhibits better performance than existing methods in alignment accuracy and time, which can achieve the self-alignment of SINS on the swing base.
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SATHIAPALAN, B. "A COMPARISON OF THE PROPER-TIME EQUATION AND THE RENORMALIZATION GROUP β-FUNCTION IN STRING THEORY." Modern Physics Letters A 10, no. 21 (July 10, 1995): 1565–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021773239500168x.
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It is known that there is a proportionality factor relating the β-function and the equations of motion viz. the Zamolodchikov metric. Usually this factor has to be obtained by other methods. The proper-time equation, on the other hand, is the full equation of motion. We explain the reasons for this and illustrate it by calculating corrections to Maxwell’s equation. The corrections are calculated to cubic order in the field strength, but are exact to all orders in derivatives. We also test the gauge covariance of the proper-time method by calculating higher (covariant) derivative corrections to the Yang-Mills equation.
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Rowold, Jens, and Paul D. Hewson. "Biofield Frequency Bands—Definitions and Group Differences." Global Advances in Health and Medicine 9 (January 2020): 216495612098256. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2164956120982568.
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Background In the biofield literature, it is suggested that electromagnetic energy is part of the biofield. However, little is known about the exact definition of potential electromagnetic biofield frequency bands (FBs). Primary Study Objective: The current study sought to identify biofield FBs and test potential group differences. Methods/Design: High-frequency (i.e. >200 Hertz) voltage was measured at body parts along the spine and the brain. Setting Measurements were conducted in an electrically shielded laboratory. Participants Twenty experienced biofield practitioners (BPs, sample 1) and twenty-four students (STs, sample 2) participated in the study. Interventions The BPs performed a wide set of biofield exercises, while the STs participated in an assessment centre (with exercises such as role play). A total of N = 342 exercises were performed. Primary Outcome Measures: Based on surface electromyography, high-frequency (i.e., >200 Hertz) voltage was utilized as outcome measure. Results 10 FBs were identified across all the data sets. The BPs had higher spectral power across these bands compared to the STs. Conclusion The present paper presents a replicable method for the assessment of electromagnetic FBs which are potentially useful for future biofield research.
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Duits, Remco, Erik J. Bekkers, and Alexey Mashtakov. "Fourier Transform on the Homogeneous Space of 3D Positions and Orientations for Exact Solutions to Linear PDEs." Entropy 21, no. 1 (January 8, 2019): 38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e21010038.
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Fokker–Planck PDEs (including diffusions) for stable Lévy processes (including Wiener processes) on the joint space of positions and orientations play a major role in mechanics, robotics, image analysis, directional statistics and probability theory. Exact analytic designs and solutions are known in the 2D case, where they have been obtained using Fourier transform on S E ( 2 ) . Here, we extend these approaches to 3D using Fourier transform on the Lie group S E ( 3 ) of rigid body motions. More precisely, we define the homogeneous space of 3D positions and orientations R 3 ⋊ S 2 : = S E ( 3 ) / ( { 0 } × S O ( 2 ) ) as the quotient in S E ( 3 ) . In our construction, two group elements are equivalent if they are equal up to a rotation around the reference axis. On this quotient, we design a specific Fourier transform. We apply this Fourier transform to derive new exact solutions to Fokker–Planck PDEs of α -stable Lévy processes on R 3 ⋊ S 2 . This reduces classical analysis computations and provides an explicit algebraic spectral decomposition of the solutions. We compare the exact probability kernel for α = 1 (the diffusion kernel) to the kernel for α = 1 2 (the Poisson kernel). We set up stochastic differential equations (SDEs) for the Lévy processes on the quotient and derive corresponding Monte-Carlo methods. We verified that the exact probability kernels arise as the limit of the Monte-Carlo approximations.
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Perkins, Jonathan A., William Duke, Eunice Chen, and Scott Manning. "Emerging Concepts in Airway Infantile Hemangioma Assessment and Management." Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery 141, no. 2 (August 2009): 207–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.otohns.2009.04.013.
