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Journal articles on the topic 'Exercise flow rates'

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Published: 2 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Villar, Rodrigo, and Richard L. Hughson. "Effect of altered arterial perfusion pressure on vascular conductance and muscle blood flow dynamic response during exercise in humans." Journal of Applied Physiology 114, no. 5 (2013): 620–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.01094.2012.

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Changes in vascular conductance (VC) are required to counter changes in muscle perfusion pressure (MPP) to maintain muscle blood flow (MBF) during exercise. We investigated the recruitment of VC as a function of peak VC measured in three body positions at two different work rates to test the hypothesis that adaptations in VC compensated changes in MPP at low-power output (LPO), but not at high-power output (HPO). Eleven healthy volunteers exercised at LPO and HPO (repeated plantar flexion contractions at 20–30% maximal voluntary contraction, respectively) in horizontal (HOR), 35° head-down til

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McDonald, R. B., J. S. Hamilton, J. S. Stern, and B. A. Horwitz. "Regional blood flow of exercise-trained younger and older cold-exposed rats." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 256, no. 5 (1989): R1069—R1075. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.1989.256.5.r1069.

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O2 consumption (thermogenesis) and regional blood flows (measured using radioactively labeled microspheres) were evaluated in younger (12 mo) and older (24 mo) sedentary and exercised male Fischer 344 (F-344) rats. These variables were measured at rest and during exposure to 6 degrees C. Exercise-trained rats were run on a motor-driven treadmill 5 days/wk, 1 h/day, at 20 m/min for 6 mo. Resting rates of O2 consumption did not differ with age or exercise training. However, thermogenesis during cold exposure was significantly greater in the older exercised rats than in the other three groups. Th

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Marciniuk, D. D., G. Sridhar, R. E. Clemens, T. A. Zintel, and C. G. Gallagher. "Lung volumes and expiratory flow limitation during exercise in interstitial lung disease." Journal of Applied Physiology 77, no. 2 (1994): 963–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1994.77.2.963.

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Lung volumes were measured at rest and during exercise by an open-circuit N2-washout technique in patients with interstitial lung disease (ILD). Exercise tidal flow-volume (F-V) curves were also compared with maximal F-V curves to investigate whether these patients demonstrated flow limitation. Seven patients underwent 4 min of constant work rate bicycle ergometer exercise at 40, 70, and 90% of their previously determined maximal work rates. End-expiratory lung volume and total lung capacity were measured at rest and near the end of each period of exercise. There was no significant change in e

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Powers, S. K., R. E. Beadle, D. Thompson, and J. Lawler. "Ventilatory and blood gas dynamics at onset and offset of exercise in the pony." Journal of Applied Physiology 62, no. 1 (1987): 141–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1987.62.1.141.

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The purpose of these experiments was to examine the temporal pattern of arterial carbon dioxide tension (PaCO2) to assess the relationship between alveolar ventilation (VA) and CO2 return to the lung at the onset and offset of submaximal treadmill exercise. Five healthy ponies exercised for 8 min at two work rates: 50 m/min 6% grade and 70 m/min 12% grade. PaCO2 decreased (P less than 0.05) below resting values within 1 min after commencement of exercise at both work rates and reached a nadir at 90 s. PaCO2 decreased maximally by 2.5 and 3.5 Torr at the low and moderate rate, respectively. Aft

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McClaran, Steven R., Craig A. Harms, David F. Pegelow, and Jerome A. Dempsey. "Smaller lungs in women affect exercise hyperpnea." Journal of Applied Physiology 84, no. 6 (1998): 1872–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1998.84.6.1872.

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We subjected 29 healthy young women (age: 27 ± 1 yr) with a wide range of fitness levels [maximal oxygen uptake (V˙o 2 max): 57 ± 6 ml ⋅ kg−1 ⋅ min−1; 35–70 ml ⋅ kg−1 ⋅ min−1] to a progressive treadmill running test. Our subjects had significantly smaller lung volumes and lower maximal expiratory flow rates, irrespective of fitness level, compared with predicted values for age- and height-matched men. The higher maximal workload in highly fit (V˙o 2 max > 57 ml ⋅ kg−1 ⋅ min−1, n = 14) vs. less-fit (V˙o 2 max < 56 ml ⋅ kg−1 ⋅ min−1, n = 15) women caused a higher maximal ventilation (V˙e)

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Walsh, Michael L., Chiyo Takeda, Aya Takahashi, et al. "Volitional hyperventilation during ramp exercise to exhaustion." Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism 31, no. 3 (2006): 211–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/h05-025.

