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Academic literature on the topic 'Exclosure'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 4 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Exclosure"

Ibrahim, Temima, Fikrey Tesfay, and Bethel Geremew. "Diversity of Woody Species and Biomass Carbon Stock in Response to Exclosure Age in Central Dry Lowlands of Ethiopia." Open Environmental Research Journal 14, no. 1 (April 20, 2021): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/2590277602114010001.

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Objective: Empirical evidence on the potential of area exclosure in the restoration of severely degraded lands is crucially important. Thus, a study was conducted to examine the influence of exclosure age on vegetation structure, diversity, and biomass carbon stock in the central dry lowland of Ethiopia. Methods: Exclosures of 5, 15, >20 years old, and adjacent open grazing land were selected. Data on vegetation were collected using 20 × 20 m sampling quadrats which were laid along parallel transect lines. Results: The result showed that 17 woody species which represent 9 families were reco

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Bastin, Gary, John Ludwig, Robert Eager, Adam Liedloff, Reginald Andison, and Michael Cobiac. "Vegetation changes in a semiarid tropical savanna, northern Australia: 1973 - 2002." Rangeland Journal 25, no. 1 (2003): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rj03001.

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We measured vegetation changes inside and outside two exclosures built in 1973 on red calcareous loam soils located in Conkerberry Paddock on Victoria River Research Station in northern Australia. These two exclosures were unburnt since their establishment in 1973 until exclosure 1 was unintentionally burnt late in the dry season (October) of 2001. Data from permanent transects and examples from photopoints illustrate that from mostly bare soils in 1973, total pasture biomass recovered relatively rapidly both inside and outside exclosures (in about five years). This initial recovery was primar

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Mekuria, Wolde. "Changes in Regulating Ecosystem Services following Establishing Exclosures on Communal Grazing Lands in Ethiopia: A Synthesis." Journal of Ecosystems 2013 (June 26, 2013): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/860736.

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In four separate studies undertaken in the northern highlands of Ethiopia, changes in regulating ecosystem services, economic viability, and the perception of local communities following establishing exclosures on communal grazing lands were investigated. Replicated 5-, 10-, 15-, and 20-year-old exclosures were selected and paired each exclosure with an adjacent grazing land. All exclosures displayed higher ecosystem services than communal grazing lands. Differences between exclosures and grazing lands varied between 29 (±4.9) and 61 (±6.7) Mg C ha−1 for ecosystem carbon stock (ECS), 2.4 (±0.6

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Kirkpatrick, J. B., and K. L. Bridle. "Comparative Effects of Stock and Wild Vertebrate Herbivore Grazing on Treeless Subalpine Vegetation, Eastern Central Plateau, Tasmania." Australian Journal of Botany 47, no. 6 (1999): 817. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt98029.

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The existence of two 25-year-old grazing exclosures on Liawenee Moor, Eastern Central Plateau, Tasmania, created an opportunity to investigate the impacts of vertebrate herbivores on treeless subalpine vegetation. There were three treatments: sheep-, native herbivore- and rabbit-grazed; native herbivore- and rabbit-grazed; no grazing. The amount of bare ground was highest in the sheep-grazed plots, while vegetation cover was greatest in the ungrazed exclosure. The cover of all lifeform groups, except small herbs, was greater in the exclosures than in the sheep-grazed plots. The percentage freq

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Bode, Michael, Karl E. C. Brennan, Keith Morris, Neil Burrows, and Neville Hague. "Choosing cost-effective locations for conservation fences in the local landscape." Wildlife Research 39, no. 3 (2012): 192. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr11106.

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Context Exclosure fences are widely used to reintroduce locally extinct animals. These fences function either as permanent landscape-scale areas free from most predators, or as small-scale temporary acclimatisation areas for newly translocated individuals to be ‘soft released’ into the wider landscape. Existing research can help managers identify the best design for their exclosure fence, but there are currently no methods available to help identify the optimal location for these exclosures in the local landscape (e.g. within a property). Aims We outline a flexible decision-support tool that c

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Otsu, Chiaki, Hayato Iijima, and Takuo Nagaike. "Plant community recovery from intense deer grazing depends on reduction of graminoids and the time after exclosure installation in a semi-natural grassland." PeerJ 7 (October 1, 2019): e7833. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.7833.

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Exclosures that exclude large herbivores are effective tools for the protection and restoration of grazed plant communities. However, previous studies have shown that the installation of an exclosure does not ensure plant community recovery. Our study aimed to determine the effects of the domination of unpalatable plants and the timing of exclosure installation on the plant community recovery process in montane grassland overgrazed by sika deer (Cervus nippon) in Japan. In this study we compared plant species composition and their cover with inside and outside exclosures installed at different

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Gerke, Madlen, Daniel Cob Chaves, Marc Richter, Daniela Mewes, Jörg Schneider, Dirk Hübner, and Carola Winkelmann. "Benthic grazing in a eutrophic river: cascading effects of zoobenthivorous fish mask direct effects of herbivorous fish." PeerJ 6 (February 14, 2018): e4381. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.4381.

