Academic literature on the topic 'Exophora'
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Journal articles on the topic "Exophora"
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Cornish, Francis. "‘Antecedentless’ anaphors: deixis, anaphora, or what? Some evidence from English and French." Journal of Linguistics 32, no. 1 (March 1996): 19–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022226700000748.
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Taking a cognitive perspective, and concentrating on instances of exophora (or so-called ‘antecedentless’ anaphora), where by definition there is no co-occurring expression in terms of which a given anaphor might be interpreted (i.e. a potential ‘antecedent’), I aim to show, firstly, that so-called exophora falls within the category of anaphora proper and not deixis; secondly, that it is in terms of a conceptual representation of the situation being evoked, and not in terms of the physical situation itself, that the anaphor is interpreted; and finally, that exophora is in reality a more central manifestation of anaphora than the ‘endophoric’ type, where the ‘antecedent’ expression co-occurs with the anaphor.I will base the discussion on naturally occurring data from French and English, and will consider the contributions of gender- and number-marking within pronominal anaphors, as well as of such features of the anaphoric segment as the argument and referent-order statuses assigned to an anaphor by the governing predicator and its modifiers, and the stress and pitch characteristics of the anaphor. All these features play an important role in the assignment of a full interpretation to so-called ‘endophoric’ anaphors just as much as ‘exophoric’ ones, thereby weakening the theoretical basis for the distinction between the two types.
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Fakhriana, Hasymi. "EKSOFORA DALAM BAHASA BANJAR (EXOPHORA IN BANJARESE LANGUAGE)." JURNAL BAHASA, SASTRA DAN PEMBELAJARANNYA 7, no. 2 (January 26, 2018): 259. http://dx.doi.org/10.20527/jbsp.v7i2.4426.
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Eksofora dalam Bahasa Banjar. Penelitian ini membahas mengenai eksofora dalam bahasa Banjar.Eksofora adalah hal atau fungsi menunjuk kembali kepada sesuatu yang ada di luar bahasa atau padasituasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan jenis-jenis eksfora dalam tuturan bahasa Banjar.Metode yang digunakan metode deskripsif dengan pendekatan kualitatif, yaitu prosedur penelitianyang menghasilkan data deskriptif berupa kata-kata tertulis atau lisan. Data yang digunakan dalampenelitian ini dibagi menjadi menjadi dua bagian, yaitu data primer dan data sekunder. Data primerberupa tuturan lisan yang diperoleh dari informan yang menguasai bahasa Banjar. Data sekunderberupa informasi yang diperoleh dari buku-buku cerita berbahasa Banjar. Data yang diambil dalampenelitian ini berupa sejumlah ujaran yang berupa kata, frasa, dan kalimat yang menyangkut masalaheksofora. Pengumpulan data ini menggunakan metode simak. Istilah menyimak di sini tidak hanyaberkaitan dengan pengunaan bahasa secara lisan, tetapi juga penggunaan bahasa secara tertulis.Metode ini memiliki teknik dasar yang berwujud teknik sadap. Dalam teknik selanjutnya, teknik sadapini diikuti dengan teknik lanjutan yang berupa teknik simak libat cakap, teknik simak bebas libat cakap,catat dan teknik rekam. Teknik libat cakap maksudnya si peneliti melakukan penyadapan itu dengancara berpartisipasi sambil menyimak, berpartisipasi dalam pembicaraan, dan menyimak pembicaraan.Selanjutnya teknik catat adalah teknik lanjutan yang dilakukan ketika menerapkan metode simakdengan teknik lanjutan. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah modelinteraktif dilakukan melalui empat tahap kegiatan, yaitu (a) pengumpulan data, (b) reduksi data,(c) penyajian data, dan (d) penyimpulan/verifikasi. