Academic literature on the topic 'Experimental knee pain'
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Journal articles on the topic "Experimental knee pain"
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Morrey, B. F. "Experimental Knee Pain Reduces Muscle Strength." Yearbook of Orthopedics 2011 (January 2011): 38–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.yort.2011.04.131.
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Henriksen, Marius, Sara Rosager, Jens Aaboe, Thomas Graven-Nielsen, and Henning Bliddal. "Experimental Knee Pain Reduces Muscle Strength." Journal of Pain 12, no. 4 (April 2011): 460–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpain.2010.10.004.
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Seeley, Matthew K., Jihong Park, Daniel King, and J. Ty Hopkins. "A Novel Experimental Knee-Pain Model Affects Perceived Pain and Movement Biomechanics." Journal of Athletic Training 48, no. 3 (May 1, 2013): 337–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4085/1062-6050-48.2.02.
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Context: Knee injuries are prevalent, and the associated knee pain is linked to disability. The influence of knee pain on movement biomechanics, independent of other factors related to knee injuries, is difficult to study and unclear. Objective: (1) To evaluate a novel experimental knee-pain model and (2) better understand the independent effects of knee pain on walking and running biomechanics. Design: Crossover study. Setting: Biomechanics laboratory. Patients or Other Participants: Twelve able-bodied volunteers (age = 23 ± 3 years, height = 1.73 ± 0.09 m, mass = 75 ± 14 kg). Intervention(s): Participants walked and ran at 3 time intervals (preinfusion, infusion, and postinfusion) for 3 experimental conditions (control, sham, and pain). During the infusion time interval for the pain and sham conditions, hypertonic or isotonic saline, respectively, was continuously infused into the right infrapatellar fat pad for 22 minutes. Main Outcome Measure(s): We used repeated-measures analyses of variance to evaluate the effects of time and condition on (1) perceived knee pain and (2) key biomechanical characteristics (ground reaction forces, and joint kinematics and kinetics) of walking and running (P < .05). Results: The hypertonic saline infusion (1) increased perceived knee pain throughout the infusion and (2) reduced discrete characteristics of each component of the walking ground reaction force, walking peak plantar-flexion angle (range = 62°–67°), walking peak plantar-flexion moment (range = 95–104 N·m), walking peak knee-extension moment (range = 36–49 N·m), walking peak hip-abduction moment (range = 62–73 N·m), walking peak support moment (range = 178–207 N·m), running peak plantar-flexion angle (range = 38°–77°), and running peak hip-adduction angle (range = 5–21°). Conclusions: This novel experimental knee pain model consistently increased perceived pain during various human movements and produced altered running and walking biomechanics that may cause abnormal knee joint-loading patterns.
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Henriksen, Marius, Tine Alkjær, Hans Lund, Erik B. Simonsen, Thomas Graven-Nielsen, Bente Danneskiold-Samsøe, and Henning Bliddal. "Experimental quadriceps muscle pain impairs knee joint control during walking." Journal of Applied Physiology 103, no. 1 (July 2007): 132–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.01105.2006.
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Pain is a cardinal symptom in musculoskeletal diseases involving the knee joint, and aberrant movement patterns and motor control strategies are often present in these patients. However, the underlying neuromuscular mechanisms linking pain to movement and motor control are unclear. To investigate the functional significance of muscle pain on knee joint control during walking, three-dimensional gait analyses were performed before, during, and after experimentally induced muscle pain by means of intramuscular injections of hypertonic saline (5.8%) into vastus medialis (VM) muscle of 20 healthy subjects. Isotonic saline (0.9%) was used as control. Surface electromyography (EMG) recordings of VM, vastus lateralis (VL), biceps femoris, and semitendinosus muscles were synchronized with the gait analyses. During experimental muscle pain, the loading response phase peak knee extensor moments were attenuated, and EMG activity in the VM and VL muscles was reduced. Compressive forces, adduction moments, knee joint kinematics, and hamstring EMG activity were unaffected by pain. Interestingly, the observed changes persisted when the pain had vanished. The results demonstrate that muscle pain modulated the function of the quadriceps muscle, resulting in impaired knee joint control and joint instability during walking. The changes are similar to those observed in patients with knee pain. The loss of joint control during and after pain may leave the knee joint prone to injury and potentially participate in the chronicity of musculoskeletal problems, and it may have clinically important implications for rehabilitation and training of patients with knee pain of musculoskeletal origin.
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Jørgensen, Tanja Schjødt, Marius Henriksen, Sara Rosager, Louise Klokker, Karen Ellegaard, Bente Danneskiold-Samsøe, Henning Bliddal, and Thomas Graven-Nielsen. "The dynamics of the pain system is intact in patients with knee osteoarthritis: An exploratory experimental study." Scandinavian Journal of Pain 6, no. 1 (January 1, 2015): 43–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sjpain.2014.11.002.
