Academic literature on the topic 'Experiment tools kit'
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Journal articles on the topic "Experiment tools kit"
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Andrade, Juan, Anna Waller, and Marcela Gaytan Martinez. "In-Country Method Validation of a Paper-based, Smartphone-assisted Iron Sensor for the Food Fortification Programs." Current Developments in Nutrition 4, Supplement_2 (May 29, 2020): 1158. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzaa056_005.
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Abstract Objectives Food fortification programs and food companies in low-income settings, such as in the case of Mexico, lack the ability to monitor the micronutrients added to staples entering local markets. The purpose of the present work is to validate a user-friendly sampling kit and quantify the final error parameters of a paper-based, smartphone-assisted sensor (Nu3px) for the determination of iron in corn flours within the context of Mexico's food fortification program. Methods Corn flour samples (n = 45) from local brands (n = 6) were collected from supermarkets, convenience stores, and directly from companies in the States of Querétaro, Cuautitlán, Saltillo, and Cuetzalan, Mexico. Iron content was analyzed using atomic emission spectroscopy (AES) and Nu3px. The final error parameters were quantified via method validation final experiments, i.e., replication and comparison of methods experiments. Qualitative categorization of samples (i.e., accept/reject batch) was applied to evaluate Nu3px's against Mexico's fortification policy (cutoff = 40 μg Fe/g flour). A user-centered design process was applied to develop and evaluate a sampling kit consisting of low-cost measuring utensils. Results Iron content in fortified Mexican corn flours varied widely (23–39%). Nu3px's random error was 12% (replication experiment, n = 5) and its bias was 1.79 ± 9.99 μg Fe/g flour (comparison of methods experiment, n = 45). The true mean difference between Nu3px and AES was zero (p > 0.05) and both methods had similar variance (F = 2.40; P > 0.05). AES and Nu3px classified the iron content above/below the cutoff in the same way (100% match, Χ2 = 16.41, P = 0.01). The affordable and user-friendly sampling kit added some random error, but the mean difference was equal to zero (P > 0.05). Both sampling procedures were correlated (r = 0.952, P = 0.01). Conclusions An affordable, user-friendly, and equipment-free sample preparation kit for corn flour samples showed similar precision to using analytical tools. The sample preparation kit along with the paper-based, smartphone-assisted assay measure iron within the performance parameters required for its application to monitor batch quality in the corn flour fortification program in Mexico. Funding Sources Fulbright Garcia-Robles Fellowship, 2019.
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Trunov, Alexandr, Volodymyr Beglytsia, Gennady Gryshchenko, Viktor Ziuzin, and Vitalii Koshovyi. "Methods and tools of formation of general indexes for automation of devices in rehabilitative medicine for post-stroke patients." Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies 4, no. 2(112) (August 31, 2021): 35–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2021.239288.
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The current processes of recovery of post-infarction and post-stroke patients in the context of the establishment of the institution of family doctors and insurance medicine are considered. It was proposed to introduce modules for automation of recovery devices (MARD) to ensure procedures, quality of life and reduce labor costs during the period of long-term recovery. The forms of presentation of the model of the integral indicator are substantiated, which, in accordance with the requirements of the Ministry of Health, assesses the generalized indicator of the patient's statement (GIPS), the quality of medical services and increases the efficiency of data compression. A consistent application of two Euclidean norms is proposed, which leads indicators of dissimilar physical nature to a limited metric space. The relationship between the lower and upper bounds of the GIPS, the error, the width of the sliding window, and the values of the derivatives was established on the basis of the Taylor series expansion, geometric inequality and limited space. The model for evaluating the GIPS as a lower bound and the method for generating information about its properties are substantiated. A three-level comparator is applied and an vector- indicator (VI) is introduced as an informational addition to the time series. Additional capabilities for intelligent analysis are demonstrated. The model of GIPS through VI is presented. The examples of VI values are used to demonstrate its applicability to the intelligent analysis of the recovery process. Openness, accessibility, transparency of GIPS and VI as tools of KIT is implemented by the princes of public administration (PA) by reducing it to quantitative control and comparison if there are quantitative and qualitative indicators in the list. VI, sliding windows, as PA and KIT tools in software (SW) for a diagnostic conclusion and correction of the course of procedures, are numerically investigated. It is demonstrated on examples of a numerical experiment with software how the combined application of the method for calculating the GIPS and VI effectively affects the compression ratio, increasing it to 60–75 %
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Godfrey-Smith, Peter. "Cephalopods and the evolution of the mind." Pacific Conservation Biology 19, no. 1 (2013): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc130004.