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The purpose of this study was to determine whether volitional hyperventilation at 20 L·min-1 above normal exercise values affected exercise duration while performing ramp exercise to exhaustion. Nine healthy subjects performed a ramp exercise test to exhaustion. On a subsequent test they hyperventilated, with the aid of visual and audio feedback, at 20 L·min-1 greater than their initial test. Ramp exercise time to exhaustion was substantially reduced from 771.6 ± 85.2 s to 726.6 ± 86.6 s (p < 0.002) with the additional hyperventilation. Subjects underwent 2 more ramp exercise tests and perf

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Fatela, Pedro, Goncalo V. Mendonca, António Prieto Veloso, Janne Avela, and Pedro Mil-Homens. "Blood Flow Restriction Alters Motor Unit Behavior During Resistance Exercise." International Journal of Sports Medicine 40, no. 09 (2019): 555–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-0888-8816.

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AbstractWe aimed to determine whether blood flow restriction (BFR) alters the characteristics of individual motor units during low-intensity (LI) exercise. Eight men (26.0±3.8 yrs) performed 5 sets of 15 knee extensions at 20% of one-repetition maximum (with and without BFR). Maximal isometric voluntary contractions (MVC) were performed before and after exercise to quantify force decrement. Submaximal isometric voluntary contractions were additionally performed for 18 s, matching trapezoidal target-force trajectories at 40% pre-MVC. EMG activity was recorded from the vastus lateralis muscle. T

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Şahin, Elif, Teslime Ayaz, and Melda Saglam. "Acute effects of blood flow restricted aerobic exercise in type 2 diabetes mellitus." Medicine 103, no. 31 (2024): e39031. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/md.0000000000039031.

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Background: This study aimed to compare the acute effects of aerobic exercise performed with blood flow restriction (BFR), a novel method to increase exercise gains, with blood free flow (BFF) conditions in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods: Fifteen individuals with T2DM performed BFF and BFR (40% of arterial occlusion pressure) cycling exercises 48 hours apart, at equal intensity (45% heart rate reserve) and duration (38 minutes). Systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), blood glucose, heart rate, and muscle oxygen saturation (SmO2) w

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Lutjemeier, Barbara J., Akira Miura, Barry W. Scheuermann, Shunsaku Koga, Dana K. Townsend, and Thomas J. Barstow. "Muscle contraction-blood flow interactions during upright knee extension exercise in humans." Journal of Applied Physiology 98, no. 4 (2005): 1575–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00219.2004.

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To test for evidence of a muscle pump effect during steady-state upright submaximal knee extension exercise, seven male subjects performed seven discontinuous, incremental exercise stages (3 min/stage) at 40 contractions/min, at work rates ranging to 60–75% peak aerobic work rate. Cardiac cycle-averaged muscle blood flow (MBF) responses and contraction-averaged blood flow responses were calculated from continuous Doppler sonography of the femoral artery. Net contribution of the muscle pump was estimated by the difference between mean exercise blood flow (MBFM) and early recovery blood flow (MB

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Bayly, W. M., D. A. Schultz, D. R. Hodgson, and P. D. Gollnick. "Ventilatory responses of the horse to exercise: effect of gas collection systems." Journal of Applied Physiology 63, no. 3 (1987): 1210–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1987.63.3.1210.

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Experiments were undertaken to determine whether respiratory masks worn by horses exercising strenuously on a treadmill may interfere with normal gas exchange. Four collection systems, two flow-through systems and two incorporating one-way valve systems with subject-generated airflow were studied. Six horses performed standard treadmill exercise tests consisting of a 2-min warm up followed by galloping 1 min each at 8,9, and 10 m/s. Each horse exercised six times while wearing each of the four respiratory masks. Each flow-through system was used twice with flow rates of 2,360 and 3,840 l/min f

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Møller, Kirsten, Olaf B. Paulson, Tom F. Hornbein, et al. "Unchanged Cerebral Blood Flow and Oxidative Metabolism after Acclimatization to High Altitude." Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism 22, no. 1 (2002): 118–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00004647-200201000-00014.

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The authors investigated the effect of acclimatization to high altitude on cerebral blood flow and oxidative metabolism at rest and during exercise. Nine healthy, native sea-level residents were studied 3 weeks after arrival at Chacaltaya, Bolivia (5,260 m) and after reacclimatization to sea level. Global cerebral blood flow at rest and during exercise on a bicycle ergometer was measured by the Kety-Schmidt technique. Cerebral metabolic rates of oxygen, glucose, and lactate were calculated by the Fick principle. Cerebral function was assessed by a computer-based measurement of reaction time. A

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Gardner, W. N., and M. S. Meah. "Respiration during exercise in conscious laryngectomized humans." Journal of Applied Physiology 66, no. 5 (1989): 2071–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1989.66.5.2071.

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We compared respiratory patterning at rest and during steady cycle exercise at work rates of 30, 60, and 90 W in 7 male chronically laryngectomized subjects and 13 normal controls. Breathing was measured with a pneumotachograph and end-tidal PCO2 by mass spectrometer. Inspired air was humidified and enriched to 35% O2. Peak flow, volume, and times for the inspiratory and expiratory half cycles, time for expiratory flow, minute ventilation, and mean inspiratory flow were computer averaged over at least 40 breaths at rest and during the last 2 min of 5-min periods at each work rate. During the t

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Secor, S. M., J. W. Hicks, and A. F. Bennett. "Ventilatory and cardiovascular responses of a python (Python molurus) to exercise and digestion." Journal of Experimental Biology 203, no. 16 (2000): 2447–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.203.16.2447.

