Relevant bibliographies by topics / Experiences with illness

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Experiences with illness'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 19 February 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Experiences with illness"

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Boursnell, Melanie. "Parents With Mental Illness: The Cycle of Intergenerational Mental Illness." Children Australia 36, no. 1 (April 1, 2011): 26–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1375/jcas.36.1.26.

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This article provides an insight into the under-explored lives of parents with mental illness. In particular, this article considers the experiences of parents with mental illness who grew up with parents who also had mental illness, or experienced issues related to violence, abuse and neglect during childhood. Due to the dearth of research in this area there is minimal insight into how parents experience mental illness and even less significance is placed on exploring how intergenerational mental illness and backgrounds of violence, abuse and neglect impact on parenthood. This qualitative study generates information about how intergenerational family mental illness, and other issues identified in the course of the study, affected the participants' experiences of being a parent.
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Hirshberg, Eliotte L., Jorie Butler, Morgan Francis, Francis A. Davis, Doriena Lee, Fahina Tavake-Pasi, Edwin Napia, et al. "Persistence of patient and family experiences of critical illness." BMJ Open 10, no. 4 (April 2020): e035213. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-035213.

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ObjectiveTo investigate: (1) patient and family experiences with healthcare and the intensive care unit (ICU); (2) experiences during their critical illness; (3) communication and decision making during critical illness; (4) feelings about the ICU experience; (5) impact of the critical illness on their lives; and (6) concerns about their future after the ICU.DesignFour semistructured focus group interviews with former ICU patients and family members.SettingsMulticultural community group and local hospitals containing medical/surgical ICUs.ParticipantsPatients and family who experienced a critical illness within the previous 10 years.InterventionsNone.Measurements and main resultsFour separate focus groups each lasting a maximum of 150 min and consisting of a total of 21 participants were held. Focus groups were conducted using a semistructured script including six topics relating to the experience of critical illness that facilitated deduction and the sorting of data by thematic analysis into five predominant themes. The five main themes that emerged from the data were: (1) personalised stories of the critical illness; (2) communication and shared decision making, (3) adjustment to life after critical illness, (4) trust towards clinical team and relevance of cultural beliefs and (5) end-of-life decision making. Across themes, we observed a misalignment between the medical system and patient and family values and priorities.ConclusionsThe experience of critical illness of a diverse group of patients and families can remain vivid for years after ICU discharge. The identified themes reflect the strength of memory of such pivotal experiences and the importance of a narrative around those experiences. Clinicians need to be aware of the lasting effects of critical illness has on patients and families.
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Stephens, Ronie K. "Illness and the Corporeal Experience as a Source of Collective Healing in 21st-Century American Poetry." Word and Text - A Journal of Literary Studies and Linguistics 12 (2022) (December 30, 2022): 110–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.51865/jlsl.2022.08.

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Though 21st-century poetics is informed by protests and increasingly nuanced conversations about intersectional experiences, representations of chronic and acute illness are fairly rare. Even in the post-confessional era, with poets embracing vulnerability, ableism continues to dominate the genre. However, several poets have embraced their respective illnesses, centring their experiences not as wholly traumatic but as gracefully human. I argue that poets like Danez Smith, Andrea Gibson, Rachel McKibbens and others help insert acute and chronic illness into conversations about American poetics. American literature has long been complacent regarding the erasure of people living with illness, as well as its tendency to sensationalise trauma rather than centre the human experience in stories of illness. 21st-century poets are challenging this paradigm, effectively transforming their respective illnesses into a catalyst for activism and grounding their experiences in representations of the corporeal as flawed, vulnerable and yet miraculous.
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Lucas, Shawn. "Assessing Transcendental Experiences vs Mental Illnesses." Journal of Pastoral Care & Counseling: Advancing theory and professional practice through scholarly and reflective publications 71, no. 4 (December 2017): 267–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1542305017737780.

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In our experience, being able to differentiate between mental illness and transcendent experiences has led patients to remain engaged in treatment. This is important since those who have experienced religious preoccupation are the least likely to seek out mental health care. We have developed a “Transcendent Assessment Tool” to assist clinicians and clients in discerning whether an experience is a delusion or part of a transcendent experience.
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Matcha, Duane A., Richard Tessler, and Gail Gamache. "Family Experiences with Mental Illness." Contemporary Sociology 30, no. 5 (September 2001): 527. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3089368.

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Schroder, Patricia J. "Family Experiences With Mental Illness." Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services 39, no. 3 (March 2001): 53–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.3928/0279-3695-20010301-16.

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Ensign, Josephine, and Michelle Bell. "Illness Experiences of Homeless Youth." Qualitative Health Research 14, no. 9 (November 2004): 1239–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1049732304268795.

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Świtaj, P., J. Wciórka, J. Smolarska-Świtaj, and P. Grygiel. "Extent and predictors of stigma experienced by patients with schizophrenia." European Psychiatry 24, no. 8 (December 2009): 513–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2009.06.003.

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AbstractBackgroundSchizophrenia is regarded as one of the most stigmatized mental illnesses. Relatively few studies have investigated actual stigma experiences among people with schizophrenia and the factors which may contribute to it.AimsThis cross-sectional study assesses the extent of stigma experienced by patients with schizophrenia and attempts to establish its clinical and sociodemographic predictors.MethodsA total of 153 subjects with schizophrenia (62 outpatients and 91 inpatients) were evaluated with the use of the Stigma section of the Consumer Experiences of Stigma Questionnaire (CESQ) and several instruments measuring their subjective quality of life, social functioning and severity of psychiatric symptoms.ResultsStigmatization experiences were common among respondents who most frequently reported having concealed their illness (86%), witnessed others saying offensive things about the mentally ill (69%), worried about being viewed unfavorably (63%) and been treated as less competent (59%). Higher levels of stigma were related to lower subjective quality of life and younger age of illness onset. No significant associations were found between stigma and symptoms or level of social functioning.ConclusionOur findings point at the reduced life satisfaction as a key aspect of the subjective experience of the stigma of schizophrenia.
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McIver, Samantha, and Jane Toms. "An Exploratory Pilot Study Into Undergraduate Physiotherapy Students' Perceptions Of Working With Patients With Mental Illness And Working Within The Mental Health Sector Of Health Care." International Journal of Therapy and Rehabilitation 26, no. 6 (June 2, 2019): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/ijtr.2019.26.6.10.