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IN thinking about the nature of the mind and its evolutionary history, cephalopods — especially octopuses, cuttlefish, and squid — have a special importance. These animals are an independent experiment in the evolution of large and complex nervous systems — in the biological machinery of the mind. They evolved this machinery on a historical lineage distant from our own. Where their minds differ from ours, they show us another way of being a sentient organism. Where we are similar, this is due to the convergence of distinct evolutionary paths. I introduced the topic just now as ‘the mind.’ This is a contentious term to use. What is it to have a mind? One option is that we are looking for something close to what humans have — something like reflective and conscious thought. This sets a high bar for having a mind. Another possible view is that whenever organisms adapt to their circumstances in real time by adjusting their behaviour, taking in information and acting in response to it, there is some degree of mentality or intelligence there. To say this sets a low bar. It is best not to set bars in either place. Roughly speaking, we are dealing with a matter of degree, though ‘degree’ is not quite the right term either. The evolution of a mind is the acquisition of a tool-kit for the control of behaviour. The tool-kit includes some kind of perception, though different animals have very different ways of taking in information from the world. It includes some form of memory and learning, means by which past experiences can be brought to bear on the present. In some cases it includes problem-solving and planning. Some tool-kits are more elaborate and expensive than others, but they can be sophisticated in different ways, with different tools present and more investment in one technology than another. One animal might have better ways of tracking the environment through its senses, while another may have simpler senses but more sophisticated learning. Different tool kits go with different ways of making a living. The ordinary term ‘mind’ is awkwardly or misleadingly applied to an animal with a very simple behavioural repertoire, but it is parochial to apply it only to humans.
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Deng, Yang, Li Li Ji, Lin Li, Bing Li, and Jian Yu Su. "Development and Application of a Novel Nucleic Amplification Kit on Detection of Several Pathogens." Applied Mechanics and Materials 618 (August 2014): 293–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.618.293.
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Escherichia coliO157,Psuedomonas aeruginosa,Salmonella,Vibrio parahaemolyticusandListeriaare important pathogens for human. With increased awareness in public health, development of a rapid, sensitive, cost-effective and easy-operating bacteriological detection is of the utmost importance and urgent necessity. In this study, we developed and applied a simple amplification kit based on loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) methods for rapid detection of various pathogens includingEscherichia coliO157,Psuedomonas aeruginosa,Salmonella,Vibrio parahaemolyticusandListeria, as well as related virulence. Nine targets, includingrfbE(E. coli-specific),stx1 (coding for Shiga toxin 1),stx2 (coding for Shiga toxin 2),oprI(P. aeruginosa–specific),invA(Salmonella-specific),hlyA(Listeria-specific),tlh(coding for thermolable haemolysin),tdh(coding for thermostable direct haemolysin) andtrh(coding for TDH-related haemolysin), were selected for identification forEscherichia coliO157,Psuedomonas aeruginosa,Salmonella,Vibrio parahaemolyticusandListeria, as well as related virulence.. Six primers, including outer primers, inner primers and loop primers, were specially designed for recognizing eight distinct sequences on the targets. Three solutions labeled A, B and C was included in the kit. The experiment were carried out in a total of 25 μl reaction mixture: solution A containing 1.6 μM (each) of the primers FIP and BIP, 0.2 μM (each) of the primers F3 and B3, 0.8 μM (each) of primers LF and LB; solution B containing 1.6 mM of deoxynucleoside triphosphates, 6 mM MgSO4, 1 M betain (Sigma, St. Louis, MO, USA), 1 X thermopol buffer (New England Biolabs, Ipswich, MA, USA); solution C containing BST polymerase. Twenty-two reference strains, including various species of gram-negative and-positive isolates, were included in this study to evaluate and optimize LAMP assays. Application of the optimized LAMP assays was performed on a total of 200 strains (with 40 strains for each species of the pahtogens). The optimal reaction condition was found to be 65°C for 45 min. Application of the kit assays were performed on various types of pathogens, the sensitivity for the 9 targets was found to be 100%; with a 100% specificity and positive predictive value (PPV) for all the 9 targets targets. In conclusion, the isothermal amplification kits were demonstrated to be useful and powerful tools for rapid differentiation of various pathogens (includingEscherichia coliO157,Psuedomonas aeruginosa,Salmonella,Vibrio parahaemolyticusandListeria), and undoubtedly, the rapidness, easiness and cost-effectiveness of LAMP assay will aid in the broad application of bacteriological detection of common pathogens.
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Poth, Alexander, Mario Kottke, and Andreas Riel. "The implementation of a digital service approach to fostering team autonomy, distant collaboration, and knowledge scaling in large enterprises." Human Systems Management 39, no. 4 (November 11, 2020): 573–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/hsm-201049.
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BACKGROUND: Autonomous acting of individuals and as teams are key elements of agile, distributed, and partly or entirely distant working environments. The availability of relevant processes, methods, tools, and guidelines is key to leveraging team autonomy. OBJECTIVE: This article presents the design and implementation of a digital self-service kit (SSK) approach featuring high scalability, as well as a quality assurance and continuous improvement mechanism. As consumers, the teams within an organization can use these SSK’s anytime and on-demand without any constraints in location, time, or quota. As producers (of knowledge and experience), they can also assume active roles in the extension and continuous improvement of the SSK’s. METHODS: This has been achieved in open community networks where feedback is actively leveraged and constantly integrated in the SSK’s design. Such open Communities of Practices (CoP) ensure that all interested parties can contribute to the adequateness of both the content and the provision of the SSK’s in both local and distant corporate settings. Both the design and implementation have been done and evaluated in a large-scale international corporate environment where high cultural diversity, as well as distant collaboration are of key importance. RESULTS: The results presented in this article include a generic digital self-service approach to distance learning and coaching of teams in the particular context of the agile transformation of large corporate organizations. Key elements include a strong and systematic expert team involvement in the process of the setup and design of such digital SSK’s, as well as a well-explained and understood kit structure for efficient and effective utilization and re-contextualization of the contained knowledge into team-specific project contexts. This contributes to team autonomy as a major prerequisite for the agile transformation, as well as knowledge scaling across the organisation. CONCLUSIONS: The key insights gained from this experiment confirm the high relevance and effectivity of the approach especially during periods where distant collaborations are essential (e.g. during a pandemic crisis).