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To investigate the potential limiting steps of peak metabolic rates, we examined gas exchange rates (vdot (O2), vdot (CO2)), respiratory exchange ratio (RER), breathing frequency, tidal volume, minute ventilation volume (V.e) as well as the heart rate, systemic blood flow and stroke volume of Burmese pythons (Python molurus) while fasting at rest, exercising, digesting and exercising while digesting. All measured variables increased significantly during exercise (crawling at 0.4 km h(−)(1) and at vdot (O2max)), highlighted by a 17-fold increase in vdot (CO2) and a 24-fold increase in V.e. Duri

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Rundell, K. W., J. Im, R. L. Wilber, D. Judelson, and S. Williams. "MID EXPIRATORY FLOW RATES OF COLD WEATHER ATHLETES WITH EXERCISE-INDUCED ASTHMA." Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 33, no. 5 (2001): S12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00005768-200105001-00059.

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15

Grove, J. Robert, and Michael A. E. Lewis. "Hypnotic Susceptibility and the Attainment of Flowlike States during Exercise." Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology 18, no. 4 (1996): 380–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jsep.18.4.380.

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Hypnotic susceptibility and prior experience were investigated as correlates of flowlike states during exercise. Heart rate was also examined as a potential correlate of flow. Circuit trainers (N = 96) completed a 10-item flow questionnaire and recorded their heart rates as they moved between exercise stations. Results indicated that self-reports of flowlike states increased from early to late in the exercise sessions, but that the magnitude of change was greater for participants high in hypnotic susceptibility than for those low in hypnotic susceptibility. Prior experience was also significan

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Wetter, Thomas J., Craig A. Harms, William B. Nelson, David F. Pegelow, and Jerome A. Dempsey. "Influence of respiratory muscle work onV˙o 2 and leg blood flow during submaximal exercise." Journal of Applied Physiology 87, no. 2 (1999): 643–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1999.87.2.643.

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The work of breathing (Wb) normally incurred during maximal exercise not only requires substantial cardiac output and O2 consumption (V˙o 2) but also causes vasoconstriction in locomotor muscles and compromises leg blood flow (Q˙leg). We wondered whether the Wbnormally incurred during submaximal exercise would also reduceQ˙leg. Therefore, we investigated the effects of changing the Wb onQ˙leg via thermodilution in 10 healthy trained male cyclists [maximalV˙o 2(V˙o 2 max) = 59 ± 9 ml ⋅ kg−1 ⋅ min−1] during repeated bouts of cycle exercise at work rates corresponding to 50 and 75% ofV˙o 2 max. I

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Ritchie, J. E., A. B. Williams, C. Gerard, and H. Hockey. "Evaluation of a Humidified Nasal High-Flow Oxygen System, Using Oxygraphy, Capnography and Measurement of Upper Airway Pressures." Anaesthesia and Intensive Care 39, no. 6 (2011): 1103–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0310057x1103900620.

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In this study, we evaluated the performance of a humidified nasal high-flow system (Optiflow™, Fisher and Paykel Healthcare) by measuring delivered FiO2 and airway pressures. Oxygraphy, capnography and measurement of airway pressures were performed through a hypopharyngeal catheter in healthy volunteers receiving Optiflow™ humidified nasal high flow therapy at rest and with exercise. The study was conducted in a non-clinical experimental setting. Ten healthy volunteers completed the study after giving informed written consent. Participants received a delivered oxygen fraction of 0.60 with gas

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Hughson, Richard L. "Regulation of Blood Flow at the Onset of Exercise by Feed Forward and Feedback Mechanisms." Canadian Journal of Applied Physiology 28, no. 5 (2003): 774–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/h03-058.

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Blood flow adapts quickly after the onset of exercise to meet the metabolic demands of skeletal muscle. This review approaches the issue of how rapidly blood flow adapts and what the mechanisms for adaptation are primarily from a control theory perspective. Several recent papers have suggested that O2 transport proceeds at a rate that anticipates the metabolic demand over a very wide range of work rates. When considered from a control theory perspective, this implies involvement of feed forward control. Although there is one very important feed forward mechanism in the muscle pump that is acti

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Noikhammueang, Thitiwat, and Witid Mitranun. "High-Intensity Interval Exercise with Blood Flow Restriction Improves Vascular Function in Obese Male Adolescents." Physical Education Theory and Methodology 23, no. 1 (2023): 116–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.17309/tmfv.2023.1.17.

