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Khan, Salman. "Putting checkpoints to work in thread level speculative execution." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/4676.
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With the advent of Chip Multi Processors (CMPs), improving performance relies on the programmers/compilers to expose thread level parallelism to the underlying hardware. Unfortunately, this is a difficult and error-prone process for the programmers, while state of the art compiler techniques are unable to provide significant benefits for many classes of applications. An interesting alternative is offered by systems that support Thread Level Speculation (TLS), which relieve the programmer and compiler from checking for thread dependencies and instead use the hardware to enforce them. Unfortunately, data misspeculation results in a high cost since all the intermediate results have to be discarded and threads have to roll back to the beginning of the speculative task. For this reason intermediate checkpointing of the state of the TLS threads has been proposed. When the violation does occur, we now have to roll back to a checkpoint before the violating instruction and not to the start of the task. However, previous work omits study of the microarchitectural details and implementation issues that are essential for effective checkpointing. Further, checkpoints have only been proposed and evaluated for a narrow class of benchmarks. This thesis studies checkpoints on a state of the art TLS system running a variety of benchmarks. The mechanisms required for checkpointing and the costs associated are described. Hardware modifications required for making checkpointed execution efficient in time and power are proposed and evaluated. Further, the need for accurately identifying suitable points for placing checkpoints is established. Various techniques for identifying these points are analysed in terms of both effectiveness and viability. This includes an extensive evaluation of data dependence prediction techniques. The results show that checkpointing thread level speculative execution results in consistent power savings, and for many benchmarks leads to speedups as well.
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Martinsen, Jan Kasper. "Evaluating JavaScript Execution Behavior and Improving the Performance of Web Applications with Thread-Level Speculation." Licentiate thesis, Karlskrona : Blekinge Institute of Technology, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-00514.
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This thesis addresses two issues: (i) The execution behavior of JavaScript in established benchmarks and in real-world Web Applications and (ii) whether Thread-Level Speculation is a suitable technique for taking advantage of multicore systems in Web Applications written in JavaScript. The first key result is that JavaScript execution behavior by the benchmarks and the JavaScript execution behavior by the Web Applications differ in several important aspects. For instance Web Applications often use function types such as anonymous and eval functions. Our results also show that just-in-time compilation often increases the execution time of Web Applications, despite that just-in-time compilation decreases the execution time for most of the benchmarks. The second key result is that our implementation of Thread-Level Speculation shows that it can be used to take advantage of multicore systems for Web Applications. We have measured the effect on the execution time for a set of Web Applications, and found that we are able to reduce JavaScript execution time more than 8 times compared to the sequential version on a dual quad core computer. For our use-cases we found that we used between 1.1 and 31.0 MB to store information associated with speculation.
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Cuvillo, Juan del. "Breaking away from the OS shadow a program execution model aware thread virtual machine for multicore architectures /." Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file, 120 p, 2008. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1601517941&sid=4&Fmt=2&clientId=8331&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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Souček, Dan. "Možnosti vývoje vícevláknových aplikací na platformě Java 8." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-193899.
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This master thesis is a programmer's guide book of a concurrent programming on the Java 8 platform. Concurrency brings additional issues that cannot occur in single-threaded ap-plications. One of the thesis' objectives is to analyze these issues and introduce several principles that, in case they are properly followed, help to create flawless and well-behaving concurrent applications. Another goal of this thesis is to describe the Java con-currency programming from the theoretical point of view. Firstly, the thesis is focused on basic thread development and synchronization issues. Later, it introduces the features and instruments that are provided by Java 5 and higher versions. The theoretical passages are enriched by practical examples that perform discussed features and help to clarify some specific issues. The thesis is written in Czech language and covers large set of concurrency topics from the very basics through the utility libraries to modern instruments present in Java 8.
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Gustavsson, Andreas. "Static Execution Time Analysis of Parallel Systems." Doctoral thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Inbyggda system, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-31399.
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The past trend of increasing processor throughput by increasing the clock frequency and the instruction level parallelism is no longer feasible due to extensive power consumption and heat dissipation. Therefore, the current trend in computer hardware design is to expose explicit parallelism to the software level. This is most often done using multiple, relatively slow and simple, processing cores situated on a single processor chip. The cores usually share some resources on the chip, such as some level of cache memory (which means that they also share the interconnect, e.g., a bus, to that memory and also all higher levels of memory). To fully exploit this type of parallel processor chip, programs running on it will have to be concurrent. Since multi-core processors are the new standard, even embedded real-time systems will (and some already do) incorporate this kind of processor and concurrent code. A real-time system is any system whose correctness is dependent both on its functional and temporal behavior. For some real-time systems, a failure to meet the temporal requirements can have catastrophic consequences. Therefore, it is crucial that methods to derive safe estimations on the timing properties of parallel computer systems are developed, if at all possible. This thesis presents a method to derive safe (lower and upper) bounds on the execution time of a given parallel system, thus showing that such methods must exist. The interface to the method is a small concurrent programming language, based on communicating and synchronizing threads, that is formally (syntactically and semantically) defined in the thesis. The method is based on abstract execution, which is itself based on abstract interpretation techniques that have been commonly used within the field of timing analysis of single-core computer systems, to derive safe timing bounds in an efficient (although, over-approximative) way. The thesis also proves the soundness of the presented method (i.e., that the estimated timing bounds are indeed safe) and evaluates a prototype implementation of it.<br>Den strategi som historiskt sett använts för att öka processorers prestanda (genom ökad klockfrekvens och ökad instruktionsnivåparallellism) är inte längre hållbar på grund av den ökade energikonsumtion som krävs. Därför är den nuvarande trenden inom processordesign att låta mjukvaran påverka det parallella exekveringsbeteendet. Detta görs vanligtvis genom att placera multipla processorkärnor på ett och samma processorchip. Kärnorna delar vanligtvis på några av processorchipets resurser, såsom cache-minne (och därmed också det nätverk, till exempel en buss, som ansluter kärnorna till detta minne, samt alla minnen på högre nivåer). För att utnyttja all den prestanda som denna typ av processorer erbjuder så måste mjukvaran som körs på dem kunna delas upp över de tillgängliga kärnorna. Eftersom flerkärniga processorer är standard idag så måste även realtidssystem baseras på dessa och den nämnda typen av kod. Ett realtidssystem är ett datorsystem som måste vara både funktionellt och tidsmässigt korrekt. För vissa typer av realtidssystem kan ett inkorrekt tidsmässigt beteende ha katastrofala följder. Därför är det ytterst viktigt att metoder för att analysera och beräkna säkra gränser för det tidsmässiga beteendet hos parallella datorsystem tas fram. Denna avhandling presenterar en metod för att beräkna säkra gränser för exekveringstiden hos ett givet parallellt system, och visar därmed att sådana metoder existerar. Gränssnittet till metoden är ett litet formellt definierat trådat programmeringsspråk där trådarna tillåts kommunicera och synkronisera med varandra. Metoden baseras på abstrakt exekvering för att effektivt beräkna de säkra (men ofta överskattade) gränserna för exekveringstiden. Abstrakt exekvering baseras i sin tur på abstrakta interpreteringstekniker som vida används inom tidsanalys av sekventiella datorsystem. Avhandlingen bevisar även korrektheten hos den presenterade metoden (det vill säga att de beräknade gränserna för det analyserade systemets exekveringstid är säkra) och utvärderar en prototypimplementation av den.<br>Worst-Case Execution Time Analysis of Parallel Systems<br>RALF3 - Software for Embedded High Performance Architectures
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Shu, Xiaokui. "Threat Detection in Program Execution and Data Movement: Theory and Practice." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/71463.
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Program attacks are one of the oldest and fundamental cyber threats. They compromise the confidentiality of data, the integrity of program logic, and the availability of services. This threat becomes even severer when followed by other malicious activities such as data exfiltration. The integration of primitive attacks constructs comprehensive attack vectors and forms advanced persistent threats.
Along with the rapid development of defense mechanisms, program attacks and data leak threats survive and evolve. Stealthy program attacks can hide in long execution paths to avoid being detected. Sensitive data transformations weaken existing leak detection mechanisms. New adversaries, e.g., semi-honest service provider, emerge and form threats.
This thesis presents theoretical analysis and practical detection mechanisms against stealthy program attacks and data leaks. The thesis presents a unified framework for understanding different branches of program anomaly detection and sheds light on possible future program anomaly detection directions. The thesis investigates modern stealthy program attacks hidden in long program executions and develops a program anomaly detection approach with data mining techniques to reveal the attacks. The thesis advances network-based data leak detection mechanisms by relaxing strong requirements in existing methods. The thesis presents practical solutions to outsource data leak detection procedures to semi-honest third parties and identify noisy or transformed data leaks in network traffic.<br>Ph. D.
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Gustavsson, Andreas. "Static Timing Analysis of Parallel Systems Using Abstract Execution." Licentiate thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Inbyggda system, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-26125.
