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Journal articles on the topic 'Exogenous source of carbon'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 6 February 2022

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1

PEN˜UELAS, JOSEP. "HCO−3as an Exogenous Carbon Source for Aquatic BryophytesFontinalis antipyreticaandFissidens grandifrons." Journal of Experimental Botany 36, no. 3 (1985): 441–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jxb/36.3.441.

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Sun, Caili, Aabid Manzoor Shah, Junhuan Yang, Zongmin Wang, Lanlan Zhu, and Yuanda Song. "Transcriptome Analysis of Oleaginous Fungus Mucor circinelloides WJ11 in Response to Exogenous Soybean Oil as Carbon Source." Natural Product Communications 16, no. 6 (2021): 1934578X2110233. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1934578x211023366.

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Mucor circinelloides is an oleaginous fungus that utilizes a wide variety of carbon substrates for its growth. The different sources of carbon strongly influence the total lipid content of the fungus. These different carbon substrates are assimilated and dissimilated through different metabolic pathways before entering into the TAG synthesis pathway. In the present study, we attempted to explore the mechanism of ex-novo lipid biosynthesis in M. circinelloides WJ11 in response to exogenous plant oil as a carbon source through transcriptomic analysis. The lipid content of WJ11 grown in a media c

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3

Francisco, Érika Cristina, Telma Teixeira Franco, Roger Wagner, and Eduardo Jacob-Lopes. "Assessment of different carbohydrates as exogenous carbon source in cultivation of cyanobacteria." Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering 37, no. 8 (2014): 1497–505. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00449-013-1121-1.

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4

Francisco, E. C., E. Jacob-Lopes, and T. T. Franco. "Assessing the potential of disaccharides as exogenous carbon source in cultivation of cyanobacteria." New Biotechnology 29 (September 2012): S66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nbt.2012.08.185.

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5

Suner, Selim. "Reply: Elevated SpCO is Most Commonly from an Exogenous Source of Carbon Monoxide." Journal of Emergency Medicine 37, no. 3 (2009): 310. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jemermed.2008.06.035.

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6

Ramírez-Godínez, Juan, Icela Beltrán-Hernández, Alejandro Álvarez-Hernández, et al. "Evaluation of Natural Materials as Exogenous Carbon Sources for Biological Treatment of Low Carbon-to-Nitrogen Wastewater." BioMed Research International 2015 (2015): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/754785.

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In the bacterial processes involved in the mitigation of nitrogen pollution, an adequately high carbon-to-nitrogen (C : N) ratio is key to sustain denitrification. We evaluated three natural materials (woodchips, barley grains, and peanut shells) as carbon sources for low C : N wastewater. The amount of organic matter released from these materials to aqueous media was evaluated, as well as their pollution swapping potential by measuring the release of total Kjeldahl nitrogen, N-NH4+,NO2-, andNO3-, and total phosphorous. Barley grains yielded the highest amount of organic matter, which also sho

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Farrugia, G., S. M. Miller, A. Rich, et al. "Distribution of heme oxygenase and effects of exogenous carbon monoxide in canine jejunum." American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 274, no. 2 (1998): G350—G358. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.1998.274.2.g350.

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Carbon monoxide (CO) has been postulated to be a messenger in the gastrointestinal tract. The aims of this study were to determine the distribution of heme oxygenase (HO), the source for endogenous CO in the canine jejunum, and to determine the effects of CO on jejunal circular smooth muscle cells. HO-2 isoform was present in a population of myenteric and submucosal neuronal cell bodies, in nerve fibers innervating the muscle layers, and in smooth muscle cells. HO-1 isozyme was not detected in the canine jejunum. Exogenous CO increased whole cell current by 285 ± 86%, hyperpolarized the membra

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González-Hernández, Ana Isabel, Loredana Scalschi, Pilar García-Agustín, and Gemma Camañes. "Exogenous Carbon Compounds Modulate Tomato Root Development." Plants 9, no. 7 (2020): 837. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants9070837.

