Academic literature on the topic 'Excess profits'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the lists of relevant articles, books, theses, conference reports, and other scholarly sources on the topic 'Excess profits.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Journal articles on the topic "Excess profits"
1
Osborne, Martin J., and Carolyn Pitchik. "Cartels, Profits and Excess Capacity." International Economic Review 28, no. 2 (June 1987): 413. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2526734.
Full text
2
KALECKI., M. "EXCESS PROFITS TAX AND GOVERNMENT CONTRACTS." Bulletin of the Oxford University Institute of Economics & Statistics 4, no. 2 (May 1, 2009): 40–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0084.1942.mp4002002.x.
Full text
3
KALECKI, M. "EXCESS PROFITS TAX AND POST-WAR RE-EQUIPMENT." Bulletin of the Oxford University Institute of Economics & Statistics 6, no. 4 (May 1, 2009): 58–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0084.1944.mp6004002.x.
Full text
4
Keefer, Philip. "Protection Against a Capricious State: French Investment and Spanish Railroads, 1845–1875." Journal of Economic History 56, no. 1 (March 1996): 170–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022050700016065.
Full textAbstract:
Infrastructure construction is often associated with excessive, even corrupt, profits. This article argues that construction profits earned in Spanish railroads in the mid-nineteenth century were a response to the lack of credibility of the Spanish state. It also makes the first attempt to document excess construction profits in Spanish railroads by demonstrating, for example, financial links between railroad stockholders and the providers of construction goods and services and by directly estimating construction profits. The estimated excess construction profits only provided railroad entrepreneurs with a normal rate of return to their entire railroad-related investments.
5
Zhang, Ge Fu, and Dong Hui Wang. "Cooperative Pricing of Apparel Supply Chain Based on API." Applied Mechanics and Materials 58-60 (June 2011): 28–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.58-60.28.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this paper is to construct a multi-objective optimization model for cooperative pricing in the management of apparel supply chain. Firstly, by using Apparel Popularity Index (API) model, a kind of pricing model for supply chain has been built. Then, by introducing cooperation and other constraint conditions, a kind of cooperative pricing model was constructed. This model is a kind of Stackelberg game. The manufacturer and the retailer obtained their excess profits through the game. Lastly, this paper gave a numerical example which demonstrated that the excess profit of the cooperative supply chain was constant, and when the constraint conditions changed, the excess profit space would change at the meantime. This research result can help partners on apparel supply chain to practice Quick Response strategy.
6
Resende, Marcelo. "Profit persistence in Brazil: a panel data study." Estudos Econômicos (São Paulo) 36, no. 1 (March 2006): 115–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0101-41612006000100005.
Full textAbstract:
The paper investigates the persistence of profits for industrial firms in Brazil during the periods 1986-98 and 1994-1/1999-3. A simple theoretical framework justifies an autoregressive formulation for excess profits. A strong form of persistence can then be related to the presence of a unit root. Recently developed panel data unit tests enable the consideration of short time periods. The results thus obtained for two different measures of excess profitability mostly favour the presence of a unit root. Therefore, despite an apparently more competitive environment in the Brazilian economy one can still observe extremely persistent profits.
7
KALECKI., M. "NOTES ON FINANCE: 1. THE EXCESS PROFITS TAX AND EFFICIENCY." Bulletin of the Oxford University Institute of Economics & Statistics 3, no. 3 (May 1, 2009): 51–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0084.1941.mp3003005.x.
Full text
8
Wu, Shu Qin. "Application of Shapley Value Method in Profits Allocation of Cooperation of Enterprises, Colleges and Institutes." Applied Mechanics and Materials 40-41 (November 2010): 425–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.40-41.425.
Full textAbstract:
Cooperation of enterprises, colleges and institutes in essence is the management of knowledge supply chain. The cooperation can bring about excess earnings, with fair and reasonable profit allocation playing the role of power mechanism which facilitates cooperation of partners. We adopt a method that combines qualitative and quantitative research and establishes the profit allocation mechanism bonding cooperation of enterprises, colleges and institutes. Empirical analysis of cooperation profits allocation methods are carried out with the application of Shapley value.
9
ILOMÄKI, JUKKA. "RISK-FREE RATES AND ANIMAL SPIRITS IN FINANCIAL MARKETS." Annals of Financial Economics 11, no. 03 (September 2016): 1650011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2010495216500111.
Full textAbstract:
We show analytically that animal spirit excess profits for uninformed investors fall (increase) when the risk-free rate rises (falls). In the theoretical analysis, we examine the expected returns of risk-averse, short-lived investors. In addition, we find empirically that the local risk-free rates explain 14% of the changes in the animal spirit excess profits in the global stock markets for the last 29 years when the animal spirits is characterized as a product of the trend-chasing rule.
10
Chen, Junlong, Yajie Wang, and Jiali Liu. "Capacity Choice and Government Regulation in a Vertical Industry." Engineering Economics 31, no. 5 (December 10, 2020): 513–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.ee.31.5.25302.
Full textAbstract:
This paper sets up an industry competition model consisting of two upstream enterprises and two downstream enterprises. Then we rely on the model to explore how non-regulation and different regulatory policies (maximizing the total profits of the upstream enterprises, the social welfare of the upstream industry or the overall social welfare) affect the following factors: the excess capacity, enterprise profits, consumer surpluses, social welfare in the upstream and downstream enterprises and the overall social welfare. The following conclusions are drawn from our research. First, whether and how the government regulates the capacity choice greatly affect the equilibrium outcomes, as well as the welfare distribution among the upstream enterprises, downstream enterprises, and consumers. The specific effects are dependent on market demand and enterprise cost. Second, the government should formulate its regulatory policies on capacity choice based on the overall social welfare of the entire supply chain. If the government aims to maximize the profits of the upstream enterprises, the social welfare of the downstream industry will be negatively affected. Third, excess capacity does not necessarily suppress social welfare. Under certain conditions, the worst scenario of excess capacity may occur under the pursuit of the maximal overall social welfare. Excess capacity may arise from various causes, rather than market competition or government regulation alone. Excess capacity cannot be attributed solely to government failure. These conclusions have some significance for optimizing capacity regulation policies.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Excess profits"
1
Shan, Liwei. "Board independence, excess cash and corporate payout policy /." view abstract or download file of text, 2006. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?index=0&did=1196409441&SrchMode=1&sid=1&Fmt=2&VInst=PROD&VType=PQD&RQT=309&VName=PQD&TS=1176828116&clientId=11238.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2006.Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 104-109). Also available for download via the World Wide Web; free to University of Oregon users.
2
Neves, Mujica Javier. "An excuse to think in the General Theory of Labour Law: The necessity to demand payment of profits." IUS ET VERITAS, 2017. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/123144.
Full textAbstract:
This article addresses the antinomy concerning to profit sharing to the workers. Through an analysis of the classic criteria of antinomy solutions and particulars of the Labour Law, the author recognize the prevalence of the classic criteria.El presente artículo aborda la antinomia referente al pago de utilidades a los trabajadores. Realizando un análisis sobre los criterios de solución de antinomias clásicas y particulares del Derecho del Trabajo, el autor reconoce la prevalencia de los criterios clásicos.
