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Daytz, Penny J. "Thematic units: An integrated curriculum." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1992. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/1056.
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Ling, Wai-yu, and 凌蕙如. "Volunteering experience of older volunteers in Group Work Units/SocialWelfare Department in Shamshuipo District." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2000. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B44570107.
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DIUANA, MARINA CASTINHEIRAS. "FRATERNAL BONDS: A STUDY BASED ON THE EXPERIENCE ACQUIRED IN PEDIATRIC INTENSIVE CARE UNITS." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2010. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=35596@1.
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PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO<br>As relações fraternas, assim como a fraternidade tem sido objeto de estudo de diversos autores psicanalistas contemporâneos. O presente estudo tem como objetivo estudar a importância do laço fraterno na constituição do sujeito e quais são suas repercussões no ambiente intensivista pediátrico, tendo em vista que alguns hospitais realizam visitas dos irmãos às crianças internadas. É contemplada a importância da fratria na construção da subjetividade, além do valor da fraternidade e dos laços de amizade e solidariedade constatados a partir da experiência clínica e corroborado pelas discussões clínicas recentes.<br>Fraternal relationships among siblings as well as fraternity itself have been an object of study by many contemporary psychoanalysts. The objective of this study is to analyze the importance of fraternal bonds and its repercussion in the pediatric intensive-care environment, considering that some hospitals support children s visits to hospitalized siblings. This paper also addresses the importance of the fraternal relationships in the construction of subjectivity in addition to the value of fraternity, friendship and solidarity bonds which were observed from clinical experience and confirmed by recent clinical discussions.
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Takagi, Naomi Igarashi. "Flow theory: Conscious experience in expository argumentative writing." Cleveland, Ohio : Case Western Reserve University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1238170540.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Case Western Reserve University, 2009<br>Title from PDF (viewed on 30 July 2009) Department of English Includes abstract Includes bibliographical references Available online via the OhioLINK ETD Center
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Gotreau, Terry L. "Integrating curriculum through thematic units for first grade." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1990. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/771.
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Ling, Wai-yu. "Volunteering experience of older volunteers in Group Work Units / Social Welfare Department in Shamshuipo District /." View the Table of Contents & Abstract, 2000. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B36782786.
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Roberts, Barbara Ann. "The social experience for pupils with moderate learning difficulties in units attached to mainstream schools." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/230.
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This study is an investigation of the views of school experience of primary aged pupils `included' within special units for children with moderate learning difficulties (MLD) in one Local Education Authority (LEA) located in the North East of England. The investigation is intended to illuminate aspects of what the author regards as a number of under-researched areas within the current policy context of inclusion. Through interviews with the pupils themselves, teachers and their mainstream peers the author seeks to paint a picture of the social experience of school of the pupils in the units and to evaluate the model of provision in terms of its effectiveness in delivering positive social outcomes for its intended beneficiaries. The author also seeks to account for the nature of social relationships between unit pupils and their mainstream peers, an issue which had been of concern to the researcher herself, a former unit teacher, and her pupils. In case studies of two units, managed in partnership by a special school and two local primary schools, the author explores the views of a group of twelve Key Stage 2 pupils attending the two units. The unit pupils' perspectives of that experience, and in particular of their relationship with mainstream peers, are triangulated against the views of mainstream pupils, unit and mainstream staff and the researcher's observations. A second aspect of the research is the exploration of the social context in which pupils' relationships occur in each of the units. By relating comparative findings on the social contexts to the similarities and differences in outcomes for the two groups of pupils the author seeks to establish a link between the social context and pupils' friendship links with mainstream peers. The author concludes that her findings confirm the hypothesis, supported by the earlier work of Sinclair-Taylor (1994) in her study of a unit in a mainstream secondary school, that the organisational response to the perceived needs of the pupils in the unit creates divisions between them and their mainstream peers and confers low status upon the members of the unit. This, in turn, negatively impacts upon the mainstream pupils' perceptions of unit members as potential friends and leads to their marginalisation. The author goes on to suggest that the particular model established in the two units, bases of the special school within mainstream primary schools, and the separate roles and responsibilities towards the pupils in the unit which developed for the unit and mainstream staff were a contributory factor in the lack of ownership of unit pupils by the mainstream school and their marginalisation. The author maintains that her findings have general implications for those adopting units as vehicles for the development of inclusive practice and for partnership work between special and mainstream schools.
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Chan, Yuk-ying Eugenie. "The lived experience of Hong Kong Chinese mothers with premature infants hospitalized in special care units /." View the Table of Contents & Abstract, 2005. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B31937895.
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Chan, Yuk-ying Eugenie, and 陳玉盈. "The lived experience of Hong Kong Chinese mothers with premature infants hospitalized in special care units." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2005. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B45011618.
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Berglund, Malin, and Frida Nilsson. "Parent’s experiences of feeding their preterm infant in Neonatal Units in Sweden. : Ethnographic design." Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Vårdvetenskap, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-21163.
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Introduction: Studies have shown that having a preterm infant may cause stress and powerlessness for parents. It is important to support parents around the feeding situation, and that the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) has appropriate space and place to help the family to bond to each other. For the healthcare professionals it is important to promote skin-to-skin contact and breastfeeding; particularly for preterm infants. There are many studies on parent’s experiences of NICUs and a few studies on parent’s experiences of feeding their infant in the NICU. Objective: The objective of this study was to explore parents experiences of feeding their infant in the NICU. Design: The study was conducted using an ethnographic design. Results: A global theme of ‘The journey in feeding’ was developed from four organising themes: ‘Ways of infant feeding’; ‘Environmental influences’; ‘Relationships’ and ‘Emotional factors’. These themes illustrate the challenges mothers reported with different methods of feeding. The environment had a big impact on parent’s experiences of infant feeding. Some mothers felt that breastfeeding seemed unnatural because their infant was so tiny but breastfeeding and skin-to-skin contact helped them to bond to their infant. The mothers thought it was difficult to keep up with the milk production by only pumping. Routines were not inviting parents to find their own rhythm. They also felt stressed about the weighing. Healthcare professionals had positive and negative influences on the parents. Conclusions: This study demonstrates that while all parents expressed the wish to breastfeed, their ‘journey in feeding’ was highly influenced by method of feeding, environmental, relational and emotional factors. The general focus upon routines and assessing milk intake generated anxiety and reduced relationality. Midwives and neonatal nurses need to ensure that they emphasise and support the relational aspects of parenting and avoid over-emphasising milk intake and associated progress of the infant<br>Introduktion: Studier har visat att få ett prematurt barn kan orsaka stress och maktlöshet hos föräldrar. Det är viktigt att stödja föräldrarna runt matsituationen av barnet och att neonatalavdelningen har tillräckligt med plats för att hjälpa familjerna att knyta an till varandra. För sjukvårdspersonalen är det viktigt att främja hud-mot-hud och amning, särskilt för tidigt födda spädbarn. Det finns många studier om föräldrars upplevelser om neonatalavdelningar men få studier om föräldrars upplevelser av att mata sitt barn på neonatalavdelning. Syfte: Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka upplevelserna föräldrar hade av att mata sina barn på neonatalavdelning. Design: Studien genomfördes med en etnografisk metod. Resultat: Ett globalt tema av ’Matresan’ utvecklades från fyra olika organisationsteman: ’Olika sätt att mata barnet’, ’Miljöns påverkan’, ’Relationer’ och ’Känslomässiga faktorer’. Dessa teman visar på de olika utmaningar föräldrarna upplevde vid de olika matsituationerna av barnet. Miljön hade en stor inverkan på föräldrarnas upplevelser av matsituationerna hos barnen. En del mammor upplevde amning som onaturligt eftersom deras barn var så små men att amning och hud-mot-hud hjälpte dem att knyta an till deras barn. Mammorna tyckte att det var svårt att hålla igång mjölkproduktionen genom att endast pumpa. Rutinerna på avdelningen hjälpte inte föräldrarna att hitta sin egen rytm. De kände sig även stressade av att väga barnet. Sjukvårdspersonalen hade både positiv och negativ inverkan på föräldrarna. Slutsats: Den här studien visar att trots att alla föräldrar önskade att amma så påverkades matresan av val av mat-metod, miljön, relations- och känslomässiga faktorer. Det generella fokuset på rutiner och intaget av mängden bröstmjölk genererade i ångest och minskade anknytningen. Barnmorskor och neonatalsjuksköterskor måste lägga störst fokus på att stödja
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Geddes, Heather. "Attachment and learning : an investigation into links between maternal attachment experience, reported life events, behaviour causing concern at referral and difficulties in the learning situation." Thesis, University of Surrey, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.484168.
