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1

Schoen, Eva G., and Donald R. Nicholas. "Existential Meaning Through Illness." Journal of Psychosocial Oncology 22, no. 4 (2005): 61–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j077v22n04_04.

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Ewalds-Kvist, Béatrice, and Kim Lützén. "Miss B Pursues Death and Miss P Life in the Light of V. E. Frankl's Existential Analysis/Logotherapy." OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying 71, no. 2 (2015): 169–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0030222815570599.

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Ms B's in United Kingdom and Ms P's in Finland choices in life when dealing with acute ventilator-assisted tetraplegia were analyzed by means of Viktor E. Frankl's existential analysis/logotherapy. The freedom of will to existential meaning and to worth in one's suffering realizes in the attitudinal change the person chooses or is forced to adopt when subject to severe circumstances. Life becomes existentially meaningful relative to inescapable suffering by the completion of three values: creative, experiential, and attitudinal values. If the search for meaning on these paths is frustrated or
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Vos, Joël. "Meaning and existential givens in the lives of cancer patients: A philosophical perspective on psycho-oncology." Palliative and Supportive Care 13, no. 4 (2014): 885–900. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1478951514000790.

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AbstractObjective:Many cancer patients report changes in how they experience meaning in life and being confronted with life's limitations, understanding themselves as being vulnerable, finite, and free beings. Many would like to receive psychotherapeutic help for this. However, psychotherapy for these concerns often either focuses primarily on meaning in life (e.g., meaning-centered/logotherapy) or on existential givens (e.g., supportive–expressive therapy). The relationship between meaning in life and existential givens seems relatively unexplored, and it seems unclear how therapists can inte
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Kirillova, Ksenia, Xinran Lehto, and Liping Cai. "Tourism and Existential Transformation: An Empirical Investigation." Journal of Travel Research 56, no. 5 (2016): 638–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0047287516650277.

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Couched in the context of the experience economy 3.0, this research conceptualized transformations as changes in existential authenticity and anxiety, and phenomenologically explored the essence of a transformative tourist experience and subsequent long-term changes. This research uncovered nine chronologically ordered themes in which existentially oriented concerns were prevalent. It found that tourists did not reflect on existential givens in situ until a triggering episode initiated the meaning-making process. Existential anxiety felt post-trip was found to motivate tourists to resolve pert
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Milsark, Gary, and Michael Lumsden. "Existential Sentences: Their Structure and Meaning." Language 66, no. 4 (1990): 850. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/414738.

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Santoni, Ronald E. "On the Existential Meaning of War." Journal for Peace and Justice Studies 9, no. 1 (1997): 37–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/peacejustice19979113.

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7

Tishchenko, Pavel. "EXISTENTIAL MEANING OF HUMAN DESIGN PROJECTS." Chelovek.RU, no. 15 (2020): 229–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.32691/2410-0935-2020-15-229-243.

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The idea of human design rests in the heart of European humanist project. The existential meaning of the idea of human design is analyzed. A piece of the work by J. Pico della Mirandola is interpreted as a prophecy expressing the fate of the New European era (by M. Heidegger). Several aspects could be distin-guished in this prophecy: the throwing of man into the world without his place, form and purpose, the right and demand to define both place and form and raison d 'être by reason. Historically, special exper-iments of solving the fundamental mystery are considered - what it means to be huma
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8

Bowman, Katherine. "Commentary on the Existential Meaning Scale." Journal of Holistic Nursing 23, no. 1 (2005): 66–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0898010104272734.

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9

Jenset, Gard B. "Mapping meaning with distributional methods." Journal of Historical Linguistics 3, no. 2 (2013): 272–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/jhl.3.2.04jen.

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The semantics of existential there is discussed in a diachronic, corpus-based perspective. While previous studies of there have been qualitative or relied on interpreting relative frequencies directly, the present study combines multivariate statistical techniques with linguistic theory through distributional semantics. It is argued that existential uses of there in earlier stages of English were not semantically empty, and that the original meaning was primarily deictic rather than locative. This analysis combines key insights from previous studies of existential there with a Construction Gra
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10

Wang, Yong. "Impersonal clauses in Chinese." Functions of Language 23, no. 3 (2016): 361–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/fol.23.3.04wan.