3
Ökvist, Alice, and Majda Cirkic. "Managing Profit Oriented Key Performance Indicators : A case study about how profit related KPIs can be managed in order to reach and excel profitability goals." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för ekonomi, samhälle och teknik, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-30942.
Full text
4
Clausén, Gabriella. "Do profitable banks with a solid capital base have a higher ratio of capital buffer? : Reviewing the impact of regulation, the previous financial crisis and banks own incentives of having excess capital." Thesis, KTH, Entreprenörskap och Innovation, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-131290.
Full textAbstract:
The financial crisis starting in mid-2007 is still affecting us, and with increased regulation banks and institutions are supposed to get more solvent and the industry to become more stable. The Basel Committee is working towards more unified regulation across countries, but the question is how the increased regulation is affecting banks financials. Do profitable banks with a solid capital base have a higher ratio of capital buffer? Looking at banks in 16 OECD countries during the period 1993-2009, with country-level panel-data displayed in two simultaneous equation estimations illustrating how profit and capital buffer has changed during these years, and the relation between them. To get an understanding of how the crisis affected these variables the regressions are also done for a pre-crisis period of 1993-2006. Internal funding variables and other economic control variables are explanatory variables and results show the internal funding variables have a large effect on profit and for capital buffer profit have the largest impact. Results imply that profitable banks with a solid capital base do have a higher ratio of capital buffer. The results coincide with the franchise value theory which is applied in the paper.
5
Zacarias, Alda Isabel Pinto. "Efeitos de um programa de exercício físico no perfil lipídico e gordura abdominal em crianças com excesso de peso ou obesidade." Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/15054.
Full textAbstract:
Objectivo: Esta investigação tem como principal objetivo o estudo dos efeitos de um programa de exercício físico no perfil lipídico e gordura abdominal em crianças com excesso de peso ou obesidade.
Metodologia: A amostra é constituída por 33 crianças, 17 rapazes e 16 raparigas, com média de idades de 10,71 anos. A %MG abdominal foi avaliada através de DXA, o perfil lipídico por meio de análises bioquímicas, e a avaliação do dispêndio energético com recurso à acelerometria. O programa de exercício teve características predominantemente aeróbias, com duração de 60 minutos cada sessão, em 2 dias da semana, ao longo de 8 meses.
Resultados: Não foram encontrados resultados estatisticamente significativos nas variáveis estudadas.
Conclusões: O programa de exercício aplicado, duas vezes por semana, durante oito meses, não influenciou significativamente, o perfil lipídico e a gordura abdominal em crianças obesas; ABSTRACT:Objective: The main objective of this research is the study of the effects of an exercise program on lipid profile and abdominal fat, in overweight or obese children.
Methods: The sample consisted of 33 children, 17 males and 16 females, with an average age of 10,71. The abdominal %FM was assessed by DXA, the lipid profile through biochemical analysis, and evaluation of energy expenditure using accelerometry. The exercise program had predominantly aerobic features, each session lasting 60 minutes, 2 days per week, over a period of 8 months.
Results: No statistically significant results were found in the studied variables.
Conclusions: The exercise program applied twice a week for eight months did not significantly affect the lipid profile and abdominal fat in obese children.
6
Souza, Wysllenny Nascimento de. "Concentrações séricas de 25 (OH) e perfil metabólico mediados pela adiposidade." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/6/6138/tde-12042016-145255/.
Full textAbstract:
Introdução: Baixas concentrações séricas de hidroxivitamina D (25[OH]D) e o excesso de peso atingiram níveis epidêmicos em todo o mundo. Estudos relatam que concentrações séricas de vitamina D estão associadas às alterações lipídicas, glicolíticas e inflamatórias; e estas alterações são conhecidamente mediadas pela adiposidade. Dessa forma, a vitamina D pode atuar de forma benéfica sobre o perfil metabólico em adolescentes, adultos e idosos. Objetivo: Investigar e descrever as associações entre as concentrações séricas de 25(OH)D e o perfil metabólico, mediadas pela adiposidade em adolescentes, adultos e idosos. Metodologia: Inicialmente, foi utilizada subamostra do Inquérito de Saúde de São Paulo (ISA-Capital), estudo transversal, de base populacional (n=281), para investigar a associação entre as concentrações séricas de vitamina D e marcadores inflamatórios em adultos brasileiros. Posteriormente, foram utilizados dados do estudo Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescents-(HELENA), estudo multicêntrico transversal da população de adolescentes européia, com o intuito de avaliar as alterações nos marcadores lipídicos e de homeostase da glicose mediados pela deficiência de vitamina D e obesidade. Finalmente, foi analisada a amostra do estudo PHYSMED, um estudo transversal com idosos não institucionalizados para verificar associações entre concentrações séricas de vitamina D, perfil lipídico e composição corporal em idosos espanhóis aparentemente saudáveis. Resultados: Nos adultos, observou-se uma associação negativa entre as concentrações de TNF-alfa e de IL-6 e as concentrações séricas de 25(OH)D em indivíduos com peso normal. Nos adolescentes, as concentrações de 25(OH)D foram associadas de forma independente e positiva com o Quantitative Insulin Sensitivity Check Index-QUICKI (p <0.001) e negativamente associada com o IMC (p <0.05). Também foi observado que o aumento do IMC esteve associado com um aumento de 1.93 vezes maior chance de deficiência de vitamina D (IC de 95 por cento = 1.03 - 3.62; p = 0.040). Em idosos, verificou-se que as concentrações séricas de 25(OH)D foram associadas com o IMC (p = 0.04), a circunferência da cintura (p = 0.004), CT/HDL-c (p = 0.026) e o HDL-c (p = 0.001). Adicionalmente, foi observado que idosos com concentrações de HDL-c <40mg/dl possuíam 1.7 vezes maior chance de apresentarem deficiência de vitamina D em comparação com aqueles que possuíam concentrações de HDL-c >40 mg/dl (95 por cento IC = 1.10 a 2.85; p = 0.017) e o aumento na circunferência da cintura também foi associado com um maior risco de deficiência de vitamina D (95 por cento IC =0.96-1.00; p = 0.04). Conclusão: A composição corporal interage com as concentrações de 25(OH)D modulando a resposta inflamatória, à homeostase da glicose e também o perfil lipídico. Indivíduos sem deficiência de vitamina D apresentam melhor perfil metabólico e também melhor composição, sugerindo que a suficiência de vitamina D pode ter um papel importante nas condições metabólicas mediadas pela adiposidade.Introduction: Low serum of hydroxyvitamin D (25 [OH] D) and excess weight reached epidemic levels in worldwide. Studies have reported that vitamin D serum concentrations are associated with lipid, glycolytic and inflammatory alterations; and these alterations are known to be mediated by adiposity. Thus, vitamin D may have a benefic action on the metabolic profile in adolescents, adults and elderly. Objective: To investigate and describe the associations between 25(OH)D concentrations and the metabolic profile mediated by adiposity in adolescents, adults and elderly. Methods: Initially, was used a subsample from the Health Survey of São Paulo (HS-SP), cross-sectional, population-based study (n = 281), to investigate the association between vitamin D concentrations and inflammatory biomarkers in Brazilian adults. Later, was used data from Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescents study - (HELENA), cross-sectional and multicenter study of the European adolescents, in order to evaluate the alterations in lipid markers and glucose homeostasis mediated by vitamin D deficiency and obesity. Finally, was analyzed the sample from PHYSMED study, a cross-sectional study with non-institutionalized elderly, to examine associations between vitamin D concentration, lipid profile and body composition in apparently healthy elderly Spanish. Results: In adults, a negative association was observed between the concentrations of TNF-alpha and IL-6 and serum 25(OH) D in normal weight subjects. In adolescents, the 25(OH) D concentration was associated positive and independently with QUICKI (p <0.001) and negatively associated with BMI (p <0.05). It was also observed that increasing BMI was associated with an increase of 1.93 times odds of vitamin D deficiency (95 per cent CI = 1.3 - 3.62; p = 0.040). In the elderly, it was found that serum of 25(OH) D was associated with the BMI (p = 00:04), waist circumference (p = 0.004), TC/HDL-c ratio (p = 0.026) and HDL -c (p = 0.001). Additionally, it was observed that elderly patients with HDL-c <40mg/dl had 1.7 times odds to develop vitamin D deficiency compared to those had concentrations of HDL-c> 40 mg / dl (95 per cent CI = 1.10 to 2.85 ; p = 0.017) and increases in waist circumference was also associated with an increased risk of vitamin D deficiency (95 per cent CI = 0.96-1.00; P = 0.04). Conclusion: Body composition interacts with 25(OH) D concentrations modulating the inflammatory response, glucose homeostasis and also the lipid profile. Individuals without vitamin D deficiency have better metabolic profile and better body composition, suggesting that vitamin D sufficiency may have an important role in the metabolic conditions mediated by adiposity.
