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1

Chan, John S. Y., Kanfeng Deng, Jiamin Wu, and Jin H. Yan. "Effects of Meditation and Mind–Body Exercises on Older Adults’ Cognitive Performance: A Meta-analysis." Gerontologist 59, no. 6 (2019): e782-e790. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geront/gnz022.

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Abstract Background and Objectives Meditation and mind–body exercises are suggested to delay decline or enhance cognitive capabilities in older adults. However, their effectiveness remains uncertain. This study assessed the effectiveness of meditation and mind–body exercises to improve cognition in elderly people aged 60 years or above. Moderator variables were also explored. Research Design and Methods A databases search (MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, CNKI, and Wangfang) was conducted from the first available date to January 10, 2018. Inclusion criteria
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Zhang, C., D. Li, and X. Wang. "Role of physical exercise type in olfactory deterioration in ageing." Rhinology journal 58, no. 2 (2020): 145–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4193/rhin19.274.

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BACKGROUND: Although ageing and neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer disease, have been associated with olfaction impairment, studies exploring how to ameliorate this impairment are limited. The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of various types of physical exercise on olfaction decline in ageing. METHODOLOGY: 99 healthy community-dwelling participants (85 women; mean (SD) age, 62.5 (5.7) years) were included. All the participants were required to complete the tests consisting of a questionnaire, cognitive test and olfaction test. RESULTS: Odor identification scor
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Wang, Xiangbin, Meijin Hou, Shaoqing Chen, et al. "Effects of tai chi on postural control during dual-task stair negotiation in knee osteoarthritis: a randomised controlled trial protocol." BMJ Open 10, no. 1 (2020): e033230. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-033230.

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IntroductionStair ascent and descent require complex integration between sensory and motor systems; individuals with knee osteoarthritis (KOA) have an elevated risk for falls and fall injuries, which may be in part due to poor dynamic postural control during locomotion. Tai chi exercise has been shown to reduce fall risks in the ageing population and is recommended as one of the non-pharmocological therapies for people with KOA. However, neuromuscular mechanisms underlying the benefits of tai chi for persons with KOA are not clearly understood. Postural control deficits in performing a primary
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Lyu, Jihui, Nayan Huang, Lian Wei, and Xiangjiang Rong. "P2-013: THE EFFECTS OF A ‘COGNITION PROTECTING TAI CHI’ (CPT) EXERCISE PROGRAM ON COGNITION, MOODS, BEHAVIOURAL AND PSYCHIATRIC SYMPTOMS, AND ACTIVITIES OF DAILY LIVING IN OLDER PEOPLE WITH MILD DEMENTIA." Alzheimer's & Dementia 15 (July 2019): P575. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jalz.2019.06.1235.

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Cao, Yun, and Aijun Niu. "Effect of Tai Chi exercise on older people with nephritis." African Journal of Microbiology Research 5, no. 11 (2011): 1355–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.5897/ajmr11.110.

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Purdie, Naomi. "Tai chi to prevent falls in older adults." British Journal of Community Nursing 24, no. 11 (2019): 550–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/bjcn.2019.24.11.550.

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Frailty is common in older age and those living with frailty are at risk of adverse health outcomes. Exercise programmes could potentially reduce the risks for this group of people by increasing muscle strength, reducing falls and improving overall mobility. This study looks specifically at the effects of weekly tai chi classes in those people living with frailty in older age. This study monitored the participants who attended each week and looked to see if any improvements were made by reducing the risk of falls, and improving mobility. Validated tools that assess balance, gait, and identify
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Maciaszek, Janusz, and W. Osiński. "The Effects of Tai Chi on Body Balance in Elderly People — A Review of Studies from the Early 21st Century." American Journal of Chinese Medicine 38, no. 02 (2010): 219–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0192415x10007798.