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Study purpose. Obesity, a chronic metabolic disease is on the rise among children and adolescents and is a leading cause of mortality in adults worldwide. It is imperative to prevent obesity in children to lower the risk of adult obesity and cardiovascular diseases. Considering the effectiveness of exercise program, high-intensity interval exercise with blood flow restriction (HIIE-BFR) may have potential beneficial effects on the vascular functions of obese individuals. This study aimed to compare the acute effects of supramaximal high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE-SUPRA) and HIIE-BFR on

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Roberts, T. J., J. M. Weber, H. Hoppeler, E. R. Weibel, and C. R. Taylor. "Design of the oxygen and substrate pathways. II. Defining the upper limits of carbohydrate and fat oxidation." Journal of Experimental Biology 199, no. 8 (1996): 1651–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.199.8.1651.

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This paper quantifies maximal flows of carbohydrates and lipids through the pathways supplying the mitochondria. Maximal flow rates are the main functional parameter used in testing the principle of symmorphosis, which states that structural capacities are quantitatively matched to functional demand. Only under rate-limiting conditions will all of the structural capacity be used. Dogs and goats were compared to obtain large differences in absolute rates. We exercised the animals for long enough to reach steady-state O2 and CO2 exchange rates at intensities eliciting 40%, 60% and 85% of the max

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HAMILTON, N. M., and D. F. HOULIHAN. "Respiratory and Circulatory Adjustments during Aquatic Treadmill Exercise in the European Shore Crab Carcinus Maenas." Journal of Experimental Biology 162, no. 1 (1992): 37–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.162.1.37.

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Carcinus maenas (L.) were exercised using a novel design of aquatic treadmill respirometer. Tethered exercise was performed in sea water at 5.8 m min−1 for 5min. The rate of oxygen consumption and the heart and scaphognathite beat rates increased at the onset of exercise, reaching a steady state within 180 s. The estimated haemolymph flow rate rose 2.6-fold during exercise, achieved by a 1.8-fold increase in heart rate and a 1.5-fold increase in the estimated cardiac stroke volume. The haemolymph total oxygen content difference increased significantly during exercise. Haemolymph total carbon d

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Nurul Hidayah and Rahmi Syarifatun Abidah. "STUDI LITERATUR TENTANG : TEKNIK BUTEYKO DAN TEKNIK LATIHAN PERNAPASAN DIAFRAGMA TERHADAP PUNCAK LAJU ALIRAN PERNAPASAN PASIEN ASMA." Hospital Majapahit (JURNAL ILMIAH KESEHATAN POLITEKNIK KESEHATAN MAJAPAHIT MOJOKERTO) 15, no. 2 (2023): 198–213. http://dx.doi.org/10.55316/hm.v15i2.971.

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Asthma is a disease that is often found in the community, based on data from the World Health Organization in 2018, as many as 300 million asthma sufferers and 225 thousand sufferers died of asthma worldwide. Buteyko technique and diaphragmatic breathing exercise technique can be one of the non-pharmacological adjunct therapies to reduce asthma symptoms also can increase peak expiratory flow. Besides, both of these techniques are still rare people who know that the buteyko technique and diaphragmatic breating exercise can reduce the frequency of asthma symptoms. The purpose of this literature

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Hanson, Brady E., Meagan Proffit, and Jayson R. Gifford. "Vascular function is related to blood flow during high-intensity, but not low-intensity, knee extension exercise." Journal of Applied Physiology 128, no. 3 (2020): 698–708. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00671.2019.

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While vascular function, assessed as the ability of the vasculature to dilate in response to a stimulus, is related to cardiovascular health, its relationship to exercise hyperemia is unclear. This study sought to determine if blood flow during submaximal and maximal exercise is related to vascular function. Nineteen healthy adults completed multiple assessments of vascular function specific to the leg, including passive leg movement (PLM), rapid onset vasodilation (ROV), reactive hyperemia (RH), and flow-mediated dilation (FMD). On a separate day, exercise blood flow (Doppler ultrasound) was

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Duncker, Dirk J., Jay H. Traverse, Yutaka Ishibashi, and Robert J. Bache. "Effect of NO on transmural distribution of blood flow in hypertrophied left ventricle during exercise." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 276, no. 4 (1999): H1305—H1312. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.1999.276.4.h1305.

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When exercise in the presence of a coronary artery stenosis results in subendocardial ischemia, administration of a nitric oxide (NO) donor increases subendocardial blood flow, whereas NO synthesis blockade worsens subendocardial hypoperfusion. Because left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is also associated with subendocardial hypoperfusion during exercise, this study tested the hypothesis that alterations of NO availability can similarly influence subendocardial blood flow in the hypertrophied heart. Studies were performed in seven dogs in which ascending aortic banding resulted in an 80% incre

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McKirnan, M. D., C. G. Gray, and F. C. White. "Effects of feeding on muscle blood flow during prolonged exercise in miniature swine." Journal of Applied Physiology 70, no. 3 (1991): 1097–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1991.70.3.1097.