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Fouché, Nicola Anne. "Nurses' lived experience of caring for long-term mechanically ventilated patients in intensive care units : a phenomenological study." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/2947.
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Gomez-Schardein, Diana. "Integrating literature across the first grade curriculum through thematic units." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1992. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/710.
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Dodman, Hilary Frances. "Can PRUs work? : a search for an answer from within a lived experience." Thesis, Brunel University, 2016. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/15278.
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This study draws on theories of punishment (Cavadino and Dignan 2007), leadership (West-Burnham 2013), social rules, (Burns and Machado 2014) and resilience (Fredrikson and Branigan 2005) to develop an understanding of Pupil Referral Units (PRUs). PRUs came into being through statute in 1993. They were set up to provide formal educational settings for young people who had been excluded from school. LEAs have responsibility for the education and welfare of all children in their catchment areas, irrespective of which school they attend. If an exclusion occurs, the LEA is obliged to assume responsibility, under section 19(1) of the 1996 Education Act, for the child's education by whatever means seems appropriate to its designated officers. Placement in a Pupil Referral Unit is a course of action they may pursue. This study sets out to discover through a series of narrative interviews conducted within a Key Stage 4 PRU, whether the multiple purposes of the PRU can be achieved, given the issues that present themselves in the isolated setting of the Unit, the resources available and the complex needs of the young people concerned. Fifteen interviews were conducted within a PRU in the academic year 2011-2012. Four were held with the Head; 11 further interviews involved 12 people; 8 members of staff and 4 pupils. A study of the evidence they provided led to a qualified positive response to the research question; i.e. that PRUs can' work' given a number of factors that are listed in the conclusion.
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Wilcox, Gladys M. "The challenge: Effective learning through whole language, literature, thematic units and the social science framework for third grade." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1991. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/850.
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Robson, Anna Marie. ""Violence and aggression although not acceptable will happen, can happen and does happen" : a study of staffs' experience of violence in child and family services." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/26002.
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Background: Since the 1980’s incidents of workplace violence have been recognised as a serious problem within social care. It has been found to be particularly rife within residential settings and children’s homes in particular have been found to be one of the most violence-prone settings. And yet, there is a lack of literature on the prevalence and psychosocial impact of workplace violence on staff in residential units for looked after and accommodated children (LAAC). Method: Given the limited literature on residential childcare workers a systematic review was conducted on research of violence towards social workers in child and family services to achieve a better understand of violence within child and family social care generally. An empirical study was also conducted with staff of Local Authority residential units within Central Scotland. The aim of the empirical study was to explore staffs’ experience of workplace violence perpetrated by LAAC in residential settings, using the qualitative methodology Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA). Results: The systematic review showed that studies were mostly of medium methodological quality; verbal aggression towards social workers in child and family services was common place; physical violence was comparatively rare; and that all forms of violence impacted on wellbeing and practice. The empirical study had similar findings, but also provided new insights into how staff cope with workplace violence, particularly in the context of young peoples’ life experiences. Conclusion: Violence perpetrated by LAAC in residential units appeared to be lessening and a move towards more behaviour management was aiding staff to better understand the roots of violence. This in turn was found to help staff cope better with the emotional impact of violence. Management need to be mindful of the impact violence has on staff and continue providing training programs to better equip staff to understand violence and support LAAC to manage their aggression.
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Barrett, Alan J. "Sorting out differences between staff and patients : using Q-methodology to examine the understanding, experience, and treatment of symptoms within inpatient mental health units." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.540359.
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Björnholm, Malin, and Sara Yasin. "Erfarenheter av kvinnlig könsstympning och mötet med västerländsk sjukvård : En litteraturstudie." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för hälso- och vårdvetenskap, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-22933.
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Bakgrund: Kvinnlig könsstympning (female genital mutilation [FGM]) berör ca 100 till 140 miljoner kvinnor i världen. Varje år är det ca 3 miljoner flickor mellan åldrarna 0 till 15 år som riskerar att bli könsstympade. Könsstympning förekommer i 26 länder belägna i Afrika, Mellanöstern & Asien. Att könsstympa kvinnor är en sed som är djupt inrotad i den spirituella och kulturella synen. Enligt Svensk lag är all form av könsstympning olagligt och får ej utföras. Syfte: Syftet med denna litteraturstudie var att beskriva kvinnors upplevelse och erfarenheter av att leva med könsstympning samt deras möte med västerländsk sjukvård. Syftet var även att beskriva studiernas undersökningsgrupp i de inkluderade artiklarna. Metod: För att svara på föreliggande studies syfte har författarna gjort en beskrivande litteraturstudie. Litteraturstudien har 11 stycken artiklar som är av kvalitativ ansats, 1st som är av kvantitativ ansats och 3st som är av både kvalitativ och kvantitativ ansats, dessa analyserades objektivt. Databaserna Pubmed och CINAHL användes. Resultat: Kvinnorna i studien förklarar att det är tradition, kultur och en heder gentemot familjen att könsstympas. Känslor som rädsla, oro och skam är upplevelser kvinnorna förklarar vid mötet med västerländsk sjukvård, det kan vara i form av kommunikationsbrist och dåligt bemötande. Kvinnorna anser att det finns för lite kunskap om könsstympning inom västerländsk sjukvård och att detta behöver bli bättre. Positiva erfarenheter som kvinnorna tar upp är att de blev bemötta med respekt och god omvårdnad. Slutsats: Kvinnorna som genomgått könsstympning har både positiva och negativa erfarenheter av att vara könsstympad. Vid mötet med västerländsk sjukvård visar studier att rädsla och oro kan uppstå hos kvinnor som genomgått könsstympning. De positiva erfarenheter kvinnorna hade i mötet med sjukvården var att de kände sig bemötta med respekt av sjukvårdspersonalen som hade goda kunskaper om könsstympning. Genom ökad kunskap hos sjukvårdspersonal kommer kvinnornas oro och rädsla succesivt minska i de länder där könsstympning ej förekommer.<br>Background: FGM (female genital mutilation [FGM]) affects approximately 100 million to 140 million women worldwide. Each year there are about 3 million girls between the ages of 0-15 years who risk being genitally mutilated. Genital mutilation is present in 26 countries located in Africa, the Middle East & Asia. To circumcise women is a practice that is deeply rooted in the spiritual and cultural vision. According to Swedish law, all forms of genital mutilation are illegal and may not be performed. Aim: The purpose of the study was to describe women’s experience and the experience of living with genital mutilation and their encounter with western health care. The purpose was also to describe the studies finding mission in the included articles. Method: In order to answer to the present studies aim, the authors conducted a descriptive literature study. The literature have 11 articles that are of qualitative approach, 1 has the quantitative approach and 3 have both qualitative and quantitative approach, and they were analysed objectively. PubMed and CINAHL were used in this study. Results: The women in the study, explains that it's tradition, culture and an honour to the family being mutilated. Emotions such as fear, anxiety and shame are the experiences the women explained when meeting with western health care, and these feelings are related to the lack of communication and treatment. The women believe that there is too little knowledge about genital mutilation in the western health care and that needs to be better. Positive experience was also where the women are talking about that they were treated with respect and a good nursing care. Conclusion: The women who have undergone genital mutilation has both positive and negative experiences of being circumcised. Studies show that women who undergone female genital mutilation experience fear and anxiety while coming in contact with western health care. The positive experiences women had in the meeting with the western health care was that they felt treated with respect by medical staff who had good knowledge about female genital mutilation. Through increased knowledge among medical staff will the womens worry and fear gradually decrease in the countries where female genital mutilation not occur.
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Johnson, Patricia Lee, and n/a. "Being At Its Most Elusive: The Experience of Long-Term Mechanical Ventilation in a Critical Care Unit." Griffith University. School of Nursing, 2003. http://www4.gu.edu.au:8080/adt-root/public/adt-QGU20030926.154232.