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We performed a systematic review of studies regarding the effects of Tai Chi on the body balance of people older than 60 years. The Medline, SPORTDiscus and Academic Search Complete databases were searched for relevant studies published after the year 2000. Original randomized controlled trials, non-randomized controlled studies and observational studies were included in this review if they evaluated Tai Chi for the treatment of body balance disorder or fall prevention, and if they contained at least one of the following key words: Tai Chi, body balance, stability, elderly, old, training or po
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Lin, Mau-Roung, Hei-Fen Hwang, Yi-Wei Wang, Shu-Hui Chang, and Steven L. Wolf. "Community-Based Tai Chi and Its Effect on Injurious Falls, Balance, Gait, and Fear of Falling in Older People." Physical Therapy 86, no. 9 (2006): 1189–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.2522/ptj.20040408.

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Abstract Background and Purpose. It is important to determine the effect of adherence to a tai chi program on falls and related functional outcomes in older people. This study examined the effect of a community-based tai chi program on injurious falls, balance, gait, and fear of falling among people aged 65 years and older in Taiwan. Subjects and Methods. In 6 rural villages in Taichung County, 1,200 subjects participated in the initial assessment. During a 1-year intervention period, all study villages were provided with education on fall prevention. Two villages had been provided tai chi exe
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Chan, Wing-Nga, and William Wai-Nam Tsang. "Effect of Tai Chi Training on Dual-Tasking Performance That Involves Stepping Down among Stroke Survivors: A Pilot Study." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2017 (2017): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/9134173.

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Descending stairs demands attention and neuromuscular control, especially with dual-tasking. Studies have demonstrated that stroke often degrades a survivor’s ability to descend stairs. Tai Chi has been shown to improve dual-tasking performance of healthy older adults, but no such study has been conducted in stroke survivors. This study investigated the effect of Tai Chi training on dual-tasking performance that involved stepping down and compared it with that of conventional exercise among stroke survivors. Subjects were randomized into Tai Chi (n=9), conventional exercise (n=8), and control
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Blake, Holly, and Helen Hawley. "Effects of Tai Chi Exercise on Physical and Psychological Health of Older People." Current Aging Science 5, no. 1 (2012): 19–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874609811205010019.

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Benyi, M., M. Vamos, L. Meszaros, P. Czudar, and P. Rakos-Zichy. "Traditional physical exercise and tai chi comparative study among older people in Hungary." Injury Prevention 16, Supplement 1 (2010): A148—A149. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/ip.2010.029215.533.

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While, Alison E. "Falls and older people: preventative interventions." British Journal of Community Nursing 25, no. 6 (2020): 288–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/bjcn.2020.25.6.288.

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Falls among older people are a major public health challenge, because the sequelae of falls can be severe, both in terms of mental and physical health repercussions. Building on an earlier article that discussed the reasons why older people fall, this article describes the interventions that may help reduce falls among older people. Four interventions which could be applied within UK community settings, namely, the Otago programme, the falls management exercise programme, tai chi and home assessment and modification are outlined here. District nurses are well placed to contribute to a reductio
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Xu, Dong-Qing, Jing-Xian Li, and Youlian Hong. "Effect of regular Tai Chi and jogging exercise on neuromuscular reaction in older people." Age and Ageing 34, no. 5 (2005): 439–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ageing/afi114.

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Mori, Kohei, Takuo Nomura, Yoshiteru Akezaki, Ryohei Yamamoto, and Hirokazu Iwakura. "Impact of Tai Chi Yuttari-exercise on arteriosclerosis and physical function in older people." Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics 87 (March 2020): 104011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.archger.2020.104011.

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Wu, Ting-Yi, Chia-Chi Kung, Ting-Yu Kao, and Wei-Hsin Sun. "Innovative Mind–Body Intervention Day Easy Exercise Increases Peripheral Blood CD34+ Cells in Adults." Cell Transplantation 29 (January 1, 2020): 096368972095235. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0963689720952352.

