Academic literature on the topic 'Examination of OAB'
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Journal articles on the topic "Examination of OAB"
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Forde, James C., Jonathan L. Davila, Brian K. Marks, Matthew Epstein, Johnson F. Tsui, Jeffrey P. Weiss, and Jerry G. Blaivas. "Urogynecological conditions associated with overactive bladder symptoms in women." Canadian Urological Association Journal 11, no. 3-4 (March 16, 2017): 83. http://dx.doi.org/10.5489/cuaj.3962.
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Introduction: Overactive bladder symptoms (OAB) affect 9–43% of women and are associated with underlying disorders, including pelvic organ prolapse (POP) and stress urinary incontinence (SUI). The aim of this study is to identify urogynecological conditions associated with OAB symptoms.Methods: This prospective, institutional review board-approved study included women referred to a tertiary centre with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). All women completed the selfadministered OAB questionnaire (OABSS). Those with an OABSS ≥8, the cutoff, were considered to have OAB symptoms. Patients underwent a history and physical examination (including Baden- Walker prolapse grading and stress test), 24-hour voiding diary, pad test (for urinary incontinence), urinalysis, and uroflow with post-void residual volume. Patients were classified clinically into the following: idiopathic OAB, SUI, POP, bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) neurogenic bladder (NGB), recurrent urinary tract infection (UTI), and miscellaneous.Results: In total, 148 women met the inclusion criteria with a mean age of 67 years. Only 27% had no comorbid conditions and were considered idiopathic OAB. Associated urogynecological conditions included SUI in 37%, POP in 26%, miscellaneous conditions in 18%, recurrent UTI in 11%, NGB in 9%, and BOO in 8%. Some patients met criteria for more than one category, thus the total is greater than 100%.Conclusions: In a tertiary care setting, a significant proportion of women with OAB symptoms have underlying conditions that may cause or contribute to their symptoms. Appropriate evaluation is desirable to enhance our understanding of the relationship of these conditions to the diagnosis, treatment, outcomes, and pathophysiology of OAB.
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Malanowska, Ewelina, Andrzej Starczewski, Włodzimierz Bielewicz, and Matteo Balzarro. "Assessment of Overactive Bladder after Laparoscopic Lateral Suspension for Pelvic Organ Prolapse." BioMed Research International 2019 (April 4, 2019): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/9051963.
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Background. Pelvic organ prolapses (POP) and overactive bladder (OAB) may coexist and both negatively impact quality of life in women. The correlation between POP and OAB remains unclear, but these patients may have the OAB resolution after the surgical treatment of POP. Aim of our study was to assess the anatomical results and the effect on OAB symptoms in women who underwent laparoscopic lateral suspension for POP. Materials and Methods. This prospective study included all women with apical POP who underwent surgical repair with laparoscopic uterine lateral suspension from January 2016 to December 2017. The baseline and the 1-year follow-up included post-void residual measurement, urinalysis, vaginal examination, OAB symptoms evaluation, and administration of questionnaires (PFDI-20, UDI 6). Results. 64 women underwent laparoscopic lateral suspension for uterine prolapse and 78.1% had concomitant anterior vaginal wall defect. At 1-year follow-up the anatomic success rates were 84.4% for the apical and 76.2% for the anterior compartment. The comparison between OAB symptoms before and after the surgical procedure showed the resolution of OAB in 76% of the women, while de novo OAB was present in 2.6%. With the questionnaires 95.3% (61/64) of our patients were satisfied after the POP repair. We documented a trend in ameliorating of OAB regardless of the POP-Q stage. However, the Pearson test showed this correlation as statistically significant only in women with anterior vaginal wall defect stage III and apical stage II. No patient had vaginal exposure of the polypropylene mesh. Conclusion. Our data show how laparoscopic lateral suspension is an effective procedure for apical and anterior vaginal wall defects. This study provides further evidence for the concept that OAB in women with POP >II stage improves after a successful POP surgery. These women may benefit from a resolution of OAB and POP symptoms with the improvement of patient’s quality of life.
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Kosilov, Kirill V., Sergay A. Loparev, Marina A. Ivanovskaya, and Liliya V. Kosilova. "Caffeine as a Probable Factor for Increased Risk of OAB Development in Elderly People." Current Urology 9, no. 3 (2015): 124–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000442866.
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Objective: This study was conducted to compare overactive bladder (OAB) prevalence among people greater than 60 years of age who intake various doses of caffeine, as well as those who abstain from caffeine. Patients and Methods: A randomized observational study was carried out in Vladivostok Gerontological Hospital. A total of 1,098 retired people greater than 60 years of age (659 women and 439 men, average age 67.1 years) took part in the study. They were admitted to the in-patient department with the purpose of annual physical examination performed in accordance with the order of the Ministry of Public Health of the Russian Federation. People over age 60, who at the moment of examination were in satisfactory health condition, were included into the study. People in which OAB had been detected or who used to take antimuscarinic were excluded from the study. Assessment tools for examining the patients' lower urinary tract condition were as follows: OAB-q SF, urination diaries, and uroflowmetry. Results: In the course of the experiment conducted, we found that 1/3 of people, both men and women greater than 60 years of age, who did not previously seek medical advice due to urination troubles, had symptoms of detrusor overactivity. These symptoms were moderate and did not bother patients too much in most cases (63.4%). It was also found that most patients consumed no more than 300mg caffeine with beverages per day, with 30% and 10% of patients suffering from OAB or severe detrusor overactivity, respectively. At the same time, almost 50% of patients taking more than 300 mg of caffeine per day suffer from OAB. Conclusion: 48.1% of people over 60 years of age suffering from overactive detrusor symptoms consume greater than 300 mg caffeine daily, which is significantly higher than that of their peers who do not intake excessive amounts of caffeine.