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Background/Aims Mental illness is widespread throughout the United Kingdom with increasing prevalence. As mental illness affects such a large proportion of the population, it is likely that healthcare professionals, including qualified and student physiotherapists, will work with patients in all areas of healthcare, who have mental illness alongside co-morbidities. Physiotherapy students are placed into a wide range of placements throughout an undergraduate degree to develop skills and autonomy in rehabilitation. Understanding students' perspective appears relatively unexplored and was stimulated by personal experience of the first author where patients' rehabilitation could be impacted by mental illness. The impact varied depending on the severity of their illness, as well as the understanding of that illness by the multidisciplinary team involved in their care. The aim of this phenomenological study was to: explore physiotherapy students' lived experiences and perceptions of working with patients with mental illness, despite no mental health specific placement and understand their views of working in the mental health sector of healthcare Methods Ethical approval was obtained from Coventry University Ethics and a qualitative methodology was applied. Purposeful sampling was used to recruit six participants, who were all Undergraduate physiotherapy students at Coventry University, and data were collected via a focus group. The focus group explored their lived experiences, opinions and perceptions. Results A number of themes were discovered from the data, with associated sub-themes: ‘Lack of clarity’ with sub-themes: ‘Definitions, Terminology and understanding’, ‘Mental illnesses’ and ‘Physiotherapist role’ ‘Emotional Roller-Coaster’ with sub-themes: ‘Negative reactions’ and ‘Positive sentiments’ ‘Transferable skills’ with sub-themes: ‘Core competencies’ and ‘Core skills to elevate’ ‘Everyone has a story to tell’ with sub-themes: ‘Job’, ‘Placement’ and ‘Personal experience’ The themes influenced their ‘curious intrigue’, which related to their views of working in the mental health sector of health care. Conclusions All participants in the study had experiences to discuss and found it challenging to provide effective rehabilitation, appropriate to the patients' needs. Discussing these experiences evoked a complex range of perceptions and emotions.
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Riffel, Taylor, and Shu-Ping Chen. "Exploring the Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behavioural Responses of Healthcare Students towards Mental Illnesses—A Qualitative Study." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 1 (December 18, 2019): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17010025.

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Background: The stigma of mental illness causes delays in seeking help, and often compromises victims’ therapeutic relationships with healthcare providers. The knowledge, attitudes, and behavioural responses of future healthcare professionals toward individuals with mental illnesses are explored here to suggest steps that will reduce mental illness stigma in healthcare providers. Methods: A generic qualitative approach—Qualitative Description—was used. Eighteen students from nine healthcare programs at a Canadian University participated in individual semi-structured interviews. Participants answered questions regarding their knowledge, attitudes, and behavioural responses towards individuals with mental illnesses. Thematic content analysis guided the data analysis. Results: Four main themes were constructed from the data: positive and negative general perceptions toward mental illness; contact experiences with mental illnesses; mental illness in a healthcare setting; and learning about mental illness in healthcare academia. Conclusions: Students showed well-rounded mental health knowledge and mostly positive behaviours toward individuals with mental illnesses. However, some students hold stigmatizing attitudes and do not feel prepared through their academic experiences to work with individuals with mental illnesses. Mental health education can reduce the stigma toward mental illness and improve the care delivered by healthcare professionals.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Experiences with illness"

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Bibby, Paul. "Experiences of recovery in mental illness." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/4104.

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Introduction In recent years the concept of ‘recovery’ has become increasingly prevalent in both government and health service policy, and in the terminology used by mental health service users. The current study examines the experiences of recovery as described by service users living in a rural / semi-rural population. This is in contrast to the majority of similar studies, which have tended to focus on urban centres where population characteristics, and the services available to service users, differ in many ways. As such, the aim of the current study was to add to the growing theory regarding what constitutes recovery from the viewpoint of service users living in a relatively remote area of the UK. Methodology Eight adult participants, all of whom defined themselves as either recovering or having recovered from significant mental health problems, were interviewed about their experiences using a semi-structured interview. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed and analysed for emerging themes using a social constructionist version of Grounded Theory. Data Analysis & Discussion Analysis revealed a consistent set of themes emerging from the participant interviews. These are encapsulated in the concept of reflection and integration, and the dynamic nature of these phenomena over time. Participants made reference to the nature of their problems and the impact they had on relationships, the treatment they had sought and received, and the effects of their experiences on their notions of themselves as individuals. Conclusions The findings of the current study are discussed in the light of existing relevant literature and in relation to current policy initiatives. Comparisons to the emerging theory regarding recovery are drawn, and distinctions made between the existing theory and the findings which appear to be particularly pertinent to the sample population. Suggestions for clinical applications are made. Limitations of the study are also addressed, and areas for potential further research are outlined.
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Glass, Martha J. "College Transition Experiences of Students with Mental Illness." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/26283.