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Mind–body interventions (MBIs) have many health benefits, such as reducing stress, modulating blood pressure, and improving sleep and life quality. The long-term practice of Tai chi, an MBI, also increases the number of CD34+ cells, which are surface markers of hematopoietic stem cells, so prolonged Tai chi practice may have antiaging effects. We developed the day easy exercise (DEE), an innovative MBI, that is easy to learn and requires only a small exercise area and a short practice time. The aim of this study was to explore whether DEE, like Tai chi, has antiaging effects after short-term p
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Ji, Zhiguang, Anmin Li, Tian Feng, et al. "The benefits of Tai Chi and brisk walking for cognitive function and fitness in older adults." PeerJ 5 (October 20, 2017): e3943. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.3943.

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The purpose of this study was to investigate the benefits of exercises with different cognitive demands for cognitive functions (Executive and non-Executive) in healthy older adults. A cross-sectional design was adopted. In total, 84 healthy older adults were enrolled in the study. They were categorized into the Tai Chi group (TG), the brisk walking group (BG) or the control group (CG). Each participant performed the Stroop task and a digit comparison task. The Stroop task included the following three conditions: a naming condition, an inhibition condition and an executive condition. There wer
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Cetin, S. Y., B. Basakci Calik, and A. Ayan. "AB1307-HPR INVESTIGATION OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF TAI CHI EXERCISE PROGRAM ON CARDIOPULMONARY FUNCTIONS AND QUALITY OF LIFE IN PATIENTS WITH SYSTEMIC SCLEROSIS." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 79, Suppl 1 (2020): 1944.2–1944. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.5201.

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Background:Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is an autoimmune disease that not only affects the skin but also causes symptoms that involve important internal organs such as joints, muscles, and heart and lungs. Due to all these multiple system involvements, the quality of life of individuals with scleroderma decreases. Tai Chi Chuan is a combination of physical exercise and relaxation techniques, and it is a traditional Chinese exercise method used to improve mental and physical health of people. There are many studies showing that Tai Chi improves the body’s aerobic capacity and psychological well-bei
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Li, Xiaoyuan, Hongyu Si, Yamin Chen, Shouhao Li, Ningning Yin, and Zhenlong Wang. "Effects of fitness qigong and tai chi on middle-aged and elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus." PLOS ONE 15, no. 12 (2020): e0243989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0243989.

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Currently, qigong and tai chi exercises are the two most common preventive as well as therapeutic interventions for chronic metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, the quantitative evaluation of these interventions is limited. This study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of qigong and tai chi intervention in middle-aged and older adults with T2DM. The study included 103 eligible participants, who were randomized to participate for 12 weeks, in one of the following intervention groups for the treatment of T2DM: fitness qigong, tai chi, and control group. Th
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Frye, Brian, Stephen Scheinthal, Tatyana Kemarskaya, and Rachel Pruchno. "Tai Chi and Low Impact Exercise: Effects on the Physical Functioning and Psychological Well-Being of Older People." Journal of Applied Gerontology 26, no. 5 (2007): 433–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0733464807306915.

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20

Xu, D. Q. "Effects of long term Tai Chi practice and jogging exercise on muscle strength and endurance in older people * Commentary." British Journal of Sports Medicine 40, no. 1 (2006): 50–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bjsm.2005.019273.

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21

Northey, Joseph Michael, Nicolas Cherbuin, Kate Louise Pumpa, Disa Jane Smee, and Ben Rattray. "Exercise interventions for cognitive function in adults older than 50: a systematic review with meta-analysis." British Journal of Sports Medicine 52, no. 3 (2017): 154–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2016-096587.

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BackgroundPhysical exercise is seen as a promising intervention to prevent or delay cognitive decline in individuals aged 50 years and older, yet the evidence from reviews is not conclusive.ObjectivesTo determine if physical exercise is effective in improving cognitive function in this population.DesignSystematic review with multilevel meta-analysis.Data sourcesElectronic databases Medline (PubMed), EMBASE (Scopus), PsychINFO and CENTRAL (Cochrane) from inception to November 2016.Eligibility criteriaRandomised controlled trials of physical exercise interventions in community-dwelling adults ol
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Sherrington, Cathie, Nicola Fairhall, Geraldine Wallbank, et al. "Exercise for preventing falls in older people living in the community: an abridged Cochrane systematic review." British Journal of Sports Medicine 54, no. 15 (2019): 885–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2019-101512.