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Bagińska, Joanna, Edyta Sadowska, and Agata Korzeniecka-Kozerska. "An Examination of the Relationship between Urinary Neurotrophin Concentrations and Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) Used in Pediatric Overactive Bladder Therapy." Journal of Clinical Medicine 10, no. 14 (July 17, 2021): 3156. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm10143156.
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This article aims to explore changes in urinary concentrations of selected neurotrophins in the course of TENS therapy in children with overactive bladder (OAB). A two-group open-label prospective study was conducted. The intervention group comprised 30 children aged between 5 and 12 years old with OAB refractory to conservative therapy. They received 12 weeks of TENS therapy in a home setting. The urinary neurotrophins, NGF, BDNF, NT3, NT4, were measured by ELISA at baseline and at the end of the TENS therapy. Total urinary neurotrophins levels were standardized to mg of creatinine (Cr). We compared the results with the reference group of 30 participants with no symptoms of bladder overactivity. The results revealed that children with OAB both before and after TENS therapy had higher NGF, BDNF, and NT4 concentrations in total and after normalization to Cr than the reference group in contrast to NT3. The response to the therapy expressed as a decrease of urinary neurotrophins after TENS depended on the age and the presenting symptoms. In conclusion, children older than 8 years of age with complaints of daytime incontinence responded better to TENS.
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Ardiansyah, Edy, M. F. G. Siregar, R. A. Ganie, and I. B. Utra. "Controlled Clinical Trial Effect of Noni Fruit Extract (Morinda citrifolia) Toward Overactive Bladder Women through Observation of High-Sensitivity C-reactive Protein in Urine Levels." Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences 8, A (September 25, 2020): 706–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2020.4693.
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BACKGROUND: The prevalence of overactive bladder (OAB) appears to increase with age (aging), and free radicals most contribute to an increase in the aging process. But now, some researchers have found the efficacy of Morinda citrifolia in inhibiting the oxidative stress process so that it is expected to be beneficial for the treatment of OAB.
AIM: The aim of this study was to find out the effect of M. citrifolia extract on overactive women bladder (OAB) through observation of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) urine level.
METHODS: This research is an experimental study using double-blind randomized controlled trial design conducted at General Hospital H. Adam Malik Medan, USU Pharmacy Laboratory for extraction of noni fruit (M. citrifolia) and the Integrated Laboratory of Biochemical-Biomolecular USU Faculty of Medicine for the examination of hs-CRP urine levels. A t-dependent test is performed if data distribution is normally distributed or if not normally distributed, the median values are compared with the Mann–Whitney U-test. The effect of noni in hs-CRP levels performed by wilcoxon signed-Ranks Test. The statistical significance test with CI 95% and significant difference value p<0,05.
RESULTS: These results indicate that the noni fruit extract has weak antioxidant activity (IC50 >150 ppm). From the statistical analysis, a significant difference (p < 0.05) was obtained in hs-CRP urine level after compared to before treatment. These results indicate that after treatment, there was an improvement in the degree of OAB symptom scores in Group A and Group B.
CONCLUSIONS: Noni fruit extract (M. citrifolia) is proven to be able to inhibit oxidative stress in urothelium through observation of hs-CRP urine levels in overactive women bladder (OAB).
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Naumann, Gert, Thomas Hitschold, Dominique Frohnmeyer, Peter Majinge, and Rainer Lange. "Sexual Disorders in Women with Overactive Bladder and Urinary Stress Incontinence Compared to Controls: A Prospective Study." Geburtshilfe und Frauenheilkunde 81, no. 09 (September 2021): 1039–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-1499-8392.
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Abstract Introduction and Hypothesis Female urinary incontinence (UI) has a negative impact on sexual function and sexual quality of life (QoL) in women. But there is still no consensus on the type of UI or the prevalence of sexual dysfunction (SD). The aim of the study was to evaluate sexual disorders in women with overactive bladder (OAB) compared to patients with urinary stress incontinence (SUI) and healthy controls. Materials and Methods 106 women presenting to a urogynecological outpatient clinic (referral clinic) were investigated using standardized questionnaires and the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI-d). All 65 incontinent women underwent a full urodynamic examination; the controls (31) were non-incontinent women in the same age range who came for routine check-ups or minor disorders not involving micturition or pelvic floor function. Women with mixed urinary incontinence, a history of previous medical or surgical treatment for UI, recurrent urinary tract infections, previous radiation therapy or pelvic organ prolapse of more than stage 2 on the Pelvic Organ Prolapse Quantification (POP-Q) system were excluded. Results 100 questionnaires could be evaluated (94.3%). Thirty-four women had urinary stress incontinence, 35 had OAB, 31 were controls. Mean age was 56 years, with no significant differences between groups. The scores of the questionnaire ranged from 2 to 35.1 points. The median score of OAB patients was significantly lower (17.6) than the median score of the controls (26.5; p = 0,004). The stress-incontinent women had a score of 21.95, which was lower than that of the controls but statistically non-significant (p = 0.051). In all subdomains, the OAB patients had lower scores than the stress-incontinent women and significantly lower values than the control group. Most striking was the impairment of “sexual interest in the last 4 weeks”. The figure for “none or almost no sexual activity” was 80% for the OAB group, 64.7% for the group of stress-incontinent women and 48% for the control group. Incontinence during intercourse was reported by one OAB patient and 4 stress-incontinent women but did not occur in the control group. Conclusions There is a high prevalence of SD in women with urinary incontinence. Patients with OAB reported a greater negative impact on sexual function and had significantly lower scores for the FSFI questionnaire than patients with stress incontinence or controls.