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Yuan, Haibin, Fengli Liu, Tongsheng Ma, Zhandong Zeng, and Ning Zhang. "miR-338-3p inhibits cell growth, invasion, and EMT process in neuroblastoma through targeting MMP-2." Open Life Sciences 16, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 198–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/biol-2021-0013.
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Abstract This study aimed to explore the regulatory mechanisms of miR-338-3p and matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) in neuroblastoma. Putative target interaction regions of miR-338-3p on MMP-2 were predicted by miRcode and miRbase bioinformatics tools. Relative expression of miRNA-338-3p and MMP-2 in neuroblastoma tissues and GI-LI-N and SK-N-SH cells was determined by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction experiment. Furthermore, the cell proliferation was determined by Cell Counting Kit-8 assay, the cell apoptosis rate was analyzed by flow cytometry assay, and the cell invasion was evaluated by transwell assay. miR-338-3p expression was downregulated, whereas MMP-2 expression was upregulated in metastasis tissue site compared to that in primary tissue site in total. Furthermore, miR-338-3p overexpression suppressed proliferation, invasion, and epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) of neuroblastoma cells but promoted apoptosis, and the knockdown of MMP-2 triggered similar effects. Furthermore, MMP-2 was directly targeted by miR-338-3p, and overexpression of MMP-2 rescued the inhibitory effects of miR-338-3p on human neuroblastoma cell progression. Collectively, these data demonstrated that miR-338-3p could suppress cell growth, invasion, and EMT pathway and induce apoptosis in neuroblastoma cells by targeting MMP-2. MiR-338-3p sponged MMP-2 to regulate the PI3K/AKT pathway in human neuroblastoma cells.
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Zou, Wei, and Jun Cheng. "MiR-887 Promotes the Progression of Hepatocellular Carcinoma via Targeting VHL." Technology in Cancer Research & Treatment 19 (January 1, 2020): 153303382094042. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1533033820940425.
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Background: MiR-887 has been proved to promote the tumorigenesis in diverse cancers, but its function and downstream mechanism in hepatocellular carcinoma remain obscure. Methods: Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was performed to detect the expression levels of miR-887 in hepatocellular carcinoma tissues and cell lines. MiR-887 mimics and miR-887 inhibitor were transfected into Huh7 and MHCC97H to establish miR-887 overexpression or inhibition models. Cell Counting Kit-8 and colony formation experiment were conducted to monitor cell proliferation. Subcutaneous xenotransplanted tumor model and tail vein injection model in mice were also established to further verify the effect of miR-887 on hepatocellular carcinoma in vivo. The targeting relationship between miR-887 and von Hippel-Lindau tumor suppressor (VHL) was determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, Western blot, and luciferase reporter gene assay. Results: miR-887 expression in hepatocellular carcinoma tissues was significantly upregulated. Compared with the control cells, the proliferation and metastasis of cancer cells were enhanced by miR-887 mimics and suppressed by miR-887 inhibitor. Compared with control mice, the volume and weight of subcutaneous tumors of mice in the miR-887 mimics group were significantly elevated, and the significant increase was found in the occurrence of lung metastasis. Moreover, bioinformatics tools showed that miR-887 and VHL had 2 binding sites. Luciferase activity assay demonstrated that miR-887 can inhibit the luciferase activity of VHL, and miR-887 mimics could reduce the expressions of VHL at both messenger RNA and protein levels to increase hypoxia-inducible factor α expression. Conclusion: The upregulation of miR-887 could facilitate the proliferation and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma cells via targeting VHL.
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Fanela, Thiago Luis Martins, Edson Luiz Lopes Baldin, and Ricardo Toshio Fujihara. "New experimental tools for bioassays with whitefly in laboratory." Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira 47, no. 12 (December 2012): 1782–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-204x2012001200015.
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The objective of this work was to develop an experimental kit for assessments of repellency, deterrence for oviposition, and insecticidal activity on adults of the whitefly Bemisia tabaci biotype B. The kit, which consisted of arenas and nebulizer, was effective for conducting bioassays, and the application of aqueous extracts by inhaler was adequate. The techniques are simple, cheap, and may contribute to research on this insect.
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Velychko, Stepan P., and Sergii V. Shulga. "КОМП'ЮТЕРНО-ОРІЄНТОВАНІ ЗАСОБИ ПІДТРИМКИ САМОСТІЙНОЇ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ СТУДЕНТІВ У НАВЧАННІ КВАНТОВОЇ ФІЗИКИ." Information Technologies and Learning Tools 65, no. 3 (July 1, 2018): 103. http://dx.doi.org/10.33407/itlt.v65i3.2225.