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ObjectivesTo assess the effects of exercise interventions for preventing falls in older people living in the community.Selection criteriaWe included randomised controlled trials evaluating the effects of any form of exercise as a single intervention on falls in people aged 60+years living in the community.ResultsExercise reduces the rate of falls by 23% (rate ratio (RaR) 0.77, 95% CI 0.71 to 0.83; 12 981 participants, 59 studies; high-certainty evidence). Subgroup analyses showed no evidence of a difference in effect on falls on the basis of risk of falling as a trial inclusion criterion, part
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Zampogna, Biagio, Rocco Papalia, Giuseppe Francesco Papalia, et al. "The Role of Physical Activity as Conservative Treatment for Hip and Knee Osteoarthritis in Older People: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis." Journal of Clinical Medicine 9, no. 4 (2020): 1167. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm9041167.

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The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to determine the role of physical activity as a conservative treatment for older people with knee or hip osteoarthritis. The effect on pain, physical function, stiffness, quality of life, and dynamic balance of Aquatic Exercise, Land-based Exercise, and Sports were compared in a specific population composed of osteoarthritic patients aged 65 or over. A systematic search using Pubmed-Medline, Google Scholar, and the Cochrane Library was carried out to select randomized clinical trials, observational studies, or case series that evaluated ou
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Chang, Mi Young. "Effects of Tai Chi Exercise Program Incorporating Laughter Therapy on Blood Pressure, Stress Response and Depression in Older People with Hypertension." International Journal of IT-based Social Welfare Promotion and Management 3, no. 1 (2016): 95–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.21742/ijswpm.2016.3.16.

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Zheng, Zhiwei, Xinyi Zhu, Shufei Yin, et al. "Combined Cognitive-Psychological-Physical Intervention Induces Reorganization of Intrinsic Functional Brain Architecture in Older Adults." Neural Plasticity 2015 (2015): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/713104.

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Mounting evidence suggests that enriched mental, physical, and socially stimulating activities are beneficial for counteracting age-related decreases in brain function and cognition in older adults. Here, we used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to demonstrate the functional plasticity of brain activity in response to a combined cognitive-psychological-physical intervention and investigated the contribution of the intervention-related brain changes to individual performance in healthy older adults. The intervention was composed of a 6-week program of combined activities including c
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Kendall, Julie C., Jan Hartvigsen, Michael F. Azari, and Simon D. French. "Effects of Nonpharmacological Interventions for Dizziness in Older People: Systematic Review." Physical Therapy 96, no. 5 (2016): 641–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.2522/ptj.20150349.

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Background Nonpharmacological interventions have been shown to have some effectiveness in adults with dizziness; however, the effectiveness of these interventions in older people is unknown. Purpose The aim of this study was to determine the effects of conservative nonpharmacological interventions for dizziness in older people. Data Sources The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, PubMed, EMBASE, SCOPUS, CINAHL, AMED, Index to Chiropractic Literature, PsycINFO, and MANTIS were searched from inception to May 2014. Study Selection Two investigators independently screened controlled tr
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Lin, Shu-Fen, Huei-Chuan Sung, Tzai-Li Li, et al. "The effects of Tai-Chi in conjunction with thera-band resistance exercise on functional fitness and muscle strength among community-based older people." Journal of Clinical Nursing 24, no. 9-10 (2015): 1357–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jocn.12751.

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Mitzner, Tracy, and Anne Ordway. "Innovative Approaches to Inclusive Design for Technology to Support Aging With Disability: Examples From TechSAge." Innovation in Aging 4, Supplement_1 (2020): 599. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igaa057.2017.

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Abstract Technology research and development often exclude older adults with disabilities from participating in the design process. As a result, technologies may not be useful or usable by older adults with diverse abilities. This symposium, featuring projects at the TechSAge Rehabilitation Engineering Research Center, highlights ongoing efforts toward inclusive design, representing unique approaches to engage older adults with disabilities and their stakeholders in the research and development of technology supports. First, Mitzner et al., will describe the development of an online, group Tai
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Yu, Xiaoqun, and Shuping Xiong. "A Dynamic Time Warping Based Algorithm to Evaluate Kinect-Enabled Home-Based Physical Rehabilitation Exercises for Older People." Sensors 19, no. 13 (2019): 2882. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19132882.