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The Power Wall has stopped the past trend of increasing processor throughput by increasing the clock frequency and the instruction level parallelism.Therefore, the current trend in computer hardware design is to expose explicit parallelism to the software level.This is most often done using multiple processing cores situated on a single processor chip.The cores usually share some resources on the chip, such as some level of cache memory (which means that they also share the interconnect, e.g. a bus, to that memory and also all higher levels of memory), and to fully exploit this type of parallel processor chip, programs running on it will have to be concurrent.Since multi-core processors are the new standard, even embedded real-time systems will (and some already do) incorporate this kind of processor and concurrent code. A real-time system is any system whose correctness is dependent both on its functional and temporal output. For some real-time systems, a failure to meet the temporal requirements can have catastrophic consequences. Therefore, it is of utmost importance that methods to analyze and derive safe estimations on the timing properties of parallel computer systems are developed. This thesis presents an analysis that derives safe (lower and upper) bounds on the execution time of a given parallel system.The interface to the analysis is a small concurrent programming language, based on communicating and synchronizing threads, that is formally (syntactically and semantically) defined in the thesis.The analysis is based on abstract execution, which is itself based on abstract interpretation techniques that have been commonly used within the field of timing analysis of single-core computer systems, to derive safe timing bounds in an efficient (although, over-approximative) way.Basically, abstract execution simulates the execution of several real executions of the analyzed program in one go.The thesis also proves the soundness of the presented analysis (i.e. that the estimated timing bounds are indeed safe) and includes some examples, each showing different features or characteristics of the analysis.<br>Worst-Case Execution Time Analysis of Parallel Systems<br>RALF3 - Software for Embedded High Performance Architectures
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Idlan, Rabihah Zakaria B. "Three papers in executive remuneration." Thesis, Lancaster University, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.524721.
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Zhao, Jinsha. "Three essays in executive compensation." Thesis, Lancaster University, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.664460.
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This thesis investigates three theoretical problems in executive compensation literature. They involve extension of a standard principal-agent model, incorporating taxation into the valuation of executive stock options, and the pricing of executive stock options in the presence of managerial effort. Empirical literature has long addressed the endogeneity of capital structure and executive compensation. Yet few models, which optimally determine executive compensation, explicitly introduce capital structure choice. Chapter 2 proposes a principal-agent model in which the capital structure, compensation and managerial actions are simultaneously determined. Based on our numerical results leverage has two effects on managerial actions. One is to discipline the manager and the other is to replace the incentive effect of compensation. Two such effects exist because volatility is chosen by the manager. The basic model is also extended to include debt-like compensation. Our results show that for a given leverage level, rewarding the manager with debt makes her work harder but take less risk. But debt compensation cannot limit risk neutral shareholders' risk appetite; we hence conclude that only a combination of capital and pay regulation, which restricts both risk-taking of shareholders and incentives of the manager, can significantly reduce the firm's risk. Taxation is an important consideration in the design of executive (and employee) compensation. It directly affects the firm's revenue as well as the executive's after tax income. Once the compensation is granted, taxes also affect the early exercise strategy of the components of the compensation. Chapter 3 explores the executive (and employees) compensation with tax. Specifically, we build a tax-inclusive valuation model. The new feature of the model is an addition of a tax decision, which allows the executive (and employees) to optimally sell stock to maximize after-tax terminal utility. The stock selling decision is very similar to an option exercise decision. The valuation 'model essentially has two embedded options: one option is when to exercise the stock option and the other option is when to sell the stock. This new feature allows different exercise policies for executive stock options under different tax schemes. We apply the model to the US and the UK tax system. The findings suggest that restricted stock is the preferred form of compensation in the US. In the UK, restricted stock is only preferred when the executive has low wealth. We also investigate incentives of a special tax scheme - section 83b election - which gives employees a choice to pay income tax at grant date. This voluntary election allows the executive to accelerate ta.x on restricted stock. Our results suggest that 83b election is not optimal for the manager, who would get double-taxed. And it is not optimal for the issuing firm either, as restricted stock without the election can provide higher incentives at lower cost. The value of executive stock options (ESOs) should depend on the manager's ability to influence firm value. ESOs are granted under the assumption that the executive could make the firm value increase. However, ESOs are always valued with no managerial influence. Chapter 4 examines valuation of ESOs, with the assumption that the manager can influence the firm value via her effort choice. The manager influences stock prices by exerting effort, which increases the firm's stock expected return. Effort leads to a disutility (which can be regarded as effort cost) to the risk-averse, utility-maximizing manager. In addition to the effort choice, the market asset. is also introduced to the manager's investment set. Effort increases the manager's subjective valuation as well as the cost of ESO. The standard principal-agent model is not strictly speaking consistent with general equilibrium models like CAP1vI. Managerial effort is generally not priced under these equilibrium models, because all managers are pricetakers. For this reason, we assume that CAPM does not strictly hold when effort is introduced. Our results show that the manager's value and the cost increase with the correlation, because the manager delays a value destroying early exercise. We also show that the manager's subjective value of the ESO is higher than the cost only when the manager has low wealth, low risk-aversion, and the stock has a low volatility. Under these scenarios, the manager's marginal utility is high and effort has a large impact on the manager's valuation. As a result, the value is higher than the cost. These results suggest that managers of large public firms are less likely to value their ESOs higher than the cost; while managers of small non-public firms are likely to value their ESOs far higher than their cost. The result may explain why ESO is so popular in small startup firms, where ESO is most likely to be valued higher than the cost.
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Sharma, Vaibhav. "Three Essays On Executive Compensation." Available to subscribers only, 2009. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1879096991&sid=5&Fmt=2&clientId=1509&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Southern Illinois University Carbondale, 2009.<br>"Department of Finance." Keywords: Agency theory, Executive compensation, Mergers and acquisitions, Spin-offs. Includes bibliographical references (p. 81-86). Also available online.
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Heimes, Moritz [Verfasser]. "Three Essays on Executive Compensation / Moritz Heimes." Konstanz : Bibliothek der Universität Konstanz, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1047063107/34.
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Vandenberg, Neal Andrew. "THREE STUDIES ON EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION CLAWBACK PROVISIONS." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2018. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/496466.
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Business Administration/Accounting<br>D.B.A.<br>This dissertation contains three studies relating to executive compensation clawback policies. In the first study (Chapter 3), I investigate the relation between voluntary clawback adoption and shareholder satisfaction. I find that various measures of shareholder dissatisfaction are associated with an increased likelihood of initial clawback adoption and, for firms that already have one in place, an increased likelihood of clawback enhancement. When investigating the impact of clawbacks on shareholder dissatisfaction, measured with say-on-pay (SOP) voting dissent, I find voting dissent is reduced when clawbacks include a reporting-focused trigger. I also find partial evidence that clawbacks reduce SOP voting dissent associated with abnormal CEO compensation, suggesting that shareholders assign greater value to the clawback policy as the value of abnormal compensation increases. In Chapter 4, I examine the relation between earnings quality and variations in the features of clawback policies: the types of trigger events, the executives covered, the amount of compensation subject to clawback, and board discretion in clawback enforcement. The results suggest that earnings quality increases when clawbacks contain reporting-focused triggers and that more automatic clawbacks improve perceptions of reporting quality. In Chapter 5, I examine the relation between mandatory clawbacks, which are required for firms participating in the Troubled Asset Relief Program (TARP), and both observed earnings quality and perceptions of earnings quality. The findings suggest that mandatory clawbacks are associated with improvements in auditor’s perceptions of reporting quality. However, they are also associated with a greater likelihood of financial restatement, indicating that government mandated clawbacks may reduce the quality of earnings. The results of these studies may be of interest to regulators as they work towards the final rules governing mandatory clawbacks under Section 954 of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act.<br>Temple University--Theses
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Dautriche, Rémy. "Multi-scale interaction techniques for the interactive visualization of execution traces." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016GREAM046/document.