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa 1)Wujud kata atau frasa yang tergolong deiksis persona dalam bahasa Banjar meliputi a) bentuk bebas, b)bentuk terikat, c) bentuk dasar, dan d) bentuk turunan. 2) Wujud kata atau frasa yang tergolong deiksiswaktu dalam bahasa Banjar meliputi a) pronomina penunjuk temporal, b) pronomina penunjukkandeskriptif, dan c) promonima penunjukkan dimensional. 3) Wujud kata dan frasa yang tergolong deiksistempat dalam bahasa Banjar meliputi a) pronomina penunjuk lokotif. 4) Kategori deiksis yang eksoforadalam tuturan bahasa Banjar meliputi a) pronomina persona pertama, b) pronomina persona kedua, c)pronomina persona ketiga, d) pronomina yang direduplikasikan, dan e) sifat khas leksem persona dalambahasa Banjar. 5) Ciri sintaksis yang memperlihatkan gejala eksofora dalam bahasa Banjar meliputia) fungsi sintaksis unsur-unsur kalimat (menduduki fungsi subjek, objek, dan keterangan) b) Peransemantik unsur-unsur kalimat (pelaku, pengalam, peruntung).Kata-kata kunci: eksofora, deiksis, bahasa banjar
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Hangyo, Masatsugu, Daisuke Kawahara, and Sadao Kurohashi. "Japanese Zero Reference Resolution Considering Zero Exophora and Author/Reader Mentions." Journal of Natural Language Processing 21, no. 3 (2014): 563–600. http://dx.doi.org/10.5715/jnlp.21.563.
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Sango, Mizuki, Hitoshi Nishikawa, and Takenobu Tokunaga. "Domain Adaptation in Japanese Predicate-Argument Structure Analysis considering First and Second Person Exophora." Journal of Natural Language Processing 26, no. 2 (June 15, 2019): 483–508. http://dx.doi.org/10.5715/jnlp.26.483.
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Atuanya, George Nnamdi, Osayimwen Osas Ero, and Raphael Uchenna Enyinnaya Akpalaba. "Evaluating the Effect of Retinal Defocus (Blur) on Lateral Heterophoria." Journal of the Nigerian Optometric Association 23, no. 1 (June 11, 2021): 11–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jnoa.v23i1.4.
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Purpose: This study was conducted to ascertain the effect of retinal defocusing or retinal blur on lateral heterophoria at far and near.Methods: This was a quasi-experimental study involving 57 participants aged 5 to 35 years, who were selected based on the inclusion criteria of being myopes and emmetropes who had a normal general and ocular health. The Von Graefe technique was used for measuring phoria under standard testing conditions.Results: The mean baseline lateral phoria for emmetropes were 0.53 ± 1.14∆ exophoria and 2.47 ± 2.08∆ exophoria at far and near respectively, while after defocusing, it was 2.80 ± 0.88∆ exophoria and 4.34 ± 1.70∆ exophoria at far and near respectively. For myopes, the baseline lateral phoria was 1.52 ± 1.09∆ exophoria and 4.76 ± 1.13∆ exophoria at far and near respectively while after defocussing, it was 3.39 ± 0.92∆ exophoria at far and 7.60 ± 1.00∆ exophoria at near. The mean difference in lateral phoria was found to be significant at the 95% confidence level (P = 0.000). There was no statistically significant difference in lateral phoria change at far (P = 0.072), while the near phoria difference was significant (P = 0.002).Conclusion: Gas Retinal defocusing with +2.50D resulted in a shift towards exophoria at both far and near, with myopes experiencing more exophoric shift. This is because they are less sensitive to the presence of blur. This will enable practitioners to be cautious of the inhibition of accommodation due to higher exophoria at near when prescribing lenses.
Keywords: Retinal Defocus, Myopia, Emmetropia, Near lateral phoria, Distance lateral phoria.
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Rian Meriandini, I. Gusti Ayu, Made Ratna Dian Aryani, and I. Made Budiana. "Deiksis Persona pada Pronomina Persona dalam Anime Barakamon Karya Tachibana Masaki." Humanis 23, no. 3 (September 27, 2019): 240. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/jh.2019.v23.i03.p11.