7
Nešpor, Radek. "Oceňování doménových jmen." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-10351.
Full textAbstract:
The goal of this graduation thesis is a proposal of domain names valuation methodology. For the purpose of valuation the domain names are divided into three classes based on the manner of generation of their utility which is the main value making factor. For the domain names class which is able to generate cash flow itself there are two income methods proposed -- DCF method and market comparison method. The domain names which serve as a marketing tool and therefore their utility is projected into incomes for products and services, are marked as class two. Their valuation is based on excess earnings method and profit premium method. The last class is the domain names whose utility is not known and neither obvious. Their valuation is made through combination of expanse and income methods in the form of point method. Model examples of valuation for each class of domain names are mentioned in the last chapter.
8
França, Jaqueline Lopes Pereira. "Porções de alimentos e número de refeições realizadas por adultos e idosos do muncípio de São Paulo: relação com excesso de peso e perfil lipídico." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/6/6138/tde-03112014-131343/.
Full textAbstract:
Introdução: As contribuições do tamanho das porções dos alimentos e do número de refeições realizadas por dia para o aumento da prevalência do excesso de peso e para alterações no perfil lipídico em populações consumindo dieta ad libitum ainda não são bem estabelecidas, visto que a literatura apresenta resultados contraditórios. Objetivo: Avaliar a associação entre porções dos alimentos e o número de refeições realizadas com o excesso de peso e o perfil lipídico de adultos e idosos residentes do município de São Paulo. Métodos: Foram utilizados dados do estudo transversal de base populacional ISA - Capital 2008, referentes à amostra probabilística de residentes do município de São Paulo com 20 anos ou mais, de ambos os sexos. As informações, como dados socioeconômicos, antropométricos, de estilo de vida e inquérito alimentar, foram coletadas entre 2008 e 2010 por meio de visitas domiciliares e inquérito telefônico. No primeiro manuscrito da presente dissertação, os 1042 indivíduos foram classificados segundo o Índice de Massa Corporal (IMC) em duas categorias: com e sem excesso de peso. Dados de consumo alimentar foram obtidos por dois recordatórios alimentares de 24 horas (R24h). Os alimentos citados foram classificados em grupos e avaliados. Foi calculada a mediana da porção, percentual de relato e contribuição energética para homens e mulheres com e sem excesso de peso. Modelos de regressão logística foram utilizados para avaliar a associação entre o tamanho das porções de alimentos e o excesso de peso. No segundo manuscrito, foram utilizadas informações de 521 adultos e idosos que possuíam dados do perfil lipídico e o segundo R24h e não utilizavam hipocolesterolêmicos. Os indivíduos foram categorizados de acordo com o número de refeições realizadas ao longo de um dia: menos que três; três; mais que três refeições. Medianas e intervalos interquartis foram utilizados para descrever variáveis contínuas não-paramétricas e testes de tendência e Kruskal-Wallis foram utilizados para comparar esses valores entre as categorias de número de refeições. 9 Frequências das variáveis categóricas foram descritas e comparadas por testes quiquadrado de Pearson. Modelos lineares generalizados foram utilizados para avaliar a associação entre número de refeições e excesso de peso e, também, para ajustar as variáveis lipídicas segundo variáveis de confundimento, como IMC, idade, entre outras. As médias dos preditos gerados a partir dos modelos de cada uma das variáveis lipídicas foram comparadas entre as categorias de número de refeições por análise de variância e teste de tendência. Resultados: Foram observadas associações positivas entre o excesso de peso e os tamanhos de porção dos seguintes alimentos: arroz (p=0,003), bolos (p=0,050), pães (p=0,028), pizza (p=0,008) e salgados (p=0,012) após o ajuste pelas variáveis de controle. Menores valores de IMC (p=0,013) e de circunferência de cintura (p=0,004) foram observados nos indivíduos que consomem mais que três refeições por dia em relação aos que consomem menos que três. O consumo energético aumentou (p=0,001) enquanto a densidade energética da dieta diminuiu (phomens=0,01; pmulheres=0,032) com o aumento da categoria de refeições. Entre as mulheres, foram observados valores maiores de TG (p=0,038) e menores de HDL-col (p=0,049) na categoria que consome até três refeições. Conclusões: O tamanho da porção de alguns grupos de alimentos foi associado positivamente ao excesso de peso, enquanto nenhum grupo de alimento de baixa densidade energética foi relacionado inversamente. O número de refeições associou-se inversamente ao IMC e à circunferência de cintura na população estudada quando a ingestão energética se manteve constante. Contudo, o perfil lipídico apresentou-se melhor apenas no sexo feminino, quando o número de refeições foi maior. O controle do tamanho da porção de determinados alimentos e do número de refeições pode auxiliar na prevenção e controle do excesso de peso.Introduction: The contribution of food portion sizes and eating frequency to the rising prevalence of overweight and to lipid profile changes in populations consuming ad libitum diet is not well established, as contradictory results are presented in literature. Objective: Verify the association between food portion sizes, eating frequency, being overweight and lipid profile in a representative population sample of adults and elderly in São Paulo. Methods: The study considered data from cross-sectional population-based ISA-Capital 2008 with random sample of residents of São Paulo aged above 20 years and both sexes. Socioeconomic, anthropometric, lifestyle and diet information was collected between 2008 and 2010 in personal or phone interviews. In the first article of this dissertation, 1042 individuals were classified according to Body Mass Index (BMI) into two categories: with and without excess body weight. Food consumption data were obtained by two 24-hour food recall (R24h). The reported foods were classified into groups and evaluated. The median portion, reported percentage and energy contribution for men and women with and without EBW were calculated. Logistic Regression models were used to evaluate the association of food portion sizes with being overweight. In the second article, data from 521 adults and elderly who had information about lipid profile, the second R24h and did not use hipocolesterolemics were used. Individuals were classified according to eating frequency: less than three; three; more than three meals a day. Medians and interquartile ranges were used to describe non-parametric continuous variables and trend tests and Kruskal-Wallis were used to compare data across eating frequency categories. Pearson chi-squared tests were used to compare frequencies of categorical variables. General Linear Models were used to evaluate the association between eating frequency and being overweight and also to adjust the lipid variables according to confounding variables, as BMI and age. The means of 11 predicts generated from each model of the lipid variables were compared across eating frequency categories using variance analysis and trend tests. Results: Positive associations were observed between overweight and the food groups: rice (p=0.003), cakes (p=0.050), breads (p=0.028), pizza (p=0.008), and salted snacks (p=0.012) after adjusting for control variables. Individuals consuming more than three meals a day presented lower values of BMI (p=0.013) and waist circumference (p=0.004) comparing to those consuming less than three meals a day. Energy intake increased (p=0.001) while energy density of the diet decreased (pmen=0.01; pwomen=0.032) when increasing the categories of eating frequency. Women consuming less than three meals a day presented higher values of triglycerides (p=0.038) and lower values of high density lipoprotein (p=0.049) than the others. Conclusions: The portion size of some food groups was positively associated with being overweight, while none of the food groups with low energy density was negatively associated. Eating frequency was positively associated with BMI and waist circumference in this population when energy intake was constant. Lipid profile was better only for women, when eating frequency was higher. Controlling the portion size of certain foods and eating frequency can help to prevent and control excess body weight.