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Shkodkin, S. V., M. V. Pokrovsky, S. S. Krasnyak, A. V. Polichuk, S. V. Chirkov, O. V. Churikova, and N. A. Kpavtsova. "Treatment of overactive bladder symptoms in women with Diunorm®: preliminary results report." Vestnik Urologii 9, no. 2 (July 10, 2021): 100–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.21886/2308-6424-2021-9-2-100-110.
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Introduction. Overactive bladder (OAB) with or without urgent incontinence tends to progress with age and occurs in both men and women. However, the frequency of occurrence in the female population averages about 25%.Purpose of the study. To assess the effectiveness and safety of the drug Diunorm® (in caps.) in the prevention and treatment of OAB in women.Materials and methods. The statistical analysis includes the results of a survey of 28 women with symptoms of OAB, whose average age was 35.3 years. The drug Diunorm® was used for treatment in dosage 400 mg QD for 90 days. Patients completed the Overactive Bladder Awareness Tool and a urination diary. Additionally, urinalysis, bacteriological examination of urine, uroflowmetry, bladder ultrasound and cystoscopy were performed.Results. All women throughout the study had negative urine cultures and no pyuria in urinalysis, which excluded an infectious etiology of urinary dysfunction. During therapy, a statistically significant decrease in irritative symptoms was recorded according to the Overactive Bladder Awareness Tool questionnaire. The sum of points after 1 and 3 mo decreased by 3.0 and 4.3 points, respectively (p < 0.05). Positive dynamics in terms of the points' sum was noted in 75%, in relation to nocturia in 82% of patients (p < 0.01). The average urination rate increased from 13.3 ± 0.7 ml/s to 15.1 ± 0.7 ml/s and 15.4 ± 0.5 ml/s after 1.5 and 3 months, respectively (p < 0,0001). A similar trend was observed for maximum urine flow and residual urine volume. The maximum urine flow when taking Diunorm® increased from 15.9 ± 0.6 ml/s to 17.4 ± 0.5 ml/s and 18.1 ± 0.4 ml/s (p < 0.001). Residual urine volume decreased throughout the study. When included in the study, after 1,5 and 3 mo, this indicator was 19.9 ± 1.4; 12.2 ± 1.6 and 6.4 ± 1.1 ml, respectively (p < 0.001).Conclusion. Diunorm® can become a worthy alternative to traditional first-line OAB therapy. Comparative studies are required to obtain a high-level evidence base.
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Gubbiotti, Marilena, Antonella Conte, Savino M. Di Stasi, Nicola Tambasco, and Antonella Giannantoni. "Feasibility of mirabegron in the treatment of overactive bladder in patients affected by Parkinson’s disease: A pilot study." Therapeutic Advances in Neurological Disorders 12 (January 2019): 175628641984345. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1756286419843458.
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Background: We investigated the effectiveness and safety of mirabegron oral treatment in a group of patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) and overactive bladder (OAB), refractory to antimuscarinics. Materials and methods: Thirty patients with PD and refractory OAB were prospectively included in the study. At baseline, motor symptoms, severity of disease and cognitive status were assessed with the Hoehn–Yahr Scale, the Unified Parkinson’s disease Rating Scale, the Mini Mental State examination and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment. At baseline, urinary symptoms, satisfaction with treatment and the impact of urinary incontinence on quality of life (QoL) were assessed with the 3-day voiding diary, the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), the Incontinence–QoL questionnaire and urodynamics. Patients started assuming mirabegron 50 mg tablets once daily. Evaluation of urinary symptoms and related questionnaires, motor symptoms, severity of PD and uroflowmetry with postvoid residual volume measurement were then repeated at the 3- and 6-month follow up. Side effects were also noted. Results: At baseline, the most frequently reported urinary symptoms were: urinary urgency (present in all the patients), urge urinary incontinence in 28/30 (93.3%) and increased daytime urinary frequency in 25 (83.3%) patients. At the 3-month follow up, 7 out of the 30 patients achieved a complete urinary continence. Significant improvements in VAS and Incontinence–QoL scores were observed in 24 patients. These benefits were maintained for the whole observation period. Four patients discontinued treatment due to poor efficacy, and two due to the cost of the drug. Conclusions: Mirabegron is a safe and effective treatment in patients with PD and OAB refractory to anticholinergics in the short-term follow up.
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Kupec, Tomas, Ulrich Pecks, Charlotte M. Gräf, Elmar Stickeler, Ivo Meinhold-Heerlein, and Laila Najjari. "Size Does Not Make the Difference: 3D/4D Transperineal Sonographic Measurements of the Female Urethra in the Assessment of Urinary Incontinence Subtypes." BioMed Research International 2016 (2016): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/1810352.
