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Smith, Michael. "Institutionalizing the Comprehensive Approach to EU Security." European Foreign Affairs Review 18, Issue 4 (October 1, 2013): 25–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/eerr2013029.
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Since 2003, the European Union (EU) has developed into a provider of international security services. This capacity has involved a new policy tool, the Common Security and Defence Policy (CSDP), as well as other EU external policy competencies. However, given the complex nature of EU institutions, and the extent to which EU policy domains overlap, the EU has also attempted to impose more coherence on its foreign security actions to improve their effectiveness and raise its overall global profile as a political actor. These efforts are increasingly framed as the 'comprehensive approach' to European security actions. The comprehensive approach refers to the EU's more pro-active, and more coordinated, integration of its various external policy tools to address specific international security problems. This article explains how processes of experiential institutional learning helped generate new ideas regarding the comprehensive approach by examining a range of CSDP operations launched by the EU since 2003, each of which has required a considerable degree of institutional improvisation. This improvisation has inspired new institutional roles and capacities not found in formal treaties, and it suggests a capacity for endogenous institutional development on the part of the EU.
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Dayton, Tian. "Neuropsychodrama in the Treatment of Relational Trauma: Relational Trauma Repair—An Experiential Model for Treating Posttraumatic Stress Disorder1." Journal of Psychodrama, Sociometry, and Group Psychotherapy 64, no. 1 (May 1, 2016): 41–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.12926/0731-1273-64.1.41.
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Neuropsychodrama is a trauma-informed approach to the use of psychodrama. It is experiential, role oriented, and relational; particular attention is paid to what clients experience when they enter the trauma vortex, or the reliving that is often a part of healing from trauma. Relational Trauma Repair, is an experiential, psychoeducational model for treating posttraumatic stress disorder. Clients are led through an experiential, sociometric process that is integrated with research findings on trauma, grief, and positive psychology. The model guides group members through a fluid process that creates “teachable moments” as it heals. Individual growth and learning is often motivated and stimulated through participating with other group members. Relational Trauma Repair teaches about the range of symptoms involved in grief and posttraumatic stress disorder while inspiring clients to reach for positive emotions and forgiveness.
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Kim, Sung-Su, and Sung-Man Bae. "Social Anxiety and Social Networking Service Addiction Proneness in University Students: The Mediating Effects of Experiential Avoidance and Interpersonal Problem." Psychiatry Investigation 19, no. 6 (June 25, 2022): 462–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.30773/pi.2021.0298.
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Objective This study examined the mediating effects of experiential avoidance and interpersonal problems on the relationship between social anxiety and social networking service (SNS) addiction proneness.Methods An online survey was conducted on 400 university students in their 20s across Republic of Korea. The scales used in the study were the Social Interaction Anxiety Scale (SIAS), Korean Acceptance-Action Questionnaire-II (K-AAQ-II), Short form of the Korean Inventory of Interpersonal Problems Circumplex Scale (KIIP-SC), and SNS addiction proneness scale for university students. For data analysis, structural equation modeling was conducted, and phantom variables were used to verify the significance of individual indirect effects of the multiple mediation model.Results Social anxiety had no direct effect on SNS addiction proneness. Experiential avoidance and interpersonal problems completely mediate the relationship between social anxiety and SNS addiction proneness sequentially.Conclusion Our result suggests that experiential avoidance leads to interpersonal problems and SNS addiction proneness. In other words, it is important to alleviate experiential avoidance in treating or preventing interpersonal problems and SNS addiction proneness among university students with social anxiety.
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LONGO, ROBERT E. "Using Experiential Exercises in Treating Adolescents With Sexual Behavior Problems." Sexual Addiction & Compulsivity 11, no. 4 (October 2004): 249–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10720160490900623.
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Urquiza Mendoza, Yamilka. "The Case of “Rosa”: The Importance of Specificity in Our Quest to Integrate Cultural Competence in Practice." Pragmatic Case Studies in Psychotherapy 14, no. 2 (December 15, 2018): 138. http://dx.doi.org/10.14713/pcsp.v14i2.2041.
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This commentary explores Nicole Vigoda Gonzalez’s (2018) treatment of “Rosa” with Accelerated Experiential Dynamic Psychotherapy (AEDP), an attachment-based, relational, and experiential approach effective for treating attachment trauma. I discuss how AEDP also welcomes culturally competent strategies. My focus is the importance of specificity in the inclusion of culturally competent strategies in psychotherapy practice. Specifically, I address the difference between a Caribbean versus an Hispanic identification. I also explore the impact of culture, including race/ethnicity and familial discrimination, in Rosa’s case. Finally, I explore the impact of the therapist’s disclosure, or lack thereof, of her own race/ethnicity in the context of AEDP interventions.
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Longo, Robert E. "An Integrated Experiential Approach to Treating Young People Who Sexually Abuse." Journal of Child Sexual Abuse 13, no. 3-4 (October 31, 2004): 193–213. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j070v13n03_10.
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Boilen, Sara. "Treating Depression and Somatic Symptoms: An Experiential Journey from Eeyore to Piglet." Journal of Therapeutic Schools and Programs 1, no. 7 (2015): 77–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.19157/jtsp.issue.07.01.09.
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Paul, Abhinaba, and Monowar Hussain. "An experiential investigation on the compressibility behavior of cement-treated Indian peat." Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment 79, no. 3 (November 5, 2019): 1471–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10064-019-01623-x.
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Swingle, Mari K., and Paul G. Swingle. "Are You Sure It's AD(H)D?" Biofeedback 44, no. 1 (March 1, 2016): 35–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.5298/1081-5937-44.1.05.
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Top-down procedures for diagnosing and treating conditions such as Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder are, simply stated, logically flawed. The symptoms that form the basis for the diagnosis can be caused by myriad of other factors unrelated to bona fide (i.e., neurologically based) Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. The diagnostic power of the clinically normed, bottom-up electroencephalographic assessment is remarkable and facilitates treatment of the actual causes, neurological and experiential, of children's challenges. Neurotherapeutic treatments of these conditions are often suboptimal because symptom-based protocols are often inaccurate leading to treating the wrong disorder, not the least of which is trying to mollify normal children's behavior.
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Ciocea, Mălina, and Alexandru Cârlan. "Prosthetic memory and post-memory: cultural encounters with the past in designing a museum." Romanian Journal of Communication and Public Relations 17, no. 2 (July 1, 2015): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.21018/rjcpr.2015.2.4.
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<p>This paper1 investigates the sources of representations on the communist period and the type of engagement with the past in an experiential museum, in the context of the National Network of Romanian Museums’ project for a laboratory-museum of Romanian Communism. Our analysis of focus-groups in October-November 2012 explores the public’s expectations in terms of museum experience and engagement with objects and the potential of an experiential museum to facilitate deliberation about the past. We use the conceptual framework of recent studies on postmemory (Hirsch, 2008) and prosthetic memory (Landsberg, 2004, 2009) to focus on ways of building the experiential archive needed to produce prosthetic memory. We consider that such an analysis is relevant for two interconnected problems: the bidirectional relationship between a projected museum of communism and a prospective public, and the methodological insights available for investigating this relation. With regard to the first problem, this paper makes a case for treating museums as a memory device rather than a lieu de memoire and analyses the role of the museum in relation to cultural memory. With regard to the second problem, it offers an example of conducting research on prospective publics which departs from traditional marketing approaches, adopting theoretical insights and analytical categories from specific conceptualizations in the field of memory studies.</p>
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Saudah, Noer, Nursalam Nursalam, Meriana Meriana, and Agus Sulistyono. "Model of Independency Mother in Caring for Preterm Infant based on Experiential Learning Care (ELC)." International Journal of Evaluation and Research in Education (IJERE) 4, no. 4 (December 1, 2015): 200. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijere.v4i4.4512.