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This research study explored the meanings former patients attributed to being on long-term mechanical ventilation in a critical care unit (CCU). An interpretive phenomenological-ontological perspective informed by the philosophical tenets of Heidegger (1927/1962) was used to examine the lived experience of a group of people who had previously been hospitalised in one of three critical care units in southeast Queensland, Australia, during which time they were on a mechanical ventilator for a period of seven days or more. Data were collected using 14 unstructured audio-taped interviews from participants, who had indicated that they were willing and able to recall aspects of their critical care experience. The data were analysed using the method developed by van Manen (1990). A total of nine people participated in the study, of which six were male and three female. Their ages ranged from 21 to 69 years. Thematic analysis of the data revealed four themes: Being thrown into an uneveryday world; Existing in an uneveryday world; Reclaiming the everyday world; and Reframing the experience. Throughout the description of these themes, excerpts from the interviews with the participants are provided to demonstrate, and bring to light the meaning and interpretations constructed. From this thematic analysis, a phenomenological description drawing on Heidegger's tenets of Being was constructed. Titled Being at its most elusive, this description showed that participants experienced momentary lapses of: situation, engagement, concern and care, temporality, and the ability to self-interpret. These findings highlight and affirm the relevance of Heidegger's ontological tenets to reveal Being. The findings of this study served as a basis for a number of recommendations relating to nursing practice, education and research. Recommendations relating to practice include: constructing a more patient-friendly critical care environment, increased involvement of patients and their families in decision making and patient care activities; ensuring adequate critical care nursing staff levels; ensuring and maintaining appropriate skill level of critical care nurses; enhancing methods of communication with patients; planning for effective patient discharge and adoption of a designated nurse position for discharge planning; providing opportunities for follow up contact of patients once they are discharged from CCU; and promoting the establishment of follow up services for former CCU patients, and their families. Recommendations relating to critical care education include: incorporating more in-depth information of the psychological and social aspects of patient and family care into care planning; incorporating communication and counselling education and training to assist nurses caring for mechanically ventilated patients, and their families; further education regarding the role and responsibilities of patient discharge planning from CCU; incorporating more advanced research skills training and utilisation of research findings into practice; and the provision of appropriate and ongoing training and education in areas such as manual handling and communication skills for all health care staff involved in the direct care of CCU patients. This study also recommended that further research be undertaken to: examine and compare different sedative and analgesic protocols and their effects on the incidence of nightmares and hallucinations reported by CCU patients; replicate this study in a group of patients from different cultural or ethnic backgrounds; evaluate the efficacy of current methods for communicating with intubated and mechanically ventilated patients in the CCU; develop, test and evaluate the efficacy of new methods for communicating with intubated and mechanically ventilated patients in the CCU; examine CCU patients' perceived level of control and power; explore the extent and type of involvement patients would like to have in their care whilst in the CCU; investigate the extent and type of problems experienced by CCU patients after discharge; explore the usefulness and appropriateness of personal diaries for individual patients as an aid to assist in understanding and resolving their CCU experience; and examine the value of follow up contacts by CCU staff to former patients and their families. In summary, the findings from this study add substantial knowledge to critical care nurses' understanding and knowledge about what it means to be on long-term mechanical ventilation in a critical care unit. Findings will help inform future critical care nursing practice and education, and the provision of holistic and evidenced-based care.
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Gerrbo, Olivia. "A customized headrest for shampoo units : A study to improve the neck position during hair wash at the salon, for a more comfortable and safer experience." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Fakulteten för hälsa, natur- och teknikvetenskap (from 2013), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-67977.
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A bachelor thesis conducted over the spring term of 2018, the final exam of the Innovation and Design Engineering program at Karlstad University. The contractor of this thesis project was Parfum Lombard AB in Svedala, Sweden, a market leading within the hairdressing equipment industry in Sweden. They provide a high level of innovation and product development to improve its assortment. The project of this thesis will focus on the frequent used shampoo units at the hair salons in particular. The shampoo units will be analyzed from an ergonomic point of view, because the current sitting position can cause discomfort and pain for customers with neck problems. Today, neck and back pain are amongst the most common chronic pains issues, which requires further development of this type of equipment in order to make it more suited for the end-user. The chosen target group for the project are people with neck-related disabilities as the starting point for formulating the design problem and developing the solution. The main objective of the project is to develop a concept that offers the customer a more ergonomic position, while washing the hair at the salon. By following a user-centered product development process, the problem will be addressed in the following parts: Pre-study, product specification, idea generation, concept development and finally construction in the layout design phase. The product specification forms a key part, which as a dynamic document links together both customers, clients and professionals perspective of the issue, and underlines the final concept selection. Key findings: To improve the current washing position the sharp angle between the upper body and the head needs to be reduced. That could be solved in two ways; The backboard of the upper body leans back even further to accomplish a more recumbent position or by an additional support to the neck in order to gain a more up-right position. The last mentioned, which also represent the final concept ensures that not only the neck is supported but also the head. This means that the heavy load that the head’s own weight previously caused has now been drastically reduced. The presented concept in the report differs from the similar existing product by its support surface. It provides a wider support area to the customer’s neck and head. With a slim design that only depends on a few centimeters of the basin´s geometry, the chances of matching as many models of shampoo units as possible increases. The developed concept are presented in both CAD- and mock-up models.
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Rydningen, Lene Christin. "Medicine Management and Administration : How might we improve patient safety through medicine management and administration in inpatient care units in somatic hospitals in Sweden and Norway?" Thesis, Umeå universitet, Designhögskolan vid Umeå universitet, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-152356.
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<p><strong>Introduction</strong></p><p>This thesis explores how we can increase patient safety through medicine management and administration in inpatient care units in somatic hospitals in Sweden and Norway by combining tools and systems which allows nurses to work safely, precicely, and efficiently whenever they are managing or administering medication to patients. </p><p></p><p><strong>Background</strong></p><p>Nurses have the formal, academic, and moral responsibility in medicine management and administration in hospitals (1). The nurse must ensure that the medication is given to the correct patient, that it is the correct kind of medication, correct form, correct strength, correct dose, correct administration method, and that it is given at the correct time (1). Regardless of these 7 points of control, adverse drug events still happen.</p><p></p><p><strong>Methodology</strong> </p><p>Through a human centered design approach this thesis explores design challenges and opportunities to how we can improve the medicine managment and administration process within somatic hospitals in Sweden and Norway.</p><p></p><p></p><p><strong>Result</strong></p><p>The final design proposal, Memo, suggests an ecosystem which make all medication traceable by incorporating a closed loop medicine management approach, making information accessible and consistent across digital and physical platforms, and having a precise, accessible, and informative electronic medicine list. Memo eliminates risks of medicine errors by designing barriers within the system which make it harder for the nurse to make an error. The aim is to increase patient safety.</p><p>Memo is developed together with nurses and pharmacists from 3 different hospitals in Sweden and Norway.</p>
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Eklund, Jobe Fama, and Anna-Lena Netzel. "Patientens upplevda sårbarhet och kommunikationens betydelse när denne vårdas vaken i respirator." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för folkhälso- och vårdvetenskap, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-295524.
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Bakgrund: Människans sårbarhet är särskilt utsatt då man drabbats av en sjukdom som kan kräva intensivvård, där det handlar om att överleva. Kommunikation är ett av de mest grundläggande mänskliga verktyg som vi använder oss av, dessutom handlar kommunikationen om mer än endast den verbala kommunikationen. Syftet med kommunikationen är att lära känna patienten och utforska och tillgodose dennes behov. Syfte: Syftet med studien var att beskriva kommunikationens betydelse för patientens upplevda sårbarhet, när denna vårdas vaken i respirator på intensivvårdsavdelning. Metod: Litteraturstudie där 15 kvalitativa artiklar granskades. Resultat: Tre teman framkom. Sårbarhet orsakad av beroendet av vårdpersonal och brist på kontroll i intensivvårdsmiljö, anhörigas betydelse för att lindra sårbarheten och kommunikationens betydelse för patientens upplevda sårbarhet. Slutsats: Trots tidigare teoretiker, etiska koder, värdegrunder, lagar och forskning om korrekt bemötande prioriteras inte bemötandet med patienten och är ett fortsatt problem. Det finns ett samband mellan att vistas i en intensivvårdsmiljö, bristen på återhämtning, förlorad sekretess och symtom som ångest, stress, panik och rädsla. Minst forskning verkar göras på den patientgrupp som är allra mest sårbar, patienter som vårdas i ett land, där de inte behärskar språket eller har det aktuella språket som modersmål. När patienten känner sig trygg förbättras kommunikationen och sårbarheten lindras.<br>Background: A humans vulnerability is particularly exposed when dealing with an illness in need of intensive care, when the focus is to survive. Communication is one of the most essential human tools that we can use in interaction with others. Communication is more than just a verbal way of expressing oneself. The aim with the communication is to get to know the patient and explore his or her needs to be able to fulfill them. Aim: the purpose with this study was to describe the importance of communication for a patients feeling of vulnerability, when cared for in ICU and awake on a respirator. Method: Literature study, where 15 qualitative articles was reviewed. Results: three themes developed. The vulnerability caused by dependence on medical staff and lack of control in the critical care environment, next of kins importance to minimize the patients vulnerability and the importance of communication for the patient's perceived vulnerability. Conclusion: although earlier theorist, ethical codes, values, laws and research, about the correct treatment exist, are the meeting with the patient often not prioritized and therefore remain a concern. There is a clear connection between the ICU environment, lack of recovery, loss of dignity, and symptoms as anxiety, stress, panic and fear. It seems that the least research is done on the patient groups that are the most vulnerable, patients receiving care in a country where they do not speak the language or have that language as their mother tongue. The communication improves and vulnerability eases when the patient feel safe.
