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Journal articles on the topic 'Exhalation'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 26 July 2025

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1

Drevhammar, Thomas, Peder Aleksander Bjorland, Joanna Haynes, et al. "Incomplete Exhalation during Resuscitation—Theoretical Review and Examples from Ventilation of Newborn Term Infants." Children 10, no. 7 (2023): 1118. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/children10071118.

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Background: Newborn resuscitation guidelines recommend positive pressure ventilation (PPV) for newborns who do not establish effective spontaneous breathing after birth. T-piece resuscitator systems are commonly used in high-resource settings and can additionally provide positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP). Short expiratory time, high resistance, rapid dynamic changes in lung compliance and large tidal volumes increase the possibility of incomplete exhalation. Previous publications indicate that this may occur during newborn resuscitation. Our aim was to study examples of incomplete exhala

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2

Robert, Christian. "Exhalation." CHANCE 37, no. 2 (2024): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09332480.2024.2348977.

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3

Pietropaoli, Anthony P., Irene B. Perillo, Alfonso Torres, et al. "Simultaneous measurement of nitric oxide production by conducting and alveolar airways of humans." Journal of Applied Physiology 87, no. 4 (1999): 1532–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1999.87.4.1532.

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Human airways produce nitric oxide (NO), and exhaled NO increases as expiratory flow rates fall. We show that mixing during exhalation between the NO produced by the lower, alveolar airways (V˙l NO) and the upper conducting airways (V˙u NO) explains this phenomenon and permits measurement ofV˙l NO,V˙u NO, and the NO diffusing capacity of the conducting airways (Du NO). After breath holding for 10–15 s the partial pressure of alveolar NO (Pa) becomes constant, and during a subsequent exhalation at a constant expiratory flow rate the alveoli will deliver a stable amount of NO to the conducting a

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4

Nikolic, Mladen, and Rodoljub Simovic. "Radon exhalation rates of some granites used in Serbia." Nuclear Technology and Radiation Protection 30, no. 2 (2015): 145–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/ntrp1502145n.

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In order to address concern about radon exhalation in building material, radon exhalation rate was determined for different granites available on Serbian market. Radon exhalation rate, along with mass exhalation rate and effective radium content were determined by closed chamber method and active continuous radon measurement technique. For this research, special chambers were made and tested for back diffusion and leakage, and the radon concentrations measured were included in the calculation of radon exhalation. The radon exhalation rate ranged from 0.161 Bq/m2h to 0.576 Bq/m2h, the mass exha

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5

Jabbade, Meryame, Abdellatif Nachab, Elmokhtar Elouardi, et al. "Study of the effect of temperature and water content on radon exhalation from phosphate using LR-115 detectors." Radiation Protection Dosimetry 199, no. 18 (2023): 2212–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rpd/ncad172.

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Abstract A study of the influence of moisture content on the radon exhalation rate from phosphate samples (with and without consideration of the back diffusion effect) was performed using the sealed cup technique. The mass exhalation rate was found to increase with an increase in moisture content, reaching a maximum value of 2.414 ± 0.034 Bq kg−1 h−1 with a moisture content of 10%. However, the mass exhalation rate decreased with a continued increase in moisture content above 25%. The mass exhalation rate was also measured at different temperatures between −10 and 50°C. The obtained results sh

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6

Lin, F., R. Xie, Z. Fan, et al. "Comparison of two models for measuring radon exhalation rate with a ventilation chamber by numerical simulation." Journal of Instrumentation 17, no. 10 (2022): P10007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/17/10/p10007.

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Abstract Two models can be used to measure the radon exhalation rate with a ventilation chamber. The first is the custom model with a flow meter, and the second is the improved model without flow meter. As the established radon exhalation standard facilities can't simulate any medium to be measured by adjusting the radon exhalation rate and effective decay constants as required, numerical simulation is useful to compare the two models for measuring radon exhalation rate under different effective decay constants. Three different effective decay constants and two different radon exhalation rates

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7

Kumar, Amit, and Pal Chauhan. "Radon exhalation rates from common building materials in India: Effect of back diffusion." Nuclear Technology and Radiation Protection 31, no. 3 (2016): 277–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/ntrp1603277k.

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A radon exhalation study for building materials was carried out by closed accumulator technique using plastic track detector LR-115 type-II, taking into account the effect of back diffusin. The back diffusion of radon into the materials causes an underestimate of free exhalation rates. The results showed that radon exhalation rates of soil, sand, brick powder, and crasher were found to be high as compared to rice husk ash, wall putty, and plaster of Paris. The radon exhalation rates from building materials varied from 0.45 ? 0.07 mBq/kgh to 1.55 ? 0.2 mBq/kgh and 3.4 ? 0.7 mBq/m2h to 28.6 ? 3.