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The title of this research is “Personal Deixis on Personal Pronoun of Barakamon Anime Created by Tachibana Masaki” that aimed to research the deixis form, deixis reference, and deictic shift on personal pronoun of Barakamon anime 1-12 episode created by Tachibana Masaki. This research was analyzed by using descriptive method and informal technique. Deixis form and deixis reference analysis used personal deixis of pragmatic theory by Yule (1996) and personal deixis reference by Halliday and Hasan (1976). While the deictic shift analysis used personal deictic shift theory by Purwo (1984). The result of this research is on Barakamon anime was found three types of person deixis in the personal pronoun with each type of person deixis divided into two forms are singular and plural i.e. first personal deixis e.g. watashi, atashi, boku, ore, uchi, watashitachi, watashira, atashira, bokutachi, bokura, oretachi, orera, uchira, and wareware, second personal deixis e.g. anata, anta, kimi, omae, anatatachi, antatachi, antara, omaetachi, and omaera, and third personal deixis e.g. kare, koitsu, soitsu, aitsu, koitsura and aitsura. Deixis reference that found are exophora reference and endophora reference with anaphora category. And deictic shift that found are personal deictic shifting first personal form for second personal by using watashi, personal deictic shifting second personal form for first personal by using omae and omaera, and personal deictic shifting second personal form for third personal by using anata and omae.
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Cooper, Jason F., Ryan J. Guasp, Meghan Lee Arnold, Barth D. Grant, and Monica Driscoll. "Stress increases in exopher-mediated neuronal extrusion require lipid biosynthesis, FGF, and EGF RAS/MAPK signaling." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 118, no. 36 (September 2, 2021): e2101410118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2101410118.
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In human neurodegenerative diseases, neurons can transfer toxic protein aggregates to surrounding cells, promoting pathology via poorly understood mechanisms. In Caenorhabditis elegans, proteostressed neurons can expel neurotoxic proteins in large, membrane-bound vesicles called exophers. We investigated how specific stresses impact neuronal trash expulsion to show that neuronal exopher production can be markedly elevated by oxidative and osmotic stress. Unexpectedly, we also found that fasting dramatically increases exophergenesis. Mechanistic dissection focused on identifying nonautonomous factors that sense and activate the fasting-induced exopher response revealed that DAF16/FOXO-dependent and -independent processes are engaged. Fasting-induced exopher elevation requires the intestinal peptide transporter PEPT-1, lipid synthesis transcription factors Mediator complex MDT-15 and SBP-1/SREPB1, and fatty acid synthase FASN-1, implicating remotely initiated lipid signaling in neuronal trash elimination. A conserved fibroblast growth factor (FGF)/RAS/MAPK signaling pathway that acts downstream of, or in parallel to, lipid signaling also promotes fasting-induced neuronal exopher elevation. A germline-based epidermal growth factor (EGF) signal that acts through neurons is also required for exopher production. Our data define a nonautonomous network that links food availability changes to remote, and extreme, neuronal homeostasis responses relevant to aggregate transfer biology.
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Lipunova, O. A., I. L. Plisov, V. V. Cherhykh, N. G. Antsiferova, V. B. Pushchina, and G. V. Gladysheva. "Exophoria: clinical features, diagnosis, treatment. The modern view on the problem. Literature review." Modern technologies in ophtalmology, no. 2 (June 15, 2021): 52–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.25276/2312-4911-2021-2-52-55.