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AbstractBackground and aimsDespite the high prevalence of knee osteoarthritis (OA) it remains one of the most frequent knee disorders without a cure. Pain and disability are prominent clinical features of knee OA. Knee OA pain is typically localized but can also be referred to the thigh or lower leg. Widespread hyperalgesia has been found in knee OA patients. In addition, patients with hyperalgesia in the OA knee joint show increased pain summation scores upon repetitive stimulation of the OA knee suggesting the involvement of facilitated central mechanisms in knee OA. The dynamics of the pain system (i.e., the adaptive responses to pain) has been widely studied, but mainly from experiments on healthy subjects, whereas less is known about the dynamics of the pain system in chronic pain patients, where the pain system has been activated for a long time. The aim of this study was to assess the dynamics of the nociceptive system quantitatively in knee osteoarthritis (OA) patients before and after induction of experimental knee pain.MethodsTen knee osteoarthritis (OA) patients participated in this randomized crossover trial. Each subject was tested on two days separated by 1 week. The most affected knee was exposed to experimental pain or control, in a randomized sequence, by injection of hypertonic saline into the infrapatellar fat pad and a control injection of isotonic saline. Pain areas were assessed by drawings on anatomical maps. Pressure pain thresholds (PPT) at the knee, thigh, lower leg, and arm were assessed before, during, and after the experimental pain and control conditions. Likewise, temporal summation of pressure pain on the knee, thigh and lower leg muscles was assessed.ResultsExperimental knee pain decreased the PPTs at the knee (P <0.01) and facilitated the temporal summation on the knee and adjacent muscles (P < 0.05). No significant difference was found at the control site (the contralateral arm) (P =0.77). Further, the experimental knee pain revealed overall higher VAS scores (facilitated temporal summation of pain) at the knee (P < 0.003) and adjacent muscles (P < 0.0001) compared with the control condition. The experimental knee pain areas were larger compared with the OA knee pain areas before the injection.ConclusionsAcute experimental knee pain induced in patients with knee OA caused hyperalgesia and facilitated temporal summation of pain at the knee and surrounding muscles, illustrating that the pain system in individuals with knee OA can be affected even after many years of nociceptive input. This study indicates that the adaptability in the pain system is intact in patients with knee OA, which opens for opportunities to prevent development of centralized pain syndromes.
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Ahn, Hyochol, Chengxue Zhong, Setor Sorkpor, and Hongyu Miao. "HOME-BASED TRANSCRANIAL DIRECT-CURRENT STIMULATION AND EXPERIMENTAL PAIN SENSITIVITY." Innovation in Aging 3, Supplement_1 (November 2019): S338. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igz038.1227.
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Abstract Osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee is one of the most common causes of pain in older adults. Clinic-based transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a noninvasive brain stimulation technique that has been shown to reduce pain, but no published studies have reported using home-based self-administered tDCS in older adults with knee OA. Thus, the purpose of this study was to examine the effect of home-based tDCS on experimental pain sensitivity in older adults with knee OA. Twenty community-dwelling participants aged 50–85 years with knee OA pain received ten daily sessions of 2 mA tDCS for 20 minutes at home. A multimodal quantitative sensory testing battery was completed, including heat pain tolerance, pressure pain threshold, and punctate mechanical pain. Participants (75% female) had a mean age of 61 years, and a mean body mass index in the sample was 28.33 kg/m2. All 20 participants completed all ten home-based tDCS sessions without serious adverse effects. The Wilcoxon Signed-Rank test showed that all the differences between the baseline measurements and experimental pain sensitivity measurements after 10 sessions were statistically significant. Effect sizes (Rosenthal’s R) were R = 0.35 for heat pain tolerance (P = 0.02), R = 0.40 for pressure pain threshold (P < 0.01), and R = 0.32 for punctate mechanical pain (P = 0.02). We demonstrated that home-based self-administered tDCS was feasible and reduced experimental pain sensitivity in older adults with knee OA. Future studies with well-designed randomized controlled trials are needed to validate our findings.
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Park, Jihong, W. Matt Denning, Jordan D. Pitt, Devin Francom, J. Ty Hopkins, and Matthew K. Seeley. "Effects of Experimental Anterior Knee Pain on Muscle Activation During Landing and Jumping Performed at Various Intensities." Journal of Sport Rehabilitation 26, no. 1 (January 2017): 78–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jsr.2015-0119.
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Context:Although knee pain is common, some facets of this pain are unclear. The independent effects (ie, independent from other knee injury or pathology) of knee pain on neural activation of lower-extremity muscles during landing and jumping have not been observed.Objective:To investigate the independent effects of knee pain on lower-extremity muscle (gastrocnemius, vastus medialis, medial hamstrings, gluteus medius, and gluteus maximus) activation amplitude during landing and jumping, performed at 2 different intensities.Design:Laboratory-based, pretest, posttest, repeated-measures design, where all subjects performed both data-collection sessions.Methods:Thirteen able-bodied subjects performed 2 different land and jump tasks (forward and lateral) under 2 different conditions (control and pain), at 2 different intensities (high and low). For the pain condition, experimental knee pain was induced via a hypertonic saline injection into the right infrapatellar fat pad. Functional linear models were used to evaluate the influence of experimental knee pain on muscle-activation amplitude throughout the 2 land and jump tasks.Results:Experimental knee pain independently altered activation for all of the observed muscles during various parts of the 2 different land and jump tasks. These activation alterations were not consistently influenced by task intensity.Conclusion:Experimental knee pain alters activation amplitude of various lower-extremity muscles during landing and jumping. The nature of the alteration varies between muscles, intensities, and phases of the movement (ie, landing and jumping). Generally, experimental knee pain inhibits the gastrocnemius, medial hamstring, and gluteus medius during landing while independently increasing activation of the same muscles during jumping.