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8

Li, Huiying, Zhongkai Fan, Shuaibin Liu, et al. "A novel method to simulate radon exhalation rate with a solid Rn-222 source." Journal of Instrumentation 19, no. 07 (2024): T07006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/19/07/t07006.

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Abstract Radon exhaled from rocks, building materials, and soil can be harmful to human health, so it is necessary to measure radon and its exhalation rate. In this paper, a novel method is proposed to simulate radon exhalation from different medium surface by using a solid Rn-222 source, and the radon exhalation rate can be adjusted by replacing radon accumulation chambers with different bottom areas. Firstly, an experiment was done to determine the activity of the Rn-222 source, and then the theoretical radon exhalation rate can be quickly calculated from the relationship between the radon s

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9

Döse, Magnus, and Johan Silfwerbrand. "Effect on Radon Exhalation Rate Due to Cracks in Concrete." Nordic Concrete Research 61, no. 2 (2019): 79–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ncr-2019-0018.

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Abstract The second largest cause of lung cancer in the World is related to radon (222Rn) and its progenies in our environment. Building materials, such as concrete, contribute to the production of radon gas through the natural decay of 238U from its constituents. The Swedish Cement and Concrete Research Institute (CBI), part of RISE (Research Institute of Sweden AB), has examined the effects of cracks in concrete on two different concrete recipes where an Ordinary Portland Cement, OPC-CEM-I concrete (REF) and an OPC concrete including a hydrophobic additive (ADD) were addressed. Two concrete

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10

Goodwin, A. M., H. G. Thode, C. L. Chou, and S. N. Karkhansis. "Chemostratigraphy and origin of the late Archean siderite–pyrite-rich Helen Iron Formation, Michipicoten belt, Canada." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 22, no. 1 (1985): 72–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e85-006.

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The 2.7 Ga old Helen Iron Formation (HIF) with its uniquely large siderite–Pyrite orebody conformably overlies chemically altered rhyolite–dacite pyroclastic rocks, including an ottrelite-bearing alteration pipe, the product of exhalative venting in freshly accumulated pyroclastics. HIF, in turn, is conformably overlain by pillowed mafic lava flows.HIF internal stratigraphy is conformable from lower massive siderite–sulfide through middle sulfidic, carbonaceous chert, to upper magnetitic chert. Major- and trace-element and carbon- and sulfur-isotope data demonstrate cyclic fluctuations in chem

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11

Kozłowska, Beata, Jadwiga Mazur, Krzysztof Kozak, Agata Walencik-Łata, and Błażej Baic. "Investigation of the influence of chamber construction parameters on radon exhalation rate." Nukleonika 61, no. 3 (2016): 269–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/nuka-2016-0045.

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Abstract Radon exhalation from ground is a process dependent on the emanation and migration of radon through ambient air. Most studies on radon exhalation from soil were performed regarding the influence of meteorological and soil parameters. As radon exhalation rate can be affected by the internal properties of the sample, it may also be influenced by the exhalation chamber geometry such as volume-to-area (V/S) ratio or other construction parameters. The measurements of radon exhalation from soil were made using different constructions of accumulation chamber and two types of radon monitors:

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12

Wang, Shu Guang, Wei Yang, Qing Chen, Jian Hua Chen, and Cong Han. "Analysis of the Ventilation Effects on Radon-222 Exhalation in a Dead-End Tunnel." Applied Mechanics and Materials 713-715 (January 2015): 304–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.713-715.304.

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The regularity of radon exhalation rate in the over-broken granite tunnel is susceptible to weather conditions and ventilation styles. Based on the calculation model of radon exhalation in tunnel, some experiments have been carried out to analyze the variations of radon exhalation in cases of natural ventilation, blowing ventilation and exhaust ventilation separately. The results show that there is a linear relation between the radon exhalation and the natural ventilation quantity, and also between the radon exhalation and the ambient temperature; the radon exhalation in the case of exhaust ve

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13

Dougherty, John E., and Paul A. Payne. "The Use of Breathing Rhythm to Enhance the Vividness of Mental Imagery." Imagination, Cognition and Personality 8, no. 2 (1988): 175–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/knl9-my9j-qmnf-4pf2.