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Akwei, Adotei. "Colonialism and the Organization of African Unity: The Effect of the Colonial Experience on African Attempts to Unite." W&M ScholarWorks, 1987. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539625402.
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Crutchfield, Stuart. "The phenomenal unity of perceptual experience." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2011. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/2951/.
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Abstract: This thesis is concerned with phenomenal unity, a salient and important feature of our conscious lives, albeit one which has gone somewhat under-explained. My focus will on the phenomenal unity of perceptual experiences at a time, which is best illustrated by the following kind of example: whilst walking through the park, you notice a particular tree, whose foliage and bark have a particularly intense hue and strange texture. At the same time, there is a strong scent in the air, and you can feel the heat of the sun on your arms. Alongside this, birds are calling loudly… whilst undergoing all these different perceptual experiences, it strikes you that although these experiences correspond to different senses, they seem to be tied together in some important way: there is a unity to your overall perceptual experience at this time. Even in this mundane case, there are various ways in which my experiences are unified: the various properties of the objects that I represent via vision and touch are unified in the sense that they seem to inhere in the same object (and so are object unified), the various objects that I am seeing and touching all seem to me to be located in the same space (and so are spatially unified), and further, I can jointly attend to several of these experiences together at will (and so these experiences are introspectively unified). Over and above this however, we might think there is a distinct other kind of unity. This is a unity of phenomenology, the subjective character of perceptual experience. There is something it is like for me to hear the birds calling, and there is something it is like for me to see the leaves on the tree. But there is also currently something it is like for me to hear the birds and see the foliage, together. Further, this togetherness is such that it is an integral part of my current experience. This final kind of unity is phenomenal unity, and providing a full description and explanation of this phenomenon will be my task in this thesis. In doing this I will address the following two questions: ‘what is phenomenal unity?’ and ‘how should we explain phenomenal unity?’. I will show that phenomenal unity is best thought of as a relation that holds between token perceptual experiences, answering the first question, and in answering the second question, will consider various reductive and non-reductive explanations of phenomenal unity, before arguing that we should explain phenomenal unity in terms of the unified states being the potential parts of the same overall phenomenal state.
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Riedel, Lori J. "Administrators' Experiences Implementing Veterans Housing Units in U.S. Correctional Institutions." ScholarWorks, 2020. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/7953.
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There is a higher rate of recidivism for U.S. veterans compared to the general population of offenders. To address the unique needs of veterans, separate housing units for veterans (VSUs) are now operating within correctional facilities in 29 U.S. states. Despite reports that VSUs are having a positive impact on recidivism, little is known of the experiences of correctional administrators who have implemented a VSU. The purpose of this qualitative phenomenological study was to explore the lived experiences of several individuals who have implemented a VSU in their correctional facility. Guided by the quality implementation framework (QIF), data collected through semistructured interviews conducted with 7 U.S. correctional administrators were analyzed by reducing the information to significant statements, when combined into themes provided a descriptive analysis. Results from this study affirm that implementing a VSU is a feasible option for many correctional administrators with the desire to address the needs of veteran offenders. Key findings indicate most steps taken to implement a VSU align with quality implementation. Additional results indicate that presently there may be less consideration for VSU implementation processes associated with quality in the areas of ensuring staff training to work with the veterans, and in conducting process evaluations including outcomes tracking. VSUs have a profound and nearly immediate, effect on veteran inmate behaviors and reducing recidivism. This examination of the phenomenon of VSU implementation may offer implementers with evidenced-based practices to advance understanding of VSU implementation in the future, ultimately to benefit veteran offenders and the communities in which they reintegrate.
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Gous, Marianne. "Exploring the experiences of adult female rape survivors in the emergency care environment." Diss., Pretoria [s.n.], 2009. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-10262009-194829/.
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Rowe, Rachel E. "Transfer from midwifery unit to obstetric unit during labour : rates, process and women's experience." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2011. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:bc7776ef-1e6e-46d0-9fa7-c62e653920b3.
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Background Midwifery units (MUs) provide midwife-led care for women at low risk of complications. They may be located on the same site as an obstetric unit (OU), in a hospital without obstetric services or separate from any hospital. In MUs, if unforeseen complications arise, transfer to an OU may be necessary. Aim To provide evidence to contribute to the improvement of the transfer process, help make transfer safer and less distressing for women, thereby improving the care and experience of women planning to give birth in MUs. Methods A structured literature review of existing evidence was followed by three integrated component studies using different methods. The content and quality of local NHS transfer guidelines were evaluated. Data from the Birthplace national prospective cohort study were analysed to estimate transfer rates, describe the transfer process and identify factors associated with transfer. The experiences of women transferred were explored in qualitative interviews. Findings Transfer is a common event, affecting around 25% of women planning birth in MUs, although rates in different units vary. Primiparous women are more likely to be transferred than women having a second or subsequent baby. The risk of transfer for primiparous women increases with increasing age; around 50% of women having their first baby aged 40 years or over are transferred. Local NHS transfer guidelines are generally of poor quality and pay little attention to women’s experience. Women interviewed after transfer report feeling unprepared for transfer. Sensitive care and clear communication from midwives during labour facilitate feelings of control in women and help women accept transfer as the right decision and not a 'negative' event. Transfer that is perceived by women as “too late” can have potentially serious and long-lasting negative effects. Women’s experience of the transfer journey could be improved by the offer of choice in a number of areas which would help women feel 'cared for' rather than 'transported'. Having the MU midwife continue to care for the woman after transfer should be considered 'best practice'; where this is not possible a good handover is essential. Women who have experienced transfer should be offered the opportunity to talk to a midwife about their experience.
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Ezennaya, Chidiogo. "Critical care Nurses Experiences of Taking Reports of Patients From Other Units." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Akademin för vård, arbetsliv och välfärd, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-21489.
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The critical care unit (CCU) is a unit where different health care professionals work together to care for the patient efficiently. A lot of studies in the past have shown that good communication and transfer of information from one health care professional to the other is an essential aspect in the transfer of a patients care. Most of these studies are concentrated on the reporter or informant. Lapses in communication and information transfer could result in unnecessary suffering both for the patient and for the health care worker. There are very few studies on how well the recipient of the information or report understands or comprehends the information passed. The aim of this study was to illuminate the critical care nurses (CCN) experiences of receiving report of patients transferred from other units. A qualitative design was chosen and five CCNs in a particular CCU were interviewed. The analysis was done using the content analysis method. The analysis resulted in four main categories which are: The patient’s situation-a determinant factor, the work environment, communication deficit creates uncertainty and structure enhances report and ten subcategories. The findings showed that CCNs' experience a feeling of uncertainty as a result of lapses in communication and their work environment and its attendant distractions has a great influence on the quality of the report they receive. To ensure a good quality of care that promotes patient’s safety and job satisfaction, it would be necessary to address the factors that hinder effective communication during handover in nurses' education programs and clinical practices.
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Clifford, Ilzé. "The lived experiences of professional nurses with regards to end-of-life issues in the Intensive Care Unit." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1018572.
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Professional nurses working in an intensive care unit (ICU) are faced with the death of critically ill patients frequently. Modern day medicine and technology have made it possible for advanced life-sustaining measures to be implemented on patients who, without medical intervention, would otherwise not have survived. The question is raised: is modern technology preserving life and prolonging the dying process, or is it in the best interest of the patient for treatment to be withdrawn? Nurses, caring for these patients and their families, are practicing at the bedside of these dying patients and are thus often faced with end-of-life issues, particularly withdrawal of treatment. The primary functions of critical care nurses are toward their patients. Physicians are responsible for making decisions regarding withdrawal of treatment. However, the nurses in the ICU are responsible for implementing the decisions made; sometimes contradicting what they believe in. The experience of end-of-life issues, namely withdrawal of treatment, is a cause of distress for the professional nurse. Little research has been done on how the ICU nurses deal with end-of-life issues and what support structures are required to assist nurses in dealing with end-of-life issues (Hov, Hedelin & Athlin, 2006:204) The objectives of the study were to explore and describe the professional nurses‟ lived experiences of end-of-life issues in the intensive care unit. The study aimed to make recommendations regarding support strategies to assist professional nurses in dealing with end-of-life issues in the intensive care unit. The researcher has selected a qualitative research approach with an explorative, descriptive and contextual design in order to conduct the study. Data was collected by means of semi-structured interviews. Data was analysed using the steps as illustrated by Tesch‟s method. Ethical principles were maintained throughout the research study. The findings of this study are to be presented in a journal publication.