9
Colpo, Elisângela. "Efeitos metabólicos do consumo da castanha do brasil (Bertholletia excelsa) em humanos saudáveis." Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2014. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/4476.
Full textAbstract:
Brazil nut (Bertholletia excelsa, Lecythidaceae family) is the richest known food in selenium. Its consumption has demonstrated efficient in improving the lipid profile and the plasmatic selenium levels as well as to increase the activity of glutathione peroxidase (GPx) enzyme in humans. Thus, this study aims at evaluating the metabolic effects of a single portion of Brazil nut intake in healthy humans. It is a cross-over randomized controlled clinical trial with professedly healthy adults. A group of 10 volunteers were part of the study; they were from both sexes, coming from Santa Maria/RS, region. The volunteers who accept to take part in the study have consumed portions with different Brazil nut concentration, they were divided into four groups: 0, 5, 20 or 50 g. Each group collected blood before the nuts consumption and also 1, 3, 6, 9, 24, 48 hours, 5 and 30 after the Brazil nuts consumption. We then evaluated the oxidative stress markers with activity of the GPx and δ-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase enzymes, the selenium plasmatic levels, inflammatory markers such as pro-inflammatory cytokines: the tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), interferon gamma (INF-γ) and interleukin (IL) 1,6 and 8; and the anti-inflammatory interleukin IL-10. Besides that, it was also evaluated the blood count and the hepatic and renal markers. In the Brazil nut we analyzed the selenium concentration, fatty acids and the presence of flavonoids and phenolic compounds. Volunteers biochemical parameters were normal. The results demonstrated that Brazil nut intake significantly increased selenium plasmatic levels for the volunteers who consumed 20 and 50 g of Brazil nuts in relation to basal levels with the higher peak occurring 6 hours after the Brazil nut consumption. However, the consumption of portions with different selenium concentrations for 30 days was not enough to increase the GPx erythrocyte levels activity. The higher plasmatic selenium peak was observed 6 hours after the nuts consumption. In the same way, it was observed that the volunteers who consumed a portion of 20 or 50g of Brazil nut presented improvement in the lipid profile with reduction of total cholesterol and LDL-c and, an increase of HDL-c also 6 hours after consuming the nuts until the 30th day. And furthermore, the groups that consumed a portion of 20 or 50g of Brazil nut had their serum concentration of IL-1, TNF-α, INF-γ decreased and the anti-inflammatory interleukin IL-10 increased, starting from 9 hours after consuming the nuts until the 30th day. It was possible to observe that the consumption of a 20 or 50g portion of Brazil nut in healthy humans during a 30 days period has improved the lipid profile and the inflammatory parameters for these volunteers. We can also point that the interaction of Brazil nut compounds may have contributed for the achieved results. Nevertheless, although this study demonstrated benefic effects for the consumption of a 20 or 50g of Brazil nut in a 30 days period, it is precipitated to change the recommendation of a daily 5g Brazil nut portion. Further studies are necessary to better clarify these effects.A castanha do Brasil (Bertholletia excelsa, família Lecythidaceae) é o alimento mais rico em selênio conhecido até hoje. O seu consumo já se mostrou eficiente em melhorar o perfil lipídico e os níveis plasmáticos de selênio, além de aumentar a atividade da enzima glutationa peroxidase (GPx) em humanos. Desta forma, o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar os efeitos metabólicos do consumo de uma única porção de castanha do Brasil ao longo de 30 dias em humanos saudáveis. Tratou-se de um ensaio clínico randomizado controlado, do tipo cross-over realizado com adultos declaradamente saudáveis. Fizeram parte do estudo 10 voluntários, de ambos os sexos, provenientes da região de Santa Maria, RS. Os voluntários que aceitaram participar da pesquisa consumiram uma porção de diferentes concentrações de castanha do Brasil, sendo divididos em quatro grupos: 0, 5, 20 ou 50 g. Foi Cada grupo coletou sangue antes do consumo das castanhas e 1, 3, 6, 9, 24, 48 horas, 5 e 30 dias após o consumo de castanhas. Foram avaliados os marcadores do estresse oxidativo como atividade das enzimas GPx e δ-aminolevulinato desidratase, níveis plasmáticos de selênio, marcadores inflamatórios como citocinas pró-inflamatórias: fator de necrose tumoral (TNF-α), interferon gama (INF-γ), interleucinas (IL) 1, 6 e 8; e a interleucina anti-inflamatória IL-10. Além disso, foram avaliados o hemograma, marcadores hepáticos e renais. Na castanha do Brasil foram analisadas concentrações de selênio, ácidos graxos, presença de compostos fenólicos e flavonoides. Os parâmetros bioquímicos dos voluntários se encontraram dentro da normalidade. Os resultados demonstraram que o consumo de castanha do Brasil aumentou significativamente os níveis plasmáticos de selênio nos voluntários que consumiram 20 e 50 g de castanhas em relação aos níveis basais, tendo o maior pico nas 6 h após o consumo das castanhas. Contudo, o consumo de uma porção de diferentes concentrações de selênio durante 30 dias não foi suficiente para aumentar a atividade dos níveis eritrocitários da GPx. Do mesmo modo, foi observado que os voluntários que consumiram uma porção de 20 ou 50 g de castanha do Brasil apresentaram melhora do perfil lipídico, com diminuição do colesterol total e LDL-c e aumento do HDL-c também a partir de 6 h após o consumo até o 30º dia. Além disso, os grupos que consumiram uma porção de 20 ou 50 g de castanha do Brasil tiveram concentrações séricas da IL-1, TNF-α, INF-γ diminuídas e a interleucina anti-inflamatória IL-10 aumentada, a partir de 9h após o consumo de castanhas até o 30º dia. Pode-se observar que o consumo de uma porção de 20 ou 50 g de castanha do Brasil em humanos saudáveis em um período de 30 dias melhorou o perfil lipídico e os parâmetros inflamatórios desses voluntários. Além disso, pode-se evidenciar que a interação dos compostos da castanha pode ter contribuído para os resultados apresentados. No entanto, apesar do presente estudo mostrar efeitos benéficos do consumo de uma porção de 20 ou 50 g de castanha do Brasil em 30 dias, ainda é muito precipitado modificar a recomendação de uma porção de 5 g de castanha diária. Mais estudos são necessários para esclarecer melhor estes efeitos.