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NO3− is not only a nutrient, but also a signaling compound that plays an important role in several plant processes, like root development. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of three different exogenous C compounds (sucrose, glucose, 2-oxoglutarate) added to NO3− nutrition on C/N, auxin and antioxidant metabolisms in 10-day-old tomato seedlings. Sucrose and glucose supplementation enhanced primary root (PR) length, lateral root number and root density, while 2-oxoglutarate negatively affected them. This phenomenon was accompanied by a slight increase in NRT2.1 and GS1 gene expre

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Kowallik, Wolfgang, Meinolf Thiemann, Yi Huang, et al. "Complete Sequence of Glycolytic Enzymes in the Mycorrhizal Basidiomycete, Suillus bovinus." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C 53, no. 9-10 (1998): 818–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znc-1998-9-1007.

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Axenic cultures of Suillus bovinus were cultivated in inorganic liquid medium with glucose as a carbon source at 25 °C and continuous supply of oxygen by aeration with compressed air in the dark. Exogenous fructose as sole carbon source yielded about 50% less increase in dry weight than glucose. This resulted from different uptake velocities. Sucrose as sole exogenous carbon source yielded no measurable increase in dry weight. In glucose cultures, activities of all glycolytic enzymes were found. Maximum specific activities varied largely (from about 60 [fructose 6-phosphate kinase] to about 20

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10

Tsai, C. Stan, Antonio J. Aveledo, Ian J. McDonald, and Byron F. Johnson. "Diauxic growth of the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe in mixtures of D-glucose and ethanol or acetate." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 33, no. 7 (1987): 593–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/m87-103.

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The fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe was unable to utilize ethanol or acetate as its sole carbon source for growth. However, ethanol and acetate were utilized in the presence of D-glucose during diauxic growth. No mutants capable of utilizing ethanol or acetate as sole carbon source were isolated from cultures grown in glucose together with ethanol or acetate. Low concentrations of acetate facilitated growth with glucose, whereas high concentrations of ethanol or acetate were inhibitory. Growing cells readily took up [1-14C]ethanol and [1-14C]acetate. The exogenous [1-14C]acetate was in

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11

Maberly, Stephen C. "EXOGENOUS SOURCES OF INORGANIC CARBON FOR PHOTOSYNTHESIS BY MARINE MACROALGAE1." Journal of Phycology 26, no. 3 (1990): 439–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0022-3646.1990.00439.x.

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12

Zhong, Yuming, Hui Liu, Huankai Li, Qian Lu, and Yan Sun. "Does exogenous carbon source always promote algal biomass and nutrients removal in algal-bacterial wastewater remediation?" Journal of Cleaner Production 281 (January 2021): 125371. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.125371.

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13

Sengmee, Dennapa, Benjamas Cheirsilp, Thanwadee Tachapattaweawrakul Suksaroge, and Poonsuk Prasertsan. "Biophotolysis-based hydrogen and lipid production by oleaginous microalgae using crude glycerol as exogenous carbon source." International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 42, no. 4 (2017): 1970–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2016.10.089.

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14

Park, S. K., S. C. Choi, and Y. K. Kim. "The rate of iron corrosion for different organic carbon sources during biofilm formation." Water Science and Technology 55, no. 8-9 (2007): 489–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2007.295.

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The effects of total organic carbon and biofilm on microbial corrosion were quantified using serum bottles in a 2×2 factorial design. Both organic carbon and biofilm bacteria had a significant effect on the iron corrosion rate, irrespective of the levels of the other variable (p=0.05). There was no evidence of interaction between organic carbon and biofilm bacteria. Within the tested levels, the addition of exogenous organic carbon increased the corrosion rate by an average of 3.838 mg dm−2 day−1 (mdd), but the presence of biofilm bacteria decreased the rate by an average of 2.305 mdd. More ir

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15

Dongmei, Lang, Zhu Zitan, Qin Sijun, and Lyu Deguo. "Root architecture and nitrogen metabolism in roots of apple rootstock respond to exogenous glucose supply in low carbon soil." Plant, Soil and Environment 64, No. 5 (2018): 240–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/15/2018-pse.

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To investigate the response of root architecture and nitrogen metabolism of apple rootstock to glucose supply in low-carbon (C) soil, Malus baccata (L.) Borkh. in gravel soil was treated with glucose C equal to the soil microbial biomass carbon (MBC)-C value (G<sub>1</sub>), five times the soil MBC value (G<sub>2</sub>), or with no glucose (CK). The roots samples were harvested after treatments for 7, 15 and 30 days. The roots tended to become larger, more dichotomous and showed a larger link branching angle in G<sub>1</sub> and G<sub>2</sub> tha

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Braga, Gilberto U. L., Ricardo H. R. Destéfano, and Claudio L. Messias. "Protease production during growth and autolysis of submerged Metarhizium anisopliae cultures." Revista de Microbiologia 30, no. 2 (1999): 107–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0001-37141999000200004.

