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Journal articles on the topic 'Exclusive and shared competences'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 11 March 2023

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Philippe, Xavier. "La répartition des compétences entre l’État central, l’État provincial et les municipalités : structures politiques ou administratives ?" Revue française d'administration publique 85, no. 1 (1998): 15–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/rfap.1998.3173.

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The Distribution of Competences Between the Central State, the Provincial State and Municipalities : Political or Administrative Structures? It is not easy to put a name to the structure adopted by South Africa in 1996. It is neither a federal state nor a unitary state. The distribution of competences differs markedly in reality when compared with the formal distribution. The Constitution contains a list of exclusive competences, but these are not the most important. Analysis must focus rather on shared competences, the distribution of which will depend upon the administration’s capacities, pa

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CAICEDO CAMACHO, DOLLY NATALIA. "LA UTILIZACIÓN DEL PODER SUBVENCIONAL DEL ESTADO EN EL MARCO DE LA ASISTENCIA SOCIAL." RVAP 105, no. 105 (August 1, 2016): 355–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.47623/ivap-rvap.105.2016.09.

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El presente artículo analiza el alcance del poder de gasto del Estado central en el campo de la asistencia social. Para ello, describe el desarrollo de la competencia autonómica en el marco de la descentralización territorial del Estado social para posteriormente detallar la jurisprudencia del Tribunal Constitucional emitida en los últimos años sobre la utilización del poder del poder subvencional. El artículo concluye que se ha producido un cambio sustancial a los criterios sobre la territorialización de las subvenciones de la STC 13/1992. Este cambio

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3

Karayigit, Mustafa T. "Why and to What Extent a Common Interpretative Position for Mixed Agreements?" European Foreign Affairs Review 11, Issue 4 (2006): 445–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/eerr2006037.

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The phenomenon of mixed agreements has become the main feature of external relations of the Community legal order and it also is to become the main feature of external relations of the European legal order. With regard to this phenomenon the paper examines whether, to what extent and why a common interpretative position is followed by the ECJ for provisions of mixed agreements so as to shed light on the characteristics of the existence and exercise of competences of both the Community and the Member States in the external sphere in the light of case law to better understand a true structure of

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4

Neunreither, Karlheinz. "Subsidiarity as a Guiding Principle for European Community Activities." Government and Opposition 28, no. 2 (1993): 206–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1477-7053.1993.tb01278.x.

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Maastricht Has Put Subsidiarity in The Forefront OF European Community (EC) guidelines. This new principle will allow the EC to take action wherever competences are shared in those areas where the member states cannot sufficiently achieve its objectives, but not beyond. The new Article 3b reads:The Community shall act within the limits of the powers conferred upon it by this Treaty and of the objectives assigned to it therein.In areas which do not fall within its exclusive competence, the Community shall take action, in accordance with the principle of subsidiarity, only if and in so far as th

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Leal-Arcas, Rafael. "Exclusive or Shared Competence in the Common Commercial Policy : From Amsterdam to Nice." Legal Issues of Economic Integration 30, Issue 1 (2003): 3–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/leie2003002.

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This paper is an analysis of the EC's Common Commercial Policy (CCP) since the Amsterdam Treaty until the Nice Treaty. It explains the CCP’s evolution since the 1996 Amsterdam Intergovernmental Conference, taking into account the most recent constitutional developments of division of competencies between the EC and its Member States. I conclude that the increasing demands at Nice for greater transparency and simplicity have not been met by the new version of Article 133 EC and that most EU Member States did not bring the scope of the EC’s commercial policy in line with the scope of internation

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Waddington, Lisa. "The European Union and the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities: A Story of Exclusive and Shared Competences." Maastricht Journal of European and Comparative Law 18, no. 4 (2011): 431–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1023263x1101800404.

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Puig, Ramón Vidal. "The Scope of the New Exclusive Competence of the European Union with Regard to Foreign Direct Investment." Legal Issues of Economic Integration 40, Issue 2 (2013): 133–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/leie2013008.