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Purpose.The objective was to evaluate the usefulness of transperineal ultrasound in the assessment of the urethral length and urethral lumen by 3D/4D transperineal sonography to discriminate between female patients with subtypes of urinary incontinence.Methods.A total of 150 female patients underwent an examination because of urinary incontinence. 41 patients were diagnosed with urgency urinary incontinence (OAB), 67 patients were diagnosed with stress urinary incontinence (SUI), and 42 patients were in the control group (CTRL). Three diameters of the urethral lumen (proximal (U1), medial (U2), and distal (U3)) and the urethral length were measured. By the assessment of the urethral lumen, the presence of the urethral funneling was evaluated.Results.We found a significant difference in the urethral length and urethral lumen U2 of OAB and SUI versus CTRL. The urethral length was significantly greater (P<0.05) and the urethral lumen was significantly wider (P<0.05) in the patients with urinary incontinence. The incidence of the urethral funneling was significantly higher (P<0.05) in the study groups with urinary incontinence than in the control group.Conclusions.Our results have shown the urethral changes obtained by ultrasound in patients with urinary incontinence, but they are still insufficient to distinguish between subtypes of urinary incontinence.
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Chang, Che-Wei, Yung-Shun Juan, Yuan-Han Yang, and Hsiang-Ying Lee. "The Relationship Between Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms and Severity of Alzheimer’s Disease." American Journal of Alzheimer's Disease & Other Dementiasr 36 (January 1, 2021): 153331752199265. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1533317521992657.
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Introduction: Urinary incontinence (UI) is more prevalent in elderly populations with dementia than those without dementia. Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia. Urge UI, the most common type of UI in AD patients, causes more morbidity and mortality. However, it is inconvenient to obtain the report of urodynamic study from AD patient to diagnose urinary incontinence. Nevertheless, it is easier to obtain subjective or objective questionnaires from the patients or the caregivers. The data collected from the questionnaires are used to evaluate if severity of dementia is associated with urge UI and other lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTs). Patients and Methods: A total of 43 AD patients were enrolled in this study, all of whom were checked post-void residual (PVR) urine amount by sonography after voiding. The severity of dementia was evaluated by questionnaire including Cognitive Abilities Screening Instrument (CASI), Mini Mental Status Examination (MMSE), Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR), and Clinical Dementia Rating Sub-of-Box (CDR-SB). The LUTs were assessed with International Consultation of Incontinence Questionnaire (ICIQ) and Overactive bladder symptom scores (OABSS) questionnaire. Independent t test and Pearson’s correlation analysis were calculated. Results: The average age in both AD with/without urge UI patients is 78 years old. The scores of CDR-SB, OABSS and ICIQ are significantly different in these 2 groups (p = 0.023, p = 0.003, p = 0.001; respectively). However, the neurophysiological scores of CASI, MMSE, CDR, CDR-SB is not correlated with OABSS (r = 0.047, p = 0.382; r = 0.074, p = 0.317; r = 0.087, p = 0.288; r = 0.112, p = 0.237; respectively). Interestingly, if we separate each individual symptom of OAB, there is a significant correlation between CDR-SB and urge UI score (r = 0.314, p = 0.023). Conclusions: Higher lower urinary tract symptom scores are noted in AD patients with urge UI. The CDR-SB score is highly correlated with urge UI in AD patients.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Examination of OAB"
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Ferreira, Gabriela Gomes Coelho. "A organizacao do curso de direito e a formacao do bacharel: estudo em uma instituição privada na cidade de São Paulo." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2013. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/10423.
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This study aims to examine the documents which express the pedagogical organization of the course of a law school, private and located in the city of Sao Paulo, as well as other documents that somehow guide this organization (related to the Bar Exam Brazil and also the Curriculum Guidelines for Law courses set by the Ministry of Education). We sought to identify and examine trends present in the process of training of graduates, with reference to the critical theory of society. So interested check for regressive tendencies (that reinforce domination) and those potentially emancipatory. Therefore, the concept of law is discussed and situated as a product of the state and therefore as an expression of political and economic society, which results in the need for training that goes beyond technical expertise and dogmatic. Trend analysis allows us to assert that the ongoing investigation presents an orientation marked by complexity and that there is great interplay between trends that may be considered regressive and potentially emancipatory. An example is how the word "critical" is used: it could be classified as a potentially emancipatory trend, however, as it appears in the text - aligned to efficiency and labor market - and the lack of a more theoretical than makes dubious in significance by not expressing the ideology that carries causes may be allocated among the regressive tendencies: there seems to be an awareness of the necessity of criticism, but does not express exactly what you mean and may even reinforce exactly which aims to break. A decreasing trend seems born that you want to be potentially emancipatory
0 presente trabalho tem como objetivo analisar os documentos que expressam a organização pedagógica do curse de uma faculdade de Direito, privada e localizada na cidade de São Paulo, além de outros documentos que de alguma maneira orientam nessa organização (relacionados ao Exame da Ordem dos Advogados do Brasil e, também, as Diretrizes Curriculares para os curses de Direito definidas pelo Ministério da Educação) . Buscou-se identificar e examinar as tendências presentes no processo de formação dos bacharéis, tendo como referencia a teoria critica da sociedade. Assim, interessou verificar a existência de tendências regressivas (que reforçam a dominação) e aquelas potencialmente emancipadoras. Para tanto, o conceito de Direito e discutido e situado como defluente do Estado e, portanto, como expressão politica e econômica da sociedade, o que resulta na necessidade de uma formação que vá além dos conhecimentos técnicos e dogmáticos. A análise das tendências permite afirmar que o curse investigado apresenta uma orientação marcada pela complexidade e que ha grande inter-relação entre as tendências que podem ser consideradas regressivas e potencialmente emancipadoras. Um exemplo e a forma como a palavra "critica" é empregada: poderia ser classificada como uma tendência potencialmente emancipadora, entretanto, a forma como aparece no texto - alinhada a eficiência e ao mercado de trabalho - além da falta de maior embasamento te6rico que a torna dúbia em significado por não exprimir a ideologia que carrega, faz com que possa ser alocada dentre as tendências regressivas: parece haver uma conscientização da necessidade da critica, mas não se exprime, exatamente, o que quer significar podendo, inclusive, reforçar exatamente o que pretende romper. Uma tendência regressiva parece nascer daquela que pretende ser potencialmente emancipadora
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Schreier, Tal Hanna. "A critical examination of South Africa's application of the expanded OAU refugee definition: is adequate protection being offered within the meaning of the 1969 OAU Refugee Convention?" Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/4733.