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Ratner, Steven Richard. "The new peacekeeping : nation-building after the Cold War and the Cambodia experience /." Genève : S. R. Ratner, 1993. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb35700542k.
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Sartori, Penny. "A prospective study to investigate the incidence and phenomenology of near-death experiences in a Welsh intensive therapy unit." Thesis, University of Wales Trinity Saint David, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.683325.
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Chacko, Mary Laly. "Orientation of Nurses Transitioning into Hospital Specialty Units." ScholarWorks, 2016. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/2399.
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Competency-based nurse orientation programs focus on the new nursing graduate and experienced nurse employees' ability to perform skills necessary in a new work setting. The purpose of this project was to develop a learner-focused and competency-based orientation program for new nursing employees at a large urban hospital to enhance patient safety and nurse retention. The Johns Hopkins nursing evidence-based practice model and guideline were used in the selection of articles with higher levels of evidence and research quality for the critical appraisal of literature in support of the program development. The best practices for nursing orientation content and delivery for positive effects on hospital finances, nurse turnover rates, and patient safety were the focus of the literature review. Benner's model of 5 levels of skill development was the theoretical framework for advancing skills of nurses who enter the orientation program with different expertise and skill sets. Nurse orientation materials and processes, comprising a collaborative team approach to orientation and a guideline for preceptor selection, were developed as the essential components for successful orientation at the project hospital. A nursing orientation based on the evidence may provide an infrastructure and operational process for the organization in developing the competencies of all levels of nurses, including experienced nurses transitioning to new units or duties. The social change resulting from the project will be a supportive and seamless transition of nurses into the new practice role and work environment. When implemented, this project is anticipated to increase nurse satisfaction, improve quality of health care delivery, decrease anxiety related to the new nursing role, and improve collegiality among all levels of nurses.
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Raghubir, Angelina. "A Thematic Analysis of Nurses’ Experiences with Open Visiting Hours on Medical Units." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/39169.
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Aim: To describe medical nurses’ experiences caring for patients and families within an environment with open visiting hours (OVH).
Background: OVH is an approach where families and friends can visit patients without restrictions. OVH is a strategy used by hospitals to promote patient-and-family-centered care (PFCC). In an OVH environment, the increased presence of family can alter nurses’ working environments. However, research examining nurses’ perspectives on OVH is limited. As OVH becomes more widely implemented, it is essential to understand the influence of OVH on the nurse.
Design: A qualitative descriptive approach was used.
Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 10 registered nurses on two medical units in a large urban Canadian hospital. Thematic analysis was used to analyze the data inductively. Strategies were used to enhance rigour.
Results: Four main themes resulted which described participants’ experiences with OVH as they related to the processes and philosophy of OVH, the care of patients and family, and the influence families had on patient care and nurses working environments. An overarching theme of Reliance and Resistance reflected participants’ mixed feelings toward OVH. While OVH facilitated PFCC and alleviated nurses’ work, at times it also hindered opportunities for nurses to get to know patients and added to their work. Further, increased family presence created challenges related to space, overcrowding, increased noise levels, and created concerns about safety.
Conclusion: The findings add to an understanding of the clinical realities of OVH from the perspectives of medical nurses, and the potential implications for PFCC and nurses’ working environment.
Relevance to clinical practice: OVH creates an environment to foster PFCC. However, nurses may benefit from training to facilitate communication and engagement with families. Organizations who wish to implement OVH should consider how contextual factors may influence nurses’ environments and their practice.
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Lafrance, Josee. "Mother-baby togetherness: A survey of women's postpartum experiences in four maternity units." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/26506.
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Purpose. To describe women's postpartum experiences with mother-baby togetherness in hospital, and the concordance of their experiences with the recommendations from Health Canada (2000a) on family-centred maternity and newborn care (FCMNC).
Design. Descriptive study based on secondary analysis of a telephone survey conducted at one week and six weeks postnatally. Five elements reported by women were examined: the timing of first physical contact, physical proximity during the first few hours, transfer together to postnatal unit, rooming-in, and combined mother-baby care.
Setting. Four maternity units in Ottawa (Ontario, Canada) including two level I units, one level II and one level III unit. A proportionate sample was drawn from each unit. The overall response rate to both interviews was 88.3%.
Participants. Women (N = 552) who returned home with their babies within the first postnatal week, between October 2000 and March 2001.
Findings. While in hospital, 95.8% of mothers and babies were separated. Combined care was reported by 84.7% of women and rooming-in by only 33.9% of women. Only 8.8% of women experienced all five FCMNC recommended practices. Practices varied between the units (p < .001). Women who had a caesarean birth were more likely to be separated from their infants than those who had a vaginal birth. Routine procedures performed in the nursery was the most frequently reported reason (55.8%) for the first separation of mothers and babies.
Conclusion. Few women reported receiving care based on the FCMNC recommendations about mother-baby togetherness. Hospital practices varied considerably. It is recommended that healthy newborns receive care at their mothers' bedside. Further research is recommended to study the relationship between unit policy, actual practices, nurses' beliefs and women's preferences about the elements of mother-baby togetherness.
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Sischy, D. "Young people's experiences of relationships with staff and peers in adolescent inpatient units." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2006. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1445090/.
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This thesis comprises three parts. Part one is an overview and critique of the literature examining whether adolescent inpatient units are beneficial for young people. Part two presents the qualitative empirical paper, which explores young people's experiences of relationships with staff and peers on adolescent units. Finally, part three of the thesis will be presented and consists of a critical appraisal and reflection of the research process. This will involve discussing the challenges and dilemmas which arose when designing, conducting and writing up the research.
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Gibson, Rachel Purthenia. "Identity and hospitalisation in a secure unit : patient experiences." Thesis, University of Hertfordshire, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.427521.
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Molin, Bénédicte. "Elements d'economie des reseaux "hub-and-spokes" aeriens. Experience americaine, perspectives europeennes." Lyon 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997LYO22014.
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Apres la dereglementation du transport aerien domestique aux etats-unis, les compagnies americaines ont restructure leur exploitation en reseau hub-and-spokes. La logique economique au fondement de cette configuration tient aussi bien aux economies d'echelle et d'envergure presentes dans le transport aerien, qu'au jeu concurrentiel entre les compagnies. La liberalisation du transport aerien intra-europeen requiert la comprehension de ces mecanismes : les reseaux hub-and-spokes peuvent-ils se developper a un niveau intra-europeen, et constituer une structure d'exploitation aussi robuste qu'aux etats-unis ? les compagnies nationales europeennes sont deja basees sur des "hubs naturels", dont le fonctionnement s'apparente plus ou moins a celui des hubs americains. Par ailleurs, l'evolution en cours semble favoriser l'hypothese d'un developpement du hubbing en europe. Un modele de duopole est construit pour tester cette hypothese. Il se presente comme un jeu a deux etapes, en qualite de desserte et en prix, chaque sous-jeu etant en information complete mais imparfaite. Ses resultats donnent les conditions auxquelles un reseau hub-and-spokes serait viable. Ainsi les reseaux hub-and-spokes ne peuvent emerger comme configuration generalisee d'equilibre que si, sur certains marches, l'equilibre est en strategies mixtes. Cette conclusion supporte deux interpretations alternatives mais complementaires. Soit une telle morphologie est par nature instable, soit elle constitue une des meilleures reponses concurrentielles pour chaque firme en presence d'incertitude sur le choix de sa concurrente. Le manque de statistiques empeche l'application du modele a l'europe. Une confrontation a l'observation disponible a neanmoins ete effectuee. Elle teste la pertinence du modele en usant du critere popperien de falsifiabilite. Elle utilise aussi le modele pour apprecier qualitativement les perspectives europeennes en matiere de configuration de reseau<br>After domestic air transportation was deregulated in the united states, the american air carriers have turned their networks into hub-and-spoke systems. The american case study reveals that the economic mechanisms at the basis of such systems are the scale and scope economies typical of air transport, as well as the competition between the airlines. The liberalisation of intra-european air transport requires the full understanding of these mechanisms : are intra-european hub-and-spoke networks liable to develop and be as strong a configuration as it is in the usa? all the european national air carriers are already based at a "natural hub", but the operations there do not always look like those at the american hubs. On the other hand, the current evolution seems to favour the hypothesis of the growth of hubbing within europe. A duopoly model is built to test this hypothesis. It is a two-stage game, in routing pattern and price, each sub-game being of complete but imperfect information. It produces conditions, in terms of origin-destination traffic and market length, at which a hub-and-spoke network should be economically viable. These conditions also show that such networks are liable to constitute a generalised configuration at equilibrium only if the equilibrium on some markets is a mixed-strategy equilibrium. This result can be interpreted in two different but complementary ways. This configuration may either be fundamentally unstable, or it can be one of the best replies of each firm when faced with uncertainty about its rival's choice. The lack of adequate statistics prevents any application of the model to europe. Its results have nevertheless been compared with the available data. Owing to this comparison, the relevance of the model has been tested, using popper's criterion of falsifiability. The model was also used as a framework in which the european perspectives of future network configurations have been qualitatively appreciated
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Thome, Alexander. "Experience-Dependent Network Modification in the Medial Temporal Lobe." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/223358.