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This article deals with impersonal clauses in Chinese (ICiCs) (e.g. Táishàng chàngzhe xì, 台上唱着戏). These are called pseudo-existentials in the literature, as they resemble typical existentials both in form and in meaning. I argue that ICiCs are impersonal, ergatively oriented, and existential. They are impersonal in that the actor of the process is typically demoted to the end position or completely omitted; ergatively oriented in that they express the meaning of happening instead of doing, and existential in that they present the existence of events with reference to some location realized by
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11

Chuang, Aichia, Ryan Shuwei Hsu, and An-Chih Wang. "Existential Meaning Crises and Work Tailoring among Entrepreneurs for Meaning." Academy of Management Proceedings 2016, no. 1 (2016): 13606. http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/ambpp.2016.121.

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12

Sedikides, Constantine, and Tim Wildschut. "Finding Meaning in Nostalgia." Review of General Psychology 22, no. 1 (2018): 48–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/gpr0000109.

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Nostalgia—defined as sentimental longing for one's past—is a self-relevant, albeit deeply social, and an ambivalent, albeit more positive than negative, emotion. As nostalgia brings the past into present focus, it has existential implications. Nostalgia helps people find meaning in their lives, and it does so primarily by increasing social connectedness (a sense of belongingness and acceptance), and secondarily by augmenting self-continuity (a sense of connection between one's past and one's present). Also, nostalgia-elicited meaning facilitates the pursuit of one's important goals. Moreover,
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13

Dezelic, Marie. "Meaning Constructs and Meaning-Oriented Techniques: Clinical Applications of Meaning and Existential Exploration." Journal of Constructivist Psychology 30, no. 1 (2016): 32–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10720537.2015.1119086.

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14

Edmonds, Sarah, and Karen Hooker. "Perceived Changes in Life Meaning following Bereavement." OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying 25, no. 4 (1992): 307–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/te7q-5g45-bety-x1tt.

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Much research has documented the negative sequelae associated with death of a loved one. The goal of the present study was to investigate the possibility, alluded to by existential and humanistic theorists, that positive aspects of bereavement exist. College students who recently experienced the death of a close family member completed measures of grief-related distress, existential meaning, and answered open-ended questions regarding perceived changes in belief in God and life goals occurring as a result of their experience. A significant inverse relationship was found between grief and exist
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15

Bering, Jesse M. "Towards a cognitive theory of existential meaning." New Ideas in Psychology 21, no. 2 (2003): 101–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0732-118x(03)00014-x.

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16

Paducheva, Elena V. "Locative and existential meaning of Russian быть". Russian Linguistics 32, № 3 (2008): 147–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11185-008-9027-2.

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17

Darenskiy, V. Yu. "MOTIF OF SPIRITUAL “INITIATION” IN BORIS RYZHY’S POETRY." Bulletin of Udmurt University. Series History and Philology 30, no. 2 (2020): 320–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.35634/2412-9534-2020-30-2-320-329.

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The article is devoted to the analysis of existential meanings of Boris Ryzhy’s poetry. It is shown that his texts are saturated with the symbolism of radical personal transformation, which is traditionally denoted by the term “initiation” or the metaphor of “second birth”. They reveal an important archetypal meaning of the experience of symbolic death for the spiritual resurrection of man into a new life. “Death” as an artistic symbol represents the primary existential state of the meaningless and finite world; accordingly, the poetic text reflects the existential effort of struggle with deat
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18

Nikitina, E. S. "On the Concept of Zero Meaning of Text." Cultural-Historical Psychology 11, no. 2 (2015): 108–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/chp.2015110211.