10
Souza, Rávila Graziany Machado de. "Efeito do consumo da amêndoa de baru associado à prescrição normocalórica sobre a composição corporal, perfil lipídico e atividade de enzimas antioxidates em mulheres com excesso de peso." Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2014. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/3631.
Full textAbstract:
Submitted by Cássia Santos (cassia.bcufg@gmail.com) on 2014-11-18T12:03:48Z
No. of bitstreams: 2
Dissertacao - Ravila Graziany Machado de Souza - 2014.pdf: 1449983 bytes, checksum: 71907aba34ea1e44e1c043a8c30c947b (MD5)
license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2014-11-18T13:29:09Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertacao - Ravila Graziany Machado de Souza - 2014.pdf: 1449983 bytes, checksum: 71907aba34ea1e44e1c043a8c30c947b (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5)
Made available in DSpace on 2014-11-18T13:29:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertacao - Ravila Graziany Machado de Souza - 2014.pdf: 1449983 bytes, checksum: 71907aba34ea1e44e1c043a8c30c947b (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-02-27
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
The nut consumption is associated with reduced risk for cardiovascular disease. Almond baru (Dipteryx alata Vog.) Awakens scientific interest for its nutritional composition. The aim of this randomized controlled clinical trial was to evaluate the effect of consumption of almond baru associated normocaloric prescription on body composition, lipid profile and antioxidant enzymes activity in overweight women. The study included 46 overweight women who were prescribed normocaloric diet and were randomized into a placebo group (PG, n = 22, 800 mg maltodextrin) and intervention group (IG, n = 24, 20 g almonds baru ). Adiposity, blood pressure, serum lipids, biochemical parameters and enzyme activity of catalase, glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) measurements were determined at baseline and at study completion. Statistical analysis was performed using Stata software for Windows (version 12.0). Comparisons of means and pre-and post-intervention differences between groups were analyzed by Student's t test. The pre-and post-intervention differences within groups were analyzed by t test for paired samples were significant p <0.05. Body mass decreased in GP and GI, however the reduction in adiposity was observed only in GI. The reduction in waist circumference was 1.7 times higher in GI, compared to GP (p = 0.01). The lipid composition, just got GI reduction (p <0.05) in serum total cholesterol (-12.8 mg / dL), LDL cholesterol (-10.47 mg / dL) and triglycerides (-15.00 mg / dL), and increasing concentrations of HDL (+3.63 mg / dl, p <0.01). The activity of GPx and SOD increased in GI (p <0.05), with differences between groups for GPx (+0.08 versus -0.07 U / mg, p <0.001, respectively). Therefore, consumption of 20 g almonds baru associated with prescription normocaloric reduced adiposity, improved lipid profile and increased the activity of antioxidant enzymes in overweight women.
O consumo de oleaginosas está associado à redução do risco para doenças cardiovasculares. A amêndoa de baru (Dipteryx alata Vog.) desperta interesse científico por sua composição nutricional. O objetivo desse ensaio clínico controlado e randomizado foi avaliar o efeito do consumo da amêndoa de baru associado à prescrição normocalórica sobre a composição corporal, perfil lipídico e atividade de enzimas antioxidantes em mulheres com excesso de peso. Participaram do estudo 46 mulheres com excesso de peso que receberam prescrição de dieta normocalórica e foram randomizadas em grupo placebo (GP, n= 22; 800 mg de maltodextrina) e em grupo intervenção (GI, n= 24; 20 g de amêndoa de baru). Medidas de adiposidade, pressão arterial, lipídios séricos, parâmetros bioquímicos e atividade enzimática das enzimas catalase, glutationa peroxidase (GPx) e superóxido dismutase (SOD) foram determinados no início e ao final do estudo. A análise estatística foi realizada utilizando o software Stata for Windows (versão 12.0). As comparações das médias e diferenças pré e pós-intervenção entre os grupos foram analisadas pelo teste t de Student. As diferenças pré e pós-intervenção intra-grupos foram analisadas pelo test t para amostras pareadas, considerando como significativo p<0,05. A massa corporal reduziu em GP e GI, no entanto a redução da adiposidade foi observada apenas em GI. A redução da circunferência da cintura foi 1,7 vezes maior em GI, quando comparada ao GP (p=0,01). Quanto ao perfil lipídico, apenas GI obteve redução (p<0,05) nas concentrações séricas de colesterol total (-12,8 mg/dL), LDL (-10,47 mg/dL) e triacilgliceróis (-15,00 mg/dL), e aumento nas concentrações de HDL (+3,63 mg/dL, p<0,01). A atividade das enzimas GPx e SOD aumentaram em GI (p<0,05), com diferença entre os grupos para GPx (+0,08 contra -0,07 U/mg, p<0,001, respectivamente). Portanto, o consumo de 20 g de amêndoa de baru associada à prescrição normocalórica reduziu a adiposidade, melhorou o perfil lipídico e aumentou a atividade de enzimas antioxidantes em mulheres com excesso de peso.
Books on the topic "Excess profits"
1
Boer, Martin. Complex fees + lack of competition = excess profits?: Retail bank charges in Namibia. Windhoek, Namibia: Institute for Public Policy Research, 2003.
Find full text
2
Ariwodọla, J. A. Companies taxation in Nigeria: Including petroleum profits tax. Lagos: JAA Nigeria Limited, 1988.
Find full text
3
Seidman's legislative history of federal income and excess profits tax laws, 1953-1939. Clark, N.J: Lawbook Exchange, 2003.
Find full text
4
United States. Congress. House. Committee on Government Operations. Violations of the Truth in Negotiations Act give defense contractors millions in excess profits: First report. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1987.
Find full text
6
Urzúa, Hugo Contreras. Declaraciones de rentas: Año tributario 1991 : texto actualizado de la Ley de impuesto a la renta, determinación de bases imponibles y cálculo del impuesto, determinación del F.U.T. y desarrollo de ejercicios prácticos. Santiago, Chile: Editorial CEPET, 1991.
Find full text
7
Vietnam. Luật Thué̂ doanh thu, Thué̂ tiêu thụ đặc biệt, Thué̂ lợi tức. Hà Nội: Pháp lý, 1990.