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The role of parents have done less during the preterm infant care in hospitals caused dependence in caring for the baby. The Obyective of the study was to development a model of independence of the mother in the care of preterm infants with experiential learning approach based theory of goal attainment. Research’s design used analytic correlational in stage 1 and stage 2 used quasy experimental. The population used all mothers with preterm infants treated in perinatal dr. Wahidin Sudiro Husodo Mojokerto and Prof. Dr Soekandar Mojokerto Hospital with sample size was 28 samples respectively in the treatment group and the control group.Variables used knowledge, decision, action, interaction, experiential learning, and mother independence.The instrumen used questionnaire and checklist. The sample was selected by consecutive sampling method. The study was conducted in August to Desember 2014. In the treatment group was given ELC module and the control group was given treatment by leaflets.Technical data analysts used Partial Linear Square (PLS) and independent t-test. Knowledge maternal of preterm infants was influenced on the increase interaction with λ = 0,167. Decision mother in caring for preterm infants have a significant effect on the improvement of maternal interaction with the nurse with a value λ = 0,664. Measures mother caring for preterm infants have a significant effect on the improvement of maternal interaction with the nurse with a value λ = 0,172. Interaction significant effect on the increase of Experiential Learning mother in caring for preterm infants with a value λ = 0,790. Experiential Learning significant effect on the increase of the independence of mothers caring for preterm infants with a valuei λ = 0,560. Maternal interaction with nurses significant effect on the improvement of maternal autonomy treating preterm infants with a value λ = 0,204. T-test showed a significant difference between treatment groups increase independence and control groups. New finding of study is interaction with the approach of Experiential Learning Care (ELC) through methods role play a stronger in improving the independence than interaction direct to independence. Independence of the mother in caring of preterm infants used nursing interventions in the form of Experiential Learning Care (ELC) more meaningful improvement when compared to the conventional models of intervention. The presence of mothers in the intervention process would trigger a thought process and raises awareness. Awareness will be reflected in the thought process and used as a foothold in the act and acquire new skills to be able to solve the problem. Experiential Learning Care (ELC) can increase the independence of the mother in caring of preterm infants.
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P., Sajina, Asha P.N., and A. K. Muraleedharan. "PHYSICO-CHEMICAL CHARACTERISATION OF UTTAMARASASINDURA: A VALUABLE KUPIPAKWARASAYANAFROM RASARAJACINTAMANI." International Journal of Advanced Research 9, no. 09 (September 30, 2021): 553–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/13448.
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Ayurveda, literally means the science of life is a comprehensive system of health care of great antiquity, based on experiential knowledge and grown with perpetual additions. Rasashatra(Iatrochemistry)is an integrated part of Ayurveda which is based on Rasa (Mercury) and Rasadravyas(Mercury related substances). Rasarajacintamani is a compiled textbook of Rasashastra written in Malayalam language by Vadayattukotta K ParameshwaranPillai.Uttamarasasindura is explained in this textbook along with different types of Rasasinduras. The treatise Rasarajacintamani is reviewed for the specific formulation, Uttamarasasindura. Analytical study is needed to evaluate the proper formation and chemical composition of the medicine.Contexual reviewing revealed that Uttamarasasindura is a multidimensional remedy of clinical practice.
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Mak, Yim-Wah, Alice-Yuen Loke, and Doris Y. P. Leung. "Acceptance and Commitment Therapy versus Social Support for Smoking Cessation for People with Schizophrenia: A Randomised Controlled Trial." Journal of Clinical Medicine 10, no. 19 (September 22, 2021): 4304. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm10194304.
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Smoking is prevalent among people with schizophrenia. It has been found that Acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) is effective for treating psychotic symptoms and addictive behaviours, but the therapy has not been modified to help individuals with schizophrenia to quit smoking. A randomised controlled trial was conducted with the objective of comparing a 10-week, individual, face-to-face ACT programme (n = 65) to a social support programme on smoking cessation, experiential avoidance, and emotion-regulation strategies among people with schizophrenia who smoke (n = 65). The primary outcome was self-reported smoking abstinence for 7 days at 6 months after the start of the intervention. Secondary outcomes were self-reported and biochemically validated quit rates post-intervention. The Avoidance and Inflexibility Scale (AIS), Acceptance and Action Questionnaire II (AAQII), and Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ) were employed. The self-reported quit rates in the ACT group were higher than in the social support group, although no significant differences were found (6 months: 12.3% vs. 7.7%, p = 0.56, 12 months: 10.8% vs. 7.7%, p = 0.76). We found significantly greater improvements in smoking-specific and ACT-specific experiential avoidance and less reliance on emotion regulation strategies in the ACT group at some time points. Overall, ACT is better than social support at enhancing experiential avoidance and reducing reliance on emotion regulation strategies in adults with schizophrenia who smoke. However, ACT did not produce a much better result than social support in helping them to completely quit smoking.
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Blakey, Shannon M., Ryan J. Jacoby, Lillian Reuman, and Jonathan S. Abramowitz. "The Relative Contributions of Experiential Avoidance and Distress Tolerance to OC Symptoms." Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy 44, no. 4 (December 7, 2015): 460–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1352465815000703.
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Background: Obsessive beliefs account for substantial (but not all) obsessive-compulsive (OC) symptoms. Intolerance of internal experiences (IIE), which encompasses the constructs of experiential avoidance (EA) and distress tolerance (DT), refers to difficulty managing unwanted thoughts, emotions, and other internal states, and might add to current explanatory models. Although IIE appears to be conceptually relevant to obsessive-compulsive (OC) symptoms, scant research has examined this relationship empirically. Aim: The present study examined the relative contributions of EA and DT as predictors of OC symptom dimensions. Method: A nonclinical sample (n = 496) completed self-report questionnaires measuring general distress, EA, DT and OC symptom dimensions. Results: All variables of interest were significantly (all ps ≤ .001) correlated with one another, such that higher general distress, higher EA, and lower DT were associated with greater OC symptom severity for all symptom dimensions; however, only EA independently predicted obsessional symptoms, but not other OC symptom dimensions. Conclusions: One's willingness to endure (i.e. EA), rather than their ability to tolerate (i.e. DT) unpleasant internal experiences best predicts obsessional symptoms (i.e. obsessing) above and beyond general distress. Potential implications for understanding, assessing, and treating OC symptoms are discussed.
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Alvarizy, Ahmad, and Yosini Deliana. "KOMPETENSI BARISTA DALAM MENYAMPAIKAN EXPERIENTIAL MARKETING DI COFFEE SHOP DI KOTA BANDUNG." Mimbar Agribisnis: Jurnal Pemikiran Masyarakat Ilmiah Berwawasan Agribisnis 7, no. 2 (July 30, 2021): 1338. http://dx.doi.org/10.25157/ma.v7i2.5338.
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People have now made drinking coffee in coffee shops a new culture. Many people who are interested in getting into the coffee business because of the market potential are eager to explore the brewing process and want to share with those around them. One of the determinants of a coffee shop business success is the presence of a barista. Barista is the name for someone whose job is to make and serve coffee to customers. Therefore, baristas must have competence in delivering Experiential marketing such as treating customers as friends, remembering customers' names, and always smiling and baristas must have competence in accordance with the regulations of the Ministry of Manpower and Transmigration. The purpose of this research is none other than knowing the level of competence of baristas in conveying the values of experimental marketing and knowing the level of competence of baristas according to SKKNI No. 370 of 2013. This research was conducted using a questionnaire to baristas with quantitative techniques and conducting interviews with informants. The results of this study indicate that the majority of baristas are competent in applying this aspect of Experiential marketing. Based on the measurement of barista competence according to SKKNI Barista, it can be concluded that the majority of baristas are very capable of meeting the standards even though the majority of baristas do not know these standards and also only a small proportion of baristas who are respondents have attended Barista Schools.