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The introduction of modern innovative training technologies in the training of highly skilled specialists involves a significant expansion and increase of the significance of cognitive activity in the educational process of each student, and in particular his individual activity during the implementation of a laboratory practice on the course of general physics, including the study of the section "Quantum Physics". Our scientific researches convincingly prove the expediency of widespread use of computer-oriented means for the purpose of development of independent activity of students in physics and in their high efficiency in solving the problem of integration of the real and virtual experiment from the given section. For this purpose, our computer-oriented training tools and corresponding software products take into account the obligatory availability of successive modules that provide the multifunctionality of the proposed training kit for the physical workshop and practical training tasks from the corresponding section as autonomously (independently of others), for example and integrated with other modules. The isolated modules, on the one hand, are consistent with the types of educational activity of the student, and on the other hand, they contribute to the purposeful management of research work during the physical practice and thus are an important factor in the organization and management of the student's independent work. Such a technique allows the student to attain a sufficiently high level of understanding of each module and, accordingly, at the appropriate level, to master laboratory research on quantum physics, where the subject of study can be presented real or virtual, which simultaneously enhances the professional expertise of future physics teachers and professionals whose activities are " with physics, and also improves the efficiency of independent work of a future specialist.
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Pantilimonescu, Florin, Lucian Constantin Hanganu, Mihaita Peptanariu, Stefan Grigoras, Irina Ionescu, Georgeta Lidia Potop, Alina Iovan-Dragomir, and Stela Carmen Hanganu. "Modular Student Learning Kit for Internet of Things." Applied Mechanics and Materials 659 (October 2014): 601–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.659.601.
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The term Internet of Things as a component of Future Internet is a recent fast growing global network infrastructure which extends Internet with a sensors and actuators shield. The paper presents a hands-on learning kit based on an open standard embedded computer connected to Internet enabling live data processing. The system uses cloud programming tools to add significant value to the education purpose, by including up-to-date innovative technical approaches and pedagogical values for improving the attractiveness and efficiency of the education activities in the engineering area. The learning goal intends to develop the Internet of things as new universe based on smart objects, connected to the Internet via adequate sensors and actuators. This can be an essential tool for a deeper understanding of the main concepts in physics, informatics and math, even in the early steps of learning. Based on cloud programming resources, the hardware-software components use the latest version of low power 32-bit embedded computer development platform and process interfaces to allow data monitoring, remote physical experiments, mobile world supervising, and collaborative project development. As an open standard learning tool, the kit offers a new computational framework able to serve in scientific experiments and discovery-based learning. This study was strongly motivated by the European Union recommendation to support and enrich the university curriculum by engaging students in hands-on engineering and design activities.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Experiment tools kit"
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Köhlerová, Veronika. "Nové možnosti experimentálního zajištění základů přírodovědného vzdělávání." Doctoral thesis, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-327181.
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TITLE: New possibilities of providing basic natural science education through experiments AUTHOR: Mgr. Veronika Köhlerová DEPARTMENT: Department of Chemistry and Chemistry Education SUPERVISOR: Prof. RNDr. Pavel Beneš, CSc. ABSTRACT: The thesis stems from the basic need to support and develop natural science education. Based on didactic, technical-economic and ergonomic requirements, a teaching tools kit has been created, which facilitates 100 natural science experiments. The kit includes a methodological manual; further methodological support is also provided on the webpage of the kit's manufacturer. To complement the kit, a concept of an optional teacher training course Natural Science Experiments for Preschools and Primary Schools has been created. The course will take place at the Pedagogical Faculty of Charles University in the school year 2013/2014. During the course of the thesis, didactic research methods were used to choose, process, test, organize, and optimise educational experiments. The pedagogical methods used included questionnaires and expert testimonials. The thesis provides a substantial response to the current educational needs in the field of natural science pre-literacy already at preschools and natural science literacy at primary schools. KEYWORDS: science experiment, natural science...
Book chapters on the topic "Experiment tools kit"
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Crowe, S. B., T. Kairn, J. V. Trapp, and A. L. Fielding. "Experimental Evaluation of MCDTK, the Monte Carlo DICOM Tool-Kit." In IFMBE Proceedings, 1807–10. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-29305-4_475.
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Nash, Thomas, Matthew Huff, W. Bailey Glen, and Gary Hardiman. "Pipeline for Integrated Microarray Expression Normalization Tool Kit (PIMENTo) for Tumor Microarray Profiling Experiments." In Methods in Molecular Biology, 153–68. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-9004-7_11.
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Consonni, Viviana, and Roberto Todeschini. "Structure –Activity Relationships by Autocorrelation Descriptors and Genetic Algorithms." In Chemoinformatics and Advanced Machine Learning Perspectives, 60–94. IGI Global, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-61520-911-8.ch005.
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Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationships (QSARs) are models relating variation of molecule properties, such as biological activities, to variation of some structural features of chemical compounds. Three main topics take part of the QSAR/QSPR approach to the scientific research: the representation of molecular structure, the definition of molecular descriptors and the chemoinformatics tools. Molecular descriptors are numerical indices encoding some information related to the molecular structure. They can be both experimental physico-chemical properties of molecules and theoretical indices calculated by mathematical formulas or computational algorithms. In the last few decades, much interest has been addressed to studying how to encompass and convert the information encoded in the molecular structure into one or more numbers used to establish quantitative relationships between structures and properties, biological activities or other experimental properties. Autocorrelation descriptors are a class of molecular descriptors based on the statistical concept of spatial autocorrelation applied to the molecular structure. The objective of this chapter is to investigate the chemical information encompassed by autocorrelation descriptors and elucidate their role in QSAR and drug design. After a short introduction to molecular descriptors from a historical point of view, the chapter will focus on reviewing the different types of autocorrelation descriptors proposed in the literature so far. Then, some methodological topics related to multivariate data analysis will be overviewed paying particular attention to analysis of similarity/diversity of chemical spaces and feature selection for multiple linear regressions. The last part of the chapter will deal with application of autocorrelation descriptors to study similarity relationships of a set of flavonoids and establish QSARs for predicting affinity constants, Ki, to the GABAA benzodiazepine receptor site, BzR.