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Benthic grazing strongly controls periphyton biomass. The question therefore arises whether benthic grazing could be used as a tool to reduce excessive growth of periphyton in nutrient-enriched rivers. Although benthic invertebrate grazers reduce the growth of periphyton, this is highly context dependent. Here we assessed whether the only obligate herbivorous fish in European rivers, the common nase (Chondrostoma nasus L.), is able to reduce periphyton biomass in a eutrophic river. We conducted three consecutive in situ experiments at low, intermediate and high densities of nase in the river u

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Abendroth, Emily. "Exclosure ]12[." WSQ: Women's Studies Quarterly 41, no. 3-4 (2013): 151–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/wsq.2013.0096.

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Christianini, AV, and M. Galetti. "Toward reliable estimates of seed removal by small mammals and birds in the Neotropics." Brazilian Journal of Biology 67, no. 2 (May 2007): 203–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1519-69842007000200004.

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Birds are often considered seed predators of less importance when compared to rodents or granivorous ants in studies of seed predation using selective exclosures. However, it is possible that the role of granivorous birds interacting with seeds on the floor of Neotropical forests is being underestimated, if the selective exclosures designed to allow exclusive access to small rodents do not work properly in the Neotropics. We used an experimental approach to evaluate whether birds could remove seeds from selective exclosures designed to allow exclusive access to rodents. We compared seed remova

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Courchesne, Milène, Stéphanie Pellerin, Marianne Bachand, Steeve D. Côté, and Monique Poulin. "Chronic deer browsing leads to biotic homogenization of minerotrophic peatlands." Botany 96, no. 8 (August 2018): 499–509. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjb-2017-0145.

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Peatlands could become important foraging habitats, and their plant communities threatened, in areas with an overabundance of large herbivores. Peatland response to herbivore exclusion may vary widely according to abiotic conditions and associated species because of a strong minerotrophic gradient. We assessed the impact of white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus Zimm.) on peatland vegetation using an exclosure experiment. A total of 53 pairs of exclosures and unprotected plots were set up in bogs (13 pairs), sedge fens (20), shrub fens (7), and laggs (13), and surveyed prior to exclosure co

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Exclosure"

Ter, Beest Julia M. "EFFECTS OF A RESTORED ELK POPULATION ON SOILS, VEGETATION, AND WATER QUALITY IN EASTERN KENTUCKY." UKnowledge, 2005. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/gradschool_theses/284.

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A restored elk (Cervus elaphus) population in eastern Kentucky may be affecting ecosystem processes in a landscape composed of reclaimed grassland expanses and isolated forest remnants. Elk routinely select forested ridge-tops as resting and ruminating sites. These locations are characterized by sparse or absent leaf litter, trampled and diminished vegetation, large deposits of dung, and urine-saturated soils. In fall 2003, a series of fenced ungulate exclosures were constructed; 8 on highly disturbed forested ridge-tops and 8 on reclaimed grasslands. Soil analyses measured % moisture, pH, tot

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Adkins, Nicholas. "Vegetation Assessment to Understand the Effect of Feral Goat Populations on Native Flora Composition." Thesis, University of Canterbury. School of Forestry, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/7466.

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A vegetation assessment was conducted to understand the effect of feral goats (Capra hircus) on the vegetation of Isolated Hill Scenic Reserve located in Southern Marlborough. New Zealand forests evolved without the pressure of mammalian herbivores but following human settlement they became subject to intensive browsing following the introduction of exotic mammals. This study focuses on the presence of feral goats. Interest arises from the settlement of other countries and the subsequent liberations of feral goats which are now considered to be responsible for the significant removal of nativ

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Leeson, Ryan Elizabeth. "Interactions between white-tailed deer and vegetation in southern Illinois." OpenSIUC, 2018. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/2314.

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White-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) have considerable impacts on woody and herbaceous vegetation. Many oak-hickory forests in the eastern U.S. are experiencing a lack of oak (Quercus) and hickory (Carya) regeneration, with deer being a likely culprit. Furthermore, few have studied deer use of different herbaceous food plot mixtures. I addressed these gaps in the literature by assessing deer impacts on forest and herbaceous vegetation in southern Illinois. I established 150 paired plots (enclosed and control) in June 2015 and measured 25 habitat variables to assess impacts of deer he

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au, k. maher@murdoch edu, and Kellie Maher. "Encroachment of sandplain heathland (kwongan) by Allocasuarina huegeliana in the Western Australian wheatbelt: the role of herbivores, fire and other factors." Murdoch University, 2008. http://wwwlib.murdoch.edu.au/adt/browse/view/adt-MU20081211.92011.