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Bennett, Bindi, and Elise Woodman. "The Potential of Equine-Assisted Psychotherapy for Treating Trauma in Australian Aboriginal Peoples." British Journal of Social Work 49, no. 4 (June 1, 2019): 1041–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bjsw/bcz053.
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AbstractColonisation and subsequent policies targeting Aboriginal peoples in Australia have had devastating consequences, including trauma, disadvantage and marginalisation. These effects have passed from generation to generation and continue to manifest in poor health and well-being outcomes, particularly mental health disorders. Innovative and culturally relevant techniques are needed to remedy inequality and address intergenerational trauma. Equine-assisted psychotherapy (EAP)—an experiential therapy involving horses—is a new and increasingly evidence-based treatment approach, which offers potential for working with Aboriginal peoples. This article reviews the literature on outcomes of EAP to consider its potential as a culturally responsive therapy to treat trauma and increase well-being for Aboriginal people in Australia.
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Green, Lance B. "The Use of Imagery in the Rehabilitation of Injured Athletes." Sport Psychologist 6, no. 4 (December 1992): 416–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/tsp.6.4.416.
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The purpose of this treatise is to provide an educational text that (a) cites existing literature supporting a mind-body paradigm for rehabilitation from psychophysiological and psychomotor perspectives, (b) demonstrates the application of imagery techniques within the chronology of an athletic injury, and (c) describes the performance-related criteria to which an athlete can compare his or her progress during rehabilitation. The chronology includes the period of time preceding the injury, the attention given to the athlete immediately following the injury, and the subsequent rehabilitation program leading to the athlete’s return to practice and competition. Examples of imagery experientials are used to illustrate its application throughout the chronology.
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Yahav, Amit. "Sonorous Duration: Tristram Shandy and the Temporality of Novels." PMLA/Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 128, no. 4 (October 2013): 872–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1632/pmla.2013.128.4.872.
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This essay tracks relations between Laurence Sterne's sonorous prose and his discussions of time in Tristram Shandy (1759-67), identifying a novelistic technique of rhythmic narration geared to represent experiential temporality. I call this technique sonorous duration, and I demonstrate how it conveys a pulsating embodied experience shared by intradiegetic communities as well as by readers. After giving a brief account of early musicology and eighteenth-century elocutionary treatises to indicate the cultural context in which Sterne develops his notions of rhythm and duration, I offer close readings of key scenes in Tristram Shandy that exemplify a novelistic interest in sonority as a means for representing shared and embodied temporal experience. In conclusion I consider the implications these durational readings have for formalist discussions by critics such as Gérard Genette and Garrett Stewart.
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Ronen, Tammie. "From What Kind of Self-Control Can Children Benefit?" Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy 9, no. 1 (January 1995): 45–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/0889-8391.9.1.45.
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Meta-analyses have raised doubts concerning the effectiveness of cognitive methods for treating children’s disorders. This article contends that these doubts stem predominantly from the lack of a basic theoretical model for treating children with cognitive therapy, in contrast with the paradigm existing for adults. In view of the variety of different cognitive techniques used to solve children’s problems, this article presents an adaptation to children of Rosenbaum’s (1993) three types of self-control as a model for reference and comparison: redressive, reformative, and experiential. It is suggested that most children can benefit from cognitive therapy in general and from self-control training in particular. This can occur if treatments are designed in terms of developmental stage, socioeconomic background, and the nature of children’s problems regarding etiology and overcontrolled versus undercontrolled disturbances. This report aims to facilitate the therapist in adapting the appropriate cognitive techniques to the child’s specific behavioral problem, needs, and cognitive style.
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Yadav, Deepak, Anju Dhawan, Ravindra Rao, and Indra Mohan. "From the Streets to a Home: An Experiential Account of Treating Homeless Substance Abusers in India." Journal of Social Work Practice in the Addictions 8, no. 1 (June 13, 2008): 163–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15332560802112110.
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Olfert, Melissa D., Rachel A. Wattick, and Rebecca L. Hagedorn. "Experiential Application of a Culinary Medicine Cultural Immersion Program for Health Professionals." Journal of Medical Education and Curricular Development 7 (January 2020): 238212052092739. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2382120520927396.
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Nutrition is a key factor in preventing and treating long-term disease. Patients should be advised to follow evidence-based dietary patterns, such as the Mediterranean diet, which has shown success in preventing or managing a variety of long-term diseases. All health professionals can play a role in providing nutrition advice to patients; however, many have shown an overall low nutrition knowledge and self-efficacy in counseling patients. Because of this, there is a call by health professional organizations for an increase in the applied nutrition education of health professionals. Increasing Culinary Health Opportunities for Professionals is a learn-first, practice second experiential learning program with currently practicing or aspiring health professionals aimed to increase nutrition knowledge, self-efficacy, attitudes, and dietary intake. Currently practicing health professionals (n = 15) and aspiring health professionals (n = 14) were recruited to participate in a 16-week online course on culinary medicine and the Mediterranean diet followed by a 2-week cultural immersion in Tuscany, Italy. Participants were taught the Mediterranean diet and lifestyle, culinary medicine, nutrition counseling, and cultural comparisons in the online course. In Tuscany, participants completed culinary lessons, organic farm tours, food production facility tours, and various tastings of Mediterranean foods. Participants completed a 51-item survey that measured nutrition knowledge, self-efficacy, attitudes, and Mediterranean diet adherence at baseline, post-online education, and post-cultural immersion. Mann-Whitney U tests were used to determine differences in mean scores between cohort 1 (currently practicing) and cohort 2 (aspiring). Results showed that cohort 1 had a greater increase in knowledge (1.07 ± 0.40 vs −0.87 ± 0.40, P = .0069) and self-efficacy (0.74 ± 0.24 vs 0.01 ± 0.24, P = 0.0441) from pre-post course, but at the conclusion of the cultural immersion, there were no significant differences between cohorts in mean changes in attitude, knowledge, self-efficacy, or Mediterranean diet scores from baseline. These results suggest that implementation of this curriculum can be equally effective in increasing nutrition-related attitudes, self-efficacy, and Mediterranean diet adherence for both currently practicing and aspiring health professionals.
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Gauvreau, Philippe, and Stéphane Bouchard. "Preliminary Evidence for the Efficacy of EMDR in Treating Generalized Anxiety Disorder." Journal of EMDR Practice and Research 2, no. 1 (March 2008): 26–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/1933-3196.2.1.26.
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This preliminary study sought to evaluate the potential effectiveness of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) as a treatment modality for generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). Using a single-case design with multiple baselines across four subjects, the effectiveness of 15 EMDR sessions was evaluated. Results indicate that subsequent to targeting the experiential contributors to GAD and the current and anticipated situations that caused excessive worry, the scores of anxiety and of excessive worry dropped to levels below diagnostic threshold and in two cases to full remission of GAD symptoms. At both posttreatment and at 2 months follow-up, all four participants no longer presented with GAD diagnosis. In addition, time-series analyses (ARMA) indicate statistically significant improvement on both daily measures of worry and anxiety over the course of the EMDR treatment.
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Waseem, Ansar, and Yasir Rashid. "Exploring The Role Of Phronesis In Social Innovation: A Case Study Of Dr. Ruth Pfau." Pakistan Journal of Applied Social Sciences 9, no. 1 (March 8, 2019): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.46568/pjass.v9i1.325.
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Although recent literature on social innovation proclaims its virtue in addressing unmet social needs. Yet little is known about the relationship between phronesis and social innovation. This paper aims to explore how a social entrepreneur uses phronesis in addressing a social problem. Taking case study as qualitative research inquiry, this paper uses the interviews and life account of Dr. Ruth Pfau (Late) on how she incorporated her phronesis in treating patients suffering from leprosy. The empirical evidences collected were analyzed using GIOIA data analysis. The results of the data analysis show that a social entrepreneur employs his/her practical wisdom, experiential knowledge, and value judgment in combating a social issue, and in doing so, uses phronesis in addressing a social problems and creating social innovation.