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The growth and autolysis of two strains of the entomopathogenic deuteromycete fungus Metarhizium anisopliae var. anisopliae were evaluated in medium containing casein or glucose as carbon source. Parameters such as economic coefficient and degree of autolysis were determined for each strain. Protease production was determined throughout the growth and autolysis phases of the cultures on medium under conditions of protease induction (in the presence of casein as sole source of carbon and nitrogen). The fungus was shown to utilize casein as a carbon/energy source in a more efficient manner than

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17

Lear, Gavin, Susan J. Turner, and Gillian D. Lewis. "Effect of light regimes on the utilisation of an exogenous carbon source by freshwater biofilm bacterial communities." Aquatic Ecology 43, no. 2 (2008): 207–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10452-008-9193-8.

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18

Wang, Mo, Dongqing Zhang, Yong Li, et al. "Effect of a Submerged Zone and Carbon Source on Nutrient and Metal Removal for Stormwater by Bioretention Cells." Water 10, no. 11 (2018): 1629. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w10111629.

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A bioretention system is a low-impact and sustainable treatment facility for treating urban stormwater runoff. To meet or maintain a consistently satisfactory performance, especially in terms of increasing nitrogen removal efficiency, the introduction of a submerged (anoxic) zone (SZ) combined with a module-based carbon source (C) has been recommended. This study investigated the removal of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and heavy metals with a retrofitted bioretention system. A significant (p < 0.05) removal enhancement of N as well as total phosphorus (TP) was observed, in the mesocosms wit

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19

Wolfaardt, G. M., J. R. Lawrence, R. D. Robarts, and D. E. Caldwell. "The role of interactions, sessile growth, and nutrient amendments on the degradative efficiency of a microbial consortium." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 40, no. 5 (1994): 331–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/m94-055.

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A degradative microbial consortium consisting of at least nine bacterial and one algal species was isolated from soil with diclofop methyl as the sole carbon source. In continuous flow culture, the presence of the algae increased diclofop methyl degradation and removal by 36%. Batch culture experiments with 14C-labeled diclofop methyl confirmed algal involvement in the mineralization of diclofop methyl as there was no significant difference in the amount of 14CO2 evolved by the bacterial consortium with and without the algal activity when the consortium was cultivated in the dark to inhibit al

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20

Li, Weina, and Fei He. "Infusion of Kupffer Cells Expanded in Vitro Ameliorated Liver Fibrosis in a Murine Model of Liver Injury." Cell Transplantation 30 (January 1, 2021): 096368972110040. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/09636897211004090.

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Transfer of exogenous macrophages represents an alternative technique to treat liver fibrosis. At present, bone marrow-derived monocytes and stem cells are the main sources for exogenous macrophages. Kupffer cells (KCs) are the resident macrophages in the liver and play a critical role in the liver homeostasis and diseases. It is unclear whether infusion of KCs can treat liver fibrosis. In this study, we observed that granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) could improve the purity of cultured KCs and significantly up-regulate the expression of Cluster of Differentiation 11b

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21

Munksgaard, Niels C., Anna V. McBeath, Philippa L. Ascough, Vladimir A. Levchenko, Alan Williams, and Michael I. Bird. "Partitioning of Microbially Respired CO2 Between Indigenous and Exogenous Carbon Sources During Biochar Degradation Using Radiocarbon and Stable Carbon Isotopes." Radiocarbon 61, no. 2 (2018): 573–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/rdc.2018.128.

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ABSTRACTPyrolized carbon in biochar can sequester atmospheric CO2 into soil to reduce impacts of anthropogenic CO2 emissions. When estimating the stability of biochar, degradation of biochar carbon, mobility of degradation products, and ingress of carbon from other sources must all be considered. In a previous study we tracked degradation in biochars produced from radiocarbon-free wood and subjected to different physico-chemical treatments over three years in a rainforest soil. Following completion of the field trial, we report here a series of in-vitro incubations of the degraded biochars to

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22

Pompei, Anna, Lisa Cordisco, Alberto Amaretti, Simona Zanoni, Diego Matteuzzi, and Maddalena Rossi. "Folate Production by Bifidobacteria as a Potential Probiotic Property." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 73, no. 1 (2006): 179–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.01763-06.