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The study assessed Jencks' claim that responses to certain suggestions are enhanced by being paced with different phases of the breathing cycle. Following hypnotic induction, twenty-four subjects were given four treatments in counterbalanced order: 1) exhalation-enhanced suggestions paced to exhalation, 2) inhalation-enhanced suggestions paced to inhalation, 3) inhalation-enhanced suggestions counterpaced to exhalation, and 4) exhalation-enhanced suggestions counterpaced to inhalation. Subjects' reports of imagery vividness provided marginal support ( p < .06) for Jencks' hypothesis. Post-e

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14

Ye, Yongjun, Wenhao Wu, Chunhua Huang, and Kimberlee J. Kearfott. "Experimental study of the effect of seepage on radon exhalation in circular tubular porous emanation media." Indoor and Built Environment 29, no. 5 (2019): 701–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1420326x19861781.

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Radium, which is naturally present in many rocks, decays to the radioactive gas radon, which is then exhaled from the surface of underground tunnels and other underground buildings and is a major source of human exposure to radioactivity. A mathematical model for the migration of radon from a circular tubular emanation medium was established based on the seepage–diffusion migration theory for radon in porous emanation media, such as artificial retaining walls and the surrounding rocks in these locations. An analytical solution for the distribution of radon concentrations and the calculation fo

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15

Yamasaki, Kimiyo. "Mechanical ventilators circuit types." Journal of Mechanical Ventilation 4, no. 4 (2023): 165–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.53097/jmv.10092.

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Clinicians might have opportunities to recognize different types of mechanical ventilators circuits and compare them in critical care situations. As a clinician it is important to know the features of those configurations and take them into consideration when choosing modes and settings for patients because it affects the outcome of monitoring and ventilators’ performance. There are three types of ventilators circuits: double limb, single limb with exhalation valve, and single limb with exhalation port. Keywords: Ventilator circuits, exhalation valve, exhalation port

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16

Xie, Yan Shi, Kai Xuan Tan, Liang Chen, Kai Guang Hu, Zheng Qing Wang, and Xiu Cai Wang. "Fractal Analysis of Spatial Distribution of Radon Exhalation Rates of Uranium Mill Tailings." Advanced Materials Research 524-527 (May 2012): 584–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.524-527.584.

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A uranium mill tailings, located in Guangdong, was selected for spatial distribution of the radon exhalation rates measured by local static method. The two-dimension surface of radon exhalation rates was established by Surfer using the data of spatial distribution of radon exhalation rates measured at August 14, 2007 to 19 and 21, which was analyzed by fractal method of projective covering. The results show that the two-dimension surface of radon exhalation rates is of fractal structure. The fractal dimension of surface of radon exhalation rates from August 14, 2007 to 19 and 21 are 2.0535, 2.

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17

LI, YONGMEI, WANYU TAN, KAIXUAN TAN, ZEHUA LIU, and YANSHI XIE. "FRACTAL AND CHAOS ANALYSIS FOR DYNAMICS OF RADON EXHALATION FROM URANIUM MILL TAILINGS." Fractals 24, no. 03 (2016): 1650029. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218348x16500298.

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Tailings from mining and milling of uranium ores potentially are large volumes of low-level radioactive materials. A typical environmental problem associated with uranium tailings is radon exhalation, which can significantly pose risks to environment and human health. In order to reduce these risks, it is essential to study the dynamical nature and underlying mechanism of radon exhalation from uranium mill tailings. This motivates the conduction of this study, which is based on the fractal and chaotic methods (e.g. calculating the Hurst exponent, Lyapunov exponent and correlation dimension) an

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18

Dickey, Burton F. "Exoskeletons and Exhalation." New England Journal of Medicine 357, no. 20 (2007): 2082–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/nejme0706634.

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19

Kyrychenko, Yu V. "Age peculiarities of spirometric indices within the juvenile period of ontogenesis." Biomedical and Biosocial Anthropology, no. 33 (December 27, 2018): 53–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.31393/bba33-2018-9.

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In the modern world, there are many causes (reducing the elasticity of the lungs, reducing bronchial tubes, reducing the strength of the respiratory muscles) that affect the parameters of external respiration. Knowledge of age, sexual and regional features of spirometric indicators helps to differentiate and detect the degree of disturbance of respiratory biomechanics and to choose effective treatments that are most appropriate for established violations. The purpose of the work is to establish the age-old peculiarities of the spirographic indexes of virtually healthy young men and women withi

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20

Gunas, Igor, Marina Melnik, Olexandr Majewskyi, and Yuriy Shevchuk. "Features of sonographic parameters of liver in practically healthy men of different somatotypes, in the Podilski region of Ukraine." Current Issues in Pharmacy and Medical Sciences 30, no. 2 (2017): 86–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cipms-2017-0017.