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Versteeg, Wytske, Hedwig te Molder, and Petra Sneijder. "“Listen to your body”: Participants’ alternative to science in online health discussions." Health: An Interdisciplinary Journal for the Social Study of Health, Illness and Medicine 22, no. 5 (April 12, 2017): 432–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1363459317695632.
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We present a discursive psychological analysis of how the idiomatic expression “Listen to Your Body” is deployed in online forum discussions about ADHD medication and aspartame. The Listen to Your Body device allows participants to demonstrate to others that they take their health seriously and for that reason avoid scientific knowledge. They contrast Listen to Your Body with “blindly following science,” presenting Listen to Your Body as the more critical and, therefore, more rational behavior. Instead of treating the idiomatic expression as “anyone’s knowledge,” speakers and recipients compete for the right to own it. It is discussed what these results mean for the role of and relation between experiential knowledge (“lay expertise”) and scientific expertise in online discussions about health issues.
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Hatcher, Helen, Cameron Magrath, and Debbie Critoph Hatcher. "Effect of adolescent and young adult cancer placements on advanced communication skills." Journal of Clinical Oncology 38, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2020): e24182-e24182. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2020.38.15_suppl.e24182.
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e24182 Background: Communication with adolescent and young adult cancer (AYA) patients and their families can be challenging and requires extensive skills, often developed over time. Medical students can be afraid to encounter such challenges and treating teams can be protective of these vulnerable patients. Therefore, medical students can have little contact and experience communicating with AYA putting them at a disadvantage. We have developed a special study module (SSM) for students with the AYA multi-disciplinary team to promote student awareness of the unique challenges of communicating with AYA patients and provide essential skills for later practice. We present the findings from the first year of this module. Methods: Students at the University of Cambridge were offered a 6-week placement with the AYA cancer service. This involved shadowing members of the multi-professional cancer team and time on the AYA ward to talk with patients and their families in order to practice triadic communication skills. Mid-placement, an experiential learning experience with simulated patients focused on triadic interviews was also offered in line with our local clinical communication skills courses. After the module students were questioned about how they felt this had affected their practice and knowledge of communicating with AYA with cancer. Results: 12 students enrolled for the SSM over the year. All students found the placement widened their communication skills as well as their knowledge of AYA cancers and treatments. 4 main areas of learning were evident. 1.The problems faced by AYA patients as they try to establishing independent adult identities in the midst of severe illness or at the end of life and the implications for the triadic interview. 2. Information sharing during patient denial. 3. The AYA perspective: desire for control and their difficulty of communicating. 4.Challenges of communicating well in emotionally-charged situations. Conclusions: Experiential learning during the placement highlighted techniques for balancing both patient and parental involvement during consultations to maximise efficacy of information gathering. AYA cancer placements provide opportunities to develop advanced communication skills and can be augmented with experiential learning.
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Burgess, Peter. "Modelling Subjective Consciousness: A Guide for the Perplexed." Journal of Consciousness Studies 29, no. 7 (July 14, 2022): 32–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.53765/20512201.29.7.032.
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This paper challenges the conventional methodological tendencies of current monistic treatments of subjective consciousness (SC). I argue that it is highly unlikely that any one position will 'solve' the SC problem, as monism supposes. Instead, I argue for treating theories of SC akin to scientific models, that (like models) theories only apply under certain empirical conditions, where each simply explains a necessary aspect of SC. Hence, a pluralistic, rather than monistic, approach is preferable to the literature as a whole. In lieu of conventional metaphysics, I advocate applying a form of scientific realism to models of SC, scientific perspectivism. As authors must rely on some intuitive and/or experiential description of what is problematic about SC, theories are better treated as models deriving from a plurality of interpretive perspectives.
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Nanay, Bence. "Unconscious mental imagery." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 376, no. 1817 (December 14, 2020): 20190689. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2019.0689.
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Historically, mental imagery has been defined as an experiential state—as something necessarily conscious. But most behavioural or neuroimaging experiments on mental imagery—including the most famous ones—do not actually take the conscious experience of the subject into consideration. Further, recent research highlights that there are very few behavioural or neural differences between conscious and unconscious mental imagery. I argue that treating mental imagery as not necessarily conscious (as potentially unconscious) would bring much needed explanatory unification to mental imagery research. It would also help us to reassess some of the recent aphantasia findings inasmuch as at least some subjects with aphantasia would be best described as having unconscious mental imagery. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Offline perception: voluntary and spontaneous perceptual experiences without matching external stimulation’.
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Fernández-Jiménez, E., E. Castillo-Gordillo, J. Pastor-Morales, V. Sanz-Largo, and F. Rivas-Marín. "Experiential avoidance versus acceptance: Differentiating between primary and secondary disturbances in rational-emotive behavior therapy." European Psychiatry 26, S2 (March 2011): 1306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(11)73011-5.
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IntroductionAlbert Ellis’ Rational Therapy, founded in 1955, evolved into Rational-Emotive Therapy (RET) in 1959; and finally as Rational-Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT) in 1992. This evolution has showed, much more, its resemblance to Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) (Ellis, 2005). REBT highlights treatment of secondary disturbances (berating oneself for having symptoms), beyond primary ones (nosographical symptoms), because these are ways of control and experiential avoidance which foster suffering.ObjectivesTo treat primary anxiety in a patient reducing his secondary disturbance through TREC.MethodsParticipants: A 40-year-old man diagnosed with Panic Disorder who attended a Public Mental Health Service. He was being treated with Alprazolam y Lorazepam, which he has taken before psychotherapy.Design, materials and procedure: It's implemented a single-subject AB design during 4 months (7 therapeutic sessions). It's applied a weekly self-report to record panic attack frequency and variations in anxiolytics-taken. C Young (p < 0.01) was used for statistical analysis of data and the method of least squares to obtain trend line. 16 measures were registered at a weekly interval.ResultsSignificant declining trends are observed in panic attack frequency (C = .750, Zo = 3.201, Zt = 2.240), and collaterally in anxiolytics-taking (Alprazolam: C = .811, Zo = 3.462, Zt = 2.240; Lorazepam: C = .801, Zo = 3.420, Zt = 2.240) from beginning of therapy.ConclusionsTechniques targeting symptoms-extirpation induced intolerance and self condemnation feelings when patient didn’t achieve the wanted control (as way of destructive experiential avoidance -Luciano and Hayes, 2001). Treating these feelings (secondary disturbance), based on symptomatology acceptance (Ellis, 2005), decreased distress related to panic attacks and paroxysmal crisis frequency itself.
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Arean, Patricia A., Jennifer Alvidrez, Mitchell Feldman, Lowell Tong, and Rebecca Shermer. "The Role of Provider Attitudes in Prescribing Antidepressants to Older Adults: Leverage Points for Effective Provider Education." International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine 33, no. 3 (September 2003): 241–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/r57t-2a9n-nu19-gntu.