Find full text
8
Mönkemöller, Frank-André. Die Zurechnung der Überschusseinkünfte bei Personengesellschaften. Frankfurt a.M: P. Lang, 2005.
Find full text
9
Die Bewertungsneutralität der zinsbereinigten Gewinnsteuer: Auswirkungen innerhalb der deutschen und der US-amerikanischen Rechnungslegung. Frankfurt am Main: P. Lang, 2000.
Find full text
10
United States. Congress. House. Committee on Government Operations. Continuing violations of the Truth in Negotiations Act and estimating system deficiencies result in excess contractor profits: Sixtieth report. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1988.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Excess profits"
1
Caves, Richard E. "Technical inefficiency, rent-seeking, and excess profits in U.S. manufacturing industries, 1977." In Studies in Industrial Organization, 187–206. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2795-0_11.
Full text
2
Quelle, Guido. "Non-Profit Organizations: “No Profits” Is No Excuse." In Management for Professionals, 133–48. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-32787-2_9.
Full text
3
Ates, Leyla, Moran Harari, and Markus Meinzer. "Negative Spillovers in International Corporate Taxation and the European Union." In Taxation, International Cooperation and the 2030 Sustainable Development Agenda, 195–217. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-64857-2_10.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractJurisdictions can engage in different types of aggressive tax policies to varying degrees. These policies can have negative spillover effects on other jurisdictions. In the realm of corporate taxation, these effects consist of base erosion and profit shifting and perceived pressures to reduce corporate taxes. Both direct and indirect effects undermine the efforts especially of developing countries at mobilising domestic resources to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals. We analyse the intensity of corrosive tax policies by exploiting a new legal dataset compiled for the Corporate Tax Haven Index (CTHI). Relying on rigorously defined indicators, the dataset allows comparative analyses of negative and positive spillover pathways in the corporate income tax systems of 64 jurisdictions. Tax policies under review comprise, for example, preferential tax regimes, extremely low tax rates agreed through secretive tax rulings, economic zones and tax holidays. Comparing the 27 European Union (EU) member states with five African developing countries, we find important differences. Except for two indicators (loss utilisation and economic zones/tax holidays), the European Union members are found to consistently engage in more aggressive corporate tax policies than the African countries. These heightened risks for negative spillovers emanating from the EU27 corporate tax rules stand in conflict with the stated intentions by the European Union to support good governance in tax matters and its commitment to ensure policy coherence for development. The chapter provides recommendations on how to reduce the risks for negative spillovers in corporate taxation and to exit the race to the bottom in corporate taxation.
4
Nakanishi, Tomoko M. "Element-Specific Distribution in a Plant." In Novel Plant Imaging and Analysis, 75–107. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-33-4992-6_3.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractFor the first stage of the study of the elements, the distribution of the element within the plant tissue was presented employing neutron activation analysis (NAA). Since NAA allows nondestructive analysis of the elements in the sample, this is the only method to measure the absolute amount of elements in the sample.The results showed that the element-specific profile varied throughout the whole plant, and this distribution tendency remained similar throughout development. There were many junctions of element-specific concentrations between the tissues, suggesting barriers to the movement of the elements. Generally, heavy elements tended to accumulate in roots, except for Mn and Cr. Of the elements measured, Ca and Mg showed changes in concentration with the circadian rhythm. Since the amount of the element in a plant reflects the features of the soil where the plant grows, multielement analysis of the plant could specify the site of the agricultural products produced.Before addressing the development of a real-time RI imaging system (RRIS), the production of RIs for essential elements for plant nutrition, 28Mg and 42K, is presented. The reason why concentrating on RIs is because when we examine the history of plant research, physiological research on the elements without available radioisotopes has not been well developed. For example, the boron (B) transporter was recently found and the study of B in plants is far behind compared to the other elements.Therefore, we developed a preparation method for elements whose available RIs were not previously employed in plant research, 28Mg and 42K. They are the radioisotopes we prepared and a root absorption study using 28Mg as a tracer is presented as an example. It was found that the orientation of Mg transfer was different according to the site of the root where Mg was absorbed. The specific role of Mg has not yet been clarified by florescent imaging because the overwhelming amount of Ca makes it difficult to distinguish Mg and Ca.
5
Child, John, David Faulkner, Stephen Tallman, and Linda Hsieh. "Public–private partnerships." In Cooperative Strategy, 429–44. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198814634.003.0020.
Full textAbstract:
Chapter 20 discusses public–private partnerships (PPPs) between government and major corporations. Generally, in PPPs the government sets the task and agrees the fee, while the private sector does the work and incurs the costs whilst receiving a contractually agreed profit. The project is normally building a major infrastructure facility. This arrangement has been very popular in the UK until recently, as well as in many other countries. In the USA a strong lobby is advocating the increased use of PPPs to update the country’s infrastructure. The chapter notes that the idea of public–private partnership is a good one in principle, but that scandals of excess profits (and sometimes losses) can result from deficiencies in negotiation and implementation. The chapter also considers success criteria for PPPs and concludes that they vary according to the political situation and hence motivation in the country in question.
6
Drobak, John N. "Lack of Competition in U.S. Markets." In Rethinking Market Regulation, 23–42. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197578957.003.0003.
Full textAbstract:
Chapter 3 shows that many product markets in the United States are not competitive, resulting in the firms’ ability to earn excess profits by charging higher prices to consumers. It analyzes the competitiveness of U.S. markets in four different ways. First, it examines the profitability of business firms to determine if their profits are so high that we can conclude that they operate in markets lacking competition. It uses the profits of the iPhone and the airline companies to illustrate this. Second, it looks at the increasing consensus by many economists that markets are becoming less competitive. These commentators include President Barack Obama’s Council of Economic Advisers, Joseph Stiglitz, and Paul Krugman. Third, it shows how an examination of the conduct of the firms in an industry can help us assess the competitiveness of that industry. Finally, it analyzes the concentration of the firms in a market as a way to determine competitiveness, examining the many studies over the past few years that show greatly increased concentration in many markets. Based on these four perspectives, the chapter argues that there is strong evidence of a lack of competition in many markets, which shifts the burden to those who oppose government regulation to demonstrate that there actually is viable competition that sufficiently constraints the firms.
7
Seal, Samantha Katz. "Adultery’s Heirs." In Father Chaucer, 121–62. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198832386.003.0004.
Full textAbstract:
The desire to produce in excess, and multiply profits exponentially, haunts the reproductive episodes of The Canterbury Tales. Instead, Chaucer argues, procreation and production should be grounded within sufficiency; men and women should only to seek to generate if they can do so from a place of contentment with their current state. Greed and the desire for multiplication become particularly prominent issues in tales of adultery, such as the Reeve’s Tale and Merchant’s Tale, and tales of human avarice, including the Summoner’s Tale and the Pardoner’s Tale. These are inappropriate modes of generation, Chaucer demonstrates, leading men to lose rather than to gain authority.
8
Sparks, Edith. "Government and Women’s Business Ownership." In Boss Lady. University of North Carolina Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5149/northcarolina/9781469633022.003.0003.