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Theoretical models of information storage in the brain have suggested that neurons may undergo an experience-dependent tuning or sharpening of their representations in order to maximize the amount of information that can be stored. Changes in the tuning profiles of neurons have been demonstrated to occur when animals must learn perceptual discriminations, however, whether similar changes occur in the absence of behavioral demands is unclear. To address these questions, the activity of simultaneously recorded medial temporal lobe (MTL) neurons was studied in relation to a passive visual recognition memory task. The structure of this task was such that it allowed for a comparison between novelty related responses as well as tuning properties of individual neurons. A total of 565 well isolated single neurons were recorded. The first contribution of this dissertation is the finding of a dissociation between different medial temporal lobe regions such that neurons in temporal area F (TF), but not perirhinal cortex (PRC) or the hippocampus, show an experience-dependent change in their stimulus selectivity. This finding indicates that tuning of stimulus representations may be an effective mechanism for maximizing information storage in some brain regions. The absence of stimulus tuning in higher level association regions (i.e. TF and PRC) suggests that tuning in these regions may be disadvantageous due to the need to construct unified representations across sensory modalities. A complimentary question to the question of network storage capacity is how networks avoid saturation in the connections between neurons. The second contribution of this dissertation is the finding that there exists a decrease in the magnitude of the short time scale correlations between pairs of neurons; suggesting that networks reduce the number of connections between neurons as a stimulus becomes familiar. Gamma oscillations have been proposed to be the mechanism by which groups of neurons coordinate their activity. However, network coordination has only been indirectly measured. The final contribution of this dissertation is the finding that the magnitude of gamma oscillations is strongly correlated with enhanced magnitude of correlations between neurons.
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Mallory, Caitlin Brook. "Critical Care Nurses' Experiences of Family Behaviors as Obstacles in End-of-Life Care." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2017. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/6903.
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Background: Critical care nurses (CCNs) frequently provide end-of-life care for critically ill patients. CCNs may face many obstacles while trying to provide quality EOL care. Some research focusing on obstacles CCNs face while trying to provide quality EOL care has been published; however, research focusing on family behavior obstacles is limited. Research focusing on family behavior as an EOL care obstacle may provide additional insight and improvement in care. Objective: What are the predominant themes noted when CCNs share their experiences of common obstacles, relating to families in providing EOL care? Methods: A random geographically dispersed sample of 2,000 members of the American Association of Critical-Care Nurses was surveyed. Responses from a qualitative question on the questionnaire were analyzed. Results: Sixty-seven EOL obstacle experiences surrounding issues with families' behavior were analyzed for this study. Experiences were categorized into 8 themes. Top three common obstacle experiences included families in denial, families going against patient wishes and advance directives, and families directing care which negatively impacted patients. Conclusions: In overcoming EOL obstacles, it may be beneficial to have proactive family meetings to align treatment goals and to involve palliative care earlier in the ICU stay.
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Wonkeryor, Edward Lama. "The effects of United States' political communication and the Liberian experience, 1960-1990 : an Afrocentric analysis /." Lewiston (N.Y.) : Edwin Mellen Press, 1997. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb389369388.
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Lindahl, Rasmus. "Healing, knowledge and transcendental experiences of unity : Motivations and experiences of shamanism and entheogens in the Andes." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Sociologiska institutionen, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-126844.
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This study examines motivations and experiences of shamanism and entheogens in the Andesfrom the perspective of the participants of entheogenic ceremonies. The results suggest thatemotional healing, pursuit of knowledge, need for connection and transcendence are prevalentmotivators of the participants. Further the results indicate that emotional healing is achievedthrough acquiring knowledge about the self and significant others, and the need for connection ismet through transcendental experiences of unity. Moreover, accounts of “deprogramming”properties of the entheogens is perceived to aid in the process of self-realization which in turncould result in fundamental life changes if the new knowledge obtained is applied.
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Steedman, Wendy Kate. "Stress experienced by parents from the neonatal intensive care unit." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Psychology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/2781.
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The psychometric properties of this Parental Stressor Scale: Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (PSS:NICU) were assessed, before using the scale to describe stress experienced by parents in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU). The extent to which parental stress from the parent-infant relationship in the unit was linked to parenting they received as a child, and adjustment to their couple relationship, was also examined. The sample consisted of 182 mothers and 183 fathers, who were in a cohabitating relationship, of infants from the NICU at Christchurch Women's Hospital. The self-report questionnaires included the PSS:NICU, Parental Bonding Instrument, and the Dyadic Adjustment Scale, and were administered to parents within 2-3 weeks of their infant's birth. This study extends the finding of satisfactory psychometric properties of the PSS:NICU (Franck, Cox, Allen & Winter, 2005; Miles, Funk & Carlson, 1993; Reid & Bramwell, 2003) to this New Zealand sample. Mothers experienced significantly higher stress from the unit compared to fathers (p < .01). A previous finding, for mothers, of the parent-infant relationship being the most stressful aspect of the unit (Franck et al., 2005; Reid & Bramwell, 2003; Shields-Poe & Pinelli, 1997) extends to the New Zealand sample. The most stressful aspect of the unit for fathers was sights and sounds. Lack of evidence was found for associations between parental stress from the parent-infant relationship in the unit and parenting received as a child, or adjustment to their couple relationship. A weak but significant negative correlation was, however, found between stress from the mother-infant relationship and maternal care received in childhood. It is unnecessary to provide all parents with intervention further to what is already being practiced in the unit, as overall low levels of stress were reported. Some parents, however, did find the unit more stressful, and they may benefit from increased intervention.
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Hill, Hayley. "The experiences of adults with a learning disability in specialist inpatient assessment and treatment units." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2012. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/37094/.
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UK Government policy advocates that as far as possible, adults with a learning disability should be supported within mainstream community settings (Department of Health, 1993; 2001; 2007). However, for individuals who present with mental health problems or exceptional challenging behaviour, admission to a specialist inpatient unit is sometimes necessary. Despite a growing body of literature exploring service users’ views of community and healthcare services, research exploring their views and experiences of inpatient admission remains limited. The aim of the current study was to address this gap in the literature by conducting a qualitative exploration of service users’ experiences in specialist inpatient assessment and treatment units. The study employed a Grounded Theory methodology to obtain multiple perspectives on service users’ experiences, using semi-structured interviews with service users, carers and staff members. Verbatim interview transcripts were analysed in line with the Grounded Theory approach to develop a rich and in-depth understanding of service users’ experiences. From the data analysed, five core concepts were constructed which provided a theoretical model for understanding service users’ experiences of admission. This model proposes that service users’ experiences can be understood in relation to procedural aspects of ‘the course of admission’ as well as the psychological processes ‘sense of self and connectedness’, ‘sense of agency’ and ‘creating safety and protection’ which contribute to the construction of ‘understanding and meaning’. Findings are considered in relation to the existing literature and social constructionist, systemic and attachment theories. Clinical and service development implications from the research findings highlight the need for inpatient staff to consider the impact of psychosocial factors and processes on service users’ experiences, as well as the procedural aspects of admission. Recommendations are also made for maintaining family involvement, creating a context in which shared understandings between staff, carers and service users can be constructed, and developing links with community services.
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Joubert, Ronel. "Factors influencing the degree of burnout experienced by nurses working in neonatal intensive care units." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/20217.
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Thesis (MCur)--Stellenbosch University, 2012.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Burnout is one of the challenges that nurses are faced with in their stressful and rapidly
changing work environment. The vulnerability of nurses to burnout remains a major concern
which affects both the individual and institution.