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Article 207 TFEU confers upon the European Union exclusive competence with regard to 'foreign direct investment'. This article argues that this competence may be broad enough to cover most, if not all, the matters usually addressed in a Bilateral Investment Treaty. It covers both the initial 'admission' of investments and 'post-admission' matters, such as 'national treatment', 'most-favoured nation treatment' or 'equal and fair treatment'. Member States retain the right to expropriate the assets of foreign investors, but the Union may subject its exercise to certain conditions. Article 207 TFE

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Yotova, Rumiana. "OPINION 2/15 OF THE CJEU: DELINEATING THE SCOPE OF THE NEW EU COMPETENCE IN FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT." Cambridge Law Journal 77, no. 1 (2018): 29–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s000819731800020x.

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ON 16 May 2017, the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) delivered its Opinion 2/15 concerning the competence of the EU to conclude the Free Trade Agreement with Singapore (EUSFTA) (ECLI:EU:C:2017:376). The Opinion was requested by the Commission which argued, with the support of the European Parliament (EP), that the EU had exclusive competence to conclude the EUSFTA. The Council and 25 of the Member States countered that the EUSFTA should be concluded as a mixed agreement – that is, by the EU and each of its members – because some of its provisions fell under the shared competence o

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Baumé, Tristan. "Competence of the Community to Conclude the New Lugano Convention on Jurisdiction and the Recognition and Enforcement of Judgements in Civil and Commercial Matters: Opinion 1/03 of 7 February 2006." German Law Journal 7, no. 8 (2006): 705–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2071832200005022.

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On March 5, 2003, the Council of the European Union (hereafter the ‘Council’) submitted a request for an opinion to the European Court of Justice pursuant to Article 300 (6) EC. This request was intended to clarify whether the Community had an exclusive or shared competence to conclude a new convention on jurisdiction and the recognition and enforcement of judgments in civil and commercial matters intended to replace the existing Lugano Convention (hereafter the ‘new Lugano Convention’ or the ‘envisaged agreement’).

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Li, Guofang, and Huangwei Gao. "An Equity Perspective on Chinese (csol) Teacher Preparation for Global Contexts: Domestic and International Preservice Teachers’ Experiences." Beijing International Review of Education 3, no. 3 (2021): 462–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/25902539-03030001.

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Abstract Using a three-dimensional framework that sees equity as distributed justice, inclusion, and rightful presence, this study examines the perspectives of 60 (40 domestic and 20 international) pre-service csol teachers’ experiences of preparation for teaching in diverse local and global contexts in a major teacher education program in China. Thematic analyses of semi-structured interview data revealed the exclusive Chinese linguistics focus of the program excluded both domestic and international preservice teachers’ needs to learn to teach in csol and through csol. The attention to tradit

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Chalmakoff, R. "Turnkey cleanroom complexes and engineering infrastructure. Professional experience of the company DEAXO in Russia." Nanoindustry Russia 14, no. 5 (2021): 254–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.22184/1993-8578.2021.14.5.254.258.

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The development of "turnkey" cleanrooms is the contemporary task, in demand under the conditions of the growth both of Russian industry and the share of high-tech production, which requires complex solutions from the stage of design development to obtaining certification and post-launching service. DEAXO Company has been developing the advanced technological infrastructure of engineering systems and turnkey cleanroom complexes in Russia for more than 6 years. Within the most innovative, breakthrough fields of development of the national manufacture the company DEAXO creates and realizes exclus

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Sherriff, Andrew. "The EEAS: Navigating EU Inter-Institutional Relations and Africa." European Foreign Affairs Review 26, Issue 1 (2021): 115–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/eerr2021010.

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The first ten years of the European External Action Service (EEAS) coincided with a time of considerable evolution in the global, European, and African landscape. This article explores the success of the EEAS strategic navigation of the EU’s inter-institutional and Member State relationships with Africa. Issues such as diplomatic relations, peace and security, and the Commission’s exclusive and shared competences in trade and development cooperation respectively are examined from the EEAS point of view. It highlights the strategic and practical constraints facing the EEAS that explain not only

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Pas’, Yaryna. "MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OF BANKING BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT." Social & Legal Studios 12, no. 2 (2021): 168–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.32518/2617-4162-2021-2-168-174.