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Barr, Christopher James. "Biochemical Saccharification of Ionic Liquid Pretreated Biomass: an Examination of Treatment Parameters and Enzyme Requirements." University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1372415335.
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Coole, David R. "Expansion and Validation of the Political Skill Inventory (PSI): An Examination of the Link Between Charisma, Political Skill, and Performance." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2007. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0001882.
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Jacobs, Holly. "An Examination of Psychological Meaningfulness, Safety, and Availability as the Underlying Mechanisms linking Job Features and Personal Characteristics to Work Engagement." FIU Digital Commons, 2013. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/904.
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The present study tested a nomological net of work engagement that was derived from its extant research. Two of the main work engagement models that have been presented and empirically tested in the literature, the JD-R model and Kahn’s model, were integrated to test the effects that job features and personal characteristics can have on work engagement through the psychological conditions of meaningfulness, safety, and availability. In this study, safety refers to psychological perceptions of safety and not workplace safety behaviors. The job features that were tested in this model included person-job fit, autonomy, co-worker relations, supervisor support, procedural justice, and interactional justice, while the personal characteristics consisted of self-consciousness, self-efficacy, extraversion, and neuroticism. Thirty-four hypotheses and a conceptual model were tested in order to establish the viability of this nomological net of work engagement in which it was expected that meaningfulness would mediate the relationships between job features and work engagement, safety would mediate the relationships that job features and personal characteristics have with work engagement, and availability (physical, emotional, and cognitive resources) would mediate the relationships that personal characteristics have with work engagement. Furthermore, analyses were run in order to determine the factor structure of work engagement, assess whether or not it exhibits differential validity from organizational commitment and job satisfaction, and confirm that it is positively related to the outcome variable of organizational citizenship behavior (OCB). The final sample consisted of 500 workers from an online labor market who responded to a questionnaire composed of measures of all constructs included in this study. Findings show that work engagement is best represented as a three-factor construct, composed of vigor, dedication and absorption. Furthermore, support was found for the distinction of work engagement from the related constructs of organizational commitment and job satisfaction. With regard to the proposed model, meaningfulness proved to be the strongest predictor of work engagement. Results show that it partially mediates the relationships that all job features have with work engagement. Safety proved to be a partial mediator of the relationships that autonomy, co-worker relations, supervisor support, procedural justice, interactional justice, and self-efficacy have with work engagement, and fully mediate the relationship between neuroticism and work engagement. Findings also show that availability partially mediates the positive relationships that extraversion and self-efficacy have with work engagement, and fully mediates the negative relationship that neuroticism has with work engagement. Finally, a positive relationship was found between work engagement and OCB. Research and organizational implications are discussed.
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Lin, Chi-Sheng, and 林琪盛. "The Tradeoffs of Organizational Citizenship Behaviors:An Examination of the Relationships Among Careerism, Social Desirability, OCB, Role Overload, and Job Stress." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/3wwe29.
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碩士國立東華大學
企業管理學系
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Most research in organizational citizenship behaviors (OCBs) indicates that employees display OCBs out of positive and altruistic motives. However, in recent years, scholars also pay attention to instrumental motives. Further, most research holds the perspective that OCBs are both good for employees and organizations. However, recent studies also notice the potential negative effects of OCBs on employees. Therefore, this study tries to explore the employees’ instrumental motives (including careerism and social desirability) on OCBs and the negative effects of these behaviors. This study designed dyad questionnaires: employee questionnaire (including the measurement of careerism, social desirability, initiative behaviors, role overload, and job stress) and colleague questionnaire (including the measurement of helping behaviors). These questionnaires were distributed to 15 police stations in Taipei. Of the 800 pairs surveyed, 410 employee questionnaires returned, and 410 colleague questionnaures returned. After eliminating the unmatched questionnaires, this study yielded a valid response rate of 29.0 percent. By means of SEM, the findings were derived as follows: (1) employees displayed the behaviors of individual initiative and helping others out of careerism and social desirability. (2) When employees displayed the behaviors of individual initiative, they would feel role overload and a high degree of job stress; however, displaying the behaviors of helping others would not lead to overload and job stress. Therefore, from the perspective of employees, while displaying OCBs satisfy the instrumental motives, but it may result in disadvantages for themselves.