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Retention of college students has continued to be a concern for many people connected with higher education (Baum & Ma, 2007; Day & Newburger, 2002; Habley & McClanahan, 2004). The high school to college transition experience has been identified as a key factor in studentsâ decision to remain in college and persist to graduation (Hunter, 2006; Levitz & Noel, 1989; Pascarella & Terenzini, 2005; Roe Clark, 2005). More students than ever are coming to higher education with mental health challenges (Kadison & DiGeronimo, 2004; Soet & Sevig, 2006) but a thorough review of the literature reveals no literature on the transition experience of students that have been diagnosed with psychiatric illness. The purpose of this study was to understand and describe how students diagnosed with a mental illness experience the college transition. In addition, the study provided an understanding of the transition experience for these students at three different types of institutions. The theoretical framework for this study was Schlossbergâ s (1984) transition theory. The individuals in the sample included 18-19 year old traditional first year college students diagnosed with mental illness. Interviews were conducted with 21 respondents during their second semester of college. Data analysis revealed themes under the topics of individual characteristics, academic and social transition, and institutional differences. Findings revealed that these first year students with mental illness had many of the same developmental and transition experiences and challenges as their peers. However, their transition experiences were complicated by the daily tasks of managing medications, symptoms, counseling appointments, academic support services, and involvement of parents. Participants were learning to take responsibility for their own well-being but still needed a safety-net. In addition, respondents described resources and strategies that they used to adjust academically and socially, such as receiving academic accommodations and disclosing their diagnosis to faculty and friends. The students described their campuses in similar ways, as friendly and supportive, with few institutional differences. In general, the participants confronted challenges early during their transition but at the time of the interviews they seemed to be experiencing a successful transition.
Ph. D.
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Rehm, Roberta S. "Mexican American family experiences with chronic childhood illness /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/7327.

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McKee, Kaitlyn M. "Chronic Illness Stigma: The Experiences of Emerging Adults." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2017. https://dc.etsu.edu/honors/422.

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Individuals with chronic illness often face the added burden of stigma associated with their chronic conditions. Stigma has been associated with fewer psychosocial resources of social support, self-esteem, and self-compassion, as well as less access and usage of mental and physical healthcare. However, it is unclear whether stigma experiences vary by age of the individuals with chronic illness. It was hypothesized that emerging adults would report more perceived stigma, fewer psychosocial resources and less access to medical treatments. It was additionally hypothesized that perceived stigma would mediate the association between age and outcomes. 197 participants completed an online survey using Survey Monkey. Results of multiple regression analysis testing for mediation did not support hypotheses. In fact, emerging adults reported easier access to treatments than older adults. Post-hoc analyses were conducted and revealed that among emerging adults – but not older adults – perceived stigma was significantly related to less access to medical treatments. Thus, age may moderate the impact of stigma of chronic illness on access to healthcare in individuals with chronic illness, rather than predict more or less stigma of chronic illness. This indicates that in spite of easier access to care for emerging adults, increased stigma might interfere with their seeking of that care. Future studies should examine the impact of stigma on emerging adults’ treatment access.
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Gustafsson, Silje. "Self-care for Minor Illness: People's Experiences and Needs." Doctoral thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Omvårdnad, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-361.

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During later years, the primary care services are experiencing a heavier strain in terms of increasing expenses and higher demand for medical services. An increased awareness about pharmaceutical adverse effects and the global concern of antibiotic resistance has given self-care and active surveillance a stronger position within the primary care services. The management strategy for minor illnesses is important because care-seekers tend to repeat successful strategies from past events, and past experience with self-care drives future self-care practices. The overall aim of this thesis was to explore people’s experiences and needs when practicing self-care and receiving self-care advice for minor illnesses. This was achieved by studying people’s experiences with and knowledge of minor illnesses, self-care interventions and channels of information used when providing self-care for minor illness. Needs for confidence in self-care were studied, as well as supporting and obstructing factors in the practice of self-care. Satisfaction with telephone nursing and people’s experiences of reassurance in relation to the decision-making process in self-care for minor illness was explored. The results showed that experience correlated with self-rated knowledge of the condition, and the least common conditions most often generated a health care services consultation. To confidently practice self-care people needed good knowledge and understanding about obtaining symptom relief. Younger persons more often reported the need of having family or friends to talk to. Easy access to care was most often reported as a support in self-care, and a lack of knowledge about illnesses was most often reported as obstructing self-care. Care-seekers receiving self-care advice were less satisfied with the telephone nursing than care-seekers referred to medical care, and feeling reassured after the call was the most important factor influencing satisfaction. Self-care advice had a constricting influence on healthcare utilization, with 66.1% of the cases resulting in a lower level of care than first intended. The course of action that persons in self-care decided on was found to relate to uncertainty and perception of risk. Reassurance had the potential to allay doubts and fears to confidence, thereby influencing self-care and consultation behavior. In conclusion, symptoms of minor illness can cause uncertainty and concern, and reassurance is an important factor influencing people’s course of action when afflicted with minor illness. The nurse constitutes a calming force, and the encounter between the nurse and the care-seeker holds a unique possibility of reassurance and confidence that minor illness is self-limiting to its nature and that effective interventions can provide relief and comfort. Just as health is more than the absence of disease, self-care is more than the absence of medical care.
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Lenton, Rebecca. "Living with chronic illness : experiences of diagnosis and treatment." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2017. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/94817/.

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The experience of living with a chronic illness can impact on both the person receiving a diagnosis and those close to them. Experiences of diagnosis and any subsequent treatment are important as it allows individual, lived experiences to be better understood. Through exploring these experiences, it is hoped that services, treatment and support could be developed and improved. This paper consists of three chapters. Chapter one focuses on the experiences of partners of men with prostate cancer. A review of the literature identified twenty-two papers that are reviewed and synthesised into four overarching themes. Changes to the relationship and the unmet needs of partners are explored. Further ways in which services and professionals can support partners are identified. Chapter two involves a qualitative study exploring the experiences of seven men living with a diagnosis of Bipolar Disorder. Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis is utilised to understand men’s lived experiences. One theme identifies the battles men experience internally and externally in relation to vulnerability, masculinity, medication and stigma. Clinical implications and research directions are identified. Chapter three is a reflective account of the overall research process. It spans from the development of the research proposal through to conducting and reflecting on the research undertaken. Consideration is given to the role of a Clinical Psychologist in the research process.
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Mondragon, Troy. "Supported Housing Experiences of People with Serious Mental Illness." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2015. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd/233.