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Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine if primary care provider knowledge of late-life depression, attitudes about treatment of depression in late life, and experience treating late-life depression affect the likelihood internists would prescribe antidepressants to older patients. Methods: This study was a primary care provider survey study. From a pool of 456 eligible mailed surveys, 253 providers completed (55% response rate) a survey assessing provider self-reported knowledge about treating late-life depression with antidepressants, their attitudes about older patients' acceptance and response to antidepressant medications, their professional and personal experience with antidepressant medication, and their comfort with prescribing antidepressants to older patients was created for this study. Results: Univariate analyses indicated that 75% of primary care providers were knowledgeable about the use of antidepressant treatment in older people, and 86% said they felt comfortable treating depression in older patients. Multivariate analyses indicated that the decision to treat older patients with antidepressants was largely influenced by time to treat patients, provider belief that antidepressants could treat late-life depression, their comfort with treating late-life depression, and having had older patients respond to anti-depressant treatment in the past ( R2 = .52, p < .001). Conclusions: This study shows that attitudinal and experiential factors play an important role in the likelihood that a provider will treat an older, depressed patient with an antidepressant, more so than knowledge about how to prescribe an anti-depressant to older patients. Residency programs for primary care practitioners should include education about the efficacy of antidepressant treatment in older people and should involve hands-on experience in treating late-life depression.
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Yu, R. F., S. L. Liaw, B. C. Cho, and S. J. Yang. "Dynamic control of a continuous-inflow SBR with time-varying influent loading." Water Science and Technology 43, no. 3 (February 1, 2001): 107–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2001.0125.
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The conventional sequential control of Sequencing Batch Reactor (SBR) is designed with fixed time periods for various operation phases. However, both of the flow rates and qualities of influent vary over time, therefore, a big capacity of wastewater equalization unit is required to cope with influent variability. Such an equalization unit increases the total treatment costs of the system, especially in a small-scale wastewater treatment system. Moreover, in using a SBR treating a time-varying influent loading with conventional sequential control, the system performance cannot be optimized. This paper presents the application of on-line ORP and pH monitoring to dynamically control a continuous-inflow SBR with time-varying loading of influent flow rates and water qualities. Experiential results show that the dynamic controlled SBR revealed not only achieved better substrate removal efficiencies, but also reduced treatment costs.
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Luo, Mengyu, Jian Xiao, and Wenyu Zhong. "Engaging With Objects and Feelings: The Making of Live Music Space in Shanghai’s Livehouses." SAGE Open 12, no. 3 (July 2022): 215824402211239. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/21582440221123914.
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Livehouse is a small venue for live music performance, a term commonly used in the Asian context. This article adopts an insider’s perspective to look at the connections between livehouse and its audiences. Instead of treating spaces and objects as silent textures of live music experiences, we regard livehouse as an active site filled with ideas and feelings. The meaning of livehouse is made by audiences through both human and non-human agents and extends to the broader social and cultural context of Shanghai. By highlighting the power of things and networking in between, this article combines the affordance theory to illustrate the experiential dimensions and interpretive processes of livehouse audiences in Shanghai. Drawing on ethnographic data from 26 in-depth interviews and participant observation, we conclude the social, cultural, and emotional affordances of livehouses perceived through tangible and intangible objects and settings.
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Rodrigues, Margarida, Emmanuel Duran, Bernd Eschgfaeller, David Kuzan, and Karen Habucky. "Optimizing Commercial Manufacturing of Tisagenlecleucel for Patients in the US: A 4-Year Experiential Journey." Blood 138, Supplement 1 (November 5, 2021): 1768. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2021-144897.
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Abstract Background: Tisagenlecleucel (Kymriah) is an autologous CD19-directed CAR-T-cell therapy, approved in Aug-2017 for treating children and young adults with relapsed/refractory (r/r) acute lymphoblastic leukemia and in May-2018 for treating adults with r/r diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Post-approval, a key goal has been to upscale and continuously improve manufacturing success and turnaround time in the commercial settings to meet the needs of a global patient population. Here we report accrued experience from our 4-year journey of optimizing the commercial tisagenlecleucel manufacturing process at the US site (Morris Plains, NJ), for faster and successful delivery to patients in the US. Methods: As reported previously, the tisagenlecleucel manufacturing process includes leukapheresis of the patient's peripheral blood mononuclear cells, enrichment and activation of T cells, transduction of the lentiviral vector containing the anti-CD19 CAR transgene, activation with anti-CD3/CD28 antibody-coated beads, expansion in cell culture, washing, and formulation of the viable cells into a cryoformulation medium. The final product is then cryopreserved, shipped back to the treatment center and infused to patients (Tyagarajan, 2020). Use of cryopreserved leukapheresis material as the starting point in commercial manufacturing is unique to tisagenlecleucel; this allows flexibility in terms of scheduling leukapheresis when a patient's health is optimal to provide T cells, and also helps offset logistical challenges (Tyagarajan, 2019). Results: As of Jun-2021, tisagenlecleucel has been manufactured for >5000 patients worldwide, enabled by Novartis's significantly increased global manufacturing footprint at six sites strategically located across six countries (US, France, Switzerland, Germany, Japan and Australia) and a global treatment network of >340 certified centers, including 127 centers in the US. Specifically for the US manufacturing site, between Dec-2020 and Jun-2021, 376 patients in the US had starting material available for manufacturing. Overall, the manufactured product was available for shipment for 98% of patients (shipping success rate [SSR]). The commercial manufacturing success rate (MSR) was 96%, with an out-of-specification (OOS) rate of <3% and no OOS for viability. All ten OOS batches were released for infusion as benefit:risk assessment was positive. Manufacturing was cancelled for two patients upon physician's request. Immediate manufacturing capability without waiting time was available on receipt of all apheresis starting materials. The median time from start of manufacturing to shipping was 20 days. As is evident, the COVID-19 pandemic did not appear to have significantly affected the success rate or manufacturing turnaround time. These latest success metrics, reflecting significant improvements from 2018 to 2021 in MSR (69% to 96%), SSR (93% to 98%), and overall OOS rate (26% to 2%) including viability OOS rate (from 25% to 0%), are a result of upscaling the manufacturing capabilities, enhancements with hospitals focusing on optimizing apheresis collection and cryopreservation procedures, and continuous evaluation and improvement of the manufacturing process since tisagenlecleucel was first launched (Figure). Two key process and analytical improvements that were considered to have improved robustness of manufacturing and testing processes, reduced OOS rates, and minimized variability in turnaround time were introduced towards the end of 2020. Firstly, a simplified sample preparation procedure for final product cell count and viability measurement, which is more reflective of final product at infusion. Secondly, an alternate serum source (5% plasma-derived human AB serum [PD hABs]) which further improves process robustness with a trend towards improved growth and higher peak cell counts. Conclusions: Tisagenlecleucel's current global commercial manufacturing footprint and treatment network are well-positioned to meet anticipated future increase in demand for CAR-T therapies. Recent process improvements have significantly increased the MSR (to 96%) and SSR (to 98%), and immediate product availability for patients in need of CAR-T cells. Ongoing and upcoming process improvements are anticipated to further reduce the throughput time, thus allowing more patients faster access to CAR-T therapy. Figure 1 Figure 1. Disclosures Rodrigues: Novartis: Current Employment. Duran: Novartis: Current Employment. Eschgfaeller: Novartis: Current Employment. Kuzan: Novartis: Current Employment. Habucky: Novartis: Current Employment.
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V, Rani. "Human elements from an anthropological point of view." International Research Journal of Tamil 4, SPL 1 (January 24, 2022): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.34256/irjt22s11.
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During the time when the human race lived nomadically without a place, Man was given grammar and the lord of nanilam was Thamizhan. Sangam literary songs are an immovable historical trace of society, which is an experiential experience of Tamils who have touched the top of happiness by treating life as a boon. In Tamil Nadu, ethnic groups are discriminated against on the basis of dinas. This discrimination is in line with anthropological interpretation. Both birth and death were considered sacred in the tribal society. They realized the changes in nature and changed their lives accordingly. Changes are considered to be the stages and steps of the development of the ethnic society. As the tribals of Tamil Nadu merged with the other classes, many cultural elements developed in their lives. Human origin, ethnic identities, primary divisions of anthropology, Tamil origin, speciality of human species, status of tribes in India etc. are explained.