Books on the topic "Examination of OAB"
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Education, Ontario Ministry of. Criteria for the design of the examination and the evaluation of student responses in OAC economics: OAC teacher in-service program : draft handbook. [Toronto]: The Ministry, 1989.
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Education, Ontario Ministry of. Teacher In-Service Program: Evaluation in OAC chemistry handbook. [Toronto]: The Ministry, 1989.
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Hemingway's education, a re-examination: Oak Park High School and the legacy of Principal Hanna. Lewiston, N.Y: Edwin Mellen Press, 2008.
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Peters, J. A. Earth, oak and thatch: a revival?: An examination of new building using historic techniques in East Anglia. Oxford: Oxford Brookes University, 1997.
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Reform, United States Congress House Committee on Government. Justice for all: An examination of the District of Columbia juvenile justice system : hearing before the Committee on Government Reform, House of Representatives, One Hundred Ninth Congress, first session, October 28, 2005. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 2005.
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Ontario. Ministry of Education. Program Implementation and Review Branch, ed. Provincial report: OAC calculus examination review. Toronto: Ontario Ministry of Education, Program Implementation and Review Branch, 1991.
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Kaplan Test Prep and Admissions., ed. OAT. 2nd ed. New York: Kaplan Publishing, 2006.
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Tarlow, David M. OAT - Optometry Admission Test: Practice Examination #3. Datar Pub Co, 1999.
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Education, Ontario Ministry of, ed. OAC examination handbook: English : language and literature, 1991. [Toronto]: Ontario Ministry of Education, 1991.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Examination of OAB"
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Martin, R. C., D. C. Glasgow, and M. Z. Martin. "Applications of Californium-252 Neutron rradiations and Other ondestructive Examination ethods at Oak Ridge National Laboratory." In Radioanalytical Methods in Interdisciplinary Research, 88–104. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2004-0868.ch007.
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Dajko, Nathalie. "Oak Point or Dog Point?" In French on Shifting Ground, 96–116. University Press of Mississippi, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.14325/mississippi/9781496830647.003.0006.
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Chapter Six confirms the findings of chapter Five, via an examination of the dispute over the name of the town that is either Pointe au Chien or Pointe aux Chênes. Place naming is an important part of place-making: those who name a place are the authentic stewards of the place. The chapter traces the history of the confusion and shows that the long-standing dispute seems to pattern along ethnic lines today. However, via an examination of many factors, including the linguistic landscape, storytelling, and a consideration of semantics, it becomes clear that both groups lay claim to the same space, using the same means to do so. Because place is so closely tied to personal identity, the competing goals of the two sub-groups results in the need to characterize the place differently. The dispute over the name is not a dispute over boundaries or stewardship, but rather over characterization.
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"2 OB/GYN Examinations and Evaluations." In Obstetrics and Gynecology: The Essentials of Clinical Care, edited by E. Albert Reece and Robert L. Barbieri. Stuttgart: Georg Thieme Verlag, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/b-0034-83901.
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Price-Williams, Shelley, and Florence Maätita. "Critical Examination of Tokenism and Demands of Organizational Citizenship Behavior Among Faculty Women of Color." In Navigating Micro-Aggressions Toward Women in Higher Education, 96–121. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-5942-9.ch005.
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Women of color in academia are a double minority who face extreme challenges in attaining tenure and promotion. Common challenges faculty of color experience encompass characterization of inferiority, expectations of work products that are often undefined or beyond that of peers, exposure to tokenism, and denial of access to power or authority. Faculty of color are often excessively recruited or assigned to institutional committees and projects because of their minority membership, and are also frequently sought out by students and peers of color for mentoring. These forms of organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) often go unnoticed and can be undervalued in promotional proceedings. This chapter critically examines how women of color in academia experience tokenism and how this manifests through unrealistic demands and undervalue of organizational citizenship behavior.
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"Introduction." In Advances in Library and Information Science, 1–42. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-1131-2.ch001.
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This chapter is divided into seven parts. In part one, the background context of the thesis is discussed briefly. In the following part, the thesis argument and research questions are articulated. There is examination of the theoretical background in part three. Part four briefly analyses regulatory models for OARs. In part five, a preliminary literature review and justifications for and against OA practices are addressed. Part six determines the methodology applied and the last part explains the thesis plan.
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Brugni, Talles Vianna, Luiz Paulo Fávero, Marcelo Cabus Klotzle, Antonio Carlos Figueiredo Pinto, and Aziz Xavier Beiruth. "Corporate Governance and Properties of Accounting Numbers in Brazil." In Handbook of Research on Accounting and Financial Studies, 252–75. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-2136-6.ch012.
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This chapter analyzes 30 variables of the boards of directors (BDs) and oversight boards (OBs) of 325 Brazilian companies from 2011 to 2015, including examination of 19,487 resumés of their members. With support from factor analysis, the authors performed empirical tests considering the relations between the underlying factors of BDs and the properties of Brazilian accounting numbers, controlling for ownership structure, differences in corporate governance levels, issuance of ADRs, type of auditor, presence of an OB, size, and leverage. Factors like age, board interlocking, and variable compensation arrangements are the main characteristics associated with the variations in the accounting information properties of the firms analyzed. On the other hand, characteristics such as gender diversity, existence of a controlling shareholder chairing the board, board independence, and other characteristics considered relevant in the international literature tended to lose strength when the spectrum of variables analyzed increased.