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Eight exercise-trained miniature swine were studied during prolonged treadmill runs (100 min) under fasting and preexercise feeding conditions. Each animal ran at identical external work loads that corresponded to 65% of the heart rate reserve (210-220 beats/min) for the two exercise bouts. Cardiac outputs and stroke volumes were higher and heart rates lower for fed than for fasting runs (P less than 0.05). Preexercise feeding did not alter oxygen consumption, core temperature, mean arterial pressure, and arterial-mixed venous oxygen difference during prolonged exercise; however, mixed venous

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Wilschut, Esther D., Joris I. Rotmans, Ernst Jan Bos, et al. "Supervised preoperative forearm exercise to increase blood vessel diameter in patients requiring an arteriovenous access for hemodialysis: rationale and design of the PINCH trial." Journal of Vascular Access 19, no. 1 (2018): 84–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.5301/jva.5000826.

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Background: Failure of maturation occurs in 30%-60% of arteriovenous fistula (AVF) creation for hemodialysis, with highest rates in distal radiocephalic fistulas. This is partly due to initial small blood vessel size with limited blood flow capacity. Forearm exercise has shown potential as stimulus for increasing blood vessel size in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and may promote maturation of AVFs in the upper limb when applied postoperatively. However, it is unknown if forearm exercise increases blood vessel size pre-operatively, which may contribute to more distal AVF creation

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Kumari, Abha, Prasad Chandrakant, and Kumar Dinesh. "Effect of Sedentary Life Style on Respiratory Rates and Peak Expiratory Flow Rate among Medical Students." International Journal of Current Pharmaceutical Review and Research 15, no. 04 (2023): 327–32. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12636424.

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AbstractAim: The current study was undertaken to compare Resting, peak exercise, 5 min after exerciserespiratory rates and respiratory rate recovery following Astrand-Ryhming step test and Peakexpiratory flow rates (PEFR) between students of Medical Education (ME)).Material & Methods: The present study was conducted at Government medical college,Bettiah, Bihar, India. The study was conducted on 100 healthy medical students students aftercompletion of 1 year of course in the college. Permission to conduct the study was obtainedfrom the institutional ethical committee and principal of the co

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Thorarensen, Helgi, and Anthony P. Farrell. "Postprandial Intestinal Blood Flow, Metabolic Rates, and Exercise in Chinook Salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha)." Physiological and Biochemical Zoology 79, no. 4 (2006): 688–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/505512.

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Fritzsche, Ricardo G., and Edward F. Coyle. "Cutaneous blood flow during exercise is higher in endurance-trained humans." Journal of Applied Physiology 88, no. 2 (2000): 738–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.2000.88.2.738.

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This study determined whether cutaneous blood flow during exercise is different in endurance-trained (Tr) compared with untrained (Untr) subjects. Ten Tr and ten Untr men (62.4 ± 1.7 and 44.2 ± 1.8 ml ⋅ kg− 1 ⋅ min− 1, respectively; P < 0.05) underwent three 20-min cycling-exercise bouts at 50, 70, and 90% peak oxygen uptake in this order, with 30 min rest in between. The environmental conditions were neutral (∼23–24°C, 50% relative humidity, front and back fans at 2.5 m/s). Because of technical difficulties, only seven Tr and seven Untr subjects completed all forearm blood flow and laser-D

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Hammer, Shane M., Andrew M. Alexander, Kaylin D. Didier, et al. "The noninvasive simultaneous measurement of tissue oxygenation and microvascular hemodynamics during incremental handgrip exercise." Journal of Applied Physiology 124, no. 3 (2018): 604–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00815.2017.

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Limb blood flow increases linearly with exercise intensity; however, invasive measurements of muscle microvascular blood flow during incremental exercise have demonstrated submaximal plateaus. We tested the hypotheses that 1) brachial artery blood flow (Q̇BA) would increase with increasing exercise intensity until task failure, 2) blood flow index of the flexor digitorum superficialis (BFIFDS) measured noninvasively via diffuse correlation spectroscopy would plateau at a submaximal work rate, and 3) muscle oxygenation characteristics (total-[heme], deoxy-[heme], and percentage saturation) meas

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Araújo Júnior, Adenilson Targino de, Maria do Socorro Cirilo-Sousa, Gabriel Rodrigues Neto, et al. "OXYGEN UPTAKE AND RESISTANCE EXERCISE METHODS: THE USE OF BLOOD FLOW RESTRICTION." Revista Brasileira de Medicina do Esporte 24, no. 5 (2018): 343–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1517-869220182405180336.

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ABSTRACT Introduction: The literature has shown that a gap is identified regarding the acute effects of blood flow restriction training on aerobic variables. Objective: to analyze oxygen consumption (VO2) during and after two resistance training sessions: traditional high intensity and low intensity with blood flow restriction. Methods: After one-repetition maximum tests, eight male participants (25.7±3 years) completed the two experimental protocols, separated by 72 hours, in a randomized order: a) high intensity training at 80% of 1RM (HIRE) and b) low intensity training at 20% of 1RM combin

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Wasserman, D. H., P. E. Williams, D. B. Lacy, D. R. Green, and A. D. Cherrington. "Importance of intrahepatic mechanisms to gluconeogenesis from alanine during exercise and recovery." American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism 254, no. 4 (1988): E518—E525. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.1988.254.4.e518.