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OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate changes in airway infantile hemangioma treatment. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective. SUBJECTS: Airway hemangioma patients, tertiary pediatric hospital. METHODS: Data collected included age at diagnosis, evaluation methods, hospitalizations, airway size, and interventions. Patients were divided into group A (1981–1993) and group B (1994–2005) and were analyzed using descriptive statistics, the Fisher exact test, and the Student t test. RESULTS: Thirty-two subjects were identified. Nasopharyngoscopy was used more in group B (11/16 [69%]) than group A (4/16 [25%], P = 0.032). CT angiography (3/16 [19%]) and laryngeal distractors (11/16 [69%]) were only used in group B; these techniques showed airway hemangiomas to be “transglottic,” not just “subglottic.” Intralesional steroids alone (3/16 [19%]) and primary hemangioma excision (2/16 [13%]) were new treatments used in group B. Frequent direct laryngoscopies (>six) correlated with tracheotomy (5/32 [16%], P = 0.015). Presenting age (<2 months) impacted treatment more than airway hemangioma size. CONCLUSIONS: New methods of airway infantile hemangioma assessment changed our concept of airway hemangiomas and their primary treatment.
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Lisdaini, Lisdaini. "Improving Implementation Methods Subjects Study Group At Ips At Class Vi Sdn 03 Padang District Of Lengayang Marapalam Academic Year 2015/2016." Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Scholastic 1, no. 2 (October 27, 2018): 119–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.36057/jips.v1i2.254.
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Function lessons Social Science (IPS) Elementary School is to develop a rational attitude about social phenomena as well as an insight into the development of Indonesian society and mas world in the past and the present. While the purpose of social studies in primary school is to take the knowledge and basic skills that are useful for students in daily life and be able to develop an understanding of the development of Indonesian society since the past until the present.
In the evaluation, the teaching of social studies for students of SD Negeri 03 Padang District of Lengayang Marapalam Academic Year 2015/2016 industrious and keen to learn, they will be easier to work on and solve the problems it faces, and they will be fond of social studies for social studies is not an exact lesson or an exact science that requires a definite answer.
This study is an action research (PTK) using the model Kemmis and MC. Taggart (1988). Kemmis develop a model which would exist sarkan spiral of self-reflection system starts with a plan, action, observation and reflection, for re-planning is the basis for a square - square troubleshooting.
Student achievement SD Negeri 03 Padang District of Lengayang Marapalam Academic Year 2015/2016 class VI is still not satisfactory. This research is a class action ( classroom action research ). In the initial condition (prasiklus) achievement of sixth grade social studies on the competence of the formation of market prices are still low. Of the 22 students who score less than KKM 14 students (53.57%), within the limits of KKM there are five students (25%) and exceeded the limits of existing KKM 3 students (21, 43%) with an average grade 66.75.
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Gazizov, R. K., A. A. Kasatkin, and S. Yu Lukashchuk. "Symmetry properties of fractional order transport equations." Proceedings of the Mavlyutov Institute of Mechanics 9, no. 1 (2012): 59–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.21662/uim2012.1.010.
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In the paper some features of applying Lie group analysis methods to fractional differential equations are considered. The problem related to point change of variables in the fractional differentiation operator is discussed and some general form of transformation that conserves the form of Riemann-Liouville fractional operator is obtained. The prolongation formula for extending an infinitesimal operator of a group to fractional derivative with respect to arbitrary function is presented. Provided simple example illustrates the necessity of considering both local and non-local symmetries for fractional differential equations in particular cases including the initial conditions. The equivalence transformation forms for some fractional differential equations are discussed and results of group classification of the wave-diffusion equation are presented. Some examples of constructing particular exact solutions of fractional transport equation are given, based on the Lie group methods and the method of invariant subspaces.
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Khalique, Chaudry Masood, Oke Davies Adeyemo, and Innocent Simbanefayi. "On optimal system, exact solutions and conservation laws of the modified equal-width equation." Applied Mathematics and Nonlinear Sciences 3, no. 2 (July 23, 2018): 409–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.21042/amns.2018.2.00031.
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AbstractIn this paper we study the modified equal-width equation, which is used in handling simulation of a single dimensional wave propagation in nonlinear media with dispersion processes. Lie point symmetries of this equation are computed and used to construct an optimal system of one-dimensional subalgebras. Thereafter using an optimal system of one-dimensional subalgebras, symmetry reductions and new group-invariant solutions are presented. The solutions obtained are cnoidal and snoidal waves. Furthermore, conservation laws for the modified equal-width equation are derived by employing two different methods, the multiplier method and Noether approach.