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Zhong, Guangjun, Zhu Liang, Jiang Kan, and Aikeremujiang Muheremu. "Selective peripheral nerve resection for treatment of persistent pain around the knee joint after total knee arthroplasty." Journal of International Medical Research 46, no. 6 (April 18, 2018): 2301–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0300060518764184.
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Objective This study was performed to determine the efficacy of selective peripheral nerve resection for treatment of persistent neuropathic pain after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Methods Patients who underwent TKA in our department from January 2013 to July 2016 and experienced persistent pain around the knee joint after TKA were retrospectively included in the current study. Sixty patients were divided into experimental and control groups according the treatment they received. The treatment effect was evaluated by the Hospital for Special Surgery (HSS) knee score and visual analog scale (VAS) pain score preoperatively and at 1, 2, 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively. Results The HSS knee scores were higher in both groups after than before the treatment, and HSS knee scores were significantly higher in the experimental group than in the control group. The VAS pain scores were lower in both groups after than before the treatment, and VAS pain scores were significantly lower in the experimental group than in the control group. Conclusions Selective peripheral nerve resection is an effective treatment method for persistent neuropathic pain after TKA.
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Perez-Huerta, Betsy Denisse, Belén Díaz-Pulido, Daniel Pecos-Martin, David Beckwee, Enrique Lluch-Girbes, Ruben Fernandez-Matias, María José Bolaños Rubio, and Tomas Gallego-Izquierdo. "Effectiveness of a Program Combining Strengthening, Stretching, and Aerobic Training Exercises in a Standing versus a Sitting Position in Overweight Subjects with Knee Osteoarthritis: A Randomized Controlled Trial." Journal of Clinical Medicine 9, no. 12 (December 20, 2020): 4113. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm9124113.
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There is an increasing incidence, prevalence, and burden of knee osteoarthritis due to a global increase in obesity and an aging population. The aim of the present study was to compare the effectiveness of the addition of aerobic exercises performed in an unloaded or loaded position to a conventional exercise program in overweight subjects with knee osteoarthritis. Twenty-four subjects were randomly allocated to receive 36 sessions of 30-min duration of either sitting aerobic exercises (experimental group) or standing aerobic exercises (control group). Pain intensity, knee disability, and quality-of-life data were collected at baseline and at 12, 24, and 36 sessions. Generalized linear mixed models (GLMMs) were constructed for the analysis of the differences. Significant differences were found in the experimental group for self-reported pain and knee pain and disability at 24 and 36 sessions (p < 0.05). Significant between-group differences were observed in change in self-reported knee pain and disability and quality of life from baseline to 24th- and 36th-session measurements in favor of the experimental group. Adherence to treatment was higher in the experimental group. Adding aerobic exercises in an unloaded position to a conventional exercise program produced superior effects over time for self-reported knee pain, knee pain and disability and quality of life compared to loaded aerobic exercises in overweight subjects with knee osteoarthritis.
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Palmieri-Smith, Riann M., Mark Villwock, Brian Downie, Garin Hecht, and Ron Zernicke. "Pain and Effusion and Quadriceps Activation and Strength." Journal of Athletic Training 48, no. 2 (March 1, 2013): 186–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4085/1062-6050-48.2.10.
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Context: Quadriceps dysfunction is a common consequence of knee joint injury and disease, yet its causes remain elusive. Objective: To determine the effects of pain on quadriceps strength and activation and to learn if simultaneous pain and knee joint effusion affect the magnitude of quadriceps dysfunction. Design: Crossover study. Setting: University research laboratory. Patients or Other Participants: Fourteen (8 men, 6 women; age = 23.6 ± 4.8 years, height = 170.3 ± 9.16 cm, mass = 72.9 ± 11.84 kg) healthy volunteers. Intervention(s): All participants were tested under 4 randomized conditions: normal knee, effused knee, painful knee, and effused and painful knee. Main Outcome Measure(s): Quadriceps strength (Nm/kg) and activation (central activation ratio) were assessed after each condition was induced. Results: Quadriceps strength and activation were highest under the normal knee condition and differed from the 3 experimental knee conditions (P < .05). No differences were noted among the 3 experimental knee conditions for either variable (P > .05). Conclusions: Both pain and effusion led to quadriceps dysfunction, but the interaction of the 2 stimuli did not increase the magnitude of the strength or activation deficits. Therefore, pain and effusion can be considered equally potent in eliciting quadriceps inhibition. Given that pain and effusion accompany numerous knee conditions, the prevalence of quadriceps dysfunction is likely high.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Experimental knee pain"
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Cronk, Emily Rachel. "The Effects of Experimental Anterior Knee Pain on Bilateral Ground Reaction Forces During Running." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2016. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/6122.