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Abstract The analysis of liver sonographic parameters of healthy men of the Podilski region of Ukraine who are of different somatotypes has revealed significant differences only in the thickness of the right lobe of the liver on inhalation, as well as in the width of the caudate lobe of the liver and the densitometry of the left lobe of the liver parenchyma on exhalation and during inhalation. No significant differences or trends between healthy men of different somatotypes were seen in the rest of the sonographic parameters of liver (oblique vertical size of the right lobe of the liver on exh

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21

Lee, Hyewon, Jungsub Lee, Sungwon Yoon, and Cheolmin Lee. "222Rn Exhalation Rates from Some Granite and Marble Used in Korea: Preliminary Study." Atmosphere 12, no. 8 (2021): 1057. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos12081057.

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The objective of this study was to establish a test method for assessing radon exhalation rates from building materials considering radon related environmental policy and research in Korea. This method was established in consideration of cost-effectiveness based on the International Standards Organization (ISO) method and the closed chamber method, which is an evaluation method for the emission of hazardous chemical substances from building materials in Korea. The assessment of radon exhalation rates from five types each of granite and marble used in the construction industry in Korea gave mea

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22

Kaliprasad, CS, PR Vinutha, and Y. Narayana. "Natural Radionuclides and Radon Exhalation Rate in the Soils of Cauvery River Basin." Air, Soil and Water Research 10 (January 1, 2017): 117862211774694. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1178622117746948.

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In this study, systematic measurement of activity concentrations of 40K, 226Ra, and 232Th and radon exhalation rate has been done in soil samples of Cauvery River environment. The activity was measured using HPGe gamma-ray spectrometer, and the mean values of 40K, 226Ra, and 232Th in the soil samples were found to be 182 ± 4, 34 ± 2, and 19 ± 1 Bq kg−1, respectively. The radon exhalation rate was measured by “Can technique” using SSNTD (LR-115) films. The mean values of radium concentration, surface exhalation, and mass exhalation rate were found to be 118.95, 293.61, and 108.53 mBq kg−1 h−1,

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23

Zhang, Tiejun, Xiangyang Li, Changshou Hong, Xiaolu Liu, Hong Wang, and Yong Liu. "STUDY ON THE INFLUENCE OF DRY DENSITY AND PARTICLE SIZE FRACTAL DISTRIBUTION ON THE RADON CONTROL PERFORMANCE OF OVERLYING SOIL IN URANIUM TAILINGS POND." Radiation Protection Dosimetry 197, no. 3-4 (2021): 183–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rpd/ncab177.

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Abstract In order to explore the influence of dry density and particle size fractal distribution on the radon control performance of overlying soil in uranium tailings pond, overlying soil samples with different particle size fractal dimension and dry density were prepared for radon exhalation experiments. According to the principle of radon generation and diffusion, a set of radon measuring device was designed independently. In addition, the radon concentration on the surface of different overlying soil layers was measured by local static method, and the radon exhalation rate was further calc

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24

Modibo, Oumar Bobbo, Yuki Tamakuma, Takahito Suzuki, et al. "Long-Term Measurements of Radon and Thoron Exhalation Rates from the Ground Using the Vertical Distributions of Their Activity Concentrations." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 4 (2021): 1489. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18041489.

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A long-term measurement technique of radon exhalation rate was previously developed using a passive type radon and thoron discriminative monitor and a ventilated type accumulation chamber. In the present study, this technique was applied to evaluate the thoron exhalation rate as well, and long-term measurements of radon and thoron exhalation rates were conducted for four years in Gifu Prefecture. The ventilated type accumulation chamber (0.8 × 0.8 × 1.0 m3) with an open bottom was embedded 15 cm into the ground. The vertical distributions of radon and thoron activity concentrations from the gr

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25

Condorelli, Peter, Hye-Won Shin, Anna S. Aledia, Philip E. Silkoff, and Steven C. George. "A simple technique to characterize proximal and peripheral nitric oxide exchange using constant flow exhalations and an axial diffusion model." Journal of Applied Physiology 102, no. 1 (2007): 417–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00533.2006.