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In the semiotic tradition text is considered a sign with its own content. This content is shaped by three meanings within three spaces of sign: semantic, syntactic and pragmatic. It is crucial that text is heterogeneous from the point of view of meaning organization. Three spaces or three spheres of experience integrated within text - existential, rational and communicative - focus upon themselves the narrative, typological and paralogical meanings of text. These meanings constitute the true 'pattern' of text. The world of text is the one created, arranged and thought over in great details. Th
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19

Moss, Donald P. "Cognitive Therapy, Phenomenology, and the Struggle for Meaning." Journal of Phenomenological Psychology 23, no. 1 (1992): 87–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156916292x00054.

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AbstractThis article critiques the inadequate attention given to the question of meaning in mainstream clinical psychiatry and psychology. The author reviews the history of phenomenological and existential psychiatry, especially the work of Erwin Straus, and highlights the emphasis on the personal world of experience and on such existential dimensions as time and ethical experience. Aaron Beck's school of cognitive therapy appropriates many themes and concepts from phenomenology, including the central concept of meaning, and turns them into a systematic technology for personal change. The auth
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20

Kjørven Haug, Sigrid Helene, Lars J. Danbolt, Kari Kvigne, and Valerie DeMarinis. "Older people with incurable cancer: Existential meaning-making from a life-span perspective." Palliative and Supportive Care 14, no. 1 (2015): 20–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1478951515000644.

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ABSTRACTObjective:An increasing number of older people in Western countries are living with incurable cancer, receiving palliative care from specialized healthcare contexts. The aim of our article was to understand how they experience the existential meaning-making function in daily living from a life-span perspective.Method:Some 21 participants (12 men and 9 women), aged 70–88, were interviewed in a semistructured framework. They were recruited from somatic hospitals in southeastern Norway. We applied the model of selective optimization with compensation (SOC) from life-span developmental psy
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21

Elbæk, Claus Kloster. "Skyttegravenes zoner af meningsintensitet - Karl Ove Knausgårds eksistentielle læsning af første verdenskrig." Slagmark - Tidsskrift for idéhistorie, no. 70 (March 9, 2018): 111–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/sl.v0i70.104415.

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This article investigates how the Norwegian author Karl Ove Knausgård in My struggle (2009-2011) uses his existential reading of 1914 and World War I to nuance our general understanding of the war. Knausgård wants to demonstrate that the collective enthusiasm, which took millions of men by storm, was existentially motivated. The war was able to give the soldiers a sense of meaning, a project and a community; feelings they needed in their civilian lives. Furthermore, Knausgård uses his reading of World War I to make a connection between the soldier’s fight and his own struggle. On the basis of
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22

Bol'shunov, A. "Trust phenomenon and the crisis if trust in monocultural and cross-cultural communications." Scientific Research and Development. Modern Communication Studies 10, no. 1 (2021): 16–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/2587-9103-2021-16-23.

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The article attempts to integrate existential, cultural, sociological and psychological approaches to the problem of trust based on the category "meaning". The phenomenon of trust is relevant because of the following fact: people are beings who are voluntarily at each other's disposal and, accordingly, are vulnerable to each other. A trust is an attitude in which this fundamental vulnerability is exchanged for humanity. That is why humanity is attributed to persons. At the same time, trust and mistrust are an integral aspect of the processes of meaning formation and embodiment. That processes
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23

Joseph, Brian D. "What giveswithes gibt?Typological and comparative perspectives on existentials in German, Germanic, and Indo-European." American Journal of Germanic Linguistics and Literatures 12, no. 2 (2000): 187–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1040820700002687.

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To the memory of Edgar Polomé, who inspired with his keen interest in Germanic and Indo-EuropeanModern German existentials with impersonales gibtare attested only rather late in the German tradition (from late Middle High German, in the fourteenth century), have few compelling cognate constructions (if any) elsewhere in Germanic, and thus are usually taken to be an extension of other senses (e.g., ‘give, produce, yield’) of the verbgeben.It is noted here, though, that parallels with existentials based on verbs meaning ‘have, take’ cognate togebencan be found elsewhere in Indo-European, in part
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24

Kriza, Thomas. "Questioning the Presence of the Past." Secular Studies 1, no. 1 (2019): 74–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/25892525-00101005.