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ABSTRACT The ability of 76 Bifidobacterium strains to produce folate was investigated. In order to evaluate folic acid productivity, bifidobacteria were cultivated in the folate-free semisynthetic medium SM7. Most of the tested strains needed folate for growth. The production and the extent of vitamin accumulation were not a function of species but were distinctive features of individual strains. Six strains among the 17 that grew without folate produced significantly higher concentrations of vitamin (between 41 and 82 ng ml−1). The effects of exogenous folate and p-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) co

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23

Novak, Ryan T., Rachel F. Gritzer, Edward R. Leadbetter, and Walter Godchaux. "Phototrophic utilization of taurine by the purple nonsulfur bacteria Rhodopseudomonas palustris and Rhodobacter sphaeroides." Microbiology 150, no. 6 (2004): 1881–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/mic.0.27023-0.

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Taurine metabolism by two phototrophically grown purple nonsulfur bacteria enrichment isolates has been examined. Rhodopseudomonas palustris (strain Tau1) grows with taurine as a sole electron donor, sulfur and nitrogen source during photoautotrophic growth. Rhodobacter sphaeroides (strain Tau3) grows on the compound as sole electron donor, sulfur and nitrogen source, and partial carbon source, in the presence of CO2 during photoheterotrophic growth. Both organisms utilize an inducible taurine–pyruvate aminotransferase and a sulfoacetaldehyde acetyltransferase. The products of this metabolism

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24

Vijay, Aravind K., Said Ali M. Salim, Syama Prabha, and Basil George. "Exogenous carbon source and phytohormone supplementation enhanced growth rate and metabolite production in freshwater microalgae Scenedesmus obtusus Meyen." Bioresource Technology Reports 14 (June 2021): 100669. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biteb.2021.100669.

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25

Gorkovenko, Alexander, Jinwen Zhang, Richard A. Gross, Alfred L. Allen, and David L. Kaplan. "Bioengineering of emulsifier structure: emulsan analogs." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 43, no. 4 (1997): 384–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/m97-053.

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Strategies were investigated to modulate the side chain structure of emulsans formed by Acinetobacter calcoaceticus RAG-1. Analysis of emulsan fatty acid side chain groups by gas chromatography – mass spectrometry (GC–MS) revealed that by providing the exogenous n-alkanoic fatty acids 15:0, 16:0, and 17:0, emulsan analogs were formed with 53, 46, and 44 mol%, respectively, of fatty acid substituents with chain lengths equal to that of the carbon source. In contrast, the increase in emulsan fatty acids of chain lengths less than 15 or greater than 17 by providing corresponding shorter and longe

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Santos, Eliana de Oliveira, and Meire Lelis Leal Martins. "Effect of the medium composition on formation of amylase by Bacillus sp." Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology 46, no. 1 (2003): 129–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1516-89132003000100018.

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Studies on the alpha -amylase synthesis was carried out with a moderately thermophilic, facultatively anaerobic Bacillus sp, isolated from soil samples. The cells were cultivated in a complex medium containing soluble starch or maltose as carbon source. The levels of the alpha -amylaseactivity detected in culture supernatants varied greatly with the type of carbon source used. Maltose, soluble starch and citrate stimulated alpha -amylaseformation. Addition of exogenous glucose repressed formation of alpha -amylase, demonstrating that a classical glucose effect was operative in this organism. T

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Bastías, Marcela, and J. C. Gentina. "Effect of the Energy and Carbon Source Limitations and Ferric Inhibition on Metabolic Parameters of Leptospirillum Ferrooxidans Growing in Chemostat." Advanced Materials Research 71-73 (May 2009): 267–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.71-73.267.

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L. ferrooxidans plays a significant role in bioleaching process of ores. Being a chemoautotrophic bacterium, its sources of carbon and energy are independent. In this study were measured separately in a chemostat, the effect of growth limited by each source (CO2 and Fe(II)), and under conditions of inhibition (Fe(III)) on metabolic parameters of the cell. The runs were carried out in a bioreactor with 1.25 liter of KJ culture medium at 33.5 °C, pH 1.8, agitation rate of 300 rpm and aeration rate of 2 VVM. Using only air as CO2 source, it was established that the cells suffer simultaneous limit

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Revelles, Olga, Manuel Espinosa-Urgel, Soeren Molin та Juan L. Ramos. "The davDT Operon of Pseudomonas putida, Involved in Lysine Catabolism, Is Induced in Response to the Pathway Intermediate δ-Aminovaleric Acid". Journal of Bacteriology 186, № 11 (2004): 3439–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.186.11.3439-3446.2004.