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Purpose. Create a summary classification of exophoria. To propose an optimal algorithm for optometric and surgical methods of treatment. A modern view of the problem. It is optimal to subdivide exophoria according to the state of the vergent-duction balance into divergence excess, basic exophoria, convergence insufficiency, divergence pseudo-excess, lateral gaze incomitance. By the degree of compensation for compensated, subcompensated, uncompensated, decompensated. In combination with alphabetic pattern for exophoria without pattern, exophoria in combination with horizontal type A pattern, exophoria in combination with vertical type A pattern, exophoria in combination with horizontal type V pattern, exophoria in combination with vertical type V pattern. Features of optimal optical and prismatic correction depend on the state of the vergent-duction balance. In cases of exophoria without pattern surgical treatment is carried out during the transition from a state of subcompensation to non-compensation. In case of exophoria with horizontal-type alphabetical pattern, combined horizontal-transpositional surgery is optimal: elimination of exophoria, the protocol is based on the amount of deviation in the direct gaze position; elimination of the pattern, the protocol is based on vertical transposition of muscles of horizontal action. In cases of exophoria with vertical-type pattern, it is necessary to perform staged vertical-horizontal surgery: stage 1 – elimination of vertical heterotropy in adduction; stage 2 – elimination of exophoria (the protocol is based on the amount of deviation in the direct gaze position). Conclusions. The treatment protocol should be based on a reliably diagnosed diagnosis and consists at the pre-surgical stage in the optimal optical and prismatic correction, the appointment of orthopto-diplopto-prismatic treatment. The effectiveness of treatment is assessed by the dynamics of the disease: the magnitude of exodeviation and the stage of compensation. The protocol of surgical treatment must be reasonable and timely. Key words: exophoria, divergence excess, convergence insufficiency, basic exotropia, lateral gaze incomitance, alphabet pattern.
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Matsumura, Mika, Junko Arimatsu, Ryuzo Utsumi, Takashi Utsumi, and Keiko Nakamura. "Physiological exophoria at near. 1. Frequency and distribution of exophoria." JAPANESE ORTHOPTIC JOURNAL 19 (1991): 111–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4263/jorthoptic.19.111.
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KOJIMA, Tomoe, Kae NUKINA, and Masako FUNABIKI. "Retrospective study of exophoria-tropia." JAPANESE ORTHOPTIC JOURNAL 18 (1990): 190–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4263/jorthoptic.18.190.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Exophora"
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Betancourt, Suarez Maria Teresa. "Les démonstratifs déclinables et indéclinables en espagnol du Mexique." Thesis, Paris 3, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA030173/document.
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Cette thèse a pour objectif l’étude des démonstratifs déclinables et indéclinables en espagnol du Mexique, dans une approche synchronique. Le traitement statistique d’un corpus de 205600 mots a permis de décrire l’emploi actuel des démonstratifs, dans la pratique orale et écrite, de déterminer l’état actuel du système et d’évaluer le risque de disparition de certains démonstratifs caractérisés par leur faible fréquence d’emploi [aquel, aquello, acá, allí]. Le travail aborde certains phénomènes propres au Mexique, tels que la difficulté de distinguer ahí de allí et les conséquences qui en découlent, telles que la tendance à la substitution de allí par ahí et l’opposition fréquente de aquí à allá. L’analyse a été réalisée à partir des approches théoriques de Maurice Molho et Jean-Louis Bénézech, fondées, pour l’essentiel, sur l’observation des signifiants. Les opérations de référenciation accomplies au moyen des deux sous-systèmes décrits sont analysées en fonction de trois approches qui, en fait, sont complémentaires. Les emplois déictiques et endophoriques [anaphoriques et cataphoriques] sont étudiés dans le cadre de l’approche traditionnelle. L’approche cognitive tient compte de la manière dont le « nouveau » et le « connu » influencent le choix du démonstratif par le locuteur. L’approche pragmatique offre une vision plus complète du fonctionnement des expressions référentielles ; elle tient compte non seulement de l’interlocuteur mais de la situation de communication dans son entierThe objective of this thesis is to study the declinable and non-declinable demonstrative words in Mexican Spanish within a synchronic framework. The result of the statistical study consisting of a corpus of 205, 600 words allowed for a description of the current use of the demonstratives in the spoken and the written word, for an analysis of the existing system of demonstrative usage, and an evaluation of the risk of certain demonstrative pronouns and adverbs [aquel, aquello, acá, allí] disappearing totally from Mexican Spanish, given their infrequent use. The work deals with certain linguistic phenomena particular to Mexico, such as the difficulty of distinguishing ahí from allí and the consequences thereof, as well as the tendency to substitute allí with ahí and the frequent establishment of the relationship between aquí and allá. The analysis has been carried out within the context of the theories of Maurice Molho and Jean-Louis Bénézech that are essentially based on the observation of signifiers. The referential functioning carried out by the declinable and non-declinable demonstratives are analyzed in function of the three approaches that are, in fact, complementary. The deictic and endophoric uses [anaphoric and cataphoric] are studied within the framework of the traditional approach. The cognitive approach takes into account the way in which « the new » and « the known » influence the speaker’s choice of demonstrative pronoun. The pragmatic approach offers a more complete vision of the working of the referential expressions, as it takes into account not just the interlocutor but the communication situation in its entirety
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Lange, Noa. "Distance and visibility in Gawri demonstratives." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för lingvistik, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-144875.