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Komissarov, Sergey, Andreas Eklund, and Mehmet Kocakulah. "The Role of Marketing in Understanding and Controlling Cost of Quality." Journal of Economics and Management Sciences 4, no. 1 (January 13, 2021): p1. http://dx.doi.org/10.30560/jems.v4n1p1.
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In the accounting realm, quality is an increasingly important element in planning, production, distribution and branding of goods and services because of global competition and other external factors in many industries. However, the cost of quality must also be considered as not to add unwanted or unwarranted costs to pass along to the end-customer. Marketing professionals are trained to strategically build and protect their own brand, which may consist of products or services. To achieve high-quality, it is imperative that the accounting and marketing departments work together. The four categories of Quality Costs (Prevention, Appraisal, Internal Failure and External Failure) encompass many different quality activities at different stages in producing goods or services. The research and experiences in the marketing industry based on branding will help to show that most quality initiatives are in fact preventative when the end goal is maintaining a solid consumer base and satisfied consumers. As this study shows, treating the brand as an experiential entity serves as a quality facet. This alludes that quality is a facet linking accounting and branding.
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Miranda, Constanza, Fernando Altermatt, Ignacio Villagrán, and Julián Goñi. "Developing an Innovative Medical Training Simulation Device for Peripheral Venous Access: A User-Centered Design Approach." Healthcare 8, no. 4 (October 22, 2020): 420. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare8040420.
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Nurses and other health students may lack the proper time for training procedural tasks, such as peripheral venous access. There is a need to develop these abilities in novices so that errors can be avoided when treating real patients. Nonetheless, from an experiential point of view, the simulation devices offered in the market do not always make sense for educators and trainees. This could make the adoption of new technology difficult. The purpose of this case study is to describe the development of an innovative simulation device and to propose concrete tactics for the involvement of the educators and trainees. We used a participative design based approach, with an ethnographic basis, where incremental cycles of user testing, development and iteration were involved. The study showcases methods from the field of design and anthropology that can be used to develop future simulation devices that resonate with students and educators to achieve a long term learning experience. Results could shed a light on new ways for the involvement of educators and students to create devices that resonate with them, making learning significant and effective.
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MacLeod, Rachel, and Robert Elliott. "Emotion-focused therapy for social anxiety: A hermeneutic single case efficacy design study of a low-outcome case." Counselling Psychology Review 27, no. 2 (June 2012): 7–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.53841/bpscpr.2011.27.2.7.
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BackgroundHermeneutic single case efficacy design (HSCED) has emerged and developed as a rigorous psychotherapy research method for examining the effects of therapy in single cases (Stephen & Elliott, 2011). The effectiveness of Person-centred experiential (PCE) psychotherapies for treating Social Anxiety (SA) has been the specific focus of recent HSCED research, and initial findings have indicated that various strands of PCE therapy have potential to be effective treatments for SA (Stephen, Elliott & MacLeod, 2011; MacLeod, Elliott & Rodgers, 2012).MethodologyHSCED was applied to a low-outcome case in which an individual presenting with SA received 20 sessions of Emotion-focused therapy (EFT). A rich case record, and set of affirmative and sceptic arguments – arguing for and against client change – were developed, based on a body of qualitative and quantitative data gathered over the course of the client’s therapy.FindingsThe client showed evidence of a slight to moderate degree of change. In addition, his therapy was judged to have had a clear but modest effect on outcome.DiscussionFindings, and wider implications for the application of HSCED, are highlighted and discussed.
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Handayani, Septi Wuri, and Muhammad Sholeh Marsudi. "PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN EXPERIENTIAL LEARNING PADA MATA PELAJARAN OTOMATISASI TATA KELOLA SARANA DAN PRASARANA KELAS XI SMK NEGERI 1 PANGKALANBARU." MEDIOVA: Journal of Islamic Media Studies 2, no. 1 (June 27, 2022): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.32923/medio.v2i1.2490.
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One of the objectives of the Office Governance Automation skill competency is to create a workforce who is able to apply their knowledge and skills in the field of office administration automation. Learning in productive subjects is not only conveying concepts, but more emphasis on solving problems that arise in everyday life, practicing their own concept discovery efforts through handling and treating material that is really real. That way students will be more active and easy to understand in the learning process, because the learning model is chosen properly and involves the experiences that students have. With the application of the Experiential Learning learning model in the subject of Automated Management of Facilities and Infrastructure, students become more enthusiastic and enthusiastic in participating in practical learning. One of them is because they have experienced and have their own experiences in their daily lives. Not only in the subject of Automated Management of Facilities and Infrastructure, but also in other subjects. By having their own experience, students become better prepared in solving cases or problems that occur in their daily lives. Students' critical, creative and innovative thinking skills can also be developed in responding to various problems that may occur to them later. In addition, the skills of students are also improved in this case the application of the use of office equipment or supplies (office supplies). With increased skills in the use of office equipment or supplies, of course, skills assessment indicators can be met.
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MANI MARAN, DURGA DEVI. "How do I Communicate Sringara Rasa (the Emotion Love) Through Pulaneri Vazhakku (Mode of ‘Sensing’)? Experimental Research Study, Practice-Based." International Review of Social Research 11, no. 1 (December 14, 2021): 254–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.48154/irsr.2021.0025.
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Bharathanatyam is practiced for the purpose of experiencing aesthetic pleasure by the actor, dancer and spectator (Rao, 1997). According to ancient treatises such as the Natya Sastra, dancing should be experiential, sensorial and pleasurable. When dance is transmitted, do these core values of the practice get lost? How can we heighten sensorial ranges through the facilitation of a shift in the transmission and dissemination of learning the component Rasa (emotion)? Some of the problems present in the current landscape of learning Bharathantayam is problematic due to the codification of the traditional form and the authoritarian style rooted in its pedagogy. This has left many students feeling incompetent and as a consequence, made the form unattainable. The purpose of my intervention is to make the learning of Sringara Rasa (the emotion of love) a component in the Bharathanatyam curriculum, accessible to all levels of dancers. I hope to achieve this through a sequential model that interrogates cognitive activities present in the engagement of a role or character performing the emotion. My intervention aims at reexamining the theory and practice of Padams (poetic texts) rooted in the Sringara Rasa (emotion of love) and bridging the gaps in learning this component. When dancers introspect, it allows them to access the sensorial dimension of Bharathanatyam.
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Toquica-Orjuela, Derly J., and Angela M. Henao. "A multiple-baseline evaluation of acceptance and commitment therapy focused on repetitive negative thinking in panic disorder." Revista de Psicoterapia 33, no. 122 (July 1, 2022): 47–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.33898/rdp.v33i122.1148.
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Although cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) is efficacious for treating panic disorder, a segment of the population is not treated due to the treatment length and the acceptability of interoceptive exposure. This study explored the efficacy of a brief protocol based on acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) focused on repetitive negative thinking (RNT) in adults suffering from panic disorder. We designed a 4-session RNT-focused ACT protocol because previous CBT studies considered this length “ultra-brief.” Additionally, although conducting exposure is consistent with the ACT model, we did not include explicit exposure exercises to increase the intervention acceptability. A randomized, multiple-baseline design across three participants was implemented with a 3-month follow-up. The effect of the intervention was evaluated through weekly scores on the Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale – 21 (DASS-21; S. H. Lovibond & P. F. Lovibond, 1995), Penn State Worry Questionnaire (PSWQ; Meyer et al., 1990), and the frequency of panic attacks. After the intervention, all participants ceased to experience panic attacks and showed clinically significant changes in the DASS-Total and PSWQ. The effect sizes comparable across designs were very large and statistically significant for the DASS-Total (d= 2.48), DASS-Depression (d= 1.45), DASS-Anxiety (d= 1.93), DASS-Stress (d= 1.63), and PSWQ (d= 2.36). All three participants also showed clinically significant changes and large effect sizes in experiential avoidance (d= 3.26), cognitive fusion (d= 3.58), and valued living (Progress: d= 0.72, Obstruction: d= 2.43). In conclusion, brief RNT-focused ACT interventions might be efficacious for treating panic disorder
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Ryding, Jennie. "Professional Learning in Family Support Social Work in Sweden." Advances in Social Work 20, no. 3 (January 29, 2021): 615–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.18060/23517.