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Abstract This paper questions the contemporary turn towards horizons of existential meaning going back to antiquity especially in the shape of a turn to religion by pointing to crucial differences between antique conceptions of thought and their modern revivals. Pierre Hadot and Michel Foucault interpret antique thought as spiritual exercises to perfect human existence, exposing an inherent existential relevance and connection to a peculiar conception of truth. I argue that because of these ties to a truth claim deeply alien to the modern scientific world-view, antique horizons of existential
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25

Park and George. "Is Existential Meaning a Need or a Want?" Evolutionary Studies in Imaginative Culture 4, no. 1 (2020): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.26613/esic.4.1.165.

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26

Won-Kyung Lee. "The Meaning and Argument Structures of Existential Verbs." English Language and Linguistics ll, no. 25 (2008): 59–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.17960/ell.2008..25.004.

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27

Tucker, Herbert F. "Robert Browning: Ulterior Reality, Penultimate Meaning, Existential Ultimatum." Ultimate Reality and Meaning 10, no. 3 (1987): 202–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/uram.10.3.202.

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28

de Siqueira, Silvia Regina Dowgan Tesseroli. "Existential Meaning of Patients with Chronic Facial Pain." Journal of Religion and Health 57, no. 3 (2018): 1125–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10943-018-0583-5.

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29

Gordon, Susan. "Existential time and the meaning of human development." Humanistic Psychologist 40, no. 1 (2012): 79–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08873267.2012.643691.

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30

Schnell, Tatjana. "Existential Indifference: Another Quality of Meaning in Life." Journal of Humanistic Psychology 50, no. 3 (2010): 351–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022167809360259.

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31

Gantt, Edwin E. "Review of Meaning in positive and existential psychology." Journal of Theoretical and Philosophical Psychology 36, no. 1 (2016): 56–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/h0101504.

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32

Yun, SunInn, and Donggun An. "Existential Experiences of Meaning-Making in Museum Education." Korean Journal of Philosophy of Education 42, no. 2 (2020): 137–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.15754/jkpe.2020.42.2.006.

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33

McNally, Louise. "Existential Sentences Crosslinguistically: Variations in Form and Meaning." Annual Review of Linguistics 2, no. 1 (2016): 211–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-linguistics-011415-040837.

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34

Sigurðsson, Geir. "Creating meaning: a Daoist response to existential nihilism." International Communication of Chinese Culture 3, no. 3 (2016): 377–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40636-016-0061-2.

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35

Wong, Paul T. P. "Meaning Therapy: An Integrative and Positive Existential Psychotherapy." Journal of Contemporary Psychotherapy 40, no. 2 (2009): 85–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10879-009-9132-6.

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36

NIYAZBAYEVA, N. N. "АDULT EDUCATION: QUALITY OF LIFE AND EXISTENTIAL MEANING". Bulletin of Academy of Pedagogical Scienses of Kazakhstan, № 5 (2020): 77–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.51883/20704046_2020_5_77.

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37

Vanhooren, Siebrecht, Mia Leijssen, and Jessie Dezutter. "Posttraumatic Growth During Incarceration: A Case Study From an Experiential–Existential Perspective." Journal of Humanistic Psychology 58, no. 2 (2015): 144–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022167815621647.

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Life after a traumatic experience is never easy. This is certainly the case for victims. For many offenders, committing a crime might be a traumatic experience as well, and incarceration may confront them even more with the consequences of their deeds. Humanistic therapies are very suitable for encouraging clients to embark on an explicit meaning-making process. In this article, we explore with a case study how experiential–existential therapy can foster meaning making and posttraumatic growth in prisoners. With Diana, we started with identifying her global meanings, which had been threatened
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38

Bülow-Møller, Anne Marie. "Existential problems." Interpreting. International Journal of Research and Practice in Interpreting 4, no. 2 (1999): 145–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/intp.4.2.02bue.