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These studies were performed to assess the importance of intrahepatic mechanisms to gluconeogenesis in the dog during 150 min of treadmill exercise and 90 min of recovery. Sampling catheters were implanted in an artery and portal and hepatic veins 16 days before experimentation. Infusions of [U-14C]alanine, [3-3H]glucose, and indocyanine green were used to assess gluconeogenesis. During exercise, a decline in arterial and portal vein plasma alanine and in hepatic blood flow led to a decrease in hepatic alanine delivery. During recovery, hepatic blood flow was restored to basal, causing an incr

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Pierce, G. N., P. S. Sekhon, H. P. Meng, and T. G. Maddaford. "Effects of chronic swimming training on cardiac sarcolemmal function and composition." Journal of Applied Physiology 66, no. 4 (1989): 1715–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1989.66.4.1715.

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Cardiac contractile function is dependent on the integrity and function of the sarcolemmal membrane. Swimming exercise training is known to increase cardiac contractile performance. The purpose of the present study was to examine whether a swimming exercise program would alter sarcolemmal enzyme activity, ion flux, and composition in rat hearts. After approximately 11 wk of exercise training, cardiac myosin and actomyosin Ca2+-adenosinetriphosphatase (ATPase) activity was significantly higher in exercised rat hearts than in sedentary control rat hearts. Glycogen content was increased in planta

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Duncker, Dirk J., and Robert J. Bache. "Regulation of Coronary Blood Flow During Exercise." Physiological Reviews 88, no. 3 (2008): 1009–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/physrev.00045.2006.

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Exercise is the most important physiological stimulus for increased myocardial oxygen demand. The requirement of exercising muscle for increased blood flow necessitates an increase in cardiac output that results in increases in the three main determinants of myocardial oxygen demand: heart rate, myocardial contractility, and ventricular work. The approximately sixfold increase in oxygen demands of the left ventricle during heavy exercise is met principally by augmenting coronary blood flow (∼5-fold), as hemoglobin concentration and oxygen extraction (which is already 70–80% at rest) increase o

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Barrett-O'Keefe, Zachary, Joshua F. Lee, Amanda Berbert, et al. "Hemodynamic responses to small muscle mass exercise in heart failure patients with reduced ejection fraction." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 307, no. 10 (2014): H1512—H1520. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00527.2014.

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To better understand the mechanisms responsible for exercise intolerance in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), the present study sought to evaluate the hemodynamic responses to small muscle mass exercise in this cohort. In 25 HFrEF patients (64 ± 2 yr) and 17 healthy, age-matched control subjects (64 ± 2 yr), mean arterial pressure (MAP), cardiac output (CO), and limb blood flow were examined during graded static-intermittent handgrip (HG) and dynamic single-leg knee-extensor (KE) exercise. During HG exercise, MAP increased similarly between groups. CO increased significantl

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Clarkson, Matthew J., Catherine Brumby, Steve F. Fraser, Lawrence P. McMahon, Paul N. Bennett, and Stuart A. Warmington. "Hemodynamic and perceptual responses to blood flow-restricted exercise among patients undergoing dialysis." American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 318, no. 3 (2020): F843—F850. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.00576.2019.

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End-stage kidney disease is associated with reduced exercise capacity, muscle atrophy, and impaired muscle function. While these may be improved with exercise, single modalities of exercise do not traditionally elicit improvements across all required physiological domains. Blood flow-restricted exercise may improve all of these physiological domains with low intensities traditionally considered insufficient for these adaptions. Investigation of this technique appeals, but is yet to be evaluated, in patients undergoing dialysis. With the use of a progressive crossover design, 10 satellite patie

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Stettmeier, Katherine, Nihar Shah, Gaurav Manek, and Debapriya Datta. "RELATION OF MID-EXPIRATORY FLOW RATES TO BRONCHIAL HYPERRESPONSIVENESS DURING EXERCISE-INDUCED BRONCHOCONSTRICTION TEST." Chest 156, no. 4 (2019): A481. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chest.2019.08.493.

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Leblanc, P., E. Summers, M. D. Inman, N. L. Jones, E. J. Campbell, and K. J. Killian. "Inspiratory muscles during exercise: a problem of supply and demand." Journal of Applied Physiology 64, no. 6 (1988): 2482–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1988.64.6.2482.

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The capacity of inspiratory muscles to generate esophageal pressure at several lung volumes from functional residual capacity (FRC) to total lung capacity (TLC) and several flow rates from zero to maximal flow was measured in five normal subjects. Static capacity was 126 +/- 14.6 cmH2O at FRC, remained unchanged between 30 and 55% TLC, and decreased to 40 +/- 6.8 cmH2O at TLC. Dynamic capacity declined by a further 5.0 +/- 0.35% from the static pressure at any given lung volume for every liter per second increase in inspiratory flow. The subjects underwent progressive incremental exercise to m

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Berkin, KE, G. Walker, and NC Thomson. "Evidence for a dual effect by beta-adrenoceptor antagonists on post-exercise airway calibre." European Respiratory Journal 1, no. 3 (1988): 227–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/09031936.93.01030227.