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ABSTRACT Pseudomonas putida KT2440 is a soil microorganism that attaches to seeds and efficiently colonizes the plant's rhizosphere. Lysine is one of the major compounds in root exudates, and P. putida KT2440 uses this amino acid as a source of carbon, nitrogen, and energy. Lysine is channeled to δ-aminovaleric acid and then further degraded to glutaric acid via the action of the davDT gene products. We show that the davDT genes form an operon transcribed from a single σ70-dependent promoter. The relatively high level of basal expression from the davD promoter increased about fourfold in respo

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Jan, Ponert, and Lipavská Helena. "Utilization of exogenous saccharides by protocorms of two terrestrial orchids." Plant, Soil and Environment 63, No. 4 (2017): 152–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/71/2017-pse.

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Orchid protocorms are completely mycoheterotrophic structures. Although saccharides are proposed as the main energy and carbon (C) sources provided by fungi, there is only limited knowledge on their effects. For the first time, utilization of a wide range of saccharides by in vitro axenic protocorms of two terrestrial orchids from two subfamilies, Ophrys iricolor subsp. lojaconoi and Oeceoclades, was tested. Protocorm size and, in the first of these also rhizoid length and soluble saccharide contents, were analysed. The endogenous saccharide spectra reflected the supplied saccharides and their

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30

Voigt, Christian C., Karin Sörgel, Jurģis Šuba, Oskars Keišs, and Gunārs Pētersons. "The insectivorous bat Pipistrellus nathusii uses a mixed-fuel strategy to power autumn migration." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 279, no. 1743 (2012): 3772–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2012.0902.

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In contrast to birds, bats are possibly limited in their capacity to use body fat as an energy source for long migrations. Here, we studied the fuel choice of migratory Pipistrellus nathusii (approximate weight: 8 g) by analysing the stable carbon isotope ratio ( δ 13 C V-PDB ) of breath and potential energy sources. Breath δ 13 C V-PDB was intermediate between δ 13 C V-PDB of insect prey and adipocyte triacylglycerols, suggesting a mixed-fuel use of P. nathusii during autumn migration. To clarify the origin of oxidized fatty acids, we performed feeding experiments with captive P. nathusii . A

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Davey, Matthew P., Irmtraud Horst, Giang-Huong Duong, et al. "Triacylglyceride Production and Autophagous Responses in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii Depend on Resource Allocation and Carbon Source." Eukaryotic Cell 13, no. 3 (2014): 392–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/ec.00178-13.

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ABSTRACT To improve the economic viability of microalgal biodiesel, it will be essential to optimize the productivity of fuel molecules such as triacylglyceride (TAG) within the microalgal cell. To understand some of the triggers required for the metabolic switch to TAG production, we studied the effect of the carbon supply (acetate or CO 2 ) in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (wild type and the starchless sta6 mutant) grown under low N availability. As expected, initial rates of TAG production were much higher when acetate was present than under strictly photosynthetic conditions, particularly for

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LINE, J. E., and R. E. BRACKETT. "Role of Toxin Concentration and Second Carbon Source in Microbial Transformation of Aflatoxin B1 by Flavobacterium aurantiacum." Journal of Food Protection 58, no. 9 (1995): 1042–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-58.9.1042.

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The aflatoxins are toxic and carcinogenic mycotoxins which contaminate a variety of foods and feeds. The bacterium Flavobacterium aurantiacum NRRL B-184 has been previously shown to be effective in degrading aflatoxin B1) in liquid test medium as well as in several food types. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of an added nutrient source and added aflatoxin on the ability of F. aurantiacum to degrade aflatoxin B1. Radioactively labeled aflatoxin B1 was added to test solutions containing cells in phosphate buffer or tryptic soy broth. Nonlabeled aflatoxin B1 was also adde

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Gonzalez-Garcia, R. Axayacatl, Lars K. Nielsen, and Esteban Marcellin. "Heterologous Production of 6-Deoxyerythronolide B in Escherichia coli through the Wood Werkman Cycle." Metabolites 10, no. 6 (2020): 228. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/metabo10060228.