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The most common technique employed to describe pulmonary gas exchange of nitric oxide (NO) combines multiple constant flow exhalations with a two-compartment model (2CM) that neglects 1) the trumpet shape (increasing surface area per unit volume) of the airway tree and 2) gas phase axial diffusion of NO. However, recent evidence suggests that these features of the lungs are important determinants of NO exchange. The goal of this study is to present an algorithm that characterizes NO exchange using multiple constant flow exhalations and a model that considers the trumpet shape of the airway tre

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Sato, K., T. Sakamaki, H. Sumino, et al. "Rate of nitric oxide release in the lung and factors influencing the concentration of exhaled nitric oxide." American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology 270, no. 6 (1996): L914—L920. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajplung.1996.270.6.l914.

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The level of nitric oxide (NO) in exhaled air fluctuates in normal individuals depending on the physiological conditions. We evaluated the effects of duration of exhalation and breath-holding on the exhaled concentrations of NO in 16 normal human volunteers. Exhaled gas corresponding to vital capacity was collected in 6-liter Tedlar bags and analyzed by chemiluminescence. The NO concentration in exhaled gas increased significantly in proportion to the duration of exhalation [P = 0.009 +/- 0.011 (SD)] and was increased after breath-holding. There was no significant difference in the exhaled NO

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Raptis, C., A. Savidou, and P. Kritidis. "A Study of Cover Materials Which Influence Rn222 Exhalation Indoors." HNPS Proceedings 7 (December 5, 2019): 177. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/hnps.2416.

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The wall covers can decrease or increase the radon exhalation; this depends on whether the material acts mostly as a sealer against radon exhalation or as a source of radon. This work is a study of different kind of wall covers which influence radon exhalation from surfaces of building materials. The experimental data are in good agreement with the evaluations according to the theory of radon diffusion through porous materials.

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Ralte, Laldingngheta. "Analysis of Radon Mass Exhalation in Soil Samples from Fault Regions of Kolasib District Mizoram, India." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 1 (2022): 77–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.39788.

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Abstract: In order to identify the distribution of radon mass exhalation soil samples from fault regions of Kolasib District were obtained. These were measured and analysed using scintillation based smart RnDuo device. The soil samples were collected from three different points in each selected fault. The exhalation rates from different locations ranges from 2.3 mBq/kg/hr – 54.19 mBq/kg/hr with an average of 20.42 mBq/kg/hr. Gamma survey measurement was also carried out which ranges between 89 nSv/hr – 157 nSv/hr with an average of 117.13 nSv/hr. The correlation graph between mass exhalation a

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29

Ouzounis, Athanasios, and Ioannis Kaissas. "A Review of Methodologies for Measuring Geogenic Rn Exhalation." HNPS Advances in Nuclear Physics 31 (June 2, 2025): 90–95. https://doi.org/10.12681/hnpsanp.8157.

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Radon (222Rn) and thoron (220Rn) are potential health hazards and therefore their concentration levels have been extensively monitored indoors across Europe resulting in indoor radon concentration maps [1]. Direct in situ measurements of geogenic radon and thoron exhalation are limited to a few locations worldwide while indoor measurements are more common. Potentially hazardous zones for long-term inhabitancy can be characterized, considering spatial geogenic radon exhalation data acquired before any construction activities. Furthermore, atmospheric simulations, earthquake prediction and ident

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Wang, Hong, Wenhua Wang, Runcheng He, et al. "Experimental Study on Unsteady Radon Exhalation from the Overburden Layer of the Uranium Mill Tailings Pond under Rainfall." Science and Technology of Nuclear Installations 2022 (September 19, 2022): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/9366056.

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In order to find out radon reduction performance of the overburden layer on uranium mill tailings (UMTs) pond beach surface after rainfall, the rainfall simulation experiment of the overburden layer was carried out with the self-developed equipment. Based on the radon migration model of the overburden layer on the UMTs pond beach surface, the change rule of radon exhalation in four types of compactness of the overburden layer within 120 hours after rainfall was studied, and the corresponding moisture content was also analyzed. The results show that the radon concentration in the overburden lay

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Jasaitis, Dainius, and Aloyzas Girgždys. "NATURAL RADIONUCLIDE DISTRIBUTION AND RADON EXHALATION RATE FROM THE SOIL IN VILNIUS CITY." JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING AND LANDSCAPE MANAGEMENT 15, no. 1 (2007): 31–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/16486897.2007.9636905.