Conference papers on the topic "Experiment tools kit"
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A. E. Silva, Luciano, Ivan Barroso, Alexsander Menezes, Alessandro R. L. Zachi, Milena F. Pinto, and Aurélio G. Melo. "Development of a Control Systems Training Module for Application on Undergraduate Engineering Classes." In Congresso Brasileiro de Automática - 2020. sbabra, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.48011/asba.v2i1.1026.
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Student access to laboratory experiments is critical in undergraduate engineering courses since it integrates theory and practice. The access of students to such practical examples helps them to understand and apply what is learned. However, due to rapid technological advancement, educational kits can quickly become obsolete. Besides, there are many known commercial platforms for training.Many of them have steep prices, which makes their availability dicult for every student. The present work proposes a low-cost ATMEGA-based system as the main device for an educational tool for training Control System Theory. The system enables the students to test dierent control strategies through the use of a simple educational kit.
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Chang, Chenghung P., Felipe Arango, Sven K. Esche, and Constantin Chassapis. "On the Assembly of Experimental Setups in Virtual Laboratory Environments." In ASME 2007 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2007-42997.
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Recently, the prospects of virtual laboratory environments developed using commercial multi-player computer game engines and their associated software development kits for providing undergraduate engineering and science students with engaging and interactive laboratory experiences have started to be explored. There is a strong potential for such virtual laboratory environments to be readily accepted by today’s students who are accustomed to using advanced communication and entertainment technologies. While online laboratories based on either remotely operated hardware or pure software simulations are often criticized for lacking student interactivity and for being limited to the data collection and result analysis aspects of traditional hands-on laboratories, these shortcomings can be overcome with virtual laboratory environments implemented based on multi-player computer game engines. For instance, game engines allow one to include into the experimental procedure the assembly process of the experimental setups before carrying out any data collection. Furthermore, such virtual laboratory environments can facilitate and even force certain interactions by the students of a laboratory group. This paper discusses recent developments at Stevens Institute of Technology (SIT) that enable students to assemble laboratory equipment inside a virtual laboratory environment implemented using the “Source” game engine (1) and “Source” software development kit (2). In this environment, the students can interactively select and assemble components of laboratory hardware into complete experimental setups, which are subsequently used in experimental procedures. This assembly process can be performed in a cooperative fashion with multiple students collaboratively interacting with each other as well as with the experimental equipment. Such game-based educational tools are expected to find applications for teaching and training in a wide array of fields.
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Chang, Chenghung P., Felipe Arango, Dror Kodman, Sven K. Esche, and Constantin Chassapis. "Utilization of Immersive Collaborative Student Laboratory Simulations Developed Using a Game Engine." In ASME 2006 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2006-14532.
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Recently, commercial game engines and the associated software development kits have reached a level of maturity where it becomes feasible to rapidly and efficiently develop and deploy software for generating virtual environments. This paper will discuss the various possible ways of developing interactive multiplayer simulations for student laboratory instruction and professional training. Instead of developing software from the ground up, an existing commercial game engine and its corresponding software development kit (SDK) can be used as development tools for building such educational content. In doing so, the developers can take advantage of the game engines' advanced methods for generating animated graphics, simulating physical interactions between 3D objects, as well as facilitating multiplayer dynamics. Based on this approach, various usage scenarios can be developed cost-effectively. These can then be explored by the students or trainees in an inherently safe and immersive manner. Furthermore, the educational content can be tailored to address the students' different learning modalities. A number of predefined scenarios can be constructed, which exercise the students' problem solving skills by mimicking typical problems that might occur when carrying out actual hands-on experiments. In addition, the experimental scripts imbedded within the system allow one to monitor - and possibly even enforce - active participation and collaboration by all students of a laboratory group, which are considered two crucial factors in improving learning. This multi-disciplinary research is being carried out at Stevens Institute of Technology (SIT) with funding from a multi-year grant by the National Science Foundation's Information Technology Research program.
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Mak, Lawrence, Brian Farnworth, Eugene H. Wissler, Michel B. DuCharme, Wendell Uglene, Renee Boileau, Pete Hackett, and Andrew Kuczora. "Thermal Requirements for Surviving a Mass Rescue Incident in the Arctic: Preliminary Results." In ASME 2011 30th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2011-49471.