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Polyketides are a remarkable class of natural products with diverse functional and structural diversity. The class includes many medicinally important molecules with antiviral, antimicrobial, antifungal and anticancer properties. Native bacterial, fungal and plant hosts are often difficult to cultivate and coax into producing the desired product. As a result, Escherichia coli has been used for the heterologous production of polyketides, with the production of 6-deoxyerythronolide B (6-dEB) being the first example. Current strategies for production in E. coli require feeding of exogenous propio

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Nobre, M. Fernanda, and Milton S. da Costa. "Factors favouring the accumulation of arabinitol in the yeast Debaryomyces hansenii." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 31, no. 5 (1985): 467–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/m85-087.

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Culture conditions which lead to the intracellular accumulation of arabinitol were investigated in Debaryomyces hansenii. Arabinitol, detected in very low concentrations during the exponential phase of growth, accumulated during the stationary phase of growth in yeast extract – peptone – 1% (w/v) glucose medium. This polyol was retained intracellularly even after depletion of exogenous glucose, but was rapidly depleted during regrowth in fresh glucose medium. The accumulation of arabinitol was also favoured in media containing 1% (w/v) D-fructose, sucrose, L-arabinose, glycerol, and sodium ace

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Huertas, I. Emma, and Luis M. Lubián. "Comparative study of dissolved inorganic carbon utilization and photosynthetic responses in Nannochloris (Chlorophyceae) and Nannochloropsis (Eustigmatophyceae) species." Canadian Journal of Botany 76, no. 6 (1998): 1104–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b98-068.

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Four species of marine microalgae with similar morphology and life cycle, namely Nannochloris atomus Butcher, Nannochloris maculata Butcher, Nannochloropsis gaditana Lubian, and Nannochloropsis oculata (Droop) Hibberd, have been examined with respect to their affinity for different sources of dissolved inorganic carbon. External carbonic anhydrase activity was not found in any of these species, but the cell affinity for dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) in Nannochloris species was affected by the inhibitor acetazolamide at a concentration of 400 µM. Measurement of photosynthetic rates and CO2 c

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Li, Liande, and Katherine A. Borkovich. "GPR-4 Is a Predicted G-Protein-Coupled Receptor Required for Carbon Source-Dependent Asexual Growth and Development in Neurospora crassa." Eukaryotic Cell 5, no. 8 (2006): 1287–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/ec.00109-06.

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ABSTRACT The filamentous fungus Neurospora crassa is able to utilize a wide variety of carbon sources. Here, we examine the involvement of a predicted G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR), GPR-4, during growth and development in the presence of different carbon sources in N. crassa. Δgpr-4 mutants have reduced mass accumulation compared to the wild type when cultured on high levels of glycerol, mannitol, or arabinose. The defect is most severe on glycerol and is cell density dependent. The genetic and physical relationship between GPR-4 and the three N. crassa Gα subunits (GNA-1, GNA-2, and GNA-3

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Sun, Dongchang, Xuewu Zhang, Lingyu Wang, et al. "Transforming DNA Uptake Gene Orthologs Do Not Mediate Spontaneous Plasmid Transformation in Escherichia coli." Journal of Bacteriology 191, no. 3 (2008): 713–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.01130-08.

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ABSTRACT Spontaneous plasmid transformation of Escherichia coli occurs on nutrient-containing agar plates. E. coli has also been reported to use double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) as a carbon source. The mechanism(s) of entry of exogenous dsDNA that allows plasmid establishment or the use of DNA as a nutrient remain(s) unknown. To further characterize plasmid transformation, we first documented the stimulation of transformation by agar and agarose. We provide evidence that stimulation is not due to agar contributing a supplement of Ca2+, Fe2+, Mg2+, Mn2+, or Zn2+. Second, we undertook to inactivate t

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Pech-Canul, Ángel de la Cruz, Geovanny Rivera-Hernández, Joaquina Nogales, Otto Geiger, María J. Soto, and Isabel M. López-Lara. "Role of Sinorhizobium meliloti and Escherichia coli Long-Chain Acyl-CoA Synthetase FadD in Long-Term Survival." Microorganisms 8, no. 4 (2020): 470. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8040470.