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The purpose of this study was to explore the perceptions and experiences of people living with serious mental illness (SMI) receiving housing assistance. A qualitative method was used to interview five adults with SMI living in a supported housing model. An Ecological Systems Theory (EST) was used as the theoretical orientation for the study. The major themes related to success of the supported housing that emerged were independence, involvement of owners, bonds with tenants, having access and means to resources, and positive engagement in well-being. No themes of unmet needs were presented. The study concluded people with SMI in need of housing will benefit by being in a supported housing model such as the one in the study. The two main limitations of the study are small sample size and limits in generalizing beyond the one location.
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Brown, Amanda. "The Lived Experiences of Managing Uncertainty in Chronic Illness." ScholarWorks, 2018. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/4912.

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Chronic illness is an increasing concern in the United States as the CDC reports that about 50% of adults have at least 1 chronic illness. When individuals must adjust to chronic illness they may experience uncertainty regarding the illness, prognosis, and symptoms. The purpose of this qualitative, phenomenological study was to explore the lived experiences of individuals living with uncertainty in chronic illnesses. A Merle Mishel's uncertainty in illness theory was the framework used to explore the lives of individuals diagnosed and living with chronic illness. In-depth interviews were conducted with 8 individuals who have chronic disease; data were audio-recorded and transcribed. The data were analyzed using thematic coding, and stored in NVivo and categorized for commonality in results. Results revealed themes that individuals with chronic illness do experience uncertainty and that it impacts almost all aspects of their lives. The individuals expressed changes in daily activities, the need to plan ahead, altering plans based on symptoms, and retraining their minds to accept their new normal. Individuals diagnosed with chronic illness face daily challenges. Obtaining a better understanding of alternate ways to cope and manage uncertainty can greatly impact the individuals quality of life. The information produced from this study will help contribute to positive social change to enable healthcare providers to address the uncertainty at diagnoses and offer ways for individuals to cope and manage the additional stressor. Recommended areas for further research include repeating the study with a larger, more diverse sample, conducting interviews during different times of the year, and investigating the use of a multidisciplinary team approach for chronic illness treatment.
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Van, Dyk D. L., and H. Bezuidenhout. "Learning experiences of students during integrated management of childhood illness (IMCI) training." Journal for New Generation Sciences, Vol 11, Issue 2: Central University of Technology, Free State, Bloemfontein, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11462/641.

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The aim of the study on which this article is based was to reflect on the learning experiences of students during integrated management of childhood illness (IMCI) training in an undergraduate programme. IMCI is a set of guidelines that was established by the World Health Organisation (WHO) for cost-effective quality care for children younger than five to prevent diseases and death (WHO, 2004). Skilled primary healthcare workers are required to provide quality care at first contact with these children. The IMCI package was presented as an integral part of the second-year module that focuses on primary healthcare. In order to improve the quality of health services and refocus the health system on primary health-care (South Africa Department of Health, 2010), students have to demonstrate that they have achieved competence. According to Killen (2000:188), competence is a holistic term and focuses on knowledge, skills and values instead of competencies, which refer to specific capabilities. Primary health-care workers who act competently will integrate foundational IMCI knowledge with skills and values as well as with the ability to verify their decisions (Killen, 2000:188). Aqualitative, exploratory and descriptive research design was used to investigate the IMCI learning experiences. Such experiences are one of the indications whether training has been successful and how it can be improved (Suski, 2004:222). Data was collected by means of nominal-group technique (NGT) interviews with second-year nursing students of the training school who complied with the criteria for inclusion. NGT interviews were used effectively to evaluate clinical interaction, education and training.The findings reflected the different emotions experienced during teaching and learning as having been positive, negative or neutral. The consideration of negative emotions will assist with the improvement of IMCI teaching and learning, but all these findings can be useful for other higher-education institutions that present or plan to present IMCI training.
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Tsope, Lindiwe. "A narrative study of patients’ illness experiences on antiretroviral treatment." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/63032.

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Eight female respondents, who have publicly disclosed their HIV-positive status on social media, were involved in a semi-structured in-depth interview process. Using the theoretical frameworks of symbolic interactionism and social constructionism, the study explores the effects of antiretroviral treatment on patients’ illness experiences, looking at the personal and social symbolisms and meanings attached to taking antiretrovirals. The study revealed a positive and inspirational aspect of living with HIV/AIDS and especially consuming antiretroviral therapy. It became evident that the knowledge participants had of antiretrovirals before consuming them was misguided and based more on false ‘general knowledge’ among laypersons than actual medical fact. Moreover, the study revealed that there is a social reconstruction of narratives that has taken place in each participant’s life due to consuming antiretrovirals. Publicly disclosing their statuses has also proved to have both negative and positive consequences for the individuals and for society at large. While there is a consensus that participants’ illness experiences are directly affected by antiretroviral treatment, each participant’s narrative is different, yet positive.
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Books on the topic "Experiences with illness"

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Young-Mason, Jeanine. The patient's voice: Experiences of illness. 2nd ed. Philadelphia: F.A. Davis Company, 2016.

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Aiken, Cara. Family experiences of bipolar disorder. London: Jessica Kingsley Publishers, 2010.

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1938-, Gamache Gail, ed. Family experiences with mental illness: Richard Tessler and Gail Gamache. Westport, CT: Auburn House, 2000.

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Rapaport, Penny. Older women's subjective experiences of depression: A material-discursive account. London: UEL, 2003.

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Shulamit, Ramon, ed. Psychiatry in transition: The British and Italian experiences. 2nd ed. London: Pluto, 1991.

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Vries, M. J. de. Choosing life: A new perspective on illness and healing. Lisse, Netherlands: Swets & Zeitlinger, 1993.

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Davies, Kerry Elisabeth. Narratives beyond the walls: Patients' experiences of mental health and illness in Oxfordshire since 1948. [Oxford]: Oxford Brookes University, 2002.

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Quin, Suzanne. Uncertain lives, untimely deaths: Experiences and psychosocial needs of the young adult with serious chronic illness. Aldershot: Avebury, 1996.