Full textAbstract:
Lewis, Beech and Rudkin all took advantage of government opportunities and actively resisted its intrusions, and this was essential to their success. Close examination of the World War II and Korean War eras—key episodes in the expansion of the federal government as regulator and customer—shows that for these businesswomen building a relationship with government was both necessary and important. Military contracts and Reconstruction Finance Corporation loans kept Lewis and Beech in business while Excess Profits Tax posed a real threat that both women fought and wartime rationing as well as regulations by the Office of Price Administration fundamentally shaped Rudkin’s business strategy and success. Prevailing scholarly interpretations have argued that women’s businesses were too small to attract federal attention but the experience of these entrepreneurs reveals that for women who operated businesses big enough to cater to a national market, government programs were fundamental to their success and federal regulation threatened significant losses in profit. By the mid-twentieth century, in fact, developing a relationship with the federal government was hardly a choice; a strategic one could determine a business’ future.
9
Sturmey, S. G. "The Prosperous Age: The Postwar Period." In British Shipping and World Competition. Liverpool University Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.5949/liverpool/9780986497322.003.0007.
Full textAbstract:
This chapter explores the worldwide shipping industry in the postwar period after the Second World War up to 1960. It summarises the period of growth and the prosperity in shipping due to both the Suez Canal and the Korean War, and the decline of the post-Suez period ending in excess tonnage and worldwide uncertainty about the future of shipping. It explores the financial success of the oil trade; the decline of dry-cargo vessel demand; the neglect of British tankers; the difference between Norwegian and British government support for their respective industries; freight rate statistics, and British shipping profits. It concludes with a discussion on chartered vessels, stating that British tankers were undersized and the fleet was too small to meet the demands of the oil trade, another detriment to the now-struggling industry.
10
Miller, Chris. "Stabilizing Russia’s Finances." In Putinomics. University of North Carolina Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5149/northcarolina/9781469640662.003.0004.
Full textAbstract:
The 2000s were boom years for energy, as prices skyrocketed and oil producers reaped windfall profits. Vladimir Putin’s Russia had its fair share of excess, yet what is more remarkable is how much Russia saved. Over the course of the 2000s, over half a trillion dollars were put in in long-terms savings funds. Putin had seen the tumult of the 1991 and 1998 crises, and knew that hard times would come again. He wanted a large stock of financial firepower to deal with any contingency. He also took steps to restructure the country’s banking system. High inflation had plagued Russia since 1991, but Putin assembled a talented team of managers at the Finance Ministry and Central Bank who managed to get inflation down and keep it fairly low. Though Putin’s government is often rightly noted to include many former KGB agents and judo buddies, it is also notable the extent to which the economic ministries recruited talented—and economically orthodox—managers. By the mid-2000s, Russia had the most stable financial environment it had ever known.
Conference papers on the topic "Excess profits"
1
Li, Zhuangkuo, and Xintong Chen. "The game of excess profits of logistics alliance distribution based on fair seats." In 2016 International Conference on Logistics, Informatics and Service Sciences (LISS). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/liss.2016.7854326.
Full text
2
Williams, N., S. Azarm, and P. K. Kannan. "Multi-Category Design of Bundled Products for Retail Channels Considering Demand Uncertainty and Competition." In ASME 2008 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2008-49210.
Full textAbstract:
Modern retailers now control in excess of 70% of many markets and thereby control the access manufacturers have to the end customer. Success of a new product design therefore depends upon acceptance of the product by the powerful retailer as well as the end customer. One prevalent approach to increasing both retailer and manufacturer revenues is to improve the attractiveness of a product offering by bundling related items together for one price. To be most effective, bundled products should be developed with an integrated design approach that seeks to achieve utility for the end customer as well as cost efficiencies through measures such as using common parts. We propose a bundled product design approach that endogenizes the profit maximizing prices set by the channel controlling (monopolist) retailer. The approach accounts for demand dependencies between the product categories and thus the impact of the bundle and cross-category competition on proposed engineering designs is known. Additionally, the approach simultaneously considers uncertainty in engineering design, competing manufacturer product attributes and customer preferences to ensure acceptable product profitability and market share under interval uncertainty. A bundled product design case study is presented for two complimentary power tools. Manufacturer profit and market share are optimized both deterministically and under uncertainty. We find that considering demand dependencies can create optimal bundle and individual product designs that increase profits for both retailer and manufacturer.
3
Garrison, Jared B., and Michael E. Webber. "Optimization of an Integrated Energy Storage Scheme for a Dispatchable Wind Powered Energy System." In ASME 2012 6th International Conference on Energy Sustainability collocated with the ASME 2012 10th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2012-91186.
Full textAbstract:
The intermittency of wind and solar power and the mismatch between when they are available and when demand is high have hindered the expansion of these two primary renewable resources. The goal of this research is to analyze an integrated energy system (named DSWiSS for dispatchable solar wind storage system) that includes a novel configuration of wind and solar together with compressed air energy storage (CAES) that is driven from excess nighttime wind energy and thermal storage energized by concentrated solar power in order to make these sources dispatchable during peak demand. This paper builds off prior published work for the DSWiSS configuration with an analysis of actual historical meteorological data for West Texas solar insolation, generation output data for a wind farm in West Texas, recorded electricity demand data of the Electric Reliability Council of Texas (ERCOT) grid, and historical temperature data for West Texas to assess system performance. In this analysis, a comparison approach was taken by optimizing both the operation of a conventional CAES facility that does not incorporate wind and solar directly and the operation of a CAES facility directly coupled to a wind farm, which will be referred to as CAES-plus-Wind. Dynamic parameters for wind generation, electricity price, and ambient temperature were utilized in the optimization models. Through the use of optimization models and the incorporation of a thermodynamic model of the CAES equipment, we found that in each season the electricity price is a key factor in determining whether the facility stores or generates energy. For the CAES equipment, the summer season yields the highest profits primarily because of the larger spread between highest and lowest daily price for electricity. Even though profits for the CAES equipment in the other seasons are small or negative, it appears that the value of the facility in the summer is greater than the costs in the other three seasons combined. Additionally, we found that the value of directly coupling the CAES facility to a wind farm versus operating the two entities separately yielded no significant increase in profits. Lastly, this analysis did not attempt to quantify the possible increase in wind farm generation output that could result from reduced curtailment with the use of an energy storage system such as is proposed in this paper. This additional source of revenue could be a major contributor to the economic justification for large scale energy storage.
4
Stiassnie, Eli, Gila Molcho, and Moshe Shpitalni. "Holistic Design of Sustainable Systems With Improved Lifecycle Performance." In ASME 2008 9th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/esda2008-59207.
Full textAbstract:
The rampant changes marking modern manufacturing are driven by: (a) excess manufacturing capacity and the consequent increase in competition, and (b) rising environmental awareness and legislation. This green legislation (WEEE, EuP, RoHS, etc.) has arisen in an attempt to resolve the inherent conflict between a number of competing needs: (1) environmental requirements and constraints, (2) consumer demands and (3) industrial profitability constraints. Consequently, modern industries seeking to maintain corporate profits while complying with new legislation have begun to shift from product delivery to through-life service support. That is, companies supply products and continue to maintain them throughout the product’s lifetime. Industrial profitability in such a paradigm requires technological adaption and innovation as well as enhanced product performance control. All these changes and requirements are dictating change in design approaches and practices. This paper presents a new design methodology and supporting tools to analyze and improve product design, while taking into account environmental impact and the selling-of-services business paradigm. The analysis is based on dynamic product models aimed at extending life span while reducing complexities and internal interdependencies by means of component periodicity planning and uncoupling activities.