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The purpose of this study was to examine the independent effects of anterior knee pain (AKP) on bilateral ground reaction force (GRF) during running, with a focus on GRF applied to the uninvolved leg, which, prior to this study, had never been evaluated. Twelve volunteers completed three data collection sessions, that corresponded to one of three conditions (control, sham, and pain), in a counterbalanced order. For each session, subjects ran for five minutes. For the pain and sham sessions, respectively, hypertonic and isotonic saline were infused into the infrapatellar fat pad of the right leg during the running, while no infusion was involved in the control session. GRF data were collected during the final 30 seconds of running. Functional statistics were used to determine the effects of session and leg (right and left) on vertical and anterior-posterior GRF throughout the stance phase of running. A mixed model ANOVA was used to determine the effect of session and leg on vertical GRF load rate, impulse due to vertical, propulsive, and braking GRFs. A repeated measures ANOVA was used to determine the effect of session and time on subject-perceived pain. Alpha was set to 0.05 for all statistical comparisons. Unexpectedly, no significant session × leg interaction existed for vertical GRF at any time point during stance phase of running. Similarly, the experimental AKP did not affect impulse due to vertical GRF or load rate for the vertical GRF. There was, however, a significant session × leg interaction for anterior-posterior GRF. For the pain session, involved-leg braking GRF was 11% greater than uninvolved-leg braking GRF, during the first 9% of stance phase. There was also a significant between-session difference for involved-leg braking impulse (p = 0.023) and uninvolved-leg propulsive impulse (p = 0.027). The mean involved-leg braking impulses were 11.3 Ns (± 0.6), 13.2 Ns (± 0.6) and 13.2 Ns (± 0.6) for the pain, control, and sham sessions, respectively. Mean uninvolved-leg propulsive impulses were 14.8 Ns (± 1.3), 13.6 Ns (± 1.3), and 13.5 Ns (± 1.3) for the pain, control, and sham sessions, respectively. These differences in anterior-posterior GRF might reflect a compensatory unloading of the involved leg due to AKP.
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Woodland, Scott T. "The Effect of Anterior Knee Pain on Serum Cartilage Oligomeric Matrix Protein and Muscular Cocontraction During Running." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2013. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/4042.
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Knee pain can alter lower-extremity neuromechanics and often results in functional disability. The relationship between lower-extremity neuromechanical alterations, due to anterior knee pain, and articular cartilage condition is unclear. The purpose of this study was to determine the independent effect of anterior knee pain during running on articular cartilage condition, as reflected by serum cartilage oligomeric matrix protein concentrations and muscle cocontraction duration. Seven men and five women completed a 30-min run in three different sessions: control (no infusion), sham (isotonic saline infusion), and pain (hypertonic saline infusion). Saline was infused into the right infrapatellar fat pad for the duration of the run. Subject-perceived pain was recorded every 3 min on a 100-mm visual analog scale. During the run, bilateral electromyography was recorded for five leg muscles, and heel and toe markers were used to track foot position. During the 30-min run of the pain session average subject-perceived pain was 27.8 (SD = 2.3 mm) and 19.7 (SD = 1.9) mm greater than during the control (0.0 mm) and sham (8.1 mm) session, respectively (p < 0.01). Knee pain while running did not result in changes in muscular cocontraction duration (p = 0.13). Blood samples were drawn prior to the run, immediately following the run, and 60 min following the run. Samples were analyzed using enzyme-linked immunosortbent assay to determine serum cartilage oligomeric matrix protein concentration. Average serum cartilage oligomeric matrix protein concentration was 14% greater at immediate post run (132.19 ± 158.61 ng/ml; Range = 22.61-290.81 ng/ml) relative to pre run (116.02 ± 118.87 ng/ml; Range = 19.81-234.89 ng/ml) (p < 0.01), and 18% less at 60 min post run (108.45 ± 171.78 ng/ml; Range = 20.84-280.23 ng/ml) relative to immediate post run (Figure 4; p < 0.01). Serum cartilage oligomeric matrix protein did not significantly differ between baseline and 60 min post-exercise (p = 0.29). There was not a difference in cartilage oligomeric matrix protein concentration between sessions. Knee pain while running does not cause an increase in serum cartilage oligomeric matrix protein concentration (p = 0.29). There are two important findings from this study. First, anterior knee pain during a 30 min running session does not appear to independently affect cartilage oligomeric matrix protein concentrations. This implies other factors, aside from anterior knee pain alone, influence articular cartilage degradation during movement that occurs while individuals are experiencing anterior knee pain. Second, the present experimental anterior knee pain model can be used to evaluate the independent effects of anterior knee pain over an extended duration while subjects perform a dynamic activity like running.
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Son, Seong Jun. "Effects of TENS on Voluntary Quadriceps Activation and Vertical Ground Reaction Force During Walking in Subjects with Experimental Knee Pain." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2014. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/5274.