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The current development of the economy and the state of the banking system provokes significant changes in the functioning of banks, especially in conditions of economic and political instability. Rapid response to external and internal factors that affect the development of the banking business is the main task of the bank’s management entity. That is why the issue of management system of banking business development becomes especially significant, which determines the relevance of the chosen topic and the feasibility of the carried out research for the development of the issue. The article e

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Kotsubei, O. O. "EU Criminal Law Policy Under The Lisbon Treaty." Actual problems of improving of current legislation of Ukraine, no. 54 (November 30, 2020): 160–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.15330/apiclu.54.160-169.

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The new provisions introduced by the Lisbon Treaty provide flexibility and thus eliminate many questions about whether the EU can be empowered to act in any area of criminal law. However, its powers and tools raise other issues. First, the Lisbon reforms demonstrate an agreement to disagree on whether centralized action should form a major part of national legislation. Although the application of mutual recognition as a constitutional standard implies that Member States remain at the forefront of law enforcement, the Lisbon Treaty clearly allows for future decisions on the centralization of po

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Ebobrah, Solomon, and Felix Eboibi. "Federalism and the Challenge of Applying International Human Rights Law Against Child Marriage in Africa." Journal of African Law 61, no. 3 (2017): 333–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021855317000195.

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AbstractFederalism presents a dilemma for the implementation of international human rights law in those African states that operate federal constitutions. Central governments in these states enjoy international legal personality, make treaties and represent their states as parties to those treaties, yet internal legislative competence over some issues regulated by treaty is commonly shared between central and regional governments. Consequently, while central governments bear responsibility for transforming international standards into national law, challenges arise in areas such as the protect

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Afonso, Jorge, and Paulo Conceição. "Europeanisation in the Field of Housing: Its Areas of Influence, Different Approaches, Mechanisms, and Missing Links." Social Sciences 13, no. 5 (2024): 268. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/socsci13050268.

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Housing has been, and continues to be, a central concern of economic, geographical and political research, as well as of social debates. It is worth noting that the European Union (EU) does not possess exclusive or shared competence in the field of housing. Rather, its influence is the result of policies in other areas. Building on the call in the literature to examine both Europeanisation and housing studies, we present and discuss the areas of the EU’s influence—economic, environmental, legal, political, social, and urban. The literature shows that these influences have resulted from differe

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А., В. Ткаченко. "МЕДІАПРОСТІР ЯК УМОВА ФОРМУВАННЯ ДИЗАЙНЕРСЬКОЇ КОМПЕТЕНТНОСТІ У МАЙБУТНІХ ФАХІВЦІВ З ОБРАЗОТВОРЧОГО МИСТЕЦТВА". Теорія та методика навчання та виховання, № 42 (14 грудня 2017): 190–98. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1115980.

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<em>The article deals with the problem of media space as a condition for the development of design competences for future specialists in fine arts. The spread of the Internet has created a unique environment where various types of verbal, visual and audio information are synthesized. Media space caused changes in the content of artistic and professional activities and artistic creativity of the design specialist. Until recently, the design of the artistic image was carried out by the traditional method, namely: the artist by analogues, by imagination or from a variety of sketches, sketches cho

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Loncar, Zoran. "Jurisdiction of state administration in the procedure of issuing travel documents." Zbornik Matice srpske za drustvene nauke, no. 135 (2011): 241–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/zmsdn1135041l.

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Under the new law on travel documents, in addition to authority that has the Government of Serbia, in terms of issuing travel documents and a shared competence between the Ministry of Internal Affairs and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs depending on the type of travel document in question. Ministry of Foreign Affairs is authorized to issue a diplomatic passport, official passport and travel document, while all other travel documents are issued by the Ministry of Internal Affairs. When it comes to the passport as the most important travel document the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Internal Af

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Zubir, Zubir, and Alimuddin Alimuddin. "The Absolute Competence of Adat Institutions in Resolving Marital Disputes in Aceh, Indonesia." Al-Qadha : Jurnal Hukum Islam dan Perundang-Undangan 12, no. 1 (2025): 166–80. https://doi.org/10.32505/qadha.v12i1.11149.