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Older people face difficulty engaging in conventional rehabilitation exercises for improving physical functions over a long time period due to the passive nature of the conventional exercise, inconvenience, and cost. This study aims to develop and validate a dynamic time warping (DTW) based algorithm for assessing Kinect-enabled home-based physical rehabilitation exercises, in order to support auto-coaching in a virtual gaming environment. A DTW-based algorithm was first applied to compute motion similarity between two time series from an individual user and a virtual coach. We chose eight bon
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Ng, Christopher A. C. M., Nicola Fairhall, Geraldine Wallbank, Anne Tiedemann, Zoe A. Michaleff, and Catherine Sherrington. "Exercise for falls prevention in community-dwelling older adults: trial and participant characteristics, interventions and bias in clinical trials from a systematic review." BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine 5, no. 1 (2019): e000663. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjsem-2019-000663.

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IntroductionThere is strong evidence that exercise prevents falls in community-dwelling older people. This review summarises trial and participant characteristics, intervention contents and study quality of 108 randomised trials evaluating exercise interventions for falls prevention in community-dwelling older adults.MethodsMEDLINE, EMBASE, CENTRAL and three other databases sourced randomised controlled trials of exercise as a single intervention to prevent falls in community-dwelling adults aged 60+ years to May 2018.Results108 trials with 146 intervention arms and 23 407 participants were in
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Park, A., and D. McDaid. "Assessing the cost-effectiveness of conventional group based exercise and Tai Chi as interventions to reduce the risk of fall-related injuries in older people." Injury Prevention 16, Supplement 1 (2010): A218—A219. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/ip.2010.029215.779.

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Yang, Fei-Chi, Aishwarya B. Desai, Pelareh Esfahani, Tatiana V. Sokolovskaya, and Doreen J. Bartlett. "Effectiveness of Tai Chi for Health Promotion of Older Adults: A Scoping Review of Meta-Analyses." American Journal of Lifestyle Medicine, March 24, 2021, 155982762110012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/15598276211001291.

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Background. Tai Chi is a form of exercise that is accessible to people from different socioeconomic backgrounds, making it a potentially valuable activity for health promotion of older adults. Purpose. The objective of this scoping review was to summarize the current knowledge about the effectiveness of Tai Chi for older adults across a range of general health outcomes from published, peer reviewed, unique meta-analyses. Methods. Meta-analyses were retrieved from Medline, Embase, AMED, CINAHL, SPORTDiscus, PsychINFO, Web of Science, PubMed Health, and the Cochrane Library from database incepti
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Yang, Shao-Yun, Hsuei-Chen Lee, Chih-Mao Huang, and Jin-Jong Chen. "Efficacy of Tai Chi-Style Multi-Component Exercise on Frontal-Related Cognition and Physical Health in Elderly With Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment." Frontiers in Aging 2 (April 16, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fragi.2021.636390.

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Early prevention from accelerated neurocognitive declines with advanced aging and the delay of the onset of dementia have became paramount for the achievement of active aging. The present study examined whether the proposed non-pharmaceutical, multi-component exercise training which combined Tai-Chi exercise, Aerobic fitness, and thera-band therapy protects against age-related neurocognitive and physical deterioration in the older participants with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI). Participants with aMCI in the quasi-experimental design were assigned to the multi-component exercise gr
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Chen, Po-Yin, Chen-Yi Song, Hsin-Yen Yen, et al. "Impacts of tai chi exercise on functional fitness in community-dwelling older adults with mild degenerative knee osteoarthritis: a randomized controlled clinical trial." BMC Geriatrics 21, no. 1 (2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12877-021-02390-9.