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Context: Knee pain is a common symptom in knee pathology and is associated with alterations in quadriceps activation and movement patterns. Reducing pain through intervention may help reestablish neuromuscular function. The independent effects of knee pain are difficult to examine and unclear. Objective: To investigate the effects of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) on quadriceps activation and vertical ground reaction force (VGRF) during walking. Design: Crossover. Setting: Laboratory. Subjects: 15 in the TENS group (10M and 5F, 23.5 ± 2.8 yrs, 70.5 ± 12.5 kg, 178.1 ± 7.4 cm), and 15 in the sham group (10M and 5F, 22.5 ± 2.0 yrs, 72.1 ± 13.7 kg, 177.5 ± 9.3 cm). Interventions: Subjects underwent three experimental conditions (pain, sham, and control). Measurements were recorded across four time points (preinfusion, infusion, treatment, and posttreatment). Hypertonic or isotonic saline, respectively, was infused into the infrapatellar fat pad for 48 minutes (total 7.7 mL). The TENS group received a 20-minute treatment. A sham treatment was administered to the sham group. Main Outcome Measures: Perceived knee pain on a 10-cm visual analog scale, knee extension maximum voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) normalized to body mass, knee extension central activation ratio (CAR), and VGRF. Results: Knee pain peaked at 4 cm during infusion and remained consistent across time in the sham group (F2,28 = 49.90, P < 0.0001), while knee pain gradually decreased to 1.5 cm following TENS treatment (F2,28 = 23.11, P < 0.0001). A group x condition x time interaction was detected for both the MVIC (F6,168 = 2.92, P < 0.01) and CAR (F6,168 = 3.03, P < 0.008) measurements. Post hoc analysis revealed that the infusion of hypertonic saline reduced knee extension MVIC by 29% in the TENS group, and by 26% in the sham group (P < 0.05). However, while the MVIC remained depressed by 26% following sham treatment, the MVIC was found to improve by 12% following TENS treatment (P < 0.05). Similarly, a 10% decrease in CAR was detected in both sham and TENS groups prior to treatment. This 10% deficit held, with a 9% deficit following sham treatment, while the deficit of CAR was improved by 4% following TENS treatment (P < 0.05). For the TENS group, infusion of hypertonic saline changed VGRF at initial loading, midstance, and push-off phase. VGRF was only different at initial loading and push-off phase following TENS treatment. For the sham group however, sham treatment did not restore VGRF, showing alterations in initial loading, midstance, and push-off phase (α = 0.05). Conclusions: Infusion of hypertonic saline increased perceived knee pain, reduced knee extension MVIC, reduced CAR, and altered VGRF over some of stance phase. TENS lessened the deficits in MVIC, CAR, and VGRF, suggesting decreased muscle inhibition and improved movement function.
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Falk, Emily Elizabeth. "Effect of Experimentally-Induced Anterior Knee Pain on Postural Control." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2011. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/2743.
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Context: Knee pain is experienced by many people. Because of this, authors have started researching the effects of pain on lower extremity mechanics and also on static and dynamic postural control. However, the effects of pain are difficult to study due to associated confounding variables. Objective: We asked: (1) Will experimentally-induced anterior knee pain alter perceived pain using the visual analogue scale? ; (2) will perceived pain affect postural control as measured by center-of-pressure during static and dynamic movement? Design: Crossover. Setting: Biomechanics laboratory. Participants: Fifteen healthy subjects. Intervention: Each subject participated in single leg quiet stance, landing, and walking trials under three conditions (pain, sham, control), at three different times for each condition (pre-injection, injection, and post-injection). Main Outcome Measures: The dependent variables were measured at pre-injection, injection, and post-injection. Pain was measured using the visual analogue scale across all three times during each condition. Center-of-pressure sway was measured during single leg quiet stance to calculate the average center-of-pressure velocity in the anterior-posterior and medial-lateral directions. The center-of-pressure time to stabilization was measured in anterior-posterior, medial-lateral, and vertical directions, and center-of-pressure trajectory excursion was measured in the medial-lateral direction during walking. Results: Perceived pain was significant (P < 0.05) but did not affect postural control as measured by center-of-pressure medial-lateral and anterior-posterior sway during single leg quiet stance, in time to stabilization during landing, and in medial-lateral excursion during walking. Conclusions: Injection of hypertonic saline resulted in statistically significant perceived pain but did not affect postural control as measured by center-of-pressure medial-lateral and anterior-posterior sway during single leg quiet stance, in time to stabilization during landing, and medial-lateral excursion during walking.
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Kwon, Sunku. "The Effects of Ice and TENS Combination Treatment on Knee and Hip Joint Neuromechanics in Individuals with Experimentally Induced Knee Pain During Running." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2018. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/6988.