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This is a study of demonstratives in Gawri [ISO 639-3: gwc] (Hindukush Indo-Aryan, HKIA), based on field data collected in Islamabad, Pakistan during the winter of 2016–2017. Previous studies of HKIA languages report systems of third-person pronouns with a three-way demonstrative contrast – two terms distinguishing between proximal and distal referents, and one used with accessible referents out of sight. Gawri, by contrast, exhibits a five-term system of demonstrative determiners, which is separate from its personal pronouns. This study investigates the deictic meaning, pragmatic use, and syntactic function of each demonstrative in Gawri as well as a comparative sample of four Indo-Aryan languages. The purpose is to assess differences in reference to accessible and inaccessible entities, and whether Gawri’s invisible term is viable in an exophoric (situational) context. A modified version of Wilkins’ (1999) demonstrative questionnaire was used to elicit data from seven speakers. Results indicate that Gawri’s invisible demonstrative is functionally exophoric on at least two discrete distances from the deictic center, while it is restricted to accessible referents in other HKIA languages. A reanalysis of Gawri’s demonstrative system is proposed, which reduces its number of terms to two within each of the parameters of distance and visibility.Detta är en undersökning av demonstrativor i gawri [ISO 639-3: gwc] (Hindukush-indoariskt, HKIA) baserad på fältdata samlade i Islamabad, Pakistan under vintern 2016–2017. Tidigare studier i HKIA rapporterar tredjepersonpronomen med en tredelad demonstrativkontrast, varav två termer särskiljer proximala från distala referenter och en används med tillgängliga referenter utom synhåll. Gawri har i motsats ett femdelat system av demonstrativdeterminerare som är separata från dess personliga pronomen. Denna studie undersöker samtliga demonstrativors deiktiska betydelse, pragmatiska användning och syntaktiska funktion i gawri samt i ett jämförelsesampel med fyra indoariska språk. Syftet är att upptäcka eventuella skillnader i referens till tillgängliga och otillgängliga entiteter, samt huruvida den osynliga demonstrativan är tillämpbar i en exoforisk (situationell) kontext. En modifierad version av Wilkins (1999) demonstrative questionnaire användes för att elicitera data från sju talare. Resultatet visar att gawris osynliga demonstrativa är funktionellt exoforisk vid åtminstone två diskreta avstånd från den deiktiska mittpunkten, medan den är begränsad till tillgängliga referenter i andra HKIA-språk. En omanalys av gawris demonstrativsystem föreslås, vilken reducerar dess termer till två inom var och en av parametrarna avstånd och synlighet.
Language contact and relatedness in the Hindukush Region, Swedish Research Council, Project number: 421-2014-631
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Hübner, Stefanie Verfasser], and Heimo [Gutachter] [Steffen. "Langzeitergebnisse nach kombinierter Divergenzoperation bei Strabismus divergens intermittens und dekompensierender Exophorie / Stefanie Hübner. Gutachter: Heimo Steffen." Würzburg : Universität Würzburg, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1102828610/34.
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Hübner, Stefanie [Verfasser], and Heimo [Gutachter] Steffen. "Langzeitergebnisse nach kombinierter Divergenzoperation bei Strabismus divergens intermittens und dekompensierender Exophorie / Stefanie Hübner. Gutachter: Heimo Steffen." Würzburg : Universität Würzburg, 2014. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-105669.