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Marital dispute resolution in Aceh reflects a complex interplay between customary authorities, Islamic jurisprudence, and national legal norms. This study explores the extent and nature of the legal competence vested in traditional institutions (lembaga adat) in addressing domestic conflicts, particularly in matters of marriage and family. It raises a critical question: do these institutions exercise absolute authority, or do they function within a broader, shared jurisdictional framework involving state and religious courts?. The research seeks to delineate the formal and functional boundarie

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Balázs, Péter. "Az európai regionális integráció jövője. Kormányzási és elosztási dilemmák." Közgazdasági Szemle 71, no. 5 (2024): 483–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.18414/ksz.2024.5.483.

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The cornerstone of the global system, as well as the EU, is the principle of the sovereign equality of states. However, states are far from being equal. This paradox is one of the main obstacles to the smooth functioning of international organisations, including the EU. Sovereigntist critics of the EU pretend that national competencies are sacrificed in exchange for co-operation and joint governance at a larger scale. In reality, EU membership has widened the scope of member states’ sovereignty: they are better informed and can take part in decision-making at the European level. However, the E

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Becker, Michael A. "Request for an Advisory Opinion Submitted by the Sub-regional Fisheries Commission (SRFC)." American Journal of International Law 109, no. 4 (2015): 851–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.5305/amerjintelaw.109.4.0851.

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On April 2, 2015, the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea (ITLOS or Tribunal) rendered an advisory opinion on the rights and obligations of flag states and coastal states regarding illegal, unreported, and unregulated (IUU) fishing within the exclusive economic zone (EEZ). ITLOS confirmed that the full Tribunal—not just its Seabed Disputes Chamber—has jurisdiction to render advisory opinions, a matter of controversy that had previously been untested. The Tribunal also held that under the 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS or Convention), flag states have a “

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Zaharia, Virginia, and Veronica Pozneacova. "Supranationalism vs. Intergovernmentalism in the Actual Organization of EU." Logos Universality Mentality Education Novelty: Political Sciences & European Studies 6, no. 2 (2020): 47–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.18662/lumenpses/6.2/23.

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In the modern doctrine of law are presented several views that refer to the legal personality of the EU. Some researchers consider that the future of the EU is dominated by some supranational tendencies represented by the deeper supranational integration of member-states within the Union and the diminishing of the importance of member-states governments in comparation with the actual situation. Other researchers note the tendency to increase the role of member-states in determining European policy in the most important areas. This scientists note the increase of intergovernmental tendencies in

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Wuni, Ibrahim Yahaya, Geoffrey Qiping Shen, Adedayo Johnson Ogungbile, and Jonathan Zinzi Ayitey. "Four-pronged decision support framework for implementing industrialized construction projects." Construction Innovation 22, no. 2 (2021): 263–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ci-11-2020-0184.

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Purpose Industrialized construction (IC) is promoted to address some of the ills associated with the processes and products of the traditional construction approach. With several successful projects, IC is progressively becoming a preferred alternative construction approach and spurred the interest of contractors, developers and housing authorities in the technology. Increasingly, these stakeholders are keen to ascertain the compatibility and feasibility of using IC in their projects. This paper aims to develop a knowledge-based decision support framework for implementing industrialized constr

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Leal-Arcas, Rafael. "The European Court of Justice and the EC External Trade Relations: A Legal Analysis of the Court's Problems with Regard to International Agreements." Nordic Journal of International Law 72, no. 2 (2003): 215–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157181003322560565.

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AbstractThis article explains why the WTOand the various agreements that form an integral part of the Agreement establishing the WTO raise problems and challenges for the Court of Justice of the European Communities (ECJ). It focuses on the role of the ECJ in relation to exclusive and shared competence. The European Community's (EC) specific problems and challenges for the ECJ are partly related to the EC's position in the WTO. In this sense, the opinion of Advocate General Tesauro in Hermès International v. FHT Marketing Choice is helpful for understanding the unitary character of the EC's ex

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Ballesteros Barros, Ángel María. "La reinterpretación del Forum Societatis: nota a la Sentencia del TJUE de 7 de marzo de 2018, C-560/16, e.On = Forum Societatis revisited: commentary to the ECJ Judgment of 7 march 2018, c-560/16, e.On." CUADERNOS DE DERECHO TRANSNACIONAL 10, no. 2 (2018): 811. http://dx.doi.org/10.20318/cdt.2018.4403.