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Kwongan, also known as sandplain heathland, occurs in remnant vegetation throughout the fragmented landscape of the Western Australian wheatbelt. This vegetation community has high levels of species richness and endemism, and is of high conservation value. In many vegetation remnants in the wheatbelt the native tree species Allocasuarina huegeliana (rock sheoak) is expanding out from its normal range and encroaching into kwongan. A. huegeliana may ultimately dominate the kwongan, causing a decline in floristic diversity. Altered disturbance regimes, particularly the absence of fire and reduced

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Lemessa, Debissa. "Pests and pest controlling organisms across tropical agroecological landscapes in relation to forest and tree-cover." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för ekologi, miljö och botanik, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-102849.

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A major challenge in agroecosystems is how to manage the systems so that it reduces crop pests and enhances natural pest control. This thesis investigates patterns of crop pests and top-down effects of birds and arthropod predators in relation to land-use composition across spatial scales. In paper (I) I examined the crop distribution and land-use types in relation to the crop raiding patterns in 15 transectsin sites close to and far from forests along with a questionnaire survey at household level. I found severe crop raiding close to forests, but it had no impact on crop composition growing

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Burkholder, Derek A. "Top Down Control in a Relatively Pristine Seagrass Ecosystem." FIU Digital Commons, 2012. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/799.

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The loss of large-bodied herbivores and/or top predators has been associated with large-scale changes in terrestrial, freshwater, and marine ecosystems around the world. Understanding the consequences of these declines has been hampered by a lack of studies in relatively pristine systems. To fill this gap, I investigated the dynamics of the relatively pristine seagrass ecosystem of Shark Bay, Australia. I began by examining the seagrass species distributions, stoichiometry, and patterns of nutrient limitation across the whole of Shark Bay. Large areas were N-limited, P-limited, or limited by f

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Grubh, Archis R. "Effects of anthropogenic disturbances and biotic interactions on stream biota in gulf coastal plain streams." The Ohio State University, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1155753270.

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Brandenburg, Marci D. "Effects of deer exclosures on forest floor mammals." Ohio : Ohio University, 2004. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1097606609.

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Brandenburg, Marci. "Effects of deer exclosures on forest floor mammals." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1097606609.

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Bunn, Victoria Jeanne. "The effects of riparian grazing exclosures on adjacent riverine ecosystems." Thesis, Montana State University, 2011. http://etd.lib.montana.edu/etd/2011/bunn/BunnV0811.pdf.

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In the western U.S., riparian ecosystems cover 1% of land area while supporting 70-80% of native species. 70% of this land area is available as range for livestock, who use riparian areas preferentially. Ecological concerns have led to numerous studies of the effects grazing has on these ecologically important, easily damaged ecosystems. Exclosure-based research has thoroughly examined the effects of livestock on riparian ecosystem health and function, but failed to investigate the potential for exclosures to intensify adverse effects of use at their boundaries, which could lead to overestimat

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Books on the topic "Exclosure"

Roe, Lisa Schassberger. Establishment report for exclosure studies of Arabis fecunda. Helena, Mont: Montana Natural Heritage Program, 1992.

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McCullough, Dale A. Monitoring of streambank stability and streamside vegetation in a livestock exclosure on the Warm Springs River, Oregon: Comparison of ground-based surveys with aerial photographic analysis. Portland, Or: Columbia River Inter-Tribal Fish Commission, 1999.

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Johnson, Charles G. Rangeland exclosures of northeastern Oregon: Stories they tell (1936-2004). Portland, OR: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, 2007.

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Bartos, Dale L. Pine Hollow exclosures: Effect of browsing on an Aspen community sprayed with 2,4-D. Ogden, Utah] (324 25th St., Ogden 84401): U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station, 1990.

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Bartos, Dale L. Pine Hollow exclosures: Effect of browsing on an Aspen community sprayed with 2,4-D. [Ogden, Utah (324 25th St., Ogden 84401)]: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station, 1990.

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Exclosures. Ahsahta Press, 2014.

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Impact of cattle on Department of Conservation grazing leases in South Westland: Results from monitoring 1989-99, and recommendations. Wellington, N.Z: Dept. of Conservation, 2001.

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Engley, Lance. Use of Predator Exclosures to Protect Piping Plover Nests in Alberta, 1998-2001. Alberta Conservation Association, 2005.

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Book chapters on the topic "Exclosure"

Shimelse, Samson, Tamrat Bekele, and Sileshi Nemomissa. "Area Exclosure as a Strategy for Climate Change Mitigation: Case Study from Tigray Region, Northern Ethiopia." In Handbook of Climate Change Resilience, 403–28. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-93336-8_123.

