Academic literature on the topic 'Excavations (Archaeology) Indonesia Gilimanuk'

AbstractThe study of ancient human migration and peopling in Indonesia still raises debate until now, both from the perspective of biological anthropology, human genetics or archaeological. The debate was always open space again to do some research about that. We concentrated with samples of ancient Bali, the findings of human remains from Gilimanuk (Melaya, Jembrana) and Semawang (Sanur, Denpasar). Relatively, Bali is an island located in the centre of Indonesian Archipelago, which may represent a major pathway of human migration and distribution according to the outer arc islands. The research aimed to describe human genetic variation of the two archeological sites of ancient Bali. Based locus short tandem repeats (STR) combined DNA index system (CODIS), which CSF1PO, TH01 and TP0X, the research took a sample of six individual human ancient Bali, which includes each of the three individual from Semawang and Gilimanuk site. The process of genetic research has been done at the Institute of Tropical Disease Laboratory of Human Genetics, Airlangga University. Semawang and Gilimanuk derived from different populations based on the analysis of its CTT loci visualization. The results with reference to all possible aspects of archaeology and biological anthropology further enrich the wealth of knowledge about human migration events in Indonesia around the Neolithic period, the early times of increasingly massive mongoloid migrations to the Archipelago region. The results also further strengthen the results of previous genetic studies of Bali population. Balinese has undergone a genetic mixture of various immigrant populations since the Neolithic period.AbstrakPenelitian migrasi dan penghunian manusia kuno di Indonesia masih memunculkan perdebatan sampai kini, baik dari perspektif antropologi biologis, genetika manusia atau arkeologis. Perdebatan itu selalu membuka ruang lagi untuk melakukan penelitian perihal itu. Kali ini kami berkonsentrasi dengan sampel Bali Kuno, yakni temuan sisa-sisa manusia dari Gilimanuk (Melaya, Jembrana) dan Semawang (Sanur, Denpasar). Bali merupakan pulau yang relatif terletak di tengah gugusan kepulauan Indonesia, di mana dapat mewakili jalur besar migrasi dan persebaran manusia seturut rute pulau-pulau busur luarnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan variasi genetik manusia kuno dari dua situs arkeologis Bali itu. Berdasarkan lokus short tandem repeats (STR) combined DNA index system (CODIS), yakni CSF1PO, TH01 dan TP0X, penelitian ini mengambil sampel enam individu manusia Bali Kuno, yang meliputi masing-masing tiga individu Semawang dan Gilimanuk. Proses penelitian genetik itu telah dikerjakan di Laboratory of Human Genetics, Institute of Tropical Disease, Universitas Airlangga. Sampel Semawang dan Gilimanuk berasal dari populasi yang berbeda berdasarkan analisis visualisasi lokus CTT-nya. Hasil penelitian ini dengan merujuk semua kemungkinan aspek arkeologis dan antropologi biologisnya makin memperkaya khazanah pengetahuan tentang peristiwa migrasi manusia di Indonesia sekitar masa Neolitik, yang menjadi masa awal makin masifnya migrasi Mongoloid ke kawasan Nusantara. Hasil penelitian ini juga makin menguatkan hasil-hasil penelitian genetika populasi Bali sebelumnya bahwa populasi Bali dari sejak Neolitik sampai sekitar masa yang lebih resen diturunkan oleh banyak leluhur atau banyak sumber gen. Penduduk Bali telah mengalami percampuran genetik dari berbagai populasi pendatang sejak Neolitik atau awal Tarikh Masehi.

This article is written based on the results of several archaeological investigations carried out by the National Research and Development Centre of Archaeology in prehistoric caves, in the Rotendao Regency on the Island of Rote, the Province of East Nusa Tenggara between 2006 - 2009. The investigations were focused on Mbia Hudale, Bafak, and Bote caves which are assumed to have prolific archaeological remains. Excavations on these caves reveal traces of human occupation dated back to Late Pleistocene - Holocene epoch. This is evident in the abundance of cultural remains found in these sites, such as plain and decorated potteries, mollusk shells, jewelry (beads) made of shell, lithic stone flakes and blades, as well as faunal remains. Not a single human bone was found during the excavations. Furthermore, archaeological surveys conducted in this area have identified 18 potential caves and rockshelters, as well as a Palaeolithic opensite which are scattered within 8 districts. The results of the researches suggest that prehistoric caves in the Island of Rote are potential and prospective in illuminating prehistoric human migration and cultural processes that took place in the eastern part of Indonesia during Late Pleistocene until Holocene epoch.