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Développer des applications de streaming multimedia pour systèmes embarqués devient une tâche de plus en plus complexe. De nouveaux standards multimedia apparaissent régulièrement sur le marché pour supporter de meilleures résolutions et délivrer du contenu multimedia de meilleure qualité. Une conséquence est la complexification des plateformes matérielles et du développement logiciel. La méthode traditionnelle de débogage pour les applications de streaming multimedia est l'utilisation de traces d'exécution. Cependant, la quantité de données générée par les logiciels modernes augmente et les outils existants ne passent pas à l'échelle, ne permettent plus un débogage efficace. Dans cette thèse, nous nous focalisons sur de nouvelles techniques de visualisation enrichies par des résultats d'algorithmes de fouille de données afin de permettre une analyse efficace des traces d'exécution.Nous commençons par présenter les Slick Graphs, une technique de découpage et de lissage pour la visualisation de séries temporelles. Les Slick Graphs minimisent les artéfacts introduits par les techniques de lissage traditionnelles en utilisant le plus petit intervalle possible: les pixels. A travers une étude utilisateur, nous montrons que les Slick Graphs sont significativement plus rapides et plus précis avec des données périodiques. Nous proposons ensuite un nouveau système de visualisation interactive, TraceViz, pour explorer les traces d'exécution à différents niveaux de détails. Avec TraceViz, nous introduisons aussi un back-end permettant l'exploration interactive de trace d'exécution de taille importante. Nous fournissons une analyse de performance montrant que le back-end de TraceViz délivre des performances significativement meilleures que les back-end utilisés dans les outils de débogage disponibles aujourd'hui.Les traces contiennent aussi de nombreuses informations importantes qui peuvent être calculées avec des algorithmes de fouille de données comme par exemple l'existence de séquences d’événements répétées au cours de la trace ou des comportements périodiques. Cependant, même si les techniques de fouille de données permettent d'avoir une meilleure compréhension des traces d'exécution, leurs résultats sont difficiles à exploiter dû au grand nombre de motifs à examiner un par un manuellement. Nous proposons une nouvelle méthode d'analyse visuelle qui permet de visualiser les structures cachées dans une traces comme les séquences répétées et la périodicité d'un ensemble d’événements, permettant de rapidement avoir une compréhension fine de la trace. Enfin, nous montrons aussi comment notre méthode peut être appliquées à différents types de données, autres que les traces d'exécution<br>Developing streaming multimedia applications on embedded systems becomes increasingly complex over time. New multimedia standards reach the market to support better resolutions and overall improved quality delivered to the end-user. Consequently, hardware platforms complexify and developing the software to fully exploit them becomes harder at each new generation. The traditional debugging method for streaming applications is the usage of execution traces. However, the amount of data generated by modern software largely increases and existing tools do not allow an efficient debugging process as they become unable to tackle large amounts of data. In this thesis, we focus on new interactive visualization techniques enriched by results of data mining algorithms for a more efficient analysis of execution traces for multimedia applications.First, we introduce Slick Graphs, a binning and smoothing technique for time series visualization. Slick Graphs mitigate the quantization artifacts, introduced by the traditional smoothing techniques, by using the smallest possible binning intervals, i.e. pixels. We compared Slick Graphs to traditional smoothing techniques in a user study and show that the Slick Graphs are significantly faster and more accurate when working with periodic data. We then propose a novel interaction visualization framework, TraceViz, to explore the execution traces at different level of details and integrate the Slick Graphs to provide a global overview of the trace. With TraceViz, we also introduce a fast back-end to support the interactive browsing of huge traces. We perform a performance analysis to show that the TraceViz back-end outperforms the back-end used in state-of-the-art debugging tools for execution traces.Execution traces contain meaningful information that can be computed using data mining techniques. A wide range of patterns can be computed and provide valuable information: for example existence of repeated sequences of events or periodic behaviors. However, while pattern mining approaches provide a deeper understanding of the traces, their results is hard to understand due to the large amount of patterns that have to be examined one by one. We propose a novel visual analytics method that allows to immediately visualize hidden structures such as repeated sets/sequences and periodicity, allowing to quickly gain a deep understanding of the trace. Finally, we also show how our method can be applied with different types of data than execution traces
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Yoder, Elliott Cory. "The Yoder Three-tier Model for Optimal Planning and Execution of Contingency Contracting." Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/351.
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MBA Professional Report<br>Acquisition research (Graduate School of Business & Public Policy)<br>Contingency efforts in Iraq, Afghanistan, and several other countries in the last few years have been subjected to close scrutiny and critique. Contingency Contracting operations are increasingly the major source of support and provisioning in forward theaters, especially in light of reductions in organic (non-contracted) support capabilities. Recently, theater combatant commanders have come to rely on contingency contracting officers to support coalition forces, and concurrently, to achieve a transformation of the economic landscape essential for achieving theater objectives. But, critics of recent operations cite deficiencies in DoD's ability to effectively and efficiently conduct a coordinated contracting support effort that integrates the combatant commander's theater objectives with the myriad stakeholders deemed essential for success. Can we, the military, achieve better results? The author contends that with proper understanding of integrated planning and execution, contingency contracting operations can, and will, provide significant leverage for achieving the combatant commander's objectives.
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Homroy, Swarnodeep. "Three essays in executive compensation and corporate governance." Thesis, Lancaster University, 2013. http://eprints.lancs.ac.uk/68782/.
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Sellars, Maura. "Intrapersonal intelligence, executive function and stage three students." Thesis, Australian Catholic University, 2010. https://acuresearchbank.acu.edu.au/download/59c0eff56b754c9193751b2ecdb02fef6f8f6d20f2435c977bc236bac02b3d45/3300209/65082_downloaded_stream_307.pdf.
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This study investigated the capacities of ten to twelve year old students to develop the cognitive capacity of intrapersonal intelligence as defined by Howard Gardner. A group of forty, ten to twelve year old students across three Stage Three New South Wales classrooms were introduced to an Intervention Program specifically designed to foster their self knowledge as learners and their capacities to use this knowledge to develop the knowledge, skills and understandings collectively known as 'executive function'. The Intervention Program incorporated the theoretical foundations of the Multiple Intelligences perspective of executive function as defined by Moran and Gardner. The students were engaged in self selected learning tasks in the key learning area of English with the intention of helping them to identify their own relative strengths and relative limitations in this curriculum area. The program included a variety of activities and procedures including those that required students to determine their own learning goals, engage in reflective journaling both during the tasks and at the conclusion of the tasks and identify, plan and implement their own learning strategies in order to achieve their learning goals in English. The three participating teachers undertook to provide information related to the students' work habits, on task behaviors, self monitoring strategies, the students' capacities to improve their cognitive strategies when working on their self selected tasks and the students' abilities to use these skills, knowledge and understandings to improve their learning outcomes in English. The results obtained evidenced a considerable improvement in the students' intrapersonal intelligence, most especially in the knowledge, skills and understandings identified as 'executive function'.;The students became increasingly competent in the skills of planning, implementing and self monitoring; identified by Moran and Gardner as the 'hill' the 'will' and the 'skill'; in relation to their self selected learning goals in English and began to take increased responsibility for their own learning in English. In this way, they began to exhibit the distinct characteristics of the 'apprentice stage' of 'executive function' as described by Moran and Gardner. As the result of the findings of this study, there are clear implications that if students are provided with opportunities to develop their intrapersonal intelligence as learners, this improved awareness of 'self' as learners can be translated into improved skills in the understandings, knowledge and skills that comprise 'executive function' from a Multiple Intelligences perspective and result in improved learning outcomes. This study indicates that if teachers are able to provide students with the opportunities to know themselves better as learners, have some choice in determining the tasks that best suit their learning preferences and determine their own learning strategies, then the impact on students' capacities to 'learn how to learn' effectively is positive. The findings of the study also indicate that programs designed to support student learning through improved intrapersonal intelligence also supports teachers' attempts to implement differentiated programs of work effectively in their classrooms and to meet the learning needs of all their students in the context of a rapidly changing twenty first century world and its ever increasing demands on the teaching profession. As a result, programs such as the one designed and implemented in this study may become a valuable part of school practice and curricula.
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Chang, Yuk Ying. "Three essays on corporate finance /." View Abstract or Full-Text, 2003. http://library.ust.hk/cgi/db/thesis.pl?FINA%202003%20CHANG.
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Kley, Friedrich [Verfasser]. "Executive Compensation : Three Essays on Managerial Risk-Taking, Long-Term Orientation, and Convergence in Executive Compensation / Friedrich Kley." Baden-Baden : Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG, 2017. http://d-nb.info/116048063X/34.
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Mukherjee, Anway. "Power-Performance-Predictability: Managing the Three Cornerstones of Resource Constrained Real-Time System Design." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/95472.
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This dissertation explores several challenges that plague the hardware-software co-design of popular resource constrained real-time embedded systems. We specifically tackle existing real-world problems, and address them through our design solutions which are highly scalable, and have practical feasibility as verified through our solution implementation on real-world hardware.
We address the problem of poor battery life in mobile embedded devices caused due to side-by-side execution of multiple applications in split-screen mode. Existing industry solutions either restricts the number of applications that can run simultaneously, limit their functionality, and/or increase the hardware capacity of the battery associated with the system. We exploit the gap in research on performance and power trade-off in smartphones to propose an integrated energy management solution, that judiciously minimizes the system-wide energy consumption with negligible effect on its quality of service (QoS).
Another important real-world requirement in today's interconnected world is the need for security. In the domain of real-time computing, it is not only necessary to secure the system but also maintain its timeliness. Some example security mechanisms that may be used in a hard real-time system include, but are not limited to, security keys, protection of intellectual property (IP) of firmware and application software, one time password (OTP) for software certification on-the-fly, and authenticated computational off-loading. Existing design solutions require expensive, custom-built hardware with long time-to-market or time-to-deployment cycle. A readily available alternative is the use of trusted execution environment (TEE) on commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) embedded processors. However, utilizing TEE creates multiple challenges from a real-time perspective, which includes additional time overhead resulting in possible deadline misses. Second, trusted execution may adversely affect the deterministic execution of the system, as tasks running inside a TEE may need to communicate with other tasks that are executing on the native real-time operating system. We propose three different solutions to address the need for a new task model that can capture the complex relationship between performance and predictability for real-time tasks that require secure execution inside TEE. We also present novel task assignment and scheduling frameworks for real-time trusted execution on COTS processors to improve task set schedulability. We extensively assess the pros and cons of our proposed approaches in comparison to the state-of-the-art techniques in custom-built real-world hardware for feasibility, and simulated environments to test our solutions' scalability.<br>Doctor of Philosophy<br>Today's real-world problems demand real-time solutions. These solutions need to be practically feasible, and scale well with increasing end user demands. They also need to maintain a balance between system performance and predictability, while achieving minimum energy consumption. A recent example of technological design problem involves ways to improve the battery lifetime of mobile embedded devices, for example, smartphones, while still achieving the required performance objectives. For instance, smartphones that run Android OS has the capability to run multiple applications concurrently using a newly introduced split-screen mode of execution, where applications can run side-by-side at the same time on screen while using the same shared resources (e.g., CPU, memory bandwidth, peripheral devices etc.). While this can improve the overall performance of the system, it can also lead to increased energy consumption, thereby directly affecting the battery life.