5
Fyffe, John R., Stuart M. Cohen, and Michael E. Webber. "Comparing Flexible CO2 Capture in Gas- and Coal-Dominated Electricity Markets." In ASME 2011 5th International Conference on Energy Sustainability. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2011-54359.
Full textAbstract:
Coal-fired power plants are a source of inexpensive, reliable electricity for many countries. Unfortunately, their high carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions rates contribute significantly to global climate change. With the likelihood of future policies limiting CO2 emissions, CO2 capture and sequestration (CCS) could allow for the continued use of coal while low- and zero-emission generation sources are developed and implemented. This work compares the potential impact of flexibly operating CO2 capture systems on the economic viability of using CCS in gas- and coal-dominated electricity markets. The comparison is made using a previously developed modeling framework to analyze two different markets: 1) a natural-gas dominated market (the Electric Reliability Council of Texas, or ERCOT) and 2) a coal-dominated market (the National Electricity Market, or NEM in Australia). The model uses performance and economic parameters for each power plant to determine the annual generation, CO2 emissions, and operating profits for each plant for specified input fuel prices and CO2 emissions costs. Previous studies of ERCOT found that flexible CO2 capture operation could improve the economic viability of coal-fired power plants with CO2 capture when there are opportunities to reduce CO2 capture load and increase electrical output when electricity prices are high. The model was used to compare the implications of using CO2 capture systems in the two electricity systems under CO2 emissions penalties from 0–100 US dollars per metric ton of CO2. Half the coal-fired power plants in each grid were selected to be considered for a CO2 capture retrofit based on plant efficiency, whether or not SO2 scrubbers are already installed on the plant, and the plant’s proximity to viable sequestration sites. Plants considered for CO2 capture systems are compared with and without inflexible CO2 capture as well as with two different flexible operation strategies. With more coal-fired power plants being dispatched as the marginal generator and setting the electricity price in the NEM, electricity prices increase faster due to CO2 prices than in ERCOT where natural gas-plants typically set the electricity price. The model showed moderate CO2 emissions reductions in ERCOT with CO2 capture and no CO2 price because increased costs at coal-fired power plants led to reduced generation. Without CO2 prices, installing CO2 capture on coal-fired power plants resulted in moderately reduced CO2 emissions in ERCOT as the coal-fired power plants became more expensive and were replaced with less expensive natural gas-fired generators. Without changing the makeup of the plant fleet in NEM, a CO2 price would not currently promote significant replacement of coal-fired power plants because there is minimal excess capacity with low CO2 emissions rates that can displace existing coal-fired power plants. Additionally, retrofitting CO2 capture onto half of the coal-based fleet in NEM did not reduce CO2 emissions significantly without CO2 costs being implemented because the plants with capture become more expensive and were replaced by the coal-fired power plants without CO2 capture. Operating profits at NEM capture plants increased as CO2 price increased much faster than capture plants in ERCOT. The higher rate of increasing profits for plants in NEM is due to the marginal generators in NEM being coal-based facilities with higher CO2 emissions penalties than the natural gas-fired facilities that set electricity prices in ERCOT. Overall, coal-fired power plants were more profitable with CO2 capture systems than without in both ERCOT and NEM when CO2 prices were higher than USD25/ton.
6
Tereshko, Zoya Andreevna, and Anastasia Anatolievna Rudetskaya. "Excess profit taxation within progressive tax rate implementation on personal income." In 3d International Scientific and Practical Conference. TSNS Interaktiv Plus, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.21661/r-116020.
Full text
7
Nicotra, Eraldo Francesco, Daniele Lecca, and Giorgio Marchese. "Psychometric scales in clinical psychopharmacology trials: the excess of possible clinical symptom profiles." In 2020 IEEE International Symposium on Medical Measurements and Applications (MeMeA). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/memea49120.2020.9137245.
Full text
8
AL-QADI, Mustafa, Govind Vedala, and Rongqing Hui. "Performance of Lasers with Excess Low-Frequency FM-Noise Profiles in Digital Coherent Optical Systems." In Optical Fiber Communication Conference. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ofc.2019.w4b.3.
Full text
9
Hao Zeng, Huaizhong Li, Xiaoqi Chen, Kiah Mok Goh, A. J. R. Aendenroomer, and Xucheng Li. "Excess welding area localisation and profile modelling on distorted surface in turbine component repairing process." In 2004 IEEE International Symposium on Industrial Electronics. IEEE, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isie.2004.1571814.
Full text
10
Azkona, Nekane, Federico Recart, Pedro Rodríguez, Aloña Otaegi, Vanesa Fano, José Rubén Gutiérrez, and Juan Carlos Jimeno. "Impact of excess carrier profile in the luminescent emission and detection of silicon solar cells." In 15th International Conference on Concentrator Photovoltaic Systems (CPV-15). AIP Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5123806.
Full textReports on the topic "Excess profits"
1
Aston, T. R. C. Prediction of longitudinal and subsidence profiles with width/depth ratios in excess of 3.0 using National Coal Board methods. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/304930.
Full text
2
Sanz, E., P. Alonso, B. Haidar, H. Ghaemi, and L. García. Key performance indicators (KPIs). Scipedia, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.23967/prodphd.2021.9.002.
Full textAbstract:
The project “Social network tools and procedures for developing entrepreneurial skills in PhD programmes” (prodPhD) aims to implement innovative social network-based methodologies for teaching and learning entrepreneurship in PhD programmes. The multidisciplinary teaching and learning methodologies to be developed will enable entrepreneurship education to be introduced into any PhD programme, providing students with the knowledge, skills, and motivation to engage in entrepreneurial activities. However, the use of the output of the project will depend on the nature and profile of the research or scientific field. In this context, key performance indicators (KPIs) form the base on which the quality and scope of the methodologies developed in the project will be quantified and benchmarked. The project’s final product will be an online tool that higher education students can use to learn entrepreneurship from a social network perspective. Performance measurement is one of the first steps of any project and involves the choice and use of indicators to measure the effectiveness and success of the project’s methods and results. All the KPIs have been selected according to criteria of relevance, measurability, reliability, and adequacy, and they cover the process, dissemination methods, and overall quality of the project. In this document, each KPI is defined together with the units and instruments for measuring it. In the case of qualitative KPIs, five-level Likert scales are defined to improve indicator measurability and reliability. The KPIs for prodPhD are divided into three main dimensions, depending on the stage of the project they evaluate. The three main dimensions are performance and development (which are highly related to the project’s process), dissemination and impact (which are more closely correlated with the project’s output), and overall project quality. Different sources (i.e., European projects and papers) have been drawn upon to define a set of 51 KPIs classified into six categories, according to the project phase they aim to evaluate. An Excel tool has been developed that collects all the KPIs analysed in the production of this document. This tool is shared in the Scipedia repository.