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Abreu, Lúcia Collischonn de. "Sonatas em neve : traduzindo a escrita exofônica de Yôko Tawada." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/170369.
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Yôko Tawada, autora japonesa que escreve em língua alemã, representa novos caminhos da chamada literatura transnacional, e junto com outros autores não nativos, reflete novas tendências na literatura de língua alemã contemporânea. Sua contribuição pode ser melhor entendida considerando-se o conceito de “exofonia”, uma abordagem mais formal que considera o escrever em língua estrangeira como uma estratégia inovadora para a criação literária. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo geral a tradução do romance Etüden im Schnee (TAWADA, 2014), de Yôko Tawada, utilizando o texto para análise e tradução da exofonia a fim de propor, assim, uma nova maneira de abordar o texto exofônico, isto é, a escrita em língua estrangeira. Para isso, apresento elementos biográficos e da obra da autora para criar um panorama de sua obra e de temas e características recorrentes nela, assim como a visão da autora sobre escrita e tradução. Em seguida, apresento e discutido de forma mais pormenorizada o conceito de exofonia, em oposição e consonância com outros termos utilizados para designar essas literaturas sem morada fixa (ETTE, 2005) em que a exofonia se insere. Busco enriquecer o debate ao introduzir a visão de Yôko Tawada sobre a exofonia, encontrada em seu livro Ekusophonii assim como, de forma geral, sua visão sobre a língua materna, língua estrangeira, e o pertencimento ou dominação de uma língua. Com isso, apresentamos uma visão de tradução exofônica levando em consideração os elementos levantados, e em consonância com a tradução cultural e teorias de tradução que levam em consideração o estilo assim como a voz do tradutor. O objetivo aqui, além de introduzir todas as informações apresentadas, é analisar a obra e sua tradução sob uma perspectiva exofônica, identificando elementos formais e temáticos desse fenômeno de ir para fora da língua materna. O romance Etüden im Schnee, mais recente da autora, apresenta três ursos polares narradores, migrantes, deslocados, que representam uma extrapolação do conceito da exofonia, ao considerar a visão do outro, do estranho, do diferente. No romance, podemos encontrar diversos elementos da exofonia tanto na temática quanto em sua forma, e aqui pretendemos conduzir a análise de tais aspectos considerando-se sua tradução para o português e as implicações que a exofonia tem no processo tradutório.Yôko Tawada, a Japanese author who writes in German, has contributed to a modern phenomenon responsible for resetting the boundaries of the concept of national or international literature in German-speaking countries and literatures. Tawada has paved the way to other exophonic authors to be regarded and studied as such. Exophony, a fairly recent term, refers to the specific case of writers who step outside of their mother tongue, choosing a foreign language to write literature in. The term, however, resonates with wider attempts at defining this literature which, according to Ottmar Ette (2005), has no fixed abode, i.e., does not belong. This work aims at a) translating Yôko Tawada’s novel Etüden im Schnee (2014) into Brazilian Portuguese in order to help bring the author into Brazil’s literary polysystem, b) introducing Tawada’s work and themes present in her books as well as her vision on translation and writing processes, c) introducing exophony as a valid way to read literary texts written in a foreign language and d) analysing Etüden im Schnee and its translation into Portuguese with a basis on the exophonic themes and formal structures that can be observed within the text. Drawing upon Tawada’s critical oeuvre as well as biographical elements and a general take on her works and what constitutes a Tawadian text, alongside with a wider canvas of what exophony is as well as the author’s own view on exophony and the process of writing in a foreign language, we aim at analysing her latest novel Etüden im Schnee and its translation into Portuguese taking into account the process of cultural, stylistic and cognitive translation, as presented by Wright (2010, 2013) in order to propose an exophonic view of translation. In the novel Etüden im Schnee Tawada imagines the inside world of a polar bear’s mind by giving three generations of polar bears, The Grandmother, Toska and Knut, a chance to tell a story, a story about politics, languages, different worlds and species and what makes bears and humans alike. The aim here is to identify elements of exophony as well as themes and strategies present in the novel and its translation.