Another technological design problem involves ways to protect confidential proprietary information from being siphoned out of devices by external attackers. Let us consider a surveillance unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) as an example. The UAV must perform sensitive tasks, such as obtaining coordinates of interest for surveillance, within a given time duration, also known as task deadline. However, an attacker may learn how the UAV communicates with ground control, and take control of the UAV, along with the sensitive information it carries. Therefore, it is crucial to protect such sensitive information from access by an unauthorized party, while maintaining the system's task deadlines.
In this dissertation, we explore these two real-world design problems in depth, observe the challenges associated with them, while presenting several solutions to tackle the issues. We extensively assess the pros and cons of our proposed approaches in comparison to the state-of- the-art techniques in custom-built real-world hardware, and simulated environments to test our solutions' scalability.
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Chen, Jie. "Three essays on firm default risk, executive compensation and institutional investors." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.658840.
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The thesis is arranged as three topics. The first topic is a joint work with my supervisor Paula Hill. We compare diverse measures of default risk (including both academic models and credit ratings) before examining its relationship with stock returns. The second topic is a joint work with my supervisors Neslihan Ozkan and Paula Hill and we examine the relationship between firm default risk and executive compensation. The third topic is a sole authored work in which I provide more evidence that correlated overpayments of CEOs and directors are symptomatic of agency problems related to cronyism. Cronyism is a term used to describe a phenomenon in which directors do not protect the interests of shareholders and choose to collude with the CEO for private benefits (Brick et al., 2006). In the first essay, we find considerable variation in the mean probability of default across our academic models. The correlations between the measures of default risk are significant at a 1 % level and yet tend to be less than 50%. The rating-based measures of default risk (i.e. S&P's and Moody's ratings) are highly correlated with each other (0.962) but have a maximum correlation of 0.498 with the academic models. Moreover, we show that different assumptions can lead to divergent assessments of default risk even where default risk measures appear similar theoretically, such as those based on the theories of Black and Scholes (1973) and Merton (1974). Nonetheless, we find that the relationship between stock returns and diverse measures of default risk tends to be consistent. Default risk is a significant determinant of stock returns with a "hump backed" relationship, as predicted by Garlappi and Yan (20 11). This relationship holds even after controlling for very high default risk firms, which contrasts with the findings of Avramov et al. (2009) that the relationship between stock returns and default risk is driven by firms with low credit quality. Given the reasonable consistency in the observed relationship between stock returns and diverse measures of default risk, we find little evidence that differences in the conclusions of The thesis is arranged as three topics. The first topic is a joint work with my supervisor Paula Hill. We compare diverse measures of default risk (including both academic models and credit ratings) before examining its relationship with stock returns. The second topic is a joint work with my supervisors Neslihan Ozkan and Paula Hill and we examine the relationship between firm default risk and executive compensation. The third topic is a sole authored work in which I provide more evidence that correlated overpayments of CEOs and directors are symptomatic of agency problems related to cronyism. Cronyism is a term used to describe a phenomenon in which directors do not protect the interests of shareholders and choose to collude with the CEO for private benefits (Brick et aI., 2006). In the first essay, we find considerable variation in the mean probability of default across our academic models. The correlations between the measures of default risk are significant at a 1 % level and yet tend to be less than 50%. The rating-based measures of default risk (i.e. S&P's and Moody's ratings) are highly correlated with each other (0.962) but have a maximum correlation of 0.498 with the academic models. Moreover, we show that different assumptions can lead to divergent assessments of default risk even where default risk measures appear similar theoretically, such as those based on the theories of Black and Scholes (1973) and Merton (1974). Nonetheless, we find that the relationship between stock returns and diverse measures of default risk tends to be consistent. Default risk is a significant determinant of stock returns with a "hump backed" relationship, as predicted by Garlappi and Yan (20 11). This relationship holds even after controlling for very high default risk firms, which contrasts with the findings of A vramov et al. (2009) that the relationshi p between stock returns and default risk is driven by firms with low credit quality. Given the reasonable consistency in the observed relationship between stock returns and diverse measures of default risk, we find little evidence that differences in the conclusions of performance. However, these effects of excess compensation on CEO turnover are mitigated by total institutional ownership. In addition, as institutional ownership increases, the positive effect of director compensation on CEO cash compensation is also significantly reduced. FUlther, in firms with high levels of institutional ownership the negative impact of excess compensation on firm performance is weakened. The fact that external monitoring by institutional investors mitigates the effects of excess compensation means the excess compensation of directors and CEOs is at least partly due to agency problems.
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Gilligan, Liam. "Attentional bias to threat following acquired brain injury : the role of self-discrepancy and executive functioning." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2015. https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/56884/.
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Objective: Experimental evidence indicates that those with a wide range of mental health conditions show an attentional bias for specific threat relevant information, (e.g., Bar-Haim et al., 2007) with research beginning to explore whether this same threat sensitivity occurs in survivors of acquired brain injury (ABI; Gracey, Evans, & Malley, 2009; Riley, Brennan, & Powell, 2004; Riley, Dennis, & Powell, 2010). This study explored, experimentally, whether those with an ABI demonstrate an attentional bias towards threatening stimuli (negative evaluation/physically threatening), and what factors may influence this bias. Method: 35 participants who had sustained an ABI completed a visual dot-probe task, alongside measures of self-discrepancy, affective distress and executive functioning. Results: Whilst the pattern of results is indicative of this threat detection hypothesis, the difference between threat and neutral trials was found to be non-significant (p = .053). Exploratory analyses indicated that executive functioning and affective distress may act as contributing factors to attentional bias. Self-discrepancy between past and current self did not have an impact on attentional bias to negative evaluation stimuli, although discrepancy between current and pre-injury/ideal self was found to correlate with anxiety and depression. Conclusions: The hypotheses were not supported in this study. The clinical and theoretical implications are discussed (e.g., aetiology of threat/affective difficulties and implications for treatment), alongside limitations of the study (e.g., potential sampling considerations) and potential directions for further research are suggested (e.g., exploring potential contributing factors) to help us to further understand the factors that may be involved in attentional bias to threat following brain injury.
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Chowdhury, Jaideep. "Three Essays on Product Market Capital Market Interactions." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/29636.
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The Industrial Organization literature investigates the product market decisions of a firm while the corporate finance literature explores the financing decisions of the firm. But the truth is both the financing decisions and the product market decisions are interdependent and should be modeled together to develop a better understanding of a firm's decisions. This thesis takes a step in that direction.
The manager of a firm caters to the equity holders of the firm who are protected by limited liability. Ex-ante debt is issued and at the time of product market decision, debt is exogenous. The traditional product market capital market interaction literature has argued that debt financing leads to more aggressive product market strategies. If debt is treated as endogenous and/or the switching state of nature is endogenous, it can be shown that debt financing may lead to less aggressive product market strategies. Further, if external financing consists of both debt and equity financing, it is shown that a financially constrained firm shall produce less than what it would have produced if it was not financially constrained. Finally, managerial compensation is reported to be one of the reasons for product market aggressiveness of a firm in the context of product market capital market interaction.<br>Ph. D.
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Shiyyab, Fadi S. "Three essays on executive compensation of European banks : monitoring mechanisms, performance and risk-taking." Thesis, University of Essex, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.654471.
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This thesis provides three substantial essays that investigate different aspects in relation to executive compensation: the role of monitoring mechanisms, bank performance and riskiness. It extends and contributes to the literature on an intense and ongoing debate among academics, policy-makers and practitioners about executive compensation and corporate governance issues in the banking industry. The current international banking regulators' reform proposals of executive compensation structure, as a consequences of current financial crisis 2007/09, motivates a more in-depth scrutiny of the relationship between corporate governance mechanisms and executive compensation. The general objective of this thesis is to provide an in-depth examination on executive compensation and other corporate governance mechanisms with a particular focus on the impact on performance and risk-taking behaviour of a representative sample of 67 of the publicly-listed commercial and bank holding companies, operating in 13 ED countries over 2000-2010. Specifically, this thesis has presented three essays on bank executive compensation in European banks and is organised as follows. Chapters 3 provides an in-depth analysis of the manually collected data set used for the empirical analysis and explores the relationship between bankers' executive pay and the role of monitoring mechanisms. Chapter 4 focuses on the relationship between executive pay and bank performance, using three alternative measures namely earnings per share, return on assets and stock market returns. Chapter 5 empirically explores the relationship between various compensation components on alternative bank risk-taking measures.
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Urdén, Ulf. "A Comparison of Three Computer System Simulators." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Avdelningen för programvarusystem, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-2485.
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This thesis is a comparative study of three computer system simulators. These computer programs are commonly used to test the efficiency and feasibility of new computer architectures, as well for debugging and testing software. With this study, we evaluate the fundamental differences of three simulators: SimICS, SimpleScalar and ML-RSIM. A comprehensive study of simulation techniques is presented, and each evaluated simulator is classified using those premises. Quantification the performance differences using a benchmark suite is made. The results show that the most feature-rich of the simulators also seems to have the highest performance in the group.
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Srivastav, Abhishek. "CEO inside debt and risk-taking in US banks : evidence from three bank policies." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/11765.