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FadD is an acyl-coenzyme A (CoA) synthetase specific for long-chain fatty acids (LCFA). Strains mutated in fadD cannot produce acyl-CoA and thus cannot grow on exogenous LCFA as the sole carbon source. Mutants in the fadD (smc02162) of Sinorhizobium meliloti are unable to grow on oleate as the sole carbon source and present an increased surface motility and accumulation of free fatty acids at the entry of the stationary phase of growth. In this study, we found that constitutive expression of the closest FadD homologues of S. meliloti, encoded by sma0150 and smb20650, could not revert any of th

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Demain, Arnold L., and Spyridon N. Agathos. "Studies on in vivo inactivation of gramicidin S synthetase and its retardation." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 32, no. 3 (1986): 208–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/m86-042.

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The oxygen-dependent in vivo inactivation of gramicidin S synthetase was investigated in Bacillus brevis ATCC 9999. Inhibitors of energy metabolism and of protein synthesis added to aerated cell suspensions did not provide any protection against inactivation, thus indicating that the process does not depend on energy-yielding metabolism nor on de novo protein synthesis. Organic thiols added to anaerobic long-term incubations retarded synthetase inactivation for several hours, whereas in short-term incubations of previously air-exposed cells they resulted in partial restoration of activity. The

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Wright, Lesley C., Rosemary M. Santangelo, Ranjini Ganendren, Jackie Payne, Julianne T. Djordjevic, and Tania C. Sorrell. "Cryptococcal Lipid Metabolism: Phospholipase B1 Is Implicated in Transcellular Metabolism of Macrophage-Derived Lipids." Eukaryotic Cell 6, no. 1 (2006): 37–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/ec.00262-06.

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ABSTRACT Cryptococci survive and replicate within macrophages and can use exogenous arachidonic acid for the production of eicosanoids. Phospholipase B1 (PLB1) has a putative, but uninvestigated, role in these processes. We have shown that uptake and esterification of radiolabeled arachidonic, palmitic, and oleic acids by the Cryptococcus neoformans var. grubii H99 wild-type strain and its PLB1 deletion mutant strain (the Δplb1 strain) are independent of PLB1, except under hyperosmolar stress. Similarly, PLB1 was required for metabolism of 1-palmitoyl lysophosphatidylcholine (LysoPC), which is

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Fox, Calum P., Xingqian Cui, Jessica H. Whiteside, Paul E. Olsen, Roger E. Summons, and Kliti Grice. "Molecular and isotopic evidence reveals the end-Triassic carbon isotope excursion is not from massive exogenous light carbon." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 117, no. 48 (2020): 30171–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1917661117.

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The negative organic carbon isotope excursion (CIE) associated with the end-Triassic mass extinction (ETE) is conventionally interpreted as the result of a massive flux of isotopically light carbon from exogenous sources into the atmosphere (e.g., thermogenic methane and/or methane clathrate dissociation linked to the Central Atlantic Magmatic Province [CAMP]). Instead, we demonstrate that at its type locality in the Bristol Channel Basin (UK), the CIE was caused by a marine to nonmarine transition resulting from an abrupt relative sea level drop. Our biomarker and compound-specific carbon iso

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Palchevskiy, Vyacheslav, and Steven E. Finkel. "Escherichia coli Competence Gene Homologs Are Essential for Competitive Fitness and the Use of DNA as a Nutrient." Journal of Bacteriology 188, no. 11 (2006): 3902–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.01974-05.

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ABSTRACT Natural genetic competence is the ability of cells to take up extracellular DNA and is an important mechanism for horizontal gene transfer. Another potential benefit of natural competence is that exogenous DNA can serve as a nutrient source for starving bacteria because the ability to “eat” DNA is necessary for competitive survival in environments containing limited nutrients. We show here that eight Escherichia coli genes, identified as homologs of com genes in Haemophilus influenzae and Neisseria gonorrhoeae, are necessary for the use of extracellular DNA as the sole source of carbo

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TAM, N., Y. WONG, and G. LEUNG. "Effect of exogenous carbon sources on removal of inorganic nutrient by the nitrification-denitrification process." Water Research 26, no. 9 (1992): 1229–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0043-1354(92)90183-5.

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Chang, Junjun, Wei Jia, Ying Qu, Liangjie Wang, and Jinquan Chen. "Improving treatment performance of biofilters for heavily polluted surface water using combined organic/inorganic substrates and exogenous carbon source of wood pieces." DESALINATION AND WATER TREATMENT 169 (2019): 191–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.5004/dwt.2019.24713.