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Lost selves and lonely persons: Experiences of illness and well-being among Tamil refugees in Norway. Durham, N.C: Carolina Academic Press, 2010.

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Jim, Read, and Reynolds Jill, eds. Speaking our minds: An anthology of personal experiences of mental distress and its consequences. Basingstoke: Macmillan, 1996.

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Book chapters on the topic "Experiences with illness"

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Altschuler, Jenny. "Childhood and Adolescent Experiences of Illness." In Counselling and Psychotherapy for Families in Times of Illness and Death, 51–68. London: Macmillan Education UK, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-230-36006-8_4.

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Altschuler, Jenny. "Individual and Family Experiences of Migration." In Migration, Illness and Health care, 98–134. London: Macmillan Education UK, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-37851-4_5.

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Altschuler, Jenny. "Individual and Family Experiences of Illness and Death." In Migration, Illness and Health care, 38–74. London: Macmillan Education UK, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-37851-4_3.

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Tortora, Suzi, and Miri Keren. "The Hospital and Severe Illness-Linked Experiences." In Dance/Movement Therapy for Infants and Young Children with Medical Illness, 87–102. New York: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003134800-7.

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Carel, Havi. "The Lived Experiences of Illness and Disability." In The Disability Bioethics Reader, 82–91. New York: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003289487-12.

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López-Jaramillo, Carlos, Jorge Mauricio Cuartas Arias, and Ana M. Díaz Zuluaga. "Mental Health and Urban Life: Experiences from Colombia." In Mental Health and Illness in the City, 1–17. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-0752-1_5-1.

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López-Jaramillo, Carlos, Jorge Mauricio Cuartas Arias, and Ana M. Díaz Zuluaga. "Mental Health and Urban Life: Experiences from Colombia." In Mental Health and Illness in the City, 1–17. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-0752-1_5-2.

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López-Jaramillo, Carlos, Jorge Mauricio Cuartas Arias, and Ana M. Díaz Zuluaga. "Mental Health and Urban Life: Experiences from Colombia." In Mental Health and Illness in the City, 317–32. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-2327-9_5.

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Brewer-Smyth, Kathleen. "Absence of a Healthy Parent: Mental and Physical Illness, Substance Misuse, and Trauma in the Life of Parents, Caregivers, and Significant Others." In Adverse Childhood Experiences, 131–54. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-08801-8_5.

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Altschuler, Jenny. "Migration, Culture and Experiences of Diversity." In Counselling and Psychotherapy for Families in Times of Illness and Death, 134–48. London: Macmillan Education UK, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-230-36006-8_9.

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Conference papers on the topic "Experiences with illness"

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Hong, Matthew K. "Designing Visual Communication of Everyday Illness Experiences in Pediatric Care." In CHI '19: CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3290607.3299068.

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Nutt, R., and G. Ozakinci. "P40 Experiences and illness perceptions of working-age cardiac rehabilitation attendees." In Society for Social Medicine, 61st Annual Scientific Meeting, University of Manchester, 5–8 September 2017. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jech-2017-ssmabstracts.142.

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Chen, Guocai, Jim Warren, Robert McArthur, Peter Bruza, Debbie Kralik, and Kay Price. "Understanding Individual Experiences of Chronic Illness with Semantic Space Models of Electronic Discussions." In Twentieth IEEE International Symposium on Computer-Based Medical Systems. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cbms.2007.118.

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Hong, Matthew K., Udaya Lakshmi, Kimberly Do, Sampath Prahalad, Thomas Olson, Rosa I. Arriaga, and Lauren Wilcox. "Using Diaries to Probe the Illness Experiences of Adolescent Patients and Parental Caregivers." In CHI '20: CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3313831.3376426.

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Sanchez-Pena, Matilde, Xinrui Rose Xu, Nichole Ramirez, and Nikitha Sambamurthy. "Engineering students and professionals living with a mental illness: an exploration of their experiences and challenges." In 2019 IEEE Frontiers in Education Conference (FIE). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/fie43999.2019.9028416.

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Lobo, Carla, Puja Kumar, and Luisa Barreto. "Defining the Complex Emotional Experiences of Depression through Visual Language – Colour as Expressive Tool." In 13th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1001408.

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According to survey reports by World Health Organization, depression was ranked as the third leading cause of the global burden of disease in 2004, moving into the first place by 2030. Considering this scenario, a research project has been conducted focusing on the potential of graphic design in health care as an opportunity to communicate complex emotional experiences of depression. Using colour as a design strategy, conceptualizes a methodological approach that can be adopted to develop colour palettes in graphic design by considering the focal parameters relevant to the specific project, in this case, connect the emotional dimension of colour experience with depression to visualise the illness in a new light.All works of graphic design establishes a visual communication with its audiences by connecting directly or indirectly on an emotional level, establishing a visual communication with their audiences, connecting directly or indirectly on an emotional level. This paper proposes a methodological approach that can be adopted to derive the appropriate colour for any design, based on the message it is intended to communicate.The development of the tool is based on the importance of the relationship between the relative degree of each emotion and the specific cultural symbolism for the derivation of colours, aiming to capture an individual's emotional attention and produce flawless results in the final design work.The work is based on a transversal approach, correlating different graphic design strategies, including colour and its symbolism, in this case with reference to Indian culture, with the aim of identifying and subsequently portraying the different types of depression, motivating depressed people to express themselves, and the population in general to change their perception about the disease, promoting greater sensitivity and sympathy towards the subject. The proposed colour tool ambitions to create a solution for the inability of people to put together words for their emotional experiences/ feelings when they are going through depression. The colours chosen by them would give a clearer understanding of the emotions/ feelings they might be going through and would play an indicative role to determine the type of depression.Hence, the project is an effort to channel appropriate color as a design tool to talk about depression, spread information and ultimately enrich humane diagnoses and treatment when it comes to fight depression.The development of this interactive visual medium to express complex emotion is fulfilled by incorporating colour variations as a paramount feature in the design strategy. To effectively portray depression as a serious illness using the expressive potential of colour to convey right emotions when used aptly, a colour code was designed, considering the variations in colour dimensions (saturation and light scales) as ways of expressing the degree of severity of the disease.The colour palette was achieved by theoretical research of colour concepts crossed with analytical study of survey results, which allowed the most significant associations between colours and emotions to be identified, and from these to build a functional colour code, providing a visual expressive tool to those going through depression.
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Myall, Michelle, Susi Lund, and Sophia Taylor. "O-15 Domestic abuse and life-limiting illness: experiences of hospice and palliative care practitioners in detecting and responding to abuse in patients." In Finding a Way Forward, Hospice UK National Conference, 22–24 November 2022, Glasgow. British Medical Journal Publishing Group, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/spcare-2022-hunc.15.