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Widespread losses during the recent financial crisis have raised concerns that equitybased CEO compensation (stocks and stock options) causes risky bank policies. This has led to the need to understand whether CEO pay can be re-structured such that it dampens risk-taking incentives. Against this background, this thesis analyses if debtbased compensation (also known as inside debt and consisting of pension benefits and deferred compensation) motivates CEOs to pursue risk-reducing bank policies. Over three decades of research into executive compensation has not explored the impact of inside debt, primarily due to lack of detailed data on inside debt which only became available after 2006 in the United States (US). The paucity of empirical work on inside debt is particularly unfortunate, given that the value of inside debt is often substantial. This dissertation provides one of the first empirical investigations into the impact of inside debt on bank risk-taking by determining whether CEO inside debt leads to less risky behaviour, through three policy decisions that are capable of increasing the overall risk of the bank. First, this thesis focuses on the payout policies of banks. Bank payouts divert cash to shareholders, while leaving behind riskier and less liquid assets to repay creditors in the future. Payouts, thus, constitute a type of risk-taking that benefits shareholders at the expense of creditors. The results presented in this thesis indicate that higher inside debt results in more conservative bank payout policies. Specifically, CEOs paid with more inside debt are more likely to cut payouts and to cut payouts by a larger amount. Reductions in payouts occur through a decrease in both dividends and repurchases. The results also hold over a sub-sample of banks which received government support in the form of the Troubled Asset Relief Program (TARP) where the link between risk-taking and payouts is of particular relevance because it involves wealth transfers from the taxpayer to shareholders. Second, this thesis tests the impact of inside debt on the risk implications of bank acquisitions. Bank acquisitions are large scale investment decisions that can affect bank risk. To this end, this thesis shows that higher inside debt holdings motivate CEOs to pursue acquisitions that result in lower bank default risk. It also prevents CEOs from using acquisitions to shift risk to the financial safety-net. Since the safety net is underwritten by the taxpayer, the results show that CEO inside debt has a measurable impact on the subsidy which bank shareholders obtain from taxpayers. Third, the thesis shows that inside debt plays a critical role in influencing bank capital holdings. Higher equity capital provides creditors with a larger loss-absorbing equity buffer to protect the value of their claims on bank cash flows. Ceteris paribus, higher equity protects creditors from losses. To this end, this thesis shows that higher inside debt results in motivating banks to hold higher capital, whether defined using regulatory or economic terms. Higher inside debt also results in reducing the estimated value of the taxpayer losses. Furthermore, banks with higher inside debt are at a lower risk of facing capital shortfalls. Taken together, the study provides insights on how incentives stemming from inside debt impact bank policies in a manner that protects creditor interests. Inside debt can help in addressing excessive risk-taking concerns by aligning the interests of CEOs with those of creditors, regulators, and the taxpayer. This thesis makes a novel contribution to the banking literature by providing evidence on the implications of inside debt in the US banking industry. This work should be interpreted as part of a wider body of research which demonstrates that inside debt matters for bank risk-taking and that this role of inside debt should be recognized more widely in ongoing discussions on compensation incentives in banking.
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Böhler, Philip [Verfasser], Sebastian [Gutachter] Wesselborg, and Henrike [Gutachter] Heise. "Three Tales of Death: New Pathways in the Induction, Inhibition and Execution of Apoptosis / Philip Böhler ; Gutachter: Sebastian Wesselborg, Henrike Heise." Düsseldorf : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek der Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1203872518/34.
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Keay, Stephanie. "The impact of executive functioning on attention to threat in an adult traumatic brain injury population : an experimental group design." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2017. https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/65497/.
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Objective: to explore the impact of executive function (EF) on emotional distress in an adult traumatic brain injury (TBI) population. Methods: A systematic review of the literature was conducted using electronic databases and the reference section of relevant papers to determine whether impaired EF acts as a vulnerability factor to emotional distress. Alongside this an experimental group design was utilised to explore whether selective attention to threat differs between a TBI group (n = 18, impaired EF) and a comparison group (n = 34, EF intact). Participants completed measures of EF, emotional distress and the dot-probe task. Results: The systematic review found 10 studies which met the inclusion criteria, of which, eight studies were rated as methodologically ‘poor’ and two were rated as ‘fair’ in response to the review aims. Seven of the studies reported associations between EF and emotional distress but none of the studies addressed the question directly and were unable to provide evidence of EF as a vulnerability factor. After analysis, the research paper found no significant differences between the reaction times to the threat stimuli in EF intact (comparison group) versus the EF impaired (TBI group). Therefore the hypotheses were not supported. Conclusions: The research contained in the thesis portfolio has highlighted the need for more research to be carried out into EF processes and the particular impact these deficits have on emotional outcomes in a TBI sample. Previous research has suggested an association between EF and emotional distress, and the current systematic review only provided weak evidence to support this. The processes behind this are still not fully understood. By gaining a deeper understanding of these processes, it is hoped that this could inform the development of potential interventions to best suit the needs of the TBI population.
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Minhat, Marizah. "Three essays on CEO compensation in the UK." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/2300.
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This thesis comprises three studies on CEO compensation in the UK. It specifically examines the role of CEO defined-benefit pensions, compensation consultants and CEO stock options. Firstly, research on the role of executive pensions is still at a stage of infancy due to data difficulties (Sundaram and Yermack, 2007). By taking advantage of better disclosure requirements with the introduction of Directors’ Remuneration Report Regulations (DRRR) in 2002, this thesis examines the determinants and effects of CEO defined-benefit pensions. Consistent with rent extraction hypothesis (Bebchuk and Fried, 2005; Kalyta and Magnan, 2008), it finds that pensions are largely determined by CEO power over boards of directors. There is no evidence that pensions reduce the agency cost of debt as suggested by Edmans (2008) and Sundaram and Yermack (2007). Instead they increase the agency cost of equity by discouraging CEO risk-taking and reducing pay-performance relationship. Consistent with the argument in Gustman et al. (1994), Ippolito (1991) and Lazear (1990), this thesis also finds that pensions do bond a CEO to the firm she manages. Secondly, because of the lack of disclosure regarding compensation consultants used by companies, the empirical evidence is so far limited on how the practice of employing compensation consultants influences CEO pay. By taking advantage of better disclosure requirements since the publication of the DRRR (2002), this thesis examines the effect of using compensation consultants on CEO pay. Unlike Murphy and Sandino (2008), this thesis finds no evidence that firms use multiple pay consultants to justify or legitimize higher CEO pay. In light of the managerial power theory, this thesis instead finds that pay consultants are more concerned with the risk of losing business with their client firms. This latter finding explains why the use of pay consultants is associated with greater executive pay (see Armstrong, Ittner and Larcker, 2008; Cadman, Carter and Hillegeist, in press; Conyon, Peck and Sadler, 2009; Murphy and Sandino, 2008; Voulgaris, Stathopoulos and Walker, 2009). Thirdly, despite the importance of the issue, the existence of a link between the CEO stock options and earnings management is currently understudied in the UK. The UK context is appealing because of two distinctive corporate governance features that limit opportunistic earnings management. These are the absence of CEO duality in general (Cornett, Marcus, and Tehranian, 2008) and the increased outside director’s membership on boards since the publication of the Cadbury Report (1992) (Peasnell, Pope, and Young, 2000). By examining earnings management prior to stock option grant and exercise periods, this thesis adds to the study of Kuang (2008) that examines earnings management during stock option vesting periods. Overall, some evidence has been found that earnings are managed downwards prior to stock option grant periods. Consistent with the US-based studies, this thesis finds strong evidence of upward earnings management prior to a stock option exercise period. It shows that the UK’s distinctive governance features have not restrained opportunistic earnings management prior to stock option grants and exercises. In brief, this thesis provides some empirical evidence that the use of two pay components in the CEO pay package, namely, the defined-benefit pensions and stock options, do not necessarily promote CEO-shareholder interest alignment. The use of pay consultants in CEO pay-setting is also fraught with managerial influence. In support of the managerial power theory, I therefore suggest that these three factors can be abused by CEOs to extract excess compensation at the expense of shareholders. In this context, these three factors can themselves be considered as the sources of the agency cost. Future research might examine the mechanisms that can be deployed to govern the use of defined-benefit pensions, stock options and pay consultants in CEO pay design.
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Pult, Jon. "Troupers: Essays in Three Rings." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2009. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/931.
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Troupers: Essays in Three Rings is a collection of fourteen essays focused mainly on variety entertainers (including the author). It leads the reader through a menagerie of the author's own enthusiasms--from clowning and circus elephants, to hot jazz and the ukulele. While the primary occupation of the "troupers"spotlighted here has always been to delight audiences, many of them--both human and animal--could not escape the hardscrabble, the sundered relations, the violence of everyday life. The author tells the stories of these "troupers" here, stories that reveal both their suffering and their refusal to suffer.
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Mecheroui, Choukri Adel. "Development of a wireless ditributed three channel stimulator used for automatic triggering of stimulation to enable co-ordinated task execution of stroke patients." Thesis, Bournemouth University, 2012. http://eprints.bournemouth.ac.uk/21001/.