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In the territory of Vilnius city radioisotopic composition of different soils was experimentally determined and radon exhalation rate from the soil was evaluated using these data. Specific activitys of natural radionuclides 226Ra, 232Th and 40K were measured. From identified natural radionuclides the biggest quantities were for 40K (263 Bq/kg), the smallest values ‐ for 232Th (5 Bq/kg), average 226Ra values reached 13 Bq/kg. Radon exhalation rate from the soil in Vilnius city was calculated and evaluated. Distribution of radon exhalation rate values in the whole territory of the city is stated

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Chitra, N., S. Bala Sundar, V. Subramanian, M. T. Jose, R. Baskaran, and B. Venkatraman. "QUANTIFICATION OF BACK DIFFUSION IN RADON AND THORON EXHALATION RATE MEASUREMENTS." Radiation Protection Dosimetry 189, no. 2 (2020): 182–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rpd/ncaa029.

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Abstract The radon (222Rn) and thoron (220Rn) fluxes from the soil and building materials are the major contributors to their indoor levels. Hence, the measurement of radon and thoron exhalation rates from the source matrix becomes the foremost step in controlling the indoor radon and thoron exposure. It is a challenge to measure the exhalation rates without disturbing the natural conditions. The back-diffusion phenomenon modifies the exhalation rate. The work presented here is to measure the back-diffusion coefficient and takes it into consideration while estimating the exhalation rate. For r

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33

Laborde, Sylvain, Maša Iskra, Nina Zammit, et al. "Slow-Paced Breathing: Influence of Inhalation/Exhalation Ratio and of Respiratory Pauses on Cardiac Vagal Activity." Sustainability 13, no. 14 (2021): 7775. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13147775.

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Slow-paced breathing has been shown to enhance the self-regulation abilities of athletes via its influence on cardiac vagal activity. However, the role of certain respiratory parameters (i.e., inhalation/exhalation ratio and presence of a respiratory pause between respiratory phases) still needs to be clarified. The aim of this experiment was to investigate the influence of these respiratory parameters on the effects of slow-paced breathing on cardiac vagal activity. A total of 64 athletes (27 female; Mage = 22, age range = 18–30 years old) participated in a within-subject experimental design.

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Xie, Ling-feng, Shu-liang Zou, Xiang-yang Li, et al. "Effect of Ultrasonic Treatment on Radon Exhalation from Porous Media: An Experimental Case Study." Sustainability 10, no. 9 (2018): 3005. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10093005.

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Radon is internationally recognized as one of the seven seismic precursors. A self-assembly ultrasonic generator and experimental apparatus for radon measurement were utilized to explore the radon exhalation regularities of water-bearing porous media under different ultrasonic intensities. The experimental results showed that there was a coupling relationship among radon exhalation rate, moisture content, and ultrasonic frequency. With the increase of the frequency of the ultrasonic wave, its effect on the promotion of radon exhalation rate was found to be a more obviously positive linear corr

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Crowley, Caroline, Brian Murphy, Conan McCaul, Ronan Cahill, and Kevin Patrick Nolan. "Airborne particle dispersion by high flow nasal oxygen: An experimental and CFD analysis." PLOS ONE 17, no. 1 (2022): e0262547. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0262547.

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High Flow Nasal Oxygen (HFNO) therapy offers a proven means of delivering respiratory support to critically ill patients suffering from viral illness such as COVID-19. However, the therapy has the potential to modify aerosol generation and dispersion patterns during exhalation and thereby put healthcare workers at increased risk of disease transmission. Fundamentally, a gap exists in the literature with regards to the effect of the therapy on the fluid dynamics of the exhalation jet which is essential in understanding the dispersion of aerosols and hence quantifying the disease transmission ri

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Karey, Emma, Taylor Reed, Maria Katsigeorgis, et al. "Exhalation of alternative tobacco product aerosols differs from cigarette smoke—and may lead to alternative health risks." Tobacco Use Insights 15 (January 2022): 1179173X2210782. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1179173x221078200.

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Background Variation in alternative tobacco product (ATP) constituents, heating potential, and consumer behaviors have made it difficult to characterize their health risks. To date, most toxicity studies of ATPs have used established cigarette endpoints to inform study design. Furthermore, to assess where ATPs fall on the tobacco harm continuum, with cigarettes representing maximum potential risk, studies have tended to compare the relative biological responses to ATPs against those due to cigarettes. Objectives 1) To characterize the exhalation profiles of two popular ATPs: electronic cigaret

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Knight, K. "Dolphins are exhalation champs." Journal of Experimental Biology 218, no. 13 (2015): 1975. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.126938.

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Oberstedt, S., and H. Vanmarcke. "A Radon Exhalation Monitor." Radiation Protection Dosimetry 63, no. 1 (1996): 69–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.rpd.a031514.