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Noah Etkind, Simon, Natasha Lovell, Anna E Bone, Laura Cottrell, Fliss EM Murtagh, and Irene J Higginson. "84 Evolving health awareness and care experiences influence preferences following acute illness: qualitative analysis from a mixed-methods prospective cohort study of frail older people." In The APM’s Supportive & Palliative Care Conference, Accepted Oral and Poster Abstract Submissions, The Harrogate Convention Centre, Harrogate, England, 21–22 March 2019. British Medical Journal Publishing Group, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjspcare-2019-asp.107.

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Williamson, T., A. Stanton, J. Clague DeHart, A. Jorge, L. Eshraghi, H. Cooper Ortner, and S. Love. "Abstract P6-12-07: Metastatic breast cancer collateral damage project: Associations of disease-specific concerns and experiences with psychological health, illness management, and health behaviors." In Abstracts: 2017 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; December 5-9, 2017; San Antonio, Texas. American Association for Cancer Research, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs17-p6-12-07.

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Johnson, Jarrett, Sarbesh Pandeya, Ahmed Kabore, and Levi Ross. "Abstract A55: Assessing the applicability of leventhal's common sense model of illness representation to explain african american prostate cancer survivors' disease experiences and disease Management Strategies." In Abstracts: Ninth AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; September 25-28, 2016; Fort Lauderdale, FL. American Association for Cancer Research, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7755.disp16-a55.

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Reports on the topic "Experiences with illness"

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Swannack, Robyn, Alys Young, and Claudine Storbeck. A scoping review of deaf sign language users’ perceptions and experiences of well-being in South Africa. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, November 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.11.0082.

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Background: This scoping review concerns deaf adult sign language users from any country (e.g. users of South African Sign Language (SASL), British Sign Language (BSL), American Sign Language (ASL) and so forth). It concerns well-being understood to include subjective well-being and following the WHO’s (2001) definition of well-being as “mental health as a state of well-being in which every individual realises his or her own potential, can cope with the normal stresses of life, can work productively and fruitfully and is able to make a contribution to his or her community.” Well-being has three components (Steptoe, Deaton, and Stone, 2015; Stewart-Brown, Tennant, Tennant, Platt, Parkinson and Weich, 2009): (i) Live evaluation, also referred to life satisfaction, which concerns an individual’s evaluation of their life and their satisfaction with its quality and how good they feel about it; (ii) hedonic well-being which refers to everyday feelings or moods and focuses on affective components (feeling happy); (iii) eudaimonic well-being, which emphasises action, agency and self-actualisation (e.g. sense of control, personal growth, feelings of purpose and belonging) that includes judgments about the meaning of one’s life. Well-being is not defined as the absence of mental illness but rather as a positive state of flourishing that encompasses these three components. The review is not concerned with evidence concerning mental illness or psychiatric conditions amongst deaf signers. A specific concern is deaf sign language users’ perceptions and experiences of well-being.
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Travis, Amanda, Margaret Harvey, and Michelle Rickard. Adverse Childhood Experiences and Urinary Incontinence in Elementary School Aged Children. University of Tennessee Health Science Center, October 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21007/con.dnp.2021.0012.

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Purpose/Background: Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) have an impact on health throughout the lifespan (Filletti et al., 1999; Hughes et al., 2017). These experiences range from physical and mental abuse, substance abuse in the home, parental separation or loss, financial instability, acute illness or injury, witnessing violence in the home or community, and incarceration of family members (Hughes et al., 2017). Understanding and screening for ACEs in children with urinary incontinence can help practitioners identify psychological stress as a potentially modifiable risk factor. Methods: A 5-month chart review was performed identifying English speaking patients ages 6-11 years presenting to the outpatient urology office for an initial visit with a primary diagnosis of urinary incontinence. Charts were reviewed for documentation of individual or family risk factors for ACEs exposure, community risk factors for ACEs exposures, and records where no related documentation was included. Results: For the thirty-nine patients identified, no community risk factors were noted in the charts. Seventy-nine percent of patients had one or more individual or family risk factors documented. Implications for Nursing Practice This chart review indicates that a significant percentage of pediatric, school-aged patients presenting with urinary incontinence have exposure to ACEs. A formal assessment for ACEs at the time of initial presentation would be helpful to identify those at highest risk. References: Felitti VJ, Anda RF, Nordenberg D, Williamson DF, Spitz AM, Edwards V, Koss MP, Marks JS. Relationship of childhood abuse and household dysfunction to many of the leading causes of death in adults: the adverse childhood experiences (ACE) study. Am J Prev Med. 1998;14:245–258 Hughes, K., Bellis, M.A., Hardcastle, K.A., Sethi, D., Butchart, D., Mikton, C., Jones, L., Dunne, M.P. (2017) The effect of multiple adverse childhood experiences on health: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Public Health, 2(8): e356–e366. Published online 2017 Jul 31.doi: 10.1016/S2468-2667(17)30118-4 Lai, H., Gardner, V., Vetter, J., & Andriole, G. L. (2015). Correlation between psychological stress levels and the severity of overactive bladder symptoms. BMC urology, 15, 14. doi:10.1186/s12894-015-0009-6
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Dy, Sydney M., Julie M. Waldfogel, Danetta H. Sloan, Valerie Cotter, Susan Hannum, JaAlah-Ai Heughan, Linda Chyr, et al. Integrating Palliative Care in Ambulatory Care of Noncancer Serious Chronic Illness: A Systematic Review. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), February 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.23970/ahrqepccer237.