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Each year, hundreds of thousands of people are affected by a neurological related disease or injury causing some of them partial or complete dysfunction of one or more limbs. Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES) techniques have shown a significant improvement in mobility and function for many of these people. FES is an artificial technique of stimulating motor nerves to cause contraction of muscles. Depending on the extent of the injury and the movement disorder, multiple channels of stimulation and sensors might be necessary. However, this results in a complex multi-channel stimulator which is often rejected by the user due to the size, complexity and cosmesis. These issues can be addressed to some extent by using distributed systems that split the complex function of the multi-channel stimulator into multiple local stimulators around the body. However, using conventional techniques will result in a complex network of wires making it difficult and inconvenient for the wearer. The obvious solution is to replace wires with a wireless network where each node from the network communicates with one or multiple nodes, and is small enough to be placed where needed. Because of the safety implications of this application, any wireless network of this type must be at least as reliable as a wired system with latencies that do not weaken the performance of the system. This research involves identifying the wireless technology that can ensure reliability, short latency and low power consumption in environments where FES is used. In addition, the research investigates a control strategy for a wireless distributed FES system which consists of three-channel stimulators and four sensors. This system is designed to correct drop foot and assist reciprocal arm swing in walking mode, and enables reaching and grasping stimulation when the user is stationary. This combination of a wireless network of stimulators and sensors allows the development of a new generation of FES systems that are convenient for use and which are expandable so that new sensors or stimulators can be easily added to the network to meet the needs of each individual user. The experimental results confirmed the feasibility of a wireless network of stimulators and sensors using ZigBee, and indicated that the control strategy was successful in enabling the required stimulation channels.
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Huthmann, Jens Christoph [Verfasser], Andreas [Akademischer Betreuer] Koch, and Mladen [Akademischer Betreuer] Berekovic. "An Execution Model and High-Level-Synthesis System for Generating SIMT Multi-Threaded Hardware from C Source Code / Jens Christoph Huthmann ; Andreas Koch, Mladen Berekovic." Darmstadt : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Darmstadt, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1147566100/34.
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Darley, Sharon Delores. "Comparing Three Forms of External Structure for the Ability to Increase Executive Functioning in Preschoolers on the Autism Spectrum." Thesis, Piedmont College, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10196536.
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<p> Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have a noted deficit in executive function which concurrently employs multiple systems in the brain to complete complex tasks. Executive function skills begin developing around the age of four years and continue developing throughout life, potentially impacting the entire life span of an individual. Service providers need cost effective and efficient strategies to address executive functioning disorders in preschoolers with ASD in typical educational settings by school personnel. Using a multiple baseline design across behaviors, this research compares the use of Power Cards, video modeling, and Social Stories™ to: 1) teach early executive function behaviors; 2) generalize behaviors to a Pre-Kindergarten setting; and 3) maintain the behaviors after one and two months following the withdrawal of intervention materials. Results indicate all three strategies were effective in increasing executive function behaviors, although the strength of the strategies varied among the five preschoolers who participated. Three of five students were able to generalize the behaviors when instructed utilizing Power Cards and video modeling, while two of five were able to generalize to the new setting after instruction using Social Stories™. Maintenance results proved to stratify the efficacy of the strategies showing four of five students maintained above intervention levels after instruction using Social Stories™, three of five maintained utilizing video modeling and zero of five students maintained following the Power Card strategy.</p>
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Ashraf, Rasha. "Three Essays on Institutional Investors and Corporate Governance." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/16158.
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The first essay analyzes mutual funds proxy voting records on shareholder proposals. The results indicate that mutual funds support shareholder proposals and vote against management for proposals that are likely to increase shareholders wealth and rights, in firms with weaker external monitoring mechanisms, in firms with entrenched management, and when funds have longer investment horizon. Mutual funds mostly take management sides on executive compensation related proposals, when they have higher ownership concentration, and when they belong to bigger fund families. The results further indicate that there is a positive reputational effect for the funds undertaking a monitoring role. Moreover, mutual funds reduce holdings when they disapprove of managements policy, but before doing so they take on an activist role by supporting shareholder proposals. The second essay investigates institutional investors trading behavior of acquiring firm stocks surrounding merger activities. We label investment companies and independent investment advisors as active institutions and banks, nonbank trusts and insurance companies as passive institutions. We find active institutions increase holdings of acquiring firm stocks for mergers with higher wealth implications. However, active institutions overreact to stock mergers at the announcement, which they appear to correct at the resolution quarter of the merger. The trading behavior of passive institutions suggests that these institutions disregard the market response of merger announcement in trading acquiring firm stocks at the announcement quarter. The passive institutions gradually update their beliefs and trade on the basis of merger wealth effect at the resolution quarter. The third essay examines relation between executive compensation structure with the existing level and changes of takeover defense mechanisms of firms. According to managerial entrenchment hypothesis, higher managerial power from adoption of takeover defense mechanisms would lead to generating higher rents for executives. Efficient contracting hypothesis argue that higher anti-takeover provisions would contribute in achieving efficient contracting by deferring compensation into the future due to the low possibility of hostile takeover. The results support managerial entrenchment hypothesis with regard to existing level of takeover defense mechanisms. With regard to changes in anti-takeover provisions, the existing level of managerial power influence the future pay structure.
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Katz-Buonincontro, Jennifer Leah. "Developing a model for promoting creativity in leaders based on a comparative case study of three arts-based executive institutes /." view abstract or download file of text, 2005. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/uoregon/fullcit?p3201687.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2005.<br>Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 256-269). Also available for download via the World Wide Web; free to University of Oregon users.
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Gao, Ya. "The 'three reference point' effect and the role of political connection in executive compensation : empirical studies on Chinese listed firms." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2015. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/807886/.
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Agency theory has for some time been the dominant on executive compensation research. Behavioural approaches such as prospect theory, behavioural agency theory and reference point theory (including strategic reference point theory) provide new perspectives for research into executive compensation. For the largest transitional economy of China, the shift from a planned and administration-oriented economy to a market-oriented economy remains an on-going process. As behavioural approaches are derived from the understanding of human decision-making patterns, they are therefore less subject to institutional settings and thus more applicable to understanding executive compensation contracting in China. From a reference point theory perspective, we test a ‘three reference point’ framework for executive compensation contracting: in external reference to peer firms, internally to other executives on board, and in the time dimension referring to top executives’ previous pay. We find that as a superior alternative to agency theory, reference point theory can provide a better explanation for top executive compensation contracting. In our three empirical chapters, we mainly find that: (1) Chinese executive pay levels are externally heavily influenced in their setting by the pay level of executive peer groups; internally by other executives within firms and by the pay level of an individual executive in the previous period. It should also be noted that the loss aversion effect exists in top executive compensation contracting. (2) We test the three reference point effect and use Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to determine the systematic effects of these reference points to empirically test the behavioural determinants of executive pay in China; the three reference points and the systematic effect on top executive compensation are determined to be robust. (3) We document a negative association between top executive pay and a politically-connected board. However, after controlling for the three reference points, this association becomes positive and further strengthens the pay-performance link. We also find that in state-owned and politically connected firms the pay–performance link is the strongest, especially after adjusting for the effect of the three reference points. In private firms that are not politically connected, meanwhile, the pay-for-performance link is weak. Our findings have important policy implications. They highlight the defects of current corporate governance mechanisms, particularly in executive compensation design and monitoring. The current Chinese Corporate Governance Code largely mimics corporate governance practice in the Anglo-American business environment and relies heavily on agency theory; therefore, to a large extent, it does not work in its own context. Our findings identify that in practice, the ‘three reference point’ framework and political connections play very important roles in influencing Chinese executive pay setting, in addition to the link to pay-for-performance and corporate governance mechanisms. It is therefore indicated that the Chinese Government should consider developing policies and regulations in addition to its Corporate Governance Code in order to effectively control the problems of the departure of executive compensation from firm performance.
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Bartel, Jan-Niklas [Verfasser], Alwine [Akademischer Betreuer] Mohnen, Alwine [Gutachter] Mohnen, and Nicola [Gutachter] Breugst. "A New Perspective on Managerial Careers: Three Sequence Analyses of Executive Career Paths / Jan-Niklas Bartel ; Gutachter: Alwine Mohnen, Nicola Breugst ; Betreuer: Alwine Mohnen." München : Universitätsbibliothek der TU München, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1202922589/34.
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Bartel, Jan-Niklas Verfasser], Alwine [Akademischer Betreuer] [Mohnen, Alwine Gutachter] Mohnen, and Nicola [Gutachter] [Breugst. "A New Perspective on Managerial Careers: Three Sequence Analyses of Executive Career Paths / Jan-Niklas Bartel ; Gutachter: Alwine Mohnen, Nicola Breugst ; Betreuer: Alwine Mohnen." München : Universitätsbibliothek der TU München, 2019. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:91-diss-20191210-1509857-1-6.
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Taerk, Evan. "Modulation of executive function in children with Attention DeficitHyperactivity Disorder by allelic variants of the catechol-O-methyltransferase gene and three varying doses of methylphenidate." Thesis, McGill University, 2005. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=84079.
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An association has been observed between the catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) gene, the predominant means of catecholamine catabolism within the prefrontal cortex (PFC), and neuropsychological task performance in healthy and schizophrenic adults. Since several of the cognitive functions typically deficient in children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) are mediated by prefrontal dopamine (DA) mechanisms, we investigated the relationship between a functional polymorphism of the COMT gene and neuropsychological task performance in these children. Furthermore, since methylphenidate (MPH), the primary pharmacological drug in ADHD, may exert its effects, at least in part, through PFC dopaminergic pathways, we investigated the relationship between the COMT polymorphism and acute neuropsychological and behavioural response to three varying doses of MPH. Children with ADHD showed improvement on measures of both cognitive and motor behaviours under MPH, although improvement within each functional domain appeared to follow distinctive dose-response patterns possibly reflecting different neurobiological pathways. No genotype effects were observed on any measures of cognitive or motor behaviour or on the response of cognitive or motor behaviours to MPH.