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Sugiyorini, Esti. "The Relationship Between Knowledge and Attitudes About Reproductive Health with Adolescent Sexual Behavior at Ponorogo in 2017." Aloha International Journal of Multidisciplinary Advancement (AIJMU) 1, no. 5 (May 31, 2019): 114. http://dx.doi.org/10.33846/aijmu10503.
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Introduction: Reproductive health is a state of overall health related to the reproductive system. Adolescent group is the group that have most of risk in reproductive health, because there is a very large of physical change, that is maturation of reproductive organs and functions. Adolescents begin to feel a sexual urge and are attracted to other geneder so they are have risk of unwanted pregnancy, abortion and HIV / AIDS. The purpose of this study is to find out of knowledge and attitudes about reproductive health and its relationship with sexual behavior in adolescents. Methods: This research was cross sectional study. Population’s study were all of 1st grade students of Senior High School Sooko 1 Ponorogo (70 students) with 60 studets for sample. The sampling technique used was simple random sampling. The instrument in this study was a questionnaire. Data were collected by giving questionnaires and interviews to the sample group. Data were analyzed with Fisher exact test. Results: Fisher Exact Test was showed p> 0.05 for the relationship between reproductive health knowledge and sexual behavior of students and and the Fisher Exact Test was also showed p> 0.05 for the relationship between sexual behavior and students' attitudes toward reproductive health. Conclusion: There did not have relationship between knowledge of reproductive health with sexual behavior and also did not have relationship between sexual behavior with reproductive health attitudes in students.
Keywords: knowledge; attitudes; sexual behavior; reproductive health; adolescents
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CHENG, EDDIE, LÁSZLÓ LIPTÁK, KE QIU, and ZHIZHANG SHEN. "A UNIFIED APPROACH TO THE CONDITIONAL DIAGNOSABILITY OF INTERCONNECTION NETWORKS." Journal of Interconnection Networks 13, no. 03n04 (September 2012): 1250007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219265912500077.
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The conditional diagnosability of interconnection networks has been studied in a number of ad-hoc methods resulting in various conditional diagnosability results. In this paper, we utilize these existing results to give an unified approach in studying this problem. Following this approach, we derive the exact value of the conditional diagnosability for a number of interconnection networks including Cayley graphs generated by 2-trees (which generalize alternating group graphs), arrangement graphs (which generalize star graphs and alternating group graphs), hyper Petersen networks, and dual-cube like networks (which generalize dual-cubes.)
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Kim, Kee D., Dinesh Ramanathan, Jason Highsmith, William Lavelle, Peter Gerszten, Fernando Vale, and Neill Wright. "DuraSeal Exact Is a Safe Adjunctive Treatment for Durotomy in Spine: Postapproval Study." Global Spine Journal 9, no. 3 (August 13, 2018): 272–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2192568218791150.
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Study Design: A nonrandomized, two-armed prospective study. Objective: Water-tight dural closure is paramount to the prevention of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage and associated complications. Synthetic polyethylene glycol (PEG) hydrogel has been used as an adjunct to sutured dural repair; however, its expansion postoperatively is a concern for neurological complications. A low-swell formulation of PEG sealant was introduced as DuraSeal Exact Spine Sealant System (DESS). A Post-Approval Study was performed primarily to evaluate the safety and efficacy of DESS for spinal dural repair compared to current alternatives, in a large patient population, reflecting a real-world practice. Methods: A total of 36 sites in the United States enrolled 429 patients treated with DESS as an adjunct to dural repair in the spinal sealant group and 406 patients treated with all other modalities in the control arm, from October 2011 to June 2016. The primary endpoint was the incidence of CSF leak within 90 days of operation. The secondary endpoints evaluated were deep surgical site infection and neurological serious adverse events. Results: The CSF leakage in the DESS group (6.6%) was not significantly different from the control group (6.5%) ( p = .83), and there was no significant difference in the time to first leak. The two groups had no significant differences in deep surgical site infection (1.6% versus control 2.1%, p = .61) or proportion of subjects with neurological serious adverse events (2.9% versus control 1.6%, p = .516). Conclusions: DuraSeal Exact Spinal Sealant is safe when compared to current alternatives for spinal dural repair.