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Objectives. To evaluate availability, effectiveness, and implementation of interventions for integrating palliative care into ambulatory care for U.S.-based adults with serious life-threatening chronic illness or conditions other than cancer and their caregivers We evaluated interventions addressing identification of patients, patient and caregiver education, shared decision-making tools, clinician education, and models of care. Data sources. We searched key U.S. national websites (March 2020) and PubMed®, CINAHL®, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (through May 2020). We also engaged Key Informants. Review methods. We completed a mixed-methods review; we sought, synthesized, and integrated Web resources; quantitative, qualitative and mixed-methods studies; and input from patient/caregiver and clinician/stakeholder Key Informants. Two reviewers screened websites and search results, abstracted data, assessed risk of bias or study quality, and graded strength of evidence (SOE) for key outcomes: health-related quality of life, patient overall symptom burden, patient depressive symptom scores, patient and caregiver satisfaction, and advance directive documentation. We performed meta-analyses when appropriate. Results. We included 46 Web resources, 20 quantitative effectiveness studies, and 16 qualitative implementation studies across primary care and specialty populations. Various prediction models, tools, and triggers to identify patients are available, but none were evaluated for effectiveness or implementation. Numerous patient and caregiver education tools are available, but none were evaluated for effectiveness or implementation. All of the shared decision-making tools addressed advance care planning; these tools may increase patient satisfaction and advance directive documentation compared with usual care (SOE: low). Patients and caregivers prefer advance care planning discussions grounded in patient and caregiver experiences with individualized timing. Although numerous education and training resources for nonpalliative care clinicians are available, we were unable to draw conclusions about implementation, and none have been evaluated for effectiveness. The models evaluated for integrating palliative care were not more effective than usual care for improving health-related quality of life or patient depressive symptom scores (SOE: moderate) and may have little to no effect on increasing patient satisfaction or decreasing overall symptom burden (SOE: low), but models for integrating palliative care were effective for increasing advance directive documentation (SOE: moderate). Multimodal interventions may have little to no effect on increasing advance directive documentation (SOE: low) and other graded outcomes were not assessed. For utilization, models for integrating palliative care were not found to be more effective than usual care for decreasing hospitalizations; we were unable to draw conclusions about most other aspects of utilization or cost and resource use. We were unable to draw conclusions about caregiver satisfaction or specific characteristics of models for integrating palliative care. Patient preferences for appropriate timing of palliative care varied; costs, additional visits, and travel were seen as barriers to implementation. Conclusions. For integrating palliative care into ambulatory care for serious illness and conditions other than cancer, advance care planning shared decision-making tools and palliative care models were the most widely evaluated interventions and may be effective for improving only a few outcomes. More research is needed, particularly on identification of patients for these interventions; education for patients, caregivers, and clinicians; shared decision-making tools beyond advance care planning and advance directive completion; and specific components, characteristics, and implementation factors in models for integrating palliative care into ambulatory care.
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Brekke, John, Erin Kelly, Lei Duana, Heather Cohena, Holly Kigera, and Laura Pancake. Can People Who Have Experience with Serious Mental Illness Help Peers Manage Their Health Care? Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute (PCORI), April 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.25302/4.2019.ad.13046650.

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Shaw, Kristi Lee, and Geoff Bridgman. Creating Appreciation and Community Support for Mothers Caring for a Child with an Anxiety Disorder. Unitec ePress, February 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.34074/mono.097.

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This research examined a unique approach to anxiety disorder, one of the most prevalent and growing mental health concerns internationally. It uncovered the mostly invisible and challenging experiences of mothers caring for a child with an anxiety disorder and the value of their reciprocal relationships with their children for both their health and wellbeing. In addition, it explored social identity in making meaningful connection using a generative action-oriented social approach to address anxiety in the community. An appreciative inquiry, using social constructionist theory, and underpinned by elements of kaupapa Māori values, was utilised to explore the research questions. The data was collected via paired interviews, focus groups and small questionnaires with three to four mothers, after which thematic analysis was undertaken to identify important themes.There were four key themes discovered in the findings: (1) the mothers’ ongoing and challenging experiences of being silenced and isolated on the fringes, navigating the quagmire of social and institutional systems to help them help their children; (2) the mothers’ learning to cope by creating calm in the home, the child, and in themselves, often requiring them to ‘suspend’ their lives until their children become more independent; (3) the mothers employing a mother as advocate identity to face the challenges, and co-creating a mother as advocate group identity to continue to face those challenges to design a collective initiative;and (4) the value of freedom that the mothers experienced participating in the appreciative inquiry process with other mothers facing similar challenges and sharing their stories.This study demonstrates how appreciative inquiry is aligned with and supports the value of social identity theory and creating meaningful connections to help position and address anxiety disorder in the community. A key insight gained in this study is that our current social and institutional systems create disconnection in many facets of Western life, which contributes to the generation and perpetuation of stigmatisation, isolation and anxiety disorder. Within a Western capitalistic and individualistic culture, mental illness has become predominantly pathologised and medicated, positioning anxiety disorder within the child, and relegating the social dimension of the biopsychosocial approach as almost irrelevant. As mothers in this system spend valuable energy advocating for more support for their children, they put their own mental health at risk. There is no one solution; however, this study demonstrates that when mothers are supported through an appreciative inquiry process, strengthening their personal and social identities, there is the potential for health and wellbeing to increase for them, their children and the community.
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Ly, Lena, Jennifer Philip, Peter Hudson, and Natasha Smallwood. Singing for people with advance chronic respiratory diseases: a qualitative meta-synthesis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, August 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.8.0017.