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Nilsson, Anna, and Ellen Sirén. "Sambandet mellan Theory of Mind, språkliga förmågor och exekutiva funktioner hos barn i treårsåldern." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-118527.
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Barns fem första levnadsår präglas av en omfattande utveckling av språkliga förmågor och exekutiva funktioner, vilka är färdigheter som visat sig ha en stor påverkan på hur barn utvecklar förståelse för sina egna och andras tankar, det vill säga deras Theory of Mind. En central aspekt inom forskning har varit att undersöka hur förmågorna samvarierar vid olika åldrar. Syftet i föreliggande studie var att undersöka sambandet mellan Theory of Mind, språkliga förmågor och exekutiva funktioner hos barn i tre års ålder med typisk utveckling. Av intresse var även att undersöka om det förelåg skillnader i resultat mellan pojkar och flickor samt om de del-tagande barnens demografiska förhållanden vad gäller antal äldre och/eller yngre syskon, socio-ekonomisk status och vuxenkontakt påverkade de deltagande barnens Theory of Mind. Totalt medverkade 30 barn med typisk utveckling, varav 16 var flickor och 14 var pojkar. Åldersanpassade testmaterial användes för att undersöka Theory of Mind, grammatisk förmåga, semantisk förmåga, kognitiv flexibilitet, arbetsminne och fonemdiskrimination. Den demografiska informationen inhämtades i form av en enkät som föräldrarna fick fylla i. Resultatet indikerar att treåriga barns förmåga att hantera och förstå Theory of Mind-uppgifter samvarierar med både grammatisk förmåga och kognitiv flexibilitet. Samvariationer påträffades även mellan grammatisk förmåga och kognitiv flexibilitet, vilket stärker att språk, exe-kutiva funktioner och ToM har ett beroendeförhållande till varandra. Föreliggande studie framhåller att samtliga förmågor är mer eller mindre integrerade vid olika åldrar och korrelationerna visar på att vissa delförmågor inom språk, ToM och exekutiva funktioner går hand i hand och utvecklas i samspel med varandra. Specifikt kan den exekutiva komponenten kognitiv flexibilitet och den språkliga förmågan grammatik ses som viktiga förmågor för just treåriga barns ToM.<br>A childs’ first five years are characterized by an extensive development of language abilities and executive functions. These are skills that have demonstrated large impact on how children develop their understanding of their own and others’ thoughts, that is, their Theory of Mind. Within contemporary research, a central question has been to investigate how these abilities correlate at different stages of age. The aim of the present study was to examine the relationship between Theory of Mind, language and executive functions in typically developed three-year-old children. A central part in this study was also to assess whether differences in performance between boys and girls occurred and also if the number of younger and/or older siblings, socioeconomic status, and adult contact did affect the children’s performance. A total of 30 children with typical development participated, of whom 16 were girls and 14 were boys. Age-appropriate test materials were used to examine, Theory of Mind, grammatical ability, semantic ability, cognitive flexibility, working memory, and phonetic discrimination. The demographic information was based on a questionnaire that parents of the participating children had to answer. The result of this study indicates that the three-year child's ability to manage and understand tasks that assess Theory of mind seems to covariate with both grammatical skills and cognitive flexibility. A Correlation was also found between grammatical skills and cognitive flexibility, which indicate that language ability, executive functions and ToM have a strong dependent relationship. The present study confirms that all abilities are more or less integrated at different ages and the correlations indicate that certain abilities in language, ToM and executive functions are de-veloped in interaction with each other. Specifically, the executive component cognitive flexibility and the grammatical ability are important abilities for three-year children’s ToM.
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Hradilová, Kateřina. "Penzion pro seniory." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-226191.
Full textAbstract:
Content of this master´s thesis work is a project of Home for the elderly in Čejč based on requests of the investor. The object is designed as a three storey house in Porotherm system with both flat and oblique roof. There are 31 apartments located in this object. A disposal study is elaborated and a part of executive project documentation of the building is being set in this work.
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Pannuzzo, Nelly. "Ostracism and social vulnerability : impact on cognitive control, emotions and fundamental needs." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LYO20126.
Full textAbstract:
L'exclusion sociale est considérée comme l'une des situations les plus douloureuses pour les êtres humains. Les travaux dans ce domaine montrent que même de brefs épisodes d’ostracisme (paradigme du Cyberball) ont des effets importants aux niveaux neurophysiologique, émotionnel et comportemental, l’impact de cet ostracisme au niveau cognitif néanmoins n'a pas reçu beaucoup d'attention. Des résultats récents mettent en évidence une influence négative de l'ostracisme sur les marqueurs électrophysiologiques du contrôle cognitif, il n'y a cependant à ce jour aucune preuve directe d’une réduction de contrôle cognitif sous l’effet d’une exclusion sociale. Dans nos travaux nous avons étudié l'impact de l'ostracisme (Cyberball) sur le contrôle cognitif avec la tâche standard de Simon couplée à des analyses distributionnelles des temps de réaction auprès de populations caractérisées ou non par des expériences chroniques d’ostracisme (i.e., des étudiants ordinaires dans l’Étude 1, des personnes illettrées dans l'Étude 2 et des chômeurs de longue durée dans l'Étude 3). Dans les trois études, de brefs épisodes d'exclusion sociale suffisent à dégrader le niveau de satisfaction exprimé par les participants à l’égard des besoins fondamentaux (appartenance sociale, existence significative, estime de soi, contrôle des événements). Ces effets, cependant, s’avèrent réduits dans les populations chroniquement frappées d'ostracisme, suggérant leur moindre sensibilité à l'exclusion sociale en jeu dans le Cyberball. Plus important encore, cet ostracisme provoque chez les participants non stigmatisés une diminution du contrôle cognitif (Étude 1), mise en évidence dans nos travaux par un effet Simon stable (plutôt que réduit) sur les temps de réaction les plus longs pourtant les plus sensibles à l’expression d’un processus d'inhibition. Cependant, nos résultats ne montrent aucune différence de sensibilité entre les participants chroniquement ostracisés et leurs groupes contrôle (les Études 2 et 3), suggérant une certaine faiblesse du paradigme Cyberball auprès des personnes en situation d'exclusion sociale dans leur vie quotidienne. Nos résultats remettent donc en question la prédominance de ce paradigme pour la compréhension des effets cognitifs de l’exclusion sociale, au moins chez les individus caractérisés par un ostracisme chronique<br>Impact on cognitive control, emotions and fundamental needsRésumé : Social exclusion is considered as one of the most painful situations for human beings. Past research showed that even brief episodes of ostracism (the Cyberball paradigm) have strong effects at the neurophysiological, emotional, and behavioral levels, its impact at the cognitive level however did not receive much attention. Recent findings revealed a negative influence of ostracism on electrophysiological markers of cognitive control, yet there is no direct evidence that being socially excluded reduces cognitive control. Here, we investigated the impact of ostracism (using the Cyberball) on cognitive control using a standard Simon task and distributional reaction time analyses with non-chronically-ostracized and chronically-ostracized populations (regular students in Study 1, illiterate people in Study 2, and long-term unemployed people in Study 3). In the three studies, brief episodes of social exclusion had negative effects on participants’ self-reports of fundamental needs' satisfaction (belonging, meaningful existence, self-esteem, and control). These effects, however, were substantially reduced in chronically-ostracized populations, suggesting that ostracism based on the Cyberball is a bit less meaningful for those populations. More importantly, this ostracism caused a transitory reduction in cognitive control in the non-chronically-ostracized participants (Study 1), as indicated by a stable (rather than decreased) Simon effect on longer reaction times where inhibition yet is more likely. However, we found no evidence of a differential sensitivity between the chronically-ostracized participants and their control groups (Study 2 and Study 3), suggesting that the Cyberball paradigm is not powerful enough with people experiencing social exclusion in their ordinary life. Our findings therefore call into question the predominance of the Cyberball paradigm for our understanding of the cognitive effects of ostracism, at least in chronically ostracized-individuals
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Тевяшев, А. Д., and Д. І. Гольдинер. "System Analysis of The Parallel Execution Problem." Thesis, 2019. http://openarchive.nure.ua/handle/document/11959.
Full textAbstract:
The article studies the prerequisites for the appearance and dissemination of the approach to optimizing the execution of program code through the simultaneous execution in several threads, analyzes the problem of parallel computing, identifies factors affecting the feasibility and effectiveness of the implementation of the architectural solution for multi-threaded program execution. Also, the problems that may arise during the implementation of optimization are considered. The main advantages and disadvantages of using the Go programming language for implementing parallel execution of a software product are considered.
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Robatmili, Behnam. "Efficient execution of sequential applications on multicore systems." Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/ETD-UT-2011-08-3987.
Full textAbstract:
Conventional CMOS scaling has been the engine of the technology revolution in most application domains. This trend has changed as in each technology generation, transistor densities continue to increase while due to the limits on threshold voltage scaling, per-transistor energy consumption decreases much more slowly than in the past. The power scaling issues will restrict the adaptability of designs to operate in different power and performance regimes. Consequently, future systems must employ more efficient architectures for optimizing every thread in the program across different power and performance regimes, rather than architectures that utilize more transistors. One solution is composable or dynamic multicore architectures that can span a wide range of energy/performance operating points by enabling multiple simple cores to compose to form a larger and more powerful core.