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Chang, Jun-jun, Yi-Feng Lu, Jin-quan Chen, Xiao-yun Wang, Tong Luo, and Hu Liu. "Simultaneous removals of nitrate and sulfate and the adverse effects of gravel-based biofilters with flower straws added as exogenous carbon source." Ecological Engineering 95 (October 2016): 189–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2016.06.032.

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Wilson, R. B., and K. Tatchell. "SRA5 encodes the low-Km cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase of Saccharomyces cerevisiae." Molecular and Cellular Biology 8, no. 1 (1988): 505–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.8.1.505.

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sra5 mutations in Saccharomyces cerevisiae were previously shown to suppress the inefficient growth of ras2 strains on nonfermentable carbon sources and to result in deficient low-Km cyclic AMP (cAMP) phosphodiesterase activity. We have cloned SRA5 by complementation. It maps to the right arm of chromosome XV, tightly linked to PRT1, and its sequence matches the sequence of PDE2, encoding the low-Km cAMP phosphodiesterase. Disruptions of SRA5 allowed ras1 ras2 strains to grow either on rich media supplemented with cAMP or on minimal media without exogenous cAMP. sra5 strains failed to survive

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Wilson, R. B., and K. Tatchell. "SRA5 encodes the low-Km cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase of Saccharomyces cerevisiae." Molecular and Cellular Biology 8, no. 1 (1988): 505–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.8.1.505-510.1988.

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sra5 mutations in Saccharomyces cerevisiae were previously shown to suppress the inefficient growth of ras2 strains on nonfermentable carbon sources and to result in deficient low-Km cyclic AMP (cAMP) phosphodiesterase activity. We have cloned SRA5 by complementation. It maps to the right arm of chromosome XV, tightly linked to PRT1, and its sequence matches the sequence of PDE2, encoding the low-Km cAMP phosphodiesterase. Disruptions of SRA5 allowed ras1 ras2 strains to grow either on rich media supplemented with cAMP or on minimal media without exogenous cAMP. sra5 strains failed to survive

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Chelius, Marisa K., and Eric W. Triplett. "Immunolocalization of Dinitrogenase Reductase Produced by Klebsiella pneumoniae in Association withZea mays L." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 66, no. 2 (2000): 783–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.66.2.783-787.2000.

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ABSTRACT The endophytic lifestyle of Klebsiella pneumoniae is described, including the production of dinitrogenase reductase by bacteria residing in maize root tissue. The green fluorescent protein (GFP) was used to detect the colonization of maize by K. pneumoniae strains 2028 and 342. These strains were found to reside in intercortical layers of the stem and within the region of maturation in the root. The production of dinitrogenase reductase by GFP-tagged bacteria was visualized using immunolocalization. This activity was only apparent when bacteria were supplied with an exogenous carbon s

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Amoah-Buahin, Evelyn, Neil Bone, and John Armstrong. "Hyphal Growth in the Fission Yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe." Eukaryotic Cell 4, no. 7 (2005): 1287–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/ec.4.7.1287-1297.2005.

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ABSTRACT The fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe grows in a single-celled form or can mate and undergo meiosis and sporulation. Here we show that wild-type S. pombe can also differentiate to form elaborately branched hyphae which invade deep into solid medium. Branches appear in the hyphae adjacent to unseparated septa. Electron microscopy reveals unusual multivesicular structures within the hyphae. Nitrogen deprivation appears to be the main stimulus for hyphal growth. No mitogen-activated protein kinase is necessary for the response. Inhibition of cyclic AMP (cAMP) production or signalin

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Handrick, René, Simone Reinhardt, and Dieter Jendrossek. "Mobilization of Poly(3-Hydroxybutyrate) inRalstonia eutropha." Journal of Bacteriology 182, no. 20 (2000): 5916–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.182.20.5916-5918.2000.

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ABSTRACT Ralstonia eutropha H16 degraded (mobilized) previously accumulated poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) in the absence of an exogenous carbon source and used the degradation products for growth and survival. Isolated native PHB granules of mobilized R. eutropha cells released 3-hydroxybutyrate (3HB) at a threefold higher rate than did control granules of nonmobilized bacteria. No 3HB was released by native PHB granules of recombinant Escherichia coli expressing the PHB biosynthetic genes. Native PHB granules isolated from chromosomal knockout mutants of an intracellular PHB (i-PHB) depolymer

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