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Clauses containing elements of irrealis seem to cause problems in simultaneous interpretation, primarily round negation and epistemic modality. An experiment was conducted to test a) if this area produced more mistakes than straightforward statements of fact, b) if increased top-down processing made any difference, and c) if so, if this applied more particularly to professional interpreters or to less experienced students. From eight protocols obtained it appeared that the four professionals made all their mistakes under the scope of irrealis; better knowledge of the text was made available th
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Temple, Matthew, and Terry Lynn Gall. "Working Through Existential Anxiety Toward Authenticity: A Spiritual Journey of Meaning Making." Journal of Humanistic Psychology 58, no. 2 (2016): 168–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022167816629968.

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All human beings experience life’s givens or the ultimate concerns of death, isolation, freedom, and meaninglessness. Whether there is awareness or not, these givens influence how individuals interact and relate to self, others, and the world. Failure to understand these existential concerns can lead an individual to behave inauthentically in relation to her core values. This article will illuminate the role of existential psychotherapy in revealing the effect of life’s givens on an individual’s lived experience. First, this article will ground existential therapy within its philosophical root
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40

Filippchenkova, S. I., E. A. Evstifeeva, and L. A. Murashova. "Hermeneutics of concepts of the existential-psychological healing model." SHS Web of Conferences 69 (2019): 00041. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20196900041.

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The article describes an interdisciplinary research project on the management of health-related quality of life of cancer patients. The project involves theoretical and applied studies of health-related quality of life of breast cancer patients, their existential and psychological characteristics. A comparative analysis of the diagnosis of quality of life in medical (objective) and psychological (subjective) assessments was carried out. The key concepts of the existential-psychological model of healing - pain, the existential meaning of pain, illness, fear – were revealed. The possibility and
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41

Abakumova, I. V., M. V. Godunov, and D. A. Gurtskoy. "MEANING CHOICE AS A PSYCHOLOGICAL PROBLEM." Bulletin of Udmurt University. Series Philosophy. Psychology. Pedagogy 29, no. 4 (2019): 413–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.35634/2412-9550-2019-29-4-413-420.

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The problem of meaning choice as a psychological phenomenon radically different from the classical logical choice is investigated. Differences of mechanisms of formation of personal meaning and operational meaning are analyzed. It is shown that the process of meaning choice is based on a system of different personal meanings and includes such components as decentralization of meanings, generalization of meanings and the initiation of meanings. Decentralization of meaning is considered as its origin on the periphery of the semantic system. Generalization of meaning means its allocation and tran
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42

Ali, Gulnar, and Nasreen Lalani. "Approaching Spiritual and Existential Care Needs in Health Education: Applying SOPHIE (Self-Exploration through Ontological, Phenomenological, and Humanistic, Ideological, and Existential Expressions), as Practice Methodology." Religions 11, no. 9 (2020): 451. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel11090451.

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Addressing existential and spiritual care needs, often remains a challenge in health education. Spirituality is a subjective human experience that shapes how individuals make meaning, construct knowledge, develop their own sense of reality, and bring personal and social transformation. To inspire health and social students at a London based University; learners were engaged into philosophical reasonings associated with the meaning to care. SOPHIE (Self-exploration through Ontological, Phenomenological and Humanistic, Ideological, and Existential expressions)—a reflective practice tool was appl
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43

Trujillo, Joaquin. "An Existential-Phenomenology of Crack Cocaine Abuse." Janus Head 7, no. 1 (2004): 167–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/jh20047146.

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This paper explores the human significance of crack cocaine abuse by submitting its manifestation (logos) to existential-phenomenological analysis. The author conducted over fifty, first-hand interviews of recovering and active crack cocaine abusers toward disclosing the meaning of his to-be.What is revealed is the way the addiction reacts upon the with-structure of existence. Active crack cocaine addiction is being-high-and-free-of-craving. The singularity of this event eclipses the interhuman significance that substantially constitutes concern, as the meaning and Being of There-being, and ra
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44

Bengtsson, Mattias, and Marita Flisbäck. "Illuminating Existential Meaning: A New Approach in the Study of Retirement." Qualitative Sociology Review 17, no. 1 (2021): 196–214. http://dx.doi.org/10.18778/1733-8077.17.1.12.