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Resumen: La sentencia del TJUE de 7 de marzo de 2018, C-560/16, E.ON, resuelve una cuestión relativa al alcance del foro de competencia exclusiva previsto en el art. 22.2 del Reglamento 44/2001, interpretando que una demanda que tiene por objeto el control judicial del carácter razonable de la contraprestación que el accionista mayoritario de una sociedad debe abonar a sus accionistas minoritarios en caso de transmisión obligatoria de sus acciones es competencia exclusiva de los tribunales del Estado miembro en cuyo territorio está domiciliada dicha sociedad. El presente artículo discrepa del

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Maydell, Niklas. "Lost in Exclusivity: Implied Non–exclusive External Competences in Community Law." European Foreign Affairs Review 13, Issue 4 (2008): 493–513. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/eerr2008037.

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Implied non–exclusive competences empower the Community to conclude international agreements and, if such power is used, forestall Member States from acting. With the focus in this field rather on the more momentous category of implied exclusive competences, the very existence of such competences has either been disputed or has been confirmed without further specification. The authors show that, after inconsistent early case law, matters have been clarified by the Lugano Opinion of the European Court of Justice. As a consequence, it is argued for the facilitation test as criterion for the comi

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Ramírez-García, Antonia, and Natalia González-Fernández. "Media Competence of Teachers and Students of Compulsory Education in Spain." Comunicar 24, no. 49 (2016): 49–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.3916/c49-2016-05.

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Faced with a society that uses the media from dawn until dusk, it is imperative to identify the relationship between users and media. Therefore, this quantitative research aims to determine media competence levels of teachers and students in compulsory education in six areas. Media competence offers a diagnosis of possible shortcomings and needs educational intervention in both groups. Primary education students have shown an intermediate level of media competence. Secondary education students are at a basic level of competence in all the areas, except for technology and media literacy, which

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Kuźnar, Andżelika, and Jerzy Brunon Menkes. "EU-Japan Agreements: Content, Context and Implications." Review of European and Comparative Law 39, no. 4 (2020): 7–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.31743/recl.4839.

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The article analyses the agreements concluded by the EU with Japan: Economic Partnership Agreement, Strategic Partnership Agreementand the negotiated agreement: Investment Protection Agreement. EPA liberalizes trade in goods and services. By setting the legal framework for a strategic partnership, SPA facilitates cooperation against common challenges. IPA will regulate standards for investment protection and disputes resolution. The analysis consists: – the content of the Agreements; – socio-economic and political potential of the parties; – EU’s legal powers to negotiate and conclude ag

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Sacchetti, Silvia, and Ermanno Tortia. "Social responsibility in non-investor-owned organisations." Corporate Governance: The International Journal of Business in Society 20, no. 2 (2020): 343–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/cg-04-2019-0123.

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Purpose This study investigates how the creation of social value occurs in different organisational fields, and how it is implemented by organisations that are typically associated with member welfare and social objectives. The purpose of this study, specifically, is to analyse how social responsibility is implemented in organisational forms that do not pursue profit-making objectives in an exclusive or dominant way, that is, organisations that explicitly shape their aims and governance around the production of social value. Design/methodology/approach The paper discusses the main types of org

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Krzysztofik, Edyta Anna. "Scope and Exercise of the Exclusive Competences of the Member States of the European Union." Review of European and Comparative Law 43, no. 4 (2020): 23–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.31743/recl.6056.

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The process of European integration has introduced the Member States into a new legal reality. The existing exclusivity in the area of competence implementation has been replaced by a two-stage model of their exercise. The Member States, when conferring part of their supervisory powers, did not specify the scope of their own competences. The so-called European clauses were analysed in the Constitutions of selected Member States, which showed that they define the recipient of the conferral and, in a non-uniform manner, specify the subject of the conferral. The analysis of the indicated provisio

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Kukuruz, Sifet. "Izazovi u razumijevanju raspodjele nadležnosti prema ustavu Bosne i Hercegovine u svjetlu teorije suvereniteta / Challenges in Understanding the Distribution of Competences according to the Constitution of Bosnia and Herzegovina in the Light of the Sovereignty Theory." Pregled: časopis za društvena pitanja / Periodical for social issues 64, no. 3 (2024): 197–225. http://dx.doi.org/10.48052/19865244.2023.3.197.