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Abstract Background Degenerative osteoarthritis (OA) often leads to pain and stiffness of the affected joints, which may affect the physical performance and decrease the quality of life of people with degenerative knee OA. Compared to traditional exercise, tai chi is a safe exercise with slow movements which can facilitate physical functioning and psychological well being, and might be suitable for improving the physical activities of older adults with knee OA. Therefore, this study investigated the impacts of tai chi exercise on the functional fitness of community-dwelling older adults with d
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Siu, Mei-yi, and Diana T. F. Lee. "Effects of tai chi on cognition and instrumental activities of daily living in community dwelling older people with mild cognitive impairment." BMC Geriatrics 18, no. 1 (2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12877-018-0720-8.

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Kruisbrink, Marlot, Kim Delbaere, Gertrudis I. J. M. Kempen, et al. "Intervention Characteristics Associated With a Reduction in Fear of Falling Among Community-Dwelling Older People: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials." Gerontologist, April 8, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geront/gnaa021.

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Abstract Background and Objectives Fear of falling (FoF) is associated with decreased physical functioning and an increased fall risk. Interventions generally demonstrate moderate effects and optimized interventions are needed. Intervention characteristics, such as setting or delivery method may vary. We investigated which overarching intervention characteristics are associated with a reduction in FoF in community-dwelling older people. Research Design and Methods A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in community-dwelling older people without specific di
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Sherrington, Catherine, Nicola Fairhall, Wing Kwok, et al. "Evidence on physical activity and falls prevention for people aged 65+ years: systematic review to inform the WHO guidelines on physical activity and sedentary behaviour." International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity 17, no. 1 (2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12966-020-01041-3.

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Abstract Background Exercise prevents falls in older adults. Regular updates of estimated effects of exercise on falls are warranted given the number of new trials, the increasing number of older people globally and the major consequences of falls and fall-related injuries. Methods This update of a 2019 Cochrane Review was undertaken to inform the World Health Organization guidelines on physical activity and sedentary behaviour. Searches were conducted in six databases. We included randomised controlled trials evaluating effects of any form of physical activity as a single intervention on fall
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Taylor, Jennifer, Sarah Walsh, Wing Kwok, et al. "A scoping review of physical activity interventions for older adults." International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity 18, no. 1 (2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12966-021-01140-9.

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Abstract Background To inform implementation and future research, this scoping review investigates the volume of evidence for physical activity interventions among adults aged 60+. Our research questions are: (1) what is the evidence regarding interventions designed to increase total physical activity in adults aged 60+ years, in accordance with three of the four strategic objectives of GAPPA (active societies, active environments, active people); (2) what is the current evidence regarding the effectiveness of physical activity programmes and services designed for older adults?; and (3) What a
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Ren, Fei-Fei, Feng-Tzu Chen, Wen-Sheng Zhou, et al. "Effects of Chinese Mind-Body Exercises on Executive Function in Middle-Aged and Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis." Frontiers in Psychology 12 (May 21, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.656141.

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Chinese mind-body exercises (CMBEs) are positively associated with executive function (EF), but their effects on EF, from synthesized evidence using systematic and meta-analytic reviews, have not been conducted. Therefore, the present systematic review with meta-analysis attempted to determine whether CMBEs affect EF and its sub-domains, as well as how exercise, sample, and study characteristics moderate the causal relationship between CMBEs and EF in middle-aged and older adults. Seven electronic databases were searched for relevant studies published from the inception of each database throug
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Pace, Steven. "Acquiring Tastes through Online Activity: Neuroplasticity and the Flow Experiences of Web Users." M/C Journal 17, no. 1 (2014). http://dx.doi.org/10.5204/mcj.773.

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IntroductionCan a person’s tastes in art, music, literature, cinema, sport, humour or other fields be changed through online activity? This article explores that question by comparing recent research findings in the areas of neuroplasticity and flow. Neuroplasticity, also known as brain plasticity, is the idea that the human brain can change its structure and function through thought and activity, even into old age (Doidge). The second concept—flow—comes from the field of psychology, and refers to a deeply satisfying state of focused attention that people sometimes experience while engaging in
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