Knowledge about burnout and associated risk factors which influence the development of
burnout is vital for early recognition and intervention.
The research question which guided this study was: “What are the factors influencing the
degree of burnout experienced by nurses working in neonatal intensive care units?”
The objectives included determining which physical, psychological, social and occupational
factors influenced the degree of burnout experienced by nurses.
A descriptive, explorative research design with a quantitative approach was applied. The
target population consisted of (n=105) permanent nursing staff members working in the
neonatal units of two different hospitals. A convenience sampling method was used.
Participants (n=102) who gave voluntary consent to participate was included in the study.
Validity and reliability was supported through the use of a validated questionnaire, Maslach
Burnout Inventory – General Survey including a section based on demographical information
and a section based on physical, psychosocial, social and occupational factors. Validity of
the questionnaire was supported by the use of a research methodologist, nurse expert and a
statistician in the particular field. A pilot study was done to test the feasibility of the study
and to test the questionnaire for any errors and ambiguities.
Ethics approval was obtained from Stellenbosch University and permission from the Heads
of the hospitals where the study was conducted. The data was analyzed with the assistance
of a statistician and these are presented in histograms, tables and frequencies. The
relationship between response variables and nominal input variables was analysed using
analysis of variance (ANOVA). Various statistical tests were applied to determine statistical
associations between variables such as the Spearman test, using a 95% confidence interval.
Results have shown that participants experienced an average level of emotional exhaustion,
a high level of professional efficacy and a low level of cynicism. Further analyses have shown that there is a statistical significant difference between
emotional exhaustion and the rank of the participant (p=<0.01), highest qualification (p=0.05)
and a high workload (p=0.01). Furthermore a statistical significant difference was found
between professional efficacy and rank of participants (p=<0.01). In addition a statistical
significant difference was found between cynicism and the number of years participants
were in the profession (p=0.05).
Multiple factors were determined in this study that influences the degree of burnout nurses
experience. The majority of participants (n=56/55%) experienced decreased job satisfaction
and accomplishment, (n=52/51%) of participants experienced that their workload is too much
for them and (n=63/62%) participants received no recognition for their work.
Recommendations are based on preventative measures, because preventing burnout is
easier and more cost-effective than resolving burnout once it has occurred.
In conclusion, the prevention strategies, early recognition of work stress and appropriate
interventions are crucial in addressing the problem of burnout.<br>AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Uitbranding is een van die uitdagings waarmee verpleegsters te kampe het in hulle
stresvolle en vinnig veranderende werkomgewing. Die kwesbaarheid van verpleegsters vir
uitbranding bly ’n kritieke bekommernis wat beide die individu en die inrigting affekteer.
Kennis omtrent uitbranding en verwante risiko faktore wat die ontwikkeling van uitbranding
beïnvloed, is deurslaggewend vir vroeë opsporing en intervensie.
Die navorsingsvraag wat hierdie studie gelei het, is: “Wat is die faktore wat die mate van
uitbranding beïnvloed wat deur verpleegsters ondervind word wat in neonatale intensiewe
sorgeenhede werk?”
Die doelwitte wat ingesluit is, is om te bepaal watter fisiese, sielkundige, maatskaplike en
beroepsfaktore die mate van uitbranding wat deur verpleegsters ervaar word, beïnvloed.
’n Beskrywende, ondersoekende navorsingsontwerp met ’n kwantitatiewe benadering is
toegepas. Die teikengroep het bestaan uit (n=105) permanente verpleegpersoneel wat in die
neonatale eenhede van twee verskillende hospitale werk. ’n Gerieflikheidsteekproef metode
is gebruik. Deelnemers (n=102) wat vrywillige toestemming gegee het om deel te neem, is
ingesluit in die navorsingstudie.
Geldigheid en betroubaarheid is ondersteun deur die gebruik van ’n geldige vraelys van
“Maslach Burnout Inventory – General Survey”, asook ’n afdeling gebaseer op demografiese
inligting en ’n afdeling gebaseer op fisiese, sielkundige, maatskaplike en beroepsfaktore.
Geldigheid van die vraelys is ondersteun deur ’n navorsingsmetodoloog, ’n verpleegspesialis
en ’n statistikus op die navorsingsgebied. ’n Loodsondersoek is gedoen om die haalbaarheid
van die studie te toets en om die vraelys te toets vir enige foute en dubbelsinnighede.
Etiese goedkeuring is verkry van die Universiteit van Stellenbosch en goedkeuring van die
Hoofde van die hospitale waar die studie uitgevoer is. Die data is geanaliseer met die hulp
van ’n statistikus en is aangebied in histogramtafels en frekwensies. Die verwantskap tussen
responsveranderlikes en nominale insetveranderlikes is geanaliseer deur gebruik te maak
van die analise van variansie (ANOVA). Verskeie statistiese toetse is toegepas om statistiese assosiasies tussen veranderlikes te bepaal, soos deur van die Spearmantoets
gebruik te maak, met ’n 95% betroubaarheidsinterval.
Resultate het bewys dat deelnemers ’n gemiddelde vlak van emosionele uitputting, ’n hoë
vlak van professionele effektiwiteit en ’n lae vlak van sinisme ervaar.
Verdere analise het bewys dat daar ’n statistiese beduidende verskil tussen emosionele
uitputting en die rang van die deelnemers (p=<0.01) is, hoogste kwalifikasie (p=0.05) en ’n
hoë werklading (p=0.01). Verder is ’n statistiese beduidende verskil gevind tussen
professionele effektiwiteit en rang van deelnemers (p=<0.01). Saam hiermee is ’n statistiese
beduidende verskil gevind tussen siniesheid en die aantal jare wat deelnemers in die
beroep is (p=0.05).
Voorts, is veelvuldige faktore bepaal in hierdie studie wat die mate van uitbranding
beïnvloed wat verpleegsters ervaar. Die meeste van die deelnemers (n=56/55%) het ’n
afname in werksbevrediging en -verrigting ervaar, (n=52/51%) deelnemers het ervaar dat hul
werklading te veel is vir hulle en (n=63/62%) deelnemers het geen erkenning vir hulle werk
ontvang nie.
Aanbevelings is gebaseer op voorkomende maatreëls, want om uitbranding te voorkom, is
makliker en meer koste-effektief as om uitbranding te probeer oplos as dit alreeds begin het.
Ten slotte, die voorkomende strategieë, vroeë identifisering van werkstres en geskikte
intervensies is deurslaggewend om die probleem van uitbranding aan te spreek.
45
Van, der Venter Riaan. "Reporting on radiographic images in after-hours trauma units :Experiences of radiographers and medical practitioners." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/23779.
Full textAbstract:
Globally there is a lack of radiologists, which results in unreported radiographic examinations, or a delay in reporting on radiographic images even in emergency situations. In order to mitigate and alleviate the situation, and optimise the utilisation of radiographers a red dot system was introduced in the United Kingdom, which later aided in the transformation of the role of radiographers in terms of formal reporting of various radiographic examinations. Although there is a shortage of medical practitioners and radiologists in South Africa the extended role of radiographers has not been yet realised for radiographers. At present, radiographers and medical practitioners work in collaboration to interpret and report on radiographic examinations informally, to facilitate effective and efficient patient management, but this is done illegally because the regulations defining the scope of the profession of radiography does not allow for such practice, putting radiographers and organisations at risk of litigation. In order to gain an in-depth knowledge of the phenomena, to enable the researcher to provide recommendations to the Professional Board of Radiography and Clinical Technology (PBRCT) of the Health Professions Council of South Africa (HPCSA), a qualitative, exploratory, descriptive, and contextual research study was undertaken. Radiographers and medical practitioners were interviewed in order to elicit rich descriptions of their experiences regarding reporting of trauma related radiographic images in the after-hours trauma units. Data were gathered using in-depth semi-structured interviews, and the data were analysed using kesch’s method of thematic synthesis. Three themes emerged from the data, namely the challenges radiographers and medical practitioners face in the after-hours trauma units respectively, with regards to reporting of trauma related adiographs, and suggestions were proposed to optimize the participation of radiographers with regard to trauma related radiographs in these units. A thick description and literature control was done using quotes from participants. Measures to ensure trustworthiness and ethical research practices were also implemented. Thereafter, recommendations were put forward for the PBRCT of the HPCSA, using current literature and inferences made from the findings of the study.