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Björn, Marko Henrik, Jonne MM Laurila, Werner Ravyse, Jari Kukkonen, Sanna Leivo, Kati Mäkitalo, and Tuula Keinonen. "Learning Impact of a Virtual Brain Electrical Activity Simulator Among Neurophysiology Students: Mixed-Methods Intervention Study." JMIR Serious Games 8, no. 4 (December 30, 2020): e18768. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/18768.
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Background Virtual simulation is the re-creation of reality depicted on a computer screen. It offers the possibility to exercise motor and psychomotor skills. In biomedical and medical education, there is an attempt to find new ways to support students’ learning in neurophysiology. Traditionally, recording electroencephalography (EEG) has been learned through practical hands-on exercises. To date, virtual simulations of EEG measurements have not been used. Objective This study aimed to examine the development of students’ theoretical knowledge and practical skills in the EEG measurement when using a virtual EEG simulator in biomedical laboratory science in the context of a neurophysiology course. Methods A computer-based EEG simulator was created. The simulator allowed virtual electrode placement and EEG graph interpretation. The usefulness of the simulator for learning EEG measurement was tested with 35 participants randomly divided into three equal groups. Group 1 (experimental group 1) used the simulator with fuzzy feedback, group 2 (experimental group 2) used the simulator with exact feedback, and group 3 (control group) did not use a simulator. The study comprised pre- and posttests on theoretical knowledge and practical hands-on evaluation of EEG electrode placement. Results The Wilcoxon signed-rank test indicated that the two groups that utilized a computer-based electrode placement simulator showed significant improvement in both theoretical knowledge (Z=1.79, P=.074) and observed practical skills compared with the group that studied without a simulator. Conclusions Learning electrode placement using a simulator enhances students’ ability to place electrodes and, in combination with practical hands-on training, increases their understanding of EEG measurement.
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Djurovic, Aleksandar, Dejan Miljkovic, Zorica Brdareski, Aleksandra Plavsic, and Miodrag Jevtic. "Pulse low-intensity electromagnetic field as prophylaxis of heterotopic ossification in patients with traumatic spinal cord injury." Vojnosanitetski pregled 66, no. 1 (2009): 22–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/vsp0901022d.
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Background/Aim. Heterotopic ossification (HO) is an important complication of head and spinal cord injuries (SCI). Pulse low-intensity electromagnetic field (PLIMF) therapy increases blood flow to an area of pain or inflammation, bringing more oxygen to that area and helps to remove toxic substances. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of PLIMF as prophylaxis of HO in patients with SCI. Methods. This prospective random control clinical study included 29 patients with traumatic SCI. The patients were randomly divided into experimental (n = 14) and control group (n = 15). The patients in the experimental group, besides exercise and range of motion therapy, were treated by PLIMF of the following characteristics: induction of 10 mT, frequency of 25 Hz and duration of 30 min. Pulse low-intensity electromagnetic field therapy started in the 7th week after the injury and lasted 4 weeks. The presence or absence of HO around the patients hips we checked by a plane radiography and Brookers classification. Functional capabilities and motor impairment were checked by Functional Independent Measure (FIM), Barthel index and American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) impairment class. Statistic analysis included Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, Shapiro-Wilk test, Mann Whitney Exact test, Exact Wilcoxon signed rank test and Fischer Exact test. Statistical significance was set up to p < 0.05. Results. At the end of the treatment no patient from the experimental group had HO. In the control group, five patients (33.3%) had HO. At the end of the treatment the majority of the patients from the experimental group (57.14%) moved from ASIA-A to ASIA-B class. Conclusion. Pulse low-intensity electromagnetic field therapy could help as prophylaxis of HO in patients with traumatic SCI.
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Xu, Kun, Brian G. Thomas, Yueyue Wu, Haichuan Wang, Hui Kong, and Zhaoyang Wu. "Grouping Methods of Cluster Dynamics Model for Precipitation Kinetics." Metals 10, no. 12 (December 16, 2020): 1685. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met10121685.