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Current discussions on the importance of retirement are largely built on statistical analyses of longitudinal data showing that well-being seldom changes from before to after entering retirement, but is rather mainly dependent on the individual’s social resource position. In contrast, qualitatively oriented researchers underline that the retirement process is a complex life transition that needs to be further illuminated. To do this, however, we need to advance new theoretical and methodological perspectives. In this article, an existential sociology approach is outlined, emphasizing the multi
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45

Nawaz, Muhammad, and Muhammad Mehboob Ul Hassan. "Existential Strain in Nadeem Aslam’s Maps for Lost Lovers." International Journal of Comparative Literature and Translation Studies 6, no. 4 (2018): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.7575/aiac.ijclts.v.6n.4p.22.

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Pursuit of essence is the topic and it is a comparative study of the existential elements in Nadeem Aslam’s Maps for Lost Lovers. To look out the meanings of the nature is something about the pursuit of essence. Meaning from nature means to know about the nature and to know about the facts and figures of the nature by man’s own effort and for himself. Comparison is of existential elements in both pieces of literature. The study examines the Existential elements in Nadeem Aslam’s Maps for Lost Lovers. This study is comparative and of Qualitative in nature. Different schools of Existentialism li
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Yang, William, Ton Staps, and Ellen Hijmans. "Existential Crisis and the Awareness of Dying: The Role of Meaning and Spirituality." OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying 61, no. 1 (2010): 53–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/om.61.1.c.

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An existential crisis may occur in cancer patients when they realize that their death may be imminent. We explore the ways in which patients deal with this crisis, in which the meaning of life itself is at stake. In dealing with an existential crisis, it is important to have the courage to confront the loss of meaning and security. Then, a new sense of meaning may emerge which is essentially a receptive experience of connectedness with an ego-transcending reality, such as mankind, nature, or God. This reduces existential fear and despair and leads to acceptance of “life-as-it-is,” including it
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47

George, Login S., and Crystal L. Park. "The Multidimensional Existential Meaning Scale: A tripartite approach to measuring meaning in life." Journal of Positive Psychology 12, no. 6 (2016): 613–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17439760.2016.1209546.

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48

Suntsova, Ya S. "EXISTENTIAL FULFILLMENT OF ALCOHOLICS AND DRUG ADDICTS." Bulletin of Udmurt University. Series Philosophy. Psychology. Pedagogy 31, no. 1 (2021): 74–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.35634/2412-9550-2021-31-1-74-82.

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The article is devoted to the study of existential fulfillment of people with alcohol and drug dependence. The relevance of the study is due to the fact that the abuse of psychoactive substances and alcoholic beverages is an international problem. As a consequence of deep problems of the individual, drug addiction and alcoholism affect most areas of human life, destroying it, including its existential fulfillment, which acts as a focus of the individual to find the meaning of existence and build their own destiny. The purpose of the research was to study the existential fulfillment of people w
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49

Baumeister, Roy F., and Mark J. Landau. "Finding the Meaning of Meaning: Emerging Insights on Four Grand Questions." Review of General Psychology 22, no. 1 (2018): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/gpr0000145.

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This is a stand-alone reflection on meaning written by two scholars who recently edited a special issue on that topic. The first of four organizing questions concerns the nature of meaning. The meaning of signs (e.g., words) consists of nonphysical connection (e.g., symbolism) and potential organization. Meanwhile, existential meaning (meaning of life) involves purpose, value, mattering, continuity, and coherence. The second question concerns how meaning affects behavior. Answers are diverse and multifaceted, ranging from efforts to grapple with uncertainty and unknowns to engaging in signific
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Nilsson, Håkan. "Existential social work and the quest for existential meaning and well-being: A conceptual framework." Journal of Religion & Spirituality in Social Work: Social Thought 37, no. 1 (2017): 64–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15426432.2017.1382428.

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