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Maritime and air traffic through the Arctic has increased in recent years. Cruise ship and commercial jet liners carry a large number of passengers. With increased traffic, there is a higher probability that a major disaster could occur. Cruise ship and plane accidents could be catastrophic and may require mass rescue. Due to the remote location, limited search and rescue resources, time for these resources to get to the accident location and large number of survivors, the retrieval time could be several days. Therefore, survivors may be required to survive on their own for days while they await rescue. Recognizing that the International Maritime Organization does not have specific thermal performance criteria for liferafts and lifeboats and personal and group survival kits, the Maritime and Arctic Survival Scientific and Engineering Research Team (MASSERT) initiated a research project to improve safety and provide input for advances to regulations. The objective of the project is to investigate if the current thermal protective equipment and preparedness available to people traveling in the Canadian Arctic are adequate for surviving a major air or cruise ship disaster and to identify the minimum thermal protection criteria for survival. This project builds on the results and tools developed in other research projects conducted by the team on thermal protection of liferafts, lifeboats and immersion suits. The project is divided into three major phases — clothing ensemble testing with thermal manikins, a physiology experiment on sustainable shivering duration and ensemble testing in Arctic conditions with human subjects. A numerical model uses these data to simulate survival scenarios. In the first phase of this project, the thermal resistance values of the protective clothing typically available to cruise ship and aircraft passengers were measured using two thermal manikins. The ensembles included Cabin Wear, Deck Wear, Expedition Wear, Abandonment Wear and protective clothing from Canada Forces Major Air Disaster Kit (MAJAID). Tests were conducted on dry and wet ensembles at 5°C and −15°C with and without wind. There is very good agreement between the thermal resistances measured by the two manikins. The differences in thermal resistances observed are likely caused by variations in fit and wrinkles and folds in the ensembles from dressing. With no wind, the thermal resistance is lowest with Cabin Wear and highest with MAJAID clothing inside the down-filled casualty bag. The Expedition Wear, the Abandonment Wear and the MAJAID clothing have about the same thermal resistance. With 7 metre-per-second wind, the thermal resistance of all ensembles decreased significantly by 30% to 70%. These results highlight the importance of having a shelter as a windbreak. For wet clothing ensembles at 5°C, the initial wet thermal resistance was 2 to 2.5 times lower than the dry value, and drying times ranged up to 60 hours. This highlights the importance of staying dry. Preliminary predictions from the numerical model show that the survivors in Expedition Wear, even with sleeping bag and tent, can be mildly hypothermic and need to depend heavily on shivering to maintain thermal balance. In a shelter, the predicted metabolic rate is roughly double the resting rate; it is triple the resting rate without protection from the wind. Further research is required to study shivering fatigue and age effects. Research on mass rescue scenarios for cruise ships and airplanes survivors should ideally involve subjects of both genders and the elderly.
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Singh, Krishna M., Norihiko Nonaka, and U. Oh. "Immersed Boundary Method for CFD Analysis of Moving Boundary Problems in OpenFOAM." In ASME 2015 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2015-53286.
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CFD simulation of hydraulic equipments involving moving boundary components is really challenging due to difficulty in maintaining a good quality mesh essential for obtaining accurate numerical solutions. To deal with these problems, commercial codes such as Ansys CFX provide the option of mesh morphing which must be used in conjunction with pre-defined multiple grid configurations to account for changing flow domain. In contrast to this approach, immersed boundary method (IBM) provides an attractive alternative in which the complex moving surface is immersed in a fixed Cartesian (or polyhedral) grid. We have developed an immersed boundary simulation tool-kit for moving boundary problems based on OpenFOAM. It requires the user to provide the definition of the immersed surfaces in STL (stereolithography) format, type of flow (internal/external) and motion (stationary, pre-defined or flow-induced) of the surface. Numerical simulations have been performed for selected test cases to assess the computational performance of the immersed boundary too-kit. Numerical results of flow over stationary as well as vibrating cylinders agree very well with available experimental and numerical results, and show that the immersed boundary simulations accurately capture the vortex shedding frequency and vortical structures for moving boundary problems.
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EricksonKirk, Mark T., and MarjorieAnn EricksonKirk. "Use of a Unified Model for the Fracture Toughness of Ferritic Steels in the Transition and on the Upper Shelf in Fitness-for-Service Assessment and in the Design of Fracture Toughness Experiments." In ASME 2006 Pressure Vessels and Piping/ICPVT-11 Conference. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2006-icpvt-11-93652.
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Models to predict the fracture and arrest behavior of ferritic steels have long been under development. The current, most widely accepted model of fracture toughness behavior is the ASTM E1921-02 “Master Curve” that is used to predict the variation of the median cleavage fracture toughness (KJc) with temperature in the transition temperature region, as well as predicting the scatter of data about the median at any given temperature. Recently, models describing the variation of crack arrest fracture toughness (KIa) and of ductile initiation fracture toughness (JIc) with temperature have also been proposed. Moreover, models are also available that relate these various temperature dependencies to each other, and relate them all a common parameter, the cleavage crack initiation fracture toughness index temperature To. Research work continues to better quantify these relationships and to more firmly understand their physical bases. Nevertheless, the ample empirical evidence on which the models are based and the existing physical understanding underlying the models suggests that they can be used as a tool in both fitness-for-service assessment and in the design of experiments conducted to investigate the fracture toughness of ferritic materials. While still being developed, these toughness-based models offer clear advantages relative to alternative (correlative) approaches in terms of reduced prediction uncertainty. In this paper we amalgamate the results of previous publications to provide an algebraic expression for the variation of KJc, KIa, and JIc with temperature that includes explicit quantification of the uncertainty in each variable. We also discuss the implications and potential applications of this combined model.
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Patel, Sanket B., Sunil V. Dingare, and Sandeep S. Kore. "Experimental and Computational Analysis of Heat Transfer Performance of Different Ribs Shapes in Forced Convection." In ASME 2017 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2017-72721.