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Due to its simplicity and efficiency, cluster dynamics modeling has been widely used to simulate microstructure evolution in materials, such as defect formation in metals. However, its computation cost becomes prohibitive when the clusters grow too large, so a particle-size-grouping method is often required. In this paper, three different size-grouping methods are compared with the exact solution of the ungrouped cluster dynamics model for Al3Sc precipitation in an Al-0.18 at.% Sc alloy. A new assumption of logarithmically-linear distribution of cluster number densities inside each size group is shown to be the most efficient way to match with all results of the ungrouped model. Finally, the calculated results are compared with the measured sizes and distributions of Al3Sc precipitates at different aging temperatures. The new size-grouping method is shown to have better accuracy for the chosen discretization and time-stepping method evaluated. This will enable significant computational savings, and the extension of time scales and cluster sizes to the ranges of realistic metallurgical systems, while preserving reasonable accuracy.
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Kalusová, Lenka. "Analysis of the use of venture capital in Central and Eastern Europe countries." SHS Web of Conferences 83 (2020): 01029. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20208301029.
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We classify venture capital as a non-standard, alternative source of financing. Venture capital has an important position especially in financing innovative project activities. For this reason, the main goal of the paper is to analyze the use of venture capital in the countries of Central and Eastern Europe with the focus on the Visegrad Group countries. We used scientific methods, both from the general - logical methods, as well as from exact methods (in the form of statistical methods and comparison). We analysed the years 2010 – 2018. The results of our study show that the use of venture capital is very low in the Central and Eastern Europe countries.
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Otasevic, Marica, Aleksandar Nagorni, Dobrila Stankovic-Djordjevic, Marina Dinic, and Ljiljana Otasevic. "Helicobacter pylori and gastric cancer." Archive of Oncology 11, no. 4 (2003): 233–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/aoo0304233o.
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BACKGROUND: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is classified as a Group 1 carcinogen, because H. pylori infection considerably increases the risk of gastric cancer development. METHODS: The study involved a total of 191 patients divided into two groups. The first group comprised 117 patients who underwent endoscopy. A total of 203 biopsy specimens of the gastric mucosa were taken and analyzed using microbiological and histopathological methods. The second group comprised 74 patients with gastric cancer, who were examined for the gastric cancer type, the presence of H. pylori infection and the cancer localization. The presence of H. pylori infection in the tissue was con?firmed by staining pathohistological sections according to the method of Warthin-Starry. The microbilogical diagnosis involved the staining of direct tissue smears according to the method of Gram, as well as the cultivation of the specimens. To test the hypothesis for possible differences in H. pylori positive findings between the treatment groups, x2 test with Yates correction or Fisher exact test were used. RESULTS: The first treatment group comprised 117 patients with various clinical diagnoses. Gastric cancer was diagnosed in 8 patients, and of these 87.50% were found to have H. pylori. No statistically significant difference in H. pylori positive tests was detected between the patients with gastric ulcer and the patients with gastric cancer (Fisher exact test: p=1.00; p>0.05) nor was it established between the patients with duodenal ulcer and those with gastric cancer (Fisher exact test: p= 1.00; p>0.05). The second treatment group comprised 74 patients, of whom 52 (70.27%) had intestinal-type gastric cancer and 22 (29.72%) had diffuse-type gastric cancer. No statistically significant difference in the positive tests for H. pylori was registered between the patients with intestinal-type and those with diffuse-type gastric cancer (x2=0.07; p=0.798; p>0.05). The most frequent localization of the cancer was the antrum. CONCLUSION: The results are supportive of the hypothesis on a correlation between H. pylori infection and gastric adenocarcinoma development, but no differences between the intestinal and diffuse type of adenocarcinoma have been revealed with respect to the malignant process.
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Jamil, Muhammad, Saleem Abdullah, Muhammad Yaqub Khan, Florentin Smarandache, and Fazal Ghani. "Application of the Bipolar Neutrosophic Hamacher Averaging Aggregation Operators to Group Decision Making: An Illustrative Example." Symmetry 11, no. 5 (May 21, 2019): 698. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym11050698.
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The present study aims to introduce the notion of bipolar neutrosophic Hamacher aggregation operators and to also provide its application in real life. Then neutrosophic set (NS) can elaborate the incomplete, inconsistent, and indeterminate information, Hamacher aggregation operators, and extended Einstein aggregation operators to the arithmetic and geometric aggregation operators. First, we give the fundamental definition and operations of the neutrosophic set and the bipolar neutrosophic set. Our main focus is on the Hamacher aggregation operators of bipolar neutrosophic, namely, bipolar neutrosophic Hamacher weighted averaging (BNHWA), bipolar neutrosophic Hamacher ordered weighted averaging (BNHOWA), and bipolar neutrosophic Hamacher hybrid averaging (BNHHA) along with their desirable properties. The prime gain of utilizing the suggested methods is that these operators progressively provide total perspective on the issue necessary for the decision makers. These tools provide generalized, increasingly exact, and precise outcomes when compared to the current methods. Finally, as an application, we propose new methods for the multi-criteria group decision-making issues by using the various kinds of bipolar neutrosophic operators with a numerical model. This demonstrates the usefulness and practicality of this proposed approach in real life.