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Shimelse, Samson, Tamrat Bekele, and Sileshi Nemomissa. "Area Exclosure as a Strategy for Climate Change Mitigation: Case Study from Tigray Region, Northern Ethiopia." In Handbook of Climate Change Resilience, 1–26. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-71025-9_123-1.

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Mekuria, Wolde, Edzo Veldkamp, Marife D. Corre, and Mitiku Haile. "Carbon Changes Following the Establishment of Exclosure on Communal Grazing Lands in the Semi-Arid Lowlands of Tigray, Ethiopia." In Climate Change Management, 111–31. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-22315-0_7.

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Ptatscheck, Christoph. "Role of nematodes in the food web: nematodes as predator and prey." In Ecology of freshwater nematodes, 216–46. Wallingford: CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789243635.0007.

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Abstract This chapter provides information on the role of nematodes in the food web, including their participation in matter and energy fluxes within ecosystems. It highlights that nematodes are both predators and prey for organisms ranging from protozoans to vertebrates, based on gut analyses and direct observations. Functional response experiments, microcosm studies, and enclosures/exclosures in the field can be used to investigate the intensity of these trophic interactions and their impact on individual species as well as entire communities.

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Jacob, Miro, Sil Lanckriet, and Katrien Descheemaeker. "Exclosures as Primary Option for Reforestation in Dogu’a Tembien." In Geo-trekking in Ethiopia’s Tropical Mountains, 251–59. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-04955-3_16.

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"Paternity Exclosure." In Encyclopedia of Genetics, Genomics, Proteomics and Informatics, 1453. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-6754-9_12392.

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Bond, William J. "Vertebrate herbivory and open ecosystems." In Open Ecosystems, 121–40. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198812456.003.0008.

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Can herbivores account for the widespread occurrence of open ecosystems? Some suggest that Pleistocene megafauna did so, and large mammal herbivory is still important in some regions today. Exclosure studies have been widely used to test herbivore impacts on trees, but global patterns of the ‘brown world’ are not readily seen from satellites. Areas of mammal consumer dominance occur in cool temperate/boreal regions (e.g. Tibetan montane grasslands) and savannas in Africa, but not in those in Australia or South America. Herbivores vary in their impact on openness of vegetation because of differences in body size, feeding mode, predator avoidance behaviour while plants also differ in their defences and accessibility. Unlike fire, proxies are lacking for how extinct herbivores, even giant sauropods, impacted vegetation. Very few studies deal explicitly with how vertebrate herbivores help create and maintain open ecosystems where climates are suitable for forests, and there is an urgent need to find out more.

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Conference papers on the topic "Exclosure"

Westin, Emelie. "Regeneration of deciduous trees – Variable success of moose exclosures in central Sweden." In 5th European Congress of Conservation Biology. Jyväskylä: Jyvaskyla University Open Science Centre, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.17011/conference/eccb2018/107942.

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"Soil Organic Carbon and Nutrient Contents are not Influenced by Exclosures Established in Communal Grazing Land in Nile Basin, Northern Ethiopia." In International Conference on Advances in Agricultural, Biological & Environmental Sciences. International Institute of Chemical, Biological & Environmental Engineering, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.15242/iicbe.c1014045.

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Reports on the topic "Exclosure"

Kuck, Todd. Grande Ronde Model Watershed Project; Dark Canyon Riparian Exclosure, Completion Report 2002. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/963057.

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Epiphan, Jean, and Steven Handel. Assessment of vegetation in six long-term deer exclosure investigations at Morristown National Historical Park: Data synthesis & management recommendations. National Park Service, October 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2279121.

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Ehrenfield, Joan G., Kristen A. Ross, Manisha Patel, Jean N. Epiphan, and Steven N. Handel. Recovery of native plant species after initial management of non-native plant invaders: Vegetation monitoring in an exclosure in Morristown National Historical Park. National Park Service, August 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2278124.

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Johnson, Charles Grier. Rangeland exclosures of northeastern Oregon: stories they tell (1936–2004). Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/pnw-gtr-724.

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Mekuria, W., G. Gebregziabher, and N. Lefore. Exclosures for landscape restoration in Ethiopia: business model scenarios and suitability. International Water Management Institute (IWMI), 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5337/2020.201.

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Bartos, Dale L., and Roy O. Harniss. Pine hollow exclosures: Effect of browsing on an aspen community sprayed with 2,4-D. Ogden, UT: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/int-rn-393.

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Kauffman, J. Boone. Research/Evaluate Restoration of NE Oregon Streams: Effects of Livestock Exclosures (Corridor Fencing) on Riparian Vegetation, Stream Geomorphic Features and Fish Populations; Final Report 2002. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/812705.

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