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The paper examines the question of exercising jurisdiction based on the Constitution of BiH from 1995. The author points out that the question of competence is very often misunderstood, and the main reason for such an approach is a legally unfounded understanding of the nature of state power, the concept of sovereignty, and the concept of competence itself. The paper emphasizes that all power that can be based on the Constitution of BiH belongs to the State of BiH, and that the distribution of competences between the State of BiH and its entities does not mean the distribution or reduction of

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Puccio, Laura, Paola Conconi, and Cristina Herghelegiu. "EU Trade Agreements: To Mix or Not to Mix, That Is the Question." Journal of World Trade 55, Issue 2 (2021): 231–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/trad2021009.

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The European Union (EU) can only act internationally on competences that have been transferred to it by its Member States. Trade agreements negotiated by the EU that include provisions outside its exclusive competences should be concluded as ‘mixed’. Mixed trade agreements must be ratified following not only the procedures set out in the EU treaties, but also the national ratification procedures of the Member States. As a result, national or even regional parliaments may block trade deals agreed between the EU and its trading partners after years of negotiations. Should the EU then avoid negot

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Pięta, Paweł. "DEVELOPMENT OF SOCIAL CAPITAL BY STRENGTHENING OF DIGITAL COMPETENCES AMONG GROUPS EXPOSED TO SOCIAL EXCLUSION." Annals of Marketing Management and Economics 4, no. 1 (2018): 73–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.22630/amme.2018.4.1.6.

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Competitive advantage in the professional market is shaped by the competences possessed, i.e. skills, qualifications, and permissions. One of the eight types of key competences mentioned in the European Union documents is digital competence.It is a collection of knowledge, skills, and rudiments necessary for both, the purposeful point of view and active participation of a given person in social life. The low level of digital competences possessed is particularly visible among groups at risk of digital exclusion, in particular among people living in rural areas, the elderly and people with low

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Bakhoum, Mor. "Delimitation and Exercise of Competence between the West African Economic and Monetary Union (WAEMU) and its Member States in Competition Policy." World Competition 29, Issue 4 (2006): 653–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/woco2006044.

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WAEMU’s competition policy has been orientated towards an increasing centralization of competence within the Union by means of unified rules regarding agreements, abuse of dominant position and State aids. Accordingly, Member States have been deprived of all their competence in these fields. When legislating in the field of competition law, WAEMU Member States must respect the scope of the Union’s exclusive competence. Centralization is also to be seen with regard to procedures, which are an exclusive competence of the WAEMU Commission.A critical glance at WAEMU’s competition policy, both in m

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Suddendorf, Thomas, Jessica Crimston, and Jonathan Redshaw. "Preparatory responses to socially determined, mutually exclusive possibilities in chimpanzees and children." Biology Letters 13, no. 6 (2017): 20170170. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2017.0170.

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The capacity to imagine and prepare for alternative future possibilities is central to human cognition. Recent research suggests that between age 2 and 4 children gradually begin to demonstrate a capacity to prepare for two simple, mutually exclusive alternatives of an immediate future event. When children were given the opportunity to catch a target an experimenter dropped into an inverted Y-shaped tube, 2-year olds—as well as great apes—tended to cover only one of the exits, whereas 4-year-olds spontaneously and consistently prepared for both possible outcomes. Here we gave children, age 2 t

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Workman-Stark, Angela. "From exclusion to inclusion." Equality, Diversity and Inclusion: An International Journal 34, no. 8 (2015): 764–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/edi-01-2015-0006.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the cultural aspect of policing, particularly as it relates to the role of gender, and proposes an alternative approach to addressing the culture of masculinity within policing. Design/methodology/approach – First, the author provides a brief overview of the nature of policing. This is followed by a review of the relevant literature on policing and gender and the implications for men, women, and police organizations of adhering to a militarized or hegemonic form of masculinity. Finally, the author discusses Ely and Myerson’s proposed theory for

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Takács, Tamara. "Constitutional Aspects of the EUs Global Actorness: Increased Exclusivity in Trade and Investment and the Role of the European Parliament." European Business Law Review 28, Issue 2 (2017): 103–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/eulr2017009.