Conference papers on the topic "Examination of OAB"
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Slatkowsky-Christensen, B., N. Bellamy, and TK Kvien. "SAT0077 Examinations of the norwegain version of auscan ? a disease specific measure of hand osteoarthritis (oa)." In Annual European Congress of Rheumatology, Annals of the rheumatic diseases ARD July 2001. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and European League Against Rheumatism, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2001.452.
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Purtscher, Patrick, Simon Sheng, and Terry Dickson. "Analysis of Circumferential Welds in BWRs for Life Beyond 60." In ASME 2015 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2015-45836.
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This paper describes the probabilistic fracture mechanics (PFM) analyzes of the conditional probability of failure (CPF) due to brittle fracture of circumferential welds (CW) from a cold overpressurize event in boiling water reactors (BWR) operated for 72 EFPY. This analysis used the Fracture Analysis for Vessels, Oak Ridge (FAVOR) computer code, developed at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), under United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) funding. Two typical vessel configurations and the associated material properties for the beltline materials, CW, axial welds (AW), and plates (PL) were used. The analyses consider the potential effects of different fabrication options, shop vs field. Shop-fabrication is mainly by submerged arc weld (SAW) process, while field fabrication used the shielded metal arc weld (SMAW) process. In either case, repairs would have required the SMAW process. The calculations show that field-fabricated vessels would have a slight increase in the CPF compared to shop-fabricated vessels, but the assumed fraction of repair welds was more significant than the fabrication option. The details demonstrate the relative importance of surface-breaking flaws vs. embedded flaws for the assumed transient. The results confirm the conclusions from the original analysis from BWRVIP-05 and BWRVIP-74, the CPF for CW is orders of magnitude less than that of PL and AW regions of the vessel; therefore, the ASME Code-required volumetric examinations of the CW every 10 years as part of the in-service inspection (ISI) program does not change the overall CPF for the vessel. In all the cases analyzed, the total CPF values of the BWRs for 72 EFPY are below the goal for safe operation.
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Olson, Jesse T., and Jonathan Cagan. "A Collaborative Team-Based Approach to Computational Configuration Design: Initial Results." In ASME 2003 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2003/dtm-48664.
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This paper investigates the role and potential of team collaboration in computational design algorithms. Organizational studies have shown that effectively structuring available resources and knowledge can significantly improve a system’s collective computational capacity, flexibility, and efficiency, and thereby improve problem-solving capacity. Nevertheless, studies in computational distributed problem solving rarely take organizational effects into account. Based on findings in the Organizational Behavior (OB) literature, a computational model of collaborative team-based design is created. This model is tested on a bulk manufacturing process-planning problem previously examined in the literature. The performance of the new team method showed significant improvement: solution quality improved 65% and successful solution identification per unit time increased an entire order of magnitude. A statistical examination of critical algorithm components confirms that agent interdependencies associated with collaboration are the strongest and most consistent performance effects that lead to the observed improvements. This study illustrates that team collaboration can be a highly effective method of improving computation design performance.
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More, Karren L., Peter F. Tortorelli, Tania Bhatia, and G. D. Linsey. "Evaluating the Stability of BSAS-Based EBCs in High Water-Vapor Pressure Environments." In ASME Turbo Expo 2004: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2004-53863.
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Barium Strontium Aluminosilicate (BSAS)-based environmental barrier coatings (EBCs) have been used successfully to protect the surface of Si-based fiber-reinforced ceramic-matrix composite (CMC) combustor liners in Solar Turbines Centaur 50S gas turbine engines. Two such EBC/CMC combustor liner sets were engine-exposed for times > 14,000h. However, extensive microstructural characterization of the EBC/CMC liners after the long-term engine exposures showed a significant loss/recession of the BSAS-based EBC. The mechanisms by which BSAS recession occurs and the rate at which the BSAS recesses as a function of pressure, gas velocity, temperature, etc. are not fully understood but such information will be necessary for improving the life to >15,000h in order for the materials to be acceptable for use in an engine application. To this end, the thermochemical stabilities of candidate EBCs are being evaluated analytically and experimentally at very high H2O pressures in a high-temperature, high-pressure furnace (Oak Ridge National Laboratory’s “Keiser Rig”). Calculations based on generalized volatility reactions and mass flux of volatilized species have shown that high H2O pressures can be used to compensate for the low gas-flow velocities in the Keiser Rig. An examination of the phase stability/volatilization of state-of-the-art EBC compositions (Ba- and Sr-based aluminosilicates) has been conducted through equilibrium thermodynamic calculations and initial experiments to validate assumptions via Keiser Rig exposures of the same EBC formulations conducted at 1250°C and 20 atm H2O.
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LeBlanc, David. "Molten Salt Reactors: A New Beginning for an Old Idea." In 17th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone17-75388.