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The integration of evidence-based practice (EBP) in human service organizations has increased during the last decade. Providing the best possible treatment by applying research and considering the client’s specific needs, EBP is recommended for human service organizations. However, due to its oftentimes manual-based format, critics claim that EBP is a result of increased focus on cost-efficiency, control, and standardization of work. Different conceptualizations of EBP appear to prevail, highlighting the need for more studies that investigate different perspectives and experiences (e.g., that of professionals). In this study, focus group interviews were conducted with family support social workers (n = 19) in Sweden who are trained and active in the evidence-based model Family Check-Up (FCU). Participants reported that FCU promotes professional learning and development, especially experiential learning. Those interviewed felt that research/evidence provided a certain “weight” to the therapeutic situation, so that they were not merely treating patients based on their own opinions. Further, FCU was described as empowering and developmental, with an encouraging, reflective, and reinforcing client-related approach. However, to enable these kinds of positive outcomes of EBP, organizations must provide sufficient time and resources devoted to the practical application of EBP.
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Gold, Neil. "Clinic is the Basis for a Complete Legal Education: Quality Assurance, Learning Outcomes and the Clinical Method." International Journal of Clinical Legal Education 22, no. 1 (February 9, 2015): 84. http://dx.doi.org/10.19164/ijcle.v22i1.406.
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Clinic is the basis for a complete legal education. The time has come to stop treating clinic as a marginal, alternative approach to learning some but not all things requisite for a sound legal education aimed at producing capable practitioners. It is a powerfully effective, experiential and varied, comprehensive approach to the structure and contents of a legal education. I will argue that given a full interpretation of the term “Clinical Legal Education” (CLE), CLE in its many forms can serve as the model for a legal education. Also, in this paper I will examine the relationship between the learning outcomes we have for a legal education and the learning methods characteristic of a variety of forms of clinical legal education. At another time it will be useful to show how assessment of learning through clinic suits the full range of outcomes as well. There is a discussion of the meaning of the term Clinical Legal Education, as I use it, in Section 6. Some readers may wish to come back to the beginning after reading the section entitled “What is clinical legal education?”.
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Adhikari, Khushbu, and Shailesh Mani Pokharel. "Transition of Assessment Tools in Medical Education." Journal of Universal College of Medical Sciences 6, no. 2 (December 3, 2018): 64–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jucms.v6i2.22499.
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Medical education is on an advancement in recent years in Nepal. Our ultimate goal as a medical educationist is to produce a confident “Medical Graduate” who are capable to provide health care to the people belonging to different regions of our country. The curriculum for the medical program helps us achieve this goal. The effectiveness of the curriculum taught is assessed by various methods. There are two types of assessment namely formative and summative assessment. Of the various competencies expected out of an undergraduate only few are assessed in the routine internal and summative assessment examinations. The first and second generation tools such as viva voce and structured essay type questions evaluate the clinical reasoning without addressing other competencies such as social skills. The inadequacy in these assessment methods can hinder our way to achieving our goal. Social skills like communication skills, attitude, professionalism, leadership qualities, and skills of healing patients rather than just treating the disease is to be emphasized and addressed. Hence, third generation assessment like 360 degree assessment, experiential assessment, and portfolio can help us achieve our goal of creating efficient medical graduates which incorporates assessment of social skills as well.
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Ellis, Mark A., Katherine R. Sterba, Terry A. Day, Courtney H. Marsh, Stacy Maurer, Elizabeth G. Hill, and Evan M. Graboyes. "Body Image Disturbance in Surgically Treated Head and Neck Cancer Patients: A Patient-Centered Approach." Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery 161, no. 2 (April 9, 2019): 278–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0194599819837621.
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ObjectiveTo promote patient-centered oncology care through an in-depth analysis of the patient experience of body image disturbance (BID) following surgery for head and neck cancer (HNC).Study DesignQualitative methods approach using semistructured key informant interviews.SettingAcademic medical center.Subjects and MethodsParticipants with surgically treated HNC underwent semistructured key informant interviews and completed a sociodemographic survey. Recorded interviews were transcribed, coded, and analyzed using template analysis to inform creation of a conceptual model.ResultsTwenty-two participants with surgically treated HNC were included, of whom 16 had advanced stage disease and 15 underwent free tissue transfer. Five key themes emerged characterizing the participants’ lived experiences with BID following HNC treatment: personal dissatisfaction with appearance, other-oriented appearance concerns, appearance concealment, distress with functional impairments, and social avoidance. The participant’s perceived BID severity was modified by preoperative patient expectations, social support, and positive rational acceptance. These 5 key themes and 3 experiential modifiers form the basis of a novel, patient-centered conceptual model for understanding BID in HNC survivors.ConclusionA patient-centered approach to HNC care reveals that dissatisfaction with appearance, other-oriented appearance concerns, appearance concealment, distress with functional impairments, and social avoidance are key conceptual domains characterizing HNC-related BID. Recognition of these psychosocial dimensions of BID in HNC patients can inform development of HNC-specific BID patient-reported outcome measures to facilitate quantitative assessment of BID as well as the development of novel preventative and therapeutic strategies for those at risk for, or suffering from, BID.
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Tan, Lingjing, Xiang Zhang, Zhigang Mei, Jinfeng Wang, Xiaoli Li, Weifeng Huang, and Songbai Yang. "Fermented Chinese Formula Shuan-Tong-Ling Protects Brain Microvascular Endothelial Cells against Oxidative Stress Injury." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2016 (2016): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/5154290.
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Fermented Chinese formulaShuan-Tong-Ling(STL), composed of fourteen medicinal herbs, was an experiential formula by Dr. Zhigang Mei for treating vascular encephalopathy, but the underlying mechanisms remained unknown. In this study, we aimed to investigate the protective effects of fermented STL on hydrogen peroxide- (H2O2-) induced injury in rat brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMECs) and the possible mechanisms. Cultured BMECs were treated with H2O2, STL, or nicotinamide (NAM, a SIRT1 inhibitor). Then, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay was employed to detect cell proliferation and senescence-associated beta-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) was used to examine cell senescence. Cell nuclei were observed by 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole. Additionally, changes in reactive oxygen species (ROS), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione (GSH) levels were measured. Expression of SIRT1, p21, and PGC-1αwas determined by western blot. Cell proliferation significantly increased with STL treatment in a dose-dependent manner. H2O2treatment could intensify cell senescence and nuclei splitting or pyknosis. With STL treatment, the reduced ROS level was accompanied by increased SOD and GSH activity. Further assays showed upregulation of SIRT1 and PGC-1αand downregulation of p21 after STL treatment. The results revealed that STL could protect BMECs against oxidative stress injury at least partially through the SIRT1 pathway.
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Cavicchioli, Marco, Mariagrazia Movalli, Pietro Ramella, Giulia Vassena, Francesca Prudenziati, and Cesare Maffei. "Feasibility of dialectical behavior therapy skills training as an outpatient program in treating alcohol use disorder: The role of difficulties with emotion regulation and experiential avoidance." Addiction Research & Theory 28, no. 2 (April 11, 2019): 103–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/16066359.2019.1590558.