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Wellner, U. "131I-Exhalation – ein Strahlenschutzproblem." Zeitschrift für Medizinische Physik 8, no. 4 (1998): 186–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0939-3889(15)70192-3.

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Simons, R. S., W. O. Bennett, and E. L. Brainerd. "Mechanics of lung ventilation in a post-metamorphic salamander, Ambystoma Tigrinum." Journal of Experimental Biology 203, no. 6 (2000): 1081–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.203.6.1081.

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The mechanics of lung ventilation in frogs and aquatic salamanders has been well characterized, whereas lung ventilation in terrestrial-phase (post-metamorphic) salamanders has received little attention. We used electromyography (EMG), X-ray videography, standard videography and buccal and body cavity pressure measurements to characterize the ventilation mechanics of adult (post-metamorphic) tiger salamanders (Ambystoma tigrinum). Three results emerged: (i) under terrestrial conditions or when floating at the surface of the water, adult A. tigrinum breathed through their nares using a two-stro

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Alene Assefa, Nigus. "Analysis of 226Ra content and 222Rn exhalation rates in soil samples from Wukro, Tigray, using SSNTDs." F1000Research 14 (March 13, 2025): 289. https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.160449.1.

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Background Radon gas, a decay product of radium, is a significant environmental health risk due to its radioactive properties. Understanding the radium content and radon exhalation rates in soil is crucial for evaluating potential radiological hazards and ensuring environmental safety. Methods Soil samples were collected from twelve different locations in Wukro, Tigray, representing various soil types. The sealed can technique, using LR-115 Type-II plastic track detectors, was employed to measure radium concentrations and radon exhalation rates over a four-month exposure period. Radon mass exh

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Mousavi Aghdam, Mirsina, Quentin Crowley, Carlos Rocha, et al. "A Study of Natural Radioactivity Levels and Radon/Thoron Release Potential of Bedrock and Soil in Southeastern Ireland." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 5 (2021): 2709. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18052709.

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Radon (222Rn) and thoron (220Rn) account for almost two-thirds of the annual average radiation dose received by the Irish population. A detailed study of natural radioactivity levels and radon and thoron exhalation rates was carried out in a legislatively designated “high radon” area, as based on existing indoor radon measurements. Indoor radon concentrations, airborne radiometric data and stream sediment geochemistry were collated, and a set of soil samples were taken from the study area. The exhalation rates of radon (E222Rn) and thoron (E220Rn) for collected samples were determined in the l

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Ivanov, Martin. "Exhaled air speed measurements of respiratory air flow, generated by ten different human subjects, under uncontrolled conditions." E3S Web of Conferences 111 (2019): 02074. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201911102074.

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The presented study reveals a multi-point experimental measurement of the airflow speed, generated in the exhalation phase from the human respiratory cycle, based on data from 10 real human subjects. The results obtained demonstrate the exceptional irregularity and the transient character of the human respiratory cycle, in terms of measured speed at different points of man-generated exhalation air flow. The presented exponential trend lines show as expected, that there is a reduction in the exhalation speed, with the increase of the distance from the nose. The summary analysis shows that at 10

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Keller, G., and M. Schütz. "Radon Exhalation from the Soil." Radiation Protection Dosimetry 24, no. 1-4 (1988): 43–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.rpd.a080238.

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Abstract The exhalation of radon from the soil is the main source for high radon concentration in dwellings. A study of the mechanism of exhalation, its dependence on various parameters and the entry points for radon in houses are presented. Electrostatic deposition of the radon daughter products on a surface barrier detector and subsequent analysis of the measured alpha spectra allows one to determine the exhalation rates of 222Rn and 220Rn directly from the soil. For a sampling time of two hours, the lower limit of detection of our equipment was found to be 0.3 x 10-3 Bq.m-2.s-1 for 222Rn. I

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Tabar, Emre, Hakan Yakut, and Adem Kuş. "Measurement of the radon exhalation rate and effective radium concentration in soil samples of southern Sakarya, Turkey." Indoor and Built Environment 27, no. 2 (2016): 278–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1420326x16672510.