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Molten Salt Reactors have seen a marked resurgence of interest over the past decade, highlighted by their inclusion as one of six Generation IV reactor types. The most active development period however was between the late 1950s and early 1970s at Oak Ridge National Laboratories (ORNL) and any new re-examination of this concept must bear in mind the far different priorities then in place. High breeding ratios and short doubling times were paramount and this guided the evolution of the Molten Salt Breeder Reactor (MSBR) program. As the inherent advantages of the Molten Salt concept have become apparent to an increasing number of researchers worldwide it is important to not simply look to continue where ORNL left off but to return to basics in order to offer the best design using updated goals and abilities. A prime example being the trend towards removal of graphite moderation from the central core, as evident in recent French work on the Thorium Molten Salt Reactor (TMSR) and Russian efforts towards the Molten Salt Actinide Recycler and Transmuter (MOSART). Another major change to the traditional Single Fluid, Molten Salt Breeder Reactor (MSBR) design and the primary subject of this presentation is a return to the mode of operation that ORNL had in mind for the majority of its MSR program. That being the Two Fluid design in which separate salts are used for fissile 233UF4 and fertile ThF4. Oak Ridge abandoned this promising route due to what was known as the “plumbing problem”. It will be shown that a simple yet crucial modification to core geometry can in fact solve this problem and allow the great advantages of the Two Fluid design that ORNL had sought for many years. It will also be shown that this updated design can be started on Low Enriched Uranium with a simple transition to a pure Th-233U cycle which removes the need for shipping proliferation sensitive material and relieves the constrictions on large scale start up due to limited supplies of Pu or 233U. In addition, another promising route laid out by ORNL was simplified Single Fluid converter reactors that could obtain far superior lifetime uranium utilization than LWR or CANDU without the need for any fuel processing beyond simple chemistry control. Updates and potential improvements to this attractive concept will also be explored.
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Nanstad, Randy K., and Mikhail A. Sokolov. "Fracture Toughness of Stainless Steel Cladding for Evaluation of the Degraded Davis-Besse RPV Head." In ASME 2006 Pressure Vessels and Piping/ICPVT-11 Conference. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2006-icpvt-11-93308.
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Boric acid attack in the reactor pressure vessel (RPV) head of the Davis-Besse (D-B) nuclear plant led to wastage through the 150-mm low alloy steel head such that the stainless steel cladding was exposed. The Heavy-Section Steel Technology (HSST) Program at Oak Ridge National Laboratory was commissioned by the Nuclear Regulatory Commission to conduct a program of testing and analysis to enable an evaluation of the structural significance of cladding defects found in the wastage cavity of the D-B head. The overall test program consisted of material characterization at 316°C (600°F) of cladding materials, pressure vessel burst tests of cladding discs with and without flaws, and extensive analytical studies. Three different cladding materials were tested and evaluated, one from an unused commercial RPV that was used for the clad-burst experiments, an archival cladding previously used for various experimental and irradiation experiments, and the cladding from the D-B head. This paper compares and discusses the fracture toughness test results conducted with the three claddings, and the fractographic analyses conducted on the clad-burst discs. Comparison of J-resistance curves for the three clad materials shows significant material variability and disparity in the results from two test specimen types. Fractographic examinations of clad-burst discs showed transition from ductile tearing to shear mode of fracture. The relationship of the cladding test results with the clad-burst results is discussed.
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Dickson, T. L., and F. A. Simonen. "The Impact of an Improved Flaw Model on a Pressurized Thermal Shock Evaluation." In ASME 2002 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2002-1360.
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The current regulations for pressurized thermal shock (PTS) were derived from computational models that were developed in the early-mid 1980s. The computational models utilized in the 1980s conservatively postulated that all fabrication flaws in reactor pressure vessels (RPVs) were inner-surface breaking flaws. It was recognized at that time that flaw-related data had the greatest level of uncertainty of the inputs required for the probabilistic-based PTS evaluations. To reduce this uncertainty, the United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission (USNRC) has in the past few years supported research at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) to perform extensive nondestructive and destructive examination of actual RPV materials. Such measurements have been used to characterize the number, size, and location of flaws in various types of welds and the base metal used to fabricate RPVs. The USNRC initiated a comprehensive project in 1999 to re-evaluate the current PTS regulations. The objective of the PTS Re-evaluation program has been to incorporate advancements and refinements in relevant technologies (associated with the physics of PTS events) that have been developed since the current regulations were derived. There have been significant improvements in the computational models for thermal hydraulics, probabilistic risk assessment (PRA), human reliability analysis (HRA), materials embrittlement effects on fracture toughness, and fracture mechanics methodology. However, the single largest advancement has been the development of a technical basis for the characterization of fabrication-induced flaws. The USNRC PTS-Revaluation program is ongoing and is expected to be completed in 2002. As part of the PTS Re-evaluation program, the updated risk-informed computational methodology as implemented into the FAVOR (Fracture Analysis of Vessels: Oak Ridge) computer code, including the improved PNNL flaw characterization, was recently applied to a domestic commercial pressurized water reactor (PWR). The objective of this paper is to apply the same updated computational methodology to the same PWR, except utilizing the 1980s flaw model, to isolate the impact of the improved PNNL flaw characterization on the PTS analysis results. For this particular PWR, the improved PNNL flaw characterization significantly reduced the frequency of RPV failure, i.e., by between one and two orders of magnitude.
Reports on the topic "Examination of OAB"
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Robertson, Janet, and Alta Marie Williams. Post Irradiation Examination Capabilities for Structural and Non-fuel Materials at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1073678.
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