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Buentzel, J., O. Micke, M. Glatzel, F. Bruns, K. Kisters, and R. Muecke. "Evaluation of the effect of selenium on radiation-induced toxicities in head neck cancer patients." Journal of Clinical Oncology 27, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2009): e20698-e20698. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2009.27.15_suppl.e20698.
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e20698 Background: The substitution of selenium effects in activation of the selenium dependent enzyme glutathione peroxidase which is important for scavenging free radicals. Until today only limited data are available about the clinical impact of selenium regarding the toxicities due to free radical producing therapies, e.g. irradiation or chemotherapy. Methods: 39 patients (8 female, 31 male) with advanced head neck cancer were included to a randomized phase II study. All patients had shown a reduced concentration of selenium in the blood and serum (main inclusion criterium). The mean age was 63.52 ± 9.31 years. Tumour localizations: oral cancer 15 patients, oropharynx 19 patients, hypopharynx 5 patients, CUP 1 patient. Group A (n=22) received 500 μg sodium selenite at the days of radiotherapy and 300 μg sodium selenite at holidays or weekend. Group B (17) was irradiated without any selenium substitution. Both groups were well balanced according age, gender, localization and stage of the tumour. We evaluated the RTOG grade of radiation-associated toxicities once per week. Following statistical methods were used: Mantel-Haenssel-χ2-test, Fisher's exact Test. SPSS. Results: We observed the following serious toxicities (group A versus group B): dysphagia 22.7% vs. 35.3%, loss of taste 22.7% vs. 47.1%, dry mouth 22.7% vs. 23.5%, and stomatitis 36.4% vs. 23.5%. A statistical trend (Fisher's exact test) is only seen in the area of loss of taste (p=0.172). The analysis per week had only shown a significant reduction of dysphagia in the selenium group at the last week of irradiation (p=0.04). Conclusions: The small randomized trial has shown limited effects of selenium in the prevention of ageusia (loss of taste) and dysphagia due to radiotherapy because of head and neck cancer. A clinical relevant radioprotection was not observed. [Table: see text]
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Agbo-Ajala, Olatunbosun, and Serestina Viriri. "Deeply Learned Classifiers for Age and Gender Predictions of Unfiltered Faces." Scientific World Journal 2020 (April 21, 2020): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/1289408.
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Age and gender predictions of unfiltered faces classify unconstrained real-world facial images into predefined age and gender. Significant improvements have been made in this research area due to its usefulness in intelligent real-world applications. However, the traditional methods on the unfiltered benchmarks show their incompetency to handle large degrees of variations in those unconstrained images. More recently, Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) based methods have been extensively used for the classification task due to their excellent performance in facial analysis. In this work, we propose a novel end-to-end CNN approach, to achieve robust age group and gender classification of unfiltered real-world faces. The two-level CNN architecture includes feature extraction and classification itself. The feature extraction extracts feature corresponding to age and gender, while the classification classifies the face images to the correct age group and gender. Particularly, we address the large variations in the unfiltered real-world faces with a robust image preprocessing algorithm that prepares and processes those faces before being fed into the CNN model. Technically, our network is pretrained on an IMDb-WIKI with noisy labels and then fine-tuned on MORPH-II and finally on the training set of the OIU-Adience (original) dataset. The experimental results, when analyzed for classification accuracy on the same OIU-Adience benchmark, show that our model obtains the state-of-the-art performance in both age group and gender classification. It improves over the best-reported results by 16.6% (exact accuracy) and 3.2% (one-off accuracy) for age group classification and also there is an improvement of 3.0% (exact accuracy) for gender classification.
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Nam, Hyo Yeon, and Hyung Wha Shim. "The Effect of Behavioral Relaxation Training on Distress and Cancer Screening Intention of Patients with Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy." Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education 25, no. 4 (November 30, 2019): 414–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.5977/jkasne.2019.25.4.414.