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Carty, Jennifer N., Maisa S. Ziadni, Hannah J. Holmes, Janice Tomakowsky, Kenneth Peters, Howard Schubiner, and Mark A. Lumley. "The Effects of a Life Stress Emotional Awareness and Expression Interview for Women with Chronic Urogenital Pain: A Randomized Controlled Trial." Pain Medicine 20, no. 7 (September 24, 2018): 1321–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/pm/pny182.
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Abstract Objective Women with chronic urogenital pain (CUP) conditions have elevated rates of lifetime trauma, relational stress, and emotional conflicts, but directly assessing and treating psychological stress is rarely done in women’s health care settings. We developed and tested the effects on patients’ somatic and psychological symptoms of a life stress interview that encourages disclosure about stressors and uses experiential techniques to increase awareness of links between stress, emotions, and symptoms. Methods In this randomized trial, women with CUP recruited at a multidisciplinary women’s urology center received either a single 90-minute life stress interview (N = 37) or no interview (treatment-as-usual control; N = 25). Self-report measures of pain severity (primary outcome), pain interference, pelvic floor symptoms, and psychological symptoms (anxiety and depression) were completed at baseline and six-week follow-up. Results Differences between the life stress interview and control conditions at follow-up were tested with analyses of covariance, controlling for baseline level of the outcome and baseline depression. Compared with the control condition, the interview resulted in significantly lower pain severity and pelvic floor symptoms, but the interview had no effect on pain interference or psychological symptoms. Conclusions An intensive life stress emotional awareness expression interview improved physical but not psychological symptoms among women with CUP seen in a tertiary care clinic. This study suggests that targeting stress and avoided emotions and linking them to symptoms may be beneficial for this complex group of patients.
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Maloni, Judith A. "Antepartum Bed Rest for Pregnancy Complications: Efficacy and Safety for Preventing Preterm Birth." Biological Research For Nursing 12, no. 2 (August 26, 2010): 106–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1099800410375978.
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Preterm birth is the major maternal—child health issue across developed nations and the leading cause of perinatal mortality and morbidity. Of all deaths of infants <1year of age in the United States in 2005, 68.6% occurred in infants born prior to term. Although the preterm birth rate in European countries is 5-7%, the U.S. preterm birth rate is 12.7%, representing an increase of 9% since 2000. Antepartum bed rest/activity restriction (ABR/AR) has been a mainstay of treatment to prevent preterm birth for the past 30 years prescribed for nearly 1 million women in the United States annually, despite a lack of evidence for its effectiveness. In fact, there is increasing evidence that ABR causes several adverse physiologic and psychological side effects among women and their infants. Unfortunately, these findings have had little impact on clinical practice. This integrative review of literature provides a comprehensive analysis of the evidence for the practice of prescribing ABR and its physiologic, behavioral, and experiential side effects. It also presents a model to guide continuing research about the effects of maternal bed rest as well as evidence supporting the use of home care with bed rest, a different, safe, and feasible model of prenatal care for treating women with pregnancy complications used particularly in other countries. Finally, suggestions to improve the health of high-risk pregnant and postpartum women and their infants are provided.
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Blimling, G. Paul. "The Effect of Integrating Music Listening With an Attachment- And Affective-Focused Short-Term Psychotherapy in an Individual With Relational Trauma: The Case of "James"." Pragmatic Case Studies in Psychotherapy 15, no. 2 (July 12, 2019): 116. http://dx.doi.org/10.14713/pcsp.v15i2.2051.
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The purpose of this study is to explore the utility and feasibility of incorporating client-chosen music listening into a short-term dynamic therapy model in an individual with trauma. Specifically, Diana Fosha’s Accelerated Experiential Dynamic Psychotherapy (AEDP) was chosen due to its focus on emotional experience and attachment. Relevant literature regarding the current clinical applications of music is presented, along with research supporting music’s effects on relevant psychotherapeutic mechanisms such as affect, autobiographical memory, and attachment. These effects are illustrated through the use of the hybrid case example of "James," a composite psychotherapy client who struggles with symptoms stemming from relational trauma. In addition to being informed by clinical examples in relevant psychological literature, James' case is assembled from actual psychotherapy cases of the author. Demonstrating this client’s course of treatment provides an avenue for describing key clinical issues related to the utility of music within a more traditional short-term dynamic therapy model. By adopting a qualitative, disciplined inquiry approach, treatment is tailored to the client’s unique psychological struggles within the context of historical, contextual, and relational factors. Following a pragmatic case study research format (Fishman, 2005), case material is analyzed both qualitatively and quantitatively. Discussion explores how an integrative treatment approach, exemplified in the case of James, can effectively combine psychodynamic, relational, and musical elements in treating individuals with relational trauma and the resulting pathology. James’ case is designed to be a resource for therapists who seek to gain additional understanding of a new component in providing effective and meaningful treatment for individuals with relational trauma.
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Joshi, Manoj, and Apoorva Srivastava. "Family business in transition: a case of PAL." Journal of Entrepreneurship in Emerging Economies 6, no. 1 (February 25, 2014): 72–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jeee-11-2013-0029.
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Purpose – The case aims to deal with multi generation entrepreneurship. Families are about people and businesses are about money, therefore, conflict between the two is inevitable. Family-owned businesses develop competitive edges when they align values, vision, strategy, investment and governance to make both family and business activities more professional and mutually supportive. It is a belief that “treating the business like a family”, driven by values and concern for human needs, creates an organization with motivated people working together to create long-term value. Jitesh Ghai is the MD of Panchamrit Asbestos Ltd (PAL), which stands for PAL. Jitesh has an “experiential learning” with the cement sheet business and has understood the nuances of the business. It is supposedly required that PAL ought to professionalize owing to market infeasibility. Shashwat, his son has diversified interests and therefore desires to spin-off to “Big Apple”. Design/methodology/approach – The case is based on research and secondary information, which has been tested several times, while filling the case gaps during the process. To authenticate information, multiple sources (vendors and customers) of information have been used. Findings – There is a dilemma between the father-son relationship and decision to professionalise or spin-off! It is understood that in multigenerational business, it is not necessary that the subsequent generation keep the same business, but must preserve wealth and traditions. Research limitations/implications – The findings are based on observations on one organisation and research carried through secondary sources, which may limit to theory building. Practical implications – An enterprise largely competes on the basis of available talent, knowledge, competency and capability. Therefore, knowledge must be managed. For survival and growth, business transition must be handled effectively. Originality/value – The case is original with the business family in its second generation striving to survive.
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Polkinghorne, Donald E. "Use of Biography in the Development of Applicable Knowledge." Ageing and Society 16, no. 6 (November 1996): 721–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0144686x00020067.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractA narrative understanding of clients is needed to supplement traditionally developed research for making clinical judgments about which approaches should be used in working with older adults. Narrative biographical knowledge of clients integrates the historical events and happenings of their lives with the social and cultural contexts through which they attribute meaning to their distresses and symptoms. Applications based on narrative knowledge differ from those based on the conventional model. The conventional model draws on general knowledge of what interventions are likely to be effective in treating particular diagnoses. Narrative understanding is concerned in knowing the configuration of past events and present tasks that compose individual lives. Expert practitioners make use of a narrative understanding of their clients in judging their intervention activities. Development of a narrative understanding of present clients can be assisted by consulting narratives of clients with whom a practitioner has previously worked. Narratives are remembered as stories, retaining the patterns and details of the individual clients’ lives. Through experience, practitioners develop a collection of remembered narratives of the clients they have assisted. A practitioner's experiential collection of narratively known clients can be supplemented with narrative biographies and case studies of clients treated by other practitioners. When working with a new client, practitioners can draw on these narratively retained past understandings by comparing the similarities and differences of their present client to a remembered past client. The process of comparison with past narratively understood clients helps the practitioner compose a new narrative that expressly captures the individual life of the present client. This narrative understanding of the client provides an integrated view of the influence of general social and biological contexts with the unique values, aims, and history of the client.