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Context: Knee injury is a common problem for runners. Knee pain is a common symptom in knee injury and is associated with alterations in knee and hip muscle activation and hip joint angles. Relieving pain through intervention may help to restore neuromuscular function. Objective: To examine the effects of ice and transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) combination treatment on perceived knee pain, hip frontal plane angle, and muscle activation during running in individuals with experimental knee pain (EKP). Design: Crossover. Setting: Laboratory. Subjects: 19 participants (11 males and 8 females, 23.2 ± 1.9 y, 176 ± 11.6 cm, 71.5 ± 16.9 kg; right leg dominant). Interventions: Hypertonic saline was infused into the infrapatellar fat pad for 74 minutes (total 11.1 mL). Subjects underwent 2 treatment conditions (sham; ice/TENS combination). Measurements were recorded during running at 4 time points (preinfusion, postinfusion, posttreatment, and postinterval). Main Outcome Measures: Perceived knee pain on a 100-mm visual analog scale (VAS), knee and hip muscle peak electromyography (EMG) amplitude, and hip adduction angles. Results: Hypertonic saline infusion increased perceived anterior knee pain in all participants. The average of peak perceived knee pain was 28 mm on a 100-mm VAS in EKP application. While the increased perceived knee pain level stayed consistent across time in the sham session, ice/TENS combination treatment significantly reduced perceived knee pain by 35% at 6 minutes after the treatment start (p = 0.049), and the reduced knee pain lasted for 22 minutes (p > 0.05). Peak EMG amplitude of the gluteus medius was decreased by 13.5% and 14.3% (p = 0.023; p = 0.013) during running after EKP in sham and treatment sessions, respectively. However, the peak EMG amplitude was not restored to pain-free level during running after the treatment (p = 0.026). No other muscles changed their peak EMG amplitude due to EKP or treatment. Hip adduction angles during running were also not altered by EKP or treatment (p > 0.3) in both sham and treatment sessions. Conclusions: EKP increased perceived knee pain and decreased peak muscle activation of the gluteus medius during running. Ice/TENS combination treatment reduced perceived knee pain quickly, but did not restore neuromechanics during running.
Book chapters on the topic "Experimental knee pain"
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Piel, Margaret J., Jeffrey S. Kroin, and Hee-Jeong Im. "Assessment of Knee Joint Pain in Experimental Rodent Models of Osteoarthritis." In Methods in Molecular Biology, 175–81. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-1619-1_13.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Experimental knee pain"
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Amorim, A., J. Melo, M. Silva, I. Reis, M. Caldeira, and D. Correia. "8 Knee pain: experimental radiofrequency." In ESRA 2021 Virtual Congress, 8–9–10 September 2021. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/rapm-2021-esra.8.
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Ramos Gonzalez, Maria, Brendan O’Toole, and Zhiyong Wang. "Experimental Study of Bio-Polymer Knee Implant." In ASME 2018 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2018-88479.
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This study tests a custom-designed knee implant made of an FDA approved biomaterial, Chronoflex AR. The implant is designed to cushion the damaged cartilage at the distal end of the femur to reduce knee pain without the removal of cartilage and bone. A patient’s MRI scan was used to render a 3D computer graphic design of the knee. The manufacturing of the implant is conducted by 3D printing the shape of the distal end of the femur and coating it with the biomaterial. This is a preliminary fabrication method. Ultimately, the implant material will be 3D printed or cast in 3D printed molds. A successful implementation of this sort of custom-designed implant would reduce the invasiveness of knee correcting procedures, enable the patient to retain the shape of his or her femoral and tibial anatomy, and reduce the possibility of revision surgeries. A custom knee implant testing machine was designed and fabricated to measure the force, elastic deformation, plastic deformation, wear and fatigue of the component after performing lab tests simulating a normal walking pattern while adhering to ISO standards.
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Lundberg, Hannah J., Kharma C. Foucher, Thomas P. Andriacchi, and Markus A. Wimmer. "Comparison of Numerically Modeled Knee Joint Contact Forces to Instrumented Total Knee Prosthesis Forces." In ASME 2009 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2009-206791.
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Total knee replacement (TKR) surgery decreases pain and increases functional mobility for patients with joint disease. As primary TKRs are implanted in patients who are younger, heavier, and more active (1), increases in wear and TKR revision rates are expected. Preclinical analysis of TKRs with mathematical models and experimental tests require accurate in vivo kinetic and kinematic input data. Kinematics can be obtained with gait analysis, but in vivo force data are just beginning to become available from instrumented TKRs from only a few patients (2). Patient gait is highly variable both within and between individuals and can be influenced by a variety of factors including the progression and history of joint disease, surgical procedure, and TKR design. Variation in patient gait and activities results in subsequent contact force and polyethylene wear variability. A validated mathematical model which calculates contact forces for alternate input data could add valuable insight for preclinical testing. A problem facing mathematical modeling is that there are too many unknowns to directly solve for contact forces. In order to approach this problem, we have developed a knee mathematical model that allows parametric variation of muscle activation levels (3) and calculates a solution space of physically possible contact forces.
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Safaei, Mohsen, and Steven R. Anton. "Experimental Evaluation of Sensing and Energy Harvesting Behavior of Implanted Piezoelectric Transducers in Total Knee Replacement." In ASME 2017 Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/smasis2017-3881.