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Rannard, Anne Christine. "Experiences of integration from language units to mainstream school for children with specific language impairment." Thesis, Liverpool John Moores University, 2001. http://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/5532/.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this study was to examine the experiences of children with Specific Language Impairment who had integrated from a Language Unit to mainstream school. The aim of the study was to explore the development of the children in the areas of language, academic ability, and psychosocial performance both during and after that period. Data was collected from 40 children in Phase 1 of the study by means of a structured interview schedule (Stone 1991). In Phase 2, the prospective second phase, 7 children were asked to complete the Pictorial Scale of Perceived Competence and Social Acceptance (PSPCSA) (Harter and Pike 1984). In both phases, parents of the children took part in unstructured interviews using a chronological or life history approach advocated by May (1993). Teachers in Phase 1 completed the Teacher Rating Scale (Urwin 1988) and in Phase 2, both language unit and mainstream schoolteachers completed the appropriate section of the PSPCSA. A combination of qualitative and quantitative methodologies was used to access the range of experiences of the children and the views of their parents and teachers. Analysis of the data revealed a lack of planning and preparation on the part of mainstream schools for the children during the short integration process. There was minimal collaboration between language units and mainstream teaching staff. The children's statement of Special Educational Need terminated for the majority after 3 months in mainstream school. No further monitoring of the children's verbal abilities took place after that, although a third of the children had continuing speech and language problems. Despite the general failure of the mainstream system to support these children, those who needed help in academic areas did receive it on an ad hoc basis. Two thirds of the children had help with academic subjects, although teachers rated these children as average. In the second phase, teachers showed more concern over the academic and social abilities of the children. The children saw themselves as no different from their mainstream peers. This finding reflects the sometimes overly optimistic views of children in the younger age groups, although there is some evidence from the study that children can be aware of their verbal limitations much earlier than what is generally held to be the age of self awareness at approximately 8 years. Children with SLI in a mainstream setting continue to have difficulties for several years after integration. Parents in this study frequently expressed the view that they would have liked the children to remain in the language units because of the better quality of education they provided. The value of the study lies in its in depth exploration of parent and child views and experiences of SLI within the education system using a combination of research approaches. Increasing the involvement of parents and children in the educational decision-making process is widely advocated. Understanding child and parent perspectives in this area is therefore of considerable importance.
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Ellis, Rachael. "How do adolescents experience relationships during admission to a psychiatric inpatient unit?" Thesis, Lancaster University, 2016. http://eprints.lancs.ac.uk/78748/.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis, comprised of a literature review, research paper and critical appraisal, employs qualitative methods to explore the experiences of adolescents who have been admitted to an inpatient psychiatric unit and those who may come into contact with mental health services as a result of their self-harm. The literature review focusses upon young peoples’ experiences of self-harm. This review aimed to contribute to current understanding of self-harm and consider how young peoples’ qualitative experiences relate to the findings of quantitative literature. Existing literature was synthesised in accordance with Noblit and Hare’s (1988) meta-ethnographic approach. The findings of this review are discussed in relation to current theoretical perspectives and the clinical implications are explored. The research paper explores ten adolescents’ experiences of their relationships during admission to a psychiatric inpatient setting using interpretative phenomenological analysis (Smith, Flowers & Larkin, 2009). Participant’s reflected on the complexity of their relationships with professionals. These reports highlighted the tension between their perceptions of professionals who were, simultaneously, perceived to be friends and experts. Young people also reflected upon the intense and meaningful relationships they developed with their peers and the impact of witnessing their friends’ distress. Finally, young people experienced their admission as a period of respite from relational stressors within their usual environment. Admission was also experienced as an opportunity to repair ruptured relationships and experience different ways of relating to others. These themes are discussed with reference to psychological theory and implications for clinical practice are considered. Finally, in the third section of this thesis I discuss my epistemological position, further consider the strengths and weaknesses of the research and reflect on the challenges I encountered when conducting this research.
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Bergerum, Carolina. "Quality Improvement in a Maternity Ward and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit : What are staff and patients´ experiences of Experience-based Co-design? Part 1: A qualitative study." Thesis, Hälsohögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, HHJ. Kvalitetsförbättring och ledarskap inom hälsa och välfärd, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-19087.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Recent focus on quality and patient safety has underlined the need to involve patients in improving healthcare. “Experience-based Co-design” (EBCD) is an approach to capture and understand patient and staff (i. e. users) experiences, identifying so called “touch points” and then working together equally in improvement efforts. Purpose: This article elucidates patient (defined as the mother-newborn couple with next of kin) and staff experiences following improvement work carried out according to EBCD in a maternity ward and neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) in a small, acute hospital in Sweden. Method: An experience questionnaire, derived from the EBCD approach tool set, was used for continuously evaluating each event of the EBCD improvement project. Furthermore, a focus group interview with staff and in-depth interviews with mother-father couples were held in order to collect and understand the experiences of working together according to EBCD. The analysis and interpretation of the interview data was carried through using qualitative, problem-driven content analysis. Themes, categories and sub-categories presented in this study constitute the manifest and latent content of the participants’ experiences of Experience-based Co-design. Results: The analysis of the experience questionnaires, prior to the interviews, revealed mostly positive experiences of the participation. Both staff and patient participants stated generally happy, involved, safe, good and comfortable experiences following each event of the improvement project so far. Two themes emerged during the analysis of the interviews. For staff participants the improvement project was a matter of learning within the microsystem through managing practical issues, moving beyond assumptions of improvement work and gaining a new way of thinking. For patients, taking part of the improvement project was expressed as the experience of involvement in healthcare through their participation and through a sense of improving for the future. Discussion: This study confirms that, despite practical obstacles for participants, the EBCD approach to improvement work provided an opportunity for maternity ward /NICU care being explored respectfully at the experience level, by assuring the sincere sharing of useful information within the microsystem continuously, and by encouraging and supporting the equal involvement of both staff and patients. Staff and patients wanted and were able to contribute to the EBCD process of gathering information about their experiences, analyzing and responding to collected data, and engaging themselves in improving the same. Furthermore, the EBCD approach provided staff and patients the opportunity of learning within the microsystem. Nevertheless, the responsibility of the improvement work remained the responsibility of the healthcare professionals. Keywords: Quality Improvement, Maternity Care, Neonatal Intensive Care, Experience-based Co-design
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Ward, Natalia, and Amber Warren. "“In Search of Peace”: Refugee Experiences in Children’s Literature." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1002/trtr.1849.
Full textAbstract:
The authors closely analyzed 45 children's books featuring characters with refugee backgrounds that had been published since 2013. With the concept of culturally sustaining pedagogy underpinning the review, analysis revealed that these texts are rich and detailed, providing a starting point for discussing the global refugee crisis with students, but they occasionally fall short in providing complex, multidimensional representations of characters’ lives and experiences. A majority of the texts analyzed focus on the journey in search of a safe place to live, whereas very few focus on the complexity of making a life in a new place. The findings highlight the importance of identifying texts that provide complexity, dimension, and specificity in depicting experiences of refugee‐background characters across settings. Opening classrooms to texts about the diversity of refugee experiences invites teachers and their students to critically explore the important global issues of migration, equity, and ways of being human.
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Qaid, Rafa T. A. "Patients' and nurses' perspectives on patients' experience for coronary care unit stressors using a mixed method approach." Thesis, Brunel University, 2011. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/6359.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Getting admitted to CCU is viewed as a stressful event by patients. However, numerous studies have indicated that nurses do not always accurately perceive the stressors of their clients. Therefore, it is important for nurses to know what seems most stressful from the patients‘ perspective so that appropriate nursing measures can be directed towards minimizing such stressors. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to explore the perception of CCU stressors experienced by patients from both patients and nurses perspective and to compare between them, identify the effect of socio-demographic characteristics of participant's on the level of stress perception and to what extent clinical guidelines fulfil CCU needs. Methodology: A mixed method approach (qualitative and quantitative) was applied. Purposive random sampling was used to recruit data. Ethical approval was obtained prior to data collection. Data was collected from three CCUs within the West and Northwest NHS Trusts. Participants who met the inclusion criteria were interviewed and asked to rank the Environmental Stressor Questionnaire (ESQ). Qualitative data was analyzed using Gorgi's method of analysis. A quantitative data was analyzed using the SPSS software version 15. Results: There was some consistency in the data where patients and nurses provided same ranking for CCU stressors. Consistently nurses ranked physiological stressors higher than psychological stressors. Patients showed consistency in the findings between what they ranked in the ESQ and their narratives more than their counterparts. Perception of stress was affected by participant's socio-demographic characteristics. A key finding is that the current guidelines do not serve patients and nurses needs. Conclusions: Nurses should be well equipped with knowledge and experience to overcome stressful situations. Educational programs should be made available for nurses to improve stress management. Nurses should assess patient's needs by applying effectively communication skills.