There are few frontiers from later periods whose archaeology is more beguiling than the east African coast. To the east are the sea-routes of the Indian Ocean, to the Islamic world, to India, to Indonesia, to China. To the west are the distinctive cultures of medieval Africa. And on the coast are the settlements where the east and the west touch. This paper works towards the wider issue of circum-maritime cultures from a single find from the new excavations at Shanga which have revealed mosques of a remarkably early date.

Abstract. Traces of Persian Culture at Barrus. From the middle of the first millenium C.E., or even before, Barus has been known as a trading mart for camphor and gold.Archaeological researches conducted in Barus from 1995 until 2005, as part of the cooperation program between The National Research and Development Centre of Archaeology, Indonesia and École française d'Extrême-Orient (EFEO), highlight the ancient relation between Persia and the Indonesia archipelago.A number of artefacts coming for Persia, made of stone and glass, as well as pottery, were collected during the excavations of the Lobu Tua site (mid-9th c.-end of the 11th c). Although analyses of the finds collected during the excavations at the Bukit Hasang site ( 12th c- beg. of the 16th c.) arenot completed yet, it is clear that at that time Barus experienced a great decline in the use of objects made of permanent material coming from the Middle East. But two inscribed tombstones, dating to the end of the 14th c. and to beginning of the 15th c, using Persian language or grammar prove that relation with Persia were not completely severed.Abstrak. Barus terkenal dari Asia Barat sampai Cina sebagai tempat perdagangan kuno untuk kamper dan emas sejak paling tidak pertengahan milenium pertama Masehi. Penelitian arkeologi yang telah dijalankan dari tahun 1995 hingga tahun 2005 di Barus, dalam rangka kerjasama Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Arkeologi Nasional dengan École française d'Extrême-Orient (EFEO), menunjukkan hubungan yang berlangsung lama antara Persia dan Nusantara.Ekskavasi di situs Lobu Tua khususnya menghasilkan sejumlah artefak asal Persia dari batu dan kaca, serta sejumlah pecahan tembikar yang dipakai di Barus antara pertengahan abad ke-9 M dan akhir abad ke-I 1. Walaupun analisis mengenai hasil penggalian di situs Bukit Hasang (abad ke-12 hingga awal abad ke-16) belum selesai, sudah jelas bahwa pemakaian benda-benda permanen asal wilayah Timur Tengah pada umumnya menurun drastis di situs tersebut dibandingkan dengan Lobu Tua. Tetapi dua batu nisan dari akhir abad ke-14 dan awal abad ke-15, yang bertuliskan bahasa Persia atau menggunakan tata bahasa Persia, merupakan bukti bahwa hubungan dengan Persia tidak putus sama sekali.

This study is directed to recover some behavioural aspects of a prehistoric stone adze workshop site, the Bomo-Teleng, in East Java, Indonesia. In doing so, geomorphological reconnais­ sance and systematic archaeological survey were conducted on the site. Abundant archaeological material was discovered and its patterned distribution was recorded during the fieldwork. The sequence of activities involved in stone adze production was reconstructed based on analysis of raw materials, blanks, preforms, and stone debitage collected from the site or recorded in situ. Spatial analysis considering transformational processes conducted on the site reveals its spatial organisation. It is apparent that the whole complex of stages involved in stone adze manufacture, from raw material acquisition to finishing, took place on the site. However, distinct activity areas could be recognised within it. The upper part of the site, where the likely raw material source was encountered, seems to be used mainly for raw material acquisition and blank preparation areas, whereas the lover part was used more for the final manufacturing of preforms into ready-to-use polished stone adzes. Finally, a comparative study of five stone adze workshop sites in the Pacific region was undertaken. This study demonstrates the differences and similarities in spatial organisation, raw material acquisition, manufacturing processes, and variability of stone adze types between the site.