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Purpose: This study evaluates the effect of behavioral relaxation training on distress and cancer screening intention of patients with upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. Methods: The research was conducted in a non-equivalent control group posttest design. Data were collected from endoscopy subjects in B city from October to November of 2018. Fifteen minutes of behavioral relaxation training were provided to the experimental group (n=40) and traditional relaxation therapy methods were provided to the control group (n=40). Outcome measures were distress and cancer screening intention of patients with upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. Data were analyzed with a ${chi}^2$-test, independent t-test, Fisher's exact test with SPSS/PC version 23.0. Results: The objective discomfort (t=8.81, p<.001) of the experimental group was lower than that of the control group; there were no significant differences in the subjective discomfort (t=1.73, p=.088). The cancer screening intention (t=-5.85, p<.001) of the experimental group was significantly higher than that of the control group. Conclusion: Behavioral relaxation training was effective in heightening cancer screening intention. Therefore it can be usefully applied to increase cancer screening intention.
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Hirth, Michael, Christel Weiss, Philip Weidner, Christoph Antoni, Anne Thomann, Wolfgang Reindl, Matthias P. Ebert, Roland H. Pfützer, and Alexander Schneider. "Prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease in alcoholic, non-alcoholic and autoimmune pancreatitis." Zeitschrift für Gastroenterologie 56, no. 05 (May 2018): 469–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-123881.
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Abstract Objectives Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) frequently reveal features of pancreatic inflammation. However, the prevalence of IBD in patients with alcoholic pancreatitis (AP) and nonalcoholic pancreatitis (NAP) has not yet been determined, and the prevalence of IBD in patients with autoimmune pancreatitis (AiP) from Germany is unknown. Aims Thus, we aimed, first, to determine the prevalence of IBD in AP, NAP, and AiP from a tertiary center in Germany and, second, to characterize patients with AiP and IBD. Methods We performed a retrospective cross-sectional study to determine the prevalence of IBD in patients with different forms of pancreatitis presenting to our clinic. Results Compared to the general population and to a control group with viral hepatitis from our clinic, we observed the most significant increase of IBD in patients with AiP (n = 3/28; p < 0.0001 vs. general population, binomial proportion test; p = 0.0112 vs. hepatitis group, Fisher’s exact test), followed by a significant increase in subjects with NAP (n = 11/278; p < 0.0001 vs. general population, binomial proportion test; p = 0.0338 vs. hepatitis group, Fisher’s exact test). A review of previous studies on the prevalence of IBD among patients with AiP revealed a combined prevalence of 12 % (n = 43/355). Type 2 AiP is significantly more often associated with IBD than type 1 AiP (n = 28/48, 58 % vs. n = 7/129, 5 %; combined patient cohort, p < 10E − 12; Fisher’s exact test). Conclusions Immune-mediated mechanisms related to IBD may participate in the development of AiP, especially AiP type 2, and may also increase the risk for the development of other forms of pancreatic inflammation.
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Kupčinskaitė-Noreikienė, Rita, Dainius Jančiauskas, and Elona Juozaitytė. "Frequency of gene hMLH1 promoter methylation in the stomach antral and body area tissue of chronic atrophic pangastritis patients." Acta medica Lituanica 20, no. 2 (September 19, 2013): 67–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.6001/actamedica.v20i2.2694.
Full textAbstract:
Aim. To compare hMLH1 methylation frequency in stomach antral and body area tissue in chronic atrophic pangastritis patients, and to evaluate possible correlation severity of chronic atrophic gastritis markers. Methods. The study population consisted of 24 participants (with histologically confirmed chronic atrophic pangastritis), who underwent upper endoscopy. Biopsy specimens were taken from the gastric antral and body area. The methylation status of the gene hMlH1 was investigated. Results. Methylation of the CpG island of gene hMLH1 was found in the antral stomach area group 9/24, compared with the body area 2/24. There was a significant difference in gene methylation frequencies in the observed stomach parts (Fisher’s exact test, p = 0.04). There was a significant association between gene hMLH1 methylation and the occurrence of severe atrophic gastritis, intestinal metaplasia and the presence of hyperplastic mucosal changes (Fisher’s exact test, p