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This article argues that ‘exclusive’ competences were instrumental in the development of the EU as a global actor. These competences were particularly helpful in building the EU’s trade and investment policy. The main question raised is to what extent the European Parliament has been able to ensure parliamentary control over these policy areas. It is argued that both new Treaty provisions and Parliament’s own activism have turned the EP into an important actor in relation to control over the Union’s Common Commercial Policy. At the same time, the question is whether the EU’s own constitutional

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Ardington, Angela. "Negotiating shared perspectives that move in and out of sociability." Journal of Language Aggression and Conflict 1, no. 2 (2013): 165–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/jlac.1.2.03ard.

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The topic of the online communication — university staff cuts — generated divergent and highly emotive views expressed in a variety of verbal actions/social practices ranging from language play to face threatening acts of verbal aggression that showed the potential to escalate into serious interpersonal conflict. Posters’ alignment practices are explored to reveal how interpersonal work in verbal conflict is co-constructed. Analysis of topic development, posters’ stance and shifting targets reveals that participants’ communicative behaviors are not driven exclusively towards resolution, rather

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Roh, HyeRin. "Current Basic Medical Education from a Comparative Perspective: Curricula of the United Kingdom, the United States, and Korea." Korean Medical Education Review 27, no. 2 (2025): 103–18. https://doi.org/10.17496/kmer.25.012.

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Poor clinical clerkships, an exclusive focus on scientific medicine, and a lack of scientific attitudes have been identified as key limitations of Korean medical education. This study aims to critically examine the historical and cultural contexts, as well as the evolving trends in medical education in the United Kingdom and the United States, from a comparative education perspective, in order to address these limitations within the Korean context. The United Kingdom values diversity, democracy, knowledge, and the National Health Service, which have shaped UK medical education to emphasize: (1

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Manfredi Latilla, Vito, Federico Frattini, Antonio Messeni Petruzzelli, and Martina Berner. "Knowledge management and knowledge transfer in arts and crafts organizations: evidence from an exploratory multiple case-study analysis." Journal of Knowledge Management 23, no. 7 (2019): 1335–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jkm-11-2018-0699.

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Purpose This paper aims to analyse and discuss five longitudinal case studies in which the authors have investigated how, in a specific subset of the creative industry, i.e. the arts and crafts organizations, knowledge can be systematized and transferred, becoming a real source of competitive advantage. Design/methodology/approach As no prior empirical research on the relationship among knowledge, knowledge transfer the role of craftsmen is available, an exploratory, qualitative research design seems advisable to study the phenomenon in detail. In setting up a multiple case study, the authors

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Zaleśny, Jacek. "Judicial Legislation as a Form of Appropriation of Competences Not Conferred upon the EU and the CJEU." Gdańskie Studia Prawnicze, no. 4(56)/2022 (December 15, 2022): 99–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.26881/gsp.2022.4.08.

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The gloss refers to a judgment of the CJEU of 15 July 2021 in case C 791/19 European Commission v Republic of Poland, in which the court adjudicated regarding the EU compliance of national regulations on the system of the organs of judicial authority. It is argued that the problem of the system of the organs of judicial authority in EU member states does not fall within the competence granted to the EU, but remains the exclusive competence of Member States themselves. The CJEU is empowered to adjudicate only within the scope of competences conferred upon the EU, and is not competent to take ov

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Yue, Chen, Yang, and Ye. "Threshold Determination for Sharing Bus Rapid Transit–Exclusive Lanes with Conventional Buses." Sustainability 11, no. 17 (2019): 4592. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11174592.

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Sharing bus rapid transit (BRT) exclusive lanes with conventional buses is being considered to solve the problem of low utilization rate of BRT-exclusive lanes. However, the quantitative conditions and threshold that determine when to share need to be study. This paper took the common section of BRT and conventional bus lines as its research object. Practical investigation was conducted to analyze shared characteristics from multiple perspectives and explore influencing factors and mechanisms for sharing implementation. Based on the survey results, analytical models were established to quantif

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ABDELAAL, MOHAMED, MAURO FOIS, GIUSEPPE FENU, and GIANLUIGI BACCHETTA. "Critical checklist of the endemic vascular plants of Egypt." Phytotaxa 360, no. 1 (2018): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.360.1.2.