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In the present study, radon exhalation rates in terms of mass and area, as well as the effective radium concentration in soil samples collected simultaneously from different districts of southern Sakarya have been measured by Sealed Can technique using LR-115 type-II detectors. Mass and areal radon exhalation rates in soil samples vary from 35.76 ± 1.5 to 253.15 ± 3.8 mBqkg−1h−1 with an average value of 112.53 ± 2.7 mBqkg−1h−1 and 0.73 ± 0.2 to 5.18 ± 0.6 Bqm−2h−1 with an average value of 2.30 ± 0.6 Bqm−2h−1, respectively. The effective radium content was found to vary in the range 3.77 ± 0.5

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Poojitha, C. G., B. K. Sahoo, K. E. Ganesh, T. S. Pranesha, and B. K. Sapra. "ASSESSMENT OF RADON AND THORON EXHALATION FROM SOILS AND DISSOLVED RADON IN GROUND WATER IN THE VICINITY OF ELEVATED GRANITIC HILL, CHIKKABALLAPUR DISTRICT, KARNATAKA, INDIA." Radiation Protection Dosimetry 190, no. 2 (2020): 185–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rpd/ncaa099.

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Abstract In this paper, we intend to evaluate the rate of radon and thoron exhalation from soil with reference to the underlying bedrock and gamma dose rate in the environment of elevated granitic hill—Nandi hills of Karnataka. The measurement of exhalation rates for all the soil samples collected from study area was carried out using a continuous radon–thoron monitor (Smart RnDuo monitor). The surface exhalation rate of thoron from soil samples were found to vary from 4160 ± 326 to 21 822 ± 634 mBq m−2 s−1. The mass exhalation rate of radon from soil samples were found to vary from 76 ± 6 to

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Ambrosino, Fabrizio, Giuseppe La Verde, Gaetano Gagliardo, et al. "Radon Exhalation Rate: A Metrological Approach for Radiation Protection." Sensors 24, no. 11 (2024): 3633. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s24113633.

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Radon, a radioactive inert gas that comes from the decay of naturally occurring radioactive species, poses a substantial health risk due to its involvement in lung cancer carcinogenesis. This work proposes a metrological approach for determining radon exhalation rates from diverse building materials. This methodology employs an electrostatic collection chamber for alpha spectrometry of radon isotopic decay products. Experimental evaluations were conducted particularly focusing on volcanic gray tuff from Sant’Agata de’ Goti (Campania region, Italy), a material commonly utilized in construction,

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Yuda, Emi, and Yutaka Yoshida. "Synchronization of Inhalation/Exhalation Ratio and Heart Rate Variability During Spontaneous Breathing." Electronics 14, no. 9 (2025): 1903. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics14091903.

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In this study, we investigate the relationship between breathing patterns and cardiac autonomic nervous activity during spontaneous breathing. Electrocardiograms and respiratory signals were simultaneously monitored in six subjects for 5 min while in a seated position. The inhalation/exhalation ratio (i/e) was calculated, and its variance was compared with the heart rate variability index. The results showed that inhalation time tended to be longer than exhalation time, with the inhalation-to-exhalation ratio ranging from 1.074 to 1.423. Additionally, one subject exhibited an unusually slow re

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Rasheed, Rutba, Sumit Asthana, and Arif Rizvi. "Effect of Different Breathing Patterns on Heart Rate and Blood Pressure Response to Resisted Exercises in Females Within the Age Group of 25 to 35 Years." International Journal of Medical and Biomedical Studies 8, no. 4 (2024): 40–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.32553/ijmbs.v8i4.2837.

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Introduction: Blood pressure and heart rate increases in individuals while performing heavy resisted exercises but acquiring different breathing patterns during exercise shows its effect on blood pressure and heart rate, it may or may not exaggerate. Inhalation or exhalation when coupled with concentric phase of resisted exercise may or may not show similar blood pressure response as compare to inhalation or exhalation when coupled with eccentric phase of resisted exercise whereas Valsalva maneuver can exaggerate the blood pressure response. Objective: To study the inhalation, exhalation and V

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Müller-Wirtz, Lukas M., Daniel Kiefer, Joschua Knauf, et al. "Differential Response of Pentanal and Hexanal Exhalation to Supplemental Oxygen and Mechanical Ventilation in Rats." Molecules 26, no. 9 (2021): 2752. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26092752.

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High inspired oxygen during mechanical ventilation may influence the exhalation of the previously proposed breath biomarkers pentanal and hexanal, and additionally induce systemic inflammation. We therefore investigated the effect of various concentrations of inspired oxygen on pentanal and hexanal exhalation and serum interleukin concentrations in 30 Sprague Dawley rats mechanically ventilated with 30, 60, or 93% inspired oxygen for 12 h. Pentanal exhalation did not differ as a function of inspired oxygen but increased by an average of 0.4 (95%CI: 0.3; 0.5) ppb per hour, with concentrations d

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