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In applications such as gas turbine blades, electronic cooling devices, heat exchangers and gas-cooled nuclear reactor fuel pins high inlet temperatures has n major impact on components. Insertion of increases the production of turbulent kinetic energy, which improves turbulent heat transfer in the channel. Hence evaluating different shapes will help finding optimum geometry for enhancement in heat transfer. Based on the numerical analysis done by [10]Mi-Ae Moon, Min-Jung Park and Kwang-Yong Kim, the heat transfer and friction loss performances of rib roughened rectangular cooling channels having rib of different shapes has been experimentally & numerically investigated by varying the pitch to width rib ratio and varying turbulent flow regime. The channel aspect ratio (AR = W/H) is 4. The Ribs shapes considered a) Square, b) House shaped and c) Boot shaped ribs. The effects of the Reynolds number and rib pitch-to-width ratio on the performances of various ribs is to be investigated for Reynolds numbers of 12000–32000 at rib spacing of 20mm, 40mm, 50mm respectively. ANSYS 15.0 is used as a tool for computational analysis. The comparative study considering the flat duct with the different shapes ribs showed Boot shaped ribs perform better in terms of heat transfer and friction loss performances.
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Brusiani, Federico, Piero Pelloni, and Giulio Cazzoli. "Definition of a LES Numerical Methodology for the Simulation of Engine Flows on Fixed Grid." In ASME 2008 Internal Combustion Engine Division Spring Technical Conference. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ices2008-1658.
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To improve the overall engine performance, it is necessary to clearly understand the main unsteady phenomena that occur inside an IC engine. Since experimental technique can provide only lump parameters, the CFD numerical approach has been identified as a valid alternative tool to perform detailed investigations on the fluid dynamics behaviours. The numerical analysis of engine flows is commonly performed by using RANS approach. Adopting a RANS methodology only the mean flow variable distributions could be obtained because the time average of the generic flow variable fluctuation is zero by definition. To perform an effective analysis about the unsteady characteristic of a generic flow and, in particular, of an engine flow it is necessary to improve the numerical solution level adopting the LES (Large Eddy Simulation) approach. LES solves directly the large scales of motion (responsible for the main energy transport inside the flow) while only the small scales are modelled using a Sub-Grid Scale model. Moreover, the LES approach could also be used as test bench case to properly define and understand how it is possible to improve the solution accuracy of RANS simulation. This paper regards the LES analysis of a steady non-reactive wall-bounded flow over a test bench engine geometry. In particular, two LES models, i.e., the Wall Adaptive Local Eddy-Viscosity (WALE) [25] model and the one-equation Dynamic Model by Kim and Menon [23, 24, 29] have been tested. The numerical set-up has been defined performing a preliminary parametric CFD simulations on a basic flow over a backward facing step case. In particular, a bounded second order central differencing scheme was adopted and a discussion of the kinetic energy conservation attitude of such a scheme is performed. LES results have been compared to available experimental LDA measurements of mean and rms fluctuations of both axial and tangential velocity components and with numerical predictions obtained by an optimized RANS simulation of the same case. This paper shows the advantages and the limits of the LES simulation approach applied to IC engine flows.
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Machado, Lucas do Vale, and Antonio Carlos Fernandes. "Evaluation of CFD Analysis to Gather the Open-Water Characteristics of a Specific B-Series Propeller With Verification and Validation Assessments." In ASME 2017 36th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2017-61113.
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A very interesting topic in naval architecture is the choice of propeller. The engineer team should pay attention to several characteristics of the vessel to choose properly the most effective propeller for that specific application. At the beginning of the Second World War, the diagrams of a well-known propeller design were published, the B-Series Propellers. They were tested at the Netherlands Ship Model Basin in Wageningen and analyzed with multiple polynomial regression analysis. Until today this propeller is studied because it possesses satisfactory efficiency and adequate cavitation properties. Besides that, open-water characteristics (KT, KQ and η0) are easy to get. The purpose of this work is to evaluate the usefulness of CFD analysis to get the main characteristics of a propeller in order to make this selected process more effective, as long as with a lower cost is possible to analyze much more designs of propellers at a lower cost. A tool using Microsoft Excel was developed to draw any B-Series propeller. For this work was used a specific B-Series propeller, the B3.80. The CFD results are verified using Richardson Extrapolation and then validated against the propeller model results. The open-water characteristics are used for this purpose and the numerical results showed a fairly good agreement with the experimental data. Other interesting results of this propeller are shown too, e.g. the pressure distribution, streamlines and wall y+.
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Érsek, Attila. "Történelmi forrásokhoz kapcsolódó kritikai gondolkodásfejlesztés tapasztalatai." In Agria Média 2020 : „Az oktatás digitális átállása korunk pedagógiai forradalma”. Eszterházy Károly Egyetem Líceum Kiadó, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.17048/am.2020.179.