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The effect of selectivity of beta-adrenoceptor antagonists on resting and post-exercise airway calibre in normal subjects was studied. Eight normal subjects were given atenolol 50 mg, propranolol 80 mg and placebo orally, in random order, double-blind. Specific airways conductance and flow-volume curves (partial and complete) were recorded before, 2 hours after drug administration and after exercise. Neither beta-adrenoceptor antagonist had a measurable effect on lung function tests at rest. The post-exercise increase in flow rates measured from partial flow volume curves was inhibited by prop

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McAllister, R. M., J. C. Sansone, and M. H. Laughlin. "Effects of hyperthyroidism on muscle blood flow during exercise in rats." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 268, no. 1 (1995): H330—H335. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.1995.268.1.h330.

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Hyperthyroidism is associated with exercise intolerance. Previous research, however, has shown that cardiac output is either normal or enhanced during exercise in the hyperthyroid state. We therefore hypothesized that blood flow to working skeletal muscle is augmented in hyperthyroid animals during in vivo submaximal exercise and, consequently, that noncardiovascular factors are responsible for intolerance to exercise. To test this hypothesis, rats were made hyperthyroid (Hyper) over 6–12 wk with injections of triiodothyronine (300 micrograms/kg). Hyperthyroidism was evidenced by left ventricu

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Shinaoka, Akira, Kiyoshi Yamada, Yoshihiro Kimata, and Kumiko Matsumoto. "Exercise-Loaded Indocyanine Green Fluorescence Lymphangiography for Diagnosing Lymphedema." Journal of Reconstructive Microsurgery 35, no. 02 (2018): 138–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1667366.

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Background Indocyanine green (ICG) fluorescence lymphography (ICGLG) that can visualize the lymphatic vessel and its flow noninvasively and dynamically was developed in 2007. It is frequently used to observe the function and pathway of the lymphatic vessels. ICGLG is simple and easy to perform, and it is useful for understanding the condition of the lymphatic system in real time. However, its protocol is not standardized. In addition, the lymphatic flow is enhanced by an exercise load such as walking. Till now, there is no report of exercise-loaded ICGLG. Therefore, we aimed to shorten the exa

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OLSEN, Niels Vidiendal, Niels Georg JENSEN, Jesper Melchior HANSEN, Niels Juel CHRISTENSEN, Niels FOGH-ANDERSEN, and Inge-Lis KANSTRUP. "Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and renal response to exercise: a comparison of indomethacin and nabumetone." Clinical Science 97, no. 4 (1999): 457–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/cs0970457.

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Nabumetone, a newer non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) which preferentially blocks cyclo-oxygenase-2 activity, may be less nephrotoxic than indomethacin. This study tested whether nabumetone has effects different from those of indomethacin on exercise-induced changes in renal function and the renin–aldosterone system. In a randomized fashion, ten subjects were studied after indomethacin (100 mg), nabumetone (1 g) or no medication (control) administered orally at 22.00 hours on the day before each study day, and again at 8.00 hours upon arrival at the laboratory. Renal function was st

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Copithorne, David B., Kalter Hali, and Charles L. Rice. "The effect of blood flow on tibialis anterior motor unit firing rates during sustained low-intensity isometric contractions." Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism 46, no. 1 (2021): 63–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/apnm-2020-0437.

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Low-intensity contractions with blood flow occlusion (BFO) result in neuromuscular adaptations comparable with high-intensity (>70% maximal voluntary contraction, MVC) exercise. Because BFO exercise can only be applied to limb muscles, it is of interest to explore whether muscles proximal to the occlusion site are affected. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to assess neural activation of the tibialis anterior (TA) when flow is occluded proximal and distal to the active muscle. Five males completed three protocols to observe the effect of BFO on motor unit firing rates (MUFR) of the T

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Wray, D. Walter, Steven K. Nishiyama, Anthony J. Donato, Mikael Sander, Peter D. Wagner, and Russell S. Richardson. "Endothelin-1-mediated vasoconstriction at rest and during dynamic exercise in healthy humans." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 293, no. 4 (2007): H2550—H2556. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00867.2007.

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It is now generally accepted that α-adrenoreceptor-mediated vasoconstriction is attenuated during exercise, but the efficacy of nonadrenergic vasoconstrictor pathways during exercise remains unclear. Thus, in eight young (23 ± 1 yr), healthy volunteers, we contrasted changes in leg blood flow (ultrasound Doppler) before and during intra-arterial infusion of the α1-adrenoreceptor agonist phenylephrine (PE) with that of the nonadrenergic endothelin A (ETA)/ETB receptor agonist ET-1. Heart rate, arterial blood pressure, common femoral artery diameter, and mean blood velocity were measured at rest

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McManus, Ali M., Nathan R. Sletten, and Daniel J. Green. "The Impact of Different Exercise Intensities on Vasodilation and Shear Rate Patterns in Children." Pediatric Exercise Science 31, no. 3 (2019): 282–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/pes.2019-0003.