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Čížková, Markéta. "Rúzné druhy reference zájmena "this" a odpovídající české ekvivalnty." Master's thesis, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-393560.
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This MA thesis is first of all concerned with the distribution of different types of reference of the English demonstrative pronoun this. Reference can be divided into exophoric (personal, spatial, temporal, discourse, social, empathetic, and emotional deixis), endophoric (anaphora and cataphora), and non-phoric reference (introductory and recognitional). The second aim of this thesis is to study the way by which the individual occurrences of the pronoun this with different reference are translated into the Czech language. The sample that was studied consisted of 219 occurrences of this collected from three British plays: The Caretaker (1960) by Harold Pinter, The Public Eye (1962) by Peter Shaffer, and The Real Inspector Hound (1968) by Tom Stoppard. The Czech translations of these plays were used for the second part of the research. The analysis of the plays showed that the most frequent type of reference of this is exophoric deictic reference, more precisely its subtype spatial deixis. The outcome of the translational analysis was the finding that this is most frequently translated by the Czech demonstrative pronoun ten. Keywords: demonstrative pronoun this, reference distribution, exophora, deixis, endophora, non-phoric reference, Czech translation equivalents
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Hübner, Stefanie. "Langzeitergebnisse nach kombinierter Divergenzoperation bei Strabismus divergens intermittens und dekompensierender Exophorie." Doctoral thesis, 2014. https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-105669.
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Die Arbeit befasst sich mit den Langzeitergebnissen nach operativer Korrektur eines Strabismus divergens intermittens sowie dekompensierender Exophorie mittels kombinierter Divergenzoperation. Es wurden die Veränderung der Schielwinkel prä- und postoperativ, der Verlauf der Binokularfunktionen sowie Einflussfaktoren auf die Operationseffektivität untersucht. Die Ergebnisse wurden mit denen anderer Autoren verglichenThe aim of the study was to investigate the long time results after operative correction for intermittent exotropia and decompensating exophoria after unilateral recess-resect surgery. The deviation angles at distance and near as well as stereopsis were measured pre- and postoperatively. Furthermore factors that influence the effectivity of the operation were evaluated. Finaly the results were compared with those of other authors
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Vaudry, Pierre-Luc. "Les expressions démonstratives en tant que marqueurs de la cohésion textuelle en vue de l'analyse automatique de textes." Thèse, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/16586.
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Bečvářová, Karolina. "Demonstrativní predeterminant v současné francouzštině a jeho fungování v textu." Master's thesis, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-298189.
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demonstrative determiner - actualization - identification - reference - deixis - anaphora - cataphora - literary narative text Demonstrative determiner actualises and identifies a noun by designation the referent of this noun. Demonstrative determiner designates the referent in space (physical surroundings of the speaker), in context, or in common shared experience. In literary text, demonstrative determiner designates the referent in context by anaphora or cataphora, in some cases it designates the referent in fictional space.
Book chapters on the topic "Exophora"
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Huang, Y. "Anaphora, Cataphora, Exophora, Logophoricity." In Encyclopedia of Language & Linguistics, 231–37. Elsevier, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b0-08-044854-2/01084-1.
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". *Esto-/*Esmo-: Exophora, Text Deixis, Discourse Deixis, and Suppletion." In Sabellian Demonstratives, 29–61. BRILL, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/9789004216990_004.
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". *Eko-/*Ekso-: Exophora, Text Deixis, Discourse Deixis, and Grammaticalisation." In Sabellian Demonstratives, 63–115. BRILL, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/9789004216990_005.
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Evans, Bruce JW. "Exophoric conditions." In Pickwell's Binocular Vision Anomalies, 117–32. Elsevier, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-7506-8897-0.50011-1.
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Evans, Bruce J. W. "Exophoric Conditions." In Pickwell's Binocular Vision Anomalies, 114–29. Elsevier, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-323-73317-5.00013-0.