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Total knee replacement has been utilized to restore the functionality of diseased knee joints for more than four decades. Today, despite the relatively high level of patient satisfaction, still about 20% of patients are not fulfilled with their surgical outcomes in terms of function and reduction in pain. There is still an ongoing discussion on correlating the postoperative functionality of the joint to intraoperative alignment, which suffers from lack of in vivo data from the knee after surgery. However, it is necessary to mention that using computer assisted surgical techniques, the outcomes of knee replacement procedures have been remarkably improved. In order to obtain information about the knee function after the operation, the design of a self-powered instrumented knee implant is proposed in this study. The design is a total knee replacement ultra high molecular weight polyethylene insert equipped with four piezoelectric transducers distributed in the medial and lateral compartments of the bearing. The piezoelectric elements are employed to measure the axial force applied on the tibial insert through the femoral component of the joint as well as to track the movement in the center of pressure. In addition, generated voltage from the piezoelectrics is harvested and stored to power embedded electronics for further signal conditioning and data transmitting purposes. The performance of the instrumented implant is investigated via experimental testing on a fabricated prototype in terms of sensing and power harvesting capacity. Piezoelectric force and center of pressure measurements are compared to the actual quantities recorded from the load frame and pressure sensitive films in order to evaluate the performance of the sensing system. The output voltage of the piezoelectric transducers is rectified and stored in a capacitor to evaluate the energy harvesting ability of the system. The results show only a small level of error in sensing the force and the location of center of pressure. Additionally, a 4.9 V constant voltage is stored in a 3.3 mF capacitor after 3333 loading cycles. The sensing and energy harvesting results present the promising potential of this system to be used as an integrated self-powered instrumented knee implant.
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Safaei, Mohsen, and Steven R. Anton. "Self-Powered Multifunctional Instrumented Knee Implant." In ASME 2018 Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/smasis2018-8078.
Full textAbstract:
Computational modeling, instrumented linkages, optical technologies, MRI, and radiographic techniques have been widely used to study knee motion after total knee replacement (TKR) surgery. Information provided by these methods has helped designers to develop implants with better clinical performance and surgeons to obtain an improved understanding of the stability and mobility of the joint. Correspondingly, overall patient satisfaction with respect to the reduction in pain and recovery of normal functioning of the joint has been improving. However, about 20% of patients are still not fully satisfied with their surgical outcomes. The main obstacle in the current state-of-the-art is that a comprehensive post-operative understanding of knee balance is still unavailable, mostly due to a lack of in vivo data collected from the joint after surgery. This work presents an attempt to develop a self-powered instrumented knee implant for in vivo data acquisition. The knee sensory system in this study utilizes several embedded piezoelectric transducers in the tibial bearing of the knee replacement in order to provide sensing and energy harvesting capabilities. Through a series of analytical modeling, finite element simulation, and experimental testing, the performance of the suggested system is evaluated and a dimensionally optimized design of an instrumented TKR is achieved. More specifically, a comprehensive platform is established in order to combine the knowledge of embedded piezoelectric sensors and energy harvesters, musculoskeletal modeling of the knee joint, multiphysics finite element modeling, additive manufacturing techniques, image processing, and experimental knee loading simulation in order to achieve the experimentally validated and optimized instrumented knee implant design. The cumulative work presented in this article encompasses three main studies performed on the sensing performance of the proposed design: first, preliminary parametric studies of the effect of local dimensional and material parameters on the electromechanical behavior of the embedded sensory system; second, investigation of the ability to sense total force and center of pressure location; and third, evaluation of an enhanced system with the ability to sense compartmental forces and contact locations. Additionally, the energy harvesting capacity of the system is investigated to ensure the achievement of a fully self-powered sensory system. Results obtained from the experimental analysis of the system demonstrate the successful sensing and energy harvesting performance of the designs achieved in this study.
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Contreras, Cesar E., April E. Parkison, Brooke E. Wilson, R. Michael Meneghini, and Steven R. Anton. "Geometric Effects on Embedded Piezoelectric Energy Harvester in Knee Replacement Bearing." In ASME 2015 Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/smasis2015-9063.
Full textAbstract:
Each year in the US, over 700,000 patients receive total knee arthroplasty to restore joint function and improve quality of life. A major challenge during surgery is achieving proper ligamentous balance. Improperly balanced knees can lead to accelerated wear of the articular surfaces, reduced range of motion, and patient discomfort and pain. Currently, surgeons rely heavily on their experience and their interpretation of the “feel” of a balanced knee. The goal of the proposed research is to investigate the use of piezoelectric materials embedded in total knee replacement bearings in order to sense forces in vivo and convert knee loads into usable electrical energy to power the embedded sensor. This paper presents an investigation of the effects of various geometric properties on the performance of piezoelectric transducers embedded into polyethylene knee replacement bearings. This work takes a combined modeling and experimental approach to investigate the effects of the overall bearing geometry as well as placement of the embedded transducers on the performance of the system. A simple cylindrical geometry is chosen to represent the knee bearing in order to isolate various effects. Specifically, the curvature of the upper bearing surface is investigated to determine the effects of different curvature profiles on the voltage output of the embedded transducer. Designs with the smallest diameter of curvature are found to provide increased load transfer to the embedded piezoelectric and larger generated power. Additionally, the radial placement of the embedded piezoelectric device is investigated to determine the performance of the system as the piezoelectric device is translated from the geometric center of the bearing to the outer edge. Results show that optimal performance is obtained for placement near the center of the geometric curved feature. Lastly, the effects of variations in machining and fabrication are investigated and it is found that tight tolerances must be maintained in order to obtain experimental results that can be accurately predicted by the model developed in this work.