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Review question / Objective: This study undertook a meta-synthesis of qualitative data with the aim of collating, synthesizing, and evaluating the current evidence regarding the experiences of singing for people with advanced chronic respiratory disease. Condition being studied: Advanced respiratory illnesses are disorders that impact the airways and other structures of the lung. People with lung cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and interstitial lung disease (ILD) frequently experience progressive, frightening breathlessness, cough and fatigue, which affect their quality of life. Furthermore, people with advanced chronic respiratory disease (CRD) and their carers experience a high prevalence of loneliness and uncertainty, especially if breathlessness is felt to herald death and thus, require both psychological and practical supportive care to cope with their symptoms.
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MacArtney, John I., Joanna Fleming, Abi Eccles, Catherine Grimley, Helen Wesson, Catriona Mayland, Sarah Mitchell, et al. Impact of Covid-19 pandemic on Hospices (ICoH): Carer Cohort Report. University of Warwick Press, May 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31273/978-1-911675-03-7.

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This report describes the diversity of experiences informal carers for people with life-limiting illnesses who were supported by hospices in the West Midlands during the pandemic. It is one of four cohort reports – the others focus on patients, frontline hospice staff, and senior managers respectively – that form the evidence base for a Policy Report into the impact of Covid-19 on hospices. In these reports we address the nine key themes that were identified as potentially important in our previous collaborative knowledge synthesis (MacArtney et al., 2021) and seek to address some of the policy gaps we identified in our review of recommendations for hospice practice and policy (Langen-Datta et al., 2022). Together these outputs are the result of an Economic and Social Research Council funded study (grant number: ES/W001837/1). This is one of the first studies to contribute an in-depth exploration of hospice-based experiences of the pandemic to the growing body of knowledge about the effectiveness and effects of changes to hospice services, at regional and national levels in response to Covid-19. The aim of this report is therefore to explore experiences of those informal carers of people with life-limiting conditions and the effects of the Covid-19 pandemic on the care and support they experienced, to identify recommendations for clinical practice and healthcare policy. Drawing on these findings, this report offers recommendations for hospices and clinicians who continue to provide care and support for people with life limiting conditions and those that care them during the ongoing pandemic. These recommendations will also be of interest to local commissioners who will need to work with hospices in their region to ensure informal carers receive the support they need, and national policymakers who will need to ensure the necessary resources and guidance are available.
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Xin, Wu, and Xue Tao. The efficacy and safety of neuromodulation in refractory epilepsy: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, April 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.4.0042.

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Review question / Objective: To assess the efficacy and safety of different neuromodulation applied to the refractory epilepsy and provide a better choice for clinical practice. Condition being studied: Epilepsy is a frequent neurologic illness defined by bursts of hypersynchronized neural network activity that afflict about 1% of the global population. Unfortunately, roughly 30% of people with drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE) continue to experience seizures despite three anti-seizure drugs. In most cases, resective surgery, as the first-line treatment for DRE, is considered a curative therapy for achieving long-term seizure-free status, but about half of patients are not candidates for surgery due to a variety of factors such as multiple/diffuse/widespread seizure foci, epileptic foci arising from eloquent, primary generalized epilepsy, or patients unwilling to undergo surgery. Neuromodulation, albeit palliative, is an important alternative treatment for these individuals to prevent or decrease ictal episodes, which can affect the nervous system in a variety of ways.
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Dahl, Kristina, and Rachel Licker. Too Hot to Work: Assessing the Threats Climate Change Poses to Outdoor Workers. Union of Concerned Scientists, August 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.47923/2021.14236.

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Outdoor workers face severe risks from extreme heat—risks that will increasingly threaten the health and livelihood of tens of millions of outdoor workers in the United States as climate change makes dangerously hot days more frequent and intense. With economic and legal systems that routinely discount their lives and safety, workers who experience heat-related injuries or illnesses on the job have little to no recourse. By midcentury, with no action to reduce global warming emissions, an estimated $37.1 billion in outdoor workers’ earnings would be at risk annually due to extreme heat. Even with bold action to limit emissions, outdoor workers will face severe and rising risks from extreme heat. Policymakers and employers must take actions to protect outdoor workers.
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MacArtney, John I., Joanna Fleming, Abi Eccles, Catherine Grimley, Helen Wesson, Catriona Mayland, Sarah Mitchell, et al. Impact of Covid-19 pandemic on Hospices (ICoH): Patient Cohort Report. University of Warwick Press, May 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31273/978-1-911675-02-0.

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This report describes the diversity of experiences of people with life-limiting illnesses who were supported by hospices in the West Midlands during the pandemic. It is one of four cohort reports – the others focus on carers, frontline hospice staff, and senior managers respectively – that form the evidence base for a Policy Report into the impact of Covid-19 on hospices. In these reports we address the nine key themes that were identified as potentially important in our previous collaborative knowledge synthesis (MacArtney et al., 2021) and seek to address some of the policy gaps we identified in our review of recommendations for hospice practice and policy (Langen-Datta et al., 2022). Together these outputs are the result of an Economic and Social Research Council funded study (grant number: ES/W001837/1) that is one of the first studies to contribute an in-depth exploration of hospice-based experiences of the pandemic to the growing body of knowledge about the effectiveness and effects of changes to hospice services, at regional and national levels in response to Covid-19. The aim of this report is therefore to explore experiences of those with life-limiting conditions the effects of the Covid-19 pandemic on the care and support to identify recommendations for clinical practice and healthcare policy. Drawing on these findings, this report offers recommendations for hospices and clinicians who continue to provide care and support for people with life limiting conditions during the ongoing pandemic. These recommendations will also be of interest to local commissioners who will need to work with hospices in their region to ensure people with life-limiting conditions receive the support they need, and national policymakers who will need to ensure the necessary resources and guidance are available.
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