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"Extraterritoriality, Exophony, and the Literary Text." In Ex(tra)territorial, 215–30. Brill | Rodopi, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/9789401211086_015.
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Kaïd, Fatiha, and Ibtissam Touhami. "Developing the EFL Learners' Interdisciplinary Thinking Through Teaching Literature." In Using Literature to Teach English as a Second Language, 99–121. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-4670-3.ch006.
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It is a popularized consensus that literature develops the learners' linguistic competence as well as cultural competence. Accordingly, the teaching practices of literature have been tailored to adapt to the requirement of the EFL context. However, in this process, a digression occurred from the core of engaging the students in literary analysis; instead, the literary text is taught in banking model replica. The discursivity of a literary discourse requires the learners to use their interdisciplinary thinking to perform a transdisciplinary dialogue to decode and interpret a discourse. Teaching literature as a discursive discourse contributes to developing the learners' criticality through the use of interdisciplinary thinking. The recourse to an interdisciplinary teaching of literature would contribute to developing criticality by being exposed to a language of possibilities. The students will be actively involved in decoding the endophoric and the exophoric elements of the literary discourse. This interdisciplinary approach to teaching literature would foster criticality.
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Sawada, Nao. "Maghrebian Shadow." In Abdelkébir Khatibi, 219–34. Liverpool University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/liverpool/9781789622331.003.0010.
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Abdelkébir Khatibi, who was seduced by the land of the Rising Sun, left us a few texts on Japan and its culture such as Japanese Shadow and “Tanizaki Revisited” in which he refers, in particular, to the great Japanese writer Junichiro Tanizaki. These texts indeed present a dual interest: on the one hand, they allow us to discover unknown aspects of Abdelkébir Khatibi – his deep attraction for Japanese culture, not only for literature but also calligraphy and other fine arts – and, on the other hand, his subtle and brilliant reading of Tanizaki's text, which gives us another insight into Japanese culture. In these two texts, we can identify several elements that Khatibi discovers in Japan via Tanizaki: exoticism beyond the simple exotic, eroticism, and ‘exophony’. We therefore examine Khatibi's Japanese culture, as inflected through the lens of Junichiro Tanizaki, following three problematics: exoticism, the body and languages, and Eros/Thanatos. Far from separate, all these elements are intertwined for Tanizaki as well as for Khatibi. In other words, this is a phenomenon, as the Moroccan writer points out, of ‘intersemiotics’.
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Moulton, Keir. "Remarks on propositional nominalization." In Nominalization, 255–76. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198865544.003.0011.
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Moulton’s ‘Remarks on propositional nominalization’ investigates nominalization at the highest reaches of the extended verbal projection, finite CPs. While CPs can express propositions, Moulton puts forward the novel claim that only nominalization of CPs by a semantically-contentful N can deliver reference to propositional objects. This conclusion is in contrast to the propositional nominalization operations proposed in Chierchia (1984), Potts (2002), and Takahashi (2010). Evidence comes from a correlation between two types of D+CP constructions in Spanish (Picallo, 2002; Serrano, 2014, 2015) and the kind of propositions they can describe. Moulton then shows that a similar pattern arises in the case of exophoric propositional proforms, a novel observation. Putting the two case studies together, the following picture emerges: Natural language does not permit reference to proposition-like objects directly by adding a D to a CP, but only via some content-bearing entity (e.g. Moltmann’s (2013) attitudinal objects). In the case of propositional nominalizations, this entity must come in the form a lexical N; in the case of propositional discourse anaphora, this must come in the form of a discourse referent that bears propositional content, such as an assertion event (Hacquard, 2006). <189>
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Evans, Bruce. "Decompensated exophoria at near, convergence insufficiency and binocular instability: diagnosis and the development of a new treatment regimen." In Binocular Vision & Orthoptics, 39–49. Elsevier, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-7506-4713-7.50009-6.
Full textReports on the topic "Exophora"
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Feld, Jan, Nicolás Salamanca, and Daniel Hamermesh. Endophilia or Exophobia: Beyond Discrimination. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, September 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w19471.
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