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After many recent findings regarding geographical distribution and nomenclatural changes, an updated and revised checklist of the Egyptian endemic flora was needed. This study provides an up to date checklist of vascular taxa exclusive to Egypt and their distribution within the administrative provinces. Egypt hosts 48 endemic taxa (including 35 species, seven subspecies and six varieties) belonging to 42 genera, 18 families and representing 2.3% of the total flora. The most represented families are Asteraceae, Lamiaceae, Caryophyllaceae, Fabaceae, Asparagaceae and Brassicaceae, while the most

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Bischoff, Jan Asmus. "Just a little bit of mixity? The EUs role in the field of international investment protection law." Common Market Law Review 48, Issue 5 (2011): 1527–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/cola2011060.

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With the entry into force of the Lisbon Treaty, the Common Commercial Policy (CCP) has been extended to foreign direct investment (FDI). However, the scope of these (exclusive) competences under the CCP is limited and thus does not pertain to all issues governed by contemporary bilateral investment treaties (BITs). Rather, the competences for such BITs are mixed. Therefore, future agreements will have to be concluded by the EU and the its Member States together unless the EU is prepared to exclude the protection of certain investments from its agenda. But mixed agreements on investment protect

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Lazăr, Carmen. "SUBSIDIARITY IN THE UNION LAW: A SUCCESS OR A FAILURE?" Agora International Journal of Juridical Sciences 8, no. 1 (2014): 71–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.15837/aijjs.v8i1.950.

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The principle of subsidiarity has been introduced in the Union law, as a constitutionalprinciple, by the Treaty on the European Union in order to protect the competences and theauthonomy of the member States from the interferences of the Union (the EuropeanCommunity at that moment) in the areas of shared competence. It is not sure today that it hassucceeded to fulfil this role. Due to their functional nature, the competences of the Union hasgradually expanded until now.

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Carreño Bolivar, Laura Lucia. "Promoting Meaningful Encounters as a Way to Enhance Intercultural Competences." Colombian Applied Linguistics Journal 20, no. 1 (2018): 120–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.14483/22487085.11987.

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This article aims at sharing an experience in which an Intercultural Competences based course was taught to university level students in a Colombian higher education institution. Topics such as minority groups, national identity and racism were included in the course syllabus in order to raise students´ awareness regarding the importance of interculturality. Students´ posts and survey responses are shared in order to portray their perceptions regarding the course and its influence on the development of intercultural competences.

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Bleichenbacher, Lukas, and Anna Schröder-Sura. "Towards language-sensitive teacher education: Developing a teacher competence taxonomy for the language dimension in languages and other subjects." Nordic Journal of Language Teaching and Learning 12, no. 2 (2024): C—CV. https://doi.org/10.46364/njltl.v12i2.1291.

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One of the aims of teacher education is to contribute to continuity in plurilingual, intercultural, and language-sensitive education, across subjects and educational levels. In this paper, we present selected results of two European projects that support this aim. The article outlines the background and potential of a taxonomy of teacher competences that exemplifies dimensions of language-related teacher competence shared by teachers of languages and other subjects. The dimensions include descriptors for teaching competences proper, for collaboration with other teachers and stakeholders, and f

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Evaldsson, Ann-Carita, and Britt Tellgren. "‘Don’t enter – it’s dangerous’: Negotiations for power and exclusion in pre-school girls’ play interactions." Educational and Child Psychology 26, no. 2 (2009): 9–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.53841/bpsecp.2009.26.2.9.

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Instead of focussing on the implications of children’s play for individual development, this study explores children’s play participation and their appropriation of cultural resources, as collective cultural productions. In short, we are interested in the communicative competencies involved in the collective processes of social exclusion in girls’ play, and how these processes are part of children’s emerging peer culture and their place in the adult world. Data are drawn from ethnographic research in children’s peer groups in a pre-school setting in Sweden. The approach taken combines ethnogra

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Czaja, Ludwik. "Exclusive Access to Resources in Distributed Shared Memory Architecture." Fundamenta Informaticae 119, no. 3-4 (2012): 265–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/fi-2012-737.

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Freyens, Benoît Pierre. "Shared or exclusive radio waves? A dilemma gone astray." Telematics and Informatics 27, no. 3 (2010): 293–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tele.2009.11.002.

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