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Az előadás egy átfogó kutatási téma eredményeinek megosztására irányul (Érsek, 2019). Olyan neveléstudományi témában kerestem módszertani megoldást, amely szorosan kapcsolódik a kritikai gondolkodás fejlesztéséhez elektronikus tanulási környezetben. A történelmi tartalomba ágyazott kritikai gondolkodás kognitív elemeinek mérési, fejlesztési területeire koncentráltam. A történelemtanítás kutatásának nemzetközi dimenziójában az egyik megközelítés szerint a kritikai gondolkodás fejlesztésének és a forráselemzésnek kell a történelemtanítás középpontjában állnia (Jancsák, 2019). A feladat és a fogalmi keret összetettsége miatt kevés a sikeresnek tekinthető empirikus vizsgálat a kritikai gondolkodás terén. Magyarországon elindult a fogalom pedagógiai értelmezése (Molnár L., 2002.; Tóth, 2007.; Kovács, 2009.; Fábián, 2014.), az angolszász pedagógia fókuszában a fogalmi tisztázás és a kritikai gondolkodás szerkezeti elemeinek feltárása, összegzése áll (Elder – Paul, 2006.; Lai, 2011). Kutatásom során megalkottam a történelem témakörben alkalmazható kritikai gondolkodás taxonómiát, amelyet pontosítottam Anderson-Krathwohl (2001) tanulási célkitűzések modelljének segítségével. A történelemtanárok gondolkodását és nézeteit feltártam strukturálatlan kognitív térkép módszerével, támogatott felidézéssel. Szakértői mintavétel történt. Az oktatástervezési megközelítések közül (Ollé, 2015. p. 86.) a jelen kutatás fejlesztése oktatástanulás szempontjából építette fel a tanköri modulokat, azaz a kognitív folyamatok fejlesztésére koncentrált. A pedagógiai kísérlet terepe a Neo LMS alkalmazás lett, ami e-learning keretrendszer, tananyagtartalom szervező rendszer (LCMS). Általam fejlesztett 2 hetes tanórán kívüli anyagot osztottam meg, tutorként támogattam a diákok tanulási folyamatait. A kutatás eljárásrendjét (eszközök, módszerek), megbízhatósági mutatóit ismertetem az előadás során. A 11-12. évfolyamos gimnazistáknál csoportos valószínűségi mintavételt alkalmaztam, kiegészítettem a hólabda mintavételi eljárással (összesen 330 fő). Kutatási kérdés volt: Milyen módon mérhető a történelmi tartalomba ágyazott kritikai gondolkodás kognitív elemeinek tanulói teljesítménye elektronikus tanulási környezetben? A kutatás hipotézisei közül egyet emelek ki (egymintás t-próbát alkalmaztam ennél): A történelmi tartalomba ágyazott kritikai gondolkodás kognitív elemeinek tanulói teljesítményét lényegesen befolyásolja a Neo LMS fejlesztő anyagainak megismerése. Az önkontrollos csoport esetében ez bizonyítást nyert. Bízom benne, hogy a tanulók kritikai gondolkodásának kognitív elemeit és a digitális kompetenciát fejlesztő módszertani megoldásom hozzájárul a pedagógiai kultúraváltáshoz. A bemutatásra kerülő pedagógiai kísérlet a tanulók egyéni fejlesztésérére koncentrál, egy jó példája a SAMR modell (Puentedura, 2006) felső szintjének, alkalmazásával hatékonnyá tehető a különböző történelmi források feldolgozása, miközben az IKT által nyújtott lehetőségek is megvalósulnak. ----- A report on developing critical thinking connected to historical sources ----- The goal of the presentation is to share the results of a comprehensive research topic (Érsek, 2019). I attempted to find a skill developing methodological solution in the field of pedagogy that is closely connected to the development of critical thinking in an e-learning environment. The focus is on assessing and developing the cognitive elements of critical thinking embedded in historical teaching materials. One approach to the research on History teaching at an international level states that developing critical thinking and source analysis are the main tasks of History instruction (Jancsák, 2019). Owing to the complexity of the task and the complex conceptual framework, there has been only a few empirical studies in the field of critical thinking that can be regarded as successful. The pedagogical interpretation of the concept has begun in Hungary (Molnár L., 2002.; Tóth, 2007.; Kovács, 2009.; Fábián, 2014.), and the Anglo-Saxon pedagogy focuses on conceptual clarification and on the exploration and summarization of the structural elements of critical thinking (Elder – Paul, 2006.; Lai, 2011). Based on my research, I created a critical thinking taxonomy which can be applied within the context of History, and I further refined it by using Anderson-Krathwohl’s (2001) model of learning objectives. I explored the beliefs and attitudes of History teachers by using a non-structured cognitive map and stimulated recall with questions. The sample procedure was expert sampling. From the educational planning approaches (Ollé, 2015. p. 86.), the development of the present research created the modules of the course from the education-learning perspective, which means that it focused on the development of cognitive processes. The present pedagogical experiment was executed within the Neo LMS application, which is an e-learning platform and a learning content management system (LCMS). I created and shared a two-week skill developing material, which was not part of class activities, with the students, and I assisted their learning processes as a tutor. In this presentation, I outline the research protocol (tools, methods) and reliability indices of the research. I applied probability cluster sampling in the case of eleventh- and twelfth-graders, and additionally used snowball sampling (altogether 330 participants). The research questions were the following: How can the students’ performance be assessed related to the cognitive elements of critical thinking embedded in historical teaching materials in an elearning environment? I highlight one of the research hypotheses (one-sample t-test was used in this case): Students’ performance related to the cognitive aspects of critical thinking embedded in historical teaching materials is significantly influenced by becoming familiar with the Neo LMS skill developing materials. In the case of the single-case experiment group, this hypothesis was confirmed. I hope that my methodological solution that develops the cognitive elements of students’ thinking and their digital competence will contribute to the transition in pedagogical approach. The presented research in the field of pedagogy focuses on the individual development of students, which is a good example of the highest level of the SAMR model (Puentedura, 2006), and by applying this, the interpretation of different historical sources can be more effective and the opportunities offered by the ICT environment are also incorporated.