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Purpose: The effect of exercise intensity on vasodilator function is poorly understood in children. The authors compared the acute effect of high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE) with moderate-intensity steady-state exercise (MISS) on postexercise vasodilation and shear patterns in 7- to 12- year-old children. Methods: Superficial femoral artery diameter, shear rates, and flow-mediated dilation were measured pre, immediately following (post), and 1 hour after (post60) HIIE (six 1-min sprints at 90% peak power [Wmax], with 1-min recovery) and MISS (15 min at 44% Wmax). Results: Baseline super

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Moctezuma-Ramirez, Angel, Abdelmotagaly Elgalad, Kelly Handy, Gil Costas, and O. H. Frazier. "Baseline Hemodynamics Including Aortic and Pulmonary Blood Flow in a Chronic Bovine Model." Surgeries 3, no. 3 (2022): 192–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/surgeries3030021.

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The use of large animal models in the preclinical setting has expanded and become increasingly valuable for evaluating the safety and efficacy of new therapies and devices. Here, we report normal hemodynamic values, including aortic and pulmonary blood flow, in a bovine model at rest and during exercise after a control procedure. We performed a left lateral thoracotomy and implanted fluid-filled pressure lines (aortic pressure, right atrial pressure, left atrial pressure, pulmonary artery pressure) and left (systemic) and right (pulmonary) flow probe lines. Throughout the postoperative period,

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Astuti, Novitasari Ratna, Sri Utami, and Rina Maya Puspita. "Effects of Oral Exercise Towards Salivary Flow Rate In Elderly: An Interventional Study." PROCEEDING IMPROVE QUALITY IN DENTISTRY 1, no. 1 (2024): 178–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.18196/imunity.v1i1.29.

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Elderly population is increasing globally. The percentage of elderly people in Indonesia reached 9.60 percent. The Special Region of Yogyakarta (DIY) has the highest number of elderly people, which is 14.02. One of the oral health problems of elderly is dry mouth. Saliva is an important aspect needed to maintain oral health. Reduced saliva can cause various diseases. Simple and effective interventions are needed to improve salivary conditions in the elderly, namely oral health promotion by doing oral exercises which considered to maintain and improve oral function which is an important factor

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Hesser, C. M., F. Lind, and D. Linnarsson. "Significance of airway resistance for the pattern of breathing and lung volumes in exercising humans." Journal of Applied Physiology 68, no. 5 (1990): 1875–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1990.68.5.1875.

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The effects of increased airway resistance on lung volumes and pattern of breathing were studied in eight subjects performing leg exercise on a cycle ergometer. Airway resistance was changed 1) by increasing the density (D) of the respired gas by a factor of 4.2 and changing the inspired gas from O2 at 1.3 bar to air at 6 bar and 2) by increasing airway flow rates by exposing the subjects to incremental work loads of 0-200 W. Increased gas D caused a slower and deeper respiration at rest and during exercise and, at work loads greater than 120 W, depressed the responses of ventilation and mean

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Lauritzen, S. K., and W. C. Adams. "Ozone inhalation effects consequent to continuous exercise in females: comparison to males." Journal of Applied Physiology 59, no. 5 (1985): 1601–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1985.59.5.1601.

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Exposure to ozone (O3) at ambient photochemical smog alert levels has been shown to cause alteration in pulmonary function and exercise response in humans, but there is a paucity of data on females. The initial purpose of the present investigation was to study the effects of O3 inhalation on pulmonary function and selected exercise respiratory metabolism and breathing pattern responses in young adult females. Six female subjects exercised continuously on a bicycle ergometer for 1 h on 10 occasions at one of three intensities, while exposed to 0.0, 0.20, 0.30, or 0.40 ppm O3. Forced expiratory

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Caillaud, Corinne, Cyrille Le Creff, Patrick Legros, and André Denjean. "Strenuous Exercise Increases Plasmatic and Urinary Leukotriene E4 in Cyclists." Canadian Journal of Applied Physiology 28, no. 6 (2003): 793–806. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/h03-059.

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The purpose of this study was to investigate plasma and urinary levels of leukotriene (LT) and the changes in pulmonary function induced by strenuous exercise in highly trained cyclists (HT) with mild exercised-induced hypoxemia (EIH). Method: Nine HT and five untrained subjects (UT) performed a 30-min exercise at 78% of their [Formula: see text] Leukotriene E4 (LTE4) was assayed in plasma and urine. Pulmonary function tests and pulmonary diffusion capacity (DLCO) were examined before and after exercising. Ear arterialized blood gases were assessed at rest and during exercise. Results: The mea

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