Explicit Data Graph Execution (EDGE) architectures represent a highly scalable class of composable processors that exploit predicated dataflow block execution and distributed microarchitectures. However, prior EDGE architectures suffer from several energy and performance bottlenecks including expensive intra-block operand communication due to fine-grain instruction distribution among cores,
the compiler-generated fanout trees built for high-fanout operand delivery, poor next-block prediction accuracy, and low speculation rates due to predicates and expensive refills after pipeline flushes. To design an energy-efficient and flexible dynamic multicore, this dissertation employs a systematic methodology that detects inefficiencies and then designs and evaluates solutions that
maximize power and performance efficiency across different power and performance regimes. Some innovations and optimization techniques include:
(a) Deep Block Mapping extracts more coarse-grained parallelism and reduces cross-core operand network traffic by mapping each block of instructions into the instruction queue of one core instead of distributing blocks across all composed cores as done in previous EDGE designs,
(b) Iterative Path Predictor (IPP) reduces branch and predication overheads by unifying multi-exit block target prediction and predicate path prediction while providing improved accuracy for each,
(c) Register Bypassing reduces cross-core register communication delays by bypassing register values predicted to be critical directly from producing to consuming cores,
(d) Block Reissue reduces pipeline flush penalties by reissuing instructions in previously executed instances of blocks while they are still in the instruction queue, and
(e) Exposed Operand Broadcasts (EOBs) reduce wide-fanout instruction overheads by extending the ISA to employ architecturally exposed low-overhead broadcasts combined with dataflow for efficient operand delivery for both high- and low-fanout instructions.
These components form the basis for a third-generation EDGE microarchitecture called T3. T3 improves energy efficiency by about 2x and performance by 47% compared to previous EDGE architectures. T3 also performs in a highly power efficient manner across a wide spectrum of energy and performance operating points (low-power to high-performance), extending the domain of power/performance trade-offs beyond what dynamic voltage and frequency scaling offers on state-of-the-art conventional processors. This high level of flexibility and power efficiency makes T3 an attractive candidate for future systems which need to operate on a wide range of workloads under varying power and performance constraints.<br>text
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Murphy, Richard Cameron. "Traveling threads a new multithreaded execution model /." 2006. http://etd.nd.edu/ETD-db/theses/available/etd-06132006-180229/.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Notre Dame, 2006.<br>Thesis directed by Peter M. Kogge for the Department of Computer Science and Engineering. "June 2006." Includes bibliographical references (leaves 238-246).
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Aires, Berbigão Fábia Filipa. "INTEGRATION OF INTELLIGENCE TECHNIQUES ON THE EXECUTION OF PENETRATION TESTS (iPENTEST)." Master's thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.26/29834.
Full textAbstract:
Penetration Tests (Pentests) identify potential vulnerabilities in the security of computer systems via security assessment. However, it should also benefit from widely recognized methodologies and recommendations within this field, as the Penetration Testing Execution Standard (PTES). The objective of this research is to explore PTES, particularly the three initial phases: 1. Pre-Engagement Interactions; 2. Intelligence Gathering; 3. Threat Modeling; and ultimately to apply Intelligence techniques to the Threat Modeling phase. To achieve this, we will use open-source and/or commercial tools to structure a process to clarify how the results were reached using the research inductive methodology. The following steps were implemented: i) critical review of the “Penetration Testing Execution Standard (PTES)”; ii) critical review of Intelligence Production Process; iii) specification and classification of contexts in which Intelligence could be applied; iv) definition of a methodology to apply Intelligence Techniques to the specified contexts; v) application and evaluation of the proposed methodology to real case study as proof of concept. This research has the ambition to develop a model grounded on Intelligence techniques to be applied on PTES Threat Modeling phase.
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Hsu, Chuan-cheng, and 許傳政. "Prolog OR Parallel Execution Model on Multi-Threaded Superscalar Processor." Thesis, 1995. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/94334690827811479262.
Full textAbstract:
碩士<br>國立交通大學<br>資訊工程研究所<br>83<br>In this thesis, a multi-threaded superscalar processor
architecture for Prolog OR parallel execution is proposed. With
multi-threading characteristic of this architecture coarse-
grained OR parallelism of a Prolog program can be exploited.
Each OR task is to be executed by different thread. Within each
thread, superscalar processing exploits fine-grained
parallelism of Prolog code. In our OR execution model, Prolog
procedures are classified according to their properties. A
program can be partitioned into several subprograms according
to their behaviors in execution. These subprograms are
classified as: non-parallelizable subprograms, parallelizable
recursive subprograms, balanced subprograms and irregular
unbalanced subprograms. The behaviors of a program will change
dependend upon the subprogram currently being executed. The
goal of this processor architecture design is to gain program
execution speedup by properly utilizing the OR parallelism
inherent in the subprograms. Furthermore, in order to reduce
the performance restriction caused by irregular unbalanced
subprograms, a dynamic load balancing method is proposed.
Finally, a multi-threaded superscalar processor architecture
for the OR parallelism in Prolog is proposed to implement this
model. Specially, the designs of memory and register file are
presented. Benchmarks of PLM and BAM systems are used in
performance simulation. For the benchmarks with OR parallelism,
the performance of this architecture is 164% better than that
of superscalar architecture.
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Chang, Chin-Hao, та 張津豪. "Sampling-Based Phase Classification and Prediction for Multi-threaded Program Execution". Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/63339612654899314286.
Full textAbstract:
碩士<br>臺灣大學<br>資訊工程學研究所<br>98<br>Program executions are usually repetitive; hence, we can optimize program executions if we are able to identify the program’s repetition pattern. If we can accurately classify program execution intervals into phases, and use such information to accurately predict the next phase at runtime, we will be able to apply suitable optimization on the coming intervals. Such runtime optimization opportunity not only exists in single-threaded programs but also in multi-threaded programs (e.g. OpenMP codes, which exhibit repetitive behavior).
In this paper, we propose a framework that collects code signature of each interval from individual threads of a multi-threaded parallel program, and classify them into phases at runtime. We then use the classification results to predict the next phase in an on-line fashion. In order to efficiently classify execution intervals on-line, we only keep a fixed number of representative data in a shared table for classification purpose. The classification is very efficient and uses less than 3K bytes of memory. We also propose a confidence table to improve the prediction rate. Our system can classify intervals into phases with high homogeneity, can predict the next phase with 65% accuracy without using confidence and with 80% accuracy when confidence table is used.
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Foti, Giovanni. "An Investigation of Narcissism and Self-Regulation as Predictors of Aggression." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10214/3498.
Full textAbstract:
The current study evaluated individual differences in factors that both facilitate (narcissism) and inhibit (self-regulation) the expression of aggression upon provocation. The overarching goal of the study was to examine the integration of two models of aggression: the threatened egotism model and the self-regulation model. An undergraduate sample of participants (N=323) were assigned to receive either positive or negative (provocative) feedback from a fictitious opponent. After receipt of the feedback a competitive reaction time task, in which the participant was allowed to subject the ostensible opponent to sound lasts of white noise, was employed as a behavioural measure of aggression. Consistent with previous research, negative feedback elicited aggression compared to positive feedback, especially among narcissistic males compared to females. Self-regulation was assessed using a battery of executive functioning measures. Results indicated that males with higher perseveration were more aggressive in the negative feedback condition. When the influence of narcissism and self-regulation were assessed simultaneously, a moderating model (i.e., narcissism X self-regulation) was not supported but there was evidence in support of an additive model for males only. Self-regulation predicted a unique portion of variance in aggression (7%) over an above
the variance accounted for by narcissism (16%) for males who received negative feedback. These results are discussed in terms of a risk factor model for aggression.
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Feng, Chung-cheng, and 馮宗錚. "A Study of Prolog AND Parallel Execution Model on Multi- Threaded Superscalar System." Thesis, 1995. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/93977326572014496059.
Full textAbstract:
碩士<br>國立交通大學<br>資訊工程研究所<br>83<br>In this thesis, we propose an architecture for multi-threaded
superscalar Prolog processor system. The char- acter of this
architecture is the incorporation of AND para- llel execution
model in Prolog. It exploits the feature of multi-threading
with the coarse-grained parallelism in the Prolog AND
parallelism, and deliver each task to a different thread; each
thread exploits the fine-grained parallelism in an AND thread
with the feature of superscalar processor. Becuase of the
overwhelming time and space overheads for dynamic checking to
find AND parallelism, this architecture exploits AND
parallelism in the compiler time. Also we design a mechanism to
enhance the performance of AND threads execu- tion in run time.
This mechanism can execute a useful thread after the execution
of a fork instruction in a parent thread in order to improve
the efficiency. The actions of parent and children threads are
also well-defined in this mechanism, and the correctness can be
verified in the simulation result. Lastly, we propose an ideal
multi-threaded superscalar Prolog processor, and design the
memory and register sets to support the execution of AND
threads. In the simulation, we adopt the Berkeley PLM
benchmarks and some programs we devise. From the simulation
results, we observe that the performance of this system is 1.27
times that of a superscalar system. Becuase the research we
devote is on the independent AND para- llelism which the
parallelism is restricted by the strong data dependence, the
performance speedup is not high.
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Rucci, Joshua Anthony. "Effects of three types of kinematic feedback on the execution of the hang power clean." 2008. http://purl.galileo.usg.edu/uga%5Fetd/rucci%5Fjoshua%5Fa%5F200808%5Fma.
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