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Nehme, Gabi, Yousef Khalife, Antoun Chagoury, and Micheline Dib Nehme. "Minimizing Pain in Below Knee Amputees’ Patients Wearing Prosthetic Socket by Increasing Flexibility in Specific Relief Areas." In ASME 2018 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2018-86450.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Pressure distribution for transtibial amputees (TTA) patients varies at the limb socket interface according to several factors. Although socket technology is getting more advanced, the majority of researchers are still facing problems with relief areas. Objectives: This study focused on the theoretical and experimental aspects of the design to figure out patients’ sensitivity to pain when wearing sockets. Relief areas were analyzed using data collected from patients’ centers and optimized under different static and dynamic conditions. Methods: Finite element trials and DOE optimization using Design Expert 8 software and analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed that holes with relief areas are appropriates for lower extremities patients where scanning electron images (SEM) of the worn areas show direct relations between relieved sockets with holes at fibula head (FH) and patient lifestyle and activity. Clinical Relevance: A patient that moves rather slowly, as a result of old age or sedentary level of activity would greatly benefit from the FH socket hole implementation, and thus reduces the wear of socket materials after longer period of time and increases the level of comfort of patient skins. the interviews conducted were evident that patients endured pain at the PT and FH. Moreover, further studies were performed on the FH, and results revealed that lateral forces play a major role and is influenced by the lifestyle of the patient.
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Akbarshahi, Massoud, Justin W. Fernandez, Anthony Schache, and Marcus G. Pandy. "Subject-Specific Evaluation of Patellofemoral Joint Function During Stair Ascent." In ASME 2009 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2009-206549.
Full textAbstract:
Recent interest in better understanding the biomechanical behavior of the patellofemoral joint is driven, in part, by the frequency with which patellofemoral osteoarthritis is reported to occur in the general population. Abnormal joint-contact stress is believed to be one of the possible causes of cartilage degeneration and anterior knee pain [1]. A number of literature studies suggest that stair ascent is one of the most demanding daily activities in relation to patellofemoral joint loading [2]. Accurate measurement of in vivo kinematics is essential for a thorough understanding of patellofemoral function during weight-bearing activity [3]. In this study, an innovative experimental setup involving two synchronized single-plane X-ray fluoroscopy units, 3D motion capture, portable force plates, computed muscle forces and MRI-derived bone geometries were integrated to evaluate patellofemoral joint function in four healthy subjects during stair walking. Our specific aim was to quantify medial and lateral patellofemoral joint loading, joint pressure distribution, and cartilage pressure maps on a subject-specific basis.
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Fregly, Benjamin J., Darryl D. D’Lima, and Clifford W. Colwell. "Effective Gait Modification Strategies for Offloading the Medial Compartment of the Knee." In ASME 2008 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2008-192701.
Full textAbstract:
Gait modification is a conservative, non-invasive treatment option for patients with medial compartment knee osteoarthritis. If proven effective for offloading the medial compartment, it may provide one of the few treatment options with disease modifying potential. Furthermore, it could fill an important therapeutic “hole” for patients in their 40’s and 50’s who no longer achieve sufficient pain relief through pharmacological means and yet are too young to receive a total knee replacement. A variety of gait modifications have been proposed for offloading the medial compartment, including toeing out [1], walking more slowly or with decreased stride length [2], walking with increased medial-lateral trunk sway [3], using lateral heel wedges [4], or walking with medialized knees [5]. These modifications have been proposed primarily based on their ability to reduce the external knee adduction torque. While this external measure is highly correlated with medial compartment contact force [6], the acid test is to demonstrate experimentally that a gait modification reduces medial contact force directly.
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Gacioch, Jonathan A., Kevin B. Fite, Adam K. Arabian, Toshiki Kobayashi, David A. Boone, and Michael S. Orendurff. "An Architecture for Direct Measurement of Transfemoral Prosthesis Gait Beyond the Gait Laboratory Setting." In ASME 2014 Dynamic Systems and Control Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dscc2014-6268.
Full textAbstract:
The work presented here details the development of a wireless instrumentation architecture for direct gait measurement in a transfemoral prosthesis. The system comprises a pair of multi-axis load cells located proximal to the ankle and knee joints of the prosthesis that provide a measure of moments and axial force above and below the prosthetic knee. The kinetic measurements are supplemented with knee kinematics measured using a modular goniometer attached lateral to the prosthetic knee and ground contact as indicated with a pneumatic sensor at the prosthetic heel. Each instrument wirelessly transmits collected data to host PCs, enabling direct gait measurements free of the constraints of a conventional gait laboratory setting. The data acquisition system was evaluated with a single subject with unilateral transfemoral amputation walking with a polycentric knee, composite energy-return foot, and daily-use socket. Experimental results were collected for the subject walking through a theater, enabling the rapid acquisition of gait data for level-ground walking and incline ascent/descent without the need for a motion-capture camera array or floor-embedded force plates.